Types of theaters in Dow. Children's Theater in kindergarten: varieties and features of the organization

Donetsk People's Republic

Department of Education in Donetsk City Administration

Municipal Preschool Educational Institution

"Nursery-Garden No. 303 of Donetsk"

Toolkit For cents of theatrical games

Tale with your own hands

Goncharova Inna Anatolyevna, Educator

Donetsk 2016.

Introduction

Creative activity and development of human creative abilities is component socio-economic and spiritual directions of the modern public device. The word "creativity" in public sense means looking for, to portray something that was not met in the past experience, individual and public. Creative activity is an activity that gives birth to something new; Free art to create a new product carrying a reflection of a personal "I".

Children's creativity is one of the actual problems of preschool pedagogy and children's psychology. L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leontyev, Ji was investigated. I. Wenger, N. A. Vetlugin, B. M. Teplov, O. M. Dyachenko, A. I. Volkov and many others. Also, one of the basic principles of state before is the development of a creative personality.

Theater activity - this is the most common view children's creativity. She is close and clearer to the child, deeply lies in his nature and is reflected by the spontaneous, because it is related to the game. All his fiction, the impression of the child's surrounding life, I want to embody in live images and actions. Entering into the image, he plays any roles, trying to imitate that he saw and that he was interested, and getting a huge emotional pleasure.

There are quite a lot of species of the Children's Theater, and all of them are together helping the child:

Form the right model of behavior in modern world;

Increase general culture child, attach to spiritual values;

Introduce him to children's literature, music, fine art, etiquette rules, rites, traditions, to instill sustainable interest;

Improve the skill to implement certain experiences in the game, encourage the creation of new images, encourage to think.

Main part

Organization of theater B. children's garden

What kind of theaters in kindergarten can be organized? IN pedagogical literature It is proposed to carry out such activities with preschoolers as: a desk theater; stand; riding; wrist; floor; Live doll theater. In turn, each of these species is divided into subspecies. Bench Theater. The stand theater is a surface on which features-characters and scenery are attached. This type includes: Theater on the flannelhemph (board, covered with cloth). To organize such a type of activity, it will require an industrial or independent flannelph and figures-characters of the selected artistic work, which is necessary with back side Attach velcro. Thus, as the plot develops, the child is proposed to attach the necessary figures on the flannelph. The magnetic is, in fact, the same as the previous look, only a metal board is used, and magnetic strips are attached on the figures instead of lipuchk. The basis and, accordingly, the characters of this theater are of different sizes: from a small desktop option, Before the full screen for the visual or musical hall. Shadow Theater. In the gardens - the most mysterious and unusual for the perception of children, preschoolers involved in such a game. To organize this type of the theater, you will need a screen (stretched vertically white fabric), a lamp or a table lamp (depending on the size of the screen), black cardboard figures. Instead of toy characters, the shadows can be created directly with the brush and fingers. This species is called the "Theater of Living Shadows".

Desktop Theater. The name of this type of the theater speaks for itself - the game activity is carried out on the table. Its feature is that scenery and characters must be small to be able to place all necessary attributes Games on the surface. How the desk theater is in kindergarten: paper (cardboard). Often, such a ready-made theater can be found in any children's journal - It is only necessary to cut and collect all the necessary details and you can start a performance. Magnetic is a metal board with magnets - characteristics of any fairy tale. Theater is natural material, for example, cones, chestnuts, acorns, etc. It is convenient to place such characters in the sandbox. " Wardrobe "Theater This type includes theatrical activities, for which such attributes are required as finger dolls Or toys - "gloves". The following "wrist" types of theaters in kindergarten are distinguished: finger; Gloved. What is needed in order to organize such theatrical activities? First of all, you need shirma. Its size depends directly from the size of the characters. In turn, the dolls are most often made by the teacher independently. But the pupils can also take an active part in creating characters. For example, making finger dolls can be made of cardboard cones, fabrics, tennis balls and other materials. "Glove dolls" can be made, for example, from a mittens or sock, sewing the necessary elements (face, hands, clothes, etc.). It is important to note that the finger theater, in addition to other advantages, effectively develops the petty motility of preschoolers, which, in turn, directly affects the formation of children's speech

Horse Theater. What is the riding theater? Such a term was introduced by Russian patrols in the XVI century. Its feature is that the dolls are above the growth of the person who is managed by them. The following type are: in the Costead theater, dolls are used, which, respectively, are fixed on high canes, and a person who controls the characters is hidden behind the screen. Theater "Bi-Ba-Bo" acquires great popularity. In principle, it is the same "glove", as the dolls dress on the hand. The difference consists only of what is used high shirma And thus, the characters are demonstrated by the audience at the level of the rise of the porch. No less interesting is the theater of spoons in kindergarten. Attributes for such gaming activities Make yourself very simple. This will take a wooden spoon. On the convex of it, the face of the character is drawn, and the clothes of the fairy-tale hero are dressed on the handle. During the production children's performance Kids-docks hold characters from spoons for the handle.

Outdoor theater Puppets dolls are used in the outdoor theater. It is quite difficult to make them enough, so most often they are purchased in specialized stores. Due to this feature, this type of theatrical activity is carried out in kindergartens infrequently. But it was the Puppet Theater that causes the preschoolers to a storm of emotions, delight. Since the kids still do not understand the mechanism of action of such dolls, children imagine that the toys "came to life" themselves. It is this element of the "miracle", "fairy tales" and contributes to the emergence of positive emotions from preschoolers.

Theater of live doll But more often the "live" puppet theater in kindergarten is organized. Such activities can be carried out as a study on the development of speech surrounding the world, study foreign language, as well as during leisure. In addition, the production of the "living" theater can be devoted to any holiday, such as Maslenitsa or the New Year. Distinguish the following types of gaming activities: the theater of masks; Theater of dolls-giakanov. The latter is most often done as leisure activities in Dow. The roles of chat rooms are performed either adults or senior preschoolers. Younger children can only speak as viewers. Then how the theater of masks is suitable for children of any age. Even the smallest pupils have the opportunity to "reincarnate" in the hero of the fairy tale. Teacher can offer children to retell such unusual Lovely kids history or prepare a full-fledged performance for parents. Making masks for the upcoming performance, preschoolers can independently under the guidance of a teacher, for example, in classroom artistic and aesthetic development or during leisure activities. In order to organize theatrical activities with preschoolers, various attributes will be required, including masks, dolls, scenery. Of course, the necessary inventory can be purchased in specialized stores. But, offering the kids to make the necessary inventory for the theatricalization of the fairy tale, it is possible not only to diversify the educational process of preschoolers, to increase the motivation to work, but also to implement basic educational and educational goals. What can theater for preschoolers do? For most species such creative activity Maximum screen for theater. In kindergarten, there is usually a specified inventory or in the game room or in music Hall. But in the absence of a screen of the required size, it can be made independently. The easiest way to make such an attribute for the theatrical game is to tighten the dense tissue in the doorway. Depending on what type of activity is supposed to be carried out, the "window" is either cut into the material, or the indentation is made from above to accommodate characters. Shirma for finger theater. To organize a finger theater, you will need a slirm size. Therefore, to make the specified attribute can be from cardboard boxesAt the bottom of which you need to cut a hole. Such a screen then needs to be aesthetically arranged. It is recommended to decorate the box with universal scenery so that you do not have to make a new screen for each fairy tale separately. So, you can arrange in the form of a forest cleaner, arrange the "house on the edge". Dolls for the theater in Dow from the primary materials, preschoolers like it very much from unusual materials of puppet characters for theatrical games. What can such attributes do from? Teacher practicing creativity In the work, it is capable of making figures from the most unexpected materials. For example, paper theater is the easiest and fastest way of self-made character manufacturers. You can also use wooden sticks from ice cream, placing them with felt, foil, colored self-adhesive film. Materials for the manufacture of puppet theater characters: Cardboard, making two holes for fingers at the bottom; matching boxes; tennis balls; inflatable balls; disposable tableware: plates, cups, spoons; sock, mittens, gloves; plastic bottles; Natural material, etc. Thus, you can organize different types of theaters in kindergarten. Pedagogue is important when planning such activities to take into account age and individual characteristics Pupils, their interests. In addition, it is necessary not only to properly hold the theatrical game, but also methodically to think out the preparatory and final stages Work with children. Efficiency depends on these factors pedagogical work With preschoolers in general.

Practical part

Childhood of each of us takes place in the world role-playing gamesthat help the child to master the rules and laws of adults. Every child plays in his own way, but they all copy in their games adults, favorite heroes, try to be like them. Children games can be viewed as improvised theatrical performances. The child is given the opportunity to visit the role of actor, director, decorator, buttuff, musician. Production of butaforia, scenery, suits gives a reason for the visual and technical creativity Children. Children draw, pump, sew, and all these classes acquire meaning and goal as part of the common, exciting children's ideas.

To organize this creative process The area of \u200b\u200btheatrical activity is used. It is located in a well-lit place next to the music and book corners.

Toys for desktop Theater. Can be made of paper and cardboard. This flat toys glued out of two parts and are installed on wooden, plastic or cardboard stands. These are toys on a cone, cylinder and disk (our small innovation in the desktop theater). The image passes on the finished model. If you use flat images, the theater of the pictures will turn out.

Very interesting forest theater.. It can be made of paper, fabric, tie from

thread. The main desire and your fantasy.

I can not show you varezhka Theater.. It is made of paper in the form of a triangle that

allows the toy to be stable.

Also, children are glad to play with dolls from gloves - washcloths.

Very interesting to children theater on plastic or wooden spoons. The doll is made very easy. An image of a character and voila is pasted on a spoon - Ready theater on spoons.

Bababo dolls You can buy or make yourself out of stockings.

In the area of \u200b\u200btheatrical activity must be present shadow Theater: Finger and flat. It is not difficult to make them cut the figure of a black cardboard character.

Hatches of heroes from fairy tales or, in other words, the theater of masks should also be present in the theater zone. Masks are made of cardboard (for strength) well, and, at will, can be closed.

So that such a creative corner is even wider, you can turn on: Theater on magnets, a cinema theater, Costumed theater.

Didactic material

Didactic game Game "Playing the Theater"

Purpose: To acquaint children with the theater. Give initial ideas about how the theater works, who works in the theater, how to prepare performances, scene, etc. Expand the horizons of children, to educate interest in the new, love for the theater, the desire to become an "actor".

Equipment:the game is a scene and scenes, attributes - props for playing scenes, performances: high chair, table, sofa, layout summer Garden, decoration of the room, parts of the yard. Set of cards with the image of people different professions Theater and set of cards depicting the action of this profession.

Material:The game is made of cardboard, it includes a set of small toys to play the scene of the performance. Cards from dense laminated cardboard.

Conclusion

At your experience, we have convinced that children:

1. Mix the skills of expressive speech and rules of behavior,

2. Etiquette of communication with peers and adults;

3. The desire for theatrical art and the desire for theatrical art,

4. Able to transmit various feelings using facial expressions, gestures, intonation

5. Alone fulfill and transmit images fabulous characters.

Thanks to the general efforts, the life of our children has become interesting and meaningful, filled bright impressions, interesting things and the joy of creativity. Skills obtained in theatrical activity Children use in everyday life

Introduction ..........................................3.

2. Organization of the theater in kindergarten ......... ... 4

3. Practical part .............................. 16

4Dactic material ........................ 22

5. Transcue ........................................ 24.

6. Literature list ............................... 26

Literature

1. Migunov E.V. Theatrical pedagogy In kindergarten, shopping center sphere, 2009.

2. Schetkin A.V. Theater activity in the kindergarten Mosaic - Synthesis, 2008.

3. Dodokina N.D., Evdokimova E.S. Family Theater in kindergarten, Mosaic - Synthesis, 2008

4. Gubanova N.F. Gaming activities in kindergarten Mosaic - Synthesis, 2008.

5. Baranova E.V, Savelyeva A.M. From skills to creativity Mosaic - Synthesis, 2009.

6. Gubanova N.F. Development of game activity Mosaic - Synthesis, 2008.

In the diversity of means of impact on the formation of the person of the child of preschool age, the theater is occupied. This is a special synthetic type of art, organically combining artistic word, dramatic action, poetics, painting, and literature. He helps the child to know more deeply, inner world, encourages him to self-improvement, causing aesthetic feelings and emotions during the theatrical action.

If you create conditions for its development, the child will certainly open the abilities embedded in nature. Teachers see their task in identifying these first abilities and, in this background, create the conditions for the full formation of the personality.

We dedicate preschoolers with the appointment and history of the theater, with the work of actors.

Experienced and creative teachers work with children, given pedagogical experience, never stop there. Updating the educational process, find new forms and methods of the organization. Therefore, an idea arose to organize an unconventional theater.

Work on the creation of a new theater is a flight of fantasy, great way show creative skills children, teachers, parents, the possibility of converting ordinary, at first glance, items in fabulous heroes, Scenery.

For the manufacture of aprons of teachers, bright, multi-colored fabrics were used, which were most successful to accommodate scenery: for the winter plot - apron blue color, for the image of the forest, depict the plot in the play "Chrome duck" helped yellow etc.

The scenery is made in such colors so that they do not "suppress" the doll, and "worked" on it and on the scenario as a whole.

Dolls and scenery are made of different rebunny and natural material: fabrics, fur, thread, paper, foam rubber, straw, branches, artificial flowers, ribbons and other things. In the preparation of teachers successfully connected various techniques Creating characters.

Having created the first placement on the Apron "Cat and Cockerel", we noticed that this species Theater causes a sea of \u200b\u200bemotions in children; It gives compactness of the storage and convenience of transfer and arrangement (all dolls and scenery are in separate pockets).

Also, such a method of theatrical act provides the possibility of showing ideas for walks in the warm season, ensure the maximum stay of children in the fresh air.

We successfully use the theater on the apron in learning activitiesWhen you need to count the heroes, consolidate the skills of orientation in space, the form of objects and so on. After all, knowledge gained with impressions is quite strong and deep.

Therefore, the services of our kindergarten are ready for bright, expressive, colorful theaters: "Kolobok", "Pink", "Mitten", "Kitty and Cockerel", "spikes", "chrome duck", "Three pigs", "Red Hap "

Competence B. artistic activities The child is determined by the level of development of aesthetic perception of objects and phenomena, the ability to select different means of implementing the plan, exercise creative imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, an emotional-value attitude towards the surrounding.

The child is able to emotionally respond to the manifestations of aesthetic, both in life and in art, express their feelings in different types artistic activities, including theatrical. Enjoying communication with works of art different species theater performances And detects themselves with an emotional and aesthetically sensitive viewer.

The ability to empathize with characters, understanding the meaning of action, presentation, understanding artistic image - All this makes the baby with an excellent connoisseur theatrical art.

And although in conditions today's day, the book has lost a bit computer games and multiplication films, provided that the educator is a creative person, he necessarily knows how to interest children, turn face to the artistic word. The educator will try to use the initiative forms of applying children of literary works, appeal to literary works.

Familiarization with literary and folklore works It has a positive effect on the development of moral, communicatively - speech, physical, intellectual sphere of the child, and especially for the development of children's speech. To form the ability to form and present thoughts, keep dialogue and the like.

According to psychologists, no type of childhood activity has such a colossal influence as independent theater activities.

Theatricalization occupies a special place in the work of the educator artistic works For children and directly the children themselves.

This type of work is subject to the difficulties and student student trafficking educational institution During the passage of educational pedagogical practice.

Observation of the study practice of students makes it possible to conclude that, on the one hand, students underestimate the use of various types of theaters in working with children, on the other - the inability of students to use various theaters in working with children. It is necessary to learn this, and we pay in classes much attention To form future educators of certain skills on this issue.

One of the tasks of pedpraktics is to carry out entertainment with children of preschool age, among which there may be entertainment of theatrical content of artistic works and works of folk art.

Requirements for the show of the theater of pictures

The text of the staged work the teacher should know well by heart, telling very expressively, beating the voice of each character. Decoration to place on the table scene so that they do not interfere with children to see characters. With his gaze, directed at the character, which is now saying, the educator helps children easier to understand it.

Shadow play

When showing the theater of Shadows, the teacher uses only those works that children are well known for them to easily learn in the silhouette of one or another image from a familiar work.

Theater of toys

For the theater of toys, it is desirable to use toys made of the same material (plastic, soft, etc.). The texts of the works of the heroic direction and fairy tales are not used in this form of the theater, because the toy cannot transmit heroism, or fabulous.

Persushkin Theater.

Special requirements are imposed on the theater of parses, which are:

• scenario;
• decoration;
• music design;
• artistic word;
• driving techniques.

The scenario of the Parsley Theater provides that, even a familiar work for children should carry a new one: you can add characters and their actions, monologues, that is, it is desirable to have positive actions in the plot.

It is better when the performance is completed by the performance of the songs about friendship, especially when the children will sing along with performers, that is, the song must be familiar to children.

Requirements for the decoration of the performance

The scenery should create a positive emotional state in children, contribute to the understanding of the performance of the performance, supplement it. The scenery should be bright, aesthetic, hygienic, conditionally proportional to each other (for example, a tree and bush, a table and a chair), as well as in relation to the doll (doll and a bed, or a doll and a house, tree).

It should not be extended, not involved in the play of the scenery: there is a sun in the sky, let someone from the characters pay attention to it "How warm today, how the sun shines ...", if there are mushrooms on stage, you need someone from Characters gathered them ...

Musical accompaniment of theatrical performance

Special importance in the performance has its musical design, which appeals to aesthetic feelings and configures on emotional perception performance. Music should start a performance, complement the characters, their actions, generally lead the plot of the performance, cause positive emotions in children.

Of great importance is the sound of the script text, i.e. Monologists embedded in the language of dolls. We need a voice as much as possible to reveal each image as much as possible, and to do it in such a way that the children do not recognize the voice of their teacher, who is currently working behind the screen, because it will distract the children from the plot of the performance, since attention from the preschooler is unstable.

It should be remembered that the voice is changing, it stalls, so the text should be made significantly louder and more clear than in everyday life. The script text needs to be known by heart, because driving dolls and their language requires certain efforts to combine them during the performance.

Driving dolls on Shirma requires careful preparation and testing of knowledge so that the faces "come to life" on the stage during the performance. As in the scenery should be followed by certain requirements for the dolls: aesthetic, hygienic, pedagogical.

If the first two requirements are clear, then you should stay on pedagogical requirements. Especially it concerns negative characters. They should not be terrible so that the audience's children are not afraid of them, the sound of their monologues should also not be painted by the "terrible" voice.

Driving technique Dolls

Certain requirements are presented to the technique of driving dolls: how doll appears on Shirma, as it goes from the scene, their gait ... The mice of the performance should be defined in advance.

Remember that when there are two dolls on Shirma, and who "now" says, can be slightly moving "hand", "chairman"; And whoever listens should be static, then children will be easier to perceive and understand who speaks now.

When children themselves are involved in the production, careful work is underway to study the roles of the performance, driving techniques, training along with children's decoration, exercises with doll on Shirma, and only then show the finished performance to children of another group.

The result of such a painstaking work has an invaluable pedagogical effect on children as those involved in the performance and those that browse it.

So, the question in each preschool institution is desirable to have a corner of the theater, the center of theatrical activity, which must be a mandatory component of the spatial environment since the third year of the life of children, in order for children to have free access to theatrical toys, elements of costumes and shirms, used own willing without guidelines.

Theatrical art is understandable and affordable for children, since it is based on the game. Theater affects the viewer with artistic words, action, color, music.
It is important from preschool years to develop interest in children to the theater, the desire to visit it, participate in theatrical games, simple performances. The need for children in the game is manifested very early. Already in 2-3 years, children willingly depict a closure bear, a wagon bunny, a tricky chantech. They are easy, with pleasure reincarnate from one image to another. Their actions are single-plane, imitative, simulation, but at the same time emotionally saturated.

Small children are grateful spectators, if they know how to talk to them from the scene, given the features of their development. The main thing is that parents understand where and for what purpose you can lead the child. IN real Theater.For example, two - three-year-old kids will be too early. The repertoire of children's performances, as a rule, is not designed for this age. Therefore, we propose to create the theater at home or in kindergarten. For kids early age (Until 3 years) can be started with the simplest, for example, presentations with toys that are attracted by kids.

New toys (dolls, dogs, bears, etc.) and easily adult first cause a child delight, interest, surprise. Over time, the novelty of perception disappears, other impressions appear that become more weighty. And forgotten toys are bored somewhere in the corners. How to help, so that they come to the life for a long time and became his favorites?

Children's Theater in kindergarten: where to start?

From childhood, attract children to theatrical and game activities. Become a director and create the theater. For preschoolers - this is a guide of elementary life situations with toys, drawing familiar literary works: a song, poems, fairy tales, stories.

We already advise when meeting a child with new toy Come up with an easy story: the dog got lost and is looking for a true friend; Doll - a small daughter who needs leaving and love; Teddy bear nursed honey, he needs the help of a family doctor.

You can beat any children's toy, from simple actions with it gradually move to small uncomplicated scenes. And in the future these plot lines develop, relying on life experience. The adult is also included in the game and takes certain roles, it shows the sample, as you can act in one situation or another, in the course of the game I improvises, says a specific toy, stimulates the child so that he thinks, acted, answered. These are the so-called improvisation games.

Children's theater at home

If the child has its own favorite toy (Carlson, Pinocchio, Barbie, etc.), make out of her the main hero of the home children's theater, with whom every day happens amazing Adventures. Gradually expand his circle of communication, including other toys in the game.
Do not forget about the finger theater, which is also very useful for preschoolers.
With the help of the chosen main character, you can talk about everything in the world. If he is mistaken something, makes something wrong, then the kids themselves are corrected and taught. These uncomplicated improvisations brings them a pleasure. They do not notice that the favorite character tells Pope or Mom's voice.
Should the child take part in the performance?
Gradually, children no longer satisfy the role of the viewer, they themselves suggest the plot, willingly turn on in the events, played with toys, talk to the characters of stories as equal, are able to express their own feelings of facial expressions, gestures, movements, intonation.

When the actions of a child with toys become more complex, obey the pre-thought out plan, you can already contact the texts of the songs, poems, simple and familiar fairy tales and try to play them with clarity, and without it. If the text is quite voluminous, first it is advisable to offer the baby to reproduce individual episodes of the work, and then completely the entire plot. In addition to ordinary ideas with toys, you can use a finger theater that will help children develop the motility of the hands.

Various theatrical representations based on fairy tales attract children, because they are available and correspond to their interests. They contribute to the formation of initiative, independence, responsibility, the ability to distinguish good and evil, develop speech, facial expressions, gestures, skills of communication culture, make it possible from childhood to join magic world Theatrical art. Forest theater. in preschool age It will help to develop small motility of hands.

Of course, this is not a real theater. In kindergarten, such improvisation games with toys are called the "toy theater", because its elements are present here: performing roles, identifying some character character character, trying to convey them and the like. The main thing is to include a child in an improvised dialogue, deploy general actions with toy heroes. Thus, in the theatrical activity, the kid without a didactic pressure learns certain game techniques, its imagination, fantasy, is activated, the elements of creativity appear.

Attracting children to dramatize fairy tales and other literary works with toys, first select those together that correspond to the selected plot. It is important that the characters talked when playing it, performed certain actions in accordance with the text. To play literary works, you can use not only ordinary toys, but also a desktop toy theater.

What toys and inventory should buy in kindergarten for the organization of the theater?

To organize the children's theater, you may need toys, characters of various works. There are ready-made sets of plane desktop theaters on sale. different fairy tales. Such a kit is a kind of model with which the child can lose not only fragments, but also the whole fairy tale, saying the words of each character and acting for each of them. Preschoolers are well perceived by a dialogic speech, interaction between characters, therefore, from playing various texts with clarity, you can gradually move to the fulfillment of roles in collaborative with adults of theatrical activity: during the game-imitation, dramatization of fairy tales, dramatizing and reading on the roles of poems written in dialogic form.

If possible, increase the number acting persons, attract children from senior groups to the work of children. The older the children, the more it is necessary to pay attention to the understanding of the content of the artistic work, the characteristics of the characters and behavior of various characters that act, move, speak in their own way, in different ways.

How to prepare theatrical performance?

It is useful together to dream about every hero, come up with little stories. This will expand children's ideas about game images. It is important to encourage preschoolers to creative independence, you can offer to show, for example, the cockerel works hard and the frivolous mice are dancing and singing (the fairy tale "Cockerel and Two Mice").

Senior preschoolers are already able to transfer the mood, independent state Heroes. Teach children from childhood to master the means of emotional expressiveness, that is, to express feelings of facial expressions, gestures, intonation, words, emotions. Exercise them in this. For example, you can offer the baby to show how the grandfather and Baba are rejoiced when the chicken demolished and how they grieve when it crashed, sing a kolobka songs (confidently and bold, surprised, joyfully, sad) or goats-Dereza ("terrible voice).

All this helps the child "enter the image". Such a gradual inclusion of a preschooler in theatrical gaming activity gives positive results. In six years, he may already be not only its participant and the performer of certain roles, but also the "director", which develops its own scenarios and independently shows the play of the "Theater of Toys" or Puppet Theater. May be the initiator and organizer of dramatization games among the peers in the plots of familiar art works, can transmit characteristics a certain stage image and, most importantly, to realize the needs for self-expression, communication, identifying personal relationship to her hero. The organization of elementary theatrical activities of children at home and in the preschool institution contributes to the formation of interest in their theater as the type of art, certain ideas about theater, theatrical terminology, aesthetic perception of theatrical ideas.

What could be theater in kindergarten?

The directorial games include desktop, shadow, Bababo Theater, Puppet Theater. Attribute - a characteristic character that symbolizes its typical properties.

Shadow Theater - refers to directorial theatrical games. This is a show of performances using a screen from transparent tissue, cut the dark color of character figures and a bright light source.

A finger theater is a show of fabulous action, where performers are hidden, and the characters dress on the fingers of the hands, having a special structure of attributes, it is a good gymnastics for hands. The finger theater assumes the presence of special decorations. In the course of action, you are moving or one or all your fingers, pronouncing the text and moving the hand.

The puppet theater is a systematic art, which also uses the artistic word, and a visual image of a doll, and a picturesque and decorative design, and musical accompaniment.
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Types of theater in kindergarten Types of theaters used in classroom Corners Theater Corses Theater Masks Finger-Puffy Theater Theater Wares or Gloves Theater Pictures on Flanhelegraf Talking Fairy Tale Pictures. The sequence of a fairy tale is well remembered. Theater spoons Theater on chopsticks very much like children. To keep it easy and convenient. The image of a double-sided character. Caps Theater Shadow Theater Dolls Ba Ba Baibabo is the simplest doll consisting of a head and dresses in the form of a glove. The head has a special hole under the index finger, and big and middle finger Serve for gesticulation with hands of dolls  Such a doll has identified the fate of Sergey Obrazzova, who writes in his memories:  Mom gave me a small funny doll. It was called this doll bibabo and consisted of a celluloid head and a blue halant, putting on the hand, like a glove ... All that did a bobbo, was ridiculous and slightly touching. I loved him, and sorry, as children of small kittens love and regret. I also took it to take it with myself, and he was shaking in my sleeve, looking at passersby, cities, children on chistoprudic boulevard or shop windows ... Not because the sky is blue, but the earth me a mistress in this holiday cleaning, I give you poems , funny, as bibbob and sharp and necessary, like toothpicks! (Vladimir Mayakovsky) Puppet Theater Application of cardic dolls develops plastic, coordination of movements. Desktop Theater Ladm Theater on Mask Masks Plates. The theater is made of disposable paper plates. Colored by watercolor paints, covered with colorless varnish. Tantamarsk Tantamarsk Theater - a stand with a bright pattern, which contains a funny plot, and the holes are cut on the site of the characters. The characters are attached to interesting postures, you can place them against the background of a fabulous country or space expands, it depends on your imagination. Tantamarsk is a doll, with which the facial expressions are being worked out, emotional expressiveness of speech and gesturing, expressiveness of movements. Staging a fairy tale 2.Teatrical activity in different age groups The first younger group 1. Acquaintance with theatrical doll Bi-Ba-Boy and theatrical games. 2. Imitation games. 3. Development of major emotions. The second junior group is a consistent acquaintance with the types of theaters, the foundations of acting skills. 1. games-imitation of individual actions of man, animals and birds. 2. Game-imitation images of well-known fabulous characters. 3. Game-improvisation to the music. 4. Single-day wordless game-improvisation with one character in the texts of poems and additives. 5. Improvisation game in the texts of short fairy tales, stories, poems. 6. Role dialogue of the heroes of fairy tales. 7. Fragments of animal fairy tales fragments. 8. One-day improvisation game with several characters on folk tales and copyright texts. The middle group Puppet Theater should be combined with a theatrical game. 1. Multiple-sized dramatization games in the texts of two-time fairy tales about animals and magical fairy tales. 2. Dramatic games in the texts of the stories on the themes "Children and their games", "Guys and Victims", "Adults". 3. The performance of the performance on the work. 4. Acquaintance with faith and pantomime. 5. Molds of the theater in poetic and prosaic works (S. Marshak "The Tale of a Stupid Muskin", K. Chukovsky "Putanitsa"). 6. Forest theater in self-study ("Lived at Babui", S. Mikhalkov "Kittens", L. Zubkov "We Deli Orange") Senior Group in senior group All children are actively involved in theatrical games and dramatization. 1. Children are already available to independent performances of performances, including on the basis of "collage" from several literary works. 2. Puppets, dolls with a lively hand are added. 3. Used Russian folk tales-fables about animals. Preparatory group B. preparatory group Theatrical games are characterized by more complex characters of heroes, difficult to develop miceans (location of actors on stage). The skills of the same and the same actions are developing in different situations, circumstances and in different ways. Requires goodwill and communicability in communicating with peers. Children learn to adequately respond to the behavior of partners. Children compose etudes with naughntazed circumstances. Content of exercise on theatrical activity       View puppet performances and conversations on them; Dramatization games; Exercises for socio-emotional development; Correctional and educational games; Diction exercises (articulation gymnastics); Tasks for the development of speech intonation expressiveness;  transformation games ("learn to own your body"), figurative exercises;  Exercises for the development of children's plastics; Rhythmic minutes (logo); Finger game game for the development of the motility of the hands necessary for cubes; Exercises for the development of expressive facial expressions, elements of art messenger; Theatrical etudes; Separate ethics exercises during dramatization; Preparation (rehearsal) and playing a variety of fairy tales and stages; Acquaintance not only with the text of the fairy tale, but also by means of its dramatization - gesture, faithful, movement, suit, scenery (requisites), Misanessen, etc. One of the conditions for successful development of theatrical activity, the perfection of speech is effective interaction with parents. Thus, the theatrical game has an impact on the development of connected speech in children in the event that interest and the desire to engage in the game, and will also be taken into account age and individual abilities.

Types of theaters

1. Table theater toys. This theater uses a wide variety of toys - factory and homemade, from natural and any other material. Here fantasy is not limited, the main thing is that toys and crafts stood steadily on the table and did not create interference when moving.

2. Desktop theater pictures. All pictures are characters and scenery - must be double-sided, since the turns are inevitable, and so that figures do not fall, we need supports that can be the most diverse, but necessarily sufficiently stable. This is ensured by the correct weight ratio or support area with a picture height. The higher the picture, the greater or weighing the support is needed.

Actions of toys and pictures in desktop Theater Limited. But you should not raise them and transfer from place to place. It is important to imitate the desired movement: running, jumping, walking and simultaneously trying text. The state of the character, his mood transmits the intonation of the lead - joyful, sad, complaint.

Characters before the game began to hide. Their appearance in the course of action creates an element of surprisability, causes the interest of children.

In order to create an idea of \u200b\u200bthe place of action, use the elements of the scenery: two or three trees are a forest, a green cloth or paper on the table - lawn, a blue ribbon - a stream. Do not waste a lot of time on such preparations and attract children to them, teach them to fantasize, invent new original parts for scenery - and then everything will be interested.

3. Book book. The dynamics, the sequence of events is easy to portray with the help of each other's synthesive illustrations. For travel type games, it is convenient to use the Book Stand. Strengthen it on the bottom of the board. On the top - place the transport where a trip will take place. In the course of the trip, the lead (first teacher, and then a child), turning the sheets of the stand book, demonstrates various plots depicting events, meetings that occur on the way. You can also illustrate episodes from the life of a kindergarten if each page shows a new mode process.

4. Flanhelegraph. Pictures show well on the screen. Holds their clutch flannel, which is tightened by the screen and the back of the picture. Instead of flannel, you can stick and pieces of sandpaper or velvet paper. Pick together with children from old books, magazines, and the missing can be drawn. It gives the guys pleasure. Use and natural material.

The diverse screens allow you to create "live" pictures that are conveniently demonstrated by the whole group of children. On the screens-prisms can work in pairs at the same time all the guys during classes. Scenes on screens are different, and children will be able to make sure the variety of images of the image of the same theme.

This type of games makes it easy to depict mass scenes, such as "air parade", "Flight of birds", "Running a space rocket", etc.

5. Shadow Theater. There is a screen of translucent paper, expressively carved black plane characters and a bright light source behind them, thanks to which the characters discard the shadows on the screen. Very interesting images are obtained using fingers. For example, you can make a goose, a hare, a doggy dog, an angry turkey, fighting boxers, etc. Do not forget only to accompany the show with the corresponding sound.

To show a scene with several characters at the same time, set the screen below the bar on which you can strengthen the figure. For example, first pulls the grandfather. Strengthen it with a figure on the bar and output the grandmother, etc. Figures. Place near the screen so that the shadows are clear. Alone will place below or on the side of the screen so that your shadow does not fall on it.

The theater of the shadows is good to use during the leisure hours.

6. Fingering theater. Attributes The child puts on his fingers, but, as in dramatization, it affects the character, the image of which on hand. In the course of action, the child moves one or all his fingers, pronouncing the text, moving the hand over the screen. You can do without shirma and depict the actions, moving freely around the room.

The finger theater is good when you need to show several characters at the same time. For example, in a fairy tale "Pink" with each other new characters appear. Such a performance can show one child with your fingers. Fairy Tales "Goat and Seven Cats", "Twelve Months", "Balysh Ki-Balchish", "Gus-Swans" and others with many characters can show two, three children who are located behind the screen. Showing such fairy tales with mass scenes is possible thanks to finger attributes.

7. Babo.

In these games on the fingers put on a doll. The movements of her head, hands, torso are carried out using the movements of the fingers, hand brushes.

Bababo dolls usually act on a shirma, behind which is hidden by leading. But when the game is familiar or dolls lead the children themselves, that is, the moment of mysteriousness disappeared, then the leading can go to the audience, communicate with them, to file something to them, take someone by hand, involve in the game, etc. Such a "exposure" does not reduce, but rather raises the interest and activity of the guys.

When children see, the game of an adult with dolls bibbob, they will most likely want to learn themselves to drive them. If the doll is great for a nursery, then you can insert two fingers into the head instead of one. Shorten the sleeves of the doll so that the children's fingers entered into the hand patrons. You can make dolls and for children's hands. To do this, we will use well-preserved parts from old broken toys, soft animals. Dress them and apply for the right role. Show the guys how to move the doll, how to drive it in Shirma.

8. Improvisation - playing the topic, the plot without prior training is perhaps the most difficult, but most interesting game. It prepares all previous types of the theater. Nevertheless, children will be in bewilderment if you suddenly offer them to play a particular scene. Prepare them to this - together come up with the topic, discuss how to portray it, what are the roles characteristic episodes.

Further step - let each participant of the game depict the topic in its own way. Even more difficult task: The child chooses the topic and play it himself. The next time the guys themselves ask each other themes. Finally, with the help of facial expansion, the attribute can be made a riddle. The commencement is the topic that is also played.

Conclusions on the first chapter

In the first chapter of our work, we reviewed the history of the children's theater, and what kind of children's theater is now. Analyzed one of the main components of theatrical activity - creativity. The impact of creativity to raising harmonious developed personality. Allocated the stages of the creative activity of the child. Allocated types of theaters that are used in preschool institutions, Conditions and requirements for them. Theatrical games were also considered, their classification, and the impact of the game of childhood development of preschool age

Pre-school age gives excellent opportunities for the development of creative abilities. And on how much these possibilities were used, the creative potential of an adult will be dependent in many respects. The more favorable conditions, the closer they are optimal, the more successful development begins. Development can achieve the greatest height, and the child can become talented and ingenious. From a psychological point of view, preschool childhood is a favorable period for the development of creative abilities because at this age children are extremely inquisitive, they have a lot of desire to know the world around.

The art sector is considered as a space that contributes to the formation of social and aesthetic activity of the individual.

This view of the child's education made the actual problem of education and education of preschoolers by means of theatrical art and allowed us to appeal to theatrical activity in Dow not only as an independent section. art Education Children, but also as a powerful synthetic means of developing their creative abilities. After all, the art of the theater is an organic synthesis of music, dance, painting, rhetoric, acting, focusing in a single integer means of expressiveness, available in the arsenal of individual arts, and, thus, creates conditions for raising a holistic creative personality than contributes to the implementation of the purpose of modern education .

Thus, we come to the conclusion that it is best to identify and develop creative abilities of preschoolers, since theatrical activity is focused on comprehensive development The identity of the child, his unique personality. Promotes self-knowledge, self-expression; creates conditions for the socialization of the child; Helps awareness of the sense of satisfaction, joy, significance arising from the identification of hidden talents and potencies. Theatrical activity not only develops the psychic functions of the child's personality, artistic abilities, but also the universal universal ability to interpersonal interaction, creativity in any area. In addition, for a child, a theatrical performance is good opportunity At least briefly become a hero, believe in yourself, hear the first applause in his life.

children's Theater Creativity Performance