Oblomov and stolts social status table. Literature lesson on the topic: "Oblomov and Stolz

Oblomov and Stolz

Stolz - the antipode of Oblomov (Principle of the antithesis)

All figurative system IAGoncharov's novel Oblomov is aimed at revealing the character, essence of the protagonist. Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a bored gentleman lying on the couch, dreaming of transformations and happy life in the bosom of the family, but doing nothing to make dreams come true. The antipode of Oblomov in the novel is the image of Stolz. Andrei Ivanovich Stolts is one of the main characters, a friend of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the son of Ivan Bogdanovich Stolts, a Russianized German who manages an estate in the village of Verkhlevka, which is five miles from Oblomovka. In the first two chapters of the second part goes detailed story about Stolz's life, about the conditions in which his active character was formed.

1. General features:

a) age ("Stolz is the same age as Oblomov and he is already over thirty");

b) religion;

c) training in the boarding house of Ivan Stolz in Verkhlev;

d) service and quick retirement;

e) love for Olga Ilyinskaya;

e) good relations to each other.

2. Various traits:

a ) portrait;

Oblomov ... “He was a man of about thirty-two or three years of age, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with lack of: any definite idea, any concentration in the facial features. "

«… flabby beyond his years whether from lack of movement or air. In general, his body, judging by the matte, too white necks, small plump arms, soft shoulders seemed too pampered for a man. His movements, when he was even alarmed, were also restrained. gentleness and not devoid of a kind of grace of laziness. "

Stolz- the same age as Oblomov, he is already over thirty. Sh .'s portrait contrasts with Oblomov's: “It is all composed of bones, muscles and nerves, like a blood English horse. He is thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, that is, bone and muscle, but not a sign of fat roundness ... "

Getting to know portrait characteristic of this hero, we understand that Stolz is a strong, energetic, purposeful person who is alien to dreaminess. But this almost ideal personality resembles a mechanism, not a living person, and this repels the reader.

b) parents, a family;

Oblomov's parents are Russian, he grew up in a patriarchal family.

Stolz. - a native of the bourgeois class (his father left Germany, wandered around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of the estate). “Stolz was only half German by his father; his mother was Russian; he professed the Orthodox faith, his native language was Russian ... ”. Mother was afraid that Stolz, under the influence of his father, would become a rude burgher, but Stolz's Russian entourage prevented.

c) education;

Oblomov moved “from embraces to the embraces of family and friends,” his upbringing was of a patriarchal nature.

Ivan Bogdanovich raised his son strictly: “From the age of eight he sat with his father for geographic map, sorted out biblical verses in the warehouses of Herder, Wieland and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, bourgeois and factory workers, and with his mother read the sacred history, taught Krylov's fables and analyzed Telemak's warehouses. "

When Stolz grew up, his father began to take him to the field, to the market, forced him to work. Then Stolz began to send his son to the city with errands, "and it never happened that he forgot something, altered, overlooked, made a mistake."

Upbringing, like education, was twofold: dreaming that a "good bursh" would grow out of his son, the father encouraged boyish fights in every possible way, without which the son could not do a day. If Andrei appeared without a lesson prepared "by heart", Ivan Bogdanovich sent his son back where he came from - and every time young Stltz returned with lessons learned.

From his father he received a "labor, practical education", and his mother introduced him to the beautiful, tried to put in the soul of little Andrei love for art, for beauty. His mother "in her son ... dreamed of the ideal of a gentleman," and his father taught him to hard, not lordly work.

d) attitude towards studying in a boarding house;

Oblomov studied "out of necessity," "serious reading bored him," "but the poets hurt him ... for a living"

Stolz always studied well, was interested in everything. And was a tutor at my father's boarding house

e) further education;

Oblomov lived in Oblomovka until he was twenty, then graduated from the university.

Stolz graduated brilliantly from the university. Parting with his father, who sent him from Verkhlev to St. Petersburg, Stolz. says that he will certainly follow his father's advice and will go to Ivan Bogdanovich's old friend Reingold - but only when he, Stolz, will have, like Reingold, a four-story house. Such independence and independence, as well as self-confidence. - the basis of the character and worldview of the younger Stolz, which his father so ardently supports and which Oblomov lacks so much.

f) lifestyle;

"Lying at Ilya Ilyich's was his normal state."

Stolz has a thirst for action

g) housekeeping;

Oblomov did not do business in the village, received an insignificant income and lived on credit.

Stolz serves successfully, retires to study by own business; makes a house and money. He's a member trading company sending goods abroad; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, throughout Russia.

h) life aspirations;

Oblomov in his youth "prepared for the field", thought about the role in society, about family happiness, then he excluded from his dreams social activities, his ideal was a carefree life in unity with nature, family, friends.

Stolz, chose an active principle in his youth ... Stolz's ideal of life is unceasing and meaningful work, it is "the image, content, element and purpose of life."

i) views on society;

Oblomov believes that all members of the world and society are "dead, sleeping people", they are characterized by insincerity, envy, the desire by any means to "get a loud rank", he is not a supporter of progressive forms of economic management.

According to Stolz, with the help of the organization of "schools", "piers", "fairs", "highways", the old, patriarchal "scraps" should be turned into comfortable estates that generate income.

j) attitude towards Olga;

Oblomov wanted to see loving woman capable of creating a serene family life.

Stolz marries Olga Ilyinskaya, and Goncharov tries to present in their active, full of work and beauty alliance ideal family, a true ideal that does not work out in Oblomov's life: “We worked together, dined, went to the fields, played music< …>as Oblomov dreamed ... Only there was no slumber, despondency, they spent their days without boredom and without apathy; there was no sluggish look, no word; the conversation did not end with them, it was often hot. "

k) relationship and mutual influence;

Oblomov considered Stolz his only friend, able to understand and help, he listened to his advice, but Stolz failed to break Oblomovism.

Stolz highly appreciated the kindness and sincerity of the soul of his friend Oblomov. Stolz does everything to awaken Oblomov to activity. In friendship with Oblomov Stolz. he also turned out to be at his best: he replaced the rogue manager, destroyed the intrigues of Tarantyev and Mukhoyarov, who tricked Oblomov into signing a fake loan letter.

Oblomov is used to living on Stolz's orders in the smallest matters, he needs the advice of a friend. Without Stolz, Ilya Ilyich cannot decide on anything, however, and Oblomov is in no hurry to follow Stolz's advice: they have too different ideas about life, about work, about the application of strength.

After the death of Ilya Ilyich, a friend takes on the education of Oblomov's son, Andryusha, named in his honor.

m) self-esteem ;

Oblomov constantly doubted himself. Stolz never doubts himself.

m) character traits ;

Oblomov is inactive, dreamy, slovenly, indecisive, gentle, lazy, apathetic, not devoid of subtle emotional experiences.

Stolz - active, sharp, practical, neat, loves comfort, open in mental manifestations, reason prevails over feeling. Stolz could control his feelings and was "afraid of every dream." Happiness for him was consistency. According to Goncharov, he "knew the value of rare and expensive properties and wasted them so sparingly that he was called an egoist, insensitive ...".

The meaning of the images of Oblomov and Stolz.

Goncharov reflected in Oblomov the typical features of the patriarchal nobility. Oblomov absorbed conflicting features Russian national character.

Stolz in Goncharov's novel was assigned the role of a man capable of breaking Oblomovism and reviving the hero. According to critics, the ambiguity of Goncharov's idea of ​​the role of "new people" in society led to the unconvincing image of Stolz. According to Goncharov's plan, Stolz - new type Russian progressive figure. However, he does not portray the hero in specific activities. The author only informs the reader about what Stolz has been and what he has achieved. Showing Parisian life Stolz with Olga, Goncharov wants to reveal the breadth of his views, but in fact reduces the hero

So, the image of Stolz in the novel not only clarifies the image of Oblomov, but is also interesting to readers for its originality and the complete opposite of the main character. Dobrolyubov says about him: “He is not the person who will be able, in a language understandable to the Russian soul, to tell us this omnipotent word“ forward! ” Dobrolyubov, like everyone else revolutionary democrats, saw the ideal of a "man of action" in serving the people, in the revolutionary struggle. Stolz is far from this ideal. However, next to Oblomov and Oblomovism, Stolz was still a progressive phenomenon.

Literature - grade 10.

Lesson topic: “Oblomov and Stolz. Comparative characteristics"

(based on the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov")

Lesson objectives: to identify features author's position through the comparison of heroes (Oblomov and Stolz); develop characterization skills literary characters, research skills, logical thinking; educate a thoughtful reader, enrich the speech of students.

Lesson equipment: portrait of IAGoncharov, text of the novel by IAGoncharov “Oblomov”, (presentation); notebooks for works on literature, illustrations.

Students should know:

Contents of the novel by IAGoncharov "Oblomov";

The main idea of ​​the work;

Main images.

Students should be able to:

Correctly answer the questions posed by the teacher;

Summarize and systematize educational material;

Improve the skills of working with text;

Draw conclusions and link them into a monologue statement.

During the classes.

IOrganizational moment.

IIImplementation of d.z. (IA Goncharov "Oblomov", The image of Stolz in the novel: family, upbringing, education, portrait features, lifestyle, values ​​(part 2,

Chapters 1 - 4. Compare the character of Stolz with the character of Oblomov)

IIICommunication of the topic and purpose of the lesson.

IVPreparation for the perception of the work. Work according to the lesson plan.

1.introduction.

Good afternoon guys! The study of the novel by IA Goncharov makes us talk about the meaning of life, about the purpose of a person ... Pay attention to the topic of the lesson (writing the topic in notebooks).

Work plan:

1.The image of Stolz in the novel: family, upbringing, education, portrait features, lifestyle, values ​​(part 2, chapters 1 - 4)

2. Build and record a chain keywords revealing the character of Stolz, Oblomov (homework check)

3. Compare the character of Stolz with the character of Oblomov:

You need to compare these heroes, find out how they are similar and how they differ from each other.

Today we will consider one of the problematic issues of the work:

- Ilya Oblomov and Andrey Stolts ... who are they - doubles or antipodes?

Let's define lexical meaning words antipode and double

2. Vocabulary work.

Antipode - (Greek antipodes - facing feet to feet). 1. only plural. Inhabitants of two opposite points of the earth, two opposite ends of one of the diameters the globe(geogr.). 2. to someone or someone to something. A person of opposite properties, tastes or beliefs (book). He is his perfect antipode or he is his perfect antipode.

Double - a person who has complete resemblance to another (both about a man and a woman).

What is your perception of Oblomov and Stolz?

Teacher: Our acquaintance with Oblomov already took place in the previous lessons. We found out that our hero is slow, lazy, not focused. Let's give him a more detailed description. (students' answers)

(We learn about Stolz in the first part of the novel, before he appears before the readers, that is, in absentia:

In connection with Oblomov's guests, which Ilya Ilyich "did not like", in contrast to his childhood friend, Andrei Ivanovich Stolts, whom he "loved sincerely";

In connection with the dreams of the protagonist, where is Stolz, who knew and appreciated best qualities Ilya Ilyich, was an integral part of the pictures of a happy life on the estate, full of love, poetry, friendly feelings and peace;

Stolz also appears in Oblomov's Dream, fits into the idyllic, sweet and at the same time mysterious atmosphere of childhood that shaped the hero.

Teacher: Unexpectedly, the appearance of the hero in the finale of the first part and chapters 1 - 2 of the second part tell about Stolz.

3. Stills from the film "A few days in the life of I. I. Oblomov"

(meeting between Oblomov and Stolz).

We see that these two people, they are real friends. But these heroes are different, dissimilar. Let's use, together with the author, a way of characterizing a hero known in the literature - a comparative characteristic. Before you is a worksheet, which contains the criteria for upbringing, the purpose of life, the content of the activity, attitude towards women, their family life and position in life. In the output column, we will make notes ourselves when we consider all these criteria, comparing the main characters.

4. Consider all the features of the heroes.

(Students' answers: Oblomov and Stolz).

Comparative characteristics

Oblomov

Stolz

Appearance

Origin

Upbringing

Education

Pledged program

Outlook on life

The purpose of life

friendship

Perception of life

Love test

a) Appearance: ( when they appeared before the reader)

- What does I.A. Goncharov draw our attention to when describing the appearance of the heroes?

"... thirty-two or three years old, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea, ... an even light of carelessness glimmered in his whole face", the same age as Oblomov, "thin, his cheeks are almost completely no, ... the complexion is even, swarthy and no blush; although a little greenish eyes, but expressive "

b) Origin:

…

…a native of the bourgeois class (his father left Germany, wandered around Switzerland and settled in Russia, becoming the manager of the estate). Sh graduated from the university brilliantly, served with success, and retired to pursue his own business; makes a house and money. He is a member of a trading company that sends goods overseas; as an agent of the company, Sh. travels to Belgium, England, throughout Russia. The image of Sh. Is built on the basis of the idea of ​​balance, harmonious correspondence between the physical and the spiritual, reason and feeling, suffering and pleasure. The ideal of Sh. Is measure and harmony in work, life, rest, love. (or ... from a poor family: his father (Russified German) was the manager of a rich estate, his mother was an impoverished Russian noblewoman. Half Russian, not a nobleman.

c) Education.

- What kind of education did I. Oblomov and A. Stolz receive? Tell us about it.

Parents wanted to present Ilya with all the benefits “somehow cheaper, with different tricks.” Parents taught him to be idle and calm (they did not allow him to pick up the dropped thing, dress, pour himself water). the stigma of slavery. in the family there was a cult of food, and after eating - a deep sleep.

Oblomov was not even allowed out into the street. "And what are the servants for?" Soon Ilya himself realized that giving orders was calmer and more convenient. A dexterous, agile child is constantly stopped by his parents and a nanny for fear that the boy will "fall, hurt himself" or catch a cold, he was cherished like a greenhouse flower. "Seekers of manifestations of power turned inward and nickle, withering." (Oblomov)

His father gave him the upbringing that he received from his father: he taught all the practical sciences, forced him to work early and sent his son, who graduated from the university, away from him. his father taught him that the main thing in life is money, strictness and accuracy ... (Stolz)

Name the episodes, scenes that clearly illustrate how Stolz's childhood passed, how the process of his upbringing went.

Reading the episode (Stolz's Farewell to his father) by roles.

What impression does this scene make on you?

How can you comment on this?

What did his father teach him? What did A. Stolz feel?

Goncharov creates Stolz, involuntarily starting from Oblomov, as the opposite of the main character; with Stolz everything is different.

His upbringing is laborious, practical, he was brought up by life itself (cf. “If Oblomov’s son had disappeared ...”).

A special conversation is required: the attitude of the mother; mother and father; Oblomovka, a princely castle, as a result of which "the bursh did not work out", which replaced the "narrow German track" with a "wide road".

Stolz - Stolz (“proud”). Does he live up to his last name?

Worksheet (at the bottom of the column: "Education", indicate the antipode).

d). Education:

…studied in a small boarding school, located five miles from Oblomovka, in the village of Verkhlev. Both graduated from the University in Moscow.

From the age of eight he sat with his father at a geographical map, sorted out biblical verses in the warehouses of Herder, Wieland and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, bourgeois and factory workers, and with his mother he read sacred history, taught Krylov's fables and analyzed Telemak's warehouses. "

On the basis of upbringing and education, a certain program was laid.

What is it like for Oblomov and Stolz?

e) Pledged program.

Oblomov

Dream. Stagnation and sleep - the passive beginning found consolation in his favorite “conciliatory and soothing” words “maybe”, “maybe” and “somehow” and protected himself with them from misfortunes. He was ready to shift the matter to anyone, not caring about his outcome and the decency of the chosen person (this is how he trusted the swindlers who robbed his estate).

“Lying down with Ilya Ilyich was not a necessity, like a sick person or a person who wants to sleep, nor an accident, like someone who is tired, nor pleasure, like a lazy person: this was his normal state”.

What was Stolz most afraid of?

Justifying their answers with text, students say that dreams, imagination (“ optical illusion”As Stolz said) were his enemies. He controlled his life and had a “real outlook on life” (cf. Oblomov).

Stolz

Stolz was afraid to dream, his happiness was constant, energy and stormy activity - active Start

“He is incessantly on the move: if society needs to send an agent to Belgium or England, they will send him; need to write a project or adapt new idea to the point - choose him. Meanwhile, he travels to the world and reads: when he has time - God knows. "

- What does life mean and what is the purpose of a person, according to Stolz?

Students: “Live the four seasons, that is, four ages, without leaps and carry the vessel of life to last day without spilling a single drop in vain ... ”(compare with Oblomov, whose ideal is ...in peace and pleasure ; see about Oblomov's dreams in the 8th chapter of the first part).

Teacher: 3-4th chapters of the second part. The role of these chapters in the novel. A conversation is a dispute where the views and positions of the heroes collided.

The essence of the dispute - HOW TO LIVE?!

- How does the dispute arise?(Oblomov's dissatisfaction with the empty life of society.)

This is not life!

- When does the turning point in the dispute come?(Labor path: Stolz's disagreement with the ideal of a friend, after all, this is "Oblomovism"; the ideal of a lost paradise, drawn by Oblomov, and labor as "an image, content, element and purpose of life.")

(Physical education)

An introduction to the meaning of life.

Stills from the film "A few days from the life of I. I. Oblomov" ( second monologue. Oblomov's confession, p. 166. "Do you know, Andrey ...")

In what setting does the conversation take place?

What is I. Oblomov talking about?

How did each of the heroes come to light in the dispute?

f) Views on life

Oblomov

“Life: life is good!” - says Oblomov, - “What is there to look for? interests of the mind, the heart? Look where the center around which all this revolves: there is no him, there is nothing deep that touches the living. All these are dead people, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society! ... Do they not sleep sitting all their lives? Why am I more to blame than them, lying at home and not infecting the head with threes and jacks? "

Stolz.

g) Purpose of life

Live your life happily; so that she "does not touch". (Oblomov)

“Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine.” (Stolz)

g) Perception of life

Oblomov wants to do whatever the soul and heart desires, even if the mind is against; never bother. (Oblomov)

Stolz wants to have “a simple, that is, a direct, real outlook on life - that was his constant task ...”, “Above all, he put perseverance in achieving goals ...”, “... will measure an abyss or a wall, and if there is no sure means to overcome, he will go away. "

- With which of the heroes and at what stage of the dispute are you ready to agree?

- Is there one answer to this question?

(In the course of the argument, the guys come to the conclusion that both principles have a right to exist.)

Teacher: In conversations (disputes) often the last word the author gives Stolz, but the feeling is created that he cannot argue with Oblomov. Why? He cannot even when the last word is his. Internally, we feel, we understand that Stolz cannot break Oblomov's resistance (recall the episode of the night dinner, when Stolz surrenders and sits down with Oblomov and Zakhar, there are stills from the film.).

Whose philosophy is positive and constructive?

Compare the character of Stolz with the character of Oblomov:

Oblomov

Stolz

Peace (apathy)

"... he is incessantly in motion ..."

Sleep (inaction)

"equilibrium practical aspects with the subtle needs of the spirit "

Dream - "shell, self-deception"

"He was afraid of every dream ... he wanted to see the ideal of being and aspirations of a person in a strict understanding and direction of life"

Fear of Circumstances

"He attributed the cause of all sufferingyourself "

The aimlessness of existence

“I prioritized persistence in achieving goals” (Stolz)

Labor is a punishment

"Labor is an image, element, content, purpose of life" (Stolz)

Make a conclusion that , at what levels, in what details is revealed

- Isn't Stolz too positive in his views?

Or maybe Oblomov is right: people meaning seekers v high life- the dead, such a life is useless vanity. Why is he lying on the couch worse ?!

Is the poetic perception of Oblomov's life the refinement of the hero's soul, "subtle poetic nature" or a way to hide from reality?

The strength and weakness of the characters of Oblomov and Stolz: a hero and circumstances, a false and positive meaning of existence?

Outcome:

- Whose position do you consider acceptable for yourself?

(Argument. What value attitudes(which of the heroes) will you take in your life baggage?)

- How did our heroes turn out to be in love? Have you passed the test of love or not?

Student responses:

Oblomov and Stolz

Oblomov gave up love. He chose rest. “Life is poetry. People are free to distort it. " He was frightened, he needs not equal love, but mother's love (the kind that Agafya Pshenitsyna gave him).

Stolz he loved not with his heart, but with his mind “I developed the conviction that love, with the power of the Archimedean lever, moves the world; that it contains as much universal, irrefutable truth and good as lies and ugliness in its misunderstanding and abuse. " He needs a woman equal in views and strength (Olga Ilyinskaya). I am glad that I met her abroad, glad that she listens to him and does not even notice that sometimes she does not understand Olga's sadness.

- How do we observe our heroes in friendship and in relation to others?

(Student responses: Oblomov and Stolz)

h) Friendship

- Based on what has been said, we will give a description of Oblomov and Stolz.

Characteristics of heroes:

Oblomov and Stolz

1. Oblomov. The kind, lazy person is most worried about his own peace. For him, happiness is complete peace and good food. He spends his life on the sofa, without taking off his comfortable robe, does nothing, is not interested in anything, loves to withdraw into himself and live in the world of dreams and dreams he created, the amazing childish purity of his soul and introspection, worthy of a philosopher, the embodiment of gentleness and meekness.

2. Stolz ... Strong and smart, he is in constant activity and does not shy away from the darkest work, thanks to his hard work, willpower, patience and enterprise, he became a rich and famous person. A real "iron" character has formed, but in some way it resembles a machine, a robot, so clearly programmed, verified and calculated his whole life is a dryish rationalist in front of us.

Answer to problematic issue: Oblomov and Stolz - doubles or antipodes? (words of the student).

V Summarizing.

Yes, Goncharov wanted to oppose the inactive Oblomov with the practical and businesslike Stolz, who, in his opinion, was supposed to break the “Oblomovism” and revive the hero. But the novel has a different ending. It is at the end of the work that the author's attitude to the hero is manifested.

- Let's remember where the heroes of the novel come to?

Oblomov dies, leaving his son behind.

Pshenitsyna is ready to do everything for Oblomov's sake and even gives her son to be raised by her brother, considering it a blessing for her son.

Olga is very bad (Oblomov is missing), there is no love, and without her life has no meaning.

Andrei Stolts is also devastated, he feels bad without a friend, Oblomov was a "heart of gold" for him.

So, all the heroes as a result came to the same "Oblomovism"!

Teacher: Guys! Prepare yourself now for further adulthood independent life... Take energy, intelligence, determination, strength of character, prudence, will in your life baggage from Stolz, but do not forget about your soul, taking from Ilya Oblomov kindness, honesty, tenderness, romance. And remember the words of N.V. Gogol “Take with you on the way, leaving the soft youthful years into stern, bitter courage, take away all human movements, do not leave them on the road, do not pick them up later! "

VI . Homework :

Roman I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov":

Individual assignments:

1 .. The story about O. Ilyinskaya (chapter 5)

2. Development of relations between Oblomov and Olga (Ch. 6-12)

3. Image of Pshenitsyna (part 3), new flat on the Vyborg side near Pshenitsyna.

Evaluations

Oblomov and Stolz).

Comparative characteristics

Oblomov

Stolz

Appearance

"... about thirty-two or three years of age, average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes, but with the absence of any definite idea ... an even light of carelessness glimmered in my whole face"

the same age as Oblomov, “thin, he has almost no cheeks at all, ... his complexion is even, dark-skinned and no blush; although a little greenish eyes, but expressive "

Origin

from a wealthy noble family with patriarchal traditions. his parents, like grandfathers, did nothing: serfs worked for them. A truly Russian man, a nobleman.

…from a poor family: father (Russified German) was the manager of a rich estate, mother was an impoverished Russian noblewoman

Upbringing

his parents accustomed him to idleness and peace (they did not allow him to pick up the dropped thing, dress, pour himself water) labor in the dumping was a punishment, it was believed that he had the stigma of slavery. in the family there was a cult of food, and after eating - a deep sleep.

his father gave him the upbringing that he received from his father: he taught all the practical sciences, forced him to work early, and sent his son, who had graduated from the university, away from him. his father taught him that the main thing in life is money, strictness and accuracy.

Education

…studied in a small boarding school, located five miles from Oblomovka, in the village of Verkhlev. Both graduated from the University of Moscow

Pledged program

… vegetation and sleep - a passive beginning

From the age of eight he sat with his father at a geographical map, sorted out biblical verses in the warehouses of Herder, Wieland, and summed up the illiterate accounts of peasants, bourgeois and factory workers, and with his mother he read sacred history, taught Krylov's fables and dismantled Telemak in the warehouses.

… energy and vigorous activity - an active principle.

Outlook on life

“Life: life is good!” - says Oblomov, - “What is there to look for? interests of the mind, the heart? Look where the center around which all this revolves: there is no him, there is nothing deep that touches the living. All these are dead people, sleeping people, worse than me, these members of the world and society! ... Do they not sleep sitting all their lives? Why am I more to blame than them, lying at home and not infecting the head with threes and jacks? "

Stolz learns life, asks her: “What to do? Where to go next? "And it goes! Without Oblomov ...

The purpose of life

Live your life happily; so that she "does not touch".

"Labor is the image, content, element and purpose of life, at least mine."

friendship

There are acquaintances, but there is not a single real friend, except for Stolz.

Stolz always and everywhere had many friends - people were drawn to him. But he felt closeness only to people-personalities, sincere and decent.

Perception of life

The hesitant one - from “a pleasant gift for pleasure” to “sticks like bully: it will pinch stealthily, then suddenly it will come straight from the forehead and sprinkle it with sand ... no urine!”

Oblomov wants to do whatever the soul and heart desires, even if the mind is against; never bother.

Life is happiness in work; life without work is not life; "..." life touches! " "And thank God!" - said Stolz. "

Stolz wants to have “a simple, that is, a direct, real outlook on life - that was his constant task ...”, “Above all, he put perseverance in achieving goals ...”, “... will measure an abyss or a wall, and if there is no sure means to overcome, he will go away. "

Love test

he needs love not equal but maternal (the kind that Agafya Pshenitsyna gave him)

he needs a woman equal in views and strength (Olga Ilyinskaya)

Comparative characteristics

Oblomov

Stolz

Appearance

Origin

Upbringing

Education

Pledged program

Outlook on life

The purpose of life

friendship

Perception of life

Love test

Annex 1

Comparative characteristics of Oblomov and Stolz

I.A. Goncharov, in his novel, touches upon a very relevant topic of the opposition of labor and laziness, which for centuries has remained the most discussed and controversial. In our time, this topic is very problematic, since in our modern society there is a progress in technology and people stop working, laziness develops into the meaning of life.

The heroes of the novel Oblomov and Stolz are friends with early childhood... Their acquaintance takes place while studying in the house of Stolz's father, who taught the basics of the most important sciences.

Ilya Oblomov comes from a noble family, from early childhood little Ilya is cared for and cherished. Parents and nannies forbid him to show any independent activity. Seeing this to himself, Ilya immediately realized that he could do nothing, since other people would do it all for him. His training took place in the Stolz house, he did not particularly want to study, and his parents indulged him in this. This is how Oblomov's entire youth passed. Adult life was no different from childhood and adolescence, Oblomov continues to lead a calm and lazy lifestyle. His passivity and indolence affect Everyday life... He woke up for dinner, slowly climbed out of bed, lazily ate food and was not interested in any business. Laziness, inherent in childhood, did not give Oblomov the slightest chance to strive for science, for knowledge of the world around him. Despite all this, his imagination was very well developed, since due to idleness, Oblomov's imaginary world was very rich. Oblomov was also a very gullible person, and the main whom Ilya trusted was Andrei Stolts. Schtolz is the complete opposite of Oblomov. From early childhood, Andrei was accustomed to order, to work. His parents raised him strictly, but justly. His father, a German by nationality, instilled in Andrey accuracy, hard work and punctuality. WITH young years Andrey carried out various assignments of his father, tempering his character. He studied with Ilya, with his father, unlike Oblomov, Andrei was good at science, and he studied them with curiosity. Stolz's transition from childhood to adulthood happened very early, so Andrei was a very active person. He strove for constant replenishment of knowledge, because “learning is light, and ignorance is darkness. He had a sober and practical view of the events taking place, he never did anything hastily without deliberation. this issue which he needed to solve. Prudence and punctuality laid down from childhood found a place for themselves in adult life Stolz. Mobility and energy contributed to him in any endeavors. Considering life positions Oblomov and Stolz in relation to Olga Ilyinskaya, the following conclusions can be drawn: Oblomov, living in his own world - "Oblomovshchina", was a romantic who took a long time to decide on concrete steps in real life... Their acquaintance with Olga Ilyinskaya is due to Stolz. Their relationship from the very beginning was not strong. Olga, knowing a lot about Oblomov from the stories of Stolz, tries to bring Oblomov back to life by means of her love, but she fails to do this and Oblomovshchina wins. The relationship between Olga and Andrei develops by themselves throughout life, "she laughs at his jokes, and he listens with pleasure to her singing." They had a lot in common, but the most important thing was that they strived for life, this contributed to their rapprochement and the formation of a family.

Be that as it may, the fates of both heroes are relatively successful. Stolz finds his happiness with Olga, and Oblomov finds his Oblomovka in a house on the Vyborg side and lives out his life there with the woman he always dreamed of. This denouement shows that the author's position in relation to both of his characters is positive.

After reading the novel by I.A. Goncharova "Oblomov", I am inclined to think that the events described in this work can be applicable to our time, since in modern society there are many people like Stolz and Oblomov. And their confrontation will be eternal.