"What is an ideal family in understanding L. Tolstoy on the novel" War and Peace "? An ideal family in understanding L.N
The main thought in the novel L. N. Tolstoy "War and the World", along with the thought of people, "is the" Family Thought ". The writer believed that the family is the basis of the whole society, and they reflect those processes that occur in society.
The novel shows the heroes that pass a certain path of ideological and spiritual development, by samples and mistakes they try to find their place in life, realize their purpose. These heroes are shown against the background of sextual relationships. So, in front of us are the families of Rostov and Blocks. Tolstoy portrayed in his novel the entire Russian nation from above DONAZU, showing that the top of the nation is dead spiritually, losing contact with the people. This process it shows on the example of the prince of Prince Vasily Kuragin and his children, for whom the expression of all negative qualities inherent in the world is characterized by the utmost selfishness, lowland interests, lack of sincere feelings.
All the heroes of the novel are bright individuality, but the members of one family have a certain overall, uniting all the traits.
So, the main feature of the Bolkonsky family can be called the desire to follow the laws of the mind. No one of them, except, perhaps, Princess Mary, not peculiar to open manifestation of their feelings. In the image of the head of the family, the old-prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky, the best features of the ancient Russian nobility are embodied. He is a representative of an ancient aristocratic surname, in his character, bizarrely combine the morals of power velmes, in front of which all their home tremble, ranging from the servants and ending with their own daughter, the aristocrat, proud of his long pedigree, the traits of a man of great mind and simple habits. In times, when no one demanded a manifestation of some special knowledge from women, he teaches his daughter geometry and algebra, motivating it like this: "And so that you look like our stupid ladies, I do not want." He engaged in the formation of his daughter to develop the main virtues in it, which, in his opinion, were "activity and mind".
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In his son, Prince Andrei, also embodied the best features of the nobility, advanced noble youth. Prince Andrei has his own way to understand the real life. And he will pass through delusion, but his errorless moral flair will help him get rid of false ideals. So, . Napoleon and Speransky's consciousness and Speashov, and in his life will be entered by love for Natasha, such a not similar to all the other ladies of higher world, the main features of which, in his opinion and the opinion of his father, are "egoism, vanity, nothingness in everything" . Natasha will become the personification of real life, opposing the false light. Her betrayal is equivalent to his cruise of the ideal. Just like his father, Prince Andrey Intramit to ordinary human weaknesses, who have his wife, the most ordinary woman, sisters looking for some special truth in "God's people", and many other people with whom he faces in Life.
A kind of exception to the Bolkonsky family is Princess Marya. She lives only for the sake of self-sacrifice, which is erected into a moral principle that determines all her life. She is ready to give all of themselves to others, suppressing personal desires. The submission of his fate, all the pleasures of their powerful father, who loves her in his own way, religiously combine in it with the thirst for simple, human happiness. Her submission is the result of a peculiar sense of the debt of his daughter who does not have the moral right to judge his father, as she says Mademoiselle Brying: "I will not allow myself to judge him and won't want, so that others did it." But nevertheless, when self-esteem requires, it can show the necessary hardness. This with a special force is found when it is offended by her sense of patriotism, distinguishing all Blocks. However, she can sacrifice with its pride if necessary to save another person. So, she asks for forgiveness, although it is not to blame for himself, at his companion for himself and a serf servant, on whom the anger of her father fell.
Another family depicted in the novel, in some ways opposed to the family of Bolkonsky. This is a family of growth. If Bolkonoe strives to follow the arguments of the mind, the Rostov is obeying the voice of feelings. Natasha is not a little guided by the requirements of decency, it is immediately, there is a lot of child features, which is highly appreciated by the author. He emphasizes many times that Natasha Nakraciva, unlike Helen Kuragin. For him, it is not an external beauty of a person, but its internal qualities.
In the behavior of all members of this family, high nobility of feelings, kindness, rare generosity, naturalness, proximity to people, moral purity and integrity are manifested. Local nobility, unlike the highest Petersburg nobility, is true to national traditions. No wonder Natasha, dancing at Uncle after the hunt, "I knew how to understand everything that was in Anice, and in the father of Anice, and in aunt, and in the mother, and in every Russian man."
Thick great importance is attached to related links, union of the whole family. Although the genus Bunconsikh must connect with the genus Rostric through the marriage of Prince Andrei and Natasha, her mother cannot accept this, can't accept Andrei in the family, "she wanted to love him like a son, but he felt that he was a stranger and terrible for her human". Families cannot communicate through Natasha and Andrei, but are connected through the marriage of the Princess Mary with Nikolai Rostov. This marriage is successful, he saves growth from ruin.
The Romana also shows the Kuragin family: Prince of Vasily and the Three of his children: the soulless doll, Helen, the "late fool" Ippolit and "Restless Fool" Anatole. Prince Vasily is a calculating and cold intrigue and ambition, who claims the inheritance of Cyril Bezu-Khov, not having direct right. With his children, he is connected only by blood bonds and community of interests: they are important only welfare and position in society.
Daughter Prince Vasily - Helen - a typical secular beauty with impeccable manners and reputation. She strives for all with her beauty, which several times says "marble", that is, cold beauty, devoid of feelings and souls, the beauty of the statue. The only thing that helen is occupied is her salon and secular techniques.
The sons of Prince Vasily, in his opinion, both "fools". Father managed to attach a hippolit on the diplomatic service, and his fate is considered to be arranged. Buyan and Halp Anatole causes all the troubles around much, and, in order to calm him, Prince Vasily wants to marry him in the rich heiress Princess Mary. This marriage can not take place due to the fact that the princess of Marya does not want to part with his father, and Anatol with new forces is indulging in the same fun.
Thus, people between who are not only blood, but also spiritual relationship, unite in families. The vintage rod of Bolkonsky is not interrupted with the death of Prince Andrei, Nicollenka Bolkonsky remains, which is likely to continue the tradition of moral searches for his father and grandfather. Marya Bolkonskaya contributes to the family of growth high spirituality. So, the "Family Thought", along with the "People's Thought", is the main thing in the Roman L. Tolstoy "War and Peace". Family at Tolstoy is exposed to a study in turning points of history. Showing the most fully three families in the novel, the writer makes it clear to the reader that the future for families such as the families of Rostov and Bolkonsky, which embody the sincerity of feelings and high spirituality, whose brightest representatives take each way of rapprochement with the people.
"War and Peace" is one of the best works of Russian and world literature. In it, the author historically faithfully recreated the life of Russian people at the beginning of the XIX century. The writer describes in detail the events of 1805-107 and 1812. Despite the fact that the "Family Thought" is the main thing in the novel "Anna Karenina", in the Roman-Epopea "War and Peace" she also occupies a very important place. Tolstoy saw in the family began all the beginning. As you know, a person is not born a good or bad, and such a family and that atmosphere, which prevails inside it. The author brilliantly outlined many characters in the novel, showed their formation and development, which is called the "soul dialectics". Tolstoy, paying great attention to the origins of the personality of a person, has similarities with Goncharov. The hero of the novel "Oblomov" was not born apathetic and lazy, and she made his life in his crushing, where 300 Zakharov were ready to fulfill any of his desire.
Following the traditions of realism, the author wanted to show, and also to compare among himself various families that are typical for their era. In this comparison, the author often uses the reception of antithesis: some families are shown in development, while others are frozen. The latter refers to the Kuragin family. Tolstoy, showing all her members, whether helen or Prince Vasily, pays great attention to the portrait, appearance. It is not by chance: the external beauty of the Kuragin replace the spiritual one. In this family there are many human vices. So, the meanness and hypocrisy of Prince Vasily is found in his attitude towards the inexperienced Pierre, which he despises as illegitimate. As soon as Pierre receives the inheritance from the deceased Crafa Bezuhova, the opinion about him completely changes, and Prince Vasily begins to see in Pierre a great pair for his daughter Helen. Such a turn of events is explained by the low and cruel-loving interests of Prince Vasily and his daughter. Helen, agreeing to marriage by calculation, detects its moral lowness. Her relations with Pierre is difficult to call family, spouses all the time in separation. In addition, Helen rises the desire of Pierre to have children: she does not want to burden themselves with extreme concerns. Children, in her understanding, is a burden that hinders living. Such a low moral drop Tolstoy considered the most terrible for a woman. He wrote that the main purpose of a woman is to become a good mother and raise decent children. The author shows all the uselessness and badness of the life of Helen. Without fulfilling his destination in this world, she dies. None of the Kuragin family leaves the heirs after himself.
The exact opposite of Kuragin is the family of Block. It feels the author's desire to show people of honor and debt, highly moral and complex characters.
Father of the family - Prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky, the man of Catherineian quenching, which makes honor and debt above other human values. It is most brightly manifested in the scene of farewell to the son - Prince Andrey Bolkonsky, leaving for war. The son does not bring his father, does not drop honor. Unlike many adjutants, he is not sitting in the headquarters, but is located on the front line, in the very center of hostilities. The author emphasizes his mind and nobility. After the death of his wife, Prince Andrei remained Nikolya. We may not doubt that he will be a worthy person and, like his father and grandfather, does not burn the honor of the old kind of Bolkonsky.
The daughter of the old prince Bolkonsky - Marya, a clean soul man, piquette, patient, kind. Father did not show his senses to her, as it was not in his rules. Marya understands all the whims of the prince, refers to them is badly, as he knows that the deceic love for her is harnessed in his soul. The author emphasizes in the nature of the princess Maryia sacrifice in the name of the other, a deep understanding of the subsidiary. The old prince, without having the opportunity to pour his love, closes in herself, doing sometimes severely. Princess Marya will not re-with him: decrease to understand another person, enter his position - here is one of the main features of her character. This feature often helps to keep the family, does not allow her to get enough.
Another antithesis of the Clana of Curagin - the family of growth, showing which, Tolstoy focuses on the qualities of people as kindness, spiritual openness inside the family, breadcrumb, moral purity, unspoance, approaching folk life. Many people stretch to Rostov, many people sympathize. Unlike Bolkonsky, the atmosphere of trust and mutual understanding often reigns inside the growth of growth. Maybe it does not always happen in reality, but Tolstoy wanted to idealize openness, show its necessity between all family members. Each member of the family of growth is individuality.
Nikolay, the eldest son of growth, - a man brave, disinterested, he loves his parents hot, sisters. Tolstoy notes that Nikolai does not hide his feelings and desires from the family who overflow. Vera, the eldest daughter of growth, is noticeably different from other family members. She rose someone else's in his family, closed and evil. The old Graph says that the Countess "Something with her namudril." Showing the Countess, Tolstoy focuses on this feature, like egoism. Countess thinks exclusively about his family and wishes to see his children happy by all means, even if their happiness is built on the misfortunes of other people. Tolstoy showed in it the ideal of mother female, which worries only for his young. This is most brightly manifested in the family of departure from Moscow during a fire. Natasha, having a good soul and the heart, helps the wounded to leave Moscow, giving them the veil, and leaves all the accumulated wealth and belongings in the city, as this is a hiring business. She makes a choice between her well-being and the lives of other people. Countess not without hesitation agrees to such a sacrifice. Here he breaks blind Maternal instinct.
At the end of the novel, the author shows us the formation of two families: Nikolai Rostov and the Princess Mary of Bolkonskaya, Pierre Proghov and Natasha Rostova. And Princess, and Natasha, each in its own way, morally high and noble. They were both suffering and finally gained their happiness in family life, became keepers of a family hearth. As Dostoevsky wrote: "A person will be born not for happiness and deserves his suffering." These two heroines unites one thing: they will be able to become beautiful mothers, they will be able to raise a decent generation that, in the author's opinion, is the main thing in the life of a woman, and the thick of this forgives them some disadvantages inherent in ordinary people.
As a result, we see that the "Family Thought" is one of the fundamental in the novel. Tolstoy shows not only individuals, but also families, shows the complexity of relationships both within one family and between families.
"War and Peace" - the Russian national epic, which found a reflection of the national nature of the Russian people at the moment when his historical fate was solved. L. N. Tolstoy worked over novel for almost six years: from 1863 to 1869. From the very beginning of work on the work of the writer, not only historical events were attracted, but also the private, family life of heroes. Tolstoy believed that the family is a world cell in which the spirit of mutual understanding, naturalness and proximity to the people should reign.
In the novel "War and Peace" describes the lives of several noble families: Rostov, Bolkonsky and Kuragic.
The family of growth is the perfect harmonious integer, where the heart prevails over the mind. Love binds all family members. It manifests itself in sensitivity, attention, cardiac proximity. Rostic all sincerely comes from the soul. Greeting, hospitality, hospitality, preserved traditions and customs of Russian life are preserved in this family.
Parents raised their children, giving them all their love, they can understand, forgive and help. For example, when Nicholenka Rostov lost to Dolohov a huge amount of money, he did not hear a word of reproach from his father and was able to pay card debt.
Children of this family have absorbed all the best qualities of the "Rostov breed". Natasha - the personification of cardiac sensitivity, poeticity, musicality and intuitiveness. She knows how to childishly enjoy life and people.
The life of the heart, honesty, naturalness, moral purity and decency determine their relationship in the family and behavior in the circle of people.
Unlike growth, Bolkonsky live a mind, not a heart. This is an old aristocratic genus. In addition to the blood, the members of this family also binds spiritual proximity.
At first glance, the relationship in this family is difficult, deprived of heartiness. However, internally these people are close to each other. They are not inclined to manifest their feelings.
The old prince Bolkonsky embodies the best features of the servant (the nobility, devoted to the one who "sworn". The concept of honor and debt of the officer was in the first place. He served under Catherine II, participated in Suvorov's campaigns. He considered the Mind and Activity , and vices - laziness and idleness. Life of Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky - Continuing activities. He either writes memoirs about past campaigns, or manages the estate. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky very respects and honor his father, who was able to raise a high concept about honor. "Your The road is expenble, "he says to his son. And Prince Andrei is fulfilling the father and during the 1806 campaign, in Shenagraben and Austerlitsky battles, and during the war of 1812.
Marya Bolkonskaya loves his father and brother. She is ready to give all of himself for their relatives to her. Princess Marya completely obeys the will of the Father. His word for her is the law. At first glance, it seems weak and indecisive, but at the right moment it shows the firmness of the will and strength of the Spirit.
And Rostov, and Bologkoe - patriots, their feelings were especially brightly manifested during the Patriotic War of 1812. They express the People's Spirit of War. Prince Nikolai Andreevich dies, because his heart could not stand the shame of the retreat of the Russian troops and passing Smolensk. Marya Bologna rejects the proposal of the French General about the patronage and leaves Bogucharova. Rostov gives their veins wounded on the Borodino field to soldiers and pay the most expensive - Petit's death.
The novel shows another family. These are Kuragin. Members of this family appear in front of us in all their insignificance, vulgarity, silence, korestolubia, immorality. They use people to achieve their selfish goals. Family is deprived of spirituality. For Helen and Anatol, the main thing in life is to satisfy your low-lying desires, they are completely tearned from a folk life, live in a brilliant, but cold light, where all the feelings are perverted. During the war, they lead all the same salon life, arguing about patriotism.
In the epilogue of the novel shown two more families. This is a family of bellows (Pierre Aia Natasha), which embodied the author's ideal family, based on mutual understanding and trust, and the family of growth - Maryia and Nicholas. Marya introduced in the family of growth kindness and tenderness, high spirituality, and Nicholas manifests peace of mind in relations with the most close people.
Showing various families in his novel, Tolstoy wanted to say that the future for families such as Rostov, Bezukhov, Bolkonoe.
Introduction
Lion Tolstoy is one of the greatest prosaikov of the 19th century, the "golden century" of Russian literature. His works for two centuries have been reading all over the world, because these strikingly lively and bright verbal canvas are not just occupied by the reader, but make you think about many important issues for a person - and give answers to some of them. A bright example is the top of the writer's creativity, the Roman-epic "War and Peace", in which Tolstoy affects the themes burning for every thought. The family theme in the novel "War and the World" of Tolstoy is very important, as for the author himself. That is why the heroes of Tolstoy are practically not alone.
In the text, the entire device and the relationship between the three completely different families are revealed: Rostov, Bologkoe and Kuragic - of which the first two for the most part correspond to the opinion of the author himself on this issue.
Rostov, or the Great Power of Love
The head of the large family of Rostov, Ilya Andreevich is a Moscow nobleman, a person is very kind, generous and gullible, adores his wife and children. In view of the extreme spiritual simplicity, he does not know how to conduct the economy, so the family is on the verge of ruin. But the Rostov Sr. cannot deny anything to the households: leads a luxurious life, pays for the debts of the Son.
Rostov are very kind, always ready to come to the rescue, sincerely and responsive, so they have a lot of friends. It is not surprising that it was in this family that the real patriot of the motherland Petya Rostov grew up. The family of growth is completely not inherent in authority: here children respect their parents, and parents are children. That is why Natasha was able to persuade parents to take out of deposited Moscow not valuable things, but wounded soldiers. Rostov preferred to remain without a penny in his pocket, and not to change the laws of honor, conscience and compassion. In the images of the family of growth Tolstoy embodied his own ideas about the ideal generic nest, about the unrealized relationship of the real Russian family. Is it not the best illustration that can show how big the role of the family in the "War and the World"?
"Fruit" of such love, such a highly oral upbringing is beautiful - this is Natasha Rostov. She absorbed the best qualities of the parents: from the father took the kindness and latitude of nature, the desire to instill the whole world, and from the mother - caringness and economicism. One of Natasha's most important qualities is natural. She is not able to play a role, live in secular laws, its behavior does not depend on the opinions of others. This is a girl with a revealed soul, an extrovert that is capable of entirely and completely surrender to all people in general and to its second half. She is a woman's ideal from the point of view of Tolstoy. And this ideal brought up the perfect family.
Another representative of the younger generation of the family of growth, Nikolai is not distinguished by neither the depth of mind, nor the latitude of the soul, but this is a simple, honest and decent young man.
"Ugly Duckling" of the family of growth, faith, chose a completely different way for himself - the path of egoism. Coming out married Berg, she created a family, not similar to the growth, nor in Block. This cell of society is based on the external gloss and the thirst for enrichment. Such a family, according to Tolstoy, cannot become the foundation of society. Why? Because there is nothing spiritual in such respects. This is the path of separation and degradation leading to nowhere.
Bologkoe: debt, honor and mind
The Block's family, serving nobles, is somewhat different. Each of the members of this kind is a remarkable personality, talented, solid and spiritualized. This is a family of strong people. The head of the family, Prince Nikolai, is a man of extremely sharp and non-expectant nature, but not cruel. Therefore, even their own children are respected and afraid. Most of the old prince appreciates smart and active people, and therefore trying to raise such qualities in daughter. Andrei Bolkonsky from his father got nobility, the acuity of the mind, pride and independence. Son and Father Bologkoe - Diversedly educated, smart and strong spirit people. Andrei is one of the most difficult characters of the novel. From the first head of the epic and until the end of his life, this person passes the most complicated spiritual evolution, trying to comprehend the meaning of life and find his calling. The family theme in the "war and the world" is completely revealed at the end of the life of Andrei, when he still understands that only a family man, surrounded by expensive hearts, can become happy.
Andrei's sister, Princess Mary Bolkonskaya, is shown in the novel as absolutely whole physically, psychologically and morally man. A girl who is not distinguished by physical beauty lives in constant waiting for quiet family happiness. It is filled with love and care boat, waiting for patient and skilled captain. This intelligent, romantic and extremely religious girl submracts all the rudeness of his father, without ceasing to love him very much and sincerely.
This way, the younger generation of the Bolkonsky family inherited all the best qualities of the old prince, leaving only his rudeness, authority and intolerance. Therefore, Andrei and Maria are able to truly love people, which means that they are able to develop as individuals, climbing the spiritual staircase - to the ideal, to the light, to God. Therefore, the war and the world of the Bolkonsky family are so complicated to understand most of their contemporaries, so neither Maria nor Andrei love secular life.
Kuragin, or abrasion of empty egoism
The family of Kuragic is exactly opposite to the two previous birth. The head of the family, Prince Vasily, for the outer gloss hides the rotten nature of the greed, through the fake Grubian. For him, the main thing is money and social situation. His children, Helen, Anatole and Hippolyte, are not inferior to the father: externally attractive, superficially smart and successful young people in society in practice - empty, though beautiful, vessels. For their own egoism and thirst for profit, they do not see the spiritual world - or they do not want to see. In general, the Kuragin family is nasty toads, dressed in lace and jewel-free; They are sitting in a dirty swamp and pretty squaby, without seeing a beautiful endless sky above their heads. For Tolstoy, this family is the personification of the world of "secular mobile", which the author himself despised all the soul.
conclusions
Finishing the composition of the "family theme in the novel war and the world", I want to note that this topic is one of the main in the text. This thread permeates the fate of almost all the heroes of the work. The reader may in action observe the causal relationship between education, the atmosphere in the parent house, the further fate of the matured person - and the influence of him on the world.
Test on the work
Plan-abstract literature lesson. Topic: Family thought in Roman L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
purpose: On the example of families of Rostov, Bolkon and Kuragin, to identify the ideal of the family in understanding L.N. Tolstoy.Tasks:
1. Know the text of the novel "War and Peace", the Tolstsky ideal of the patriarchal family.
2. To be able to compare the material and draw conclusions,
Tining material close to the text.
3. Rise in students a sense of respect for family values.
Theoretical occupation
Equipment: writing on the board, portrait of a writer, multimedia material.
During the classes.
1. Orgmant. (5 minutes)
2. Teacher's word. (7 min.)
The family is one of the most important topics in the Russian literature of the 60-70s of the 19th century. The family chronicle writes Saltykov-Shchedrin, the fate of the random family is assessed by F.M.Dostoevsky, and Tolstoy - "Family thought.
Thus, the purpose of our lesson: on the example of a comparison of families of growth, Bologna and Kuragin, to identify the ideal of the family in understanding L.N. Tolstoy.
The world of the family is the most important "component" of the novel. Tolstoy traces the fate of entire families. His heroes are associated related, friendly, love relationships; Often they are separated by mutual hostility, enmity.
On the pages of "War and Peace" we get acquainted with family nests of the main characters: Rostov, Kuragic, Bolonski. The family idea finds its highest embodiment in the text of life, the general atmosphere, in relations between the close people of these families.
You, I hope, reading the pages of the novel, visited these families. And we have to figure out today, what family for Tolstoy - the ideal, what family life he considers "real."
The epigraph to the lesson will take the words V. Zenkovsky: "Family life has three sides: biological, social and spiritual. If any one side is arranged, and other parties are either directly absent or are in launch, then the family crisis is inevitable. "
So, we will dwell on the family of Graph Rostov.
Film (5 min)
Count Rostov (student's performance 5 min.): We are simple people, we do not know how to preserve or multiply. I am always happy to guests. The wife even complains sometimes: they say, the visits tortured. And I love everyone, I have everything cute. We have a big friendly family, I have always dreamed of such, the whole soul is tied to his wife and children. In our family, it is not customary to hide feelings: if sad - we are crying, joyfully laugh. I want to dance - please.
Rostov Countess (student performance 5 min.): I want to add to the words of a husband that in our family there is one main feature that connects everyone together, love. Love and trust, because "Zorko is one heart." We are all attentive to each other.
Natasha: (Student's performance 5 min.) And I can also say. We have the same names with Mama. We all love her very much, she is our moral ideal. Our parents were able to raise their sincerity and naturalness. I am very grateful to them for being always ready to understand, forgive, help in the most difficult moments of life. And there will be a lot of such situations. Mama is my best girlfriend, I can not fall asleep until she behaves all his secrets and excitement.
(Student's speech 7 min) The world of growth is the world whose norms are approved for their simplicity and naturalness, purity and cordiality; Causes the admiration and patriotism of the "Rostov breed".
Mistress at home, Countess Natalya Rostov - Head of the family, wife and mother 12 children. We note the scene of receiving guests - "Congratulations" - Count Ilya Rostov, who, without exception, "as above and below his standing people" said: "Very, very much grateful to you for yourself and for dear birthdays." The count says with guests more often in Russian, "sometimes on a very bad, but self-confident French." The conventions of the secular tact, secular news - all this is observed in conversations with guests. These details suggest that Rostov is the people of their time and their class and carry his traits. And in this secular situation, like the "ray of the Sun", the young generation breaks. Even jokes in growth are clean, touching and naive.
So, in the family of growth simplicity and guilty, naturalness of behavior, cordiality, mutual love in the family, nobility and sensitivity, proximity in the language and customs to the people and at the same time compliance with the secular lifestyle and secular conventions, beyond which, however, do not stand Calculation and care. So in the storyline of the family of growth Tolstoy reflects the "life and activities of the local nobility". We appeared to a variety of psychological types: good-natured, the bomber slack of the graph of Rostov, gently loving his children's countess, reasonable faith, charming Natasha; sincere Nikolai. Unlike Sheron Shannel The atmosphere of fun, joy, happiness, sincere care for the fate of the Motherland reigns in the house.
L.N. Tolstoy stands at the origins of the People's Philosophy and adheres to a folk point of view on a family - with its patriarchal affair, the authority of parents, their care for children. The spiritual community of all family members is the author indicates a word - Rostov, and the proximity of the mother and daughter emphasizes with one name - Natalia. Mother - Synonym for the world of the family in Tolstoy, that natural challenge, which will be checked by the children of Rostic: Natasha, Nikolai, Petya. They will unite the important quality laid down in the family by parents: sincerity, naturalness, simplicity. Openness of the soul, pleased - their main property. From here, from the house, this ability of growth to attract people, talent to understand someone else's soul, the ability to worry, sympathize. And all this on the verge of self-denial. Rostovs do not know how to feel "slightly", "half," they are completely given to the feeling that took their soul.
Tolstoy it was important through the fate of Natasha Rostova to show that all her talents are implemented in the family. Natasha - Mother will be able to bring up in his children and love for music, and the ability to the most sincere friendship and love; She will teach children the most important thing in the life of the talent - the talent to love selflessly, forgetting sometimes about himself; And this study will be not in the form of notations, but in the form of daily communication of children with very kind, honest, sincere and true people: Mother and Father. And this is the real happiness of the family, because each of us dreams of the most good and fair man next to you. Pierre this dream came true ...
How often it consumes the thick word "family", "family" to designate the house of growth! What warm light and comfort fows from this, so familiar and good the word! For this word - peace, consent, love.
Name and write down those main features of the Rostov family. (3 min)
View of the notebook:
Rostov: love, trust, sincerity, openness, moral rod, ability to forgive, heart life
Now we characterize the family of Bolkon.
Film (5 min)
Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky: (Student's performance 5 min) I have firmly established views on the family. I passed a harsh military school and I believe that there are two sources of human defects: idleness and superstition, and only two virtues: activity and mind. I was always engaged in raising my daughter to develop these virtues, gave the lessons of algebra and geometry. The main condition of life is order. I do not deny, I am sometimes cutting, it is too demanding, sometimes exciting fear to himself, respectfully, and how else. I honestly served my homeland and would not suffer treason. And if it were my son, me, an old man, it would doubly hurt. I handed my children patriotism and pride.
Princess Marya: (Student's performance 5 min.) I, of course, Robe in front of the Father and I am a little afraid of him. I live, mostly reason. I never show my feelings. True, they say that my eyes are treacherously give away excitement or love. It was especially noticeable after acquaintance with Nikolai. In my opinion, relatives with the growth of us the overall feeling of love for the Motherland. At a minute of danger, we are ready to sacrifice everyone. We will be brought up in our children pride, courage, spirit hardness, and more kindness and love. I will demand themselves as my father was demanding to me.
Prince Andrei (Student's performance 5 min): I tried not to bring my father. He managed to raise a high concept of honor and debt in me. Sometime dreamed of personal glory, but did not achieve it. In Shengraban battle, I looked at a lot with different eyes. I especially insulted the behavior of our command for the real hero of the battle to Captain Tushina. After Austerlitz revised his world, in many respects disappointed. Natasha "breathed in me" in me, but, unfortunately, it was not possible to become her husband. If we had a family, I would bring goodness, honesty, decency, love for my homeland in my children.
(Student's speech 5 min) Distinctive features of Bolkonsky - spirituality, mind, independence, nobility, high ideas about honor, debt. The old prince, in the past, Ekaterininskoye noble, friend Kutuzov is a state person. He serving Catherine, served Russia. Not wanting to adapt to a new time, which required not to serve, but to serve, he voluntarily sharpened himself in the estate. However, both is supposed, he did not cease to be interested in politics. Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky tirelessly cares about the children to develop their abilities, they knew how to work and wanted to learn. The old prince did the upbringing and training of children himself, not trusting and without rearring it to anyone. He does not trust anyone not only the upbringing of his children, but even their fate. With which "external tranquility and inner malice" he consent to Andrei marriage with Natasha. And the year for testing the feelings of Andrei and Natasha is also an attempt to be as much as possible from randominess and misfortunes of the Son: "There was a son who is a pity to give the girl." The impossibility of separating with Prince Marya pushes him into the desperate actions, evil, bile: the bride will say daughter: "... there is nothing to disappear - and so bad." Watching Kuragin, he was insulted "for his daughter. The insult is the patient, because it was not related to him, to the daughter he loved more.
Nikolai Andreevich, proud of his son and the spiritual peace of his daughter, knows that in their family between Marya and Andrey not only complete mutual understanding, but also sincere friendship, based on the unity of views and thoughts. Relationships in this family are not built on the principle of equality, but they are also full of concerns and love, only hidden. Bologkoe are all very restrained. This is a sample of a genuine family. They are inherent in high spirituality, true beauty, pride, sacrifice and respect for other people's senses.
What are the house of Bolkonsky and the house of growth like? First of all, a sense of family, spiritual relationship of loved ones, patriarchal structures, hospitality. Both families are distinguished by the vast care of parents about children. Rostov and Bolkonsky children love more than themselves: Rostov - the elder does not tolerate her husband and younger petition; The old man lovers loves children passionately and precisely, even the rigor and demanding of him only from the desire of good children.
The life of the Bolkonsky family in the Bald Mountains in some elements is similar to the life of growth: the same mutual love of family members, the same deep cordiality, the same naturalness of behavior, as well as in growth, great proximity to the people in language and in relationships With ordinary people. On this basis, both families are equally opposed to the Higher Society.
There are differences between these families. Bolkonsky distinguishes from growth deep work of thought, high intelligence of all family members: and the old prince, and the princes Marya, and her brother, which are prone to mental activity. In addition, the characteristic feature of the "breed" of Bolkonsky is pride.
Name and write down the main features of the Bolkonsky family: high spirituality, pride, courage. Honor, debt, activity, mind, strength of the Spirit, Love is natural, hidden under the mask of coldness
Turn to the Kuragin family.
According to the roles of the Dialogue of Prince Vasily and Anna Pavlovna Sherler. (5 minutes)
Prince Vasily (student speech 3 min): I do not have a bump of parental love, but she and nothing to me. I think all this is superfluous. The main thing is the material well-being, the situation in the light. Didn't I try to make my children happy? Hehlen was married to the richest bridegroom of Moscow Count Pierre Zuhova, Ippolita attached to the diplomatic corps, Anatol was almost married at the princess Mary. To achieve goals, all means are good.
Helen: (Student's performance 3 min) Your high words about love, honor, kindness are not clear to me at all. And with Anatola and Ippolite always lived in my pleasure. It is important to satisfy your desires and needs, even at the expense of others. What am I tormented by remorse of conscience if you have time to change this mattress with Doolokhov? I am always in all right.
(Student's speech 5 min) The external beauty of the Kuragin is replaced with spiritual. In this family there are many human vices. Helen makes fun of Pierre's desire to have children. Children, in her understanding, mortgage hindering. According to Tolstoy, the worst thing for a woman is the lack of children. The purpose of a woman is to become a good mother, wife.
Actually, Bolkonsky and Rostov are more than families, these are whole life stackers, each of which is Oveyan with its poetry.
Simple and such a deep for the author "War and Peace" Family happiness, the most who know Rostov and Bolkonsky, it is naturally both familiar - this is a family, "peaceful" happiness will not be given by the family of Kuragin, where the atmosphere of universal calculation and confusion reigns . They are deprived of labor poetry. Their family proximity and the relationship of non-efficient, although it undoubtedly there is an instinctive interpretee and solidarity, a kind of pie handpiece of egoism. This family relationship is not positive, the real family relationship, but, in essence, its denial.
Make a service career, "make" a profitable marriage or marriage - so understands his parental duty Prince Vasily Kuragin. What are his children essentially - it is not interested in it. They must be "attached." Immorality, allowed in the family of Kuragin, becomes the norm of their lives. This is evidenced by the behavior of Anatol, the attitude of Helen with a brother, about which Pierre remembers with horror, the behavior of Helen himself. In this house there is no place of sincerity and decency. You noticed that there are even a description of the house of Kuragin in the novel, because the family bonds of these people are weakly expressed, each of them lives apart, considering above all their interests.
About the false family of Kuraginy, Pierre said very accurately: "Oh, a seal, heartless breed!"
Vasil Kuragin is the father of three children, but all his dreams are rumped up to one: to attach them boostable, sell from the hands. Shame of walling all the Kuragines are easily transferred. Anatol, who was inadvertently met on the day of the matchmaker Marya, keeps in the arms of violence. Helen calmly and with a frozen smile, beauty condescendingly related to the jet of relatives and loved ones to marry her for Pierre. He, Anatol, only slightly annoyed an unsuccessful attempt to take Natasha. Only once will change their "excerpt": Helen will shout from fear to be killed by Pierre, and her brother will pay, like a woman who losing his leg. Their calm - from indifference to everyone, besides himself: Anatol "was precious to light the ability of calm and no confidence of anything." Their mental worn, meanness is glimpse the honest and delicacy of Pierre, therefore he will be charged from his mouth, as a shot: "Where are you, there are debauchery, evil."
They are alien to tolstovskaya ethics. Egoists are closed only on themselves. Empties. They will not be born from them, for in the family it is necessary to be able to give to others the warmth of the soul and care. They can only take: "I'm not a fool to give birth to children" (Helen), "We must take a girl while she is still a flower in bud" (Anatol).
The features of the Kuragin family: the lack of parental love, material well-being, the desire to satisfy their needs at the expense of others, the lack of spiritual beauty.
3. Approach the outcome (7 min).
Only those who are eager for unity, Tolstoy, in the final of his epic, finding families and peace. A happy family of Natasha and Pierre appears in epilogue. Natasha his love for her husband creates the amazing atmosphere that inspires and supports him, and Pierre is happy, admiring her feelings, that wonderful intuition, with which she penetrates his soul. Understanding each other without words, by expressing the eyes, gesture, they are ready to go to the end along the road of life, while maintaining an internal, mental connection between them, and harmony.
L.N. Tolstoy in the novel shows its ideal of women and family. This ideal is given in the images of Natasha Rostova and Marya Bologkoe and their families. Favorite Heroes Tolstoy want to live honestly. In family relations, heroes keep such moral values \u200b\u200bas simplicity, naturalness, a noble sense of self-esteem, adolescence in front of motherhood, love and respect. It is these moral values \u200b\u200bper minute of nationwide risk saves Russia. Family and female guardian of family foci, have always been moral foundations of society.
Since the appearance of Roman L. N. Tolstoy passed many years, but the main values \u200b\u200bof the family: love, confidence, mutual understanding, honor, decency, patriotism - remain the main moral values. Christmas said: "Everything begins with love." Dostoevsky said: "A person will be born not for happiness and deserves his suffering."
Each modern family is a big complex world in which its traditions, relationships and habits, even their look at the upbringing of children. They say that children are echo of their parents. However, that this echo sounded not only by virtue of natural affection, but mainly due to conviction, it is necessary that the customs, orders, rules, life rules are strengthened in the family circle, which cannot be reset, Family polls, to its traditions.
Do everything to childhood, the future of your children was wonderful for the family to be strong, friendly, family traditions were stored and passed from generation to generation. I wish you happiness in the family, in the one in which you live today, which you will create tomorrow. Let a mutual assistance and mutual understanding always reign under the roof of your house, let your life be rich and spiritually, and financially.
4. Homework.(3 min)
Write a mini essay on the topic "My future family."
1. Complex epic web.
2. The perfect family and relationship.
3. Disadvantages of other families.
4. Family as the highest incarnation of human happiness.
Life gives a person at best, a single unique moment, and the secret of happiness is that this moment repeated as often as possible.
O. Wilde
Roman L. N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" is a complex epic cloth, which combines bright, live paintings of privacy and scene of battle battles. Roman causes genuine interest among readers. It is difficult to find another work that could compare with the novel of this writer.
Often readers in the work attract not only scenes of battles and historical realities, and the weekdays of the noble family. In fact, it is impossible not to admire the fortress of family ultrasound growth. We see what attention and care they surrounded children. It is impossible not to admire Natasha in which the writer embodied his moral ideal of a woman.
The image of Natasha is not static. It grows, develops. At the beginning of the novel, she is a child, and at the end is an adult woman, the whole life of which focuses on children. Rostov family are exceptional people. They are smart, educated, intelligent. Their life is easy and serene. It seems that it will always be so. However, the war changes everything. And the share of growth drops a lot of tests and chases. Tolstoy tried to show the perfect family. And he succeeded.
Rostic surprisingly touching attitude towards each other. They are indulgent to the weaknesses of loved ones, do not require too much from relatives. And give each other genuine love, sincere care. Any problems and troubles do not affect the family atmosphere, mutual understanding also reigns in their house. Rostov family are exceptional people. They are smart, educated, intelligent. Their life is easy and serene. It seems that it will always be so. However, the war changes everything. And the share of growth drops a lot of tests and chases. At the same time, it is impossible not to admire them by the decision to give the pit for the wounded. At the same time, Rostovs cannot but understand that they will be broken, because they were going to take out their own property on the bastards. Before the death of the count, "sobbing, asked for forgiveness from his wife and in absentia, his son for the ruin of Himself - the main guilt, which he felt."
It deserves close attention to how Natasha caring for his mother after the death of Petit. The death of his son overnight turned a flowering woman in an old woman. Countess practically went crazy. Natasha does not depart from his mother. "She could hold his mother from insane despair. Three weeks of Natasha veins hopelessly at the mother, he slept in his chair in her room, he fed, fed her and stopped talking to her, - said, because one gentle, causing her a causing a countess. " Natasha during this period and it was very hard. After all, she had a chance to care for the dying Bologkoe, which was a difficult test for a young girl. The death of his brother turned out to be another blow. But the need to take care of the mother do Natasha is stronger. "Love woke up, and life awoke." The girl readily brings himself sacrificing for the sake of helping mother.
In the final of Roman Tolstoy showed his ideal of his wife and mother of the family, embodying it in Natasha. She completely plunged into the family, lives in the interests of her husband and children. Let Natasha's external beauty and charm already do not have, but it has endless love for his own family. Natasha alien desire to entertainment, idleness, fun. She thinks only about the well-being of children. "The subject in which the Natasha was plunged into the family was a family, that is, the husband, whom he had to keep it so that he was inseparably belonged to her, the house, and the children who had to wear, give birth, feed, educate. And the more she deliberately, not the mind, but with all the soul, all the creature, in her subject, the more it was the subject of this item under her attention, and the weaker and the more impossible her forces seemed to her, so that she was all focused on one and The same, and the same did not have time to make the whole thing that it seemed to her. " According to Tolstoy, true human happiness is love and mutual understanding of the family. And everything else seems unnecessary. That is why Natasha in the final of the novel "did not love society in general, but it all the more valued by the Native Society - the Countess of Mary, Brother, Mother and Sony.
In the novel, in addition to the growth of growth, there is an image and other families. However, they have completely different relationships. For example, in the family of Bolkonsky reigned a strict and cold atmosphere, which could not but affect the character of Marya. The girl is hard in the house, she lives in the heart that he did not meet understanding of her father. Old man Bolkonsky lives "the life of the mind," there is no warmth, kindness. He is very despotic, which affects the relationship to his own children.
In the family of Kuragin, only external decency is observed. Prince's true feelings in relation to their own children. Each member of the Kuragin family got used to loneliness and does not feel the need for supporting close. Relationships in the family of Kuragin Fakes, hypocrisy. The true attitude of the author is obvious to them. Relationships in the family of Kuraginians cannot be made any comparison with relations in the family of growth.
Berg's family, according to the writer, is far from ideal. Tolstoy emphasizes that Berg is a real intention with all negative qualities. He tries to use the war for his own needs, strive to get as much benefits as possible. Bergs seek to meet the canons adopted in society. It is not by chance that the evening of the Bergs are very similar "for every other evening with conversations, tea and lit candles." Faith, brought up in the traditions of the family, seems unpleasant from youth, because indifferent, selfish and arrogant.
Anna Mikhailovna Drubetskaya and her son always strived for material well-being. In the family of Drubetsky, the first place was made precisely financial interests, any actions were used for the sake of profit. Boris does not resist the will of the mother, adopt her style of behavior. Drubetsky are not capable of sincere feelings, for a true friendship.
The fortress of family bonds for thick is determined primarily by the attitude towards children. It is not by chance that Marya Bolkonskaya and Natasha Rostov become much happier after the birth of children. The images of them are harmonious, unlike the secular. Elen. She refuses motherhood, does not fit anyone. The kuraginine clan on it stops.
Unique moments of life, giving happiness, must repeat. And some people are exactly what happens. Reading the novel of Tolstoy "War and Peace", it is impossible not to think about it. In the final, the writer depicts truly happy people. This is Pierre and Natasha, as well as Nikolai Rostov and Marya Bolkonskaya.
Family for Tolstoy is the soil for the formation of a human soul, and at the same time in the "war and the world" the introduction of a family topic is one of the ways to organize text. The atmosphere of the house, generic nest, according to the writer, determines the warehouse of psychology, views and even the fate of heroes. That is why in the system of all major images of Roman L. N. Tolstoy allocates several families, on the example of which the copyright attitude to the ideal of a homely hearth is pronounced, is Bolkon, Rostov and Kuragin.
At the same time, Bolkonsky and Rostov are not just a family, this is a whole life line, an entry based on Russian national traditions. Probably, these features are most fully manifested in the life of the growth - noble-naive family living with feelings and impulse gusts, combining and seriously attaching to family honor (Nikolai Rostov does not refuse the debts of the Father), and the heartiness, and the warmth of the intrameal relationship, and Harvesting, and hospitality, always characteristic of Russian people.
The kindness and carelessness of the family of growth apply not only to its members; Even outsiders for them, Andrei Bolkonsky, being in an apologist, affected by the naturalness and cheerfulness of Natasha Rostova, seeks to change his life. And, probably, the most bright and most characteristic representative of the Rostov breed is Natasha. In its naturalness, dustiness, naivety and some superficiality - the essence of the family.
Similar purity of relationships, high morality relate to growth with representatives of another noble family in the novel - with Bolkonski. But this breed has basic qualities opposite to Rostov. Everything is subordinate to the mind, honor and debt. It is these principles that probably cannot accept and understand sensual Rostov.
The feeling of family superiority and actually the dignity are pronounced in Marya - after all, she, more than all Blocks, prone to hide their feelings, considered the marriage of brother and Natasha Rostova inappropriate.
But along with this it is impossible not to note the role of debt before the fatherland in the life of this family - the protection of the interests of the state for them is even even personal happiness. Andrei Bolkonsky is leaving at a time when the wife should give birth; The old prince in the rustling of patriotism, forgetting about his daughter, rushes on the defense of the fraud.
And at the same time it must be said that in the relationship of Bolkonsky, let the deeply hidden, the love is natural and sincere, hidden under the mask of coldness and arrogance.
Straight, proud Blocks are not at all like cozy and home-old, and that is why the unity of the two of these births, in the view of Tolstoy, perhaps only between the most uncharacteristic representatives of families (marriage between Nicholas Rostov and Prince Marya), so the meeting of Natasha Rostova and Andrei Bolkonsky in Mytishchi serves as not to connect and correct their relationship, but to fill and clarify them. It is in this that the reason for the solemnity and the patheaux of their relationship in the last days of the life of Andrei Bolkonsky in the last days of life.
It is not at all similar to these two families are low, "Salad" breed of kuragin; They can even be called their family: there is no love between them, there is only a envy of Mother to his daughter, the contempt of Prince Vasily to her sons: "Calm Fool" Ippolit and "Restless Fool" Anatol. Their proximity is a patch of selfish people, their appearance, often in a romantic halo, causes crises in other families.
Anatole, a symbol of freedom for Natasha, freedom from the restrictions of the patriarchal world and at the same time from the boundaries of the permitted, from the moral framework of the allowed ...
In this "breed", in contrast to the growth and Bolkonsky, there is no cult of the child, there is no relative attitude towards him.
But this family of Inrigan-Napoleonov disappears on the fire of 1812, like an unsuccessful global adventure of the Great Emperor, all the intrigues of Helen - confused in them, she dies.
But by the end of the novel, new families appear, embodying the best features of both kinders, - the pride of Nikolai Rostov is inferior to the needs of the family and the fastening feeling, and Natasha Rostov and Pierre Duchevs create that home comfort, that atmosphere they both were looking for.
Nikolai and Princess Marya are likely to be happy - after all, they are those representatives of the families of Bologkoe and growth, which are capable of finding something in common; "Ice and the flame", Prince Andrei and Natasha, were not able to tie their lives - even loving, they could not fully understand each other.
It is interesting to add that the condition for the connection of Nikolai Rostov and a much deepest Mary of Mary Bolkonskaya became the lack of relationship between Andrey Bolkonsky and Natasha Rostova, so this love line is activated only at the end of the epic.
But, despite the entire external completion of the novel, one can note such a composite feature as the openness of the final - after all, the last scene is not random, the scene with Nicholya, which made it all the best and most pure, which was in Bolkonsky, in Roshovaya and Bezuhov. He is the future ...
The theme of the family in the novel "War and Peace" L. N. Tolstoy (2 options)
Lion Nikolayevich Tolstoy - Great Writer of the 19th century. In his works, he managed to put many important issues, as well as give an answer to them. Therefore, his work occupies one of the first places in world artistic literature. The top of his creativity is the Roman-epic "War and Peace". In it, Tolstoy turns to the indigenous issues of human being. In his understanding, one of such important issues that determine the essence of a person is the family. Tolstoy almost does not represent their heroes alone. The most bright and multifaceted this topic is displayed in those parts of the work that is narrated by the world.
In the novel, different family lines intersect, reveal the stories of different families. His views on the relationship of loved ones, the Lion Nikolayevich shows on the example of growth and Bologkoe.
In a large family, the growth chapter is Ilya Andreyevich, the Moscow Barin, the kinderic man who fell on his wife, who adores children, is pretty generous and gullible. Despite the fact that his material affairs are in a dilated state, as he does not know how to lead the economy, Ilya Andreevich could not limit himself and all his family in the usual luxury. Forty-three thousand, lost by the son of Nikolai, he paid, no matter how hard it was to do it, because he is very noble: his own honor and honor of his children for him is above all.
The family of growth is distinguished by kindness, sincere responsiveness, sincerity, willingness to help, than attracts to themselves. It is in such a family that patriots grow, recklessly reaching death as Peter Rostov. Parents were hard to let him go to the operating army, so they were troubled for her son so that he would fall into the headquarters, and not in the operating regiment.
The family of growth is not inherent in hypocrisy and a hypocrisy, so everyone here loves each other, children trust their parents, and they respect their desires, opinions on various issues. Therefore, Natasha still managed to persuade parents to take away from the besieged Moscow, and luxury objects: paintings, carpets, dishes, and wounded soldiers. Thus, the family of growth remained true to his ideals, that for what to live. Let them finally ruined the family, but still did not allow them to bear the laws of conscience.
In such a friendly and friendly family, Natasha rose. It looks like a mother and externally, and in character - as well as the mother shows the same caring and economic activity. But there is in it and the features of the father - kindness, the latitude of nature, the desire to combine and make it possible to make everyone. She is the favorite of the Father. Very important quality Natasha is natural. She is not able to play a predetermined role, does not depend on the opinions of foreign people, does not live according to the laws of light. The heroine is endowed with love for people, the talent of communication, the openness of the soul. She can love and surrender to love completely, namely in this Tolstoy saw the main purpose of the woman. The origins of devotion and kindness, unmaturity and devotion he saw in family upbringing.
Another family member is Nikolai Rostov. It is not distinguished by neither the depth of the mind nor the ability to deeply think and experience pain of people. But his soul is simple, honest and decent.
In the image of growth, Tolstoy embodied his ideal about the fortress of the family, the inviolability of the generic nest, at home. But not all young generation of this family went in the footsteps of the parents. As a result of the marriage of faith on Berg, a family was formed, not similar to the growth, nor in Bologna, nor on Kuragin. In Berg itself there is a lot in common with Griboedovsky silence (moderation, execution and accuracy). According to the thoughts of Tolstoy Berg, not only the mothers in itself, but also a particle of the universal boss (mania of acquisition in any situation takes the top, which shifting the manifestations of a normal feeling, the episode with the purchase of furniture during the evacuation from the majority of residents). Berg "exploits" the war of 1812, "squeezes" from it maximum benefits for himself. Bergs are trying with all their mights to resemble the samples of pleasant in society: the evening, which is arranged by a borgic copy of many other evenings with candles and tea. As a result of the influence of her husband, faith, even in the greatness, despite his pleasant appearance and development, good manners, putting it, pushes people from themselves with their indifference to others and extreme egoism.
Such a family, according to Tolstoy, can not be the basis of society, because the "foundation", laid on its basis - material acquisitions, which, rather, empty the soul, contribute to the destruction of human relations, and not to unification.
Some other family of Bolkonsky - serving nobles. All of them characterizes special talentedness, uncommonness, spirituality. Each of them is notable in its own way. The head of the family, Prince Nikolai, with all the surrounding people was cutting, and therefore, without being cruel, he excited in himself fear and respect. Most of all he appreciates in people mind and activity. Therefore, raising your daughter, he is trying to develop these qualities in it. The high concept of honor, pride, independence, the nobility and the uncertainty of the mind of the old prince passed the inheritance to his son. Both the Son and the Father Bologkoe are versatile, educated, gifted people who know how to keep themselves with others. Andrei is an arrogant person, confident in his superiority over others, who knows that he has a high purpose in this life. He understands that happiness in the family, in it itself, but this happiness is not easy for Andrei.
His sister, Princess Marya, is shown to us as a perfect, absolutely whole psychologically, physically and morally human type. She lives in a constant unconscious expectation of family happiness and love. Princess smart, romantic, religious. She submoldly tolerates all father's mock, settles with everything, but never ceases to love him deeply. Maria loves everyone, but loves with love forcing those who are nearby to obey her rhythms and movements and dissolve in it.
Brother and sister Bolkonsky inherited the oddity and depth of the father of the Father, but without its authority and intolerance. They are insightful, deeply understand people, like father, but not to despise them, but in order to compare.
Bologkoe is not alien to the fate of the people, they are honest and decent people who try to live in justice and in Lada with conscience.
The exact opposite of previous families Tolstoy depicts the family of kuragic. The head of the family - Prince Vasily. He has children: Helen, Anatole and Hippolyte. Vasily Kuragin is a typical representative of St. Petersburg: a smart, Galanten, dressed in the last fashion. But for all this brightness and beauty, the person is hidden through the false, unnatural, greedy and rude. Prince Vasily lives in the atmosphere of lies, secular intrigues and gossip. The most important thing in his life is money and position in society.
He is ready even for a crime for the sake of money. This is confirmed by his behavior on the day of his death of the old Graph of Laughter. Prince Vasily is ready for everything, just to get the inheritance. He belongs to Pierre with contempt, bordering hate, but it is worthwheel to get the inheritance, as everything changes. Pierre becomes a profitable party for Helen, because the debts of Prince Vasily can pay. Knowing it, Kuragin is started on any tricks, just to bring the rich, but inexperienced heir.
We now turn to Helen Kuragin. In the light, everyone admire its statitivity, beauty, causing outfits and rich decorations. She is one of the most enviable brides of St. Petersburg. But for this beauty and brilliance of diamonds there is no soul. She is empty, drawn and heartless. For Helen, family happiness consists not in love of her husband or children, but in the waste of money the spouse, in the device balls and salons. It is only a pierre to start a conversation about the offspring, as she rustles him in his face.
Anatole and Ippolit are not inferior to no father nor sister. The first holds life in festivities and couments, in card games and various kinds of entertainment. Prince Vasily admits that "this anatole is forty thousand a year." The second son is stupid and quinic. Prince Vasily says he is "Restless Fool."
The author does not hide his aversion to this "family." It has no place for good promptings and aspirations. The world of Kuragin is the world of "secular mobile", dirt and debauchery. Egoism reigning there, careful and low-lying instincts do not allow you to call these people a full-fledged family. The main vices are carelessness, selfishness and irrepressible thirst for money.
The foundations of the family in Tolstoy are built on love, work, beauty. When they rushes, the family becomes unhappy, disintegrates. And yet, the main thing that Lion Nikolayevich wanted to say about the inner life of the family, is connected with the warmth, comfort, the poetry of the present house, where all of you are expensive, and you are dear to everyone where you are waiting. The closer people to natural life, the stronger the intremal relationship, the more happiness and joy in the life of each family member. It is this point of view that rolls Tolstoy on the pages of his novel.
The theme of the family in the novel "War and Peace" L. N. Tolstoy (3 options)
What a family should be in understanding Tolstoy, we will only learn at the very end of the novel. Roman begins with the description of an unsuccessful marriage. We are talking about Prince Bolkonsky and a little princess. We encounter them both in the salon Anna Pavlovna Sherler. At Prince Andrei it is impossible not to pay attention - so he unlike the rest: "He, apparently, all the former in the living room were not only familiar, but he was tired of him so that he was very boring to listen to them." Everything else is interested in this living room, because here, in these conversations, the gossip all their life. And for the wife of Prince Andrew, an adorable little woman, here - all life. And for Prince Andrew? "The face of his pretty wife boring his face, seemed to be very tired of his face. With a grimace, a stretch of his beautiful face, he turned away from her. " And when she turned to him by a flirty tone, he even "clogged and turned away." When they returned home, they did not become warmer. Prince Andrei does not become gentle, but we already understand that the matter is not in his bad character. He was too soft and charming he was in communicating with Pierre, whom he sincerely loved. With his wife, he draws "with cold courtesy." He advises her early to go to bed, allegedly worrying about her health, but in fact wanting only one thing: so that she left and let him calmly talk to Pierre. Before she retired, he got up and "Participating, like an outsider, kissed his hand." Why is he so cold with his wife waiting for a child from him? He tries to be courteous, but we feel that he is rude to her. The wife tells him that he changed to her, it means that he used to be different. In the Schever's living room, when everyone was admired, "a pretty future mother, so easily enduring his position," it was difficult to understand that the prince of Andrei annoys. But everything becomes clear when it continues to talk at home with her husband, "the same flirty tone as she turned to an outsider." Prince Andrei was filled with this flirty tone, this light chatter, unwillingness to think over her own words. I want to even step up for the princess - after all, she is not to blame, she was always like that he did not notice this before? No, Tolstoy is to blame. It's to blame because it does not feel. Only a sensitive and understanding person can approach happiness, because happiness is a reward for the tireless work of the soul. A little princess does not make an effort on himself, does not make himself understand why the husband has changed to her. But everything is so obvious. She needed to become just more closely - to look at, listen and understand: With the prince, Andrey can not behave this way. But her heart did not tell her anything, and she continued to suffer from the tricky of her husband. However, Tolstoy does not fall on the side of Bolkonsky: in relations with his wife it looks not too attractive. Tolstoy does not give an unequivocal answer to the question of why the life of a young family of Bolkonsky was so much, - both are to blame, and no one can change anything. Prince Andrei says sister: "But if you want to know the truth ... Do you want to know if I am happy? Not. Is it happy? Not. Why is it? I do not know ... "One can only guess - why. Because different, because they did not understand: family happiness is work, permanent labor of two people.
Tolstoy helps her hero, freeing it from this painful marriage. Later, he also will "save" Pierre, also busting adversity in family life with Helen. But nothing in life is in vain. Probably, Piear needed to get this terrible experience of life with a pioneer and depraved woman to experience complete happiness in the second marriage. No one knows, would be happy Natasha, I get married to Prince Andrew, or not. But Tolstoy felt - she will be better with Pierre. Asks why he did not connect them before? Why was it forced to go through so much suffering, temptations and deprivation? After all, it is obvious that they are created for each other. However, the Tolstoy was important to trace the formation of their personalities. And Natasha, and Pierre fulfilled a huge spiritual work, which prepared them for family happiness. Pierre was carried by the love of Natasha in many years, and over the years so much spiritual wealth has accumulated in it as his love has become even more serious and deeper. He passed the captivity, the horror of death, terrible deprivation, but his soul was only strengthened and became even richer. Natasha, who survived the personal tragedy - a gap with Prince Andrey, then his death, and then the death of his younger brother Petit and Mother's disease, - also grown spiritually and was able to look at Pierre, to evaluate his love with other eyes.
When you read about how Natasha changed after marriage, first becomes a shame. "Purchased and sewn-la," rejoices a baby diaper "With yellow instead of a green spot," jealous, buying, singing abandoned - what is it? However, it is necessary to figure out - why: "She felt that those glamors who instinct her teach to use before, now they would only be funny in the eyes of her husband, to whom she from the first minute was given all - that is, without leaving no corner not Open for him. She felt that her connection with her husband was not the poetic feelings that attracted him to her, but kept something else, uncertain, but solid, as the connection of her own soul with her body. " Well, how not to remember the poor Little Princess Bolkonskaya, which was not given to understand what was opened by Natasha. She considered it natural to contact her husband with a flirty tone, as a stranger, and Natasha seemed stupid "beat curls, put on the Robrons and sing the romance in order to attract her husband to themselves." Natasha was much more important to feel the soul of Pierre, to understand that he worries him, and guess his desires. Staying with him alone, she talked to him so, "as soon as a wife is talking to her husband, that is, with an extraordinary clarity and speed, knowing and telling each other's thoughts, by opposing all the rules of logic, without judgment, conclusions and conclusions, and completely special way ". What is this method? If you trace their conversation, it may even seem funny: sometimes their replicas look completely incoherent. But it is from the side. And they do not need long, finished phrases, they understand each other, because their souls say instead.
What is the difference between the Family of Mary and Nicholas Rostova from the family of beans? Perhaps it is based on the constant spiritual work of the Countess of Marya alone. Her "eternal mental tension, aimed at only moral good children," admires and surprises Nicholas, but he himself is not capable of it. However, his admiration and worship before his wife also make their seven. Nikolai is proud of his wife, understands that she is smarter than him and more considerable, but does not envy, but rejoices, considering his wife part of himself. The Countess of Marya just gently and submissively loves her husband: for too long she waited for her happiness and no longer believed that it would ever come.
Tolstoy shows the life of these two families, and we can completely conclude on whose side of his sympathy. Of course, the family of Natasha and Pierre is ideal in his presentation.
That family, where husband and wife are one whole, where there is no place to conventions and unnecessary chemicals, where the radiance of the eyes and a smile can say much more than long, intricate phrases. We do not know how in the future their lives will work, but we understand: wherever the fate threw Pierre, Natasha always and everywhere will follow him, no matter how troops and deprivations it threatened.