Full list of noble childbirth of the British Empire. Noble surnames of Russia (2010)

The word "nobleman" means: "Court" or "man from the Princely Court". The nobility was the highest estate of society.
In Russia, the nobility was formed in the XII-XIII centuries, mainly from representatives of the military-serving estate. Starting from the XIV century, the locals were received for their service, the birth of the names - Shuisky, Vorotnsky, Obolensk, Vyazene, Meshchersky, Ryazan, Galitsky, Smolensk, Yaroslavl, Rostov, Belozersky, Suzdal, Smolensk, Moscow, took place from their names. Tver ... Other noble surnames originated from the nicknames of their carriers: gagarines, humpback, eyes, likings. Some princely surnames were a combination of the names of the lot and nicknames: for example, Lobanov-Rostovsky.
At the end of the 15th century, the names of foreign origin began to appear in the lists of Russian nobility - they belonged to people from Greece, Poland, Lithuania, Asia and Western Europe, which had an aristocratic origin and departed in Russia. Here you can mention such names like Fonvizins, Lermontov, Yusupov, Akhmatov, Kara-Murza, Karamzin, Kudinov.
The boyars were often obtained by the surnames on the baptized name or nicknamed the ancestor and had drawing suffixes in their composition. Such a boyars, the surname includes Petrov, Smirnov, Ignatov, Yuryev, Medvedev, Apukhtina, Gavrilins, Ilyina.
The same origin and the royal surname of Romanov. The ancestor of them was the boyar of the time of Ivan Kalita Andrei Mare. He had three sons: Semyon stallion, Alexander Tree
Kobylin and Fedor Cat. Their descendants received respectively the names of the stallion, mare and Koshkin. One of the great-grandfathers of Fedor Cat Yakov Zakharovich Koshkin became the sonlock of the nobility name Yakovlev, and his brother Yuri Zakharovich began to be called Zaharin-Koshkin. The son of the last name was Roman Zaharin-Yuriev. The same name was his son Nikita Romanovich, and daughter Anastasia, the first wife of Ivan Grozny. However, the children and grandchildren of Nikita Romanovich became already grandfather Romanov. This name was his son Fyodor Nikitich (Patriarch Filaret) and the founder of the last Russian tsarist dynasty Mikhail Fedorovich.
In the Petrovsk epoch, the nobility was replenished with representatives of non-military estates who received their titles as a result of promotion in public service. One of them was, for example, the companion of Peter I Alexander Menshikov, who had a "low" origin, but a princeful title given by the king. In 1785, special privileges were established by decree of Catherine II for the nobles.

), supplemented according to the list of princesses of the Great Prince of Maria Vladimirovna, who require additional verification.

Since ancient times, the surname could change the life of a person, she carried the whole history of the genus and gave a lot of privileges. People spent a lot of strength and finance to have a good title, and sometimes sacrificed their lives for this. For a simple resident, it was almost impossible to get into the list of nobles.

Types of titles

Titles in the Tsarist Russia there were a lot, each of them had their own history and carried their capabilities. All noble families followed the genital tree and very carefully chose couples for members of their families. The marriage of the two noble families was, rather, a thoughtful calculation than love relations. Russian noble surnames held together and did not let me in their families without title.

Among such births could be:

1. Princes.
2. Graphs.
3. Barons.
4. Kings.
5. Duke.
6. Marquis.

Each of these gods had its own story and led his family tree. It is strictly forbidden a nobleman to create a family with commoner. Thus, the usual simple resident of Tsarist Russia was almost unrealistic to become a nobleman, except for very great achievements before the country.

Princes Rurikovichi

Princes are one of the highest noble titles. Members of such a family have always had a lot of land, finance and slaves. It was a huge honor for a family representative to be at the court and help the ruler. Showing himself, a member of the princely kind could be a trusted special ruler. The famous nobility names of Russia in most cases had a princely title. But the titles could be divided into methods for their preparation.

One of the most famous prince's names of Russia was Rurikovichi. The list of noble surnames begins with it. Rurikovichi - immigrants from Ukraine and the descendants of Great Rus Igor. The roots of many European rulers occur from this strong dynasty, which brought the world a lot of famous rulers, for a long time under power throughout Europe. But a number of historical events that occurred in those times divided the family into a plurality of branches. Russian nobility surnames, such as Potoney, Peremyshl, Chernihiv, Ryazan, Galitsky, Smolensk, Yaroslavl, Rostov, Belozersky, Suzdal, Smolensk, Moscow, Tver, Starodubsk, belonging to the genus Rurikovich.

Other princely titles

In addition to the descendants of the Rurikovsky kind, the noble family names of Russia can be such as Odyaev. This genus got his title thanks to a good warrior of the tail, who had a nickname in the army, and takes place from a thousand five hundred forty-third year.

Of frosomy is an example of a strong will and a lot of desire to achieve the goal. The founder of the genus was a strong and courageous warrior.

The burdens are immigrants from Lithuania. Get the princely title founder of the genus helped oratory and ability to carry out military talks.

The list of noble surnames can also be attributed to fire, field, proncess, protopopic, thick, respectful.

County titles

But the names of noble origin are not only princes. Also, the high title and the authority at the court had graphic dynasties. This title was also considered very high and gave a lot of powers.

Get the county title - it was a great achievement for any member of the royal society. Such title first of all gave the opportunity to have power and be closer to the ruling dynasty. The noble surnames of Russia are largely consisting of graphs. To achieve this title is the easiest way to have successful hostilities.

One of these surnames is Sheremetyv. This is a county race that exists in our time. The Army General received this title for its achievements in hostilities and the service of the royal family.

Ivan Golovkin is an intention of another name of noble origin. According to many data, this is the graph that appeared in Russia after the wedding of his only daughter. One of the few graphic families that ended on the only representative of the dynasty.

The noble surname of the minih had many branches, and the main reason for this was in a large number of women in this family. In wedding, the woman Milih took a double surname and mixed titles.

Many County titles have received the courtiers of Catherine Petrovna in the reign. She was a very generous queen and awarded the titles of many of their military leaders. Thanks to her, the list of nobles appeared such names as: Efimovsky, Gendrikov, Chernyshev, Razumovsky, Ushakov and many others.

Barons at the courtyard

The famous nobility names also had many carriers of Baron titles. Among them are generic families and granulated barons. To get this, like all other titles, it was possible at a good service and of course, the most simple and effective way was to conduct hostilities for their homeland.

This title was very popular in the Middle Ages. Rich title could receive rich families who sponsored the royal family. This title appeared in the fifteenth century in Germany and, like all new, got great popularity. The royal family practically sold it to all rich families who had the opportunity to help and sponsor all the royal undertakes.

For approaching the rich births, a new title was introduced - Baron. One of the first owners of this title was Banker de Smith. Thanks to the banking and shopping case, this genus earned its finances and was erected by Peter in the rank of Baron.

Russian nobility names with Baron's title were also replenished with Friedrix surname. Like de Smith, Yuri Friedriks was a good banker, for a long time lived and worked at the royal court. Born in the title family Yuri, also received a title under Tsarist Russia.

In addition, they had a number of surnames with the titul Baron, the information was stored in military documents. These are warriors who earned their titles actively participating in hostilities. Thus, the noble surnames of Russia were replenished with such members as: Baron Plotto, Baron Von Rummel, Baron Malama Baron, Baron Ustinov and Baron Brothers Family Schmidt. Most of them were immigrants from European countries and arrived in Russia on work.

Royal families

But not only titled births are included in the list of noble surnames. Russian nobility names were headed by the royal families for many years.

One of the most ancient royal names of Russia was Godunov. This is a royal family who has been with power for many years. The first of this family was Queen Godunov, which formally the rules of the country just a few days. She refused the throne, and decided to spend his life in the monastery.

The next, no less well-known surname of the Tsarist Russian family is shui. This dynasty held a little time with the authorities, but entered the list of noble names of Russia.

The Great Queen Skabronskaya, better known as Catherine the first, also became the founder of the royal family dynasty. Do not forget about such a tsarist dynasty as biron.

Duke at the courtyard

The noble surnames of Russia also have the title of dukes. Get the duke title was not so easy. Basically, these kinds belonged to very rich and ancient families of Tsarist Russia.

The owners of the Tutula Duke in Russia was the exprunted family. The genus existed many centuries and was engaged in agriculture. It was a very rich family that had a lot of lands.

Duke Nesvizhsky - the founder of the city of the same name Nesvizh. There is a lot of versions of the origin of this family. Duke was a great connoisseur of art. His castles were the most wonderful and beautiful buildings of the time. Owning large lands, the duke had the opportunity to help Tsarist Russia.

Menshikov is another of the famous ducal surnames in Russia. Menshikov was not just a duke, he was a famous warlord, the general of the army and the governor of St. Petersburg. His title was received for the achievement and service of the royal crown.

Title Marquis

The title of Marquis in Tsarist Russia was mainly obtained rich families with foreign origin. It was an opportunity to attach foreign capital to the country. One of the most famous surnames was traverse. This is an ancient french race, whose representatives were at the royal court.

Among Italian marquizians was the genus Paullluchi. Having received the title of Marquis, the family remained in Russia. Another Italian race received the title of Marquis under the royal court of Russia - Albice. This is one of the richest Tuscan birth. All their income they earned on entrepreneurial activities for the manufacture of tissues.

Title value and privileges

For the courtiers, the title gave a lot of opportunities and wealth. Upon receipt of the title, it often carried the generous gifts from the crown. Often these gifts were lands and wealth. Such gifts the royal family gave for special achievements.

For rich families who earned their riches on the generous Russian land, it was very important to have a good title, for this they financed the royal undertakings than they bought their family a high title and good attitude. In addition, only titled families could be close to the royal family and participate in the Board.

The documentary "Noble Surnames of Russia" is a story about the most famous noble births of Russia - Gagarins, Golitsins, Apraksins, Yusupov, Stroganov. The nobles were initially in the service of the boyar and the princes and replaced the warriors. For the first time in the history of the noblemen, they are mentioned in 1174 and this is due to the killing of Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky. Already starting from the XIV century, the nobles begin to receive in possession of the estate for their service. But unlike the Boyarsky layer, they could not transmit land by inheritance. In the creation and formation of a single state, the nobles became a reliable support for the great princes. Starting from the XV century, their influence in the political and economic life of the country has increasingly intensified. Gradually, the nobles merged with the boyars. The concept of "nobles" began to denote the highest class of the population of Russia. The final differences between the nobility and the boyars disappeared at the beginning of the XVIII century, when the estates and wrappers were equated with each other.

Gagarins
Russian Princely Rod, whose hence, Prince Mikhail Ivanovich Golibesovsky, the descendant of the Starodubsk Prince (XVIII knees from Rurik), had five sons; Of these, three senior, Vasily, Yuri and Ivan Mikhailovichi, had a nickname of Gagar and were the founders of the three branches of the Gagarin princes. The older branch, according to some researchers, stopped at the end of the 17th century; Representatives of the last two exist and today. Princes of Gagarines are recorded in the V part of the partitions of the provinces: Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Saratov, Sybirskaya, Tver, Tambov, Vladimir, Moscow, Kherson and Kharkov.

Golitsins
Russian Princely Rod, originating from the Grand Prince Lithuanian Gedimin. Mikhail Ivanovich Mikhail Ivanovich was the direct attitude of the genus, the son of Boyarin Prince Ivan Vasilyevich Bulgaka. In the 5th generation from the ancestor, the genus of the princes of Golitsyna was divided into four branches, of which three exist. From the kind of this it was 22 Boyarin, 3 okolnichih, 2 kravichi. According to the princes of the princes of Golitsyn (see "Rod of Princes of Golitsyna", Op. KN. H. H. Golitsyn, St. Petersburg., 1892, t. I) In 1891, there were alive 90 people of male, 49 princess and 87 Prinjeon Golitsyn. One branch of Golitsyn in the person of the Moscow Governor Governor Governor Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn received the title of lightness in 1841. The genus of the princes of Golitsynye is included in the V part of the pedigree book of St. Petersburg, Moscow, Tverskaya, Kursk, Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, Smolenskaya, Tambov, Tula and Chernihiv province (Hercobov, I, 2).

Apraksins
Russian noble and graphic genus coming from Salhomira-Murza. In the old days were written as defrassic. Salhomira had a great-grandfather Andrei Ivanovich, the nickname of the Obrax, from which the genus went, whose representatives were first written by Obraxins, and then aproarious. The grandchildren of Andrei Obraxes (Apraks), Yerofey Yerof, and Proophyal Matveyevich, with the Grand Duza Moscow Ivan III moved from Ryazan to the service to Moscow. From Yerofey Matveyevich, on the nickname, the branch, whose representatives were subsequently erected into County dignity. From Brother Yerofi, Ivan Matveyevich, the nicknamed dark, the other branch of the kind of apraksyni went. Stepan Fedorovich (1702-1760) and his son Stepan Stepanovich (1757 / 47-1827) Apraksins.

Yusupov.
The Russian dashed princely genus originating from Yusuf-Murza (mind in 1556), the son of Musa-Murza, who in the third generation was a descendant of the mangita bit (1352-1419), the powerful Khan of the Nogai Horde and the commander who was in the service of Tamerlane. Yusuf-Murza had two sons, Il-Murza and Ibrahim (Abray), which in 1565 sent the killer of their father to Moscow, Uncle Izmail. The descendants in the last years of the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich took the holy baptism and wrote by the princes of Yusupovy or Yusupovo-Prince until the end of the XVIII century, and after it began to be written just by the princes Yusupov.

Stroganov.
The genus of Russian merchants and industrialists, from which major landowners and state figures of the XVI-XX centuries occurred. Suites from the rejected Pomeranian peasants. Since the XVIII century - barons and graphs of the Russian Empire. Their name is called the direction in the Russian Iconopy of the late XVI - the beginning of the XVII centuries (Stroganovskaya School of Icon Pouring) and the best school of church facial sewing XVII century (Stroganovsky facial sewing), as well as the Stroganovsky direction of the Moscow Baroque. The genus of Stroganov leads its origin from the Novgorod of Spiridon, the contemporary of Dmitry Donsky (the first mention - 1395), whose grandson owned by the lands in the Dvina Region. According to another version, no confirmed, the surname is allegedly from Tatar, who accepted the name of Spiridon in Christianity.

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