Aksenov Vasily Pavlovich Biography briefly. Honorary titles, premiums

Aksenov Vasily Pavlovich

Writer
Winner of the Booker - Open Russia Prize for best Roman of the year "Voltairians and Voltrayanka" (2004)
Awarded the Order of Arts and Literature, one of the highest awards of France (2005)
DOCTOR OF HUMANE LETTSERS (USA)
Member of Pen Club and American Author's League

"One of the brightest generations of the" thaw "generation, which all his life it is warmly" thaws "tried to preserve and invited his readers." Andrei Bitov.

Vasily Aksenov was born on August 20, 1932 in the family of party workers Evgenia Semenovna Ginzburg and Pavel Vasilyevich Aksenova. He was the third, younger child in the family and the only one common child Parents. His father, Pavel Vasilyevich, was the chairman of the Kazan City Council and a member of the Bureau of the Tatar Region of the Party, and Mama Yevgeny Semenovna worked as a teacher in the Kazan Pedagogical Institute, then she was the head of the culture department "Red Tatarya", and consisted of the Kazan Regional Partnerships.

In 1937, when Vasilia Aksenov was not also five years old, his mother, but soon - and the Father were arrested and convicted of 10 years in prison and camps. Passing the horror of Stalin's camps during the exposure of the cult of the personality of Eugene Ginzburg later became the author of the book of memories of the "cool route" - one of the first memoir books about the Epoch of Stalinist Repression and Camps, the story of eighteen years spent by the author in prison, Krym camps and reference.

Senior Children - Sister Maya (daughter P.V. Aksyunova) and Alyoshu (Son E.S. Chinzburg from the first marriage) took the relatives to himself, and Vasya was forcibly sent to an orphanage for children of prisoners, since his grandmothers were not allowed to leave Baby boy at home. In 1938, Uncle Vasily Aksenov (brother P. Aquesonova) managed to find a little Vasya in an orphanage in Kostroma and take him to himself. Vasya lived in the house of Moti Aksyunova (his relative to Father) until 1948, while his mother Evgenia Ginzburg, coming out in 1947 from the camp, and leaving the link in Magadan, did not achieve permission to arrive Wasi to her to Kolyma. Meeting with Vasya Yevgeny Ginzburg described in the "cool route".

Magadan struck Vasily his freedom - in the Barack, the Mother in the evenings gathered a real "salon". The company "Former Camp Intellents" said such things about which Vasily before and did not suspect. The future writer shook the latitude of the problems discussed and reasoning about the fate of humanity. Many years later, in 1975, Vasily Aksenov described his Magadan Youth in the autobiographical novel "Burn".

In 1956, Aksenov graduated from the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute and received the distribution to the Baltic Marine Shipping Company, where he had to work as a doctor on ships far Swimming. Despite the fact that his parents were already rehabilitated, he did not give a visa. Aksenov worked as a quarantine doctor Far NorthIn Karelia, in the Leningrad Sea Trade Port and the Tuberculous Hospital in Moscow (according to other data, was a consultant at the Moscow Research Institute of Tuberculosis).

In 1958, the first stories of Aksenov "Torches and Roads" and "One and a half of medical units" were printed in the journal "Yunostu", and in 1960 his first story of "Colleagues" was published, which later the film was submitted. Thanks to this story, Aksenov became widely known. He left medicine and closely took up literature. Many of them early works Aksenova - Romanes "Star ticket", "It's time, my friend, it's time," the story "Oranges from Morocco" and "It's a pity that you were not with us" caused an ambiguous reaction of the authorities. " What forced the heads of the journal "Youth" in 1963 to persuade him to write it and give the "Pravda" registered article "Responsibility" in the newspaper. "True, not everyone believed repentance of Aksenov," the researchers of his work were noted. Later it satirical story "Okazarny Boccotar", written in 1968, also caused the charge of the author in "Hidden anti-Sovietism."

In 1972, they were written by an experimental novel "Selling the genre". At the same time in 1972, together with O. Migchakov and G. Khozhenyan, he wrote a novel-parody to a spy fighter "Jin Green - Non-addable" under the pseudonym Grivadium Gorpecos (combination of names and the names of real authors). In 1976, Aksenov translated from english Roman E.L.Dottorou "Ragtime".

In the 1970s, after the end of the "thaw", the works of Aksenov stopped published in the Soviet Union. The novels "Burn" in 1975 and the "Island of Crimea" in 1979 from the very beginning were created by the author without calculating the publication. At this time, the criticism of Vasily Aksenov and his works became more sharp - epithets were used as "non-counseling" and "non-rigging". In 1977 and 1978, the works of Aksenova began to appear abroad, primarily in the United States.

His friends recalled: "He was in his own way untouchable and enjoyed respect even among those writers who belonged to a completely different" camp ". It was tested by a certain diet, even the secretaries of the Union called him Vasily Pavlovich. " However, after the Metropol, everything changed.

In 1979, Vasily Aksenov, together with Andrei Bitov, Viktor Yerofeyev, Fazil Iskander, Evgeny Popov and Bella Ahmadulina became one of the organizers and authors of the Becsente almanac "Metropol". So not published in Soviet objects, Almanac was published in the United States. In protest against the extent of Popov and Erofeev, from the Union of Writers of the USSR in December 1979, Vasily Aksenov, Inna Lynnyanskaya and Semyon Lipkin announced their exit from the joint venture.

Participants of the almanac "Metropol" from left to right: Eugene Popov, Viktor Erofeev, Bella Ahmadulin, Andrei Voznesensky, Zoya Boguslavskaya, Boris Messer, Fazil Iskander, Andrei Bitov, Vasily Aksenov, Maya Carmen.

On July 22, 1980, Aksenov left at the invitation to the United States, after which he was with his wife Maya Carmen deprived soviet citizenship. Until 2004, he lived in the United States, taught Russian literature at J. Mason University in Ferfex, Virginia. Vasily Pavlovich possessed the amazing power of the will. Those who sent it from the country thought it would break the writer, but made a mistake. Here's how Aksenov explained what happened: "There is such an opinion that the Russian writer cannot write outside Russia. What, as soon as he gets abroad, he starts to whine, choke and in the nearest ditch cums his age. This is not quite so if we recall the experience of Gogol, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, who conducted abroad long years And they wrote there far from the worst things. So I had fate. When you leave your homeland forever, you experience stress, then you begin to somehow fight it, you come to yourself and suddenly you understand what you can write wonderful. "

Since 1981, Vasily Aksyunov was a professor of Russian literature at various universities in the United States: He worked as the Institute of Kennan from 1981 to 1982, at the University of J. Vashlington from 1982 to 1983, in the University of Gucker since 1983 In 1988, at the University of George Mason since 1988 to 2009.

In the United States, written by Aksenov in Russia, but first published only after the appearance of the writer in America novels "Golden Journery" (1973, 1980), "Burn" (1976, 1980), "Island of Crimea" (1979, 1981), collection of stories "Right to the island" (1981). Also in the US, Vasily Aksenov was written and published new novels: "Paper landscape" in 1982, "Say Raisin" in 1985, "In search of a sad baby" in 1986, the Moscow Saga trilogy in 1989, 1991 and 1993 , collection of stories "Negative positive hero"In 1995," New Sweet Style "in 1996, dedicated to the life of Soviet emigration in the United States," Cesarean Glow "in 2000.

For the first time after nine years, Aksenov's emigration was visited by the USSR in 1989 at the invitation of the American ambassador J. Meltlok. In 1990, Soviet citizenship was returned to Vasilia Aksenov, after which the writer lived in Moscow, and went to Biarritz in France, where he had been a house since 2002.

From 1980s to 1991, Vasily Aksyunov actively collaborated with the Voice of America and with Radio Liberty as a journalist. Aksenov Radioocheries were published in the author's compilation "Decade Slander" in 2004. Edward Topol told about Aksenov: "Aksyonov was from the powerful cohort of the sixties, which gave hope that we remain people even with Soviet power." In his opinion, without the spirit of dissident, there is no present writer at all: "The revolution should not be on the street, but in the souls of people. AND present writer Should say what he wants to say, despite the fact that it can be prohibited. "

The second wife of the writer was Maya Afanasyevna, which Aksenov beat off his friend, the Russian film director of Roman Karmena. Vasily Pavlovich became acquainted with Maya in Yalta, where Carmen came to rest after a heart attack. Met secret in Sochi. Aksenov recognized: "Everyone knew about our treks. Comrade Roman Julian Semenov once a little bit of me. Shouted: "Give Roma T-shirt."

Aksenov was fascinated historical literatureHe especially interested in the XVIII century. They experienced many books dedicated to the history of the sailing fleet. From the student, he was fond of jazz. Among his sports addictions were jogging and basketball. Vasily Pavlovich was not deprived of small human weaknesses. Its bad habit was tobacco. The writer did not hide it, in one of his numerous interviews he said: "I smoked the phone at 22, when I was imagined by Hemingue. But the cigarette was always more pleasant. Later, Marina Vlady gave me a class tube. I walked with her for a very long time.

About Ashinov wrote that it was in the 1960s "first introduced the word" jeans "into the Russian language and made them with his uniform." "He walked, such a denim and such jazz," Bella Akhmadulin recalled. And the writer Evgeny Popov, congratulating the writer with the anniversary, said: "All modern Russian literature came out of the denim jacket of Akseynova, and all modern Russian literature came out of Gogol.

"He was distinguished by an amazing power, and our literature without him, definitely empty," said the writer Dmitry Bykov. - And most importantly, the person was good, which almost never happens among us. First of all, I was struck by his ability to experiment in Aksenov, because I don't know a single young writer who could write such a bold essay as "Moscow Kva-kva-kva", such a barrier on courage, an absolutely Platonic experiment. "

Aksenov led a very active lifestyle throughout his life, could stand on his head, doing yoga. But on January 15, 2008, Aksenov suddenly became bad when he was driving a car. An accident occurred, Vasily Aksyunov was urgently hospitalized in the 23rd hospital, from which he was transferred to the Sklifosovsky Institute. Drome was found in the carotid artery that feeds the left hemisphere of the brain. Thromb was removed. Music neurologist doctors were done by all possible, they could not do anything better in another country.

On January 29, 2008, the doctors assessed the state of the writer as extremely heavy. Vasily Aksyonov remained in the hospital under the supervision of doctors. On August 28, 2008, the condition remained "stable heavy." On March 5, 2009, new complications arose, Aksenov was translated into the Research Institute of Burdenko and was operated. Later, Aksenov was translated back to the NIE named after Sklifosovsky.

"He terribly suffered and physically suffered. In the habit, he was trying to rehabilitate. IN lately He survived only because he was very strong and courageous man. Three or four months ago, he filed very good hopes for recovery. It seemed to us that psychological reactions were returned, emotions, but later it was not confirmed, "said the head of the rehabilitation of neurosurgery at the Burdenko Hospital, Vladimir Naidin.

According to him, Aksenov also suffered from intestinal thrombosis: "It was with this diagnosis that he was sent from our research institute to the Sklifosovsky Institute, where it was operated. The operation has passed quite successfully, but, given heavy conditionwhich was in a patient before, still failed to avoid this tragic end. It is said that God gives a person as much as he can withstand. Vasily Aksyonov stood as much as unable to withstand the average person. "

According to literary critics Vladimir Bondarenko, who studied the work of the writer, the death of Aksenov became a real blow on the literature of the sixties, the literature of Russian emigration and the entire literature of the last century. "Aksenov is definitely one of the brightest and most famous Russian writers in the whole world of the second half of the 20th century. Of course, his books will be reprinted, because they have already passed the time check, "he said.

About Vasily Aksenov in 2009 was removed documentary "Vasily Aksenov. It is a pity that you were not with us. " The writers Anatoly Gladilin, Evgeny Popov, Alexander Kabakov, Bella Ahmadulin and Anatoly Niman told about Aksenian. Lily Denis, Translator Vasily Asyunova, shared his memories of the early 1960s, told about the first acquaintance with the prointer of the writer. Among those who also told in the film about Aksenov - Boris Messer, Oleg Tabakov and Alexey Kozlov.

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The text has prepared Andrei Goncharov

Used materials:

Materials site www.biograph.ru.
Materials site www.rian.ru.
Materials site www.news.km.ru.
Materials site www.jewish-library.ru.
Materials site www.people.com.
Article Text "Vasily Aksenov: Maya - home Love", Author O.Kucchina

Vasya, let's talk about love. Turgenev was Viardo, Scott Fitzgerald - Zelda, Herzen - Natasha, not be it, not born great Book "Purchase and Duma". What is his woman for the writer? Happened in your life, what did you write for the sake of the girl for the sake of a woman?

So it was not ... But still such an exalted was. And our main love - I do not know how Maya looks at it, but I look like this: Maya, yes.

I remember well: the house of creativity in Pitsunde, you appear with an interesting blonde, and everyone is shook that, they say, Vasya Aksenov helped his wife at the famous Knosetalist Roman Karmena ...

I did not take her away. She was his wife for another ten years.

- Have you been familiar with him?

Not. I rode once with him in the "Red Arm" in Peter. I was under the jar. And I already heard about his wife. And I tell him: is it true that you have a very pretty wife? He says: I like it. So he said, and maybe somewhere deposited.

- How old was you?

Of the year 32 or 33. I was married. Kira I had a wife. Kira - Mom Alexey. And with her somehow it was very bad ... In fact, we lived, in general, fun. Before the birth of a child, before it spread out ...

- Everything changed because she slipped? It became you ... offended? ..

It began to offend her. I began to this time, well, famous writer. Wasted everywhere with our celebrities ... Different adventures happened ... She began to roll the scene ...

- And began as a student marriage?

No, I have already graduated from the Med Institute in St. Petersburg. And with each other we went to Karelian shelters, our interests are sport, jazz, TO-CE. And he told me: I saw one girl on dancing ... She came out there with her grandmother, old Bolsheviki. She served in prison, she had just let her go, it was 1956. And she sat since 1949 ...

- And your mother sat ...

My mother was sitting in 1937. And Kirin Grandma somehow raised to the case of the Voznesensky ...

- What is Voznesensky?

Not Andrei, of course, and the one who sent all party work in the Soviet Union. He was planted and shot. His nephew came, who told how he sat in prison alone and all the time wrote the letters to Stalin, which is not to blame for anything. And suddenly one finely politburo is almost in full composition He entered his camera, and he saw them shouted: I knew my friends that you would come to me! And then Lazar Kaganovich so in his ear gave that the flames.

- Why did they come?

Just look at the defeated enemy.

- Sadists ...

And Kira pound the Institute of Foreign Languages \u200b\u200band sang different foreign songs very cool ...

- And your heart melted.

That's it. And then ... all sorts of things were ...

- Stuff - love hobbies?

Love hobbies. It is always on the houses of creativity. And somehow we come to the house of creativity in Yalta. There is married, my friend. We sit with him, and he rubs his handles: Oh, the wife of Carmen here ...

- rubbing the handles, thinking that you will have a novel now?

He thought he would have a novel. She just arrived and hooked to Bella Ahmadulina's table. And I were always friends with Bella. And Bella tells me: Vasya, Vasya, come here, you are familiar with Maye, like you are not familiar with Maya! .. And Maya looks at me, and she has a very exhausted look, because Karnamen had a heart attack, and she All winter he cared for him, and when he recovered, she went to Yalta. And then she began to laugh, having fun. And in Yalta there was our steamer "Georgia", a ship of literature. Because the captain was Tole Garagul, he adored literature and always lured to himself, having arranged the peers to us. And here we are with Maya ... Mayha for some reason always covered the table, well, somehow tried, I spread something like that, trying to be closer to her ...

- Immediately fell in love?

Yes. And I tell her: here you see what the cabin is the captain, and in general somehow it is all fraught, and tomorrow my wife will leave ... And she says: and we will be closer to each other. He sees everything and says: I'm leaving ... and sailed on this "Georgia." And we returned to the house of creativity. I spent Kiru, and some peers began. Bella came up with something, walked and said: You know, I heard that previous people have buried the bottle of champagne for us, let's look for. And we were looking for and found.

- The divorce of Maya was heavy?

It was not that such a divorce, and it was not hard, she was such a laughter. Everything happened gradually and, in general, quite openly. We met many times in the south, and in Moscow too. I still continued to live with Kira, but we already parted. Of course, it was not easy, but love with Maya was very strong ... We traveled everywhere together. In Cheget, in the mountains, in Sochi. Together we did not sit down, because we did not have a stamp in the passport, but next. Abroad, of course, she went alone, brought me some kind of clothes ...

- Time is happier in life?

Yes. This coincided with the "Metropol", around us everything was spinning around us, she all prepared there. But this is after the death of Roman Lazarevich. At that time we were in Yalta, her daughter got through and said.

- He did not attempt to return Maya?

He is not, but he had a friend, Julian Semenov, he walked around me and said: Give him a shirt.

- What does I mean? She is not a thing.

Well, yes, but he said exactly.

- You have no habit, like poets, dedicate things to someone?

Not. But the novel "Burn" is dedicated to Maya. And the story "Ivan" is our Vanechka. Did you hear what happened to our Vanya?

- No, what? Vanya - grandson of Maya?

She grandson, I was a son. He was 26 years old, he cumshots American University. Alena, his mother, was a very hard life in America, and he somehow tried to move away from her. I went to the state of Colorado, there were three friends: American, Venezuelec and he, three handsome, and they could not find work. Worked on the mail, in rescue stations, in the mountains. He had love with a girl-German, they already lived together. But then she left somewhere, in general, he was not singing out, and they went to Troy in San Francisco. All huge, and Vanya our huge. He has already forgotten this Greta, he had a lot of girls. When everyone traveled to us on the funeral, we saw a lot of pretty girls. He lived on the seventh floor, went out to the balcony ... They were all fond of the book, written allegedly three-year-old Chinese sage. That is, no one seen him and did not know, but they knew that he was three thousand years old. I saw this book, it was possible to recognize fate. And Vanya wrote his letters. There it was necessary to somehow write correctly: dear oracles. And he allegedly answered something. And it seems to be Vanya said: Jump from the seventh floor ...

- some kind of sectarian history.

He seemed to be not going to jump. But he had such a habit - to look down ...

- They say, do not look into the abyss, otherwise the abyss will look into you.

And he flew down. Two students were then with him. They ran to him, he was already lying on Earth, woke up and said: I went through alcohol and laughed through the railing. After that, it turned off and no longer came to my senses.

- How did you move it? How did Maya transferred?

Horribly. Perfectly terrible. The nightmare began.

- When did it happen?

In 1999. We were friends with him just wonderful. Somehow he was close to me. I did the best pictures. I also wanted to take it on Gotland. When I lived in America, I left for Gotland every summer, in Sweden, there, too, there is a house of creativity like ours, and I wrote there. This house of creativity on the top of the mountain, and at the bottom of the huge church of St. Mary. When you rise to the third floor, you see chimeras on the church, they look into the windows. I often looked and afraid that Chimera will look into my life. And she looked. Maya was in Moscow, I am in America. I called my friend Zhenya Popov and said ...

- It seemed to me that, in spite of everything, your life is happy and easy.

No, very heavy.

Did you write a story about Vanychka - it became easier for you? In general, when the writer processes the substance of life in prose, it becomes easier?

I do not know. Not. Writing is happiness. But when you write about misfortune - it is not easier. She is there in the story, that is, Maya, asks: What are we going to do now? And I answer her: we will live sad.

- Vasya, why did you leave the country - this time and why came back - two?

I left, because they wanted me to get to your hands.

- You were afraid that they would be put on?

Not. Will kill.

- Will kill? Did you know it?

There was an attempt. It was 1980. I drove from Kazan, from my father, on the "Volga", a summer empty highway, and "KAMAZ" and two motorcycles came to me. He walked right for me to meet, they closed the road, blinded me ...

- Have you been driving? How did you manage to avoid a collision?

Just angel keeper. I have never been somehow as a, just he told me what to do. He said: Circling to the right to the very end, now gas, and twist back, back, back. And we were slipped through the edge of the road.

And I considered you a good luck ... You entered the literature so beautifully, instantly, you can say, starting writing, as no one wrote. Work of consciousness or hand drove?

In general, the hand drove, of course. I contacted Kataev. Then we were friends with him, and he was very proud that we were so friendly ...

You are talking about his "diamond crown", "the grass of oblivion", that they began to call "Moviem", from the French "Mo" - the word, the taste of the word as such? And I have the impression that first you started, then he came to his senses and began to write in a new way.

May be. Quite. He told me: the old man, you know, everything is so great for you, but you are in vain to hold the plot, you do not need to develop the plot.

- You had a wonderful immudy thing "searching for the genre" with the definition of the genre "search for the genre" ...

By this time, he went to us. Already "Metropol", and he, speaking on his 80th anniversary on TV, said: You know, I am so grateful to our party, I am so grateful to the Union of Writers ... I bowed. Last time I drove around the Kiev road and saw him - he stood, so big, and looked at the road ... If there was no such threat to my novels, I would still, maybe did not leave. "Burn", "Island of Crimea", the mass of ideas were written. All this could not be printed here and began to be printed in the West. And in the West, when I started writing my big novels, such a story happened. My main publishing house "Random House" was sold to another publisher. My publisher said me: do not worry, everything will remain in the old way. But they appointed a man who first looked after, and then said: if you want to make a profit, you should drive out all intellectuals.

- And you got to this list? Like us.

Imagine income or disappear - they have such a saying. This man became the vice-president of the publishing company, and I realized that my books would no longer be there. And I suddenly realized that I was returning to Russia, because I was again saving my literature. The main thing, I returned to my residence last language.

- Vasya, you lived in America and in Russia. What is better for life there and here?

My books are read in America. This, of course, not what was in the USSR ... But I am published by 75 thousand, 55 thousand ...

But I am not asking about your selfish, so to speak, joy, I ask about something else: How does life in America arranged and how it works?

In America amazing life actually. Incredibly comfortable, cozy. In France is not so cozy, as in America.

- What is the convenience? Are you argued to you, you smile, help you?

It is too. There is a lot of things. There the university takes on the lot of your concerns and is engaged in all this bodic, which is the formalness of life, it is terribly convenient.

- What do you like in Russia?

Language. I like very tongue. I can not say anything else.

- To whom and what do you feel obliged in life?

I am now writing one thing about my childhood. It was monstrous. Nevertheless, the monster somehow gave me the opportunity to survive. Mom served, father sat. When I was exposed that I hid information about the mother and the Father, I was kicked out of the University of Kazan. Then they restored. I could get to prison in reality. Then such a successful combination of the 60s, "thaw" and all together - it hardered and brought up me.

- Did you feel inside a free person?

No, I was not a free person. But I never felt myself a Soviet man. I came to my mother in Magadan to the settlement, when I was 16 years old, we lived on the very outskirts of the city, and these convoyed were dragged by us, I looked at them and understood that I did not soviet man. Completely categorically: not Soviet. I even aimed once in Stalin.

- How is it in a portrait?

No, alive. I walked with the guys from the Construction Institute in Red Square. We walked, and I saw Mausoleum, where they stood, black figures on the right, brown on the left, and in the middle - Stalin. I was 19 years old. And I thought: how easily you can aim and get it from here.

- I imagine, whether you have something in your hands, whatever you have done.

Naturally.

- And now you feel free?

I felt it, hitting the west. That I can go there and there, in any place globe, and I can behave as I want. The question is only in money.

- Like us now.

Now everything is completely different. All other. Among other things, I have two citizenship.

- If anything, will not beat the passport.

Then I will resist.

- Returning to the beginning of the conversation, a woman for you, as a writer, continues to be a moving stimulus?

We are the elderly, you need to die ...

- You're going to?

Sure.

- How do you do it?

I'm thinking about it.

- Are you afraid of death?

I do not know what will happen. It seems to me that something should happen. It can not so easily end. We are all children of Adam, where he, there and we, he threatens returning to paradise, so we are following him ...

Selected works

Prose:

1960 - "Colleagues" (Tale)
1961 - "Star ticket" (Tale)
1963 - "Oranges from Morocco" (Tale)
1964 - "Catapult", (tale and stories)
1964 - "It's time, my friend, it's time" (Tale)
1964 - "halfway to the moon", (collection of stories)
1965 - "Victory" (story with exaggeration)
1965 - "It is a pity that you were not with us" (Tale)
1968 - "Ovrichny Boccotra" (Tale)
1969 - "Love for electricity" (Tale)
1971 - "Story about a basketball team playing basketball" (essay)
1972 - "In search of the genre" (Tale)
1972 - "My grandfather is a monument" (Tale)
1973 - "Golden Journe" (Roman)
1975 - "Burn" (Roman)
1976 - "The chest in which something knocks" (story)
1979 - "Island of Crimea" (Roman)
1983 - "Say raisins"
1987 - "In search of sad baby"
1989 - Yolk of the Egg ((English) translation into Russian - "Eggs Yolk", 2002)
1994 - Moscow Saga (Roman-epic) Actress "Moscow Saga"
1998 - "New Sweet Style"
2000 - "Cesarean glow"
2004 - "Voltairians and Voltaryanka" (Roman, the Russian Booker Prize)
2006 - "Moscow Kva-kva" (Roman)
2007 - "Rare Lands"
2009 - " Mysterious passion. Roman about the sixties "

Scenarios for movies:

1962 - when bridges are bred
1962 - Colleagues
1962 - my younger brother
1970 - Host
1972 - Marble house
1975 - center of the insight
1978 - While the dream is mad
2007 - Tatiana
2009 year - jester

Pieces:

1965 - "Always on sale"
1966 - "Your killer"
1968 - "Four temperaments"
1968 - "Aristropanian with frogs"
1980 - "Heron"
1998 - "Mountain, Mount, burn"
1999 - "Aurora Gorenina"
2000 - "Ah, Arthur Shopenhauer"

Writer, screenwriter Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov was born on August 20, 1932 in Kazan in the family of the party leader. Parents were repressed, up to 16 years old Vasily Aksenov was brought up in an orphanage, then aunt. Several years lived in Magadan, where his mother was on the settlement, Evgenia Ginzburg, author the famous novel About the Stalinist camps "Cool Route." In Magadan Aksenov graduated from high school.

The first stories of Vasily Aksenova "Torches and Roads" and "One-People of Media" were printed in 1958 in the journal "Youth", I acquired fame after the publication in 1960, the stories of the "colleagues", in which the movie the same name was sent soon.

Written in the early 1960s of the story "Star ticket", "Oranges from Morocco", the stories "Local Julian Abramashvili", "Comrade Handsome Fairkin", "It's a pity that you were not with us" and others were denoted by critics as "youth prose".

In 1975, the novel "Burn" was written, and in 1979 - the "Island of Crimea", prohibited to publication by Cancer.

In 1976, he translated from English popular novel Edgar Dr. Dottorow "Retaym".

In 1979, together with Andrei Bitov, Viktor Erofeev, Fazil Iskander, Evgeny Popov, Bella Ahmadulina Aksenov became one of the organizers and authors of the Uncementless literary almanac "Metropol" published in the United States.

In December 1979, he declared the exit from the Union of Writers of the USSR in protest against the exclusion from the Union of Viktor Yerofeyev and Evgenia Popov.

Since 1981, Aksenov is a professor of Russian literature at various Universities in USA: Institute Kennan (1981-1982), University of J. Washington (1982-1983), University of Gajorja Mason (1988-2004). He led a seminar for many years " Modern Roman "The elasticity of the genre", and then the course "two centuries of the Russian novel", was fond of the teachings of Shklovsky, Tynyanov, Bakhtina.

In 1980-1991, Vasily Aksenov actively collaborated with the radio station "Freedom" as a journalist.

Washington came out in the USSR written in the USSR, but first published only after leaving the writer in the US, the novels "Burn", "Island of Crimea", "Golden Journe".

In the US, Aksenov was written and published new novels: "paper landscape" (1982), "Say raisins" (1985), "In search of sad baby" (1986), Moscow Saga trilogy (1989, 1991, 1993), compilation Stories "Negative Positive Hero" (1995), "New Sweet Style" (1996). Roman "Eggs Yolk" (1989) was written by Aksen in English, and then translated by the author into Russian.

In 1989, for the first time after a long break, Aksenov visited the USSR at the invitation of the American ambassador Jack Matlock.

Since the late 1980s, he began to publish again in Russia. After returning to him in 1990, the citizenship of Aksenov often came to Russia, his works were printed, including in the journal "Youth", a meeting of its writings was published.

In June 1999, the first Aksen readings took place in Moscow, which the writer arrived from the United States.

Since 2002, Aksenov lived in France, in Biarritz.

In 2004, he was awarded the title of Honorary Professor of the University of George Mason (USA).

In April 2007, another Roman Aksenova was issued in Moscow - "rare lands".

Vasily Aksenov - the author of the plays "always on sale", "your killer", "four temperaments", "Aristofanian with frogs", "Heron", "Mountain, Mount, burn", "Aurora Korweika", "Ah, Arthur Schopenhauer" And filmcenerers of films "When bridges are breed", "My younger brother", "Marble House", "Center", "While the dream is mad." His best thing writer considered the novel "New Sweet Style".

In 2009, after the death of the author, the last finished Roman Vasily Aksenov was published - "the mysterious passion. Roman about the sixties", in 2010 the unfinished autobiographical novel "Land Lizovsky. Lend Leasing".

Material prepared on the basis of RIA news and open sources

Vasily Aksenov, Soviet Distant Writer. Born in 1932. From under his feather, many novels translated into many languages \u200b\u200bof the world came out. Born in the USSR, immigrated to the United States.

Vasily Aksenov was born in August 1932 in Kazan. His mother came from the Jewish family, thanks to this in 1980 he managed to leave the USSR. But all youth, youth he spent in the USSR. Vasily Aksenova had a summary brother and sister who were children of parents from their first marriages.

Mom had a direct attitude to journalistic activity and writing. She worked as a journalist, wrote memoirs, fond of history. She passed all the tests of the Stalinist regime, repression and subsequently wrote a popular novel "Cool route" dedicated to this particular topic. Subsequently, she wrote another version of this novel, but in more stringent exposure tones, but it was forced to squeeze him and all drafts soon, because this novel "Under the canopy of Luciferov wings" was too straightforward, and the woman was afraid that she was repressed again.

Undoubtedly, the talents of their parents and their concerns, fears to be persecuted for dissent, could not help but impose an imprint to the perception of the world of Little Vasily. He absorbed this particular environment in the country, grew up by a thinking person with critical thinking, which, undoubtedly, transmired him from his parents.

Childhood years and formation

When Vasily was 4 years old, then both parents found themselves in the link. His consolidated brother and sister were taken by relatives, and Vasily Soviet government indicatively sent to the shelter, where he grew up in difficult conditions with children as he "enemies of the people."

In 1938, the uncle managed to find and achieve the right to bring up the nephew. He was allowed to pick up Vasily from the boarding school in Kostroma and take to her homeland in Kazan, where he lived until 48 years old, that is 10 years.

After graduation future writer decided to enter the Medical Institute. It was quite difficult to do, but the young man was distinguished by the natural grip of the mind, congenital desire for knowledge.

He entered the institute and in 1956 he successfully finished medical university In Leningrad. On the distribution of the future doctor wanted to appoint the Baltic Marine Shipping Company to serve the functions of the ship's doctor. At that time, his parents were rehabilitated, which became possible only thanks to the death of Stalin. And although all accusations with them were removed and 10 years in the link were found illegal, nevertheless, the state with distrust relates to such people.

Perhaps the authorities decided that the journey around the world with the sailors of the Soviet fleet was too risky for Vasily, which could remain abroad. Perhaps his Jewish origin was influenced, but in the end he was notified that he was closed access to the exit abroad, and he would be a quarantine doctor in the Far North. What, in fact, little differed from the reference. For some time, he worked in the north, but soon he managed to get a table of a tuberculous hospital in Moscow.

All these naming, forced orphans with living parents because of their repression, of course, was subsequently reflected in creative biography Aksenova. In particular, he wrote the novel "Burn", which tells exactly this for the gross time of Stalinist repression, universal suspicion and hysteria in search of enemies of the people.

Literary

Working in the specialty, Vasily Aksyonov in parallel everything is more seriously interested in literature. His first story, which can already be boldly attributed to the category of professional, was called "colleagues", it was published in the 60s in the journal. Then the Roman "Star ticket" appeared, which was also successful. On him even was removed cult movie In the USSR "My younger brother", in which other stars of Soviet cinema shot.

The novel and the film on its basis had a huge success, since Vasily Aksenov managed to film the image of the Youth of the 60s, who are looking to be bold and decisively, but feel lost in this huge world. They are moving around between quiet accommodation in Moscow, a trip to the north or west to the Baltic States. As a result, they have to go through many tests and even losses, but yesterday's teenagers in these difficult conditions quickly grow up, return to Moscow already with completely different people.

After that, simple readers are more and more interested in the work of the original writer.

Special Path

It is published in magazines, he becomes fashionable. In 1963, he was crushed by criticism from Nikita Khrushchev, which always satisfied with a larger span of the intelligentsia: artists, writers, journalists. Nikita Sergeyevich seemed that the works of a young writer would be a dissident and that he had his own surrender to life, which does not coincide with the USSR development vector. Could a writer remain indifferent and to political life in USSR. Among the few intellectuals, he went to the Red Square with protests against attempts to rehabilitate Stalin. It was in the 60s that many were regarded incredible audacity.

His dissident novels about the stroke and repression reigned in the USSR were published in the United States, which caused discontent soviet authorities. Later, Vasily Aksenov demonstratively left the very prestigious allisor of writers in protest to exclude his two colleagues from him. It was the last drop.

Emigration and New Life

Soon the writer left the USSR. I must say that many dissidents, human rights defenders would dream of such a fate. It is known how many attempts to become a reprimion was in soviet times. But mainly the fate of the devivelons was limited to forced treatment in psychiatric hospitals, and in this Vasily Aksenov was lucky much more. At least he was not counted for the crazy as dissent and was not placed in the hospital. It affected the fact that the USSR allowed repatriation to persons jewish origin. And since Vasily Aksyonov had jewish roots, he was allowed to leave. He settled in the United States, where his exposure novels about hard life in their homeland were perceived with great interest. He worked as a journalist on the radio stations "Voice of America" \u200b\u200band on Radio Liberty.

He himself believed that his immigration was not voluntary, but forced, and he did not want to leave the USSR. Nevertheless, he found himself in America and had to start his new life. It was in the USA that he managed to publish a lot of his literary LaborWhat was unthinkable for the USSR.

Last years of life and the return of citizenship

In 1990, the writer returned citizenship and invited back to the country, but he refused to come, his family settled in France. He came to Moscow by departures. Interest in his work again rose.

Personal life

Behind the Writer two marriages. The first spouse was Kira Mendeleev, from a very good intelligent and famous family. The spouses had a son Alexey, who is now engaged in directed, including and commercials.

The second wife became Maya Carmen - beautiful girl, a representative of the "Golden Youth" of the USSR, a daughter of a worker who has been engaged in the USSR foreign trade.

It was love at first sight, although both were not free at that time. To conclude a marriage, they had to go through a lot, including condemnation of friends.

Death

Vasily Aksyonov died in 2009 after a stroke changed. It happened in Moscow. Doctors fought for his life, writer for a long time was in a coma literally between life and death. But in the end, he could not recover and died on July 6, 2009 after illness. He was buried at the Vagankov cemetery in Moscow. It is noteworthy that his second spouse life also developed tragically. She survived a lot of losses. Her grandson fell out of the window at the age of 26, and his daughter from the first marriage in enough young age Suddenly died in a dream. And soon after that, Vasily Aksyorn himself left.

Until now, Kazan is held literary meetings, dedicated to creativity This great writer, who created mainly the work of the life of young people in the USSR, about the sixties, he skillfully described the acute socio-political problems with his characteristic directive.

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Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov (August 20, 1932, Kazan - July 6, 2009, Moscow) - Russian writer.

Since 1980, he lived in the United States (where he taught at universities and worked as a radio journalist), in last years Life - in France. In addition to prose and dramaturgy in Russian, wrote scenarios for art films, was the co-author of the group adventure novel "Jin Green - Non-Plan", published one book on english language ("Yolk eggs", 1989) and translated from this language.

early years

Vasily Aksenov was born on August 20, 1932 in Kazan, in the family of Pavel Vasilyevich Aksenov (1899-1991) and Evgenia Solomonna Ginzburg (1904-1977). He was the third, the youngest child in the family (and the only common child of the parents). Father, Pavel Vasilyevich, was the chairman of the Kazan City Council and a member of the Bureau of the Tatar Committee of the CPSU. Mother, Evgenia Solomonovna, worked as a teacher at the Kazan Pedagogical Institute, then the head of the Department of Culture of the Red Tataria newspaper. Subsequently, after passing the Stalinist camps, during the exposure of the cult of personality, Evgenia Ginzburg became the author of the book of memories of the "steep route" - one of the first memoir books about the Epoch of Stalinist Repression and Camps, who told about eighteen years spent by the author in prison, Kolyma camps and reference .

In 1937, when Vasily Aksenov was not also five years old, both parents (first a mother, and then soon - and his father) were arrested and convicted for 10 years in prison and camps. Senior Children - Sister Maya (daughter P. V. Aksenova) and Alyosh (Son E. S. Ginsburg from the first marriage) - Relatives were taken to him. Vasya was forcibly sent to an orphanage for children of prisoners (his grandmothers were not allowed to leave the child in themselves). In 1938, Brother P. Aksyunova - Andreian Vasilyevich Aksenov managed to find a little Vasya in an orphanage in Kostroma and take him to himself. Vasya lived in the house of Ksenia Vasilyevna Aksyunova (his aunt on his father) until 1948, while his mother Evgeny Ginzburg, coming out in 1947 from the camp and leaving the link in Magadan, did not achieve permission to arrive at Vasya to the Kolyma arrival. Meeting with Vasya Yevgeny Ginzburg described in the "cool route".

Many years later, in 1975, Vasily Aksenov described his Magadan Youth in the autobiographical novel "Burn".

In 1956, Aksenov graduated from the 1st Leningrad Medical Institute and received the distribution to the Baltic Marine Shipping Company, where he had to work as a physician on long-scale ships. Despite the fact that his parents were already rehabilitated, the tolerance did not give him. In the future, it was mentioned that Aksenov worked as a quarantine doctor in the Far North, in Karelia, in the Leningrad Maritime Trade Port and the Tuberculous Hospital in Moscow (according to other data, was a consultant at the Moscow Research Institute of Tuberculosis).

The beginning of literary activities

Since 1960, Vasily Aksenov is a professional writer. The story of "colleagues" (written in 1959; the eponymous play together with the city of Stabov, 1961; the eponymous film, 1962), the novels "Star ticket" (written in 1961; for him, "My younger brother" was shot, 1962), The story "Oranges from Morocco" (1962), "It's time, my friend, it's time" (1963), the collections of "Catapult" (1964), "halfway to the moon" (1966), the play "Always on sale" (theater formulation " Contemporary ", 1965); In 1968, a satirco-fantastic story was published "cluttered barcotar." In 1964, he took part in writing a collective detective novel "The one who laughs" published in the newspaper "Week" laughs.

In the 1960s, the works of V. Aksyonov are often printed in the journal "Youth". For several years, he is a member of the editorial board of the magazine. Adventure Dilogy for Children: "My grandfather is a monument" (1970) and "The chest in which something knocks" (1972).

The historical and biographical genre includes a story about L. Krasin "Love for electricity" (1971). The experimental work of "searching for the genre" was written in 1972 (the first publication in the magazine "New World"; in the subtitle, indicating the product genre, also marked "searching for the genre").

In 1972, together with O. Gorchakov and G. Married, he wrote a novel-parody for a spy fighter "Jean Green - Non-Ambassadable" under the pseudonym Grivadium Gorpecos (combination of the names and the names of the authors themselves).

1976 - Translated from English Roman E. L. Doctorow "Ragtaym".

Social activity. Publications abroad

Back in March 1963, at a meeting with the intelligentsia in the Kremlin Nikita Khrushchev, Aksenova (together with Andrei Vesonsensky) defeat criticism.

On March 5, 1966, Vasily Aksyunov participated in an attempt to demonstrate on Red Square in Moscow against the alleged rehabilitation of Stalin and was detained by the warriors. In 1967-1968, he signed a number of letters in defense of dissidents, for which he received a reprimand with the Writers of the USSR Writers in the Moscow branch.

In the 1970s, after the end of the "thaw", the works of Aksenov cease to be published in their homeland. Novels "Burn" (1975) and "Crimea Island" (1977-1979, partially written during his stay in Koktebel) from the very beginning were created by the author without calculating the publication. At this time, the criticism in the address of Aksenov and its works was becoming more sharp: such epithets as "non-counseling" and "non-rigging" were used. In 1977-1978, the works of Aksenov began to appear abroad, primarily in the United States.

In 1978, V. Aksyonov, together with Andrei Bitov, Viktor Yerofeev, Fazil Iskander, Evgeny Popov and Bella Ahmadulina became the organizer and author of the Becsente almanac "Metropol" and not published in Soviet objects. Almanac was published in the United States. All Almanac participants underwent "studying". In protest against the presence of the USSR and Yerofeyev, who followed this, from the USSR Writers in December 1979, as well as Inna Lyunanskaya and Semyon Lipkin, stated their release from the joint venture. The story of Almanac is set out in the novel with the key "Tell the" Raisin "."

In emigration

On July 22, 1980, he left at the invitation to the United States, after which he was deprived of Soviet citizenship. Until 2004 lived in the United States.

Since 1981, Vasily Aksenov - Professor of Russian literature at various universities in USA: University of J. Washington (GWU) (GWUCHER College) (Goucher College) (1983-1988), University of George Mason (GMU) (GMU) (1988-2009 ), and was also an employee (fellow) center of Wilson Institute named after George Kennan in Washington.

In 1980-1991, as a journalist actively collaborated with the Voice of America and with Radio Liberty. Collaborated with the magazine "Continent" and Almana "Verb". Aksenov Radioocheries were published in the author's compilation "Decade of slander" (2004).

In the United States, written by Aksenov in Russia, but first published only after the appearance of the writer in America novels "Golden Journery" (1973, 1980), "Burn" (1976, 1980), "Island of Crimea" (1979, 1981), collection of stories "Right to the island" (1981).

In the US, V. Aksyunov, new novels were written and published: "Paper landscape" (1982), "Say" Raisins "" (1985), "In search of sad baby" (1986), "Yolk eggs" (1989, in English) , The trilogy "Moscow Saga" (1989-1993), a collection of stories "Negative a positive hero" (1995), "New Sweet Style" (1996) (dedicated to the life of Soviet emigration in the USA), "Cesarean glow" (2000).

For the first time after nine years, the Emigration of Aksenov visited the USSR in 1989. In 1990, V. Aksenov returned Soviet citizenship.

After 1991

In recent years of life, lived with his family in Biarritz (France).

The "Moscow Saga" trilogy (1992) was highlighted in Russia in 2004 by A. Bishchevsky in a 24-serial television series.

In 1992, Gaidar reforms were actively supported. In his expression: "Gaidar gave Pinka Mother Russia."

In 1993, during the overclocking of the Supreme Council, it was solidified with signatories in support of B. N. Yeltsin.

The book of memories "Zenitsa Oka" (2005) is character personal diary.

In 2007, the novel "Rare Lands" was published.

On January 15, 2008, in Moscow, V. Aksenov suddenly felt very badly, was hospitalized in Hospital No. 23, where stroke was diagnosed. After the day after the hospitalization, Aksenov was transferred to the name of Sklifosovsky, where he conducted an operation to remove the carotid artery thrombus. As of January 29, 2008, doctors assessed the state of the writer as extremely heavy. On August 28, 2008, the condition remained "consistently heavy." On March 5, 2009, new complications arose, Aksenov was translated into the Nii of the Burdenko name and was operated. Later, Aksenov was translated back to the NIi named after Sklifosovsky.

July 6, 2009 after long disease Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov died in Moscow, in the Research Institute of Sklifosovsky.

The house was restored in Kazan, where the writer lived in adolescence, and in November 2009, a museum of his work was created there.

In October 2009, the last finished Roman Vasily Aksenov was published - "Mysterious passion. The novel about the sixties, "the individual chapters of which were published in 2008 in the magazine" Collection of Caravan Stories ". Roman autobiographical; his main characters became idols soviet literature And the arts of the 1960s: Robert Christmas, Evgeny Yevtushenko, Bella Ahmadulina, Andrei Voznesensky, Bulat Okudzhava, Andrei Tarkovsky, Vladimir Vysotsky, Ernst Unknown, Marlene Hutsiev, Roman Carmen, Marina Vlad, Yuri Nagibin and others. To distancing from the memoir genre, the author gave the characteristics of the novel fictional names. At the same time, the names were changed so consonant so that everyone was easily recognizable. In 2015, the series was removed based on this novel, the premiere show of which was held in November 2016 on the "First Channel".

In 2010, I saw the light of the unknown autobiographical Roman Aksenova "Land-Lizovsky".

Colleague estimates

"Aksenov has always been fashionable. He managed, what all writers dream of, - to step over the border of generations. He conquered all - and romantic readers of the journal "Youth", and bearded dissidents, and today's Russia "(Alexander Genis).

Aksenova at that time was called an expert on the city life. "There are" villagers ", and in the city he, Aksyonov. (Georgy Gardeners. My classmate Vasya / "Vasily Aksenov is a lonely runner for long distances").

"Aksenov in America and remained a well-known writer for a narrow circle. I suspect that he wanted to be the author of American bestseller and quite upset that nothing happened. In my understanding, even theoretically could not work out. To create an American bestseller, you need to write badly and about nonsense. But this Aksenov, with all efforts, will not be able. " (Anatoly Gladlin. Aksenovskaya Saga).

"Talented Beller. Life did not snuff ... "(Ville Lipatov).

"Aksenov is a swing, a swing rhythm, a routine, jazz and jazz optional style" (Dmitry Bykov).

Awards, honorary titles, premiums

In the US, V. Aksenov was awarded the honorary title of Doctor of Humane Letters. He was a member of the Pen Club and the American Author's League. Honorary member of the Russian Academy of Arts.

2004 - Russian Booker Prize for Roman "Voltairians and Voltajanka".

2005 - Kavaler of the Ordena of Arts and Literature (France)

2007 - Medal "In memory of the 1000th anniversary of Kazan"

2007 - Laureate of the Tsarskoil Art Prize

Memory

In Kazan since 2007, in the fall (in October), the International Literary and Music Festival Aksenov-Fest is held (the first one has passed under his personal participation), in 2009 the building is recreated and the Literary House-Museum of Aksenova, which operates the city literary club.

In 2015, a discovery was discovered in Kazan after the reconstruction of the Aksenov Garden. Opening the name Square has become the end of the Aksenov-Fest festival. Garden Aksenova began its work with the opening of a memorable sign dedicated to Vasily Aksenov. This sign is a self-portrait of the author, made in the caricature genre, so he signed his manuscripts.

In 2016, a sculptural composition dedicated to the writer appeared in the Aksenov Garden.

In 2017, the Portal "Aksenov Island" began operating to the 85th anniversary of Vasily Aksenov.

Books about Aksenov

• 2011 - Alexander Kabakov and Evgeny Popov. "Aksenov". The authors are extremely concerned about the question of "writing fate", referring to the intricacies of the biography, the birth of a great personality. Superbate of the book is to resist the distortion of facts in favor of a particular conjuncture.
• 2012 - Victor Esipov. "About lost time."
• 2012 - Dmitry Petrov. "Aksenov" (a book from the "Life of Wonderful People" series).
• 2012 - Dmitry Petrov. "Vasily Aksenov. Sentimental journey. "
• 2012 - Collection "Vasily Aksenov is a lone runner for long distances" (edited by Viktor Esipova). The collection includes the memories of contemporaries about the writer, part of his correspondence and interviews.
• 2016 - Victor Esipov "Four Life of Vasily Aksenova".

Studies of creativity V. P. Aksenova

• 1998 - Torunova Galina Mikhailovna. The evolution of the hero and the genre in the works of Vasily Aksenova: from prose to drama. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
• 2005 - Carlin Natalia Nikolaevna. The Myth of America in the American and Russian literature of the second half of the 20th century: E. L. Dr. and V. Aksyonov. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
• 2006 - Malikova Tatiana Aleksandrovna. Creativity V. Aksyonov 1960-1990s in English-speaking literary studies and criticism. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
• 2006 - Popov Ilya Vladimirovich. Artistic world works of Vasily Aksenova. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
• 2007 - Chernyshenko Olga Vasilyevna. Novels V. P. Aksenova: genre peculiarity, the problem of the hero and the features of the author's philosophy. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
• 2009 - Barrielo-Gonzalez Elena Yurevna. Roman V. P. Aksenova "Moscow Saga". The problem of the genre. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
• 2009 - Schieglov Yuri Konstantinovich. "Okavirny Boccotar" Vasily Aksenova.
• 2011 - Aksenova Violetta Vladimirovna. Genre peculiarity Prose V. Aksenova 1960-1970s. Dissertation thesis on the degree of candidate of philological sciences.

A family

• Sister (by Father) - Maya Pavlovna Aksenova (1925-2010), teacher-methodist, author of methodical and tutorials on teaching Russian.
• Brother (by Mother) - Alexey Dmitrievich Fedorov (1926-1942), died during the Leningrad blockade.
• Reception Mother's daughter - Actress Antonina Pavlovna Aksenova (Initial surname Hinchinskaya, Rod. 1945).
• First wife - Kira Ludwignova Mendeleva (1934-2013), daughter of the Lyosha Combridge (Ludwig Matveyevich) Gavro and the grandeer's famous pediatrician and organizer of Health of Yulia Aronna Mendel (1883-1959), founder and first rector (1925-1949) of the Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute .
  • Son - Alexey Vasilyevich Aksenov (born 1960), artist-director.
• The second wife - Maya Afanasyevna Aksyunova (1930-2014), the nee Knotul - the daughter of the Nomenclature worker Afanasii Andreevich Kmeula, who at the end of the life was headed by the foreign trade association "International Book". In the first marriage Ovchinnikova, in the second marriage married to R. L. Carmen, graduated from the All-Union Academy of Foreign Trade, worked in the Chamber of Commerce, the Russian taught Russian.
  • Padder, daughter of Maya Aksyunova - Elena (Alena) Greenberg (1954-2008).

Selected works

Prose

• 1958 - "One-time medical units" (story)
• 1959 - "Colleagues" (Tale), the film "Colleagues" (1962)
• 1961 - "Star ticket" (Tale), film "My younger brother" (1962)
• 1962 - "Oranges from Morocco" (Tale)
• 1963 - "It's time, my friend, it's time" (Tale)
• 1964 - "Catapult" (Tale and Stories)
• 1965 - "Victory" (story with exaggeration)
• 1965 - "It's a pity that you were not with us" (Tale), "Steel Bird" (a story with retreats and solo for Cornet)
• 1966 - "halfway to the moon" (book of stories)
• 1968 - "Folding Boccottar" (Tale), play in the Moscow Theater Studio "Tabackerka"
• 1969 - "Love for electricity" (Tale about L. B. Krasin)
• 1969 - "My grandfather is a monument" (Tale)
• 1971 - "Story about a basketball team playing basketball" (essay)
• 1972 - "Searches for the genre" (search for the genre)
• 1972 - "Gin Green Non-Ambassadable", in Sovat. With Ovid Gorchakov and Gregory Married
• 1973 - "Golden Journe" (Roman)
• 1975 - "Burn" (Roman)
• 1976 - "The chest in which something knocks" (story)
• 1976 - "Non-Stop's Row Days" (Tale)
• 1979 - "Island of Crimea" (Roman)
• 1982 - "Paper Landscape" (Roman)
• 1983 - "Say" Raisin "" (Roman)
• 1987 - "In search of sad baby"
• 1989 - Yolk of the EGG (Translation into Russian - "Eggs Yolk", 2002)
• 1981 - "Sviyazhsk" (Tale)
• 1992 - Moscow Saga (Roman-epic), film "Moscow Saga (TV series)"
• 1996 - "New Sweet Style" (Roman)
• 2000 - "Cesarean Glow" (Roman)
• 2004 - "Voltairians and Voltaryanka" (Roman, the Russian Booker Prize)
• 2006 - "Moscow Kva-kva" (Roman)
• 2007 - "Rare Lands" (Roman)
• 2007 - "Mysterious passion. Roman about the sixties ", the film" Mysterious Passion ", (2016)
• 2008 - Land-Lizovsky. (unfinished novel)
• 2009 - "Lion's Lair. Forgotten stories "(stories)
• 2014 - "One solid cargo" (incomputeled stories, essays and diaries)
• 2015 - "Catch a pigeon mail" (letters of 1940-1990)
• 2017 - "Island of the Personality" (Essays and Publicistics)

Scenarios for films

• 1962 - when bridges are bred
• 1962 - Colleagues
• 1962 - my younger brother
• 1966 - Travel (Filmalmans)
• 1967 - Stormy life in the south
• 1970 - Host
• 1972 - Marble house
• 1975 - center of the insight
• 1978 - While the dream is mad
• 2007 - Tatiana
• 2009 year - jester

Pieces

• 1965 - "Always on sale"
• 1966 - "Your killer"
• 1968 - "Four temperaments"
• 1968 - "Aristropanian with frogs"
• 1980 - "Heron"
• 1998 - "Mountain, Mount, burn"
• 1999 - "Aurora Gorelika"
• 2000 - "Ah, Arthur Shopenhauer"

Shielding

• 1962 - Colleagues
• 1962 - my younger brother (on the novel "Star ticket")
• 1966 - Journey (Filmalmans on the stories of "Dad, Sleep!", "Breakfasts forty-third year", "halfway to the moon")
• 2004 - Moscow Saga (TV series)
• 2015 - a mysterious passion (serial)

Bibliography

• Aksenov B.. "Colleagues" - M., Soviet writer, 1961. - 150,000 copies.
• Aksenov B.. "Catapult" - M., Soviet writer, 1964. - 30,000 copies.
• Aksenov B.. "It's time, my friend, it's time." - M., Young Guard, 1965. - 115,000 copies.
• Aksenov B.. "Halfway to the moon." - M., Soviet Russia, 1966. - 100,000 copies.
• Aksenov B.. "It is a pity that you were not with us" - M., Soviet writer, 1969. - 384 p., 100,000 copies.
• Aksenov B.. "Love for electricity." - M., Polizdat, 1971. - 200,000 copies; 2nd ed. 1974. - 200,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. "My grandfather is a monument." - M., Children's literature, 1972., 208 p., 100,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. The chest in which something knocks. - M.: Children's literature, 1976
• Aksenov V. "Island of Crimea." - M., Ogonek, 1990. - 200,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. Burn. - M., Ogonek, 1990. - 200,000 copies.
• Aksenov B.. "In search of a sad baby" - M., MAI - "Text", 1991. - 320 p., 100,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. My grandfather is a monument. Kemerovo, 1991.
• Aksenov V. Randenev. - M.: Text Reef, 1991
• Aksenov V. "In search of sad baby" "Two books about America". - independent almanac "End of the Century", 1992, - 50,000 copies ..
• Aksenov B.. Moscow Saga. In 3-kN. - M., Text, 1993-1994., - 50,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. "Right to the island." - M., Moscow worker, 1991. - 624 p. - 75,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. Moscow Saga. Kn. 1 "Generation of Winter". - Isograph.
• Aksenov V. Moscow Saga. Kn. 2 "War and Prison". - Isograph.
• Aksenov V. Moscow Saga. Kn. 3 "Prison and Peace". - Isograph.
• Aksenov V. "Negative a positive hero." - Vagrius Isograph, 1996. - 304 p., 10,000 copies ..
• Aksenov V. "Negative a positive hero." - Vagrius Isograph, 1998. - 304 p., 5,000 copies ..
• Aksenov V.
• Aksenov V. "The death of Pompeii." - Isograph.
• Aksenov V. "Cesarean glow." - Isograph of the Eksmo press, 2001. - 640 p. - 15,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. "Voltairians and Voltairians." - Isograph.
• Akseynov V. Timberned Boccotar. - M., Isograph-Eksmo press, 2001
• Aksenov V. Owner barcotar. - M., Isograph-Eksmo, 2002
• Aksenov V. "Oranges from Morocco" - M., Eksmo Isograph., 2003.
• Akseynov V. Yolkom Eggs. - M., Isograph of Eksmo., 2003
• Aksenov B.. "American Cyrillic" - M., UFO, 2004. - 3,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. "Rare lands." - Eksmo.
• Aksenov V. "Moscow kva-kva". - Eksmo, 2006.
• Aksenov V. "Decade slander". - Isographs - Eksmo, 2004. - 7 100 copies ..
• Aksenov V. "In search of sad baby." - M., Isograph - Eksmo, 2005. - 7,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. "Yolk eggs" - an image - Eksmo, 2005. - 7,000 copies.
• Aksenov V. Z.atovar barcotar. - M., Isograph-Eksmo, 2005
• Aksenov V. "Say raisins." - RIA "INFA".
• Aksenov V. "Say raisins." - Eksmo.
• Aksenov V. "Island Crimea." - Litagente myth.
• Aksenov V. "Island Crimea." - Isograph.
• Aksenov V. "Mysterious passion" (novel about the sixties). - Seven days, 2009. - 591 p.
• Aksenov V. Lend-Lizovskiy. - Eksmo.
• Aksenov V. "Lair Lion." - AST; Astrel.-5.
• Aksenov V. "Oh, this Bat Battle!". - Eksmo, 2012.
• Aksenov V. "One solid cargo". Compiler V. Esipov. - M., Eksmo, 2014.
• Aksenov V. "Catch a pigeon mail. Letters. " Compiler V. Esipov. - M., AST, 2015.
• Aksenov V. "Lair Lion." Compiler V. Esipov. M., Astrel.-5
• Aksenov V. Mysterious passion "(Roman about the sixties). Copyright. - M., IP Biryukova Oksana Anatolyevna, 2015. - 738 p. - 25,000 copies.

Vasily Pavlovich Aksenov - Prose, playwright - Born August 20, 1932in Kazan, the family of party workers, Evgenia Semenovna Ginzburg and Paul Vasilyevich Aksenova (parents are repressed in the late 1930s), I was sent in an orphanage for children of the "enemies of the people", and from 16 years old lived in Magadan, where his mother Evgenia Ginzburg was exist (the author later written and received the wide fame of the book "Cool Route"). Graduated in 1956. Leningrad Medical Institute until 1960. He worked as a doctor in hospitals.

Printed since 1959.. Fame to the writer brought a story "Colleagues" ( 1960 ), Many times reprinted, who also received an embodiment on the scene and on the screen. This and after it appeared to the story "Star ticket" ( 1961 ) and "Oranges from Morocco" ( 1963 ), Roman "It's time, my friend, it's time" ( 1964 ) And others strengthened the fame of one of the leaders of the "young prose", loudly declared itself at the turn of 1950-60s (A. Gladlin, A. Kuznetsov, E. Stankov, etc.). The works of Akseynov caused a stormy controversy in criticism, because They acted attention to the greatee problems of the "thaw" period and above all - on the eternal conflict of generations, which made particularly sharp forms in the conditions of the process of denial of totalitarian past characteristic of that time. How it is impossible to more consistent with the then spiritual life of society and the confessional nature of Aksenov prose, and preferential - sympathetic - the attention of the writer to inner world, psychology and even slang young generation: It is not by chance that at this time he becomes one of the most actively printed authors of the journal "Youth", for several years being a member of his editorial board. Appearance in 1968. The story "cluttered barcotar" indicates a change in the direction aesthetic searches The writer who comes out now, according to him, to the total satir: the amazing absurdness of the world, in which the characters live, called the Aksyorn "surrealistic thing".

The change in the creative position of Aksenov testified not only about the actual artistic search for a writer who now refused in his works from the principle of truth, preferring to him the image of the "illusion of reality"; these changes themselves were caused by his conviction that "the reality is so absurd that, using the method of absurdization and surrealism, the writer does not make an absurd in his literature, but, on the contrary, this method, it seems to be harmonized by a mad , reality ... ". From that time, the criticism of Aksenov and his works is becoming more sharp and even crushing when it sounds from the lips of the party and the state leaders (for example, N.S. Khrushchev). The attacks also called the form to which Aksenov was now drawn, perceived as a non-counseling and non-marketable: so it was estimated, in particular, the "Contemporary" theater "Always on sale", testifying to the transition of its author to avant-garde positions in art.

The position of Akseynova is even more complicated when ( in 1977-1978) His works began to appear abroad (primarily in the USA). In 1979. Aksenov, together with A. Bitov, Vic. Erofeev, F. Iskander and E. Popov, made a compiler and the author of the Almanach "Metropol", which united writers (Y. Aleshkovsky, F. Gorostein, V. Vysotsky, etc.), resolutely marked from socialist realism. So not published in Soviet objects, Almans went to Samizdat and was soon published in the United States. He was immediately subjected to destroying criticism, some of his authors were excluded from the Writer Union. Aksen himself in December 1979. announced the exit from the joint venture, July 22, 1980 left In the United States and soon was deprived of Soviet citizenship.

Settling in Washington, he continues to work intensively: one after another they are published in Russia, but first published only after leaving the writer to America's novels "Burn" ( 1975 ), "Island Crimea" ( 1970 ), "Golden Jig" ( 1980 ), written already in the emigration of the book "Paper Landscape" ( 1983 ), "Right to the island" ( 1983 ), "Say raisins" ( 1985 ), "In search of a sad BEB" ( 1986 ).

In 1993-1994. In Russia, his Moscow Saga was published in 3 books. Shortly after moving to the United States, Aksenov begins to teach Russian literature in one of the Washington universities. After returning to Him in 1990. Citizenship Aksenov often comes to Russia, his works (except those named above, "My grandfather is a monument", 1991 ; "Randevu", 1992 , etc.) are willingly printed here (including in the journal "Youth"), there is a collection of his writings. But the Aksenov is not going to move: leaving America, settles in the south of France. Your attitude to what is happening today modern man Aksenov expressed in the book "New Sweet Style" ( 1998 ).

Aksenov began with an image of a skeptically tuned to the then Soviet reality of young people with nihilism characteristic of her, a spontaneous sense of freedom, interest in Western music and literature - with all that opposed by the oldest generation of spiritual landmarks. By the middle of the 1960s Enharged philosophical saturation Aksenov's prose, reflecting about the causes of the failure of the "thaw", about the instability of the psychology of a person, it was with her who binding his best hopes. Appeal to such an personality contributed to the restructuring of individual creative manner The writer who connects now within the same product is real and irreal, ordinary and sublime. Especially skillfully different plans are connected in the program for that time the work of Aksenov - the novel "Burn" - the most successful attempt of the writer to fully portray the lives of the Russian intelligentsia on the fracture of the 1960-70s. The heroes of the novel, each of which is obsessed with its creative idea, are in a state of tragic disorders with the existing system in their country: the desire to hide from it turns out to be vain. The appearance and behavior of the heroes of the novel are determined by their opposition to the crowd generated by this system, which is alien all high, light. The exit for them the writer sees in their aspiration to God, in spiritual insight.

Having lived for many years in the USA, Aksenov declares: "America is my home, but I did not feel like an American and never feel." Works written by him in emigration (and most - "Moscow Saga") are convinced that life native countryWhat happens in it continues to remain in the center of his attention: Having left Russia, Aksenov remains a writer truly Russian. Already in the 1960s Proclaiming the priority of universal values \u200b\u200bover class, indicating the Christianity as a true human life for Christianity, the writer remains faithful to these principles, tirelessly continuing the search for new forms that are able to embody his ideas about multidimensionally complicated world, while preferring the preference of aesthetics of the literary avant-garde, before Total - surrealism, often at the same time trying to combine him with realism.

In 2004. In the magazine "October", the Roman "Voltairiana and Voltajanka" was published, who was awarded the Kuker Prize of Russia. The book of memories "Zenitsa Oka" ( 2005) Wears the character of a personal diary. IN 2007 Roman "Rare Lands" was published.