We love to watch cartoons. Cartoon is something good, fabulous and magical.
The cartoon is a multiplication or animated film, i.e. The film is created using animation (animation).
I wanted to learn more about how the cartoons are created which they are and create your cartoon. Find out how "come to life" and move pictures.

Tasks:

Find out what animation is;

Find out the appearance of the first cartoons in our country;

Conduct a survey of students and their parents, in order to identify their attitude towards cartoons;

Examine the process of creating a cartoon and create your own.

Hypothesis:
I suggested if revealing secrets creating cartoons, and there will be available technical support, then create a cartoon is available even to a child.

Subject of study:Animation

Stages:
Search for information on the Internet
View video creation of cartoons
Conducting the survey of students of our school and their parents to identify the relevance and demand of the chosen topic of the project
Comparison, observation, analysis of the information received
Creating your own cartoon

What is animation?
An animation (happened about the Latin word) - multiplication, an increase is the process of creating moving images.
The term "multiplication" is used exclusively in Russian cinema as a synonym for the term "animation". Translated from Latin - "Anima" means "soul". So "animation" is nothing but the "revival" or "animation".
Animation, animation, multiplication cinema, animation cinema - type of cinema, whose works are created by the method of sample shooting of sequential phases of the hand-drawn motion (graphic or hand drawn animation) or volumetric (volume or doll multiplification) of objects.
Multiplodes (animators) are engaged in the art of animation.

Historical reference
First cartoons in our country
In our country, animation has long history. In 1910, Vladislav Alexandrovich Rashevich removed the world's first surround animation film "Beautiful Luchanide, or Rogache War with Usachi." The film lasted 10.5 minutes and "actors" in this animation film was performed various insects.
In 1935, the "Soyuzmultfilm" film studio was founded, which was originally called the "SoyuzTudmultilm". For cartoons1945-1959 is characteristic high level Realism of backgrounds and characters. In 1952, a complete analogue of the Disney Multiple Camera was created. All methods were mastered classical animation and invented new ones. In 1959, the cartoon "Lovey cloud" is removed. The film is made in the rarest mixed cartoon manner. In it, masterfully combined the techniques of the volume "smoke", simple "smoke", as well as puppet and hand drawn animations. The cartoon was widely recognized in the USSR and abroad. The prizes in foreign film festivals are marked.
The "golden age" of the Soviet animation is considered to be the 60-70s of the 20th century, when many beautiful cartoons were removed - "Mowgli", "Winnie Pooh", "Well, wait!", "Mitten" and others.
The first computer cartoon called the "Nature" was created by students and teachers of Moscow State University at BESM-4, in 1968. The film shows a realistic movement of a silhouette of a cat.

Practical part (Questioning)
I was wondering how schoolchildren and their parents belong to the cartoons. I decided to make a survey among junior schoolchildren And their parents.
By summing up the questionnaire, we concluded that most children (47 out of 55) and parents (33 of 47) adore, love and watch cartoons. Most part students prefer to watch modern russian cartoons (37 out of 55), and their parents (36 out of 47) will curv old soviet cartoons.
Those guys who like the cartoons are like, indicated that they are often watching computer (36 out of 55) and drawn (12 out of 55) cartoons. Parents preferred hand drawn cartoons (33 out of 47).
The main in cartoons for children is painfulness (24 out of 55) and meaning (18 out of 55). For parents of our school students the main part The cartoon is its meaning (44 out of 55).
The most favorite cartoons in children: "Transformers", "Cold Heart", "Mighty", "Justic I". The undisputed leader of the most beloved cartoon of parents is the cartoon "Well, wait", as well as the modern animation cartoon "Masha and the Bear".
Parents of schoolchildren in the questionnate were asked additional questions. For what you need cartoons, many parents answered that for the development of the child. Almost all parents find time to look with their child cartoons (41 of 47.
Half of parents (26 out of 47) and almost all children (46 out of 55) want to learn how to create cartoons.

Parents and children love to watch cartoons together. Parents understand their significance in the child's life. Pupils of our school themselves would like to learn how to create cartoons. From the survey it became clear that my topic is relevant and in demand.

Practical part (Creating a cartoon)
Classification of cartoons today is large enough, so assessing your capabilities, I concluded that the most accessible option to create cartoons is a computer animation. Computer animation does not require high costs. I decided to start creating my cartoon from choosing a computer program.
Examined various finished programs in the Internet. Some programs were complex to use, others offered to work only with the finished version of the backgrounds and objects. I wanted to create something my own and unique and at the same time affordable for other guys. After long searches, I came to the decision that the cartoon can be created using a well-known program that is almost all of my acquaintances, POWER POINT..
This program offers great opportunities not only to create a background, but also an independent choice of various objects and figures, as well as installation of these objects. of various types Animation. What fully allows you to show my imagination.
After I have decided on choosing a program for creating a computer cartoon. The next stage was to choose the theme of the cartoon. The school announced that there would be a Christmas reading competition and there would be a multimedia section.
The topic came by itself - " Magic night"- Christmas night, something mysterious, fabulous, mysterious and kind. Be sure to be good because kindness and wisdom taught people Jesus Christ.
To create a cartoon, I needed a laptop, with Internet access and POWER POINT program.
I took most of the characters of my cartoon from the Internet. Formatted by automatic removal of unwanted patterns of drawing.
Part of the objects made using standard figures power Presentations Point. Cartoon slide backgrounds are taken from finished designs or composed of standard POWER POINT features.
The cartoon was created from the sequence of slides. In total, the cartoon turned out 8 slides. On the slide for each object, an animation of different types is made: swing, moving, rotation, appearance, pop-up, etc.
Presentation slide show is automatically configured.
Musical accompaniment: Song "Christmas asterisk", Words Lyudmila Winovaya, music Tatyana Molchan. Playing musical accompaniment is configured automatically for the time of displaying all slides.
The presentation is converted (i.e. changed) using the SMART PPT Converter program to AVI format.
And now this long-awaited hour, which I waited for so long. Many times I viewed my first cartoon.

Conclusion
Creating an animation cartoon - very painstaking work! Based on the work, you can draw the following conclusions:
1. Since the release of the first cartoon has passed more than 100 years, but their popularity does not fade.
2. Knowing the main secrets of creating cartoons, if available technical support, you can create your own cartoon available to all.
Thus, I managed to achieve the purpose of the study. The hypothesis confirmed by me at the beginning of the study. The knowledge gained during the study allowed to increase the interest of the surrounding animation of animation.

MBOU "Main Multidisciplinary Lyceum."

Direction of work: (social)

Project topic, research:

« Cartoons: harm or benefit? »

Performed:

pupil 1 "A" class

Jesova Ekaterina

Leader:

teacher primary classes, high category

Smetanekina Antonina Aleksandrovna,

Main 2017.

Introduction ........................................................................... 3-4

Main part

History of animation and its creation .................................... 5-6

Analysis of domestic and foreign cartoons .................. ..7-8

Danger fantastic world animation .................. ..... 9-10

Practical part .......................................................... 11-15

Conclusion ........................................................................... ... 16-17

List of references ..................................................................... ... 18

Introduction

You hear "cartoons" ... and immediately imagine something good, funny, funny. ... What are they modern cartoons? What is in them special, bad, good? Is it really worth watching all without limitation? Why adults alone cartoons allowed to watch, and others recommend to switch, even in them there are so colorful and fun heroes?

The topic is relevant, because at present our attention is presented big variety cartoons.

So we should deal with: harm or benefit from cartoons of domestic and foreign?

Subject of this study: "Cartoons: harm or benefit?"

Goal of my project - to understand what the effects of modern cartoons of domestic and foreign production on the consciousness of children are affected.

Find out which cartoons will benefit the children, and which are not.

The solution of the goal I will exercise through a number of tasks:

1) how the genre animation appeared;

2) What dangers hides the fantastic world of animation;

3) identifying the most preferred cartoons and their heroes;

4) analysis of research results, conclusions;

5) Drawing up a memo "As with the benefit of watching cartoons."

The subject of the study: cartoons of domestic and foreign production.

Object of study: students 1 "a" class.

Research methods:

Study of literature.

View cartoons.

Conducting the survey of students 1A and their parents.

Analysis of the results obtained.

Hypothesis of work: not all cartoons of domestic and foreign production will contribute harmonious development Child, cartoons in which a lot of violence, develop anxiety and fear in the child.

1. History of animation and its creation.

Animation (Animation) - derived from Latin "Anima" - a shower, therefore, animation means an animation or revival. In our cinema, the animation is more often called animation.

When the cartoons appeared exactly unknown.

From a long time, people tried to "revive" drawings.

Animation (animation) appeared earlier than movies with real alive actors. The first cartoons were black and white and "dumb", but already called the present delight of the viewer. But the real popularity of the cartoons acquired only in the twentieth century. This merit is in many ways. Disney. It was he who invented the main cartoon hero Mickey Mouse, it was back in 1928. Cartoon "Vilib Vili", the first cartoon about Mickey Mouse.

In our country, the first cartoon film appeared in 1924.

Creating a cartoon is a very time-consuming process. In order for the character to make a simple movement, it is necessary to draw about hundreds of drawings. And for a ten-minute cartoon they need to do about 15 thousand!

There is also a puppet plasticine and computer (including 3D) Animation.

Puppet and plasticine animation is when the creators do not draw a picture, but take a doll or a plasticine figurine, put them on the table, make a photo, then slightly shift the figure and make photos again. Photos are changing, frames change and the film animation is obtained.

Computer animation is when heroes are drawn on the computer. First on it makes characters, then with special programs Characters begin to move.

In the process of studying this information, I found out that there is a simple cartoon that I tried to do. For this, I took a thick notebook and made a drawing on the first page. It was a simple chicken that clapped the wings up and down. On the first I. last page He has no wings at the bottom, about the middle page - at the top, and the rest of the pages I filled with intermediate positions. When everything was ready, I launched the quick scrolling of pages - I saw my first hand-drawn cartoon. I was delighted and, most importantly, I understood how cartoons do.

From the studied information, I concluded that for an independent creation of a cartoon, a lot of patience will be needed, digital camera And a computer with special programs.

And who knows, maybe it will become my vocation!

2. Analysis of domestic and foreign cartoons.

When drawing up this project, I asked my mother, what cartoon did she show me one of the first? To what, I received an answer from her, it was a cartoon "Mother for Mammoth" (Mom often sang a song from this cartoon, which I later learned by heart, and which is loved now for me). According to Mom, this cartoon taught me to be kind.

But the main question for me remains how our moms or grandmothers determine whether a particular cartoon is suitable for our viewing? For this, I myself tried to compare some cartoons, and find out how do they affect the psyche of children .

I started with all the generations of the cartoon "Winnie -Puch and all-all-all". I found out what the Soviet Winnie Pooh differs from Disney. Interestingly, Soviet Winnie, as prescribed a bear, painted in brown color, But Disney for some reason bright yellow.

When I was engaged in comparing the cartoons, my mother decided to spend a small experiment. She turned on me for viewing a series from the series "Woody and his friends", which last 10 minutes, after which mom asked me to retell her. What do you think I did it? I could only say 2 sentences that spoke about how someone hit someone, hit, after which Woody said his famous laughter.

After that, the mother turned on the next cartoon me, he was called "Oh and Ah", who also lasted 10 minutes. After watching this cartoon, my mother again asked me to retell it. My answer turned out to be more voluminous than in the first case, because the cartoon not only raised me The mood, but also sent my thoughts into the right direction.

When watching cartoons, I found out that in almost all foreign cartoons there is a conflict, a fight, battle, shootout and murder.

Domestic cartoons I liked that in them negative character Easy (without physical strength) is re-educated. And it turns out that he is so angry only because no one was friends with him, did not like, no one sympathized with him. Therefore, these cartoons are useful for children, they teach proper behavior: how to make friendship, how to be good friendHow to help others. No one will deny that Soviet cartoons about Carlson, Winnie Poo, Crocodile Geno and Cheburashka, Uncle Fedor and the like teach beautiful and kind.

However, in defense, I can say that among the American cartoons there are exceptions - the wonderful cartoons that I likely like, such as - "Snow White", "Bambi", "King Lion", they carry good.

The danger of the fantastic world of animation.

What do we see on the screens of our TVs? Why do some cartoons call us joy, and others make us evil?

I answered this question psychologist MBOU "Main Multidisciplinary Lyceum" Jesova L.A. I explained the topic of my project. (View video "Interview with a psychologist of our lyceum." Attention on the screen!)

PSYCHOLOGIST (and part-time and my grandmother) argues: that the characters of cartoon films (the so-called cartoons) form in our children - the primary ideas about good and evil, the standards of good and bad behavior. By comparing yourself with your favorite heroes, we can learn to think positively, to cope with your fears and difficulties, respect to others.

Unfortunately, according to my grandmother, it became known to me that many cartoons were built psychologically and pedagogically illiterately and may have dangerous consequences for us.

When preparing for this project, Mom read me the results of studies conducted in the 60s of the twentieth century, which proved that the scenes of television violence seen by the children increase our aggressiveness and form not the best features of character. Moreover, according to scientists, 8-year-old children who regularly watch aggressive telecasts to the 30-year-old age more often commit criminal offenses. After all, we like a sponge absorb what we see on TV.

Despite all the danger of cartoons, experts note that it can be smoothed if you are adults will watch cartoons with us. Indeed, in this case, we can ask you what interests us, and you, in turn, can explain to us which kind of cartoons will be dangerous for us.

4. Practical part.

I conducted a survey of student 1A class MBOU "Mainsky Multi-Profile Lyceum, made an analysis obtained, compiled recommendations.

With this study, I found out that the bulk of the time that children spend near the TV falls on the viewing of cartoons. In this regard, I had a question "How to watch cartoons?".

From the words of psychologists and other specialists, the recommended time for watching cartoons from 40 to 60 minutes a day, and a long, uncontrolled finding near the TV is found, can lead to unpleasant consequences, such as:

Violation of posture;

Speech delay;

Vision impairment;

Indigestion.

In this connection, I was interested in the following question:

This survey showed that 8 people watch cartoons 3-4 times a week (and this was 35% of the respondents), 12 people every day (52%), and only 3 people on weekends (which was only 13%).

From the data obtained, we can say that almost every day we meet with your favorite cartoon heroes.

The next question of survey:

5 of the respondents look less than an hour, that is, do not exceed the norm (22%); 15 students look more than one hour (65%), 3 people - more than two hours (13%) !!!

From the data obtained, we can say that most of The respondents do not adhere to the recommended time. This may affect their health negatively.

Often parents themselves decide which cartoon to watch their children to protect them from cruelty and aggression. And to make such a decision, you need to know the content of the cartoon, i.e. look.

According to the results of the spectacle of parents to the question: "Does they often look along with children of cartoons?"

When analyzing the answers to this question, we obtained the following results:

of the 15 spectacled parents: 10 people answered: "Sometimes" (which amounted to 47% of respondents), 3 people: "Yes, often" (33%), and 2 parents answered "no, never" (20% of respondents).

When designing this study, I came to the conclusion that you need to discuss the content of the viewed cartoons. Who, like nor parents, will explain what is good, but what is bad!

When surveying students 1 "a" class to question:

At the same time, I found out the following: 3 parents discuss the browsing cartoons with children, and they answered "yes" (this is 21% of respondents), 7 - answered "sometimes" 50% of respondents, 4 - "no" (29%).

Of the above, I concluded that approximately half of the parents are not interested at all that looks at their child.

Still, what cartoons prefer my peers?

As the survey showed, the most popular Russian cartoons were:

From among foreign:

Gravity Falls - 8 people;

Cold heart - 4 people;

Heroes in masks - 3 people;

Kung Fu Panda - 3 people;

Ninja turtles - 2 people;

Zver-stop - 2 people;

Penguins Madagascar - 1 person.

Conclusion.

In this work, I collected the opinion of psychologists, parents and classmates on the issue of benefit or harm from watching cartoons, conducted their surcharge.

It's time to write my personal opinion on this issue And draw conclusions about the confirmation of the hypothesis.

Recall the hypothesis of my research: not all cartoons of domestic and foreign production will contribute to the harmonious development of the child, the cartoons in which there are many violence, develop anxiety and fear in the child.

In my work, I found out that most parents do not limit their children in the choice of cartoons, give the right to choose their child's hands. And most children stop their choice on bad cartoons, and watch them more than one hour a day, which is harmful to our health.

How to protect us from harmful cartoons!

Of course, it is almost impossible to completely eliminate the TV from our day.

Fortunately, any parent can fully protect us from negative television. For this you need not so much.

Your parents need to know the cartoon content that we look.

You need to try so that we do not see scenes of violence, they did not hear the vulgar humor, obscene statements.

Even the most harmful cartoon will not affect our psyche if we look it with us.

Parental assessment will help us better understand where the fiction is in the fairy tale, and where is the reflection of life.

Moms should offer us to watch harmful cartoons, and instructive. For example, we will be interested and useful to see such masterpieces of Soviet animation as "Three of Prostokvashino", "Well, wait!", "Puntik's piglets", "Mammont Hotel", "Cheburashka". There are good, instructive cartoons and among the modern: "Luntik", "Lessons of the owls", "Fixy", "Barboskins", "Paper" and many others.

Dear parents, do not allow the TV to completely replace us with communication with you.

Thus, I managed to achieve the purpose of the study. The hypothesis confirmed by me at the beginning of the study was confirmed, we have proven that not all cartoons of domestic and foreign production, in which more good will contribute to the harmonious development of the child, and those in which there are many violence develop anxiety and fear of the child.

In conclusion of this work I would like to tell about my preferences in choosing cartoons. I love to watch both foreign ("Toy Story", "Peter Pan", etc.), and domestic cartoons ("Fixy", "Paper" and many others). I watch I cartoons not every day. I love to watch cartoons in a good company - with my mother, dad and brother. The family helps me keep calm in an unexpected turn of the plot. Or just laugh with me from the soul.

Bibliography.

Features mental Development children of 6-7 years old / ed. D.B. Elkonina, A.L. Hanger. - M.: Pedagogy, 2007. - 452 p.

Aminov N.A., Averin I.S. Express diagnostics of the aversion (fear - anger) of states and forms interpersonal conflict Junior schoolchildren // Diagnosis and regulation of emotional states. Part 1. - M., 2005.

"About our Soyuzmultfilm", Borodin, 2005

1. "Planet cartoons", article "My baby", Moscow, 2003

   Internet resources:

Project: Studio "Multi-Pullets" .Sagalgan is a holiday of light and good. (Creating a cartoon)

Leader: Zhambalova Erjen Tsybikovna - Cool leader.

• Introduction

• Project goal ......................................................................................... .. 3
• Project tasks ...................................................................................... four
• Planned results ........................................................ five
• Realistic project ......................................................... 6
• Product Project ................................................................................... .. 7
• The relevance of the project ............................................................ .. 8

II. Project work .

• 1 stage ..................................................................................................... ... 9
• 2 Stage ............................................................................................ 10
• 3 Stage ....................................................................................... .. 11
• Information on the project ...................................................... 12-30

III. conclusions …………………………………………………………………………… 31 - 33

IV. Conclusion …………………………………………………………………….. 34

Introduction Objective of the project.

• Project type: long-term
• joint (children and parents) creative project.
• Project participants: Teacher, disciples, parents.
• The essence of the project: Coloring and using modeling skills, drawing, design, learning traditions, customs and culture of the Buryat people, children make characters and scenery for the future cartoon.
• Objective of the project : Creating a plasticine cartoon about Sagalgan's festival with your own hands.

Introduction Project tasks.

The main tasks of our project are :

Educational:

• To acquaint children with the history of the emergence and development of animation.
• Introduce children with multiplication films technology.
• Expand the knowledge of children about professions: Writer, Director, Multiplier Artist, Operator, Sound Director, Musician, Dancer, Cook.
• Expand the knowledge of children about the history and culture of the Buryat people.
• Continue work on the formation of work skills with artistic text.

Developing:

• Continue working on development creative thinking and imagination.
• Continue work on the formation artistic skills and skills.
• Continue to work on the formation of the skills of connected conversational and literary speech both Buryat and Russian, skills of communication and collaboration in the group.
• Raising:
• Rail a aesthetic feeling of beauty and harmony in life and in art.
• Educate love k native edge, bring up a sense of pride for your people.
• Relieve a sense of respect for the traditions and customs of the Buryat people.
• We instill a responsible attitude towards your work, a sense of responsibility to the team.
• Educational areas presented in the project: educational and educational competences, communication, research, artistic creativitySocialization.

Planned results

Participating in project activities, students will continue:

• expand the horizons in their areas of interest they are interested in;
• find sources of information;
• remove information related to the topic;
• plan work on the project;
• cooperate with each other when performing the project;

Also get necessary knowledge According to this topic:

• Learn how to properly celebrate the feast of Sagalgan, about the traditions of the Buryat people, about Buryat national musical instruments, about national dishes, etc.;
• Learn about the process of creating animated films, diamers, about the types of cartoons, about the device of digital photo and video engineering, o computer programs Movie Maker, Multi-Pullets.

Pupils will learn:

• Working with a polymer clay in the manufacture of a souvenir "Buuza", prepare boosa, draw a monkey, people;
• Work with photographic engineering, voice movies, work in the necessary computer programs.

Introduction Realistic project.

• To implement the project, do not need special studios for creating cartoons with professional equipment and light. Enough small number Related material:

• Camera digital.
• Tripod.
• Dictaphone, USB cable.
• Computer S. installed program Movie Maker and Multi-Pullets.
• Table.
• Consumables for creating decorations, backgrounds, making figurines of heroes.

Introduction Product project.

• The product of our project is the plasticine cartoon "Sagalgan - a holiday of light and goodness".

Introduction The relevance of the project.

• IN last years There was a certain vacuum in high-quality domestic multiprooding for children and young people, and modern television space filled low-line Western cartoons: or vulgar, or promoting aggression, anger and immoral behavior, calculated mainly on older age and adult people, very little interesting and cognitive Products about the culture and life of the Buryat people, traditions, about songs, the games of our people.
• In our market, the cartoons based on their creation began to appear on our market. classic school domestic animation. therefore this problem Wears educational and educational character, since further deterioration of the situation can lead to the spiritual degradation of the younger generation. Since the consciousness of the nation is formed from the aggregate of worldviews of various social layers of citizens of Russia and, first of all, the youth of the country, I want to emphasize the importance and relevance of this project.
• Now, thanks to new technologies and modern equipment educational institution, schoolchildren from passive consumers of cartoons, become active participants in creating a cartoon, that is, try themselves completely in new quality. Mastering and using skills of modeling, drawing, appliqués, design, as well as knowledge about the heroes of Buryat national Epos, Buryat national tools, games, songs, traditions and customs, children make characters and scenery for shooting their own cartoons; Get acquainted with the device photo and video equipment; invent scripts; directly participate in the shooting process; They voiced their heroes - there is a creation of an adult and a child.

Project work.

Stage 1:

• Advance hypothesis.
• The choice of theme.
• Setting goals.
• Study of the history of the emergence of animation; study of traditions, customs, culture, musical instruments, national games fairy tales, mysteries, dishes.
• Search for material on animation, on the history of the celebration of the Sagaalgan holiday.
• Creature creative group Parents interested in this topic.
• Preparation necessary for the implementation of the project of materials and equipment, funds. (Photo and video equipment, diaprintor, agreement on excursions, holding a competition of drawings, cartoons from families, quiz, making the necessary changes to the CTP on subjects).

Project work.

Stage 2.

• Studying the process of creating a cartoon.
• Development of a cartoon work algorithm.
• Acquaintance with photos and video equipment, with program creation programs.
• Script development.
• Development and creation of characters and scenery.
• The revival of the characters.
• Foaming the plot.
• Cartoon shot.
• Sound (role distribution).
• Installation of the footage on the computer.

Project work.

3 stage.

• Determining the level of formation of generalized learning skills obtained as a result of the project implementation. Final questionnaire.
• Cartoon premiere. View (work outfit).
• Final lesson.
• Parent meeting on the topic "Children and animation".
• Presentation of the project.

Advance hypothesis.

Hypothesis: We suggested that if we reveal the secrets of creating cartoons, we will study the tradition of the celebration of Sagalgan, we can create your own cartoon yourself, with your national flavor. Previously shows a ready-made cartoon about Sagalgana.

Survey of children according to the topics. Questioning.

Questionnaire for students "What do I know about the feast of Sagalgan?"

1. What is Sagaalgan?

2. When celebrating Sagaalgan?

• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What or who is the symbol of the Sagaalgan holiday?

• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
• 4. Do you know how to meet Sagaalgan? If you know, write in a few words.

• Questionnaire for students "What do I know about cartoons?"
• 1. What is a cartoon? Tell me as you understand.
• _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
• 2. Do you know how to create cartoons? If you know, tell me.
• _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
• 3. What do you think you can create a cartoon yourself with your own hands?
• ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
• 4. Would you like to become the creator of your own cartoon? Answer why "yes" or "no".
• ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The results of the survey.

• 29 students participated.

Questionnaire "What do I know about the feast of Sagalgan?"

The results of the survey.

• 29 students participated.

Questionnaire "What do I know about cartoons?"

Study of the history of the emergence of animation; Studying traditions, customs, culture, musical instruments, national games, fairy tales, mysteries, dishes.

• View presentations about animation history.
• The contest of the drawings "Salegan is a holiday of light and goodness."
• A trip to the Azgat to the celebration of Sagalgan.
• A visit to the master class on the manufacture of the Buryat National Bowau dishes in the Ethno-Complex "Horde".
• Competition Buryat dishes.
• Visiting the Buryat Orchestra Concert national Theater "Baikal".
• Quiz "Sagalgan - New Year on the lunar calendar. "

Master class in the ethnocomplex "Orda".

http://ok.ru/video/42357754428.

Conclusions.

• Within the framework of the project, children continued to receive the necessary knowledge, skills and skills in the process of studying national customs, traditions, culture of the Buryat people through immersion in the subject through visiting a concert, master class, exhibitions, viewing video materials, received practical skills in the manufacture of certain products (boosa, buds), learned how to create short cartoons, diameters, learned to apply the knowledge gained and Experience in practice (taught their classmates to play Buryat National Games).

Work continued on:

• development personal qualities: independence, initiatives, mutualists, involvement with common cause, responsibility, respect for each other, self-esteem.
• development of communicative skills, manifestation of creative independence, activity in creating an image, development small Motoriki Hands, the ability to show your talents. This gave a new impetus cognitive activity, the children began to think about new plots for their cartoons, and for this they came to the conclusion that you need to read more books. Accordingly B. reading diaries More information about read literary works has appeared).

Conclusions.

Thus, the use of project activities gives us the opportunity:

• - stimulate children to achieve a result;
• - achieve a certain and real goal, product of project activities;
• - use different types productive activities in one project;
• -Production of cognitive, creative, business activity, independence, as well as the knowledge and ability developed earlier;
• - form communicative skills and moral qualities.
• Children appears the opportunity to make their contribution to the common cause, to show individuality, conquer a certain position in the group.
• The result of participation in the project is also becoming fragments of thinking, development creative potential, the formation of the ability to observe, fantasize, compare, worry seen, reflect your impressions in creative work, as well as the improvement of communication skills in the team and socialization.

Conclusion.

In the process of working on this project, we did not want to stop on the results achieved at the end of it. And they decided to continue work on creating other cartoons to show them to the general public (not only within the framework of the school, but also by publishing on the Internet sites). But for this we need to expand the material base (the acquisition of the microphone, the ministry, etc.) where to get the money? The answer was found at once: the children decided to earn on the showing of cartoons for their peers of school. For earned money to purchase required Material. But here we decided not to stop: we wanted to show our cartoons not only for the disciples of our school, but also for those who especially need attention and care, namely, for orphans.

Thus, this project has its not only investment attractiveness, but also socially significant, as part of charity.

Also, this project provides for the use of several directions in the development of the child's identity:

• Artistic and aesthetic (through creative activity, visit theater, concert, exhibition, work with fiction)
• Project activities
• Social and useful activities (through the placement of future cartoons on the Internet for the general public, to show orphans, etc.)
• Scientific and educational (finding the necessary information, research activities)
• Patriotic (love for his native land, to his people, upbringing the feelings of pride in their people).
• Sports and recreational (through healthy-saving technologies: a constant change of activities, a conversation about healthy food during the celebration of Sagalgan, mobile games).

Hypothesis:

We suggested if you disclose the secrets of creating cartoons, and there will be available technical support, then create a cartoon is available even to a child.

Subject of study: Animation

Methods:

• Search for information on the Internet

What is animation?

Animation - (from lat. Multiplicatio) - multiplication, an increase is the process of creating moving images.

The term "multiplication" is used exclusively in Russian cinema as a synonym for the term "animation". Translated from Latin - "Anima" means "soul". So "animation" is nothing but the "revival" or "animation".

Animation, animation, multiplication cinema, animation cinema - type of cinema, whose works are created by a framework of consecutive hand-drawn motion phases ( graphic or drawn volumenny or puppet Multiplication) objects.

History of animation

And in 10-11 centuries. - There were shadow ideas that were very similar to future cartoons.

On August 30, 1877, it is considered the birthday of hand drawn animation - the invention of Emil Reno was patented.

An animation is considered to be the branch of the film industry since its appearance. However, this interesting destination can also be successfully associated with painting and graphics. The artist's talent plus technical capabilities - and the art is born, which does not leave indifferent or children or adults.
The roots of the emergence of animation are associated with a stroboscope - an optical toy invented by the Belgian inventor Joseph Plateau in 1932. The principle of this device was simple - a cyclic pattern was applied to the edge of the circle. For example, a running horse, which was depicted several times in different stages of movement. When rotating the circle, the drawing merged, and the illusion of the moving object arose.

But the real first cartoons appeared only at the beginning of the 20th century. They were black and white, images - angular and clumsy. The first cartoons were "dumb".

Next, the development of animation, as well as cinema, passed in France. Emil Kohl is another bright director and artist, starting his activities from acting. In 1908, he created the first animated films. They resembled drawn comics, only in motion. Emile Kohl drew thousands of drawings to revive them. He sought to achieve realism, copying real objects, and even used a photo. His legacy modern multipliers consider valuable.
Vladislav Oldevich Created the first doll cartoon called "Beautiful Lucanide, or Roga and Usach War." This figure was famous for his love for insect. He took off the lot of films, they dedicated, and they looked on the screen very naturally. Vladislav Rasheevich - a subtle psychologist and talented painter. He cared not only about the pictorial side of cartoons, but also filled them deep meaning.

Having studied, we understood the story

. Classification of cartoons

Classification of cartoons today is large enough, so we will focus on the most priority and known

For purposes:

familiarization;

entertaining;

computer.

powder.

By duration:

By age interests:

For kids;

For teenagers

For adults.

Practical part

i do not care

hate

modern Russian,

overseas

old Soviet

colorfulness

special effects

modern Russian cartoons - 75%

foreign - 18%

old Soviet - 7%

meaning - 75%

special Effects -10%

colorfulness - 15%

The most favorite cartoon: "Three heroes", "Ivan -TSarevich and grey Wolf» ,

Developing characters.

Preparation for shooting.

1. Camera setting: To shoot a cartoon, we chose the very camera small size Frame 640 × 480. It is necessary so that the cartoon occupies little place in memory.

2. Installing the camera to tripod: At first we were not aware of the need for a tripod. The first cartoon shots we shot out of the position, standing on top over the background. After they decided to check what happened, they were disappointed, as they saw the cartoon jumping frames, from which the eyes were tired. Since we did not have this tripod, adults made us a homemade tripod from the books.

3. Selecting the height and tilt tripod: the camera on the tripod we fastened so that in the lens there was only a background of the future scene, and nothing excess in the frame fell. Now we were sure that our cartoon's frames will not jump on the screen.

What is the frequency of frames?

Useful advice when shooting.The camera is assigned. The tripod does not move. You can start shooting. Move the shapes need to be "slightly" and in the right direction. The figures on the screen can move simultaneously. It is necessary to monitor that during the shooting in the frame there were no extra details - mostly drawing hands.

Important!

Film processing using video studio video studio in Windows 7

After the filming of the cartoon frames, we moved them to a computer. There they had to be treated with a special program. We chose popular program The video editor of the film studio in Windows 7 to create cartoons in it is completely simple .. But counted that for the first time and it is not bad.

4) watching a cartoon.

Conclusion

Filming cartoons - very painstaking work! Based on our work, you can draw the following conclusions:

2 .. Cartoon filming is a very painstaking job!

3. Knowing the main secrets of creating cartoons, if available technical support, you can create your own cartoon.

Thus, we managed to achieve our research goals. The hypothesis confirmed at the beginning of the study by us. The knowledge gained during the study allowed to increase the interest of the surrounding animation

View the contents of the document
"Introduction"

Research project

in the field of "art"

Subject. Cartoon secrets.

Creating a cartoon film.

Performers

Pupils 3 "b" class

gymnasium № 205 "Theater"

Yekaterinburg

Introduction …………………………………………………… 1

Main part

What is a multiplier ................................. .. 3

History Cartoon ........................................ four

Classification of cartoons ........................... .. 9

Practical part

Questioning ...................................................... 11.

Stages of creating an animated cartoon ................ 13

The process of creating a cartoon .................................... fifteen

Conclusion .................................................................. 18.

List of references ...................................................... .. 19

application

Introduction

What do children love most about the world? Well, of course, candies and cartoons! Interesting cartoons, like delicious candy, never bored - any child will tell you.

And we also very, very love to watch cartoons. Looking for moving pictures on the screen, we wondered: how do you come to life for your favorite characters? And we wanted to create our own cartoon.

But how to create it? Where to start? What are the secrets of creating cartoons? To get answers to the questions exciting us, we decided to conduct a study.

purpose : Find out how "the drawings come to life"

Create your first cartoon

Tasks:

Explore the history of creating animation

Conduct cartoon classification

Conduct a survey of students, in order to identify the most preferred cartoons and their heroes;

Examine the process of creating a cartoon and create your own.

Hypothesis:

We assumed

if you reveal the secrets of creating cartoons,

and will be availability of available technical support,

That creating a cartoon is available even to a child.

Subject of study:

Animation

Methods:

Search for information on the Internet

View video creation of cartoons

Comparison, observation, analysis of the information received

Creating your own cartoon

MAIN PART

What is animation?

Animation - (from lat. Multiplicatio) - multiplication, an increase is the process of creating moving images.

The term "multiplication" is used exclusively in Russian cinema as a synonym for the term "animation". Translated from Latin - "Anima" means "soul". So "animation" is nothing but the "revival" or "animation".

Animation, animation, multiplication cinema, animation cinema - type of cinema, whose works are created by a framework of consecutive hand-drawn motion phases ( graphic or drawn animation) or volumetric ( volumenny or puppet Multiplication) objects.

Multiplodes (animators) are engaged in art animation

History of animation

Man always tried to reflect the movement in his drawing. The first attempts to transfer traffic in the figure are about 2000 to our era (Egypt).

Figure: Image of two fighting people. Egypt 2000l. BC.

There were statements that these drawings need to be called the first examples of animation, however, it is not quite true, because there was no equipment that can show these drawings in motion.

XV century - There were books with drawings reproducing various phases of the movement of the human figure. Rolled into the roll, and then instantly unfolded, these books created the illusion of the revolving drawings.

And in 10-11 centuries. - There were shadow ideas that were very similar to future cartoons.

On August 30, 1877, it is considered the birthday of hand drawn animation - the invention of Emil Reno was patented.

An animation is considered to be the branch of the film industry since its appearance. However, this interesting destination can also be successfully associated with painting and graphics. The artist's talent plus technical capabilities - and the art is born, which does not leave indifferent or children or adults.
The roots of the emergence of animation are associated with a stroboscope - an optical toy invented by the Belgian inventor Joseph Plateau in 1932. The principle of this device was simple - a cyclic pattern was applied to the edge of the circle. For example, a running horse, which was depicted several times in different stages of movement. When rotating the circle, the drawing merged, and the illusion of the moving object arose.

The first real multiplier is considered the Frenchman Emil Reyno. He created the apparatus Prasinoscope, which consisted of a spinning drum, a system of mirrors and a lantern. In 1892, Reyo launched a kind of attraction - an optical theater. There he demonstrated the audience comic plots lasting 15-20 minutes.

It happened a few years before the famous Lumiere brothers premiere, that is, the cartoon became known to the French even a little earlier than the movies.
But the real first cartoons appeared only at the beginning of the 20th century. They were black and white, images - angular and clumsy. The first cartoons were "dumb".

Next, the development of animation, as well as cinema, passed in France. Emil Kohl is another bright director and artist, starting his activities from acting. In 1908, he created the first animated films. They resembled drawn comics, only in motion. Emile Kohl drew thousands of drawings to revive them. He sought to achieve realism, copying real objects, and even used a photo. His legacy modern multipliers consider valuable.
Another bright name In the history of animation associated with Russia. In 1912. Vladislav Oldevich Created the first doll cartoon called "Beautiful Lucanide, or Roga and Usach War." This figure was famous for his love for insect. He took off the lot of films, they dedicated, and they looked on the screen very naturally. Vladislav Oldeevich is a subtle psychologist and a talented artist. He cared not only about the pictorial side of cartoons, but also filled them with a deep meaning.

In Japan, the first experiments with the animation began in 1913, and in 1917 there were animated films long from 1 to 5 minutes.

If in Europe, the filming of movies passed in a practically handicraft, then in America with a technical base, everything was much better. Here, Walt Disney appeared, which in 1929 he took off his first hand-drawn cartoon with musical accompaniment "Dance of skeletons." Disney is considered by the father of animation, his work deserves a separate story, because only the Oscar premium he received 30 times. His experience takes as the basis and today.

1928 - Walt Disney creates the most popular hand drawn character in the history of animation - Mickey Maus. In the same year, his first sound animation comes out in 1940 - in America, the production of the series "Tom and Jerry" is beginning.
ion film "Village Willy"

Subsequently, the Master of Cinema introduced another interesting technology - combining the game of live actors and animated heroes.

In Russian animation, Alexander Viktorovich Shiryaev is considered the first. It was in 1906. Each movement in the handmade scenic box in detail sketched on a narrow paper tape. It turned out a kind of storyboard. If they are played on the screen, it will be released with modern measurements. Multiplication.

In 1936, a special studio of hand drawn films "Soymmultfilm" was created in Moscow by decision of the government. At this time, in their works, multipliers artists begin to master the color.

In 1950, the first experiments with a computer generated image are held.

Today, computer animation has been widely used and gradually replaces all other technologies. Sometimes computer graphics It is transferred to the film. Under computer animation also imply CGI (eng. Computer-generated imagery, letters. "Images generated by a computer"), i.e. Special effects created on a computer.

More and more is created cartoons in 3D. For 3D scene animations and objects are modeled on a computer (a three-dimensional scene model and objects are created, with a geometric projection of the model on the plane, i.e. computer screen), the figures have a virtual skeleton. After rendering (visualization), i.e. Build a projection in accordance with the selected physical model. Next, the image is displayed.

Computer animation began to be used in the 90s

Having studied, we understood the story

What is routing and how with its help can be given in the movement of heroes

. Classification of cartoons

Cartoons occupy one of the central places in the world of cinema. Because in the cartoons are initially laid beneficial features:

the relationship of fantastic (magical) and real (dreams in the head are implemented on screens);

brightness of cartoon material and laconicity ( bright images attract attention, and the prostate of the plot supports interest);

the presence of good and evil (only in cartoons, as a rule, there is always a happy finale in an unequal struggle of good and evil forces);

fabulous world (come to life even inanimate objects).

The classification of cartoons today is large enough, so we will focus on the most priority and well-known.

Separate cartoons by country producers:

american (Walt Disney Cartoons);

french (for example, "Feline Soup", "Mousetail");

japanese (Anime) ("worn by ghosts", "My neighbor Totoro");

Russia (USSR) ("Kid and Carlson", "Well, Wait", "Ivan Tsarevich and Gray Wolf");

czech ("UPS, error", "critting");

german (Snow White, "Message");

english ("PET Postman").

For purposes:

educational (the meaning is as follows: Cartoons must change knowledge, attitude or behavior of watching);

developing (such cartoons are aimed at the development of the person);

educational (model behavior system);

teaching (improvement of knowledge and their systematization);

cognitive (educational function);

familiarization;

entertaining;

rhetorical (problem) (help to think about the surrounding problems).

By technological process:

drawn. The first cartoon films were precisely such as they did not require film equipment, so they appeared long before the appearance of cinema. In such a technique, Walt Disney was worked. Now this method Most uses the production of Japan.

computer.

puppet. Forward appeared in Russia. Famous cartoons: "Cheburashka", "Mitten", "Corpse of the Bride".

plasticine. "Plasticine Crow".

sand. The use of any bulk materials.

powder.

By duration:

Short (duration up to 45 minutes);

Full-length (more than 45 minutes).

By age interests:

For kids;

For teenagers

For adults.

Practical part

Profile

Do you like to watch cartoons? (emphasize the answer)

i do not care

hate

What cartoons do you like? (emphasize)

modern Russian,

overseas

old Soviet

What is the main thing for you in the cartoon?

colorfulness

special effects

What is your favorite cartoon? _________________________

Do you know when and where did the first cartoons appear? __________

How are cartoons are created? _______________________________

After analyzing the questionnaire, we came to the conclusion that most children (Appendix1) adore watch cartoons (45%.), Love (20%) Some look at them sometimes (15%.), And only 5% do not like to watch cartoons (boys). So most children love to watch

The guys who like cartoons like, indicated that more often watch (Appendix 2):

modern Russian cartoons - 75%

foreign - 18%

old Soviet - 7%

The main thing in cartoons for them is (Appendix3):

meaning - 75%

special Effects -10%

colorfulness - 15%

The most beloved cartoon: "Three heroes", "Ivan Sarevich and a gray wolf", "Smeshariki", etc. (Appendix 4)

When and where did the first cartoons appear? How are cartoons are created? Children did not respond at all. So do not know. To the question: you would not like to create a cartoon yourself, everyone answered great desire.

The questionnaire helped us determine what movie we need

Children, but with meaning

Entertaining but modern

Plasticine.

Short

Stages of creating animated films

Animated film - This is not just a sequence of pictures, this is a story, invented and directed by the director for the audience.
In order to tell the story it is interesting that the viewer does not have questions for a storytellor, the director needs to be well prepared for the story.

After reviewing several multipliation videos, we realized that the creation of a cartoon is a long, time consuming process.

Producer determines total bannerThe scripts are developing the plot and the script, which is then divided into episodes and scenes illustrated by the series of sketches.

The director distributes the scenes between multiplier artists. Each of them is responsible for the main positions of the characters in the scene. Intermediate episodes draw the younger multiplers. Other artists are preparing the background on which the action unfolds. Contour drawings Transmitted for coloring, transferred to transparent plastic and put it with pen or ink. In the event that color is used, it is applied to reverse side Plates.

Then the operator frame photographs drawings using a special chamber.

Then the animation is made (revival).

Actors voiced film characters.

Finally, the sound engineer synchronizes the sound with the image.

Music can be written by a composer specifically under the image, and it may be that the image is drawn and mounted under the already written music

So, we allocated the following

stages of creating a cartoon film:

1. Selection of plot

Everything starts with the idea. It can be as simply by someone who came to someone's idea and a competition of ideas or ordinary brainstorming. When the idea is ready, it is necessary to make an outline of portraits of future heroes, landscapes, scenes and film scheme. Created sketches or paintings are used to clarify the plot of the future film.

2. Writing a script

Creating a film begins with a detailed written filmceneuria. You need to show how each scene will look in the film.

3. Creating characters and settings

After writing the script, you need to draw or simply make a storyboard on scenes and in time.

4. Movement

Collect the cartoon: work out the animation, i.e. the character movement, using computer technology.

5. Selection of audio

Start voice actuator: connect the microphone, turn on the entry on the sound track, voice the characters.

6. Sound connection with the image

Synchronize the image with sounding.

7. Creating a screensaver and ending

They will help you to start brightly and effectively finish your film.

The process of creating a plasticine cartoon.

Writing a cartoon script. We decided to create a plasticine cartoon by famous fairy tale "Kolobok". During the scenario, Kolobok himself tells about his adventure. Spoke about a meeting with a hare, wolf, a bear. But the meeting with the fox was tragic.

Developing characters. To create a cartoon, we have prepared the following plasticine characters: Kolobka, hare, wolf, bear, fox. Made the necessary scenery: grandmother's house with grandfather, clouds and touches, sunshine, trees, path.

When the characters were ready, we made the background: the white plastic sheet was taken as the basis, the sky was painted gouache paintBecause on this material it is very convenient to have a cartoon characters, it is easy to shift them from place to place, if necessary, you can always clean the blurred sheet.

Preparation for shooting.

1. Camera setting:To shoot a cartoon, we chose the smallest frame size 640 × 480 on the camera. It is necessary so that the cartoon occupies little place in memory.

2. Installing a camera for a tripod:At first we were not aware of the need for a tripod. The first cartoon shots we shot out of the position, standing on top over the background. After they decided to check what happened, they were disappointed, as they saw the cartoon jumping frames, from which the eyes were tired. Since we did not have this tripod, adults made us a homemade tripod from the books.

3. Selection of height and tilt tripod:The camera on the tripod we secured so that in the lens there was only a background of the future scene, and nothing excess in the frame fell. Now we were sure that our cartoon's frames will not jump on the screen.

What is the frequency of frames?

The cartoon is created from the sequence of pictures (frames).

Frame rate can be different (in professional cinema is from 12 to 30 frames per second).

The creation of plasticine cartoons is quite laborious. Given that 2 frames account for 1 shot, then for one second cartoon you need to take 12 pictures (because speed is 24 frames / sec.). Accordingly, it is necessary to change the object 12 times to remove 1 second.

Useful tips when shooting. The camera is assigned. The tripod does not move. You can start shooting. Move the shapes need to be "slightly" and in the right direction. The figures on the screen can move simultaneously. It is necessary to monitor that during the shooting in the frame there were no extra details - mostly drawing hands.

Important! The shooting site and the camera must maintain their position over the entire shooting. It is impossible to move a tripod and a camera on it.

Film processing withvideo editor Cinema B.Windows 7

After the filming of the cartoon frames, we moved them to a computer. There they had to be treated with a special program. We chose a popular program video editor Cinema B.Windows 7 Create cartoons in it is completely simple .. But counted that for the first time it is not bad.

4) View cartoon . And this long-awaited hour came, which we waited so long. Many times we looked through our favorite first cartoon.

Together with us, our other classmates created other cartoons.

"The story of the beasts" "On the Terrible Tuchka"

Conclusion

Based on our work, you can draw the following conclusions:

1. Since the release of the first cartoon has passed more than 100 years, but their popularity does not fade.

2.. Filming cartoons - very painstaking work!

3. Knowing the main secrets of creating cartoons, with available technical support, You can create your own cartoon.

Thus, we managed to achieve our research goals. The hypothesis confirmed at the beginning of the study by us. The knowledge gained during the study allowed to increase the interest of the surrounding animation of animation.

In the future we want

Create cartoons with fictional heroes

Find out how cartoons affect our consciousness, the consciousness of all children.

Bibliography

What. Who it. In 3t. T.2 - 3rd Edition, recycled and supplemented - M. Pedagogy - Press, 1992

I. Ivanov-Vano-drawn film - M.: Goskinoizdat, 1950

Anna Milborin I draw cartoon - M.: Eksmo, 2006

Used resources:

http: //xn----9sbmlcancehc7el2iuaw.xn--p1ai/info/znachenie_slova_multiplikaciy.html

http://www.myltik.ru/index.php?topic\u003dInteres/history.

Project: First steps in animation. Creating a cartoon.

Publication date: 20.04.2015

Short description: The first steps in the animation. All children love to watch cartoons. Students of the 4th class interested the process of creating a plasticine cartoon, and they decided to try to make their own. Suggested that if the secrets of the creation of cartoons are revealed, they can

preview material

Department of Education of the Administration of the city of Noyabrsk

Municipal Autonomous Secondary Institution

"Average educational school number 2 with in-depth study of foreign languages"

municipal Education City Noyabrsk

First steps in animation. Creating a cartoon.

Sanina Nastya,

Akhmedzhanova Sofya,

Kudryashova Christina,

Earthy Ivan.

Leader:

Mikhailova Elena Viktorovna

primary school teacher

Mausosh№2 Weii.

Noyabrsk

Introduction .............................................................................. ..2-4

Theoretical part .................................................................. 5-7

Practical part .................................................................. .8

Conclusion ......................................................................................... ..9

References .................................................................. .9

Application………………………………………………………………….

Project passport.

List of project team: Sanina Nastya, Akhmedzhanova Sophia, Kudryashova Christina, Earthy Ivan

Project Manager: Mikhailova Elena Viktorovna, class teacher.

Subject: Technical Creativity and Invention

Project Type: creative.

the name of the project: Creating a cartoon. First steps in animation.

Objective of the project: Creating a cartoon.

Project tasks:

Hypothesis: We suggested that if we reveal the secrets of creating cartoons, we can create your own cartoon.

Object of study: Multiplication

Subject of study: Cartoon creation process

Research methods: Collect information from various sources, comparison, analysis, observation, cartoon shooting.

Project relevance - We consider it necessary to carry out this project, because 1) We want to find out the secrets of creating cartoons to create your own cartoon. 2) This work would help to interest students in working with netbooks.

Academic subjectWithin the framework of the project: technology, computer science.

Project Product: Cartoon. Report on work (presented its work in the form of a presentation to their classmates, showed them a cartoon).

annotation: The project makes it possible to understand the foundations of photography, animations and cinematography. Purchase knowledge, skills and skills in creating a cartoon.

Terms of holding: Middle duration-2 months (February, March)

The problem, the solution of which is dedicated to the project: How to create a cartoon?

Stages of work on the project:

Distribution of duties in the group

Studying literature

Completing of the work

Introduction

In November, we took part in the school network project "Winged wallets", where they were shielded by the Bassnya I.A. Krylov. We were filmed on the video (with the help of a netbook) the staging of the fables, where the guys played the roles. And now they decided to go further and try creating a cartoon.

We love to watch cartoons.

We decided to find out how the word cartoon explains in the dictionary.

Multiplication-filming of drawings or dolls depicting individual moments of movement, as well as a film obtained by such a shooting. Cartoon or cinema. Cartoon is a cut from a cartoon film.

We were interested in the process of creating a plasticine cartoon, and we decided to try to make our own.

But how to create it? Where to start? What are the secrets of creating cartoons? To get answers to the questions exciting us, we decided to conduct a study.

The purpose of our study: Remove the secrets of creating cartoons.

Research tasks:

Get acquainted with the process of creating a cartoon, a cartoon species.

Remove the cartoon film.

Submit the results of your work.

Hypothesis: We suggested that if we reveal the secrets of creating cartoons, we can create your own first cartoon yourself.

Object of study: animation.

Subject of study: The history of animation, the process of creating cartoons.

Research methods: Collection of information from different sources, comparison, analysis, observation, cartoon shooting.

Started with a simple: went to the library, used the Internet - found out how to remove the cartoon. For 3 years we have been working with netbooks, so they decided to shoot at them.

At first we studied any of the cartoons.

Few people know that the animation appeared even before the cinema. The founder of cartoons is considered to be Emil Reyno. In 1877, he presented the first moving ribbon to the public, which consistently replaced each other drawn pictures. However, and before him there were attempts to revive the pictures. Even in the XV century, a book was common in Europe, which, with rapid twisting, created the illusion of characters' movements. Actually, on this, the principle of animation was built.

There are such cartoons such as hand drawn animation, puppet animation, plasticine animation, computer animation.

Hand drawn animation is when the desired character is drawn on a number of individual sheets with minor changes in each variation, and then these sheets are superimposed on each other, after which the continuous change of frames is reproduced.

Puppet animation is when dolls-actors are used right in front of the camera, and then step by step photographed by making minimal changes to create the illusion of movement.

Plasticine animation is the use of plasticine dolls, inside which the metal frame is inserted in order to give stability characters, as well as for the possibility of their numerous change in various variations, without losing its form.

Computer animation is when the desired character is created with the help of computer equipment, which subsequently helps bring it into motion.

The most popular view of animation to this day - hand drawn. Only technical devices are changing. If earlier cartoons draw from hand, now it's done on the computer. The principle of how drawn cartoons do, remained unchanged.

First spell a detailed script. Then all the characters are drawn. Each drawing is an element of the character movement, a separate posture. There may be thousands of such drawings. After the drawings, either take pictures one by one and are reduced to a single video series with 24 frames per second, or with the help of special programs the same is done on the computer.

Computer animation is the most promising direction today. It is especially highlighted 3D cartoons. They allow you to make an image volumetric. This is a very expensive technology, but it is precisely 3D cartoons today collect full rooms in cinemas.

Favorite from childhood plasticine cartoons are made a little easier. But here you will not call the computer to help, except at the installation stage. All figures in all their actions are molded manually.

In the figures make from special plasticine, which does not melt under the lamps. Then they are placed on a special surface of pure color (blue, green) - chromocks. Figures are filmed on. Then the background is also removed. And already on the computer, the background and figures are connected. This is called the handling method. Now he is most common.

To create characters, we decided to blind heroes, and the background to make paper and cardboard. On this material it is convenient to move the characters.

To start shooting your cartoon, which will be plausible to look, it is necessary to have at least an approximate understanding of the timing, i.e. Calculation of time between frames. There are many good books about this theme. For example, "timing in animation". But if briefly, you need to remember that frames in the cartoon go even at the same time intervals. And, for example, a toy machine must move with different speedAfter all, first it stands, and then begins to increase the speed. She does not immediately pick up speed? At the end of the way, it should slow down. It is necessary to calculate the position of the machine on the trajectory so that it is clear: here it is accelerated, and it slows down. This is the calculation of the timing or routing.

The next stage is a shooting. We will need a netbook, good lighting (lamp), our heroes and scenery and the main background.
One of the main stages is a script. We need to thoroughly think about what we want to see as a result, we need some heroes, from which material we will produce them that these heroes will do.

Chose the script of the future cartoon:

"A little bird lived in one forest, which loved to sing wonderful songs. She sang so beautifully that the whole forest was going to listen to her! From Soroki, she found out that people are customary to give flowers to the favorite performers. And she loved the flowers strongly, like singing! Long bent Ptashka. But one day, after the next improvised concert, the woodpecker flew to Ptashka and presented her ... chamomile! Oh, he was a true gentleman! Ptashka was incredibly happy !!! "

Now it is necessary to set the light. If we work with natural lighting (from the window), then you need to be prepared for the fact that it will unexpectedly change: for example, the sun will go for a cloud or vice versa. Therefore, it is easier to work with artificial light, because it will be permanent.

Now you need to configure the frame. Characters are voluminous and need to additionally install the scenery. We draw attention to the fact that unnecessary objects do not fall into the frame.

Now check. We must put on the background of the main character, check how it looks in the frame. Make sure about the correct settings of the netbook, the mode of shooting, light.

We start shooting.

First of all, we will make a couple of frames of an empty background and only then our characters will appear.
For example, a bird arrives at the beginning. Pttashka near the frame of the frame, let the head appear in the frame at first. Photographing. Move the Ptashka forward for about 1 cm, again we take pictures. And do not forget to remove your hands out of the frame when you take pictures. After shooting 10-15 frames, scroll through the frames in fast Tempe (This will look like this and make conclusions: I like it or do not like how it moves. Errors, as a rule, are immediately noticeable. If you like ─ I continue to shoot. When we stay out all that we have thought, you can think about the credits. Of particular interest to think about the type of titles in the cartoon style. You can make the letters of plasticine or alternately write on paper right under the camera.
When everything is pressed, you can proceed to the second stage ─ montage.

Take all our photos - frames and transfer to the computer for installation. Installation we will do with windows programs Movie Maker, which goes to standard set operating system Windows. It is very simple, run the program, import our images and by dragging them into each corresponding frame. In the "Service" menu - "Parameters" set the healness of the images, the default is 5 seconds, we take 0.5 seconds. You need to add audio support or voice the character. To do this, select the sound effects separately, let's voice the text of the fairy tale. To complete the File menu, select "Save the File File".

View cartoon. Finally the moment came when we were able to view their cartoon. We looked through our cartoon again and again. We really liked what we did. We gladly shared with classmates Cartoon creation secrets and showed their cartoon. We also decided to show our cartoon of the whole school and laid it on the school site. Everyone can look now our cartoon!

Thus, we revealed the secrets of creating cartoons and created their own cartoon.

Conclusion.

The hypothesis nominated by us was confirmed. We studied the secrets of creating cartoons and were able to remove their first cartoon themselves. Subsequently, we will learn to pay more attention to different details. Such as background, movements of heroes, etc. We do not want to stop there. The knowledge gained and skills will help us when creating new cartoons, where we will write the script, according to concern us.

Bibliography:

S.I.zhhegov and N.Yu.Shvedova. The Russian dictionary of the Russian language.

TV channel "Carousel" - cartoon "Fixy".

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