What is the breakdown of obcomments. What is "Oblomovshchina"? Oblomovka and "Oblomovshchina"

We are familiar with high school. There we are inspired that "the breakdown is a moral decomposition, nonesthela, parasitic pathological lazy." However, is it so? And as far as this phenomenon is characteristic of modernity, for

As a rule, it says that the breakdown is the echoes of the Barskaya, noble Russia in the worst version. But remember with what love writer will recreate the unhurried rhythm of the life of the manor. As truly gently he describes the dream of his hero, his dreams, his only tied relationship with Olga Ilinskaya. Maybe the breakdown is, in Goncharov, the characteristic feature of the Russian painting of the world? It's not by chance that the enterprising gallery in the novel is German, that is, as if a foreign body in the worldview of Slavophiles and traditionalists. The word "broomstone" in the modern language has long been almost abusive, in any case containing a negative assessment of the phenomenon. But the novel is not Paskvil, not a pamphlet. He recreates the struggle of two principles, the Western and Slavophilic, progressive and traditional, active and passive. Modern critics interpret it in a wider philosophical context. According to some, the breakdown is not so much social as an ideological phenomenon.

This is a lot of nature and beauty, the rejection of technical progress and the accelerating pace of life. loyalty to polls. This is a kind of Asian, almost Buddhist spirit. Lenin Is Ilya Ilyich? Of course. Only here Lained him - organic continuation of his upbringing and lifestyle. He doesn't have anything to fight for the existence, he does not need to work, because he is a landowner. In criticism, it was customary to condemn his attitude towards Olga Ilinskaya, his apathy and bravery, his unwillingness to take responsibility. But a modern family psychologist, most likely, would praise his decision and the refusal of romantic feelings. Oblomov himself realized how different they were with the bride, realized that any compromise would be a real breakdown of personality.

But with Agafei wheat, he gained happiness - a quiet, homemade, family. Yes, and Olga got what she wanted.

Consequently, is there a negative concept of "broom"? It is associated with eternal, up to the holes adjacent robe, a web, entropy, decline. But, on the other hand, the author painted his hero not one-sided. The image of Oblomov is ambiguous, like the worldview, the embodiment of which he is. Do not rush anywhere, do not build plans, do not rush in all directions, do not fuss. Live, enjoying today's day, the beauty of the surrounding world, art is not a dream of a modern person? Those who are driven by continuous progress that are constantly increasing demands, we forget how little in fact we need to feel harmony. But Ilya Ilyich found her intuitive. The breakdown is a kind of escapism, care to the world of fantasies. Such people do not rise against a living person, do not rewind validity, but reconcile with it. Is it unambiguous to say that this is an affected position? Herbonov himself does not give a direct response, but provides the opportunity to the reader to appreciate the hero and his world.

Thanks to Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov, the concept of "broomstation" appeared. This word, the author identified the state in which his main character is smart, cute, with a clean soul, who does not want to live as the majority of his acquaintances live. At the same time, the bugs do not have a "path" - he only dreams, builds unrealized plans and does not do anything at all. Life, youth, love pass by him, and, it seems, there is no such strength that would make him get up from the sofa.

Disputes about what kind of breakdown, began immediately after the release of the book in the light and do not stop to this day. The source of these disputes lies, as it often happens, in consideration of the phenomenon of the breakdown from opposite points of view.

Oblastovshchyna - Social Evil

Since the novel was written in the era of the transition from serfdom to capitalism, many contemporaries seen in the Oblomovochina the production of feudal relations, a brake for social development.

Dmitry Pisarev called the Oblomovochina "submissive, peaceful, smiling apathy", and Oblomov - Flashing, spoiled, "accustomed to Baria, inaction and complete departure to his physical needs."

Anatoly Koni's prominent State Avestigator even argued that the contemporary misfortunes of his apathy, the fear of every soil and the lazy non-resistance of the evil, they negate the cribs of the life and needs of the country. "

Oblastovshchina - the search for the highest meaning

However, not all critics were limited to such a one-sided interpretation of the concept of "broom." Many tried to consider this phenomenon from universal positions, to see in it more than the pathological laziness caused by social conditions. So, the contemporary of Goncharov's writer Alexander Druzhinin argued that "it is impossible to know the Oblomov and not to love him deeply" if only because "it is positively incapable of an evil case."

Already in Soviet times, Mikhail Privhanin wrote about the novel "Oblomov": "In this novel, the Russian laziness is glorified in this novel, and it is borne by the image of dead-acting people. No" positive "activities in Russia cannot withstand critics of Oblomov: His peace is in itself A request for the highest value, for such activities, because of which she would be worth losing peace. "

With him are solidar and modern critics Peter Weil and Alexander Genis. In his book "Native speech: Lessons of elegant literature", they describe the Oblomov as the "only genuine person in the novel", who does not want to put on themselves on themselves by the Company, protecting their right to remain just a person.

Roman I. A. Goncharov "Oblomov" was published in 1859, at the moment when the question of the abolition of serfdom was extremely acute in the country, when Russian society had fully realized the decent conquest. Deep knowledge of life and the accuracy of social analysis of characters allowed the writer to find an amazingly correct definition of the text of the Russian life of the time - the breakdown.

The action "Oblomov" covers, with intervals, the period of time since 1819 (when Ilya was 7 years old), until 1856. Directly the action of the novel takes eight years, considering his "prehistory" and "after historical" - thirty-seven years. Such a wide distance of time did not cover until any Russian novel. Before us was the whole life of a person. And together with her, the processes of a large historical period revealed in "Oblomov", a whole era of Russian life. (3)

Goncharov explored and revealed in artistic images the origin of the grunce, its development and a degrading effect on the human person. It was this sociological "monographicity" that allocated "Oblomov" from a number of families close to him on the subject of the works of "childhood" and "adolescence" of Tolstoy, "Family Chronicles" - and to some extent brought "Oblomov" with such works of Shchedrin, as "Poshekhonna Starina" And especially the "Lord Golovy". (27)

In this novel, an extensive, universal psychological task is permitted, which could only arise in phenomena of pure Russians, national, possible only with our lifestyle, with those historical circumstances that have formed a folk nature, with the conditions under the influence of which developed and partly develops to Now our young generation. The author affected the vital questions and shortcomings of the Company with the aim of showing the full picture of the picture of life as it is, and a person with his feelings, thoughts and passions. Full objectivity, calm, impassive creativity, lack of narrow temporal purposes and lyrical impulses that violate clarity and distinctness of the epic narration are the distinctive signs of Goncharov's talent. The thought of him spent in the novel belongs to all centuries and nations, but is of particular importance for Russian society. The author has conceived to trace the dead, destructive influence that mental apathy on a person is on a person, the showdown, mastering little with all the power of the soul, embracing and thoroughly, all the best, human, reasonable movements and feelings. This apathy is an universal phenomenon, it is expressed in a wide variety of forms and is generated by heterogeneous reasons; But everywhere there is a terrible question in it: "Why live? What to work? " - The question for which a person often cannot find a satisfactory answer. This unresolved question, this dissatisfied doubt depletes the forces, ruins activities. Human hands are lowered and he throws work without finding him goals. One with indignation and with biliary will discard his work, the other will postpone her in the direction quiet and lazily. One will rush out of his inactivity, to resent on yourself and on people, to look for something, which could be filled with an internal emptiness, apathy will take it with a shade of gloomy despair and will intervene with feverish gusts to erratic activities, but will remain apatin because What takes away from him to act, feel and live. In another, the indifference to life will be expressed in a softer, colorless form, animal instincts quietly float to the surface of the soul, frown without pain, the highest aspirations, the person falls into a soft chair and will fall asleep, enjoying his meaningless peace. Instead of life, stagnant water will begin in the soul of a person, which will not affect the external world, which does not disturb any inner coup. In the first case, this is forced apathy. At the same time, we are watching the fight against it, an excess of forces, asked to work in the case and slowly extinguishing in fruitless attempts. This is a bayronism, illness of strong people. In the second case, we deal with submissive apathy, peaceful, smiling, without a desire to get out of inaction. This is a breakdown, as Her Goncharov himself called, the development of which also contributes to the Slavic nature and the entire life of our society. It is such an apathy, its development described in the novel of Goncharov, showed with incredible accuracy by tracing from sources to complete. (one)

For this idea, the entire plan of the novel is built so thought. There is not a single chance, not a single introductory person, not one extra detail. Everything is strictly natural and, while it is quite meaningful, the idea, events, and there are almost no action. The content of the novel can be described in two, three lines, as can be told in a few words the life of every person who has not experienced strong shocks. The interest of such a novel, the interest of such a lifetime is not in the intricate adhesion of events, but in observing the inner world of man. This world is always interesting, always attracts attention, especially accessible to study in calm minutes, when a person who makes up the subject of our observation, is granted itself, does not depend on external events, not put in an artificial position due to a random coincidence. In such calm moments of life, a person focuses on, collects his thoughts and looks into his inner world. It was then that it happens to anyone not noticeable, the deaf inner struggle, it matches and develops a thought or a turn on the past, evaluation of own actions, self-person. Such mysterious minutes, especially the roads for the artist, are especially interesting for the enlightened observer. In Goncharov's novel, the inner life of the actors is open before the reader's eyes. (3)

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, the hero of the novel, personifies the mental apathy in himself, whom Goncharov gave the name of the barbecue. The word Oblomovshchina will not die in our literature: it is compiled so well and so fabricates one of the substantial vices of our Russian life, which is likely to be in the literature, it will penetrate into the tongue and will enter into universal use (1).

To understand the essence of the Oblomeness, the descriptions of the life of Ilya Ilyich Goncharov skillfully describes everything that surrounded the main character, the place of his life, his parents, who symbolicly act as conductors in the novel. (9.24)

The crushing was depicted was a gonchard with amazing completeness and versatility. He showed an isolated, closedness of this social environment: "They were focused on them themselves did not crossed themselves and did not come into contact with anyone." Oblomovka before us appeared in his silence and "in a calmness of calm", so characteristic of this patriarchal silence. The inhabitants of the crushing characterized the undivided power of the tradition: "The norm of life was ready and taught to them by their parents, and they took her, too, ready from grandfather, and grandfather from the great-grandfather, with the covenant of the obstacles of its value and inviolability." Patriarchal crushing - the kingdom of laziness. People live here, the soul of which "peacefully, without interference drowned in a soft body" (10)

When analyzing the chapter "Sleep Oblomov" clearly clarifies the position of Goncharov in relation to the "ideal of peace of mind and inaction", which the existence of the inhabitants of the crushing in the chief hero of the novel thinks. No wonder in the description of the crushing, the images of sleep and death is not only infinitely repeated, but also equates to each other, for peace and silence serve as the characteristics of both "twins", as these states of the human soul Tyutchev FF:

"Everything promises there the late long-term life before the yellowness of the hair and the invisible, sleep like death"

"Quiet and sleepily everything in the village .... In vain you will click loudly: the dead silence will be the answer "

"Dead silence reigned in the house. Coming an hour of universal afternoon sleep "

"In the Oblomovka, everyone is so hard and deceased"

Moreover, symbolic designations of life and death are often faced in the context:

"Everything is promulit there the late long-term life"

"Life as the late river"

"Three main acts of life - homeland, weddings and funerals"

"Sleep, eternal silence of sluggish life"

The concepts of life, death, sleep, peace, peace, silence - in fact, do not have independent characteristics, are no different for the ruble and these states themselves. "Sleepy crushing is the afterlife kingdom, this is an absolute peace of man ...".

Oblomovshchyna, according to Goncharov himself, corrupted not only the estate class, but also the famous part of Russian peasants, which was separated from productively labor. The dividious servants inevitably became a type of Baybakov - it was that the life path of Zakhar was. Zakhar is the same oblique person, as well as bugs, but if the first one is dramatic, then it only became comic here: Zakhar's consciousness did not suffer from cosiness. Everything that Oblomov is clothed in the poetic robe "Dreams", spoke at Zakhar in all his prosaic height

However, a comprehensive decompression show was not the goal, but to the means. In the center of his attention was the fate of a boy brought up by this full and oblique environment. Goncharovsky Roman is striking us the depth of penetration into the spiritual world of Ilyushi Oblomov. With the art of a genuine psychologist, Potters put the problem of the destructive impact of the reaction medium on a living and an inquisitive child in which she, however, brought up anemia, inability to live and act.

Oblomovka donated the will of the Will in the man trembled. Bakes acknowledge this, saying gallery: "I know everything, I understand everything, but there is no strength and will. Give me your will and mind and lead me (10).

The main task of the author in the novel - to show how a person is gradually dying in a person, as far as the landowner is not adapted, not accustomed to anything. The main qualities of the good, cute Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is his inertness, apathy, aversion to any activity. The faithful traditions of realism, I. A. Goncharov, shows that these qualities were the result of the education of Oblomov, they were born with confidence that any desire would be fulfilled and for this should not be made any effort. Oblomov - nobleman, he does not need to work for the sake of a piece of bread - hundreds of fortress zakhars in the estate work on it and fully ensure its existence.

So, he can lie all day on the sofa all day, not because it is tired, and therefore "what it was its normal state." He almost merged with his soft comfortable bathrobe and long wide shoes, in which virtuoso fell from the first time, barely swallowed his legs from the sofa. (27)

In the youth of the bug "" was full of all sorts of aspirations, hopes, I waited a lot from the fate and myself, everything was preparing for some beginning to some role. " (10) But time went, and Ilya Ilyich was going through everything, it was preparing to start a new life, but did not move on any purpose. In Moscow, he received a good education, but his head "was as if a library consisting of some parts of knowledge." Entering the service, which was previously presented to him in the form of some family lesson, he did not assume that life was immediately divided into two halves, one of which will be difficult and boredom that it was synonyms for him, and the other - From peace and peaceful fun. He realized that "it is necessary to be at least an earthquake, so as not to come to a healthy person to the service," and therefore he resigned soon, then stopped leaving back and completely got into the room. If the brooms and recognize some kind of work, then only the work of the soul, because dozens of generations of his ancestors "demolished the work as a punishment imposed on our forefathers, but could not love, and where there was a case, always got rid of it, finding it possible and due ".

In the life of Oblomov was a minute when he thought about the reasons that prompted him to lead such a life when he asked himself a question: "Why am I?" In the climax chapter of the novel "Sleep Oblomov", the writer answers this question. (1, 17)

He creates a picture of the provincial landlord life and shows how lazy hibernation gradually becomes the normal state of the person.

Chapter "Sleep Oblomov", has an independent value. In the preface to the novel literary critic V.I. Kuleshov writes: "Goncharov decided entirely to insert a previously published" Sleep Oblomov ", giving him a kind of symbolic meaning in the overall composition. In the composition of the novel "Oblomov", this early essay began to play the role of preliminary history, an important message about the childhood of the hero ... The reader receives important information, thanks to which raising the Hero of the novel was made by Lessel. Since the lazy hibernation became the "style of life of the hero and more than once, he was dreams, dreams who endured him into the world of dreams, imaginary kingdoms, then naturally turned out for him and" Sleep Oblomov ". His unique presence with a special title in the composition of the novel acquired some kind of symbolic importance, gave the reader the opportunity to realize where and what exactly was this life "crumbled." But this is not all that includes a wonderful episode.

Such long and clear dreams, from a medical point of view, does not happen, and there was no chance of the task to describe a real sleep. Here the dream is a dream, he is conditional, also logically built.

In the IX chapter of the novel called "Sleep Oblomov" is shown idilation of childhood. Childhood is a special page of Russian classical literature, heartfelt, poetic; The joy and sorrows of a child who knows the world, nature, were described by S. T. Aksakov, L. N. Tolstoy, A. N. Tolstoy, V. V. Nabokov. It can be said that the theme of childhood is nostalgic, especially in the Nabokov, for whom childhood is also the lost homeland, which he carries in himself.

In a dream, the bugs are transferred to the estate of their parents, "in the blessed corner of the Earth," where there is no "sea, there are no high mountains, rocks, the abuses, nor dense forests - there is nothing grandiose, wild and sullen." The idyllic picture, a number of beautiful landscapes appear in front of us. "Right and calmly performed there an annual circle. Deep silence lies in the fields. Silence and life calm reign in the nras of people in the very edge, "says Goncharov. Oblomov sees himself a small boy seeking to look into the unknown, set more questions and get answers on them. But only the concern for food becomes the first and main life concern in the crushing. And all the rest of the time it takes the "some kind of all-consuming, nothing invincible sleep, which goncharov makes a symbol characterizing people like Oblomov, and which calls the" true selection of death. " Since childhood, Ilya was accustomed to the fact that there should not be anything to do that for any work there is "Vaska, Vanka, Zakharka", and he himself at some point realized that so "much much". And therefore, all the "seeking manifestations of strength" in Ilyos "appealed inside and nicli, fading." Such life deprived the hero of the novel by any initiative and gradually turned him into a servant of his position, his habits and even the slave of his servant Zakhar.

Ilyusha Oblom has everything that is characteristic of a normal child: a liveliness, curiosity. "His passion wants to take a hanging gallery on the enveloped all the house ..." "He with joyful amazement, as if for the first time, looked around and hurt the parent home ..." "Children's mind observes all the phenomena in front of him; They are in deep in his soul, then grow and grow together with him. " And nanny? Be sure to eat a nanny that tells fairy tales. But the significant words: "... The fairy tale blended up with his life, and he sometimes saddenly sad, why not a fairy tale, and life is not a fairy tale." Here, in childhood, all that will remain with him to death is already laid.

Idyll of the Life Life, Peace, Sweet Sleep, Frozen Life, Sleep all the crushing ... How did you understand life in the crushing? "Good people understood her not otherwise, as the ideal of peace and inaction, violated at the time of different troubles, somehow: diseases, losses, quarrels, and, by the way, labor. They demolished the work as a punishment imposed on our forefathers, but could not love ... "and death here was as if an imperceptible transition from the state of sleep into the dream is eternal. But there is in this idyll and endless charm.

"That's right and calmly committed there an annual circle." Nature itself, soft, calm, where there are no mountains, but there are hills that smoothly turn into the plain, embodies the "deep silence and the world." "Silence and imperturbative calm reign in the nras of people." In all this and the fade, and ... death. No matter how much charm and poetry are tali, they are about the frozen time.

I would like to live in this thorough time to adult Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. He sighs hard when his "life pulls out."

Sleep Oblomov plays an important compositional role in the novel. Starting with the II head of Goncharov leads to the apartment of Oblomov Visiters. Wolves, narcissist shyol, who needs to get "ten places." "Ten places in one day - unhappy! - Thought Oblomov. - And this is life! .. Where is the person here? What is it crushing and scattered? " And the bugs are happy, "turning over his back, that he does not have such empty desires and thoughts that he does not happen, but lies here, while maintaining his human dignity and his peace." The next visiter is the Sudybinsky, the former colleague Oblomov who made a career. "Alcoholic, a kind friend, on the ears altered ... And it will be in people, it will turn into business and ranks over time ... And how little it is necessary for a person here: his mind, will, feelings ..." The writer comes Penkin. Oblomov's conclusion after Pencois's leave: "Yes, everything is careful, to spend the thought, soul on the little things ... to trade with the mind and imagination ... Do not know the rest ... when to stay and relax? Unhappy!" A person comes without properties, even nobody knows his last name: whether Ivanov, or Vasilyev, or Alekseyev, who also fuss, is somewhere calling Oblomov. Finally, the fellow countryman Ilya Ilyich - Tarantyev, the personality is no less skateny than others. He says a master, noise produces a lot, but it's not enough to work.

Is a visit to the doctor who gives a delight to the bug: more move, walk "eight hours a day." After all, Ilya Ilyich has already begun early obesity.

Without taking all this empty activities (pursuit of career, money, secular entertainment), obcomments exposes themselves to "secret confession" and comes to the idea that "some secret enemy imposed heavy hand at him at the beginning of the road ...". It ended his reflection by the fact that "the dream stopped the slow and lazy flow of his thoughts."

"Sleep Oblomova" explains why the path of his visitors is unacceptable for Ilya Ilyich. The dream separates these visits from the arrival of the gallery, which played a huge role in the life of Oblomov.

With difficulty at the beginning of the fifth, it comes out of sleeping, and here, like a fresh wind with will, galley breaks. He has nothing to do with the former visitors. Stolz honest, smart, active. He sincerely wants to withdraw the brood from the hibernation. But it turned out that the domestic friend gallets also does not know the true goal of life, and its operation is largely mechanical. Oblons, in essence, realizing that gallery sincerely wants to help him, it turns out to be unable to join the life, go to his own way, and the operation of the gallery is not for him. However, the arrival of the gallery brought Oblomov from immobility, as if he gave him a chance. Oblomov seemed to have come to life when Olga loved. But here he saved.

Oblomov's days ended on Vasilyevsky Island in Wheat. This is also a kind of crushing, but without the feeling of childhood poetry, nature, waiting for a miracle. Almost unnoticed our hero goes into his eternal sleep.

What is the reason for the possibilities of Oblomov not carried out, the internal forces remained without use? Of course, it is rooted in a crushing. "Sleep Oblomov" explains why he did not want and could not go through early visitor, nor by galley: Ilya Ilyich was not a certain goal, nor energy for its implementation. Thus, Sleeping Sleeping is like a focus of the novel.

In his article "What is a breakdown?" N. A. Dobrolyubov wrote "Oblomov - not a stupid apathetic figure without aspirations and feelings, but a person who is also looking for something in life, about something thinking." (17) It is endowed with many positive qualities, and not stupid. In his judgments there is a sad truth - also the investigation of Russian life. What are all these faters, finks, foams seek? Indeed, is it worth getting up from the sofa for the petty bustle of which his former comrades are busy?

In an extremely simple and non-smashed by any external effects of the plub "Oblomov" Dobrolyubov saw a deep public content. He wrote: "Apparently, not an extensive sphere elected potters for his own. The story of how the Dobryak lies and sleeps the Dobryak-sludge of obcomments and how neither friendship nor love can awaken and raise it, not God know what an important story. But it reflected Russian life, it appears in front of us alive, modern Russian type, minted with merciless rigor and truthfulness; It affected the new word of our social development, uttered clearly and firmly, without despair and without childish hopes, but with the full consciousness of the truth. The word is "Oblomovshchina", serves as a key to solving many phenomena of Russian life and it gives Roman Goncharov much more social significance than how many of our accusatory stories have it. In the type of Oblomov and in the whole "Oblomeness" we see something more than just a successful creature of strong talent; We find in it the work of Russian life, a sign of time. " (17)

Turning to the form of Oblomov, Dobrolyubov seemed insightfully the source of his life drama partly in the external situation of Oblomov, in part "in the image of his mental and moral development." Dobrolyubov saw the image of those "Mnimo-talented natures" in Oblomov, who previously admired "before they were covered with different mantles, decorated themselves with different hairstyles, attracted to themselves with different talents. But now, the bugs are in front of us exposed, as he is, silent, minted with a beautiful pedestal on a soft sofa, covered instead of mantle only with a spacious bathrobe. Question what does he do? What is the meaning and purpose of his life? "It is raised directly and clearly, not clogged with any part-time." (27)

Oblomov destroyed serfdom, Barsk education and all the same stroke of the Russian landowner life, which is slow, but correctly turned off this person from life, turned it into an "warehouse, littered with any rubbish". (eighteen)

Antipode obolome is Andrei Ivanovich Stolz. It was introduced into the novel to emphasize the character of Oblomov, show the difference between them from each other, without him the painting of the ruble would not be full, so we won't go around the gallery.

Andrei Ivanovich Stolz is such a person who was still very little in that society. He is not spoiled by home education, he began to use a reasonable freedom from young years, early learned his life and knew how to make strong theoretical knowledge into practical activities.

The earliness of the belief, the hardness of the will, a critical view of people and for life, as well as faith in the truth and in good, respect for everything beautiful and elevated - these are the main features of the character of the gallery.

It was after the analysis of two heroes of the novel we saw a bright difference.

In the conclusion of this part of the diploma, I would like to summarize what is still such a breakdown, which is its place in the work of the potarov and the life of a Russian person.

Let us turn to the words of Gorky, who wrote that the generalizing force created by the potted image is enormous "... in the face of Oblomov in front of us the trifles of the nobility" (16). Oblomovtsy is not only a small provincial nobility, it's all the then Russian Baroge, who worried about the process of a deep, social and moral crisis. Oblons - the widest way in its range the image covering the entire noble-presented class, the synthesis of the most essential features of his psyche and primarily deep cosmia, convinced baybstoma. In the fate of Oblomov with an exhaustive fullness, the degradation process was shown, the degeneracy of a serfish structure with the features of wildness and stagnation peculiar to it. Oblomov - the personification of the entire landlord of life on the eve of the 60s.

Roman "Oblomov" was created by I.Gongcharov two years before the largest changes in the public and political structure of Russia. In 1859, the question of the abolition of serfdom was already acutely stood, since the Company realized the disadvantage of the prevailing arrangements. The hero of the work is a special type of local nobility, called the "Oblomovshchina".

Such a definition of the lifestyle of the best friend gives Andrei Ivanovich Stolz.

But what is the breakdown, why was she inherent in educated people? The answer is trying to find Ilya Ilyich himself, asked: "Why am I so?". In the chapter "Sleep Oblomov", the author shows that inertia and apathy are the result of the upbringing that I convinced the hero performed by any desires of without any effort.

Goncharov talks about the childhood of Ilya in his native crushing. Life in the village flows slowly and measured, every day is similar to the previous one. Breakfast is replaced by dinner, then the lazy afternoon dream and long evenings with fairy tales comes. Nothing interesting occurs in the crushing. From the youngsters of the Barin takes care of the servant: it is dressed, shove, feed, chopping away from the boy any desire for independence. The provincial preventive life gradually goes into a lazy hibernation, becoming lifestyle.

Thus, the breakdown is a special lifestyle that has been formed during generations. The full desire for the gallery to settle Oblomov, "awaken to life" is embodied only for a short period. Even the love of Olga Ilinskaya is not able to make Ilya Ilyich change habits. A short "awakening" becomes only a spark activity that quickly fades forever.

Oblomov is not ready to defend the right to love with Olga and chooses a convenient measured life with Agafei wheat. The Vyborg side becomes for the hero by the embodiment of his favorite crushing. However, Nurelian and lying on the sofa does not affect the spiritual qualities of Ilya Ilyich. It has a good temper, affectionate soul, morality and a subtle understanding of the surrounding reality. It is these qualities that attract the energetic gallery to it, they saw them and in love Olga. At the same time, the hero is not aimlessly day after the day lies on the sofa, in his mind there is internal work. He does not see the meaning of "work for work," as his friend Andrei.

In my opinion, the nobility itself provoked the appearance of grunce. This "disease" having social roots literally struck society in the mid-19th century. When a person knows in advance that he does not have to work for the sake of food and receipt of goods, he loses the ability to actively.

Updated: 2017-01-24

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"In a pea street, in one of the large houses<…> I was lying in the morning in bed, on my apartment, Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, "so I. A. Goncharov introduces us with the main character of the work, Barine a little over 30 years old, who does not know and does not want to know about labor. Old, worn sllafunge (sleeping robe) and homemade shoes - the usual holiday. These are symbols of laziness and apathy, the red thread passing through the whole life of the character.

"Yes, I'm a barin and do nothing!" - talks about himself bugs.

N. A. Dobrolyubov understood the "Oblomovshchina" as something social, "a sign of time". In his understanding, the image of Oblomov is a strictly minted type of Russian man, the "enabled" opportunity to shift all the responsibility on other people's shoulders. From the point of view of criticism, "Oblomovshchina" - the allegory of serfdom.

(Frame from the film N. Mikhalkov "For several days from the life of I.I. Oblomov." Ilya Oblomov - Oleg Tabakov)

Where did the "Oblomovshchina" sprout? This reader learns from the head of "Sleep Oblomov", where he is talking about the child's childhood. The life of the fortress estate is divided by two worlds: lazy, amorphous Barsky, where there is nothing more important than delicious food and strong, similar to sleep, and peasant - filled with difficulty aimed at solving household problems. We see the world, Zaradnaya, closed in traditions and customs who do not encourage living aspirations and, moreover, labor. Why, if there is "Zakhar and 300 more Zakharov"?

Departing from the concept of Dobrolyubov about serfdom, you can see in the "Oblomeness" the phenomenon that is often found in our day. Fear before shipping to "Large Life", persistently cultivated by parents in siblings, the life of "on the rolled" and the pre-generations of the trail follows the traditions and polls. Excessive guardianship and the creation of a social vacuum waters the slightest manifestations of curiosity and the urge to independence: "The seekers of the manifestations of the force appealed inside and nicli, fading."

The whole life of Oblomov is a desire to plunge into utopia, where everything is easy and there is no need to make decisions. Ilya Ilyich does not want to leave the house, all the time it is immersed in dreams about the reorganization of the manor, but the dreams remain dreams, and the world of Oblomov is still limited to the sofa, because the fairy tale is not life, and life is not a fairy tale. "

"Oblomovshchina" is a crushing, "primitive laziness", time spent in dreams and empty Gresses. The time it is created for action.

Answer in Ilya Ilyce at least one spark is no external force. Andrei Stolz's desire to return him to life collapsed under the pounding of fears, the feet and the notorious worn robe, who lashed not only the body, but also the mind, the soul of Oblomov. Olga's aspirations did not come true and Retail Ilya to society. The fallacy absorbed his essence.

("The same broom - yesterday and today")

All that is seized by a person infected with "Oblomovochina" is doomed. Around him everything dies, because there is no inside of fire, the desire to live, and do not drag the existence, lying on the couch and hiding from any "external stimuli."

The last refuge of Ilya Ilyich became the house of Agafia Pshenitsin, where he found the echo of his "cradle" - the crushing, to which all his nature was striking.