Modern Russian landscape players. School encyclopedia

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Below - a selection of pictures of Russian artists-landscape players 19 V. Polenov, Repin, Levitan and other old masters. Let's start with Queenji. Never was his fan, but this thing is gorgeous, IMHO.

Archka Quinji, "Crimea.Mor". 1898

Archka Queenji was pontic Greek And what is called Self-Made Man. The son of the beggar of Mariupol tried to become a student from Aivazovsky, but could not. Armenian Greek did not help. Then Quanji went to St. Petersburg, where from the third attempt came to the Imperial Academy of Arts. And at the end of life, it became in it a professor and a large sponsor. In 1904, Queenji donated to the Native Academy of 100,000 rubles (with a medium salary in the country - 300-400 per year).

Unlike Kindji, Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin was the son of a merchant from Vyatka and it was easier for him. More than a dad-merchant to his hobbies in every way promoted. But dad-dad, and also needed talent. Shishkin turned out to be just a landscape genius. Below is a gorgeous picture of "Pine on the sand". Summer!

Ivan Shishkin. "Pine on the sand." 1884

Still pines from Shishkin.

Ivan Shishkin. "Sestrian Bor". 1896

And oaks too.

Ivan Shishkin. "Oak Grove". 1887
Pay attention to how the shadows on the trunks of the trees are written. This is not you "Black Square" 🙂

And this is Fyodor Vasilyev, "Village" (1869). Another great landscape of the 19th century, which died at 23 (!) Of the year from tuberculosis. In the picture below, of course, there is a blatant destruction, the undeveloped road network, but the landscape is generally beautiful. The hut with a holey roofs, blurred road, abandoned as a log hit at all spoil the nature of nature, a flooded summer sun.

Fedor Vasilyev. "Village". 1869

Ilya Repin. "On the bridge in Abramtsevo." 1879.
And this is a landscape in the Dacha district of the then oligarch Mamontov, whose repin stayed in the summer. There were polenov, Vasnetsov, Serov, Korovin. Who is now at the villas of the richest people in Russia? ... By the way, pay attention to what outfit on the lady. It went through the forest to take a walk.

Vasily Polenov. " Golden autumn" 1893
River Oka near Taruza, next to the estate of Vasily Polenov. About the benefits of landlord land tenure: well, after all, when the artist has its own estate, where you can take a walk in nature.

But another option "Golden Autumn". Author - Ilya Semenovich Ostrukhov, 1887 Ostrochov was a versatile person, Moscow merchant, artist, collector, Tretyakov friend. Was married to one of the representatives of the tea magnates of Botkin, spent big products The acquisition of painting, icons, had his own private museum.

In 1918, this museum nationalized the Bolsheviks. However, the sharphuhov himself was not injured, he was appointed by the Museum "Lifetime Guardian" and even left for the use of the mansion in the Trubnikov Lane, where all this was located. Now it became known as the "Museum of Icon Painting and Painting named after I. S. Ostrukhov". You can say, lucky man. In 1929, Ostrukhov died, the museum was eliminated, the Epospions were distributed to other places, a communal apartment was arranged in the mansions, and later - branch Literary museum. Ilya Ostrukhov was called "artist of one picture", but what!

Ilya Ostrochov. "Golden autumn". 1887

Another banned landscape player is Mikhail Klodt (the nephew of that very, which "horses on the bridge in St. Petersburg"). The painting "Forest distance at noon", 1878 on the benefits of imperialism and selective tolerance: the ancestors of the Klodtov family, German barons from the Baltic States, fought against Russia in the Northern War. But after her - they were integrated into russian Society. Those, in exchange for the correct service, the new Fatherland of Baronam left the right and then breeding their Latvian and Estonian bars. This of course created some problems (in 1917) in the face of Latvian shooters, but Klodt, Alexy II and Admiral Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern appeared in Russia.

Mikhail Klodt. "Forest distance at noon". 1878

Another forest landscape and again the lady on a walk. Repin was in white, here - in black.

Isaac Levitan. "Autumn day. Solvers". 1879

The picture was written by 19-year-old Levitan after in 1879 he, as the Jew, was evicted from Moscow. Sitting on the "101th kilometer" and being in the nostalgic arrangement of the Spirit, the artist painted the Sokolniki culture and recreation park. The picture faced the Tretyakov, and about Levitan first recognized the general public.

By the way, the Levitan was soon returned to Moscow. But in 1892 they were evicted again, then in three months they returned again. The last Zigzag was explained by the fact that the eviction of Jews from Moscow in 1892 was led by the governor - grand Duke Sergey Alexandrovich, Uncle Nicholas II. Like many Romanovs, the prince was a major collector of painting. When it turned out that he was evicted from Moscow Levitan .... Well, in short, the authorities went for concessions.

By the way, with a nephew - Nikolai II - the prince was not in better relationship, considering it soft, not able to protect the monarchy. In 1905, the Prince will be broken into pieces of a bomb abandoned by a member of the combat organization of Serc Ivan Kalyaev.

Isaac Levitan. "Golden autumn". 1895

And now - the one who, in fact, taught Levitan to draw: Alexey Savrasov, Master winter landscapes, teacher, mobile phone. The picture is called: "Winter landscape" (1880-90). Brilliantly transferred paints of the winter sky in the middle lane. Evening sky, most likely.

The painting is gloomy, written by Savrasov in the last, the worst period of his life. When he left the family, he drank himself, bent. The artist became the inhabitant of the shelnary, a block of slums, Moscow DNA. Gilyarovsky recalled as one day he was with Nikolai nevervoy (the author of the famous accuratory painting "bargaining", where one barin imposedly sells another fortress girl), they decided to go to Savrasov, invite to the restaurant. Seen terrible them. " Also the old man opened ... sorry to the poor man. Wrong it - it will drink everything again ... "

Alexey Savrasov. "Winter landscape". 1880-90

And of course, where the landscape is gonzitsky there. Picture "Landscape" (1895). Sad time of year, vile weather, and do not tear the eye. Master Great was. Later, one of these paintings (by the way, the future "masters of socialism") will distribute slander on the artist, it is unreasonably accused of plagiarism. Konstantin Kryzitsky, without preparing persecution, hangs in his Petersburg apartment.

Konstantin Kryzitsky. "Scenery". 1895

The traditions of Russian landscape painting began to develop in late XVIII century. A huge contribution to the development of the Russian landscape made a partnership of mobile exhibitions at the head of I.N. Kramsky. Artists challenged the beauty of Russian nature, the simplicity of village and urban landscapes, immense expanses of Russia. Many Russian artists on different stages His creativity turned to landscape painting. We call some of them.

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin

I.I. Shishkin (1832 -1898) Truly melted the beauty of Russian nature and elevated this habitual beauty to the pedestal of honor. The art of Ivan Shishkin is characterized by simplicity and transparency. Already the first picture of the artist - "noon. In the vicinity of Moscow, "he became a real hymn of joy. Especially Shishkin glorified the beauty of the Northern Russian landscape. The masters were also called the "king of the forest." Such masterpieces like "Sosnovy Bor. Mast forest in Vyatka province "," Morning in a pine forest "," Forest Wilderness "," Forest Dali "and others, imbued true love to the Russian forest. Shishkin is considered the founder of a national realistic landscape, which means that the artist saw the nature of his people.

Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov

V.D. Polenov (1844-1927) entered the history of world painting as a master of urban and rustic landscape. Polenov's masterpieces include such pictures as the Moscow courtyard, "Babushkin Garden", "overgrown pond". Landscapes Polyenov are distinguished by beauty and poetry. The artist's epic landscapes include paintings: "Winter. Ivermen "," Village Turgenevo "," Old Village "," Rustic landscape With the bridge, "" Autumn in Abramtsev ".

Archka Ivanovich Kindji.

A.I. Queenji (1842-1910) began his work with social topics, later turned to landscape painting. In the paintings "Lake Lake", "On the island of Valaam", the artist challenged the beauty of Northern Nature. One of the most famous paintings Kindji is " Moonlight night On the Dnieper. " The artist managed to create an amazing light on his canvases, as if emanating from the paintings themselves. This is the so-called flash effect of a light flowering contrast, which helped the master to create the impression of the clarity of the world.

Alexey Kondratievich Savrasov

A.I. Savrasov (1830 - 1897) - a Russian painter painter artist. Savrasov is considered the founder of the Russian lyrical landscape, it was he who handed the beauty of the modest Russian nature. He said about him that this master created a Russian landscape. Samoa famous work The artist is the painting "Graci flew". Among other talented works of Savrasova: "Rye", "Winter", "Thaw", "Raduga", " Losina Island».

Fedor Yakovlevich Alekseev

F.Ya. Alekseev (1755-1824) is considered one of the founders of the Russian urban landscape. The artist's creativity was devoted to creating the image of classical St. Petersburg. His first city landscape - Painting "View of the Palace Embankment from Petropavlovsk Fortress" Alekseev skillfully passed the architecture in the landscape. Other famous web Masters are "View of the Mikhailovsky Castle in St. Petersburg on the part of the Fontanka", "View of the stock exchange and admiralty from the Petropavlovsk Fortress", "View of the Kazan Cathedral", "A view of the Admiralty and Palace embankment from side Vasilyevsky Islands" other.

We are glad to welcome you on a blog about modern art. Today I want to talk about painting, so this post is entirely dedicated landscapes of Russian artists. In it you will find the most full information About the work of Alexander Afonina, Alexey Savchenko and Viktor Bykov. All of them are not just talented, but gifted over personality. Their creativity is multifaceted, original and skillfully. They attract attention not only to the citizens of Russian land, but also representatives, collectors of far abroad. To write about them a short enough difficult task, but we will try to sing information to present your eyes only the most interesting and important of the artists and their creativity. Well, let's go to the landscapes of Russian artists?

Landscapes of the true Russian artist Alexander Afonina

Alexandra AFONINA is called a true Russian artist, modern Shishkin, which is quite justified. He is a member of the International Federation of UNESCO Artists (1996), awarded the title of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, starting since 2004. The artist was born in 1966 in Kursk. Began to draw at 12 years. Gradually adult young man They began to attract the reproductions of world masterpieces of painting. Father Paul was a support for Alexander, he explained to him the foundations of a drawing, a tonality. Putting the art of "at home", Afonin entered Kursk art schoolwhich graduated in 1982.

The period from 1982 to 1986 became a turning point for the artist further life. In addition, in this time interval, Afonin received education in the Zheleznogorsky Art School, it was then that he learned to professionalism. Today, Alexander considers this school as one of the best in Russia.

Alexander Pavlovich Afonin Prefers to write landscapes not from photography and not in the office, but from nature. The artist claims that copying photographic landscapes is good soil for degradation, in particular, loss of feelings of freshness and air sensations. No wonder the great masters like Levitan, Savrasov, Kindji were keen in search of nature.

Thanks to the talent and hard work in 1989, Afonin entered the Russian Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, which at the time just began the history of its existence. Alexander graduated from graduate school, became an associate of the academic department of painting and drawing, and was also appointed head of the landscape workshop. Now Alexander Pavlovich is already a professor, the Zavorkoy and the honored artist of his homeland. The artist believes that every deaf corner of the Russian land can and should be captured in the field of high art.

The pictures of the author are so poetic and permeated with freshness that they don't even want to tear off from one canvas in order to look at another. We wish you to get a sea of \u200b\u200bpositive emotions while watching the landscapes of the Russian artist.

Nature landscapes of different seasons from Alexey Savchenko

Alexey Savchenko is a pretty young artist, but already recognizable and very promising. The main topic of his paintings created by the etude manner of the letter are small towns, half-forgotten villages, surviving churches, in a word, a depth of immense Russia. Savchenko specializes in the landscapes of nature of different times of the year. As a rule, its paintings are transmitted by the nature of the middle strip of the Russian Federation.

Landscapes of the Russian artist Alexey Savchenko Do not take color, but by some wayward northern mood. Maximum color realism is perhaps this is exactly expressively visible on the author's canvases.

Alexey Aleksandrovich Nazhornitsa 1975. He was lucky to be born in wonderful historic city Sergiev Posad, the pearl of the Golden Ring, primarily known as the place of mass Orthodox pilgrimage.

In 1997, Alexey received a specialty designer artist, graduating from the All-Russian College of Toys. In 2001 - Faculty visual arts and folk crafts at the Moscow Pedagogical University. Starting since 2005 - Member Creative Union Artists of Russia. Constantly takes participation at exhibitions professional artists. Many of his work are at the collectors of the painting of Russia and beyond.

"Forest, like a living" Russian artist Viktor Bykov

Viktor Aleksandrovich Bykov is a famous Russian landscape system, the author of many works directly related to the beauty and lyricity of Russian Nature. The artist was born in 1958. It began to engage in painting early early. In 1980 graduated art school. In the period from 1988 to 1993, Viktor Bykov was taught in the famous Stroganovka, which is now called the Moscow State Art and Industrial Academy. S.G. Stroganova.

Today is the author's manner of painting in circles modern art called naturalistic realism, in those times The last century would say "Forest, like alive." Juicy tones in the hands of an experienced artist give the desired effect of living paintings. As soon as the connecting lines in combination with the textured thick layers of paint, applied with a solid massif on canvas, make the author's landscapes of the Russian artist at the same time bright and rich details. Through this reception, an enthusiastic feeling of fantastic paintings is achieved, their fabulous infinity.

Landscapes in the paintings of the Russian artist transmit incredible realism, it seems as if they would tell about the nature of the life of the sun's rays and, together with that, the transparent air is moved with huge volumes. The artist's paintings are saturated with harmonious flowers, fresh images, the mood of nature-mother.

Admire his winter, in which subtle-selected shades completely miraculously recreate various natural states - from frost resistance in the spring, crystal freshness of the snowy morning to the mysterious silence of the late winter Evening. Snow covers in the artist's paintings gives to feel the structure of the snow, the grit of its slender crystals.

Landscapes of the Russian artist Viktor Bykov Popular as B. native FatherlandAnd beyond (private collections in France and Germany). The artist's reproduction is used in decorative design, even when creating embroidery schemes. And who knows, perhaps, with the work of Victor, we are faced much more often, unfinished, incognito, without giving it of particular either mentally giving dreams about colorful Landscapes of Russian Earth And her talented art craftsmen.

In favor of the post, look at the wonderful video about the classic landscapes of Russian artists:

Since the most time, people have always admired nature. They expressed their love, depicting it on all sorts of mosaics, bas-reliefs and paintings. Many great artists devoted their creativity drawing landscapes. The pictures on which forests, sea, mountains, rivers, fields are depicted truly fascinating. And you need to respect the great masters, which are so detailed, colorfully and emotionally passed in their work all the beauty and power of the world around us. It is the painters of landscape players and their biographies will be considered in this article. Today we will talk about the work of great painters of different times.

Famous artists-landscape players of the XVII century

In the XVII century there was a lot talented peoplewho preferred to portray the beauty of nature. Some of the most famous are Claude Lorren and Jacob Isaac Wang Rainal. We will start our narration with them.

Claude Lorren

The French artist consider the founder of the landscape of the classicism period. Its canvas are distinguished by incredible harmony and perfect composition. Distinctive feature K. Lorren's technique was the ability to transmit flawlessly. sunlight, its rays, reflection in water, etc.

Despite the fact that Maestro was born in France, most He spent his life in Italy, where he left when he was only 13 years old. He returned to his homeland only once, and then for two years.

SAME famous works K. Lorrene are paintings "View of the Roman Forum" and "View of the Port with Capitol". Nowadays they can be seen in the Louvre.

Jacob Isaac Van Reydal

Jacob Van Reydal - a representative of realism - Born in Holland. During his travels through the Netherlands and Germany, the artist wrote a lot of remarkable works for which a sharp contrast of tones, dramatic color gamut and coldness are characteristic. One of the bright examples of such paintings can be considered the "European Cemetery".

However, the work of the artist was not limited to gloomy canvases - he depicted and rural landscapes. The most famous works are considered to be "View of the village of Egmond" and "Landscape with a water mill".

XVIII century

For painting XVIII. century is characterized by a lot interesting featuresIn this period, it was necessary to start the new directions in the mentioned form of art. Venetian painters-landscape players, for example, worked in such directions as a species landscape (another name - lead) and architectural (or urban). And the lead landscape, in turn, was subdivided into accurate and fantastic. A bright representative Fantastic lead is Francesco Guard. Even modern painters-landscape players can envy his fantasies and technique of execution.

Francesco Guard

All of its work, without exception, is distinguished by an impeccable exact perspective, wonderful transmission of colors. Landscapes have some magical attractiveness, it is simply impossible to take sight from them.

The most delicious works can be called the canvas " Festive ship Dwiets "Buchintoro", "Gondola in Laguna", "Venetian courtyard" and "Rio Dei Mendikanti". All of his paintings depict the types of Venice.

William Turner

This artist is a representative of romanticism.

A distinctive feature of his cloth is the use of a set of shades of yellow. It was the yellow palette that became the main in his works. The master explained it by the fact that such shades were associated with his sun and the cleanliness he wanted to see in his paintings.

The most beautiful and fascinating work of Turner is the "Heperday Garden" - a fantastic landscape.

Ivan Aivazovsky and Ivan Shishkin

These two people are truly the greatest and most famous artists-landscape players of Russia. The first - Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky - portrayed the majestic sea in his paintings. The austerity of the elements, raging waves, splashes foam, breaking on the side of the tilted vessel, or quiet, serene surface, illuminated by the setting sun - sea landscapes admire and affect their naturalness and beauty. By the way, such paint artists are called marinists. Second - Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin - loved to portray the forest.

Both Shishkin, and Aivazovsky - 19th century paint artists. Let us dwell on the life of these personalities.

In 1817, one of the most famous Marinists of the world Ivan Aivazovsky was born.

He was born in a wealthy family, his father was an Armenian entrepreneur. There is nothing surprising that the future maestro fell weakness to marine Vehicle. After all, the birthplace of this artist was Feodosia - a beautiful port city.

In 1839, Ivan graduated in which he studied for six years. The artist's style of the artist was greatly influenced by the work of French Marinists K. Verne and K. Lorren, who wrote their canvas on the canons of baroque-classicism. The most famous work of I. K. Aivazovsky is the picture "The Ninth Val", performed in 1850.

Besides sea landscapes, great artist He worked on the image of battle scenes ( bright example - Picture " Chesmensky battle", 1848), and also devoted many of their web topics armenian history ("Visit to J. G. Byron Mkhitarists Monastery near Venice", 1880).

Aivazovsky was lucky to achieve incredible glory in life. Many pains of landscape players who became famous in the future admired his works and took an example from him. The Great Creator left the life in 1990.

Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich was born in January 1832 in the city of Elabug. The family in which Vanya was brought up was not too prosperous (his father was a poor merchant). In 1852, Shishkin begins his studies in the Moscow School of Painting, Scarying and Architecture, whose graduate it will be four years later, in 1856. Even the very early works Ivan Ivanovich is distinguished by the extraordinary beauty and unsurpassed technique. Therefore, it is not surprising that in 1865, for the canvas "View in the vicinity of Düsseldorf" I. I. Shishkin gave the rank of academician. And after eight years he gets the title of professor.

Like many other painted from nature, spending a long time in nature, in those places where no one could disturb him.

The most famous canvases of the Great Painter are the "Forest Wilderness" and "Morning in pine Bor.", Written in 1872, and more early painting "Noon. In the vicinity of Moscow "(1869)

A life talented man Interrupted in the spring of 1898.

Many Russian landscape artists when writing their canvases enjoy large quantity Details and colorful color reproduction. The same can be said about these two representatives of Russian painting.

Alexey Savrasov

Alexey Kondratievich Savrasov is a world-famous painter artist. It is he who is considered the founder of the Russian lyrical landscape.

This was born outstanding man In Moscow in 1830. Since 1844, Alexey began his studies at the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture. Already from youth, he was distinguished by special talent and abilities to the image of landscapes. However, despite this, family circumstances The young man was forced to interrupt his studies and resume it only four years later.

The most famous and all the favorite work of Savrasov is, of course, the "Graci flew" canvas. It was presented on Mobile exhibition In 1971. The paintings of I. K. Savrasova "Rye", "Thaw", "Winter", "Caps", "Raduga", "Losyina Island", are not less interesting. However, according to critics, none of the works of the artist compared with his masterpiece "Graci flew".

Despite the fact that Savrasov wrote many beautiful webs and was already known as the author wonderful pictures, soon they forget about him for a long time. And in 1897, he died in a poverty, brought to despair by family turmoils, the death of children and alcohol addiction.

But the great paint artists may be forgotten. They live in their paintings, from the charms of which the spirit captures, and which we still can admire.

The second half of the XIX century

This period is characterized by prevalence in Russian painting of such a direction as a household landscape. In this line, many Russian landscape players, including Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich worked, including Makovsky. No less famous masters The times are Arsenii Meshchersky, as well as the previously described Aivazovsky and Shishkin, whose creativity had to be at the middle-second half of the 19th century.

Arseny Meshchersky

This was born famous artist In 1834 in the Tver province. He received education in The Imperial Academy Arts, where he studied for three years. The main topics of the author's cavalries were forest and the artist loved the magnificent views of the Crimea and the Caucasus in his paintings with their majestic mountains. In 1876, he received the title of professor of landscape painting.

The most successful and known canvas can be considered the paintings "Winter. Icebreaker, "View of Geneva", "Storm in the Alps", "Forest Lake", "Southern Landscape", "View in Crimea".

In addition to Meshchersky also passed the beauty of Switzerland. In this country, he was gaining experience at the master of landscape painting Kalam.

And the master was fond of sepe and engraved. In these technicians, he also created a lot of wonderful works.

Many artist's painted paintings were demonstrated at exhibitions both in Russia and in other countries of the world. Therefore, many people managed to evaluate the talent and identity of this creative man. The paintings of the Arseny of Meshchersky continue to delight many people who are fond of art, and to this day.

Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich

Makovsky V. E. Born in Moscow in 1846. His father was a famous artist. Vladimir decided to go in the footsteps of his father and received art education In the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, after which he left for St. Petersburg.

The most successful pictures of steel "Waiting. Ostrog, "Crash Bank", "Explanation", " Outdoor house"And" Spring Vakhanalia ". The works are mainly depicted ordinary people and household scenes.

In addition to domestic landscapes, the master of which he was, Makovsky also wrote portraits and various illustrations.