Literary Memorial Museum I KOLAS. Yakub Kolas Literary Museum
Work on the monument to Yakuub Kolas, which is part of the famous architectural ensemble on the Square named after the poet, Zaire Azgur began in 1949.
In the photo on which Konstantin Mikhailovich poses to Zaire Isaakovich, we see the Bust of the Writer, who eventually remained in the creative workshop of the sculptor. But this expression of the Facial of Kolas is immortalized and on the monument, under which several generations of Minsk residents were appointed and appointed to each other meetings.
Collas due to age at pamping was difficult to stand in one place, but the sculptor found a way out. He built an improvised pedestal from two benches, to which the writer responded with irony: "You built a luxurious throne to me. Should I go to him? " Initially, the work of the sculptor looked like this: the writer was resting with one hand on a cane, he held the book in the second. But one element obscured another, therefore, from the cane, from which the KOLAS did not part in the elderly, decided to refuse. And yet canes that helped Konstantin Mikhailovich move, also became part of the story - they stayed at the poet Museum. Kolas, it happened, she cut them out of wood.
This is not the first joint work of two talented Belarusians: For the first time, Azgur was ordered Bust Kolas back in 1924. When a young sculptor began to work, who had already made his name for himself the poet began to reclaim excerpts from Nova Zymli. During the second session, Yanka Kupala came to the workshop. Azgur experienced that Kolas was older than he really was, what Kupala said: "Yakub will live more than one hundred years, it's not scary that he looks like a little older. Later he will become older himself, and the sculpture will be younger. " The monument to the bust of the Klava himself later also appeared in the portfolio of Azgra.
The relationship between the sculptor and the poet went beyond the "Master - Forechist". Kolhas knew that in Leningrad from 1925 to 1927, Azgur constantly experiencing material difficulties, so it sent him a monthly 40 rubles. Once, having arrived in Minsk on vacation, Azgur met with a collasis in the house of the uncle-writer, and gathering home, Zaire found full pockets of apples in the jacket. At home, he was waiting for another surprise: in the same jacket lay huge money for that time - 200 rubles. Collas helped everyone who applied to him, and no one letter remained unanswered. The peasants asked for money on a cow; Once I wrote a girl with a request to help buy a wedding dress - Kolas did not refuse.
On the third day after the death of Kolas, the decision of the CPB Central Committee was published on the perpetuation of the memory of the writer. The document included many items: to publish an essays, open the museum, call it the name of the street. The tribute to the uncle Yakuba was given not only officials. For example, thanks to the Belarusian cosmonaut, Peter Klimuku, the miniature edition of the poems of Kolas visited even in space: so crew members cast leisure. Later, Klimuk brought this copy to the poet Museum, signed on it and left for memory. And to the 90th anniversary of Kolas, a 5x4 cm book was published, the cover of which is made of silver and malachite.
Konstantin Mikhailovich Mitskevich know not only in Belarus. In Danube shipping company, the ship was called "Yakub Kolas". By the way, the captain of the vessel personally came to Minsk for the materials about Kolas, so that each passenger could not only enjoy the trip on the boat, but also to get acquainted with the work of the Belarusian writer. They love our countryman even in China: the Chinese "New Zyml" poem and the story "Dygava" were translated into Chinese. And in 2012, the Chinese artist AOs portrayed the elderly poet on rice paper. This canvas also took its decent place in the Yakub Kolas Museum.
Photo: State Literary and Memorial Museum Yakub Kolas
Photo and description
The State Literary and Memorial Museum of Yakub Kolas was opened on December 4, 1959 in the house where the People's Poet of Belarus lived. Located at Ave. F. Skorina, 66a.
Today it is impossible to imagine modern Belarusian literature without Yakub Kolas. The Great Belarusian poet sang the song of revolution and war, glorifying the heroic feat of his people.
Yakub Kolhas (Konstantin Mikhailovich Mitskevich) was born in 1882 in the village of Grandfather. From 1906 he led an active revolutionary struggle, published poems and poems with a bright revolutionary content. In 1928, Yakub Kolas became an academician, during the war he wrote poems about the heroic feat of the Belarusian people, after the war, in 1946 he became chairman of the Belarusian Committee for the Protection of the World, since 1953 he was the editor of the Russian-Belarusian dictionary.
Two-storey house with a garden in which the museum is located on the territory of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The house was repeatedly rebuilt and in the form in which we can see it now, was built in 1952 to the 70th anniversary of the poet.
The museum contains an exposition with a total area of \u200b\u200b319 sq. Metro, located in 10 halls, telling about the creative path of Yakub Kolas, about the famous guests who were in this house, restored the interiors of the working office and bedrooms.
In the garden Yakub Kolas, his favorite pines are preserved, under which he loved to sit with friends, other trees planted with the hands of the poet. The poet lived a modest simple life. In the museum, everything is preserved and recreated as it was during the life of Yakub Kolas.
Yakub Kolas - nominal classic of the Belarusian literature of the 20th century. I will not say that I don't like the books of Kolyas - all the problems raised in them, long ago sat down and started at the same time we burst out that it was gone. Or even earlier. Or even it did not exist at all, the problems of this.
If briefly - all the books of Kolas about the peasants and about the village. Even when he wrote about the city - the Book of a village resident about the village was still obtained. He did not know anything else to write and did not want. Infinite dull wooden huts, gray and uninteresting life, household shoes and rotten potatoes, endless misfortunes of the honest labor people "Pad Panskim Gneps". So that you understand - it is about as if the entire history of the United States is reduced to the life of African American ghetto. Then the endless partisans started, speaking quotes from the reference book of a young Chekist.
For this he received a bunch of titles and awards and died in a warm bed. And this is at a time when Kafka and Joyce came, Thomas Mann and Bertrand Russell. When sparks were poured from under the literary anvil, who had a new understanding of what was a person.
However, we will not be about sad. Be that as it may, the Kolas still remains a prominent figure in the culture of Belarus, its name is called the central square of the capital and the street, on which there is a house with my Minsk apartment. Let's just see how "Dziadzka Yakub" lived in the fifties.
03. The House of Kolas is located in Minsk, in the Academy of Sciences. At the beginning of the fifties, it was the outskirts of the city, and now it is the most important center - the city has grown hard in the eastern direction. Build a house Architect Georgy Zaborsky; The one that designed many buildings in. The house looks quite recognizable and interesting.
05. Walk around the house. To the left of the entrance is the cellar - "Lyadўny".
07. Rephrasing the famous aphorism - "You can take a grandfather from the village, but the village from grandfather is never."
08. For the fence, the building is seen simpler where children and relatives Yakub Kolas moved after his death, making a museum from his house. For some reason, it seems to me that this house began to design and build on Yakub's life, right in front of the window of his office - but about it later.
09. From the reverse side, the Kolas house looks like this.
11. Let's look inside. The house begins with hangers (I remembered the proverb about the theater), where the original copper hooks are still preserved. Unfortunately, this is one of the few original items remaining in the house - especially on the first floor.
12. From the hallway it opens this type. On both sides of the shooting point - two passing rooms. Straight - something like a former kitchen. Now in the Kolas House, the exposition of the museum made in the best Soviet traditions - throw away the entire present and leave ideologically correct. In the house there was no bathroom, no kitchen - as you know, the Soviet writers do not dine and do not eat, but only constantly think about the fate of the people, the world revolution, and write, and write.
13. Here, for example, the door. Personally, it is much more interesting to me in the infinite collections of the works of Yakub Kolas, exhibited around. What was behind her? What did real life look like in the house? I can look at the book in the store. Why did they throw out the old handle and screwed up the Chinese gold-plated, bought for 2 dollars in "household goods" on the Logo tract?
14. Bands under glass. On the right, by the way, an excellent illustration in the traditions of the Belarusian book graphics, but still - the books here are not a place. Return the Kalkas cuisine, I want to see where he had breakfast every day.
15. Let's look more original items. Here, for example, stucco plinth. I do not know if he was here in the fifties.
16. Door box, of course, original. Maybe a little tinted during the repair.
17. Let's go to the second floor, there are more than any interesting original pieces. Stairs. Under the ceiling - a typical lamp of the fifties (I have the same house, there remained from the previous owners of the apartment), right - doors on the big balcony terrace, directly - doors to the office and the bedroom of Kolas (we still look there), left - doors in Parade part of the house. Go there.
18. The second floor has been preserved the original parquet of the fifties. Yes, it is just that - not very high-quality, uneven. The junctions between the rooms "traveled" from the residues. When walking, the parquet creaks. By the way, on the first floor under modern carpet, the same parquet remained the same parquet - old and squeaky.
19. Living room. Here, the original furniture was left here - Kolas brought her, it seems from somewhere from the Baltic States, and already at that time it was antiques. Furniture, in my opinion, is pretty tasteless.
20. Despite a fairly presentable look, the house smells a poor village - the smell of dampness and mice. I do not know why so.
21. Under the halfwar in the living room - a linel socket.
22. TV. I do not know if his cololas watched. Currently, one cube is at the original TV of the fifties of the fifties, within which the horizontal "cube" is also old.
24. Modern double-glazed windows in the old window frames. Well, the handles left.
25. Dining room on the second floor. Reminds the typical Minsk apartment of the fifties.
26. Furniture here is more peeking than in the living room.
28. Door handle. This is a real life - a video, with which the door closed. Most often, he fell inside - and accounted for a doorway to sweep the gum so that the door closes tightly. Even very remarkable screws - they were not twisted more often, and they were clogged with a hammer - once and for all.
30. Writing machine. This is also a pre-revolutionary model on which the Belarusian letter "N Nune's" has been added. The paper was gained by a well-wing text - about the wise policy of the Communist Party, the Soviet people, blah blah blah. And this is at a time when Elias Kanetti ... Well, we will not be about sad.
24. Bookcase. The choice of books of the writer will not comment.
24. Clock on a bookcase. In general, there are quite a few hours left in the room and several barometers - it produces a rather strange and mysterious impression. And I think I drew this mystery. Sitting in the office of her new home and that's time looking at the watch, such a fast counting time, already very oldly, Yakub Kolasa realized that this house was not built at all for him - and for the future museum of his name. In which his life will be pushed by ideologically faithful guides.
25. I know that I felt a cololasis, every day sitting down for the new desktop desk. He is no longer waiting for books, they do not expect poems; There is a kind of ban on transformations - he must remain the "Belarusian writer about the village." No need to write anything.
26. Life has lived. You live in the museum of our own caution, illegibility, loyalism. Those who were different - lie in the ground with a sacked head. You survived, you're better than them. True, Yakub? - asks Owl Press Patia.
27. I do not know what I answered the collas of the Council.
28. The last door remained. The door to the Writer's bedroom is a small passage room from the office. She leaves an amazing impression - a small room plucked in the long corner of a huge house. The ceiling in it is lower than the rest of the house. In the corner there is a small, almost teenage cot. In the legs of the bed - the door to the restroom, to the left of the door - the furnace.
Everything is very reminded by a small room in a rustic house.
29. The silence and barometer hangs on the wall. It seems to me that it was in this room Kolas felt cozy. He recalled the times of "our Niva" - when there were no USSR, no titles and regalia, nor the daily need to write about the successes on the sowing or nervous duty to respond to daily calls from the "benevolent organization".
He recalled about life without a golden cell.
30. woke up, looked at the ceiling and thought, thought.
30. And on the chair lies the portfolio of the writer ...
Over the past four years of life, the new home, Yakub Kolhas wrote a single new book.
In the House-Museum of Yakub Kolas cozy: it seems, the steps on the stairs seem to come together, by itself the chair in the office will move away, the springs of the sofa will join, the typewriter will declare. The spirit of the poet here is specifically. Excursants are slowly roaming in the halls, and the SB correspondent together with the director of the State Literary and Memorial Museum of Yakub Kolas Zinai Komarovskaya looks at the future tasks: in 2018, two important dates are coming - the 95th anniversary of the establishment of the poem "New Zaml" and 100 years of Lyriko epic poem "Symon Music".
The current team of the museum is small, but amazingly, what work is only 5 scientists. The poet's close ties were with Vilnius - today cooperation has been established with Lithuanian colleagues from the Literary Museum of A.C. Pushkin, a joint pedestrian tour route "Kolia and Vilnius" was developed in the places described in the "New Earth" poem in the section "Dziadzka ў Vilni" , "Clamping Gara" and "PA DAZERS ў Vinu". In the literary museum, Pushkin plan to create a separate exposition dedicated to Kolas. Its foundations have items from the House of Kamensky (Native Women's wife): table, bed, wall clock, icon in silver salary, candlestick with engraving 1910.
In 2017, when the 135th anniversary of the classic was noted, in Vilnius, at the initiative of our embassy, \u200b\u200ba memorial plaque was established at the house where Yakub Kolhas worked in the newspaper "Our Niva". The writer is not forgotten and in Uzbekistan, where she lived in evacuation in 1942 - 1943: In Tashkent, a memorial plaque was restored at his home and installed the bas-relief of the sculptor of Marina Borodina. And poets from St. Petersburg for the first time transferred all the "Symyon music" into Russian and published in North Palmir.
In a word, there is something to be proud and there are long-designed plans, to the fulfillment of which the museum starts in the new year, getting ready to celebrate the two iconic dates at once. But the most serious problem and the biggest pain of Zinaida Komarovskaya for all decades of work - the estate of Lastock, part of the branch "Nikolaevshchina", uniting the 4 former "Forests" on the Radziwill lands, where parents of the poet lived. Lustok - a unique corner where the house of 1890 is preserved, and the only one of all the estates included in the branch, which requires a serious restoration and conservation. The director does not hide sadness:
Zinaida Komarovskaya.
- Swalls from all the Khalovsky estates are the brightest place, here the poet lived in orphanage, from 3 to 8 years. It was in Lastoka that the action of "Symon-Musici" unfolds, because Symonka is the Kolas himself, a small boy on the lap of nature, for which everything around was magical, wonderful, beautiful ... It will be very offended if this house will not be preserved - and we try With all the might of him to save. We have an effort to make in it a more detailed exposition of "Syon-Musici", to improve the territory, carry out a solid repair. But to create a full-fledged museum of our efforts, even with the support of the Ministry of Culture, are not enough - the investments are too serious. I tried to look for investors, but alone such expenses could pull such expenses.
12 km from the city, the forest road - places that are really distant from civilization. But ... an agricultural agricultural might appear on 2 hectares of land, and even better - the writer house like those that can be found in the corners of Poland or Estonia: the place where the authors come out for all year round to meet, repelly come , work, and at the same time, and to translate the Belarusian classics to their languages \u200b\u200b- so that the word Kolas continues to go through the light.
The columnar pleases not only with natural beauty and historical details. In Akinchitsa, Albuti, Smolny and Lastock, the artistic and memorial complex "Svola Kolaas" was created: Rare-based wooden sculptures of folk masters based on the works of Yakub Kolas combine all branch museums.
- We would have more visitors, - Sincerely surviving Zinaida Komarovskaya. - Many years ago, Minsk - Nesvizh - Peace, and I raised this question: You can also call in Akinchitsy, it is only 2 km from the columns. It is necessary to show not only locks, you need to see the life and the lives of those who served Radziville. However, this topic bypassed the party. We also have both cycling and ski routes, and walking excursions, but guests are not so much as I would like.
But the Kalkas vehicles could be a reserve, no less serious and visited than the Russian Pushkinnich region. Is it really true such a great complexity - to correctly correct popular tourist routes?
The Literary Memorial Museum of Yakub Kolas - the Museum, the exposition of which is dedicated to the life and creativity of the outstanding Belarusian poet, prose, playwright, journalist and teacher Yakub Kolas (Konstantin Mikhailovich Mitskevich, 1982-1956).
About Museum
The Museum of Yakub Kolas was founded in 1956, the public was opened in 1959. The museum is located in the house where the People's Poet of Belarus Yakub Kolas spent the last years of his life. Two-storey wooden house and a garden adjacent to it with an area of \u200b\u200b0.4 hectares are located on the territory of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus.
The museum exposition is located in 10 halls, in two of which (desktop and bedroom) preserved the authentic interior of the Kolas house. Among the exhibits of the museum are personal belongings, historical documents and photos, manuscripts and books.
Information for tourists
Working hours: Monday - Saturday from 10.00 to 17.30; Sunday is a day off. Cashier works from 10.00 to 17.00.
Ticket price: For adults - 20 thousand. Bel., For students - 14 thousand. Bel., For children - 10 thousand. Bel.; For the preferential category of citizens, the entrance is free.
In the last Saturday of each month, the entrance to the museum is free for everyone.
Telephone: + 375 17 284 17 02
How to get: walk from the metro station "Academy of Sciences". The museum is behind the main corps of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus.
Official site: www.yakubkolas.by.