In the image of Margarita, the invincible power of female love is revealed. It is the love of the heroine, for which she turned into a witch, he saves a spiritually crumpled master. These are real feelings that are unable to kill neither separation, nor pressure from aggressive society, no fear for their own destiny.

The truth of this love is also noted in the description of how this love originated, saturated with completely unexpected and expressive comparisons. The same expression is also viewed throughout the behavior and character of Margarita.

Nevertheless, the chief testimony of the infinite love of Margarita to the master is the moral beginning. It manifests itself in his own heroic devotion of a woman to her beloved, her desire to save him at any cost, her willingness to share with him and life and death.

Loyalty to the moral law, which the heroine preserves and in totalitarian societywhere all the germ sprouts are destroyed, and in the epicenter of the Deviliad, where she had to play the role of the Queen of the Grand Bala of Human Flammings and Sins of All Times, gives her spiritual portrait of sublime and touching features, natural femininity and moral masculinity, sympathy for those who suffer , and merciless to those who tried to destroy her beloved. Margarita became one of the most pleasant female images In the literature of the twentieth century.

The image of the master is given the most expensive for Bulgakov, the idea of \u200b\u200bthe immortality of real art in his work. Also, the image of the master is largely autobiographical. The main thing is that bulgakovsky master It is depicted as a generalized image of the creator, compared with Faust Goethe and the city of a frying pan.

The master openly expresses disgust for primitive and lack of literary products, which is issued on-mountain Tinges soviet power. And after servusing the manuscript, he becomes an object for the derogatory criticism of colleagues in the literary workshop. Distinguished by the master among the detachment of Berliosov and its so-called "non-professionalism". However, the main proof of the truth of the art of the master, is that the novel written to them define the realities of the Ershalaim events.

The theme of the truth of the novel about the tragedy of the Erschalaim creates a space for multiple parallels between the master and Yeshua. Just like Yeshua, the master becomes a carrier eternal truth, Also, through this service, this truth enters the conflict with the authorities and goes his godfather.

However, unlike Yeshua, the master lacks spiritual forces to withstand heavy tests. Temporary refusal of creativity means for the hero. Refusal of life: he finds shelter in a psychiatric hospital and believes in his own madness. For this reason, after the death of the master of his soul, who experienced the tragic breakdown, does not fall into the "kingdom of light", but in the "kingdom of rest."

The final of the novel, in which the master and Margarita find peace only in death, emphasizes the idea of \u200b\u200bthe fatal dooms of carriers eternal values In totalitarian society.

In general, it should be noted that by the end of the novel, the trend that takes the harmonious junction, tragically tangled nodes in the fate of some characters of each of the three worlds.

It is hardly the most important manifestation of this trend is observed in the world of Ershalaim, when his painful car is removed from Pilate. This final event has a comprehensive value. It is also important that he frees the Pilate from his torment not wave and not Yeshua, but the master itself, as the creator artistic image the procurator, as the Creator, who claimed the highest value of the moral law in his novel, in the end, as a person who is own Life He learned the bitter fruits of the renunciation of truth, and to some extent he experiences the sin of Pilate, as his own ... Thus, the plot of the novel "Master and Margarita" moves from the Moral Court and Possy, to the ideas of forgiveness, illustrating, ancient wisdom, according to which mercy It is above justice.

• Erschalaim chapters in the novel "Master and Margarita"
• "Master and Margarita" - features of the genre and structures of the novel
• Satyric image of Soviet Moscow 30s in the novel "Master and Margarita"

In his immortal novel, "Master and Margarita" Bulgakov raised the eternal questions of various character. So, for example, he considers the problem of true and imaginary values \u200b\u200bin a person's life. According to Bulgakov, one of the most important values \u200b\u200bin this world is true art, true creativity. At the very beginning of the novel, the writer introduces us with two heroes - representatives of the "writing brachia." One of them is the Chairman of the Board of the largest Moscow Literary Association, the other - the poet, published in this magazine. The author clearly shows us the narrowness, stupidity, limited Berlioz. For him, talent is measured by devotion to the word of the party. About true art Berlioz has no idea. Young friend of Berlioza - Ivan Homeless - in all of him gives out, but he has a chance to rethink his views, including his "poetry". That is why homeless falls into the clinic for mentally ill, where his rebirth occurs. For the author of the valuation of the truth of art, especially painful, it is no coincidence that many literary crituals are guessing under the mask of the master of Bulgakov himself. The writer shows us members of the massolist, caring only about stomaching their stomach. They are not the creators, the ideals of these pisak - their own, purely material, well-being. The master is expelled from this environment because he is different. Bulgakov is confident that the artist has no right to be sold, otherwise he will lose his gift. This is the main moral law of this Creator. If the Master is the embodiment of true creativity, then Margarita is the ideal of "true, faithful, eternal love" I believe that in of real love She was (in understanding Bulgakov) really morally, went for his beloved to Satan himself. Football meeting Masters and Margarita was like lightning. The life for which "many women would give anything," seems to be Margarita so empty that one day it comes out with yellow flowersTo find someone loved "long ago." And not a beauty, and "Nobody did not see loneliness in the eyes of" Margarita struck the masters. I must say that in this heroine is embodied author's ideal Love and beauty, Bulgakov painted a truly worthy girlfriend of the Great Artist. The master does not stand the etching and wants to get away from life, hiding in the clinic for mentally ill. But Margarita remains true to him. Her love is able to crush all the obstacles. With the help of her image, Bulgakov revealed the topic of true devotion. So, the master wrote a novel about Pontius Pilate and Yeshua Ga-Nozri. Yeshua at the master is not "divine phenomenon", but just a stray philosopher, carrying the world with his teaching simple, but eternal moral values. Through the biblical line in the Roman Bulgakov continues to argue the topic of true and false values \u200b\u200bin a person's life. So, on the example of the image of Pontius Pilate, the procurator of the Jews, the author covers the question of conscience in the novel. Pilate sees that in front of him there is no guilty person who can carry only good people. The procurator is facing a serious choice - true or false value is true or a career. Frightened to lose my own high position, Inemon sentences Yeshua to terrible death penalty. The melted for cowardice for the procurator was the immortality and eternal flour of conscience. It is important that in the "real" Moscow on the 20s of the 20th century - the Bulgakov observes only people who mastered the vices. Stepa Lyarkheev, Varenuha, Roman, George Bengali - they all forgot about morality, about ordinary human values. Corress, Mzduchi, lust, drunkenness and gluttony - all this, as Bulgakov shows, typical traits Muscovites began the 20th century. And it is for them that they bear the punishment - each one, but terrible. Thus, in its ingenious novel M. A. Bulgakov raised great amount Eternal topics and questions. So, among others, in their work the writer affects the problem of true and false values. He claims that the eternal are moral - biblical - installations. Only they are able to preserve the soul of man immortal.

"You have done, to you will come back."

Winston Churchill

Our actions pass the red thread through our entire lives, thereby defining its quality. What are our actions based on what is the foundation? The answer is very simple: the foundation of any act is our internal qualities, they are the values \u200b\u200bof our life. When we commit this or that action, we, first of all, should contact our inner world, rely on their internal values.

The true values \u200b\u200bof our life are not material benefits. Not a car, apartment, clothes, jewels and many other things. Although for some reason we often appreciate these things more than people. At the same time, it is absolutely native to a person, a colleague for work or just passerby. We forget that respecting others - respect yourself. I do not deny anything that the apartment, the car and other attributes are essential and important, but I ask you to understand that they are not our true values. We often apply hostile to other people, while we have ordinary things in the rank of deities and worship them. It seems to me that we all confused a little in this life, making external benefits more important internal qualities. Please remember when you last time Helped people who exist next to you that surround you? How often do you make good actions and show respect for others?

Sometimes it is very useful to answer your questions that concern your inner world. The answer to them can help form the inner rod, to work out true principles, for which you can always rely on, whatever life situation did not happen.

One of these supports can be our internal values \u200b\u200bthat will help us navigate in this life. Under the internal values, I mean the quality we guide, taking this or that decision. These qualities are the following character: nobility, virtue, respect, responsibility, honesty, friendliness, mutual understanding and much more that you are able to find in the depths of your heart.

Of course, these qualities may only have positive value And in no case can not be negative. Why can they not be negative? Are the bad acts committed by us can make our life better, harmonious, happier, are they really helping other people? there is famous proverb "" It's not a swarm of another pit, you will find it in it "or" what we sleep, then you will get enough. "

And this is true, rather even the law that life itself came up with. It's extremely unreasonable to go against the laws of life. After all, if you jump from the roof, the law of attraction will certainly make his work, of course, if you are not from the movie "Matrix". By the way, neo is the personification of true internal values, the stronghold of good and nobility. He saves the world from oblivion, trying to open people the truth of life.

Sometimes the rescue of the world implies the destruction that is a struggle with something dark inside us. Also, we can shed light to the ignorance, the darkness that are trying to root in us in all our creatures. We can break our old patterns of behaviors that lead to the destruction of themselves, relationships with people relatives, and the whole world as a whole. We can create new principles, the beacon for which will be true values.

How can true values \u200b\u200bbe identified? Imagine that there are many roles that you play in your life. These roles are manifested in different areas Life, for example: family, friends, work, hobby, society as a whole. Now let's look at some of these roles.

Let's start with the family, closest and valuable for us. You can be: Father, Mother, Son, Daughter, Sister, Brother, etc. We will analyze the example of the father / mother. Now imagine, but better write down, what father / mother would you like to be. What qualities would you like to show in relation to your children? Would you like to be sensitive to them, give love and care, bring them up in the setting of respect and mutual understanding, loyalty and honesty? After you write down quality data, try to post them real life. Does your behavior and action correspond to the qualities that you would like to possess? If not, think why, and how you can change it.

The next role I would like to consider is the role we play at work. Suppose you are a swimming coach and teach children to swim. In addition to the fact that you teach kids to swim, you are also an example for them and a guideline. Training takes place not only on water, but also in the heads of children, you teach them moral principles. And how you behave during classes, then, on the basis of which principles you act and what values \u200b\u200brely on, forms, first, your behavior, and secondly, the behavior of the child, which he can take over from you.

It follows from this that our internal values, in whatever roles we did not arrive, should be formed in one way. And this key should open only those doors for which our positive qualities are located.

Treat other children as you feel about your child. Watch your behavior, both in the family and in all spheres of life, and always remember about true values.

We have the opportunity to go through all the roles of our life and see the qualities that we know about, but for some reason we do not apply them as a reference point, we do not use them as a foundation. Our internal values \u200b\u200bare like bright light The lighthouse, which covers our way, helps us go to the right way and not get lost in the Puchinity of Passion, which like fog will enhance us and our lives.

True values \u200b\u200bshould be the basis of our personality, should serve us as a reference point and lead in the right direction, permeating our entire path. I hope that the values \u200b\u200bwill be virtue and order, love and compassion, nobility and respect. And, of course, I hope that all of them will light your life, the life of your family and all people on our planet.

Lesson Topic: Values \u200b\u200bTrue and False

· Promoting learning students with the concepts of spiritual and material values, wealth and charity;

· Facilitate the development of the skills to distinguish spiritual values \u200b\u200bfrom material;

· Help the children to realize, feel the true values \u200b\u200bin the life of a person, to educate interest in the study of the subject "Orthodox culture".

Type and view of the lesson:

Lesson studying new educational material, logbook.

Supporting: God's commandments, the Gospel, Parable.

New: Words - "Mustimity", "Charity", "Linking", "Physics"

Methods of action:

Supporting: verbal and visual methods Learning

New: Partially search method.

Didactic materials and equipment:

UMK "Orthodox culture", computer, cards for self-analysis of students

During the classes:

I. Organizational moment

Greeting.

Good afternoon, dear guys; We begin our lesson of Orthodox culture. Today we have guests with you, and a lot of people are waiting ahead interesting workwhich I really hope will be successful and fruitful.

II. Reiteration

We start a lesson from repeating. (Slide 1)

Who were these lines written?

Per minute of life difficult

Persay in heart sadness:

One prayer is wonderful

I am very angry.

There is a power of grace

In the consonant words of living,

And breathes incomprehensible

Holy Charm in them.

From the soul as a burden rolling,

Doubt far -

And believe and crying

And so easy, easy ...

W.What mood is transmitted in the final part of the poem? What is she?

D.She is about enlightenment, about joy, about the peace, which comes in the soul of man after communicating with God.

W.And what is this music, against the background of which poems sounded?

D. This is the romance of "prayer".

W.. How many composers put this poem to their music?

D. It is very lyrically, so more than 40 composers put it on music

W.. - What is prayer in your understanding?

In what cases does a person turn to God with a prayer?

(in joy, in sadness, illness, when it is difficult or not known as we do ...)

In what a tale of the heroine, being in hard situation Appeals to God with the prayer "Father Our"? ("The Snow Queen")

Before you famous work Russian artist intends to ...

What historical event depicted on this web?

What do you think, why russian army Won Mongolian?

What is a blessing?

(skeleton with a cross, icon, word prayer)

Who can give a blessing?

(priest, parents)

Prince Dmitry with his army committed ratish featAnd what was the feat of Sergius Radonezh? (prayer, spiritual feat)

In which evangelical parable, Jesus Christ showed a sample of true prayer?

(Parable about Pharisees and Mytar)

Why was Mytar's prayer was more pleased with God than Prayer Pharisai?

W. With different requests, people appeal to God. Let me read some of them written by your peers:

· I want to be rich, but do nothing, just getting money.

· I want to give me a pocket money to old age.

· I want to become a superman, only to do not have to train, do in the morning charging. This is all I hear from my father every day.

What is common in all these requests? Yes, become rich, but do not make the slightest effort.

The following requests:

· I want to make a lot of money to cure my little sister.

· I would like to have your profitable business.

· Get \u200b\u200bon such work, where it would be paid a lot to feed poor people.

What is common with these wishes?

Topics message.

Open the working sheets. Write down the number. Read the topic lesson.

"Values \u200b\u200bare true and false." What do you understand in the word value?

Value- what has great importance For man and society as a whole.

In the read requests of children you saw miscellaneous attitude Guys to wealth.

And if you had a lot of money to do you with them? How would you spend them?

I will write the result in Table No. 1.

III. Work on new material

In the working sheets you need listed words to distribute in the table into two groups. In one group, everything that belongs to material values \u200b\u200bto another to the spiritual. Be careful!

Today, the word rich, wealth sounded many times at the lesson. And how do you understand the meaning of these words?

In the word wealth - main part Words God.

What says Holy Bible On attitude to wealth? Turn to the gospel.

What does the word Gospel mean?

(good news)

What is the saying about the Gospel?

(about Christ's Earth Life)

How to treat the Gospel?

(reverent - i.e. with the deepest reverence)

Despite the fact that Christ's words were spoken almost 2000 years ago, they are important for a person of any time. Most often, Jesus Christ spoke with his disciples of parables.

What is the parable?

(A brief instructive allegorical story)

Let's listen to the parable about unreasonable richer (Lux 12: 15-21)

(Slide with sound file).

One rich man had a good harvest in the field; Ion reasoned himself with himself: "What should I do? Nowhere to collect my fruits. " And he said: "That's what I will do: I will break my female and build big, and I will collect all my bread and all good, and I will say my soul: soul! A lot of good lies with you for many years: peace, eat, drink, have fun. " But God told him: "Mad! In this night, your soul will take you; Who will get what you did? "

What do you think, what qualities are characteristic of rich?

Who collected the treasures of the rich?

And how should the rich go to please god?

About such people they say that they have developed mosshematism is love for multiplication, luxury and whim.(Slide).

About such people as this rich is well said in the spiritual alphabet of Dimitri Rostovsky. But to find out, it is necessary to read the text in church-Slavic language.

"Oh, a mad little man, docoule carbon, who is a bee, collect your wealth? Soon Bo would die, Jaco ash and ash: But more than the responsibilities of the kingdom of God. "

reference: "Uglongs" - to get sink, sink

Absolutely ordered his wealth Rev. Samson Stranglests. After the death of the parents, he inherited great wealth, all former slaves he let go with the provision of all. Settled in Konstantinople, built a house in which he received beggars, patients and wanderers. He treated patients, fed and dressed up, gave shelter wanders. Patriarch Constantinople committed the sacrament of the priesthood, and Samson became a priest.

Once it happened to Emperor Justinianan. When all attempts of skillful doctors were not crowned with success, the emperor appealed to Samson's priest, who successfully cured him. The emperor wanted to reward the healer, for which Samson answered him that he was not necessary for riches. And if the emperor wants, they can build a house for patients and poor. "This is pleased with God and please me." The house was built and with him the hospital. So the priest Samson set up the emperor to a charitable thing.

What do you think so charity?

Charity – manifestation of compassion to neighbor and rendering

gratuitous aid to the poor.

In Russia, there were always benefactors and we will learn about some of them today.

Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov - created famous Museum « Tretyakov Gallery." The museum is located in Moscow. He is loved to visit and adults and children. Pavel Tretyakov began collecting his painting collection in the middle of the 1850s. In August 1892, Pavel Mikhailovich passed his art gallery Under the city of Moscow. In the meeting, by this time there were 1800 works of Russian school, 75 paintings european school, 15 sculptures and collection of icons. On August 15, 1893, the official opening of the museum entitled

"The Moscow City Tretyakov Gallery ».

1.

Nesterov M. B.

four. "

5.

Mammoth –

Russian entrepreneur and benefactor. Born in a merchant family, was a fourth child. The family of Mammoth lived richly when Savva turned 8 years old, they move to Moscow, where Savva's father is engaged in the construction of railways.

continues the case started by the Father. The name of the Russian industrialist is closely related to the history of the Northern Railway. On the own funds He built railway to Yaroslavl, Vologda and Arkhangelsk.

In each city there were also their benefactors who invest money in the construction of temples, schools, hospitals, shelters.

And in ours modern life There are also benefactors too. For example, thanks to one of them - Mishoustina Yuri Nikolayevich Director, we are with you guys have such an excellent opportunity - to study orthodox culture, using a computer and new educational literature.

IN modern language The word benefactors sounds less often and less often, and the word sponsor sounds more often.

What do you think is equivalent to the words "benefactor" and "sponsor"?

Do I need to be prior russian word Replace to cold, foreign word?

Summarizing:

So, today at the lesson, we talked about the values \u200b\u200bof the true and false. What makes a person for a real happy?

And the goal of human life is not in enrichment: "Do not collect treasures on earth, but collect the treasures in the sky, where neither mole does not exterminate and where the thieves do not steal, because where is your treasure, there will be your heart."

"Treasures in the sky" is good that a man did, but God eternally remembers. Such treasure can not be stealing. You can steal money or phone. But you made a good deed to you forever will remain yours.

2. Evaluation of work in the lesson.

Several people appreciate their work.

What new did I find out about the lesson? What did you learn?

V. Reflexia

If you were interested in the lesson, if what we talked about, touched your soul, raise the sun. And if you didn't like the lesson, it seemed boring, left indifferent, then lift truch.

You worked well in the lesson. Well done! Thank you for work!

And now we will make a small virtual excursion in Tretyakovskaya state gallery. And our guide will be Ksenia.

IN exhibition Hall You can see the world famous canvas of Russian artists:

1. "Old Testament Trinity." Andrei Rublev.

Andrei Rubleva's greatest creation was the "Trinity" icon, written for the Church of the Monastery near Moscow near Moscow. At that time, in the 20s of the 15th century, unprecedented disasters collapsed on the central destroy - the cooking mor and hunger. And again, life seemed to people unbearable and gloomy. And in the Trinity Temple there was an icon of Rublev, which was unearthly rest. The great icon painter created an image of an inseparable celestial union, full of silent meekness and dedication.

2. "Vision of the Pattern of Bartholomew". Nesterov M. B.

"Vision Patterns Bartholomew" - most famous work artist. It was the episode from the lives of Rev. Sergius Radonezh. Powers of Bartholomew (Future Sergius) lost foals in the forest. After going to search, he wandered into a deserted place, and met an unfamiliar elder -Currency. He gave the pattern a piece of prosphora and, together with him, craving for
teaching and enlightenment. This canvas opened the so-called
"Sergievsky cycle", which still entered the "Youth of Rev. Sergius",
"Proceedings Sergius Radonezh", " Rev. Sergiy. Radonezh ".

3. "". Orest Adamovich Kiprensky

The artist in 1827 creates one of the best portraits. This is the image of a mature man, the poet already survived the Decembrist uprising. He seems to think about their fate, about himself, about Russia. Cyprosen in Russian art paid a lot of attention to a self-portrait, trying to convey the state of the human soul.

four. "Bogati ". Victor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov.

This is the most famous picture artist. He was the first artist who reflected in painting with such a fine force poetic world Russian folklore - the world of heroic events, magic fairy tales, legends and gently stored legends. What is the name of the warriors? In the center - the oldest and most powerful - Ilya Muromets, sitting right hand - Dobrynya Nikitich, and on the left of Alyosha Popovich. Carefully look at their faces. War did not impose a hint of rapidity of cruelty on their faces. Not. Why? What kind of war do they lead? Bogatyri perform the holy cause of the protection of the Motherland, their faces are strict and spiritualized by this high idea.

5. "Christ in the desert." Ivan Nikolayevich Kramskaya.

Your attention is presented two pictures of "Dostoevsky" Vasily Grigorievich Perova and "Christ in the desert" Ivan Nikolayevich Kramsky. Pay attention to almost literal similarity different characters. But Kramskaya, who created his picture, regardless of the perovsk portrait, did not accidentally come to a similar result: his Christ - and the divine character, and the image of a person of any era that makes a choice between good break.

Samson Staineries

Absolutely ordered his wealth Rev. Samson Stranglests. After the death of the parents, he inherited great wealth, all former slaves he let go with the provision of all. Settled in Konstantinople, built a house in which he received beggars, patients and wanderers. He treated patients, fed and dressed up, gave shelter wanders. Patriarch Constantinople committed the sacrament of the priesthood, and Samson became a priest.

Once it happened to Emperor Justinianan. When all attempts of skillful doctors were not crowned with success, the emperor appealed to Samson's priest, who successfully cured him. The emperor wanted to reward the healer, for which Samson answered him that he was not necessary for riches. And if the emperor wants, they can build a house for patients and poor. "This is pleased with God and please me." The house was built and with him the hospital.

Analysis of imaginary I. true values In the novel "Master and Margarita".

M. A. Bulgakov in the novel "Master and Margarita" puts his heroes before eternal problems Being, forcing it to reflect on the meaning and purpose of existence, about true and imaginary values, about the laws of life development.

And what is true and imaginary values. True values \u200b\u200bare what is always important, everywhere and under any conditions. They are the same for all people.

True creativity

Honesty

Freedom of personality

Imaginary values \u200b\u200b- this is an attempt to replace the main and single goal man goal auxiliary. Their implementation carries an evil and misfortune to other people.

« housing problem»

Thirst for personal gain

Betrayal

Death and time reign on earth, -

You do not call them lords;

Everything, circling, disappears in the MGL,

Empty only the sun of love.

Love ... It is she who gives the novel mystery and uniqueness. It is capable of changing a lot, to confront various difficulties. It was Margarita that opens the themes of faith, creativity, love - all of what the true life grows out. Love, I moved Margarita, through all obstacles she passed for the Master. I suffered deadly flour on the ball, not being confident that her desire would come true. And the fact that she sold the soul to the devil, once again proves the power of her love for the master. Remuneration: Master and Margarita acquire eternal happiness and eternal peace.

True creativity :. At the very beginning of the novel, the author introduces us with two writers: With Berlioz, he is the leader of the massolist, and with the homeless, the poet in the same massate from the dialogue it is seen that the work of these writers is one-sided and is false.

Punishment: Ivan Homeless falls into a psychiatric hospital. However, he is aware of the uselessness of his lolly and promises to write anything else anything else.

Money. In the novel, this imaginary value touched upon two worlds - the ancient Yerschalaimsky and modern. Equal to the money remained only wave with his retinue. Judas, who betrayed his friend for 30 silver, residents of Moscow, who eagerly caught money falling from the ceiling in Varieta, Baron Maygel - they all "served" this imaginary value.

Punishment: Judas and Baron Maigel were killed, and Moscow residents received good lesson For their passion for money, when their bills turned into simple pieces and clothes melted in front of her eyes. The punishment even barefot, who did not resist the opportunity to get light money.

Freedom of personality. Recall the Moscow Association of Writers. Her leaders created a huge number of useless clubs and circles, in order to completely take all the participants. And the ability and talents of people did not have any meaning. In other words, a person was obliged to perform various rulings, and anything could not go about anything here.

Punishment: Sweet Voland makes all these managers sing without stopping to show what it is, doing something against his will, without desire and abilities.

Outcome: Bulgakov wanted to convey to us readers that there are many false values \u200b\u200bin the world and only strong personality can resist their oppression. Person can not be happy if a large number of Time spends on imaginary values, because they make his life empty.