Rubens famous paintings. Baroque painting style in Rubens

Peter Paul Rubens is rightfully considered one of the greatest flemish artists 17th century. His paintings are stored in best galleries The world, and many painting work visually known even to those who have never heard his name. Self famous paintings Rubens and descriptions are presented later in this article.

Brief biography artist

Peter Paul Rubens was born on June 28, 1577 in Siegen (Germany), in wealthy and famous family Craftsmen and merchants. When the future artist was 8 years old, Rubens moved to Cologne (Germany), where the young man studied the humanitarian sciences first in the Jesuit school, and then in rich secular, studied greek language and showed the ability of phenomenal memory. At the age of 13, thanks to family relations, Peter Paul was arranged for a page to the Belgian Countess de Lalen. But to be courtly young man did not want, and after a year he began to study painting. His first famous mentor was an artist Otto Van Veen.

At the beginning of the 1600s, the novice artist traveled through Italy and Spain, where he was very inspired by the school of old masters. Rubens paintings with the names "Self-portrait in the circle of Veronica friends", "Position in the coffin", "Hercules and Omfal", "Heraclit and Democritus" were written precisely during this period. They were made many copies from famous pictures of Italian and spanish artists, for example, Raphael and Titian.

After a trip, which lasted more than 8 years, Peter Paul Rubens arrived in the Belgian city of Antwerp, and already in 1610, in Brussels, received the title of court painter from Duke Albrecht. The many paintings of Rubens with names containing the names of the Duke itself and his wife Isabella Clara Evgenia, appeared at that time, since the ruling couple did not want to part with the artist - their influence very much contributed creative success and recognition of Rubens. But he still did not want to stay in Brussels, returned to Antwerp and married Isabelle Brand, who became his favorite model and mother of three children. In 1611, the artist acquired a huge house-workshop for himself and family, and from that moment the fruitful period of his work began. Nothing constrained the artist - he was provided with money and time, and also got enough skills for free creativity.

During all this time artwork Peter Paul Rubens wrote more than 3000 paintings, many of them had an impact on the work of subsequent generations of artists. He was not an innovator, but honed the classic flemish style Prior to an incredible level of liveliness and beauty.

In the 20s of the 17th century, Rubens mastered the diplomatic career. This was contributed to the fruitful work at the court now the artist regularly visited England and France on political issues.

In 1626, the 34-year-old wife of Rubens died from the plague. After that shock, he left painting for a while and deepened in political and diplomatic activities. Now his missions spread to Denmark and Spain, but the complex political situation and the expulsion of the Medici were disliked Rubens from other diplomats, once they said directly that "do not need artists." He still tried to tie political ties, but finally left this sphere in 1635.

But in the midst of diplomatic activity, in 1630, the artist again seriously took up the brushes and decided to marry a 16-year-old merchant daughter Elena Furmen to marry chosen 53-year-old Rubens. From that moment on, she became the main model and inspirational of the artist, he wrote a lot of portraits from her, and also used for the image of mythical and biblical heroines. Elena gave birth to Rubens of five children, but he had a chance to live with her only ten years. The artist died from gout on May 30, 1640.

Self-portrait

Portraits of Peter Paul Rubens, who he wrote himself, exceed the number of self-portraits of any of the artists to him. Yes, and after comparing with him only Rembrandt could. Rubens loved both classic self-portraits, and empowering some hero scene painting. The first such work was "Self-portrait in the circle of Verona Friends", written in 1606 in Italy. Interestingly, the author's face on the canvas differs from his friends - he seemed to be highlighted by an invisible source and the only one looks straight on the viewer.

And the most famous self-portrait can be considered written in 1623 - almost no biography of Rubens do without this picture, the reproduction of which is presented above. Another famous portrait - "Four philosophers" of 1611, it will be described in more detail below. The last self-portrait of the artist was the picture, written a year before his death, in 1639. Its fragment is presented in the subtitle " short biography Artist ". And here are some more paintings in which the portrait of the author appears:

• "Self-portrait" (1618th).
• "Self-portrait with the son of Albert" (1620th).
• "Self-portrait" (1628 year).
• "Garden of Love" (1630th).
• "Self-portrait with Elena Furman" (1631).
• "Rubens, his wife Elena Furman and their son" (end of the 1630s).

"Scary Court"

Under the name "Scary Court", Rubens have two paintings, and both are in the Munich Gallery "Old Pinakotek". The first of them, the fragment of which was presented above, was written in 1617. It is made by oil on a wooden panel with a size of 606 per 460 cm, so the second picture whose size is 183 to 119 cm, often referred to as "small A terrible court". Most The canvas occupy simple mortals, literally scattered in different directions by the force of Christ incurred to them. Some of them are dressed, some are naked, but on all the faces horror and despair, and someone will drag demonic creatures at all. God in the form of Jesus Christ is depicted at the very top of the paintings in the center, the light comes from him, instead of clothes - a bright red canvas, and for his backs - not the saints, not the dead, who have already come to paradise. On the sides of Jesus, Virgin Mary and Moses are allocated with saints in their hands.

In the second picture, which Rubens wrote in 1620, one can see that the continuation or variation of the first canvas. Despite the smaller size, the cloth is more elongated, God is again at the very top, but now the image of hell appeared. The sinners roll in the abyss, where they are met by joyful devils, and the angels with pipes do not allow people to climb up, defending against them shields.

Altar Triptychi

For Rubens, altar works became one of the main species. artistic activities In the period from 1610 to the 1620th. The altar they are called because the artist wrote them mainly to decorate the church, and some at all right in the church in order to catch the right drop in light in the place where the cloth will be located. During this time, Rubens was created by seven paintings with a crucifix, five - demonstrating the moment of removal from the cross and three with its exaltation, as well as many other images of Christ, Saints and biblical plots. But the most famous among them are Triptychs, who are in the Cathedral of the Antwerp of Our Lady. Triptych "Exaltation of the Cross of the Lord", whose fragment can be seen on the main photo of this article, the artist created in 1610 for the altar of the ancient Church of St. Voluburg, and in his current place the paintings hit in 1816. Triptych "Removing from the Cross" (can be seen above) was already created specifically for the cathedral in which it is to this day, from 1612 to 1614. Many call this monumental canvas most bEST WORK Rubens, as well as one of best pictures Baroque era at all.

"Union of Earth and Water"

The picture of Rubens "Union of Earth and Water", written in 1618, is located in the State Hermitage (St. Petersburg). The canvas depicting the goddess of the land of Kibel, the nautical gods of Neptune and Triton, as well as the goddess Victoria, has several meanings at once. Neptune and Kibel enclose the union, gently holding hands and looking at each other, Victoria crowns, and the son of Neptune Triton, rising from sea \u200b\u200bdepth, Cutting in the sink. First of all, the plot personifies the divine relationship of female and male startedSo for the artist a full nude woman has always been a symbol of the earth, fertile, natural. But personally for Rubens "Union of Earth and Water" was also a hint of the difficult position of Flemis, devoid of access to the sea during the Dutch blockade. The same simple interpretation You can consider the mythological unity of two elements leading to world harmony. Since the canvas, being in the Hermitage, was considered the property, in 1977 in the USSR were released stamps With this picture.

"Three Graces"

Another of the most famous artist's paintings was written in the last year of his life - 1639th. The cloth with the elegant name "Three Graces" is kept in the Spanish Prado Museum. On it in the favorite manner of the artist in some paradise kushchushi Three nude are depicted full womenEminent Ancient Roman graces - goddesses of fun and joy. IN Ancient Greece These goddesses were called Harita. They smoothly circle in dance, hugging and looking at each other, apparently, in a pleasant conversation. Despite the same figures, the image of which Rubens always included exclusively smooth, rounded lines without a single angle, he made a distinction between women in hair color. Light blonde stands in a bright part of the landscape on the background of the sky, brown, chance, on the contrary, is depicted against the background of trees, and between them, at the turn of light and darkness, the red-haired goddess was harmoniously.

"Two satire"

The picture of Rubens "Two Satira" continues the theme of mythological creatures. It was written in 1619 and is currently also in the Munich "Old Pinakotek". Unlike the majority of the artist's monumental work, this canvas possesses a relatively small format - only 76 x 66 cm. In ancient Greek mythology Satiram called Dionysus satellites - god winemaking, cheerful forest demons with goat legs and horns. It is known that satire was not too lazy to make only two things - to discord with nymphs and drinking wine. Rubens depicted two opposite types of satiries - the one that is in the background, clearly more prefers alcohol. His drunken face and flowing around the charm surplus testify to it. In the forefront, the creature is clearly depicted - a lustful look and a smirk literally pierce the viewer, and a slightly compressed bunch of grapes will be embarrassed even the very sophisticated viewer.

"Perseus frees Andromed"

Above you can see fragments of three paintings. The first belongs to the brush Lambert Sustrais - "Perseus frees Andromeda." It was written in the middle of the 16th century. It was this work that inspired Rubens to create its first canvas with the same name in 1620. Changing a somewhat flat medieval Maneru of Sustrais, the artist practically literally reproduced the poses of the heroes and the general mythological plot (second fragment). This picture stored in Picture gallery Berlin.

Two years later, Rubens again appealed to the plot about Persee and Andromeda and wrote another picture with the same name (third fragment). Despite a small difference, here are already more revealed characteristic style The artist - the goddess of Victory Nickname again wanders the heads of the characters, and the little amrants flute around. Despite the fact that Perseus is an ancient Greek hero, he is closed in a suit of the Roman warrior. Like the "Union of Earth and Water", this picture belongs to the congregation State Hermitage.

"Venus in front of the mirror"

In his picture of 1615, "Venus in front of the mirror" Rubens is to some extent repeats the plot, created earlier by Titian, in which a semi-nailed Venus looks in a mirror held by Cupid. However, a black maid, present next to Venus, the black maid allows you to think that his Venus is not a goddess at all, and the earthly woman, prone to divine prubing. According to her custom, the artist again depicted a magnifted white woman without clothes, but with gold ornaments and a thin, translucent web at the feet. The servant whether it combbles, or simply moves the beautiful golden hair of his Mrs.. Currently, the canvas is stored in vienna Museum Collections of Liechtensteins.

"Four philosophers"

In the 1611 film "Four Philosophers" Rubens, in addition to himself, portrayed the favorite brother Philip, a scientist of the philosopher of Yusta Lipsia and his student Yana Vinga, depicted this year. Also on the canvas hit the Pug - the loved dog Lipsius, who kept her head on his knees. There is no special storyline in the picture in the picture: like "Self-portrait with Verona Friends", written about the death of Lipsy in 1606, the picture is a dedication to the close people of Rubens and the time he managed to spend next to them. You can see the canvas in the Florentine Palazzo Pitty.

"Lviv Hunt"

From 1610 to 1620, the artist was fascinated by writing hunting plots. Having achieved great mastery in the image human bodyHe wanted to connect it with only a large animal demonstration with a demonstration. One of the most famous canvases Rubens - "Hunt for Lviv", written in 1621. The confrontation of human weapons and the forces of wild animals is brightly shown in the grasses of the opposition of two muscular lions of seven hunters, half of which attack horse riding. One of the Lviv is ready to confuse the defeated land of the hunter with a dagger, another teeth pulled a hunter with a horse, clinging to the claws into the body of the animal. Despite the fact that this lion is tolting at once with three spears, he is angry and does not retreat, and only the sword of one of the hunters gives hope to defeat the angry beast. One of the hunters is unconscious with a knife clamped in hand. Especially interesting in this picture is the fact of the joint hunt of the Eastern and European Characters - it becomes clear from their clothes and weapons. Currently, the picture is stored in the Munich "Old Pinakotek".

Portraits of beloved

A rather large assembly is the pictures of Rubens with the names containing the name of his first wife Isabella Brand. As a rule, this is either her personal portraits, or joint self-portraits of the couple. On the collection of reproductions above can be seen:

• "Portrait of Lady Isabella Brand" (end of the 1620s).
• "Portrait of Isabella Brand" (1610).
• "Portrait of Isabella Brand" (1625).
• "Self-portrait with Isabella Brand" (1610).

The last picture is considered one of the best in portrait painting artist. He and his young spouse are incredibly depicted, as if on the photo - it is difficult to believe that the heroes are not captivated. One of the most beautiful details this web You can call the hands of lovers and their tender contact, transmitting love and interaction is better than if the heroes just looked at each other. Currently, the canvas is also kept in the Munich "Old Pinakotek".

Portraits of Elena Furmen, which can be seen above, became the main story of Rubens painting in last years His life. Presented fragments of the following cloths:

• "Elena Furmen and Frans Rubens" (1639).
• "Portrait of Elena Furmen" (1632th).
• "Shub" (1638).
• "Elena Furmen in wedding dress"(1631th).
• "Portrait of Elena Furmen, the second wife of the artist" (1630).
• "Rubens with his wife Elena Furman and their son" (1638).

But most famous portrait Elena Furman brushes her husband is considered written in the 1630th year, the reproduction of which is presented above. On it, a 16-year-old young wife is depicted in a magnificent outdoor dress, a beautiful velvet hat in Dutch style and with two tender flowers Roses pressed to the stomach. It is believed that during this period the second spouse of Rubens was already pregnant, and this is precisely this personifies flowers from the abdomen. The canvas is located in the Hague royal art gallery Mauritshais.

Rubens artistic legacy is unbesting. Hundreds and hundreds of works are mythological and religious compositions, portraits, landscapes, small sketches and huge decorative canvases, drawings and architectural projects - all this would not have enough for one human biography.

Peter Paul Rubens, path in painting

The work of the Flemish Master seems to be a grand book telling about the beauty of a person, the power of the power and the greatness of nature. The art of Rubens is a song of health and joy.

The great painter was born on a foreign land, in the German city of Siegen, where his parents emigrated, fleeing from the terror of Spanish enslavers. When after the death of the Father in 1587 future artist Together with the mother moved to Antwerp, he found this rich city in complete launch. Flanders, the remaining, unlike Holland, near Spanish dominion, slowly restored his strength. The dependent position of the country contributed to the stormy raising of the national identity. But in the years of the teachings of Rubens, Flemish art also just sought to find the soil under their feet.

The twenty-five-year-old artist commits a decisive step - he is going to Italy for a long time, Leonardo, Rafael, Michelangelo, Titian, Caravaggio are becoming his real teachers, he studies their work, copies the paintings, makes sketches of sculptures, since that time the secular career of Rubens begins. We see him at the courtyard of the Duke Mantu, then in Rome. In 1603, he commits the first trip to Spain.

Returning in 1608 to his homeland, Rubens quickly occupies a leading position in artistic life countries. His authority is continued. In the workshop of Rubens (where the training, in particular, Yordan and Van Deken) are made hundreds of huge canvas on the order of the yard, nobility and churches. But Rubens is still time and in order to fulfill the diplomatic orders of Spanish governors: Rides in Holland, France, England. In Spain in 1628, he meets young Velasquez.

Place in history

Rubens spent a lot of energy for the establishment of peace between constantly hostile European powers. Frustrated, he was forced and the end to part with a political footprint. But it gave the artist knowledge of people and their weaknesses; Rubens "hated yards."

The modern viewer may, perhaps, to crawl the pompous canvases of Rubens dedicated to the exaltation of the sovereigns. Etienne Fromanten, the author of the book "Old Masters", liked their solemn ODE - it was they who took particular fame during the artist. But for us, the most valuable part of Rubensovsky heritage is the paintings written by him personally, without the participation of the workshop. Art lovers in our country know the work of Rubens in our country: the Hermitage has a rich drawing collection and one of the best collections in the world, which has more than forty paintings. Here, in hermitage halls, you can admire vital energy The images of the Allegory "Union of Earth and Water", feel the dramatic expression of the scene "Pier at Simon Farisay", enjoy the soundness of the colorful palette of the paintings of Perseus and Andromeda and the emotional Rubens scenery.

It is worth a mansion - not only in the Hermitage Assembly, but also in the work of the artist in general - his small "portrait of the Camericians", one of the greatest masterpieces of world portrait painting. There is no shadow of the affectation in it, everything breathes clear harmony, the colorful system is restrained and noble.

Sooner or later, anyone who is a bit for art will find their way to Rubens. And then, according to Fromanten, in front of him, "a spectacle will appear truly amazing, giving the highest idea of \u200b\u200bhuman abilities."

Rubens (Ruubens) Peter Powel (1577-1640), Flemish painter.

Born on June 28, 1577 in Siegen (Germany) in the family of a lawyer - an emigrant from Flanders. In 1579, the family moved to Cologne; There was a childhood of Rubens.

After the death of the Father in 1587, the mother with children moved to Antwerp. Rubens studied at the School of Rhobut Verdonka, then it was determined in a fragment for the Countess Margarita de Lin. At the same time, Peter Pawell took drawing lessons from Tobias Verchaht artists, Adam Van Norta and Otto Van Veen.

When Rubens turned 21 years old, he was taken by the master in the Holy Luke Guild - the Antwerp Association of Artists and Artists. At this time, Rubens participates in the design of the residence of new rulers of the Netherlands - Ersgertzoga Alberta and Ertzgerini Isabella.

In May 1600, the artist went to Italy, where he entered the service for the Duke of Mantuan Vincenzo Gonzag. In March 1603, the duke sent him with the embassy to Spain. Rubens Vis Spanish royal family gifts, including several paintings italian masters. He enhanced them with her canvas. Rubens's work was honored with high marks in Madrid, and it was in Spain for the first time he became famous as a painter. After returning from the trip, Rubens, eight years traveled in Italy - took advantage of Florence, Genoa, Pisa, Parma, Venice, Milan, lived in Rome for a long time.

In the fall of 1606, the artist received one of the most tempting orders - the painting of the main altar of the Church of Santa Maria in Wallecell.

In 1608, Mother died, and Rubens went home. He received the position of the court painter in Brussels at Infanta Isabella and Ersgertzog Alberta.

In 1609, Rubens was married with 18-year-old Isabella Brandt, the daughter of the secretary of the city regency. The artist bought a mansion on Watter Street, which now carries his name. In honor of the marriage of Rubens wrote a double portrait: They with a young wife, taking each other by hands, sit against the background of a sprawling bush of the honeysuckle. At the same time, the artist creates a huge cloth of "worship of the Magi" for the City Hall in Antwerp.

In 1613, Rubens commissioned Alberta "Ascension of Our Lady" for the Church of Notre Dame de la Chapel in Brussels. An extraordinary success was his painting of the Altar of the Antwerp Cathedral: "Removing from the Cross" (center), "Kara of the Lord" (left), "presentation in the temple" (right) (1611-1614). Rubens brushes belong to the "Hunting for Lviv" canvas, "Battle of Greeks with Amazons" (both 1616-1618); "Perseus and Andromeda", "Abduction of the daughters of Levkippa" (1620-1625); Cycle of paintings "History of Mary Medici" (1622-1625).

IN late creativity Painter Central Place occupies the image of his second wife Elena Furman, which he portrays in mythological and biblical compositions ("Virsavia", about 1635), as well as on portraits ("Shubka", about 1638-1640).

The feeling of cheerfulness and fun is embodied in scenes from people's Life (Kermesa, about 1635-1636). By the 30th. Refers and most the best landscapes Rubens ("Landscape with Rainbow", about 1632-1635).

Peter Paul Rubens - the greatest genius His time. His name is forever fixed in the history of art. Artist S. large letters, as you know, was also wonderful person: beautiful, smart, energetic and confident. The artist who in his life did not doubt his work.

Childhood and youth

Peter Rubens was born on June 28 in 1577 in the German city of Siegen. Although some disputes arise from the date of birth: the biography of the artist is repeatedly rewritten. His family emigrated from Belgium to Germany during the Netherlands started in the Netherlands civil War And terror against Protestants.

The Father of the artist, Jan Rubens, was a city judge in the Belgian Antwerp until 1568. Maria Paipelinks's wife brought up four children. The whole family was in Germany, and at this time there were still three more children. Among them was Peter Rubens.

The first eleven years of childhood painting took place in Cologne. Father continued to work as a lawyer, mother - to educate children. The familiar stability staggered when a prominent and rich head of the family entered into relations with the wife of Wilhelm Orange, Anna.

After that, Jan Rubens deprived property and the right to work by a lawyer, and Mary had to trade vegetables in the market to feed the children. From Cologne Rubens, together with his wife and the offspring, was sent to Siegen in 1573.

In 1587, Jan Rubens died of illness. At the same time, Paipelinks lost several children. Rubens widow adopted Catholicism and returned to his homeland in Antwerp. Children went to Latin school.

At that time, changes took place in the city. It became impossible to continue to engage in trade because of the closed sea trapes. Each of the children of Rubens was to find their place in life. Girls became worst husbands wives. One of the sons, Philip, went in the footsteps of the Father, studying on a lawyer. Senior Jan Baptist professionally engaged in painting.

Painting

In the 16th century, large changes took place in the art of art. Flemish invented paint for drawing, more comfortable and practical. It is based on oil flax. It added brightness to paints and increased drying time. The paintings became deeper, and the work turned into slower pleasure.

Peter Paul from childhood attracted art. From the age of 14, he studied the craft from local artists. The basics of the future painter compiled at the landscapeist Tobias Warhaht, who was associated with him relationship.

The second master in the life of Rubens was another relative: Adam Van North. Peter Paul intended to have a knowledge from the famous artist, not obtained while working with Warhaht. Four years old student worked under Norta supervision. During this time, young Peter penetrates interest in the Flemish atmosphere. Later it affected his work.

In 1595 begins new stage In the work of Peter Rubens. The next teacher becomes Otto Van Veen (at that time one of the most influential artists). He is called the founder of mannerism and the main mentor of Rubens, whose talent acquired new faces during training.

Peter Paul Rubens did not write in the manner of Veane, even though his style and had a great influence on the worldview of the artist. The mentor has become an example of multifaceted and education. In child years, Rubens stretched to knowledge, studied languages \u200b\u200b(owned free six languages) and humanitarian sciences.

Otto's lessons Van Veen Rubens took to 1599, and then in the official status " free artist"In 1600 went to Italy to improve the skill and admire the work of antiquity.

At that time, the painter was 23 years old, but he had already possessed his own handwriting, thanks to which St. Petersburg Rubens was invited to serve at Vincenzo Gonzaga, the ruler of Mantu. Duke was carried away antique art, loved the pictures of the Renaissance. Rubens often wrote copies for him.

Eight years, Peter Paul spent the gonzhag court at the courtyard. It is believed that the service is a successful solution for the artist, since church power That time began to oppose the heresy in the paintings of modern artists.

During the time spent in Italy, a young painter visited Rome, Madrid, Venice, Florence. Performed instructions of a diplomatic nature.

In 1608, Rubens hurriedly returned to Antwerp, learning about the death of the mother. He did not plan to depart back to Italy: the loss seemed so hard that the artist was thinking about leaving the monastery. But Peter could not leave the painting. In addition to numerous orders from rich inhabitants native cityHe received a proposal to work at the court of Ertzgezzog Albert.

In Antwerp, the artist became one of the popular. He tried to manage to fulfill the orders of Ersgertzog, paint the cathedral and writing paintings for hundreds of other residents of the city. In 1618, a masterpiece "Union of Earth and Water" appeared. It is pronounced in it italian artists on the style of painter. It was believed that the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe canvas was the unity of Antwerp and the Shelda River.

The volume of orders has become much larger, and Peter Paul has opened his own workshop. Now he, once a diligent student, shared knowledge with young diving (In history, there were such names like Jajob Jordan, France Sneders). Pupils performed numerous orders of citizens. This eventually became a well-thought-out system, a school of arts.

Meanwhile, in 1620, another work of art appears, the top of the work of Rubens - "Perseus and Andromeda", the plot of which is associated with ancient mythwhich Peter Paul was fascinated.

Closer to 1630 Peter Rubens tired saturated lifestyle. For some time he stayed in solitude, creating another brilliant picture. "Three graces" and "Court of Paris" are the embodiment of their author's nature. Rubens always attracted the beauty and plasticity of the volume female body

"Susanna and Elders" became the classic of Flemish painting. The plot is facing K. Old Testament. Rubens paintings belonging to the cathedrals are related to Sacred Scripture (« Mystery evening", Samson and Dalila), although his work more covers another area of \u200b\u200blife - bright, lush, dramatic. Not all church oriental patterns caused approval. One of these is the "Cross Exaltation". She was considered very contradictory.

"The beating of innocent" personifies the scene from the Bible when Herod extermined the babies, fearing the coming. Biographers write that this work has fallen in love with the author more than anyone else.

Another monument of the Baroque era is a frightening "jellyfish". The reaction of contemporaries on this picture justified the expectations of Peter Rubens. People were frightened by the frankness of the work. The artist was not indifferent to the political affairs of Antwerp.

His work for a long time was associated with politics, including "Medusa", which local residents Registered as a warning sign.

Peter Paul Rubens, thanks to the paintings and diplomatic abilities, managed to achieve peace between Madrid and London. The artist dreamed of affecting the course of war in native countryBut this could not be done. After numerous trips, 50-year-old Rubens Donkey in Antwerp finally.

Personal life

After returning from Italy, Rubens took Izabella Branta, an 18-year-old daughter of the official.

Marriage was based on the calculation, although the young girl was surrounded by the care and attention of Rubens of 17 years. The first wife gave birth to Peter Paul three children. In 1630, she died from a heart attack.

In 50 years, Peter Rubens married again. 16-year-old Elena Furmen - last love Artist, his main muse, mother of five children.

Death

In 1640 Peter Paul Rubens fell ill. Because of the age, the artist could not recover from the disease. Flemish painter died on May 30 near the children and his beloved wife Elena.

Work

• 1610 - "Cross Exaltation"
• 1610 - "Samson and Dalila"
• 1612 - "Beating innocent"
• 1612 - "Beating innocent"
• 1614 - "Removing from the Cross"
• 1616 - "Hummer Hummet and Crocodile"
• 1618 - "Abduction of the Daughters of Levkippa"
• 1626 - "The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary"
• 1629 - "Adam and Eve"
• 1639 - "Court of Paris"