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Secrets of famous pictures

The arts of art often gain special popularity if legends go about them or if they suddenly turn out to be not what seems at first glance. "Culture.RF" reveals the secrets of famous - and not very - Russian paintings.

"Nun" Ilya Repin

Ilya Repin. Nun. 1878. State Tretyakov Gallery / Portrait Under Radiograph

From the portrait on the viewer thoughtfully looks at a young girl in strict monastic clothes. The image is classic and habitual - he probably did not cause art historians of interest, if not the memoirs of Lyudmila Shevtsova-dispute - Rinep's nieces. They showed a curious story.

This did not prevent the artist repeatedly writing portraits of Sofia. For one of them, the girl posed in the Paradle Ball toilet: a bright elegant dress, lace sleeves, a high hairstyle. While working on the picture, the Repin seriously quarreled with the model. As you know, the artist can offend everyone, but few can take revenge so ingeniously as the Repin did. Offended artist "changed" sophia in the portrait in monastic clothes.

The story similar to the anecdote confirmed the radiograph. Researchers were lucky: Repin did not care the original colorful layer, which allowed in detail to consider the genuine outfit of the heroine.

"Alley Park" Isaac Brodsky

Isaac Brodsky. Alley Park. 1930. State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow / Isaac Brodsky. Alley Park in Rome. 1911.

No less interesting riddle left for researchers a student of Repin - Isaac Brodsky. In the Tretyakov Gallery, his picture of the "Alley of the Park" is kept, at first glance, it was not a remarkable: works on the "park" themes of Brodsky had a lot. However, the farther in the park - the more colorful layers.

One of the researchers noted that the composition of the picture suspiciously resembled another work of the artist - "Alley Park in Rome" (Brodsky was a stingy on the original names). This cloth for a long time was considered lost, and his reproduction was published only in a rather rare edition of 1929. With the help of radiographs, the Roman alley disappeared by mystically was found - right under the Soviet. The artist did not consider the ready-made image and simply made a number of simple changes: changed passersby in the fashion of the 30s of the 20th century, "selected" the Children of Srso, removed the marble statues and changed the trees slightly. So the sunny Italian Park of a couple of light movements turned into an exemplary Soviet.

When the question, why Brodsky decided to hide his Roman avenue, they did not investigate the answer. But it can be assumed that the image of the "modest charm of the bourgeoisie" in 1930 from an ideological point of view was already inappropriate. Nevertheless, of all post-revolutionary landscape works of the Brodsky "Alley of the Park" most interesting: despite the changes, the picture retained the charming grace of Modern, which in the Soviet realism already, alas, was not.

"Morning in the Pine Forest" Ivan Shishkin

Ivan Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky. Morning in a pine forest. 1889. State Tretyakov Gallery

Forest landscape with cubs playing on a sovereign tree - hardly the most famous work of the artist. That's just the idea of \u200b\u200bthe landscape Ivan Shishkin told another artist - Konstantin Savitsky. He also wrote a bear with three cubs: a connoisseurs of the forest Shishkina Teddy did not succeed.

Shishkin was impecorated in the forest flora, in the drawings of his students, the slightest mistakes noticed - then the bark is not so depicted, then pine looks like a bout. However, people and animals in his works have always been rare. Here and came to the aid of Savitsky. By the way, he left several preparatory drawings and sketches with bearings - I was looking for suitable postures. "Morning in a pine forest" was not originally "in the morning": called the picture "Bear Family in the Forest", and the Bears themselves were only two. As co-author Savitsky put on the canvas and his signature.

When the canvas delivered to the merchant Pavel Tretyakov, he was indignant: he paid for Shishkin (ordered the author's work), and he received Shishkin and Savitsky. Shishkin, like an honest person, did not attribute authorship. But the Tretyakov went on the principle and the signature of Savitsky blasphemously erased with the picture of Skipidar. Savitsky later refused copyright, and the bears were attributed to Shishkin for a long time.

"Portrait of Chores" Konstantin Korovina

Konstantin Korovin. Portrait of a chore. 1887. State Tretyakov Gallery / Portrait Redemptent

On the back of the canvas, the researchers discovered the message from Konstantin Korovina on the cardboard, which turned out to be hardly more interesting than the picture itself:

"In 1883 in Kharkov, a portrait of a chore. Scribed on the balcony in the public garden commercial. Repin said when this etude showed him Mammoth S.I. that he, Korovin, writes and looking for something else, but for what it is painting for painting only. Serov still did not write portraits at this time. And painting this etude found incomprehensible ?? !! So Polenov asked me to remove this etude from the exhibition, as he does not like the artists or members - Mosolov and somehow. The model was a woman ugly, even somewhat ugly. "

Konstantin Korovin

"Letter" disarmed with a direct challenge to the whole art community: "Serov has not yet written portraits at this time," Konstantin Korovin wrote them. And he allegedly first used the techniques characteristic of that style, which will then be called Russian impressionism. That's just all this turned out to be myth, which the artist created intentionally.

The Slender theory "Korovin - the Forerunner of Russian Impressionism" was mercilessly destroyed by objective technical and technological research. On the front side of the portrait found the signature of the artist paint, just below - ink: "1883, Kharkov." In Kharkov, the artist worked in May - June 1887: wrote decorations for performances of the Russian private opera Mamontov. In addition, art historians found out that the "portrait of choruses" was performed in a specific artistic manner - a la Prima. This technique of oil painting allowed you to write a picture for one session. Korovin began using this technique only in the late 1880s.

After analyzing these two inconsistencies, the Employees of the Tretyakov Gallery came to the conclusion that the portrait was written only in 1887, and the earlier date Korovin adds to emphasize his own innovation.

"Man and Cradle" Ivan Yakimova

Ivan Yakimov. Man and cradle.1770. State Tretyakov Gallery / Full Operation

For a long time, the picture of Ivan Yakimova "Male and Cradle" caused the perplexity of art historians. And it was not even not that such household sketches are absolutely not characteristic of painting the XVIII century - the rocking horse in the lower right corner of the picture is too unnaturally stretched by a rope that logically should lie on the floor. And it was too early to play a child from the cradle into such toys. Also, the fireplace and half did not fit on the canvas, which looked very strange.

"Enlightened" the situation is in the literal sense - a radiograph. She showed that the canvas was cut on the right and above.

In the Tretyakov Gallery, the picture came after the sale of the Pavel Petrovich Petrovich's Tug-Swinine. He belonged to the so-called "Russian Museum" - a collection of painting, sculpture and antiques. But in 1834, due to financial problems, the collection had to sell - and the picture "Male and the cradle" fell into the Tretyakov Gallery: Not all, but only her left half. The right, unfortunately, was lost, but it is still possible to see the work of the whole, thanks to another unique exponent of the Tretyakov. The full version of Jaimova was discovered in the album "Meeting of excellent works of Russian artists and curious domestic antiquities", where drawings are collected with most of the paintings included in the Svetin collection.

Evolution of painting in Russia from x to mid-20th century

Many masterpieces of painting are familiar to us. Almost every work of art carries a mystery or a secret story. We will try to reveal these secrets and share several of them.

1. How El Salvador Dali avenged his sister

"Figure at the window" - a picture, written back in 1925, when he was only 21 years old. At that time, his muse was Ana Maria. Once they gave in their picture wrote "Sometimes I spit on the portrait of my own mother, and it gives me pleasure." After that, the relationship of brother and sisters were completely spoiled, because Ana could not forgive him. When in 1949, the Book "Salvador gave the eyes of the sister", in which Dali was depicted without any praise, he came into rabies and recalled her for a long time. The painting "The young virgin, induluzzled by Sodomsky sin with the help of horns of his own chastity" appeared in 1954, was given the sister's sister for her book. If you look closely, you can notice some similarities with the picture "Figure by the window".

2. Dana double

In the 60s of the twentieth century, the mystery of the famous painting Rembrandt was revealed. When the picture was enlightened by X-rays, they found that the face is very similar to Saskovia, a painter spouse that died in 1642. In the final picture, the face seems to be a mistress of Rembrandt - Hergete Dirks. With her, the artist lived, after his wife died.

3. "Bedroom in Arles" Van Gogh

Van Gogh was often not understood by artists and critics. In 1888 he had to escape to the south of France, where he got a workshop. One of the four rooms he places under the bedroom. In the fall, he comes to draw the "bedroom Van Gogh in Arle." He wanted to portray the comfort of rooms, so that at sight of all thoughts arose only about rest. The researchers of his creativity noticed that the picture was made in yellow tones and explained this by the fact that Van Gogh took a remedy for epilepsy - in a minute, and it is known to change the perception of color and everyone seems in green-yellow tones.

4. Perfection without teeth

Mon-Lisa is perfection, and her smile is impeccable and mysterious. So most people consider, but not art historian from America. Joseph Borkovsky by profession a dentist, thoroughly studying the enlarged photos, said that heroin lost a lot of teeth in his life. Also around the mouth he found scars. The expert believes that her famous smile is very typical for those people who remained without the front teeth.

The picture of the artist Fedotova "Watching Major" has greatly cheated. The picture contains ironic parts that were understood by observers of that time. For example, Major clearly lacks the etiquette rules inherent in the nobles: he came without bouquets for his bride and her mother, as it was supposed. In the bride, the parents put the evening dress, even though the day on the courtyard (the lamps in the room are not lit). In the picture, we see that the girl, most likely, a decolted dress put on the first time, so she is very embarrassed and trying to escape and hide from all that is happening.

Etienne Jules, famous art historian, believes that Delacroix copied a female face with the famous revolutionary in Paris - Anna-Charlotte. After the tragic death of his brother from the hands of royal soldiers, Anna went to the barricades and heroically killed the Ninter Guardsmen. In the picture we see a revolutionary with naked breasts. Naked chest symbolizes dedication and fearlessness and demonstrates to all that freedom does not wear a corset as a commoner.

7. Non-Black Square

"Black Square" is very popular, although many do not even guess that it is not black and not square. At the quadrangle, none of the parties are parallel to any other, and not even parallel any of the parties of the framework in which the picture is framed. Many believe that the square is black, but in fact the color is obtained due to the mixing of different colors, and there was no black color there at all. As art historians say, it was the principled position of Kazimir Malevich, since he sought to make a movable, dynamic form.

8. Old fisherman

Artist Tivadar Kontyko Chongwari from Hungary in 1902 wrote a picture of the old fisherman. Many people may seem that there is nothing unusual in the picture, but the artist laid the subtext in his picture, which during his life did not revealed. A little would occur to put the mirror in the middle of the picture. Chontecari Kostadar wanted to show that in any person there may be like God and the Devil.

9. Secret Roman

Climte, on his canvase, depicted his wife Ferdinand Bloch Bower, sugar tycoon from Austria. Many were surprised and discussed the novel of the famous artist and Adeli. The husband was terribly angry and decided to take revenge on the lovers in an unusual way. Bloch Bauer ordered the portrait of his wife and ordered to make a huge number of sketches, so that the artist began to turn off from it. He planned that work to continue for several years and thus the feelings of lovers would fuss. Ferdinand made a tempting proposal, from which the artist could not refuse, and everything turned out, as she planned a deceived husband. The work lasted for 4 years and during this time the lovers passed feelings to each other, and Adel had never learned to the end of their days that her spouse was aware of the relationship with Clim.

10. Returned to life thanks to the picture

Gogen is known for its web "Where did we come from? Who are we? Where are we going?" which has one feature: read the canvas need to be left right, and not to go right, as everyone is accustomed. In this order, there is a whole allegory of spiritual and physical life of a person: at the beginning of the soul it is born (the child sleeps in the corner), and at the end comes the inevitable death hour (the bird holds a lizard in claws). The artist in life often ran to Tahiti from civilization, and wrote his work. At that moment, life on Tahiti did not set himself from the very beginning: global poverty caused a depression from the artist. After he finished his cloth, Paul Gaen took arsenic and went to the mountains to commit suicide. But since he did not calculate the dose, the idea with Suicide fell. In the morning he did see the hut and fell asleep, and after the awakening felt thirst for life. Since 1898, in his work, a white strip began and the business went up.

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There are even those masterpieces of painting that seem familiar to us.

We are in website We believe that in almost every important work of art there is a mystery, "double bottom" or a secret story that you want to reveal. Today we share a few of them.

112 proverbs on one picture

Peter Bruegel - Senior, "Netherlands Proverbs", 1559

Peter Bruegel - Senior depicted the land, inhabited by literal images of the Dutch proverbs of those days. In a written picture, there are approximately 112 recognized idioms. Some of them are used to this day, for example, such as: "Fly against the current", "fight your head about the wall", "armed to teeth" and "Big fish eats a small one."

Other proverbs reflect human nonsense.

Subjectivity of art

Paul Gogen, "Breton village under the snow", 1894

The painting of Gogen "Breton village in the snow" was sold after the death of the author in just seven francs and, moreover, called Niagara Falls. A man who spent auction accidentally hung up a picture of his legs, seeing a waterfall in it.

Message Malevich

Casimir Malevich, "Black Suprematic Square", 1915

Specialists of the Tretyakov Gallery found the author's inscription at the famous picture of Malevich. The inscription states: "Battle of blacks in a dark cave." This phrase refers to the name of the joking picture of the French journalist, the writer and the artist Alfons Alto "Battle of Blacks in the Dark Cave of Deep At night", which was absolutely black rectangle.

Hidden painting

Pablo Picasso, Blue Room, 1901

In 2008, infrared radiation showed that a "blue room" was hidden another image - a portrait of a man dressed in a suit with a butterfly and put her head on his hand. "As soon as Picasso appeared a new idea, he was taken for the brush and embodied it. But he did not have the opportunity to buy a new canvas every time a muse was visited, "explains the possible reason for this art criticism of Patricia Favero.

Spontaneous illusion

Valentin Serov, "Portrait of Nicholas II in a pressURE", 1900

For a long time, Serov could not write a portrait of the king. When the artist surrendered at all, he apologized to Nikolai. Nikolai was a little upset, sat down at the table, stretching his hands in front of him ... And then the artist painted - here it is an image! A simple military in an officer's tuber with pure and sad eyes. This portrait is considered the best image of the last emperor.

Again Double

© Fedor Reshetnikov

The famous painting "Again Two" is just the second part of the artistic trilogy.

The first part is "arrived on vacation." Obviously secured family, winter holidays, a joyful student student.

The second part is "again deuce." The poor family from the working outskirts, the midst of the school year, Puraden Oballa, again grabbed the two. In the upper left corner, the picture "arrived on vacation" was visible.

The third part is "re-examination". Country house, summer, all walk, one malicious inequality, having failed annual exam, is forced to sit in four walls and tool. In the upper left corner, a picture "Again Two"

How masterpieces are born

Joseph Turner, "Rain, Couples and Speed", 1844

In 1842, Mrs. Simon traveled by train in England. Suddenly began a strong shower. The elderly gentleman, who was sitting opposite her, got up, opened the window, stuck his head and looked at ten minutes. Unable to keep your curiosity, the woman also opened the window and began to look ahead. A year later, she found a picture of "rain, couples and speed" at the exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts and was able to recognize the same episode in it.

There is a superstition that the portrait writing can bring the unfortunate model. In the history of Russian painting there were several famous canvases, which had a mystical reputation.

"Ivan the Terrible and Son of His Ivan on November 16, 1581." Ilya Repin

Ilya Repin had a "fatal painter" reputation: many of those whose portraits he painted, dying suicide. Among them, Mussorgsky, Pisemist, Pirogov, Italian actor Mursa D'Argeanto and Fyodor Tyutchev.

The most gloomy picture of Repin recognize "Ivan Grozny kills his son." Curious fact: It is still unknown, if Ivan IV his son killed or this legend really composed by the Vatican envoy Antonio Possevino.

The picture made an oppressive impression on the visitors of the exhibition. Cases of hysteria were recorded, and in 1913, the icon painter Abram Balashov resorbed the picture with a knife. Later he was admitted insane.

A strange coincidence: the artist of Myasoedov, from which Repin wrote the image of the king, soon almost killed in the attack of anger of His son Ivan, and the writer Vsevolod Garshin, who becamefortorchik For Tsarevich Ivan, went crazy and committed suicide.

"Portrait of M. I. Lopukhina." Vladimir Borovikovsky

Maria Lopukhin, originating from the county of Tolsty, became the artist's simulator at 18, shortly after his own wedding. Amazingly beautiful girl was healthy and full strength, but died 5 years later. After years, the poet Polonsky will write "The beauty of her Borovikovsky saved ...".

There were rumors about the connection of the painting with the death of a loophin. The city legend was born that a portrait could not look at a portrait - the sad fate of the "Timber" will suffer.

Some argued that the father of the girl, the master of the Masonic lodge, concluded the Spirit of his daughter in the portrait.

After 80 years, the picture acquired Tretyakov, who was not afraid of the reputation of the portrait. Today, the canvas is located in the Collection of the Tretyakov Gallery.

"Unknown". Ivan Kramskaya

The painting "Unknown" (1883) caused a rustling interest among the St. Petersburg public. But Tretyakov flatly refused to acquire a picture for his collection. So, the "stranger" began his journey through private collections. Soon we began to occur: the first owner was abandoned by his wife, the second burned down the house, the third went bankrupt. All misfortunes attributed a fatal picture.

The artist himself did not escape the trouble, shortly after writing the picture, two sons of Kramsky died.

Pictures were sold abroad, where she continued to bring one misfortune to the owners, while in 1925 the canvas did not return to Russia. When the portrait turned out to be in the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery of the misfortune ceased.

"Troika". Vasily Perov

Perov could not find a simulator for a central boy for a long time, until he met one woman who was driving through Moscow at a manty-motherly with his 12-year-old Son Vasya. The artist managed to persuade a woman to give Vasily to pop up for the painting.

A few years later, Perov again met with this woman. It turned out that a year after writing a picture of Vassenka died, and his mother specially came to the artist to buy a picture for the last money.

But the canvas was already acquired and exhibited in the Tretyakov Gallery. When a woman saw Troika, she fell on her knees and began to pray. Sillarmed, artist wrote for woman portrait of her son.

"Demon defeated." Mikhail Vrubel

Son Vrubel, Savva, died suddenly soon after the artist finished the portrait of the boy. The death of the Son became a blow to Vrubel, so he concentrated on his last picture "Demon defeated".

The desire to finish the canvas turned into obsession. Vrubel continued to add the picture even when she was sent to the exhibition.

Not paying attention to visitors, the artist came to the gallery, took the brushes and continued to work. Concerned relatives contacted the doctor, but it was already too late - the dice of the spinal cord brought Vrubel into the grave, despite the treatment.

"Mermaids". Ivan Kramskaya

Ivan Kramskaya conceived to write a picture based on the story N.V. Gogol "May night, or a drowning". At the first exhibition in the mobile partnership, the picture was hung next to the pastoral "Gracchi flew" by Alexei Savrasov. On the first night, the picture "Graci" fell from the wall.

Soon both paintings bought Tretyakov, "Grachics flew" took a place in the office, and the "mermaids" were put up in the hall. From this point on, the servants and households of Tretyakov began to complain about the guarantee singing, informed at night from the hall.

Moreover, people began to celebrate that next to the picture they experience the decline.

Mysticism continued until the old nurse advised to remove the mermaids from the light to the far end of the hall. Tretyakov followed the Council, and the oddities stopped.

"To the death of Alexander III." Ivan Aivazovsky

When the artist found out about the death of Emperor Alexander III, he was shocked and wrote a picture without any order. According to the idea of \u200b\u200bAivazovsky, the picture was supposed to symbolize the celebration of life over death. But, by graduating from the picture, Aivazovsky hid it and did not show anyone. For the first time, the picture was put on all over 100 years later.

The picture is broken into fragments, a cross is depicted on the canvas, the Petropavlovsk fortress and the figure of a woman in black.

A strange effect is that at a certain angle, the female figure turns into a laughing man. Some see in this silhouette of Nikolai II, while others - Pakhoma Andreyushkin, one of those terrorists who failed to attempt to the emperor in 1887.

Tatyana Kolyukhun

Original entries and comments on

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Jerome Bosch, "Garden of Earth Delight", 1500-1510

In almost every significant work of art, there is a mystery, "double bottom" or a secret story that you want to reveal. Today we share A few of them.

Music on the buttocks

Fragment of the right side of triptych

Disputes about the meanings and hidden meanings of the most famous work of the Dutch artist do not subside from the moment of its appearance. On the right sash of triptych called "Music Hell", sinners are depicted, which torture in the underworld with the help of musical instruments. One of them has notes on the buttocks. A student of Christian University of Oklahoma Amelia Hamrick, who studied the picture, shifted the notation of the XVI century on modern way and recorded a "song from the ass from Hell, which was 500 years old."

Revenge of Salvador Dali

The picture "Figure by the window" was written in 1925, when Dali was 21 years old. Then the artist has not yet entered Gala, and his museum was Sister Ana Maria. Brother's relationships and sisters have spoiled when he wrote on one of the pictures "Sometimes I spit on the portrait of my own mother, and it gives me pleasure." Ana Maria could not forgive such a shock.

In his book of 1949, Salvador gave the eyes of the sister, "she writes about Brother without praise. The book led Salvador to rabies. Another ten after that, he was angry with each other case. And so, in 1954 a picture "The young virgin, indulging in Sodomsky sin with the help of horns of his own chastity appears." Pose of a woman, its curls, landscape outside the window and color scheme paintings are clearly echoing with the "window figure". There is a version that I was given a revengent sister for her book.

Double Dana

Rembrandt Harmens Wang Rhine, "Dana", 1636 - 1647

Many secrets of one of the most famous paintings of Rembrandt were disclosed only in the 60s of the twentieth century, when the canvas enlightened the X-rays. For example, shooting showed that in the early version, the face of the princess, which entered into a love relationship with Zeus, was similar to the face of Saskiy - the spouse of the painter, who died in 1642. At the final version of the picture, it began to resemble the face of Herges Dirks - Lovers Rembrandt, with which the artist lived after the death of his wife.

Yellow Bedroom Van Gogh

Vincent Van Gogh, "Bedroom in Arles", 1888 - 1889

In May 1888, Van Gogh acquired a small workshop in Arle, in the south of France, where he escaped from not understanding his Paris artists and critics. In one of the four rooms, Vincent places the bedroom. In October, everything is ready, and he decides to draw a "bedroom Van Gogh in Arles." For the artist, it was very important to flavor, the comfort of the rooms: everything should have been made to the thoughts on vacation. At the same time, the picture is withstanding in anxious yellow tones.

Van Gogh's creativity researchers explain this by the fact that the artist took a spatter - a remedy for epilepsy, which causes serious changes in the patient in color perception: all surrounding reality is painted in green-yellow tones.

Toothless perfection

Leonardo da Vinci, "Portrait of Mrs. Liza Del Jocondo", 1503 - 1519

The generally accepted opinion is that Mona Lisa is perfection and a smile is beautiful with his mysteriousness. However, American art historian (and part-time dentist) Joseph Borkovsky believes that, judging by the expression of the face, the heroine lost a lot of teeth. Studying enlarged photos of the masterpiece, Borkovski also discovered the scars around her mouth. "She is so" smiles "precisely because of what happened to her," the expert believes. - The expression of her face is typically for people who have lost its front teeth. "

Major on facingontrol

Pavel Fedotov, "Major Watch", 1848

The public, who first saw the picture "Watching Major", laughed from the soul: Fedotov's artist filled with ironic details, understandable viewers of that time. For example, Major is clearly not familiar with the rules of the noble etiquette: he appeared without laid bouquets for the bride and her mother. And the bride itself, her merchant parents discharged into the evening ball gown, although in the yard day (all the lamps in the room are extinguished). The girl clearly first tried a decolted dress, confused and tries to escape into his bel.

Why freedom is naked

Ferdinan Victor Eugene Delacroix, "Freedom on Barricade", 1830

According to the art historian Etienne Juli, Delacroix wrote the face of a woman with the famous Parisian revolutionaries - Anna-Charlotte's missure, which went to the barricades after the death of his brother from the hands of royal soldiers and killed the Ninter Guardsmen. The artist depicted it with naked breasts. According to him, this is a symbol of fearlessness and dedication, as well as the celebrations of democracy: Nagaya chest shows that freedom, as a simple hat, is not a corset.

Unquadant square

Casimir Malevich, "Black Suprematic Square", 1915

In fact, the "black square" is not at all black and not at all square: none of the sides of the quadrangle is not parallel to any other side, and not one of the sides of the square frame, which the picture is framed. And dark color is the result of mixing various colors, among which it was not black. It is believed that it was not the negligence of the author, but a fundamental position, the desire to create a dynamic, moving form.

Old fisherman

In 1902, the Hungarian artist Tivadar Kostka Chonterty writes the picture "Old Rybak". It would seem that there is nothing unusual in the picture, but Tivar laid the subtext in it, during the lifetime of the artist and undisclosed.
Few people occurred to apply the mirror to the middle of the picture. Each person can be like God (the right-handed old man's right shoulder) and the devil (the left shoulder of the old man is duplicated).

Melodrama of the Austrian Mona Lisa

Gustav Klimt, "Portrait of Adeli Bloch Bauer", 1907

On one of the most significant climes, the wife of Austrian sugar magnate Fetinad Bloch Bauer was captured. All Vienna discussed the stormy Roman Adelel and the famous artist. A vulnerable husband wanted to take revenge on lovers, but chose a very unusual way: he decided to order a portrait of the portrait of Adeli and make him make hundreds of sketches until the artist starts turning away from her.

Bloch Bauer wanted work to last for several years, and a simulator could see how the feelings of Clima could fuss. He made an artist a generous proposal, from which he could not refuse, and everything developed on the scenario of a deceived husband: the work was completed for 4 years, lovers have long cooled to each other. Adel Bloch Bauer never learned that her husband was aware of her relationship with Clima.

Picture that returned Gogen to life

Paul Gogen, "Where did we come from? Who are we? Where are we going? ", 1897-1898

The most famous canvas of Hogen has one feature: it "reads" not to the right, but on the right to left, as the Kabbalistic texts that the artist was interested in. It is in this order that the allegory of the spiritual and physical life of a person unfolds: from the origin of the soul (sleeping child in the lower right corner) to the inevitability of the death hour (bird with a lizard in claws in the lower left corner).

The picture was written by Gogen on Tahiti, where the artist ran several times from civilization. But this time, life on the island did not specify: total poverty led him to depression. Having finished the canvas, which should have become his spiritual testament, Gauguen took a box with arsenic and went to the mountains to die. However, he did not calculate the dose, and suicide failed. In the next morning, he, swing, did not know the hut and fell asleep, and when he woke up, he felt the forgotten thirst for life. And in 1898, his affairs went uphill, and in the work began their bright period.

Nude Mona Lisa

The famous "Joconda" exists in two versions: the nude version is called "Monta Bath", she wrote her a little-known artist Salaya, who was a student and a suspician of the great Leonardo da Vinci. Many art critics are confident that it was he who was a model for paintings by Leonardo "John Baptist" and "Bakhus". There are also versions that Salaya dressed in a women's dress served as the Mona Lisa itself.

Doubles on the "Secret Evening"

Leonardo da Vinci, "Last Supper", 1495-1498

When Leonardo da Vinci wrote a "secret evening", he attached a special meaning to two figures: Christ and Judah. He was looking for simulators for them for a very long time. Finally, he managed to find a model for the image of Christ among young singers. To pick up a simulator for Judah Leonardo was not able for three years. But one day he came across the street on a drunkard, who was lying in a wastewater. It was a young man who was a non-digestion. Leonardo invited him to the restaurant, where he immediately began to write from him Judas. When the drinker came to himself, he told the artist that one day already posed him. It was a few years ago when he sang in the church choir, Leonardo wrote from Him Christ.

Innocent History "Gothic"

Grant Wood, "American Gothic", 1930

The work of the wood grant is considered one of the strangest and depressing in the history of American painting. The painting with gloomy father and daughter is filled with details that indicate the severity, puritancy and retrogradment of the people depicted. In fact, the artist did not think of portraying any horror: during a trip to Iowa and he noticed a small house in the Gothic style and decided to portray those people who, in his opinion, would ideally come as inhabitants. In the form of characters, which are so offended by the inhabitants of Iowa, the sister of the grant and his dentist are immortalized.

"Night Watch" or "Day"?

Rembrandt, "Night Watch", 1642

One of the most famous paintings of Rembrandt "Speech by Rifle Company Captain France Bannang Coca and Lieutenant Villem Van Ryuteitbürga" about two hundred years has checked in different halls and was discovered by art historians only in the XIX century. Since it seemed that the figures perform on a dark background, she was called "Night Watch", and under this title she entered the treasury of world art. And only during the restoration spent in 1947, it was discovered that in the hall the picture managed to be covered with a layer of soot, distorting her flavor. After clearing the original painting, it turned out that the scene represented by Rembrandt actually occurs during the day. The position of the shade from the left hand of Captain Coca shows that the time of action is not more than 14 hours.

Inverted boat

Henri Matisse, "Boat", 1937

In the New York Museum of Contemporary Art in 1961, a picture of Henri Matisse "Boat" was exhibited. Only after 47 days someone drew attention to the fact that the picture hangs upside down. On the canvas depicted 10 purple lines and two blue sails on a white background. Two sails, the artist painted not just like that, the second sail is a reflection of the first water. In order not to make a mistake in how the picture should hang, you need to pay attention to the details. A larger sail must be the top of the picture, and the peak of the sail pattern should be directed to the right upper angle.

Cheating in self-portrait

Vincent Van Gogh, "Self-portrait with a tube", 1889

The fact that Van Gogh allegedly cut off his ear, go legends. Now the most reliable is the version that the ear Van Gogh damaged in a small scuffle with the participation of another artist - Gogen fields. Self-portrait is interesting in that reflects reality in distorted form: the artist is depicted with a bandaged right ear, because it used a mirror during operation. In fact, the left ear suffered.

Two "breakfast on the grass"

Eduard Mana, "Breakfast on the grass", 1863

Claude Monet, "Breakfast on the grass", 1865

Artists Eduard Mana and Claude Monet are sometimes confused - after all, they were both French people, lived at one time and worked in the style of impressionism. Even the name of one of the most famous paintings by Mana "Breakfast on the Grass" Monet borrowed and wrote his "breakfast on the grass."

Aliens Mishki

Ivan Shishkin, "Morning in a pine forest", 1889

The famous painting belongs not only to the brush of Shishkin. Many artists who were friendly among themselves often resorted to the "help of a friend", and Ivan Ivanovich, had a whole life with landscapes, feared that touching bears would not work with him as it was necessary. Therefore, Shishkin appealed to the familiar animalist artist Konstantin Savitsky.

Savitsky painted hardly not the best bears in the history of Russian painting, and the Tretyakov commanded her surname from the canvas, because everything in the picture "since the plan and ending with the fulfillment, everything speaks about the manner of painting, about the creative method for Shishkin."