The genre peculiarity of the plays is grief from the mind. Genre peculiarity of the comedy A.S.Griboyedov "Mount from the mind

The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work of the "grief from the mind" is an illustration of a meanness, ignorance and operability in front of the ranks and traditions, opposed new ideas, genuine culture, freedom and mind. The main character of Chatsky spoke at the play by a representative of the very democratically tuned society of young people who threw an open challenge to conservatives and serfs. All these subtleties that raged in socio-political life, Griboedov managed to reflect on the example of a classic comedy love triangle. It is noteworthy that the bulk of the work described by the Creator occurs throughout one day, and the characters themselves themselves are displayed very brightly.

Many contemporaries of the writer honored his manuscript sincere praise and ratified before the king for permission to publish a comedy.

History of writing comedy "Mount from Wit"

The idea of \u200b\u200bwriting a comedy "Woe from Wit" visited Griboedov during his stay in St. Petersburg. In 1816, he returned to the city from abroad and was at one of the secular receptions. A deep inner perturbation has caused a lot of Russian people to a foreign, after he noticed that the city knows in front of one of the passage guests. The writer did not restrain himself and showed his negative attitude. In the meantime, one of the invited who did not divide his beliefs parried that Muscoyedov was crazy.

The events of that evening were based on a comedy, and Griboedov himself became the prototype of the chief hero of Chatsky. Work on the work of the writer began in 1821. He worked on a comedy in Tiflis, where he served under General Yermolov, and in Moscow.

In 1823, work on the play was completed, and the writer began to read it in Moscow literary circles, Along the way, getting enthusiastic reviews. The comedy successfully dismissed in the form of lists among the reading population, but for the first time it was published only in 1833, after the Minister of Uvarov to the king. The writer itself by that time alive was no longer.

Analysis of the work

Main plot comedy

The events described in the comedy occur in early XIX. century, in the house of the metropolitan official Famusov. His young daughter Sophia is in love with the secretary of Famusov, Molchalin. He is a man is calculating, not rich, occupying small chin.

Knowing about the passions of Sofia, he meets with it by calculation. One day in the house of Famusov, a young noralian Chazki is coming - a family friend who has not been in Russia for three years. The purpose of his return is the marriage to Sofye, to which he has feelings. Sophia herself hides his love in Molchalin from the main character of the comedy.

Father sofya man of old gender and views. He turns to the ranks and believes that young must please in all superiors, do not show their opinions and serve the earliest selflessly. Chatsky, in contrast to him, a witty young man with a sense of pride and good formation. Such views he condemns, considers stupid, hypocritical and empty. Greater disputes arise between Famusov and Chatsky.

On the day of arrival of Chatsky in the House of Famusov gather invited guests. During the evening, Sophia dismisses his rumor, as if Chatsky went crazy. Guests, also not dividing his views, actively pick up this thought and unanimously recognize the hero of the crazy.

Once on the evening of the White Voronene, Chatsky is going to leave the Famine House. Waiting for the carriage, he hears, as the secretary of Famusov is recognized in his senses of the maid of the Lord. It hears this and Sophia, which immediately drives out of the house of Molchalin.

Junction love scene Ends in disappointment of Chatsky in Sofye and secular society. The hero forever leaves Moscow.

Heroes of Comedy "Mount from Wit"

it the main character Comedy Griboedov. He is an offacious nobleman, whose possession is 300 - 400 shower. Chatsky early remained orply, and since his father was a close friend of Famusov, since childhood he was brought up with Sofia in the Famus House. Later he became bored with them, and at first he settled separately, and after and left to go to the world at all.

Since childhood, Chatsky and Sofia were friends, but he experienced not only friendly feelings.

The main character in Griboyedov's comedy is not stupid, witty, eloquent. Lover of ridicule over stupid, Chatsky was a liberal who does not want to fake before the bosses and to serve the highest ranks. That is why he did not serve in the army and was not a government official that for the era of the time and his pedigree - a rarity.

Famusov - a man aged with gray in temples, nobleman. For their age, he is very cheerful and fresh. Pavel Afanasyevich Widovets, from his children is the only Sophia, 17 years old.

The official consists on public service, it is rich, but at the same time windy. Pharmuses are without constraints to their own maids. His character is explosive, restless. Pavel Afanasyevich Obsvgly, but with necessary peopleHe knows how to take proper politeness. An example of this is his communication with a colonel, for whom Famusov wishes to marry a daughter. For his purpose, he is ready for everything. Submission, Ralespace in front of the ranks and low-planness for it is characteristic. He also values \u200b\u200bthe opinion of society about himself and his family. Read the official does not like and education does not consider something very important.

Sofya - daughter of a rich official. Cute and formed in the best rules Moscow nobility. Left early without mother, but being on the care of the governess Madame Rosier, she reads french books, Dancing and plays the piano. Sophia girl is a non-permanent, windy and easily fond of young men. At the same time, she is trusting and very naive.

In the course of the play, it is clear that she does not notice the fact that Molchanin does not love her and is with her next because of its own benefits. Father calls her sink and shamelessness, Sophia itself considers himself smart and not a cowardly young lady.

Secretary of Famusov, who lives in their house - this is a single young man from very poor family. Its own noble title Molchanin received only during the service that in those days was considered permissible. For this, Pharmuses occasionally calls him rootless.

The surname of the hero, as it is impossible, corresponds to its character and temperament. He does not like to talk. Solvelin is a limited and very stupid man. He behaves modestly and quietly, honors the ranks and tries to please everyone who is in his surroundings. Does it exclusively from the benefit.

Alexey Stepanovich never expresses his opinion, due to which the surrounding people consider it a completely cute young man. In fact, it is a sneaky, unprincipled and cowardly. At the end of the comedy, it becomes clear that Molchanlin is in love with the servant Lisa. Having admitted to her in this, he receives a portion of the righteous anger from Sofia, but a characteristic licority for him, he allows him to stay in the service at her father and on.

Scalozub - secondary hero Comedy, he is a magnificent colonel who wants to become a general.

Pavel Afanasyevich belongs to the scalosis to the category of enviable Moscow grooms. In the opinion of Famusov, a rich officer who has a weight and status in society - a good party for his daughter. Sofier himself did not like her soul. In the work, the image of the scalose is collected in separate phrases. To the speech of Chatsky, Sergey Sergeevich joins the discarding reasoning. They give out its ignorance and uneducation.

The servant Liza

Lisanka is the usual maid in the Famovsky House, but at the same time it takes a rather high place among others. literary charactersAnd she is given quite a lot of different episodes and descriptions. The author describes in detail what Lisa does and what and how she says. She makes confessing in his feelings of other heroes of the play, provokes them to certain actions, pushes to various solutions, important for their lives.

Mr. Reetales appears in the fourth action of the work. This is secondary, but bright character Comedy, invited to the Ball to Famowan on the occasion of the name of his daughter Sofia. His image - characterizes the person who chooses easy way in life.

Zagoretsky

Anton Antonovich Zagoretsky - Svetsky Kutil without ranks and honors, however, who can, and loving to be invited to all acceptors. Due to his gift - to be pleasing "to the yard".

Hurrying to visit the center of events, "as if" from the side, the secondary hero A.S. Griboedova, Anton Antonovich, his own person, turns out to be invited to the evening in the house of Fastaway. From the very first seconds, the action with his person becomes clear - Zagoretsky is the same "frame".

Madame Hlesov - also one of secondary characters Comedy, but its role is very colorful. This is a woman already old years. She is from the family 65. She has a dog-Spitz and a black-skinned maid - Arapka. Khlestov in the course last gossip yard and eagerly divided own stories From life, in which the work easily talks about other characters.

Composition and plot lines of comedy "Mount Mind"

When writing a comedy "Woe from Mind", Griboedov used characteristic this genre Reception. Here we can see the classic plot, where two men apply for one girl's hand. Their images are also classic: one modest and respectful, the second is educated, proud and confident in its own superiority. True, in the play of Griboedov a little differently put emphasis in the character of heroes, making it cute for the society, it was Molkolly, and not Chatsky.

For several chapters pieces goes Background description of life in the Famous House and only in the seventh phenomenon begins the prisoner of the love plot. A sufficiently detailed long description during the play narrates only about one day. Long development of events is not described here. Scene lines In the comedy two. These are conflicts: love and social.

Each of the images described by Griboedov, multifaceted. Even the silellin is interesting, to which, already at the reader, there is an unpleasant attitude, but it does not cause an explicit disgust. It is interesting for him to observe in various episodes.

In the play, despite the capture of fundamental structures, there are certain deviations for building a plot, and it is clearly traced that the comedy was written on the junction at once literary epochs: prosperous romanticism, emerging realism and dying classicism.

The comedy of Griboedov "Woe from Wit" received its popularity not only for the use of classic methods for building the plot in non-standard framework for them, there were explicit changes in society, which then only originated and allowed their first sprouts.

It is interesting about the work also because it is straightened from all other works written by Griboedov.

Features of the comedy genre "Mount from Wit"

A.S. Griboyedov initially determined his work as:

• "Scenic poem",
• then as a "dramatic picture"
• and only then as a comedy .

"Mount from the mind" - satyrian comedy.. The main thing in it is the inconsistency of external and internal, thoughts and behavior. So, unlawful in the words of Molchanin - Cynic in relation to people, but in words and behavior - kindly, helpful.

Contradictory and saying characters about climbing:

"And the golden bag, and marks to the generals" - "... the words smart did not express it srod."

The high position of the characters does not correspond to their behavior or thoughts.

Scalozub says:

"... so that the ranks get, there are many channels."

Pharmuses occupies a rather large post - the manager in a government place, however, it is formally conducive to its responsibilities:

"My custom is this: signed, so with the shoulders of a share."

Universal morality opposes the moral of this society:

"Sin does not matter, the rumor is not good."

Sometimes the speeches of Chatsky do not understand other characters or understand.

Comic features and transformations in the play "Mount from Wit"

Comic inconsistencies are in the character of Chatsky. Pushkin, for example, refused to Chatsky in the mind. The fact is that this smart man It falls into the ridiculous situation and still mosk beads in front of pigs. Nobody listens to him (3rd action) and does not hear.

Comically transformed in comedy love triangle.

Chatsky loves Sophia, who loves Mocalin, Molchalin is recognized in love with the servant Lisa, who, in turn, dreams about Petrushe's buffet.

Comic tongue of characters. Already contemporaries noted that many rows of comedy became aphorisms

("Well, how not to try to a native little man," "walked into the room - got into another", "Karet to me, Karetu", "Kuznetsky Bridge and Eternal French" and many others).

So, the poet of Griboedov determined the genre of his text as a comedy. However, everything is not so simple: the comic circumstances in which the main character falls, constant a variety of inconsistencies, contradiction between comic and tragic - all this helps him to reveal tragic conflict between

"The age of last" and the "century today". Perhaps you should call the genre "grief from the mind" tragicomedia. The predominance of the social and political conflict over love and makes the play of tragicomedia. Gogol also called the "grief from the mind" "Public Comedy".

It is important here that is the best satirical writer and the playwright of the XIX century, calls this text of the comedy, thus confirms the definition of Griboyedov.

At the same time, the fact that experts still argue about the genre of the originality of the play "Mount from the mind," says that this wonderful thing is still a mystery and for critics, for literary critics, and for readers and spectators.

Comedy - color of civilization, the fruit of the developed public. To understand the comic, one must stand at a high stage of formation.
V. G. Belinsky

According to the genre "Mount from the mind", social (ideological) satirical comedy. The theme of this work is an image of a socially significant clash of the "century of the current", who wants to replace the old public order, to correct the morals of society, and the "century of the past", who fearful any public changes, because these changes really threaten his well-being. That is, the comedy describes the collision of the progressive and reaction nobility. Named social contradiction is the main one for the era coming after Patriotic War 1812, which exposed many indigenous defects of Russian society. First of all, it was, of course, absolutism, serfdom, bureaucracy, cosmopolitanism.

"Woe from the mind" is an ideological comedy, since Griboedov pays a lot of attention to the disputes of heroes according to their most relevant issues, social and moral. At the same time, the playwright leads to the statements of both Chatsky, who expresses progressive views and Famousov, Skalozuba, Molchalin and guests who defend the conservative point of view.

The most important issue B. modern Griboedov Russia was the question of serfdom, which was based on the economic and political device of the state. Chatsky, it must be admitted, it does not appear against the fortress building, but boldly condemns the abuse of serfs, which is indicated by the famous monologue "And the judges who?". The hero mentions the "Nestor of National Ratish", who exchanged for three greyhound dogs of his fortress servants, although learning, they are in wines and fights and honor, and his life has been saved more than once ... (II, 5) Chatsky also speaks about the owner Theater: Walking around, he sold his fortress artists a single one.

All the reasoning about the cruelty of serfdom do not touch the representatives of the Famovskogo society - after all, all today's well-being of the nobility is built on the fortress right. And how easy it is to manage-butt perfectly with powerless people! This is also visible in the House of Famusov, who sticks to Lisa, scolds servants, waven punish them all when and how he pleases. This is evidenced by the behavior of the chleerstorm: she tells his dog in the kitchen and at the same time the girl-arapku. Therefore, it simply does not respond to the angry attacks of Chatsky against the serfs and leaves the room, and the scalosis of the monologue "And the judges who?" He caught only the conviction of the guards uniform, embroidered with gold, (!) And agreed with this.

Chatsky, like Griboedov, believes that the dignity of the nobleman is not to be a serfthrower, but to be a faithful servant of the Fatherland. Therefore, Chatsky is convinced that it is necessary to serve "the case, and not to persons" (II, 2). For the Council of Famousov, he responds reasonably: "It would be glad to serve, sichenly serve" (ibid). Representatives of the Famow Society have a completely different attitude to the service - for them this means of achieving personal well-being, and the ideal is idle life in his pleasure. Therefore, Pavel Afanasyevich talks about his uncle Maxim Petrovich, who was reached by Chamber, entertaining Ekaterina Schutovsky numbers. "BUT? How do you think? In our opinion, it is silent, "Magovyov exclaims. He will repeat the rockosub:

Yes, so that the ranks get, there are many channels;
About them as a true philosopher I judge:
I just got to the generals. (II, 5)

Molchanin advises Chatsky:

Well, right, what would you have in Moscow to serve?
And rewarding to take and having fun? (III, 3)

Chatsky respects smart solly people, it is not afraid to make bold actions. This can be judged by the misty hint of Molchally on the St. Petersburg activity of Chatsky:

Tatyana Yurevna told something
From St. Petersburg turning
With ministers about your connection,
Then gap ... (III, 3)

IN famovovsky society people are not valued for personal qualities, but for wealth and related links. The Famuses in the monologue about Moscow speaks of this with pride:

Here, for example, we have been keen from us,
That by father and son honor;
Be bad, but if you go
Shower thousands of two generics -
That and the groom. (II, 5)

People of this circle adopt foreigners and foreign culture. However, the low level of education allows the granddaughter-granddaughter of Hryumina, the princess of Toguhovsky to understand only the French fashion - they are being discussed on the ball folds and fringe on new outfits. Chatsky in his statements (especially in the monologue "In that room, a slight meeting ..." III, 22) very sharply condemns the lowlands before abroad. He, on the contrary, acts as a Patriot of Russia and believes that national history It is not inferior, for example, the French that the Russian people are "smart, cheerful" (ibid), that, respecting someone else's culture, should not be neglected.

Famusovskoe society is experiencing fear of genuine enlightenment. All troubles it connects with books and "science". This view extremely clearly formulates Pavel Afanasyevich himself:

Hours - here is the plague, the study is the reason
What is now the way when,
Madly divorced people, and cases, and opinions. (III, 21)

All guests are in a hurry to agree with the Magazov in this matter, here everyone has words: both Prince of Toguhovskaya, and the old woman is a holly, even at the scaloseba. Chatsky as an expressive advanced ideas His time, can not agree with similar views of the Famusov and his guests. He, on the contrary, respects those

Who is inadequate individuals, silent, words of curly,
In whose misfortune, head
Five, six people find thoughts,

And he dares them to vowelly declare ... (III, 22) a frivolous attitude towards education and the upbringing of noble children is naturally subject to disregard from the Famow Society to Enlightenment and Sciences. Loving parents

Cotton pick up teachers shelves;
The number of more, price cheaper ... (I, 7)

The educators of noble inexpensive are foreigners with a dubious pedagogical reputation. The sad result of such a system of upbringing (worship over Europe and contempt for the Fatherland) can be observed in the third action:

Oh! France! There is no better edge in the world!
Two Princess, sister, repeating

The lesson who is sought from childhood. (III, 22) since love line It is one of the two story-forming, in the comedy is also considered relations in noble families. Ceta Gori is becoming an exemplary family for the Famow Society. " Ideal husband"Gorich turns into a toy of his capricious wife. Chatsky makes fun of such relationships, and Plato Mikhailovich himself complains about his life, boring, monotonous, empty (III, 6).

"Woe from the mind" is a satirical comedy, because in it evil is ridiculed by socially significant vices of heroes. Almost all the characters of the play are described Satirically, that is, their external affected look hides the inner emptiness and minor interests. Such is, for example, the image of a rockozuba - a man is undeveloped, the soldier, which, however, "marks to the generals" (I, 5). This colonel is well versed only in uniforms, orders, chopping discipline. His kosonaya phrases point to primitive thinking, but this "sage" is the hero of all living rooms descended for the Famous's bride and relative. Satirically depicted Molchanin - externally quiet, modest young official, but in the last frank conversation With Lisa, it is revealed as a low hypocrite:

I won my father:
First, to please all people without rewriting -
The owner where will bring to live
Head, who I will serve with
A servant of him that cleans the dresses
Swiss, janitor, for avoid evil,
Dog janitor, so that Laskov was. (IV, 12)

Now all his talents receive another meaning: it appears before the characters of the play and readers a man without honor and conscience, ready for any lowness for the sake of a career. Satirical character and rehetylov. This hints on secret society, on some important state challenge, but everything comes down to empty noise and the scream of his companion friends, because as long as the "state case: it seems that you see, not matured" (IV, 4). Satirically represented, of course, the guests of Famousov: the gloomy old woman of Herustov, absolutely stupid princes, the faceless gentlemen N and D, the piercing chassis. A comprehensive characteristic gives them all the granddaughter's countess:

Well, melodov! I knew the guests to call!
Some freaks from the world

And you can not talk to, and not to dance. (IV, 1) Satirically depicts Griboedov and Chatsky: This enthusiast preaches noble ideas in the living room of Famousov in front of the smug and empty people who are deaf to the preaching of good and justice. An unreasonable behavior of the main character was indicated by A.S. Pushkin in his remote on the "grief from the mind" (Letter to A.A. Bestuzhev at the end of January 1825).

However, the final satirical work Not only not ridiculous, but even dramatic: Chatsky lost his favorite girl, about which he dreamed of three years in separation; He is declared crazy, and he is forced to leave Moscow. Why did Griboedov call his play comedy? This question is still discussed in literary criticism. As it seems, best interpretation Griboedov's plan gives I.A. Throthares in the article "Millon Torzania": calling the "grief from the mind" comedy, the playwright wanted to emphasize the optimisticness of his work. In the struggle of the "century of the present" and "century of the past", the Famusov society wins only outwardly. Chatsky, one defending progressive ideas, broken by the "amount of old power", while he himself had a fatal blow to her - after all, the ideological opponents could not object to all of his critical comments and reproaches and though thinking would not have been thinking, they announced him crazy. Chatsky, according to Goncharov, refutes the Russian proverb: one in the field is not a warrior. Warrior, objects gonchars, if he is Chatsky, and the winner, but at the same time the victim.

So, "grief from the mind" - extremely meaningful work of fiction. The comedy is saturated with a specific vital material of the Griboedovsky era, reflects the political struggle of his time, the struggle between the advanced part of the nobility and the oblique majority. The playwright raised the most important social problems in a small play (about the fortress right, on the appointment of the noble service, about patriotism, about education, education, family relationship In the noble environment, etc.), presented opposite points of view on these problems.

Serious and multi-standard content determined the genre peculiarity of the work - public (ideological) satirical comedy, that is, a high comedy. The importance of the "grief from the mind" social problems It becomes clear when comparing this work with other plays of the same time, for example, with popular household comedies I.A. Krylova "Lesson daughters", "French shop".

Griboedov wrote a plays for two years (1822-1824). Since Alexander Sergeevich served as a diplomat and was considered influential personHe expected that his creation would easily pass censorship soon would be a full-fledged performance. However, soon he understood: the comedies "no pass". I managed to publish only fragments (in 1825 in the Almana "Russian Waist"). The entire text of the play was published a lot later, in 1862. First theatrical performance held in 1831. However, in handwritten lists (samizdat of that time), the book spread rapidly and became very popular among the reading public.

Feature comedy

The theater is the most conservative type of art, so at the time how romanticism and realism developed in the literature, classicism still dominated on the scene. Griboedov's play combines the features of all three directions: "Woe from the mind" in the form of a classic work, but realistic dialogues and issues related to the realities of the 19th century Russia bring it closer to realism, and romantic hero (Chatsky) and the conflict of this hero with society is a characteristic opposition for romanticism. How are classic canon, romantic motifs and a common realistic installation for vitality are combined in "grief from the mind"? The author was able to harmoniously so much contradictory components together due to the fact that he was brilliantly formed by the standards of his time, he often traveled around the world and read in other languages, so I absorbed new literary trends before other playwrights. He did not rotate among the writers, served in a diplomatic mission, and therefore his consciousness was free from many stereotypes that prevented the authors to experiment.

The drama genre "Mount from Wit". Comedy or drama?

Griboedov believed that "grief from the mind" is a comedy, but since it is very developed by tragic and dramatic elements, the play can not be attributed exclusively to the comedy genre. First of all, you need to pay attention to the finals of the work: it is tragic. Today it is customary to determine the "grief from the mind", as a drama, but in the 19th century there was no such separation, therefore it was called a "high comedy" by analogy with a high and lowest Lomonosov's castle. In this formulation, a contradiction is concluded: only a tragedy can be "high", and the default "low" shtail comedy. The play was not unambiguous and typical, it broke out of the existing theater and literary cliches, so it was as high as contemporaries and the current generation of readers.

Conflict. Composition. Problems

The play traditionally allocate two types of conflict: Private (love drama) and public (opposition of old and new time, "Famovsky society" and Chatsky). Since this work partially refers to romanticism, we can argue that the play has a romantic personality conflict (Chatsky) and society (Famovovsky society) in the play.

One of the strict canons of classicism is the unity of action, which involves the causal relationship between events and episodes. In the "grief from the mind" this connection is already substantially weakened, the viewer and reader seems that nothing significant happens: the heroes go there here, talk, that is, the external effect is quite monotonous. However, the dynamics and drama are laid in the dialogues of the heroes, the play must first of all listen to to catch the tension of what is happening and the meaning of the production.

The peculiarity of the composition is that it is built on the canons of classicism, the number of acts does not coincide with it.

If the comedies of writers of the late 18th - early 19th century were given separate defects, then Satira Griboyedov fell into the entire conservative way of life, soaked with these vices. Ignorance, careerism, soldier, cruelty and bureaucratic cosiness - all this realities Russian Empire. Moskovskaya Barzness with his ostentatious Puritan morality and unprincipledness in affairs represents Magazov, a stupid military careerism and a stortable consciousness - the rocks, the waters and the hypocrisy of the officials - Molchanin. Thanks episodic characters The viewer and reader get acquainted with all the types of "Famovsky society" and see that their cohesion is the result of solidarity of vicious people. The many-sided and print clics absorbed all vulgarity, lies and stupidity, which society got used to worship and infer. Characters not only on stage, but also for the scene, mentioned in replicas acting persons (Legislator of Mravov Princess Marya Alekskna, the writer of the "nonsense of exemplary" Thomas Fomich, the influential and almighty Tatyana Yuryevna and others).

Meaning and innovation of the play "Woe from Wit"

In the play, which the author himself considered a comedy, oddly enough, the most actual problems of the period were covered: the injustice of the serfdom, an imperpose state office, ignorance, the problem of education, etc. Also, Griboedov turned on, it would seem, at entertainment work, pressing disputes about guest houses, jury, censorship and institutes.

Moral aspects that are no less important for playwright, give rise to humanistic pathos of the work. The author shows how under the press "Famovsky Society" is dying top Qualities In man. For example, Molchanin is not deprived positive qualitiesBut forced to live according to the laws of Famusov and the like, otherwise he will never succeed. That is why "grief from the mind" occupies a special place in Russian drama: it reflects real conflicts and non-immune life circumstances.

The composition of the drama is designed in classic style: compliance with three units, the presence of large monologues, speaking surnames acting persons, etc. The content is realistic, so the performance is still with alloculating in many theaters of Russia. Heroes do not personify one vice or one virtue, as was customary in classicism, they are versatilely developed by the author, their characters are not deprived of both negative and positive qualities. For example, critics are often called a chanty fool or too impulsive hero. Sophia is not to blame for the fact that during his long absence, loved the one who was near, and the Chatsky immediately offended, jealous and hysterically refuses everything around just because his loved one forgot. Hot-tempered and narrow character does not paint the main character.

It is worth noting colloquial Pieces, where every hero has speech turns characteristic. This idea was complicated by the fact that the work is written in verses (by a different way of jack), but Griboedov managed to recreate the effect of a relaxed conversation. Already in 1825, Writer V.F. Odoyevsky claimed: "" Almost all verses of Comedy Griboyedov became proverbs, and I often happened to hear in society, whose whole conversations most They made poems from "grief from the mind". "

It is worth noting speaking surnames in the "Mount of Mind": For example, "Molchanin" means a hidden and hypocritical nature of the hero, "Scalosub" - an inverted word "deordares", meaning the Ham's behavior in society.

Why is the comedy of Griboedov "Woe from Wit" now readable?

Currently, people often use Griboedov quotes, without knowing it. Phraseologisms "Fresh legend, and hard with difficulty", " happy watches do not observe "," and the smoke of the Fatherland to us sweet and pleasant "- all these winged phrases familiar to everyone. The play is still relevant due to the light aphoristic copyright style of Griboyedov. He was one of the first to write a drama in the present Russian, which people say and think so far. Heavy and pompous lexicon of his time was not remembered to contemporary, but the innovative syllable of Griboedov found his place in the language memory of the Russian people. Is it possible to call the play "grief from the mind" relevant in the 21st century? Yes, if only because we speak his quotes in everyday life.

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When analyzing the comedy "grief from the mind", the genre of the work and his definition causes a lot of difficulties. Being an innovative, the comedy "grief from the mind" A.S. Griboedov destroyed and rejected many principles of classicism. Like traditional classic Piese"Woe from the mind" is basically a love intrigue. However, in parallel with it develops public conflict. Here questions raise bribery, kindness, hypocrisy, contempt for the mind and education, careerism. Therefore, it is not possible to clearly designate a kind of comedy "grief from the mind." It is intertwined by the features and comedies of characters, and household comedy, and public satire.

Often, there are even disputes about whether the comedy is "grief from the mind." How determines the genre of the plays "grief from the mind" of its creator? Griboedov called his creation comedy in verse. But it main character Not at all comed. Nevertheless, "grief from the mind" has all signs of the comedy: there are comic characters and comic situations in which they fall. For example, Sophia, caught by the father in the room with silence, says that the secretary Famusov turned out to be there by chance: "She walked into the room, got into another." Stupid jokes of the rockozub demonstrate his inner limitity, despite the external solidity: "I did not serve with her." Comic is the inconsistency of the opinion of the characters about himself and the fact that they are actually. For example, in the first action, Sophia calls the cliffsube stupid, says that in a conversation he cannot link two words. The scalosis itself says so: "Yes, so that the ranks get, there are many channels, about them as a true philosopher I judge."

Contemporaries called the "Woe from Wit" play high comedyBecause it is raised by serious moral and public problems.

However, the traditional possibilities of this genre were not able to fully solve creative banner Writer. Therefore, Griboedov introduces significant adjustments to the traditional understanding of the comedy.

First, Griboedov violates the unity of action. Two equal conflicts appear in his play for the first time: Love and Social. In addition, in the classicism, a virtue must be defeated in the defiator of the virtue. In the play "Mount from the mind" does not happen. Chatsky, if not defeated, then forced to retreat, as he is in the minority and has no chance of winning.

Secondly, the approach to the characters comedy changes. Griboedov makes them more realistic, refusing the traditional division on positive and negative heroes. Each character here, as in life, is endowed with both positive and negative qualities.

You can also talk about the presence of elements in the play. dramatic genre. Chatsky is not only not ridiculous, he is also experiencing soulful drama. Being three years abroad, he came to meet with Sofia, built a happy future in dreams with her. But Sophia is cold former beloved. She is passionate about silent. Not only did the hopes of Chatsky in love were not justified, he also feels superfluous in the Magazine Society, where only money and ranks are appreciated. Now he is forced to realize that it is forever torn off from people, among whom was raised, from the house in which he grown.

Personal drama is experiencing Sophia. She was sincerely in love with Molchanlin, Ryano defended him before Chatsky, found in it positive featuresBut it turned out to be brutally devoted to his beloved. Molchanin was with her only from respect to her father.

Thus, the genre of the originality of "grief from the mind" is that the play is a mixture of several genres, leading of which is a genre of a public comedy.

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