Features and signs of fairy tales. Signs of magical fairy tales

Objectives:complete interest:

To determine the signs and features of the magic fairy tale;

To actualize knowledge:

About the concept: "Magic assistants", "Magic Items", "Troektnaya Reints".

To actualize the skill:

Work with the text of the fairy tale.

Disclose the meaning of the word "sign", "features", and use them in an active dictionary;

Correlate the content of the proverb and the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe fairy tale;

Identify signs and features of the magic fairy tale and justify your opinion;

To compare fairy tales taking into account the signs and features magic fairy tales and issue results in the table;

Adequately interact with the partner in the framework of the training dialogue;

Perform mutual and mutualization when performing a learning job.

Planned results.

Show interest in the content and heroes of magical fairy tales;

Consciously use in the speech of the concept of "signs" and "features";

Identify signs and features of the magic fairy tale and justify your opinion;

Work with the content of magical fairy tales;

Find signs and features of the magic fairy tale and issue results in the work sheet;

Adequately interact with the partner in the framework of the training dialogue when working in groups;

Equipment: Computer, Interactive Board.

Structure occupation

Guest welcome, motivation of children to actively participate in the lesson.

Look at each other, smile to each other and wish a good day!

What works of oral folk creativity are you familiar? (Support, fairy tale, proverb ... ..)

In the hands of a teacher "Knowledge chest" from which the names of the card go. (.......)

On the board, the table "works of oral folk creativity"And filled as they are called. (Appendix 1. Applications)

Listen to Ozhegov's vocabulary to our lesson.

- "The narrative, usually people's poetic work on fictional persons and events, mainly with the participation of magical, fantastic forces."

Determine what product of oral folk creativity will be discussed at the lesson? (About the fairy tale)

Right. We will talk today about the fairy tale. Slide 1. Presentation

What kinds of fairy tales do you know? The table "Tyives" is posts on the board. Filled as they name.

(Appendix 2)

Listen to the excerpt from the fairy tale ("Teremok"). (Appendix 3)

What is this fairy tale called?

Determine what kind of fairy tales can be attributed to the tale of tale? (About animals)

Prove your answer. (Animals - actors, chainform - repetition of episode, poetic songs, reproduction of the same action).

Listen to another passage. ("Porridge from the ax"). (Appendix 4)

What is this fairy tale called?

What kind of fairy tales does it applies? (Domestic).

Prove. ( Real world People, extraordinary resourcefulness, dialogue, two worlds and rich and poor, worker and barin, soldiers and general).

Listen to another passage.

What is this fairy tale called? ("Princess Frog"). (Appendix 5)

And what kind of fairy tales can be attributed to this fairy tale? (Children express their hypotheses that are recorded on tuchka sheets and hang on the board).

Why did you get different hypotheses? (Lack of facts)

What do we do not know? (Signs and features of the magic fairy tale).

What is the question of the lesson will look for an answer? (Students rely on "keys-assistants", formulate the question of lesson.) (Appendix 6)

What signs and features are the magic fairy tale? The question is recorded by a teacher on a sheet of paper and hangs on the board.

What should I do to answer the question of the lesson?

I suggest you work in groups with a famous Russian folk fairy tale "Tsarevna-Frog".

I propose to work in groups and find an answer to the question of the lesson. Each group receives a task.

(Appendix 7)

Remember the rules of work in the group. Students read an excerpt from the fairy tale and fill the working sheets, write down the withdrawal of their work.

A job in groups is given 10-15 minutes. As the work is done, the group posts its number on the board, defining the order of protection of its work.

Fizkultminutka. Slide 3.

Each group goes to the board in turn and protects its work. The remaining students fill the final table on the topic "Magic fairy tales". (Appendix 8)

1 Group, 2 Group, 3 Group, 4 Group

In order. The facts obtained by children are hanging out and voiced under the concept of "magic fairy tales".

We return to the question of the lesson. We read it. "What signs and features are the magic fairy tale?".

A sheet of paper is posted on which a generalization formulated by the teacher is written.

"The magic fairy tale is a fairy tale in which there are the following features and signs: stained, taking a triple repetimate, tie, development, culmination, ending, fabulous heroes, magic subjects, Magic transformations. "

Return to your hypothesis. Who true suggested signs and features of a magical fairy tale. These hypothesis are postponed to generalize. What features and signs of the magic fairy tale did you manage to open today at the lesson?

I propose to make a synkievine. Explain the meaning of this word. Theme "Fairy Tale".

Sinwen is written by a teacher on a sheet of paper from the words of students. Reading students.

Magic, mysterious,

Tells, fascinates, says

The fairy tale is a lie, yes there is a hint of good wellms lesson.)

The game will complete today's lesson. "I'm glad (a) that I am a fairy tale magic, because ...". Students list the signs and features of the magic fairy tale, summing up the lesson.

The teacher distributes in advance the magic items "arrows" of three colors: Red - did not care, green - I understood, not to the end, yellow - everything is clear, everything worried. Each schoolboy chooses the subject that the mood - he received the attitude from the lesson, hangs "shoots" on a leaf of the pita. Those who wish can voice their opinion. (Appendix 9).

7 stage. (Homework)

The teacher invites children to find magic fairy tales. Read them and fill the work sheet "Analysis of the Magic Fairy Tale". (Appendix 10).

Classification of fairy tales. Specific traits Each type

The most important ideas, the main problem, plot rods and - the main thing - the alignment of the forces exercising good and evil, in fact, are one in fairy tales of different nations. In this sense, any tale does not know borders, it is for all mankind.

Folklirism devoted a lot of studies to the fairy tale, but it still remains an open problem as one of the genres of oral folk creativity. Inhomogeneity of fairy tales, an extensive thematic range, a variety of motives and characters, in them prisoners, the uncountable number of ways to resolve conflicts really make a task genre definition Fairy tales are very complex.

Still, the discrepancy in the views on the fairy tale is associated with the fact that it is regarded in it as the main one: the installation for fiction or the desire to reflect reality through fiction.

The essence and vitality of the fairy tale, the mystery of her magical being in a constant combination of two elements of meaning: fantasies and truth.

On this basis, the classification of fairy tale species arises, although not quite uniform. So, with a problem-thematic approach, fairy tales dedicated to animals, fairy tales about unusual and supernatural events, adventure fairy tales, socially domestic, tales, anecdotes, fairy tales, and others.

There are no sharply outlined borders of a group of fairy tales, but despite the pity of the distinction, such a classification allows you to start a substantive conversation about fairy tales in the framework of the conditional "system" - which, of course, facilitates the work of parents and the educator.

To date, the following classification of Russians has been adopted. folk fairy tales:

1. Tales of animals;

2. Magic fairy tales;

3. Household fairy tales.

Consider more each of the types.

Fairy tales about animals

Folk poetry hugged the whole world, its object was not only a person, but also all alive on the planet. Depicting animals, the fairy tale gives them human traitsBut at the same time fixes and characterizes the habits, "lifestyle", etc. Hence alive, intense text of fairy tales.

The man has long felt the relationship with nature, he really was her particle, struggling with her, looking for her protection, sympathizing and understanding. Obvious and later brought to the fastened, the parable meaning of many fairy tales about animals.

In fairy tales of animals, fish, beasts, birds, they talk to each other, declare war on each other, put together. At the heart of such fairy tales lies totemism (faith in the totem beast, the patron saint), which lied to the crop of the animal. For example, a bear who became the hero of fairy tales, according to the ideas of the ancient Slavs, could predict the future. Often he thought as a scary beast, a vengeful, not a good resentment (the fairy tale "Bear"). The further the faith leaves what the person becomes more confident in his abilities, the possibility of his power over the animals, "victory" over him. This happens, for example, in the fairy tales "Many and Bear", "Bear, Dog and Cat". Fairy tales differ significantly from the belief of animals - in the latter, big role Plays fiction associated with paganism. Wolf in believing wise and cunning, the bear is terrible. The fairy tale loses its dependence on paganism, becomes a mockery of animals. Mythology in it goes into art. The fairy tale is transformed into a peculiar artistic joke - criticizing those creatures that are meant by animals. From here - the proximity of such fairy tales to the fables ("Fox and crane", "beasts in the pit").

Tales of animals stand out in a special group by nature acting persons. They are divided by animal types. Fairy tales of plants, inanimate nature (frost, sun, wind) are adjacent here, about objects (bubble, straw, lap).

In fairy tales of animals man:

1) Playing secondary role (the old man from the fairy tale "Lisa is stealing fish from the war");

2) occupies an equivalent to the animal (a man from the fairy tale "old bread-salt is forgotten").

Possible classification of animal fairy tales.

First of all, the tale of animals is classified according to the main character (thematic classification). Such a classification is provided in the pointer fabulous scenes The world folklore compiled by Arne-Thomson and in the "comparative scene index. East Slavic fairy tale":

1. Wild animals.

Other wild animals.

2. Wild and pets

3. Man and wild animals.

4. Pets.

5. Birds and fish.

6. Other animals, items, plants and phenomena of nature.

The following possible classification of animal fairy tales is a structural-semantic classification that classifies a fairy tale by genre sign. In the fairy tale about animals there are several genres. V. Ya. Prippet allocated such genres as:

1. Cumulative fairy tale of animals.

3. Bass (apologist)

4. Satirical fairy tale

E. A. Kostyukhin allocated genres about animals as:

1. Comic (household) Tale of animals

2. Magic fairy tale about animals

3. Cumulative animal fairy tale

4. Novelistic fairy tale of animals

5. Apologist (Basnya)

6. Anecdote.

7. Satyrian animal fairy tale

8. Legends, legends, household stories about animals

9. Nonbylitsy

Proppet, the basis of its classification of the fairy tale about animals by genre, tried to put a formal sign. The costume, the basis of its classification, partly put a formal sign, but mostly the researcher shares the genres of fairy tale on the animals in content. This allows you to deeper the diverse material of the fairy tale about animals, which demonstrates a variety of structural buildings, motley styles, wealth of content.

The third possible classification of fairy tale about animals is classification on the basis of the target audience. Highlight animal fairy tales on:

1. Children's fairy tales.

Tales tales told for children.

Fairy tales tales told by children.

2. Adult fairy tales.

One or another genre of fairy tale about animals has its own target audience. Modern Russian tale of animals mainly belongs to the children's audience. Thus, tales tales told for children have a simplified structure. But there is a genre of fairy tale about animals, which will never be addressed to children - this is meant. "Naughty" ("cherished" or "pornographic") fairy tale.

About twenty plots of fairy tales about animals - it cumulative fairy tales. The principle of such a composition consists in repeated repetition of the plot unit. Thompson, S., Bolt, Y. and Polyvka, I., Prippet allocated fairy tales with a cumulative composition into a special group of fairy tales. Cumulative (cling-shaped) composition distinguish:

1. With infinite repetition:

Restrain fairy tales like "about white bull".

The text of the text is included in another text ("Popa had a dog").

2. With finite repetition:

- "Pink" - the units of the plot into the chain are growing until the chain breaks.

- "Cockerel stifled" - there is a divided circuit, until the chain breaks.

- "For the rag of the opener" - the previous unit of text is denied in the next episode.

Other genro Form Fairy tales about animals is the structure of the magic fairy tale ("Wolf and Seven Cats", "Cat, Rooster and Fox").

The leading place in fairy tales about animals is occupied by comic fairy tales - about animal trains ("Lisa stealing fish with a sled (from the war)," Wolf in the corrup "," Lisa is deceiving his head with a test (sour cream), "Bitted Nebitant lucky", "Lisa-obstone "Both), which affect other fabulous genres of animal epic, especially at the apologist (fastener). The plot core of the comic fairy tale about animals make up a random meeting and a trick (deception, according to proppap). Sometimes combine several meetings and tricks. The hero of the comic fairy tale is Trixter (one who makes tricks). The main trickster of the Russian fairy tale - Fox (in the world epic - hare). Its victims are usually wolf and a bear. It is noticed that if the fox acts against the weak, it loses, if against strong - wins. It comes from archaic folklore. IN modern fairy tale The victory and defeat of the triker often gets a moral assessment. The trikester in the fairy tale is opposed to the dysfil. They may be a predator (wolf, bear), and man, and an animal-space, like a hare.

A significant part of the fairy tales of animals is occupied by an apologist (fable), in which not comic start, but moralizing, moralizing. At the same time, the apologist does not have to have morality in the form of the ending. Morality follows from the plot situations. Situations should be unambiguous to easily form moral conclusions. Typical examples of Apollast are fairy tales, where there is a clash of contrasting characters (who is a cowardly hare?; Old bread-salt is forgotten; Zanoza in the lapse of the Bear (Lion). A apologist can also be considered such plots that have been known in the literary basin with ancient times (Fox and Sour grapes; Crow and Fox and many others). Apologist - relatively late form of fairy tales about animals. Time when moral norms have already decided and find out for themselves a suitable form. In the fairy tales of this type, only a few plots with trickster tricks were transformed, part of the plots Apollast (not without affecting the literature) has developed himself. The third path of development of apolog is the growing of Palevia (proverbs and sayings. But unlike Palevia, in an apologist, allegory is not only rational, but also sensitive.

Next to the apologist is the so-called Novelistic Tale of Animals, allocated by E. A. Kostyuchin. The novel in the animal fairy tale is a story about unusual cases with a rather developed intrigue, with sharp turns in the fate of the heroes. The trend towards moralization determines the fate of the genre. It has a more definite morality than in the apologist, the comic start is muffled, or completely removed. Naughty comic fairy tale about animals is replaced in the novel in the new content - entertaining. Classic example Novelistic fairy tales about animals are "grateful beasts". Most of the plots of folk novel about animals add up in the literature, and then go to folklore. The lung transition of these plots is related to the fact that literary scenes fold on a folk basis.

Speaking about satire in fairy tales about animals, I must say that the literature has once gave impetus to the development of a satirical fairy tale. Condition for the appearance of a satirical fairy tale occurs in late Middle Ages. The effect of satirical B. folklore fairy tale It is achieved by the fact that social terminology (fox confessor; cat and wild animals) is invested in the mouth of animals. A mansion is the plot of "Ershovich", which is a fairy tale of book origin. Late appearing in the folk tale of Satira in it did not fix it, since in a satirical fairy tale it is easy to remove social terminology.

So in the XIX century, the satirical fairy tale is unpopular. Satira inside the fairy tale about animals is only an emphasis in an extremely minor group of animal plots. And on satyrian fairy tale influenced the laws of an animal fairy tale with trikerstera. The satirical sound was preserved in fairy tales, where in the center of the Trikster, and where it was the complete Nelpian about what was happening, then the fairy tale became an unprecedented.

Magic fairy tales

Magic type fairy tales include magic, adventure, heroic. Based on such fairy tales is a wonderful world. Wonderful world is a subject, fantastic, unlimited world. Thanks to unlimited fiction and the wonderful principle of the organization of material in fairy tales with wonderful world There is a possible "transformation", striking by its speed (the children are growing not by day, but by the hour, every day more and more becomes). Not only the speed of the process is irred, but also his own character (from the fairy tale "Snow Maiden". "Look, at the Snow Maiden lips, the lips have opened. The snow shook off and left the snowdrift of a living girl." "Appeal" in the fairy tales of the wonderful type As a rule, they occur with the help of magic beings or items.

Mostly magical fairy tales of the oldest others, they carry traces primary acquaintance man with peace surrounding it.

The magic fairy tale is based on a complex composition, which has an exposure, violin, the development of the plot, culmination and junction.

The plot of the magic fairy tale is the story of overcoming the loss or shortage, with the help of wonderful funds, or magic assistants. In the exposition of the fairy tales there are stable 2 generations - the older (king with the queen, etc.) and the youngest - Ivan with brothers or sisters. Also in the exposure there is an older seduction. The reinforced form of the ability is the death of parents. The tape of the fairy tale is that the main character Or the heroine detect the loss or shortage or here the present motives of the ban, prohibition violations and the subsequent misfortune. Here is the beginning of the opposition, i.e. Sending a hero from the house.

The development of the plot is the search for lost or missing.

The culmination of the magic fairy tale is that the protagonist, or the heroine fight against the opposing force and always win it (the equivalent of battles is the solidification of difficult tasks that always solve).

An isolation is to overcome the loss, or shortage. Typically, the hero (heroine) at the end "reaches" - that is, it becomes more social statusWhat he had at the beginning.

V.Ya. Proppet reveals the monotony of a magic fairy tale in a plot level in a purely syntagmatic plan. It opens the invariance of a set of functions (acts of acting persons), a linear sequence of these functions, as well as a set of roles, in a famous way Distributed between specific characters and correlated with functions. Functions are distributed among seven characters:

Antagonist (pest),

Donor

Assistant

Princes or her father

Sender

False hero.

Meltelli, highlighting five groups of magical fairy tales, trying to resolve the issue historical Development Genre in general, and plots in particular. In the fairy tale there are some motives typical of thenest myths. It is absolutely obvious the mythological origin of a universally common magic fairy tale about marriage with a wonderful "table" creature, temporarily dropping the animal shell and adopted a human appearance ("the husband is looking for a disheveled or abducted wife (the wife is looking for her husband)", "Tsarevna-Frog", " The Scarlet Flower"And others). A fairy tale of a visit to other worlds for the liberation of prisoners there (" Three underground kingdom"And dr.). Popular fairy tales about the group of children falling into power evil spirit, monsters, cannibal and saving due to the resourcefulness of one of them ("Witch's Boy" and others), or about the murder of a mighty snake - a chtonic demon ("Snake Winner" and others). In the magic fairy tale is actively being developed family topic (Cinderella and others). The wedding for a magical fairy tale becomes a symbol of compensation for socially disadvantaged ("Sivko-Bourko"). Socially disadvantaged hero ( younger brother, stepdaughter, fool) At the beginning of a fairy tale, endowed with all negative characteristics From the side of his environment, it is endowed at the end of beauty and mind ("Cracker-Gorbok"). A highlighted group of fairy tales about wedding tests, draws attention to the narration of personal destinies. The eullestic theme in the magic fairy tale is no less interesting than the Bogatyr. Proppary classifies the genre of a magic fairy tale in the presence of a major test "Battle - Victory" or by the presence of a "difficult task - a solution of a difficult task." The fairy tale household was the logical development of the magic fairy tale.

Household fairy tales

The characteristic admission of household fairy tales becomes reproducing in them everyday life. The conflict of the household fairy tale is often the fact that decency, honesty, nobility under mask of rusticity and naivety opposes those qualities of personality, which have always caused a sharp rejection in the people (greed, evil, envy).

As a rule, in household fairy tales more than irony and self-irony, since good triumphs, but accentuated the accident or one of his victory.

Characteristic of household fairy tales: socio-domestic, satyric-domestic, new elestist and others. In contrast to the magical fairy tales, the household fairy tale contains a more significant element of social and moral criticism, it is definitely in its public preferences. Praise and condemnation in domestic fairy tales sound stronger.

IN lately in methodical literature Information about the new type of fairy tales began to appear - about fairy tales mixed type. Of course, the fairy tales of this type exist for a long time, but they were not given muchSince they forgot how much they can help achieve educational, educational and developing goals. In general, mixed type fairy tales are a tale of a transition type.

They combine signs inherent in both fairy tales with a wonderful world, household fairy tales. Elements of wonderful in the form of magical items are also manifested, around which the main action is grouped.

Tale B. different forms And scales seeks to embody the ideal of human existence.

Fairy tale fairy tales in the intrinsicness of noble human qualities, the uncompromising preference of good is based in the same way and on the appeal to wisdom, activity, to genuine humanity.

Fairy tales expand the horizons, awaken the interest in the life and creativity of the peoples, bring up a sense of confidence in all inhabitants of our land, engaged in honest labor.

"Tales of Brothers Grimm" - Big hall Libraries. The birthday of the Grimme family was the land of Hessen. The death of his father and aunt strongly affected Jacob and Wilhelm. FROM early years The first joint lessons of Jacob and Wilhelm began. Porch pot. I could hardly go to primary school. In 1783 he married Dorothea Tzimmer, originating from the family of lawyers.

"The lesson on the fairy tales of Pushkin" is awarding. Tymoshenko Nadezhda Anatolyevna, teacher primary classes. Say ... trough. 3. Apple. 4. Bunny. 5. Month. 6. Swan. Learn from what line, continue. Victor's lesson for fairy tales A. S. Pushkin. 1. Ship. 2. Kalinovskaya primary School. Learn a fairy tale by words. Learn a fairy tale in the drawing.

"G.H.andersen Fairy Tales" - Medal of the Gha Premium. Sculptor Dane Edward Eriksen. Since childhood, wrote plays. Monument to the mermaid. Son shoemaker. Andersen about himself. Andersen in Copenhagen. Monuments G.-H. Hans Christian Andersen. Danish writer. Hans Christian Andersen Author Award) And artists-illustrators (eng. Hans Christian Andersen Award for Illustration).

"Storeroom Sun" - on whose side the author? I do not agree with the opinion ... I think otherwise ... the moral essence of the relationship of Nastya and Mitra. Mitra and Nastya. TETEREV-KOSAH. Bludovo swamp. MM Prishvin "Storeroom Sun". Spruce and pine. In my opinion ... Unlike ... it seems to me ... I'm closer to me ... Express your opinion.

"Fairy Tale lesson" - in my head of my sawdust, but sculptures and cribs (as well as the crochets, puffles and even the rims and so on) I compose good and-legs-yes! Well done! Generalization lesson. Yeah! Here I am, here! I am a man in the very primestream, I can not say anything else.

"Victorina for fairy tales" - K. Chukovsky. What's your name? Fox Alisa. Y. Morizz. Wise old man. Ilya Muromets. Wise Virgo. Svyatogor. Bat mouse. Can I land here for a minute? What is the name of the work, the passage of which you look? Listen to the excerpt of the work. Connect illustration with title of works. Excellent, continue the conversation.

Total in the subject of 32 presentations

Magic fairy tales.This is the most popular and most beloved Genre. Magic they are called because everything is happening in her story fantastic and significantly: In such a fairy tale, there is a central positive hero. It struggles with evil and injustice, wizards and magic items help him. As examples, Russian folk tales about Ivan-Tsarevich can be brought.

The danger seems to be particularly strong, since. main opponents- villa Neodai, representatives supernatural dark forces: Snake Gorynych, Baba Yaga, Koschey Immortal. Having won the victory over the evil, the hero confirms his high Human Beginning, Proximity to Light Forces of Nature. In the struggle, he becomes even stronger and wiser, acquires new friends and receives a complete right of happiness - to the satisfaction of small listeners.

Character in magical fairy tales always media of certain moral qualities. The hero of the most popular magic fairy tales - Ivan-Tsarevich. He helps many, animals and birds that are grateful to him, and in turn, help him, brothers who often try to destroy him. It is presented in fairy tales as folk hero embodiment higher moral qualities - courage, honesty, kindness. He is young, handsome, smart and strong. it type of bold and strong heroes.

Russian people are characterized by the consciousness that a person is always found in its path with life difficultiesAnd his good actions he will definitely overcome. Hero endowed with such qualities as kindness, generosity, honesty Deeply sympathized by the Russian people.

Under such a hero female images "Elena is beautiful, Vasilisa Revinda, Tsar-Maiden, Marya-Morrevna." They are beautifulthat "neither in a fairy tale, nor to describe", and at the same time possess magic, mind and courage. These "wise Virgin" help Ivan-Tsarevich run from the sea king, to find Koshcheyev death, Perform unbearable tasks. Fabulous heroines perfect way protect folk ideas About feminine beauty, kindness, wisdom .

Opposed the main characters characters sharply negative - Cunning, envious, cruel. Most often it is a blasphemy immortal, Baba Yaga, snake about three-nine heads, famously one-eyed. They are monstrous and ugly outwardly, insidious, cruel in confrontation with the forces of light and good. The higher the price of the victory of the main character.

IN difficult Minutes For the help of the chief hero come assistants. These are either magic animals (Squa-Burk, Pike, Gray Wolf, Golden Slices), or good old women, wonderful units, silica, walkers, boring fungi. Wonderful items are distinguished by a large variety of: a carpet aircraft, boots, swords, a touch-based self-banner, invisible hat, live and dead water. Escape from persecution, the hero throws the scallop - and gets up dense forest; Towel, handkerchief turns into a river or in the lake.

Fantastic world The three kingdom, the thirty state is multilight, filled with a lot of wounds: Milk rivers with fermented rivers flow, gold apples grow in the garden, "Paradish birds sing daefings.

Magic fairy tale differs many stylistic techniques of other genres Folklore. Here and permanent epithetspeculiar lyrical song ("Horse", "forests dense", "Grass silk", "Sugar's mouth"), and epic hyperbolas ("Runs - the earth trembles, from the nostrils smoke, from the ears of the flame pyshet"), and parallelism: "Meanwhile, a sorceress came and brought damage to the queen: Alyonushka had done a patient, but such a thin yes pale. On the royal yard, everything is knocked out; Flowers in the garden began to wither, trees to dry, faded grass. "

Classes, traditional inspired, ending. Them purpose - self Fairy tale from everyday life. "In some kingdom, in some state," "lived, there were the most characteristic inspired of the Russian fairy tale. The ending, like the surcharge, is usually comic, it is rhythmized, rhymed, is pronounced by typule. Often, the storyteller ended his story with a description of the Pera: "They arranged a feast to the whole world, and I was there, honey, drinking a drink, flowed across the mustam, and did not fall into my mouth." Obviously listeners children's age Such a surcharge is addressed: "Here is a fairy tale, and I bagel bucks."

Every people have their own fabulous epic. The fairy tale is one of the oldest types of verbal art. It contains the vitality and social philosophy of the people, which is determined by his life, history. "The fairy tale is a narrative, usually the people's poetic work on fictional persons and events, mainly with the participation of magical, fantastic forces." It represents one of their genres of folklore or literature.

Exceptionally great artistic importance Russian folk fairy tale. Fairy tale as a product of oral folk creativity absorbed national traits Russian people. Its national specificity is reflected in the language, the details of the life, the nature of the description of the landscapes. She fully recreates the way of Russian life.

Already in Ancient Russia the people himself allocated a fairy tale like special genre Oral poetry, distinguishing it with a legend, legend and myth.

The tale in Russia has long been one of the favorite and popular types of folklore among the people. It was simple and understood, close to every person. The fairy tales showed a spiritual peculiarity of the Russian people, his perception of the surrounding world, his worldview.

Being one of the genres of Folklore, the fairy tale reveals philosophy, ethics and aesthetics of the people. It has the most noted national cultural specificity. Tale is a tool moral education Personality, example of human virtues.

Russian folk tales - an inexhaustible source of wisdom of the people who have imprinted its ideals and aspirations in it. They keep in themselves the knowledge and experience of the people, wearing moral and educational, instructive nature. Russian folk fairy tales are repository of popular consciousness. They are imbued with a deep faith due to good and justice, in the victory of the moral principle in man.

Of particular interest are Russian folk tales from the point of view of their stylistic specificity. Not only their content, but also stylistic features Text serve as a means of moral education of the reader.

Widely used in Russian folk fairy tales of words having emotional and stylistic coloring. Thus, it is characteristic of the use of Diminutives, that is, "words with affix that attach the value of the dimension." To accurately display the assessment of items and phenomena of reality in Russian folk fairy tales, diminitious affixes are used: brother, teremok, "Petushok-Gold Grab", "Tinch-Havroshchka", "Sagittarius-well done". Their basic function is to give rise to smoothness, emotionality, observance. So, in the fairy tale "Sister Alynushka and Brother Ivanushka" in the title of four times the names of the nouns have been used, having a diminutive and lascaling value. They not only reflect the author's subjective assessment to the heroes, but also carry an emotional aspect.

Often in Russian fairy tales used brief, truncated forms of adjectives. Today, although a brief form of adjectives and exists, it becomes less and less used. The fairy tales are the source of numerous examples of using such adjectives ("Krasno Maiden", "Good Mother", "Red Sun", "Sina Sea"). They give a speech special figurative and expressiveness. Often they are used in them brief forms The verbs ("hug" instead grabbed, "read" instead of going).

For Russian folk fairy tales, the use of emotional-expressive vocabulary is characterized, allowing to express a positive or negative assessment of heroes and occurring events. So, if you read the fairy tales, the reader repeatedly meets with such expressions as "good well done", "Red Maiden", "Good horse", which explicitly show a positive attitude towards heroes.

One of the peculiarities of folk fairy tales is the widespread use of certain combinations of words, the same structures: "In some kingdom, for the thirteut of land - in the thirtieth of the state", "in trident kingdom"," Pier to the whole world "," Neither in a fairy tale, notice to describe "," Soon the fairy tale is affected, but it's no sooner doing "," Lie Live Little "," go where you look "," they became Live - wait and find enough. " Fairy tales are a reflection of the wealth of the speech of the people. Special narrative expressiveness is achieved through the use of various speech revolutions. For Russian folk fairy tales, the use of numerous epithets, metaphors that change the emotional painting of the work ("gilded carriage", "Red Sun", "Clear month", "mighty shoulders"). Along with them, metaphorical epithets are used ("sugar mouths", "Live / Dead Water"). In Russian fairy tales often used permanent epithets ("Krasno Maiden", "Good Well done", " grey Wolf"," Good horse "," purely field "," Beauty written ") and stable phrases (" I hung up lower shoulders, "" go where the eyes look "," Pier to the whole world ").

Prickitations in Russian folk fairy tales give narration special dynamics ("Sisters wanted to knock them down - the leaves of the eye fall asleep, they wanted to break - the bits of the braid broke").

Sophisticated useful style is rich in phraseologism. Many phraseologisms ("And I was there, honey beer drank", "the hut in the bitter legs", "the mismuneration", "Fox Patriyevna", "The fairy tale is a lie, and a hint", "It is said - done", "With the king of the pea," "neither in a fairy tale, nor the pen describe). Use of such phraseeological ropes It allowed to give a bright, accurate characteristic of the hero, logical, consistently set out his thoughts, to make it more emotional. So, in the Russian folk fairy tale "Gusi-Swans", the reader repeatedly meet such phraseological units, how to "fill in tears" ("she climbing him, tears was poured, lost that it would be bad from the father with his mother, - the brother did not respond"), "bad Glory "(" Here she guessed that they took her brother: there was a bad glory about geese-swans - that they were stuck, the little children were worn ")," neither is dead "(" The girl sits neither alive, nor dead, crying ... ").

In the text, fairy tales often encounter interdimensions, allowing the emotional state of heroes ("Ah, Ivan-Tsarevich, what you have done!").

The Russian folk fairy tales are typical of the use of such stylistic figures as anaphor (unity of), the syntax parallelism ("Elder brother launched an arrow. He fell on a boyars' boyars, and raised her boyars daughter. Middle brother was laughed - she flew the arrow to a rich merchant to the courtyard. Raised Her merchant daughter. Even the arrows of Ivan-Tsarevich - flew his arrow directly to the crucible swamp, and raised her frog-cake ... "), lexical repeats (" Hut, Hut, turn to the forest back, to me before! "), Presenting special dynamism, emphasizing the structural connection of two or three elements of the work style.

It is characteristic of Russian folk fairy tales. Use and such a stylistic figure of speech, as the default ("Ivan Ivan-Tsarevich's arrow - flew his arrow directly to the firing swamp, and raised her frog-cake ...", "ordered my father so that you baked to the morning. Caparaway bread ... "). The " stylistic reception, in which the expression of thought remains unfinished, is limited to the hint "allows you to transfer speech emotion, it assumes that the reader himself guesses the unspoken.

Building proposals without the use of unions allows you to achieve the effect of dynamicity, rapidness ("All guests smashed, dotted from their places", "Guests have been to drink, drink, have fun", "How guests got up from behind the table, the music began to play, began dancing"). Nezuzuzie in Russian folk fairy tales is used to enhance expression. The use of ashondon allows you to transfer the quick change of actions, the impressions of the heroes, paintings that serve as the background for what is happening.

In speech characters reflected the most characteristics vocabulary of spoken style. In Russian folk fairy tales, numerous outdated words, Archaisms (Tornynia), the surprise and spoken vocabulary (rushing, click, to pretend, wisdom, dance, coast). They are one of the most important components of vivic spoken Speech carriers literary language. Spatrical words are used as stylistic agent To give a speech of a joking, ironic shade. They are used in Russian folk fairy tales as expressive, expressive synonyms of the words of neutral vocabulary.

Thus, the genre features of Russian folk fairy tales used in them trails and stylistic figures Speech, give the narrative imagery and expressiveness, allow you to make the text of the fairy tale understandable and accessible to each reader.

Bibliography:

1. Afanasyev A. N. Folk Russian fairy tales. - 2nd ed., Again Peres. - M.: K. Soldatenkov, 1873. - KN. I-IV
2. Varbot Zh.zh., Zhuravlev A.F. A brief conceptual and terminological reference book on etymology and historical lexicology. - Russian Academy of Sciences: Institute of Russian Language. V.V. Vinogradova RAS, 1998. - 54 p.
3. Efremova T. New dictionary Russian language - M.: Russian, 2000.
4. Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language - 25th ed., Act. and add. - M.: LLC "Publishing House Oniks": LLC "Publishing House" Peace and Education ", 2006. - 976 p.