Bosch paintings where exhibited. Jerome Bosch
So, the number of originals, the cost of care beard, the scope of anniversary celebrations and other inconsistent things ...
It is said that the biography of Jerome Bosch - Mystery for 7 seals, its paintings - anthology of 7th mortal sins and another 777th prospectors, and to understand them adequately, no less than 7 spans in the forehead. Partly this is true. However, at the disposal of Arthiva there is some other numbers that shed light on life, creativity and posthumous glory of Bosch.
5 sons Bosha's grandfather, Jan Van Aquena. At least 4 of them (including the father of Jerome - Antonis Van Aquen, who deceased around 1478) became artists.
Not a single picture of Bosch It was not left in Hertohenbosa - the city in which the artist was born and died and who, most likely, never left.
Every 19th from the inhabitants Hertogenbosa in the time of Bosch belonged to one of the religious congregations, and Bosch himself was high-ranking (or they would say now, elite) a member of the Hertogen Bosse Brotherhood of Our Lady. That very, which has existed from 1318 and is now, and at the meetings of which is made to be a fried swan.
Not less than 14 documentsgiving an idea of financial position Jerome Van Aquen, who made the pseudonym "Bosch", is available to his biographers. He married a lot of older and far from the poor Aleit Goyartats van der Meerwene, the artist was never constrained in the means, and by the beginning of the XVI century, was listed by one of the richest inhabitants of the city.
None of the works of Bosch Not dated by the author himself.
No name of Pictures Bosch It does not belong to him. All names - and even the names of character characters are later descriptions and interpretations.
5 by 13 centimeters - The smallest of pictures-famous pictures, attributed Boshu. This is a "portrait of an old woman" from the Museum of Boismans Wang Bengenna in Rotterdam. However, the researchers tend to think that it is rather an independent portrait, but only a fragment of some of the obsolete works. The female profile is reminded by a monk with another famous Louis picture of Bosch, so it is assumed that the Rotterdam Old woman could well be part of an unknown author's version of the "Ferrakov's ship".
Jerome Bosch. Ship Durakov
Jerome Bosch. Women's head (head old woman)
Only 1 time Woman Stated the main heroine Altar Triptych Bosch. We are talking about the "crucifier Martyr" from the Palace of the Doings in Venice, also known for at least under 3 names: "Crucifixion of St. Julia", "Crucifixion of Saint Liberats" and "Crucifixion of Holy Wilgefortis" (from Latin Virgo Fortis - Resistant Virgo).
Jerome Bosch. Crucified martyr
1500-E, 104 × 119 cm
300 thousand eurosit was worth restoring the beard on the face of the heroine of Triptych Bosch "Martyrdom of St. Wilgefortis. " According to the legend, the Christian Holy poured his beard so as not to be forcibly issued to marry the king. For a complete restoration of beard from specialists left for almost 8 months.
9 years The Bosch Research and Conversation Project, BRCP project and Conversation Project, BRCP) lasted under the guidance of Yos Koldyvay and Mathais Ilice - Sv. Wilgefortis reanimated within its framework. One of the results of the project, which ended in 2016, in the year of the 500th anniversary of the death of Bosch, was to overitate some artist's works. For example, "7 mortal sins and 4 last things" and "extraction of nonsense stone" from Prado, as well as the "crossing of a cross" from Ghenta, the Netherlands researchers consider the work of Bosch's followers.
Total 24 pictures and 20 drawings Believe the hand of Bosch, according to the conclusions of the BRCP.
608 pages makes up a Catologist-resonance of Bosch's works, released in Mercatorfonds Publishing As a result of the Netherlands research project. You can purchase a catalog for 125 euros.
17 paintings and 19 drawings Bosch by unprecedented negotiation efforts managed to get from different museums The world Charles de May, director of the Northern Brabant Museum for retrospective exhibition "Jerome Bosch. Vision of genius ", which took place in Hertohenbos from February to May 2016.
At 7 million euros, it was evaluated by the exhibition in Hertogenbosa, its organizers, even 3 million were preliminary research.
More than 420 thousand people I visited the exhibition "Ieronim Bosch. Vision of genius "in the homeland of the artist. Entrance ticket cost 22 euros.
"Three philosophers" called famous picture Georgeon, on which, as art historian Linda Harris believes, the author of the book "Mystery Heres of Jeronim Bosch", depicted Leonardo, Georgeon himself and secretly visiting Venice Bosch (center).
Georgeon. Three philosophers
1504, 125.5 × 146.2 cm
80 years old He spent in the Nelson-Atkins museum stores in Kansas City "Temptation of St. Anthony" with an attribution "Follower / imitator Jerome Bosch", while in 2016 the status of the picture was not sensationally elevated: now work is considered to be written by Bosch himself.
Jerome Bosch. Temptation of St. Anthony
1500-E, 38.1 × 25.4 cm
220 by 390 centimeters - Sizes "Garden earthly pleasures" This is the most large-scale work of Bosch from those that have reached our time, not only in depth artistic design and execution skill, but simply in size. The second largest triptych Bosch - " Scary court"(163.7 per 247 cm, Vienna), the third -" Temptation of St. Anthony "(131.5 by 225 cm, Lisbon).
Jerome Bosch. Garden of earthly pleasure
Jerome Bosch. Scary court
Jerome Bosch. Temptation of St. Anthony. Triptych
3 pictures of Boscha With the same name "The cross" is stored in the museums of three cities: the first in Vienna, the second in Madrid, and the third and most famous (although now and not considered the original) - in Ghent.
Jerome Bosch. Cross carrying
3 versions of "worship of Magi" Bosha brushes are attributed: Triptych stored in Prado (Madrid), and two paintings from the Metropolitan Museum (New York) and Art Museum Philadelphia.
Jerome Bosch. Worship of Magi. Triptych
Jerome Bosch. Worship of Magi.
2 wanders, very similar among themselves, wrote in different time Bosch. One thing - on the external sash tripty "WHO SENA", the second - on the blackboard, which is now presented in Rotterdam (perhaps it was also the sash of the lost triptych). Some scientists are inclined to believe that both Wanderers Bosch generously gave their own features of the face. "This nose cannot be attributed to anyone else!", "Researchers Nicholas Bom, the author of the scientific and popular film" Radets of Jerome Bosch ", filmed BBC.
Jerome Bosch. WHO SENA. External tripty flaps.
Jerome Bosch. Wanderer
4 types of temperament Researchers were found in the picture of Bosch "Crossing the Tern Crown". Pulls hands from the right lower corner of the Sanguinik, puts the fingers into the wounds of a choleric, a wreath of the thorn puts on Christ the phlegmatic, and in the upper right corner sympathically puts his hand on his shoulder melancholic. Many believe that the latter is a self-portrait of the artist.
Jerome Bosch. Crossflower crowns
1510, 73.8 × 59 cm
More than 40 characters Boschavailable in an application for iOS and Android called Bosch Camera, issued by the organizers of the celebration of the Year of Bosch in Hertohenbos. With it, the user can carry the heroes of Bosch to their photos and collages.
3 dollars 99 cents It is necessary to pay extra in order to get it possible to fly on a volatile fish among the heroes of the central and right sash of Triptych Bosch in an application-simulator for IOS and Android "Bosch: a virtual journey in the garden of earthly pleasures." The left sash "Paradise" can be explored for free.
500 years agoOn August 9, 1516, the Boshu served the Oilly Mass in the Cathedral of St. Ioanna.
Only 12 years before death The artist, in 1504th, in the documents for the first time the pseudonym "Bosch" arises.
Hell - Jerome Bosch (part of the Triptych "Garden of Earth Delights"). 1500-1510. Tree, oil. 389 x 220 cm
Hell is the right sash of the famous Triptych artist called "Garden of Earth Delights". Under these lyrical titles, it lies far from a nice and idyllic picture. In fact, Triptych is performed quite in the style of Bosch - terrible visions, grotesque figures, terrible images here almost everywhere.
In the vision of the artist, blood pressure appears a monstrous surrealistic place. The right sash of tryptic criticism is often called "musical hell" due to the fact that a lot of varied musical instruments. However, it is not necessary to hope that they are used in direct intended. In fact, they don't even play devils as it would be possible to suspect. Bosch decided to use absolutely far from the direct appointment of musical instruments. In most cases, they act as torture devices.
For example, the artist's arp plays the role of a cross for a crucifixion or sill - on it a melt unhappy sinner. None of the wrong lute has become the subject of torture another poorbone, which lies with a prick. Interestingly, the notes are printed on his buttocks, which sings a completely unimaginable choir - damned led by a conductor with a fish "face".
The front plan of the picture is able to plunge in shock even tempered by "horror" modern man. The rabbit drags a person with a rift belly, which was tied to Herrades. At the same time, the poor thing literally beats a stream of blood. The predatory rabbit looks very peacefully, and it constitutes a truly monstrous contrast compared to what he does and what should imply his action in the future.
The abnormality of this place is emphasized by incredible sizes of berries and fruits, here and there scattered throughout the sash. When you look at it, it is not clear who does anyone eat here - people of berries or people's berries? The world turned over and became hell.
The frozen pond with a wormwood, where the sinner riding on a huge ice skate rushes, people flying on the light, like brainless midges, a man who is sharpening in the door lock - all these images allegoric and certainly they were understandable to the artist's contemporaries. Something from what could well be interpreted and interpreted today, but from the point of view of the person of modernity, and not late Middle Ages.
Interestingly, a research researcher Bosch was able to decipher notes engraved on the fifth point of the sinner. It turns out that the artist recorded a completely connected melody, which can be played and listening. But this is the only normal real element in the delusional world of his hell.
Jeronim Bosch (Sundar Jheronimus Bosch, Lat. Hieronymus Bosch; about 1450-1516, born and died in the city of Hertogenbos) - the brightest representative Northern Renaissance, the artist whose personality never ceases to remain a mystery and 500 years after his death, and creativity - the source of inspiration for modern artists, designers, cinematographers.
Features of the artist Jerome Bosch: dense dealence of paintings; Bold, unrestrained fantasy in the image of monsters and hell is implemented in canonical religious plots; A clever combination of a bright visual row with a moral content.
Famous paintings and triptychs Jerome Bosch: "Garden of earthly pleasures", "The Temptation of St. Anthony." "The cross of the Cross."
Hertogenbos - the city, in honor of which the artist Jeronim Van Aken took himself a pseudonym Bosch, - has long been famous for the production of bells and organs. In the XV century, the bells and organs drove everything here. Each sixth resident of Hertogenbosa consisted of some religious community. If, healthy on the street with passersby, you smiled, it was considered a grave sin. Death, suffering, the burden of Catholic guilt is the "trends" of those years that the pious minds of Hertohenbos are unproduced. And if someone came down from the righteous path, the fire in the darkness was covered in the darkness of the Inquisition fires.
In part, all this explains the emergence of such a kind and frightening genius as Bosch. But only partly.
Pictures of the artist Jerome Bosch - the most complex multifigure rebuses, over the decision of which are a generation of art historians. His personality is the same riddle, and a honest biographer have to use the word "probably" much more often than I would like.
Bells and organs
The ancestors of Jerome, probably had German roots. Judging by the surname, they were probably visiting the city of Aachen. In the family of Van Akenov, almost all men were artists. Artists were grandfather Jeronim - Yang, his father Anthony, his brother Goossen, as well as three of his uncle. So the craft of Jeriem studied at the domestic workshop. Probably.He was allegedly born in 1453 (most biographers gently talk about the 1450s) in Hertohenbosa - one of the centers of Brabant in the south of Holland. It was a major trading city with a lively market square. However, music is not only the one that was performed on bells and organs, - in Hertohenbosa ordered catholic Church. Local economy, with her, one way or another, were awarded with her, anyway, any manifestations of local cultural, intellectual or secular life. One of the main city-forming elements was the Brotherhood of Our Lady - an influential light-religious organization, based at the beginning of the XIV century. Van Aquena served Bratsworth for two centuries: Yana Van Akenu is attributed to the authorship of the frescoes in the Cathedral of St. John, many orders of the Brotherhood performed and Anthony Van Aken. The family did not disagree: working on the Brotherhood, Anthony managed to build a stone mansion on main Square cities. As for Jerome, the first mention of him as an artist is found in the archives of the Brotherhood of Our Lady only in 1481. According to the standards of those years 28 - age for the artist more than mature. This (in favor of such a theory, also does not say a superficial acquaintance of Bosch with theology) allows some biographers to conclude that painting was not his first choice: Initially, Ieronim was preparing to become a priest.
Be that as it may, the genes took their own. Jerome inherited a "Family Business" and collaborated with the brotherhood and all his life - painted Altari, made up solemn processions, made sketches of stained glass windows, the amons and other panicadiles.
At about the same time, Jerome Bosch married Aleit Van Den Meerveen, originating from an influential and rich kind. It was a profitable party - Jerome became a wealthy landowner and even took part in litigation With Shurin, who considered himself deprived. The court ruled in favor of the artist.
Of course, he immediately entered the brotherhood of Our Lady - already on the rights of the honorary member. The archives have preserved documents testifying that Jerome has repeatedly chaired the meetings of the Brotherhood, which took place in his house. He still wrote a lot - for a symbolic fee and not for the sake of. Pictures of the artist Jerome Bosch, meanwhile, the image of a respectable burgher corresponded to the image. They are increasingly noticeable for what the later surrealists will be called Bosch "Honorary Professor of Nightmares".
King of horror
It is difficult not to notice that with all its iconographicness, the style of paintings by Jerome Bosch goes far beyond any canons. In the modern pop industry, there is such a phenomenon as a "Christian rock" - many "beigents" teams sound louder than hell, and more gloomy than apocalypse. In a certain sense, they can be considered a followers of Bosch. Bosch also glorified God, but it became famous for the devil attended on his canvases.He was definitely a misanthrop. Perhaps the worst sins of Bosch considered frivolity and gullibility. His famous works ("WHO SENA", "FOCUSNIK", "Fools ship"), whose reproductions are represented on our portal, - by no means praise nonsense. However, Bosch did not make discounts for anyone. Space is no less sin than thief, running his hand in his pocket. The priest selling indulgences will burn in the hellish flame with the killer who bought forgiveness. Humanity is doomed and no hope.
Of course, such a peculiar view of the world order in combination with such a bright talent could not remain unnoticed.
Some researchers believe that approximately 1500, Ieronim Bosch visited Italy. Such an opinion feeds the painting "Crucified Martyrs" written by the artist (reproduction and description of this picture of Jerome Bosch, you can see on our website), presumably dedicated to St. Juliana, the cult of which was especially common in northern Italy. In addition, art historians see the influence of Jerome Bosch in the works of Georgeon and even Leonardo da Vinci.
Other biographers are confident that Bosch never left Hertogenbos, while his paintings, his glory had spread, not only outside the hometown, but also beyond the borders of the Netherlands. That is why he began signing his work "Jheronimus Bosch" *.
Among his customers (besides the immutable fraternity, the Lady) had a lot of noble nobles. Pictures of the artist Jerome Bosch owned the Duke of Burgundy Philip I Beautiful, Duke Nassau-Breda Heinrich III, King of Spain Philip II. Hardly contemporaries understood Bosch. IN best case Instead of edification and satire, they saw theological rebuses. In the worst - "horror stories", which are beyond and ticking the nerves. The artist was a horror maker for them. If this technology was known in the XV century, showing the pictures of Jerome Bosch, the owners would serve the Popcorn guests.
Devil inside
Since the facts about Boshe know a little, judge about the personality of this amazing artist accounts for his paintings. There are many wonderful, often opposing versions about the one who really was Jerome Bosch. Zealous Catholic. Secret heretic. Visioner. Practicing alchemist, antichrist, Messiah, aliens, schizophrenic, visionary. In fact, a person whose head was wound so monstrous images, was to be at least a little madman. There is no reliable confirmation of any of these versions. Rather, on the contrary - apparently, Ieronim Bosch lived surprisingly calm and normal life. Life, which in the times of Clive Barcker and Hans Rudy Giger seems too measured and even boring. If he was a blasphemy, then extremely lucky - the most zealous inquisitors of those who were patronized to him. The Bosch was spoken only in the XVI century's "secret heresy". And before the era of the Reformation, Jerome Bosch did not live safely.He died in 1516 and was solemnly moving as a "outstanding master" in the Cathedral of St. John.
Now in the house where Ieronim lived, - Store male clothes. On the streets of Hertogenbosa, you will not meet the birds of the monsters, nor the giant toad, nor crucified martyrs. Nothing in this quiet "sleeping" province hints to you, from where Bosch scream inspiration.
However, this riddle in the XVII century solved the Spanish monk Jose de Siguens, who wrote: "While other artists depicted a man as he is outside, only Bosch had enough courage to draw him as he was from the inside."
* Hertohenbos and 500 years ago and now in spoken Speech Reduce to Den Bosch.
We also prepared for you two fascinating tests for the work of Jerome Bosch:
1. "Bosch in detail": Guess, from which pictures of Bosch are taken fragments with demons and saints.
2. "Bosch or not Bosch? ": In each pair of paintings, only one belongs to Boshu - the choice is yours.
Jerome Bosch (Yerun Antonison Van Aken) is an outstanding Netherlands painter, bizarkened in his paintings the features of medieval fiction, folklore, philosophical parachi and satire. One of the founders of landscape and genre painting in Europe.
Biography Jerome Bosch
Yerun Van Aken was born around 1453 in Hertogenbosa (Brabant). Family Van Akenov, who originated from the German city of Aachen, was longly connected with the cruise craft - artists were Jan Van Aken. (Bosha's grandfather) and four of his five sons, including the father of Jerome, Anthony. Since nothing knows about the formation of Bosch as an artist, it is assumed that the first lessons of the pictorial craft he received in the family workshop. Van Akenov's workshop performed a wide variety of orders - first of all, this is a wall painting, but also the gilding of a wooden sculpture and even the manufacture of church utensils. So that " Geeronimus painter", As he was first mentioned in document 1480, took the alias on the abbreviated name of his hometown ( Den Bosch.) Apparently, from the need to somehow align from other representatives of a kind.
Bosh lived and worked mainly in his native Hertogenbos, which in those days was part of the Burgundy Duchy, and now is administrative center Provinces Northern Brabant in the Netherlands. In accordance with the information about the life of the artist, preserved in the city archive, in 1478 his father died, and Bosch inherited his art workshop. He joined B. Brotherhood of Our Lady. ("Zoete Lieve VRUUW") - a religious society arising in Hertohenbos in 1318 and consisted of both monks and laity.
Brotherhood dedicated to the cult of the Virgin Mary, and was engaged in mercy. In archival documents, the name of Bosch was mentioned several times: he, as a painter, was entrusted with a variety of orders, ranging from the design of festive processions and ritual sacraments of the fraternity and ending with writing the altar sash for the Brotherhood Capella in the Cathedral of St. John (1489, the picture is lost) or even the model of the candelabra. In the same chapel, the reference of the painter, who died on August 9, 1516, the solemnity of this rite confirms the closest connection of Bosch with the Brotherhood of Our Lady.
Then followed training in the Dutch cities of Harlem and Delft, where a young artist is a introduction to the art of Rogira Van der Waiden, Dirog Boauts, Hertgen That Sint Yance, the influence of which was felt later different periods His creativity. In 1480, Bosch returned to Hertohenbos already a free painter master.
Next year, he concluded marriage with Aleid Goyartats Van der Merbernene (Mervey). This girl from a rich and noble family brought a solid state to her husband, giving him the right to dispose of them at his own discretion.
The marriage of Jerome was not particularly happy (the spouses did not have children), but he gave the artist material well-being, situation in society and independence: even performing orders, he could afford to write as he wanted.
None of the reached works by Bosch is not dating themselves.
Therefore, presumably, the first known pictures that were satirical in nature belong to the middle of the 1470s. Created in 1475-1480. Pictures "Seven death sins", "Marriage in Cana", "Focuscript" and "Deleting Stuffing Stones" ("Operation of Stupidity") are a pronounced moral nature with elements of irony and satire.
It is not by chance that the Spanish King of Philip II ordered to hang "seven mortal sins" in the bedroom of his residence-monastery in Escoriale, so that at the expense of reflections to the sinfulness of human nature. There is still an uncertaintyle of the stroke of a young artist, he uses only individual elements of the symbolic language, which will later fill all his works.
They are few and in the paintings "Operation of nonsense" and "Focuscript", ridiculeting the human naivety, which is enjoyed by charlatans, including in the monastic robe.
More acute Bosch ridiculed the clergy in the picture "Ship of Fools" (1490-1500), where the droves of the monastery and the monk gorge the song in the company of commoners on the rollers, managed the jester.
Abruptly condemned the depravity of the clergy, Bosch was still unlikely to be a heretic, according to modern German art critic V. Frenchler. Although he was looking for his way to comprehend God outside the official church.
Creativity by artist
Who would be able to tell about all those who wander in the head of Jerome Bosch amazing and strange thoughts, which he handed over with the help of a brush, and about those ghosts and hellish monsters who were often more frightened than they were delaited. -Karel Van Mandera. "Life of the wonderful Dutch and German painters"
Creativity Bosch It began with the paintings of details of various altars, chapel. One of the first prominent works of Jerome Bosch was the painting of the altar sash in the Cathedral of St. John. It should be noted that this work really liked Philip Beautiful, who later became the king of Castile.
Bosch was a cheerful and sociable person, but outside his village Oerosht traveled very rarely and not far, where she settled after marriage.
Pictures of Jerome Bosch still remain a mystery for art historians. About 40 paintings are recorded on his account. Perhaps there were more of them, but the artist never signed his work.
In addition to drawing, Bosch was engaged in the manufacture of engraving, was a good blacksmith. Once he made a huge painting on the glass in the church, and also made an excellent metal frame.
Bosch's paintings hung in many royal courtyardsAnd caused the admiration of his contemporaries. Bosch's life ended on August 9, 1516, in the city where he was born.
On the artist's canvases, monsters are often found, funny or devil figures that came out of folk legends, allegorical poems, moralized religious literature, as well as directions of late gothic art. Such work in the biography of Jeronimus Bosch, as "Garden of Earthly Delights", tighten the allegory. However, the symbolism of these works is incomprehensible, causes various interpretations.
Bosch was interested in grotesque, devil, rich and fatal.
He was one of the first artists of Europe, portrayed on their scene canvases. everyday lifeAlthough often with abnormal elements.
The King of Spain Philip the second collected some of the best creations of Bosch. "Temptation of St. Anthony "(Lisbon)," The Last Judgment "are frequently encountered topics in the artist's work. Other Bosha paintings are presented in Escoriale, Brussels. Examples of "Adoration of The Magi" are presented in the Metropolitan Museum, the Philadelphia Museum, where Mocking Of Christ is also located.
In the biography of Bosch, the work of Peter Breygel was relevant. In the 20th century, Jeronimus perceived as harbing surrealism. Bosch's work is still impressive of modern artists. Bosch's paintings were often formed, and the style was copied. The artist himself was sold for all his life only 7 canvases. Over time, scientists began to attribute Bosch's hand less and less and less workwho were considered before this works. By the beginning of the 21st century, only 25-30 paintings, exactly the creation of Bosch, are named.
His technique is called Alla Prima. This is a method oil paintingat which the first strokes create the final invoice. Based on the results modern studies Bosch art historian creativity belongs to the preserved heritage of Jerome Bosch 25 paintings and 8 drawings. Pictures are tryptic, fragments of triptychs and individual, independent paintings. Only 7 bosch creations are signed. The story did not save the original names of the paintings, which gave their creations by Bosch. Famous names entrenched us for paintings by catalogs.
Researchers still can not confidently talk about the creative evolution and chronology of Bosch's works, since neither one of them has no date, but a formal development creative method It does not constitute a translational movement and subordinated to its own logic attributing tides and flow.
- In view of the artist's creativity and his unusual visions, among his colleagues, it was customary to be called Bosch "Honorary Professor of Nightmares".
- Pacely painting came to the artist from relatives on the male line. He did not even have to do art in a specialized school - he acquired all the skills in his family workshop.
- Bosch was not poor. A good condition and position in society gave him successful marriage.
- Creations of Jerome cannot be called the corresponding spirit of that time. Mostly he was engaged in the work of religious subjects. But at the same time, his vision of religion strongly contradicted the existing time at that time. What is the strangest, the church took his paintings without any criticism, despite many nuances.
- Death famous artist Enveloped mystery. After all, his body was buried with the celebration and honors in the chapel of the Church, in hometown. After a century, the grave of Bosch was opened, but, to a great surprise, she turned out to be empty, and did not contain the remains of the artist or anyone else. Further excavations were hastily stopped after the study of the fragment of the tombstone with his grave, which under the microscope began to heat up and glow.
Jerome Bosch - the most mysterious artist All times and peoples. His paintings are trying to decipher so far. But we will not get closer to their complete rays.
Because Bosch spoke in several languages. In the language of religious symbolism. In the language of alchemists. And still Dutch proverbs. And even astrology.
It is difficult not to get confused. But thanks to this, the interest in Bosch is never dried. Here are just a few of his masterpieces that are so captivated by their mysteriousness.
1. Garden of earthly pleasure. 1505-1510
Jerome Bosch. Garden of earthly pleasure. 1505-1510 Prado Museum, Madrid. Wikimedia.commons.org. "Garden of earthly pleasures" - the most famous work Bosch. It can be viewed by clock. But so nothing to understand. What are all these naked people? Giant berries. Fancy fountains. Walking monsters.
In a nutshell. On the left flap depicted paradise. God just created Adam and Eve. But the Bosshov paradise is not so paradise. Here we see and evil. Cat drags in your teeth mouse. And next to the bird coars the frog.
Why? Animals can be made evil. This is their way of survival. But for a person it is a sin.
Jerome Bosch. Garden of earthly pleasure. Fragment of the left sash triptych. 1505-1510 Prado Museum, Madrid On the middle of the triptych, many naked people behave idle lifestyle. They are worried only earthly pleasures. Symbols of which are giant berries and birds.
People indulge the sin of solvents. But conditionally. We understand this through the characters. You will not find frank erotica. Only one pair looks not very decent. Try to find it.
If it does not work, find it close-up in the article.
Did you know that a copy of the central part of the famous Triptych is stored? Created 50 years later later by Bosch follower. Poses and gestures are the same. Only people in the style of mannerism. With excellent torsha and languages.
Boscha characters are flatter and bleeding. Like blanks, workpieces of people. And why write real people if their life is empty, aimless.
From above: follower of Bosch. Garden of earthly pleasure. Fragment. 1556-1568 , St. Petersburg. Bottom: Jerome Bosch. The central part of Triptych. 1505-1510 Prado Museum, Madrid
On the right sash we see hell. Here are those who were fond of idle music or inclusion. Games and drunkards. Pride and skidding.
But here the riddles are no less. Why do we celebrate Evu here? She sits under a monster chair with a bird head. What kind of notes are depicted on the bind of one of the sinners? And why still have poor musicians in hell?
2. Fools ship. 1495-1500.
Jerome Bosch. Ship fools. 1495-1500. . Wikimedia.commons.org. Picture "Ship Fools". Why ship? Common metaphor during Bosch. So talked about the church. She must "carry" his parishioners through a worldly bustle to spiritual purity.
But with the ship Bosch something is wrong. Its passengers are indulging in empty fun. They are thicker, drink. Both monks and laity. They do not even notice that their ship is not sailing anywhere. And so long ago, the tree sprout through the bottom.
Pay attention to the jester. The fool in the profession behaves more seriously. He turned away from the fun and drink his compote. Without him, there is enough fubs on this ship.
The "ship of fools" is the upper part of the right sash tryptic. Bottom part Stored in another country. On it we see the shore. Swimming workers dismissed clothes and surrounded the barrel with wine.
Two of them and walked to the ship of fools. Look, one of them has the same bowl as the batcher near the barrel.
Jerome Bosch. Allegory of vigoria and uncertainty. 1500 Art Gallery University of Yale, New Haven, USA. 3. Temptation of St. Anthony. 1505-1506.
. 1500 National Museum Old art in Lisbon, Portugal. Wikimedia.commons.org. Temptation of St. Anthony. Another fantastic Triptych Bosch. Among the beaches of monsters and monsters are four plots from the life of hermit.
First, the saint in the sky torments demons. Satan sent them. She did not give him peace that he struggles with earthly temptations.
The exhausted holy demons threw to the ground. We see how its exhausted lead under the arms.
On the central part of the Holy is already kneeling among mysterious characters. These are alchemists trying to see his electric eternal life. As we know, they did not come out.
Jerome Bosch. Temptation of St. Anthony. Fragment of the central part of triptych. 1500 G. National Museum of Old Art in Lisbon, Portugal And on the right sash Satan, she took another attempt to seduce the saint from his righteous path. Having come to him in the image of an excellent queen. In order to seduce him. But here the saint stood.
Triptych "The Temptation of St. Anthony" is interesting for his monsters. From such a variety of unknown creatures, eyes are scattered.
And monsters with a head of a sheep with a body of a bold goose. And semi-singer with fish tails. The most famous monster Bosch also lives here. Ridewalking with a funnel and bird beak.
Jerome Bosch. Fragment of the left sash Triptych "The Temptation of St. Anthony." 1500 G. National Museum of Old Art in Lisbon, Portugal With these entities you can admire in the items in the article.
Bosch loved to portray St. Anthony. In 2016, another picture with this holy was recognized by the work of Bosch.
Yes, small monsters are similar to Bosshovsky. There is nothing terrible in them. But fantasy even debug. And funnel on the legs. And the nose in the form of a scoop. And walking fish.
Jerome Bosch. Temptation of St. Anthony. 1500-1510 Nelson-Atkins Museum, Kansas City, USA. Wikimedia.commons.org. 4. Prodigal son. 1500
Jerome Bosch. Prodigal son. 1500 Museum of Humanza - Wang Beningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Wikimedia.commons.org. In the picture "The Blind Son" instead of a huge number of characters - one the main character. Traveler.
He is pretty hidden with life. But he has hope. Leaving the world of debauchery and sin, he wants to return home to his father. In the world of righteous life and spiritual grace.
He looks at home. Which is an allegory of a dissolute lifestyle. Tavern or innovation courtyard. Temporary shelter, full of primitive fun.
The roof was proud. Shutter shivered. The visitor copes the need right around the corner. And two are lightening in the doorway. All this symbolizes spiritual degradation.
Jerome Bosch. Prodigal son. Fragment. 1500 Museum of Boimans - Wang Beningen, Rotterdam, Netherlands But our traveler woke up. He realized that it was necessary to leave. A woman looks at him out of the window. She does not understand his act. Or envies. She has no strength and the ability to leave this "protested", a pitiful world.
"The Blind Son" is similar to another traveler. Which is depicted on closed sash tripty "WHO SENA".
Jerome Bosch. Wanderer. Closed sash tripty "WHO SENA". 1516 Prado Museum, Madrid Here the meaning is similar. We are travelers. On our way there is something to rejoice. But many dangers. Where are we going? And do we come somewhere? Or will we wander like that while death does not overtake us on the road?
5. Cross of the Cross 1515-1516.
Jerome Bosch. Cross carrying. 1515-1516. Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent, Belgium. WGA.hu. Unexpected work for Bosch. Instead of distant horizons and many characters - a very close approximation. Only foreground. Persons are so close to us that you can even feel the attack of claustrophobia.
There are no monsters no longer. Ugly people themselves. All of their defects are read on their faces. Gloat. Condemnation of another. Brand deafness. Aggression.
Pay attention that only three characters have normal features. Raised robber in the upper right corner. Christ himself. And the holy Veronica in the lower left corner.
Jerome Bosch. Cross carrying. Fragment. 1515-1516. Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent, Belgium. Wikipedia.org. They closed their eyes. Out of this world, which is filled with screaming and evil crowd. Only the robber and Christ go to the right, towards death. And Veronica left, towards life.
On the scarf of Veronica, the image of Christ fired. He looks at us. Sad calm eyes. What does he want to tell us? Have we seen yourself in this crowd? Are we ready to become people? Freed from aggression and condemnation.
Bosch was an artist. Yes, he was a contemporary Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
Therefore, his protagonist is a man. Which he looked at all overview points. And from afar. As in the "Garden of Earth Delight". And very close. As in the "cross of the cross".
His verdict is not comfortable. People are mired in vices. But there is hope. Hope for the fact that each of us will find the path to salvation. The main thing is to look at yourself from the side.
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