Pallas frigate post. Essay "Travel sketches of Goncharov" Frigate "Pallada
Travel sketches "Frigate" Pallada "have great informative and artistic value... The originality of the style of the essays was very correctly defined by N.A. variety of tones ".
In the sketches, one can feel the contradictory nature of Goncharov's worldview, but they are valuable to us for their truthful depiction of the fac.
Passing on day after day his observations and impressions in a new and unusual environment for him, imperceptibly for the reader involving him in the interests of this environment, in the life of the people around him, Goncharov does not forget his native country. Vivid pictures the life of the bourgeois West, ‘the mysterious East cannot shield the artist from the pictures of the native, sleepy kingdom of serf Russia. It stands before him, wherever he is: amid the hustle and bustle of London, on the sandy coast of Africa or under the tropical sky of Ceylon.
The frigate Pallada had big success from readers. During Goncharov's lifetime, the book was published five times. DI Pisarev noted that "The frigate" Pallada "was greeted by the Russian reader" with such joy, which is rarely met in Russia. literary works". Goncharov himself wrote: "The history of the voyage of the ship itself, this small Russian world with four hundred inhabitants, rushing about the oceans for two years, the peculiar life of the swimmers, the features of the sea life - all this in itself is also capable of attracting and retaining the sympathy of readers."
The first country where the frigate had a long stay was England. From the feudal empire of Nicholas I, Goncharov came to the "classical" country of capitalism, saw with his own eyes the bourgeois world in its fullest development
In England and other countries, in the colonies, Goncharov saw how patriarchal forms of life were withering away under the influence of capitalist relations. For this reason, it is natural that central theme essays by Goncharov, a sober and shrewd writer, became the theme of capitalism.
Goncharov understands the historical inevitability of the victory of a new, more progressive way of life, and approves of "material progress." And at the same time, in his essays, Goncharov condemns bourgeois society, vices. An attentive and subtle observer, he sees the hypocrisy of the bourgeoisie, the cruel treatment of the population of the colonies, the plunder of foreign countries
Wherever Goncharov was, he was always interested in the life of the people.
In London, he, unlike other travelers, did not visit British museum- world famous collection of achievements human culture... He was interested in the streets, houses, people: “Rather than looking at sphinxes and obelisks, I like to stand for an hour at the crossroads and watch how two Englishmen meet, first try to tear off each other’s hand, ask each other about health and wish one another every prosperity ... I watch with curiosity how two cooks collide, with corvines on their shoulders, how an endless double, triple chain of carriages rushes, like a river, how one carriage will twist out of it with unimitable dexterity and merge with another thread; or how the whole chain would instantly go numb as soon as the cop from the sidewalk raised his hand.
a double, triple chain of carriages, like a river, how one carriage will wriggle out of it with un- imitated dexterity and merge with another thread; or how the whole chain will instantly go numb, as soon as the cop from the sidewalk raises his hand
In taverns, in theaters - everywhere I stare at how and what they do, how they have fun, eat, drink ... "
Goncharov drew attention to "vanity and movement." People invent "machines, springs, tables" and do not notice that they become themselves " the latest machines". Goncharov was outraged by the hypocrisy and hypocrisy of the English bourgeois society: “All English trade is strong, credit is unshakable, and yet the buyer in every shop has to take a receipt for money. The laws against thieves are many and strict, and London is considered, by the way, an exemplary school of fraud, and there are tens of thousands of thieves; even the continent is supplied with them, like rans, and the art of locking locks argues with the art of unlocking them ... philanthropy has been elevated to the level of public duty, and not only individuals, families, but also the tzelts of the country under English rule perish from poverty. Meanwhile ϶ᴛόᴛmoral people eat stale bread on Sundays, do not give you the opportunity to play the piano in your room or whistle on the street. You will ponder over the reputation of an intelligent, businesslike, religious, moral and free people! "
What gives rise to this soulless work of people, sole purpose which is the enrichment? There is only one answer: the capitalist way of life.
True, Goncharov did not always understand what calamities the British capital brings to the peoples of the colonies and dependent countries, and therefore in his essays one can encounter incorrect, biased assessments of the results of England's management in her colonies.
Goncharov, with his characteristic skill as a painter, draws vivid, memorable baskets of African life: “Here is a slender, handsome Negro Fingo, or Mozambique, dragging a bale on his shoulders, this is a“ coolie ”, a hired servant, a porter running on parcels; here is another Zulu Ilemeni, and more often a Hottentot, deftly manages a pair of horses on goats ... "Sympathizing with the peoples of Africa, oppressed by the English and other colonialists, Goncharov shows the conditions in which these peoples lived, and these pictures are far from what Goncharov would like to see who believed in beneficial influence " the mighty of the world this ”- British entrepreneurs - to the disadvantaged peoples of Africa.
Goncharov writes about the "not entirely disinterested actions" of Christian missionaries who settled among the Kaffirs, that the Kaffirs were driven from vast lands at a time when "bread was still on the vine and the tribe was left without food." These pictures speak for themselves. They expose the predatory nature of capitalism. Goncharov devotes a lot of space to showing the "civilizing" activities of the British in China.
With anger and contempt, he writes about the baseness of the colonialists, who, at the expense of the Chinese, "enrich themselves, poison them1, and even despise their victims."
In the "civilization" of the Far East, English businessmen were the main ones, but not the only ones. Goncharov writes about the arrival of the "new" colonialists: "People of the United States North America have already come here with paper and woolen fabrics, guns, cannons and other tools of the newest civilization. "
Oncharov writes about the arrival of "new" colonialists: "The people of the United States of North America have already come here with paper and woolen fabrics, guns, cannons and other tools of the latest civilization."
New "civilizers" send missionaries to spread Christianity and gradually take possession of the wealth of the "blessed islands." And the islands are really rich: sugar plantations, many forests, fertile soil and climate. How can "civilizers" pass by such riches!
Two essays are dedicated to Japan - main goal travel around the world, countries, according to Marx, with a "purely feudal organization of land tenure", with the remnants of the Middle Ages.
These essays introduced the Russian reader to a country about which very little was known at that time. Goncharov meets with progressive-minded people who sought to change the outdated order
In these people, Goncharov sees the future of Yapo-
The writer means the import of opium, nii, into China. As always, he writes with great warmth about common people: “How much life they have ... how much gaiety, playfulness. A bunch of abilities, talents - all this can be seen in small things, in empty conversation, but it is also clear that there is only no content, that all one's own forces of life have boiled over, burned out and require new, refreshing beginnings. "
In essays about his stay in Japan, Goncharov also talks about the negotiations that Admiral Putyatin had with the Japanese government.
As secretary to the admiral, he was present at these negotiations and described them in detail.
Putyatin's mission in St. Petersburg was given great importance... Its goal was to establish trade and diplomatic relations with Japan.
The Russian mission persistently negotiated with the Japanese representatives. Quite unexpectedly, serious problems arose: the Crimean War began. Even before the declaration of war, the Russian sailors decided: when meeting with superior enemy forces, fight to the end and, if necessary, blow up the frigate.
Admiral Putyatin, - wrote Goncharov in September 1854, - “everyone expected that the war with England would not take place or would suddenly end and that he would be able to finish his assignments in Japan and China in the same scale and without haste as he began, and he will also need a secretary. But the news of the break with England was so positive that it was necessary to think about the protection of the frigate and the honor of the Russian flag, therefore, our voyage, directed towards a peaceful and definite goal, changed. Information from the site Bigreferat.ru / site The purpose of the trip changed, with this the need for me ceased. " The sea part of Goncharov's round-the-world voyage has ended. From the mouth of the Amur by dry route, through Siberia, he returned home. A number of essays ("The Way Back Through Siberia", "From Yakutsk", "To Irkutsk"), in which Goncharov describes the life of the peoples inhabiting Siberia, bypassing in silence their disenfranchised position, the oppression that they experience, being under the thumb of the tsarist colonialists.
After two and a half years of travel, having spent several days in Simbirsk, Goncharov returned to St. Petersburg on February 25, 1855.
e two and a half years of travel, after spending several days in Simbirsk, Goncharov returned to St. Petersburg on February 25, 1855.
Admiral E. V. Putyatin highly appreciated Goncharov as a secretary. His characteristics played a significant role in the writer's further career. An experienced sailor and a capable diplomat, Putyatin was a reactionary and obscurantist in his views, and Goncharov's daily communication with him for more than two years could not but have a negative impact on the writer's worldview.
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Stolz as the antipode of Oblomov in the novel by I.A. Goncharova "Oblomov"
Stolz as the antipode of Oblomov in the novel by I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" Goncharova gained wide popularity among readers. The novel "Oblomov" has enjoyed and still enjoys particular popularity. The main characters of the novel "Oblomov" are Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrey Stolts. Ilya Ilyich is a Russian landowner who lives in St. Petersburg on income from his estate. Oblomov is a man of "about thirty-two or three years of age, of average height, pleasant appearance, with dark gray eyes." it cultured person, who received a decent education, which opened a wide road for him to life. There was a time when he dreamed of serving until he became strong, traveling to foreign lands, and was fond of poetry. ...
Typology of the image of a servant in Russian literature of the 19th century based on the works of A.S. Pushkin, N.V. Gogol, I.A. Goncharova
MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATION Uzbek State University of World Languages GRADUATE QUALIFICATION WORK Typology of the image of a servant in RUSSIAN LITERATURE OF THE XIX CENTURY ON THE MATERIAL OF WORKS A. S. PUSHKIN, N. V. GOGOL, I.A. GONCHAROVA. ...
The theme of happiness in Goncharov's novel Oblomov
"Happiness is just a moment between the past, from which we derive experience, and the future, in which we cannot stop believing." This definition of the word "happiness" is closest to my understanding of this concept. In life, each of us has ever experienced moments of happiness. The reason for this could be anything, this is the achievement of goals, which he has been striving for for a long time, and the fulfillment of cherished desires. But, in my opinion, happiness can be felt only after this moment is already behind ...
The work of I.A. Goncharov
Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov (1812 - 1891), already during his lifetime, acquired a solid reputation as one of the brightest and most significant representatives of Russian realistic literature. His name was invariably called alongside the names of the leading figures of the literature of the second half of the 19th century, the masters who created the classic Russian novels - I. Turgenev, L. Tolstoy, F. Dostoevsky. Goncharov's literary heritage is not extensive. For 45 years of creativity, he published three novels, a book of travel essays "Frigate" Pallas "", several moral stories, critical articles and memoirs. But the writer made a significant contribution to the spiritual life of Russia. Each of his novels attracted the attention of readers, aroused heated discussions and disputes, pointed out the most important problems and phenomena of our time. That is why the interpretation of his works in the articles of the outstanding critics of the era - Belinsky and Dobrolyubov - entered the treasury of national culture, and the social types and generalizations he created in his novels became a means of self-knowledge and self-education of Russian society. Interest in the work of Goncharov, a lively perception of his works, passing from generation to generation of Russian readers, have not dried up these days. Goncharov is one of the most popular, readable writersХ1Х century. ...
Old and new Russia in the novel by I.A. Goncharova "An Ordinary History"
Old and new Russia in the novel by I.A. Goncharov's "An Ordinary History" I. A. Goncharov, in my opinion, is a writer who more quickly than others understood the changes in Russian life associated with penetration of the old patriarchal order of Western bourgeois trends. The writer traveled a lot, and therefore very well recognized the signs of a capitalist society that appeared in contemporary Russia. Author " Ordinary history"Realized that the destruction of the feudal structure is a natural consequence of the entire post-Peter period of development of Russian history, that efficiency and enterprise were reflected in Russia, on the one hand, by the development of industry and trade, science and rationalism, and on the other, by the hypertrophy of the bureaucratic administration, the tendency to" leveling " personalities, to disguise their uniformity of uniforms. ...
These are essays describing the three-year journey of Goncharov himself from 1852 to 1855. In the introduction, the writer talks about the fact that he was not going to publish his diary entries like a tourist or a sailor. It's just a travel report in an art form.
The journey took place on a frigate called "Pallada". The author sailed through England to numerous colonies in the Pacific Ocean. The civilized person had to face other worlds and cultures. While the British conquered nature and marched fast pace to industrialization, the colonies lived with a love of nature, a part of this nature. Therefore, Goncharov gladly parted with vain England and floated to the tropics, to the poles.
The author travels to foreign countries and Russia. Siberia is described as a colony with its fight against savagery. Describes meetings with the Decembrists. Goncharov is happy to compare life in England and in Russia. The bustle of the industrial world is compared to the measured, calm life of Russian landowners sleeping on feather beds and not wanting to wake up. Only a rooster is able to wake up such a gentleman. Without Yegorka's servant, who, seizing the moment, hastened to go fishing, the barchuk is not able to find his things to dress. After drinking tea, the master looks for a holiday or someone's birthday in the calendar to celebrate.
Goncharov perceives exoticism realistically, in search of similarities. In a black African woman, he found the features of a tanned Russian old woman. They see parrots as our sparrows, only in a more complex manner, and in all rubbish they dig in the same way.
In describing the habits and grips of sailors from the people, the writer shows his objectivity, irony and generosity. The writer considers the ship to be a piece of his homeland, similar to a steppe village. Goncharov was promised that naval officers bitter drunks, but it turned out to be wrong. The world of wondrous animals and birds is described by the author through the prism of Krylov's fables.
The culmination of the trip is a visit to Japan. The traditions and peculiarities of the culture of this country are a miracle. Goncharov foresees the arrival European civilization and very soon. Summing up the whole journey, Goncharov comes to the conclusion that there should be mutual convenience of peoples, and not the prosperity of one at the expense of the exploitation of the other.
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- The result of Goncharov's voyage around the world was the book of essays "The Frigate" Pallas ", in which the clash of the bourgeois and patriarchal world order received further, deepening comprehension. The path of the writer lay through England to its numerous colonies in the Pacific Ocean. From mature, industrialized modern civilization- to Read More ......
- Travel sketches "Frigate" Pallas "are of great educational and artistic value. The originality of the style of the essays was very correctly defined by N. A. Nekrasov, noting “the beauty of the presentation, the freshness of the content and the artistic moderation of the colors that make up the peculiarity of Mr. Goncharov’s description, without exposing anything too harshly, Read More ......
- The Cliff The Petersburg day is approaching the evening, and everyone who usually gathers at the card table, by this hour, begin to bring themselves into the appropriate form. Two friends - Boris Pavlovich Raisky and Ivan Ivanovich Ayanov - are also gathering to spend this evening Read More ......
- An ordinary story This summer morning in the village of Grachi began unusually: at dawn all the inhabitants of the house of a poor landowner Anna Pavlovna Adueva were already on their feet. Only the culprit of this fuss, the son of Adueva, Alexander, slept, “how a twenty-year-old man should sleep, a heroic dream.” Confusion Read More ......
- Thoughts about Russian writers. IA Goncharov May 1901 “Oblomov”, “Domestic] zap [claims]”. Thought of the novel (351, 353). Olga's words apply only to the best nobles (354). - Olga's aunt is one of Ek [atherina] II (208). Olga is overstretched and went out stilted, unclear Read More ......
- Goncharov studied at a private boarding school, where he joined the reading of books by Western European and Russian authors and studied French and German languages... In 1822 he entered the Moscow Commercial School. Without finishing it, Goncharov entered the philological department in 1831. Read More ......
- The life of the author of "Ordinary History" and "Oblomov" did not know strong shocks. But it was precisely this serene evenness that was felt in the appearance famous writer, created in the public the conviction that of all the types he created, the Gonchars most of all resemble Oblomov. The reason for this assumption Read More ......
- Goncharov, like any other writer, tries to be loyal to what he is describing, and as a result, we cannot find specific words that express him author's position... But it can be learned through the opinions of the characters, through the situations in which they find themselves. Read More ......
The book "Frigate" Pallas "" by the great Russian writer Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov (1812-1891) is a unique phenomenon in its own way. None of the classics domestic literature, neither before nor after Goncharov, did not participate in such a journey. The same Russians who happened to go this way: from Russia through Britain and South Africa to Indonesia, Singapore, Japan, China, the Philippines, were not classics of Russian literature ... The journey, which began on October 7, 1852 at the roadstead of Kronstadt, became an event for Russia extraordinary. Firstly, there were still a few round-the-world voyages, and Russian sailors under the command of Ivan Kruzenshtern first circled the Earth just half a century ago. Secondly, this time they went for a reason, but with a special and important mission - to "discover" Japan, to establish relations with a country that had just begun to move away from the centuries-old policy of rigid isolationism. Thirdly, the trip on the frigate "Pallada" was destined to go down in the history of Russian and world literature. However, then few people guessed about this ... From the point of view of his position in society, Ivan Aleksandrovich Goncharov was absolutely unknown in 1852 - a modest official of the Foreign Trade Department of the Ministry of Finance, appointed secretary-translator of the head of the expedition, Vice Admiral Yevfimiy Putyatin. In literary circles, his name has already sounded - in 1847, in the famous Sovremennik, founded by Pushkin, Goncharov's first significant work, An Ordinary History, was published. But his main novels - "Oblomov" and "Break" have not yet been written. As well as "Frigate" Pallada "" - a book for the Russian literature XIX v. It somehow happened that Ivan Goncharov is perceived as a writer-couch potato. Whether it is Pushkin - he visited the Crimea, and the Caucasus. And Dostoevsky and Turgenev traveled all over Europe in general. Goncharov, on the other hand, is a classic Russian noble estate, where St. Petersburg or Moscow is the center of the Universe. These are the heroes of the writer: Aduev from "Ordinary History", Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, Rayskiy from "Obryv". All of them are smart people, but weak-willed, unwilling or unable to change anything in their lives. Many critics even tried to convince readers that Goncharov is Oblomov ... But in this case, the author turned out to be the complete opposite their characters: Britain, Madeira, Atlantic, South Africa, Indonesia, Singapore, Japan, China, Philippines: even today, in the era of aircraft, such a journey is a very difficult test. And Ivan Goncharov had a chance to go all this way on a sailing ship. There were, of course, moments of weakness, the writer was even going to drop everything and return home from England. But he still held out, reached Japan. Then I had to return home on horseback through all of Russia. And although the journey did not become around the world, it was a feat for the good of his country. And for the benefit of the readers. “We have to go around the whole world and tell about it so that they listen to the story without boredom, without impatience,” Ivan Goncharov set himself this task. And he fulfilled it. That is why the book "Frigate" Pallas "" survived for a long time both the ship that gave it its name and the author. Times are changing, technologies are improving, speeds are increasing, and "Frigate" Pallada "" is still read, read and will be read ... The electronic publication of the book by I. A. Goncharov includes full text paper book and some of the illustrative material. But for true connoisseurs of exclusive editions, we offer a gift classic book with exceptional richness of maps and other documentary and artistic illustrations. Over 250 colored and black and white drawings, paintings, route maps, many comments and accompanying explanations of geographic and biographical realities, fine print, white offset paper. This edition, like all the books of the Great Travels series, will adorn any, even the most exquisite library, will be a wonderful gift as young readers and discerning bibliophiles.
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Armament
General information
In the spring of 1832, the manager of Okhtinsky admiralty was appointed an outstanding Russian shipbuilder, captain of the corps of naval engineers Ivan Afanasyevich Amosov, who continued the construction of "Pallada". Shortly after bookmark frigate its commander was appointed Lieutenant Commander P. S. Nakhimov by that time circumnavigation and distinguished himself in 1827 in the Battle of Navarino. Nakhimov introduced a number of important improvements to the design of the ship. For example, he asked to install a double spire with metal ballers, two iron tiller new system, axiometer on steering wheel and just appeared anchors Peering systems. In addition, he suggested replacing anchor hemp ropes with chains, and lead haws cast iron.
Differently than in the original project, Pallada made Crew camera and a ship's pharmacy, and instead of wooden barrels for storage drinking water put square tanks made of tinned iron. By the proposal P. S. Nakhimova around binnacle and compasses iron nails deck the decks in a 6 ft (1.83 m) radius were replaced with copper ones. In addition, the future admiral drew attention to the supply frigate rowing ships, and his artillery weapons. He demanded to add an eighth - a 12-oar semi-frame to the seven rowing vessels relied on by the state, and in the stern and bow part of the battery decks instead of sedentary heavy cannon machines, put six lightweight ones so that they could replace any weapon damaged in battle. ...
Build and test
On September 1, 1832, the Pallas was launched. At this point, from the Izhora admiralty factories brought up 30 24-pound (150-mm) bronze cannons and 22 24-pound (145-mm) bronze caronads, two sets of 175 turned iron coffee pins for attaching the tackle of the runner rigging, iron tiller and iron stockers of spiers, and from the St. Petersburg military port - four anchors Peringa, Plecht (right-wing anchor) of the frigate weighed 175 pounds (2866.7 kg), and the length anchor the chain rope to it was 175 sazhens (373.1 m).
In the spring of 1833, the Pallada was transferred to Kronstadt and brought into the dock for sheathing the underwater part of the hull with red-copper sheets. Such a sheathing protects the body from fouling with living organisms and the penetration of the sea worm-woodworm into it. Copper plating of ships in the Russian fleet has been used since 1781, but not on every ship.
After the completion of work in the dock, they began to set spars and rigging... When equipped frigate standing and running rigging introduced a number of innovations. Each of them was thoroughly discussed P. S. Nakhimov and I.P. Amosov. So, for example, instead of yuffers cable lanyard installed screw, on many blocks the cable sheath was replaced with iron fittings with swivels, and for headquarters and backstays martin geek and for the Borgs of the lower rey they used rigging chains. In addition, some improvements were made in the wiring and fastening of the runner's tackle. rigging.
Description of construction
The underwater part was lined with copper to protect it from algae and shell growth.
In addition, as studies of documents from funds No. 165 and No. 421 in the GRA of the Navy have shown, the command of the fleet considered the Pallada as an experimental artillery platform for the development of optimal artillery weapons for ocean frigate... The commander did a lot in this direction. frigate since 1847 Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich.
Sailing rig and driving performance
- Bowsprit- bom-jib, jib, fore-staysail, fore-staysail.
- Foremast- foresail, fore-topsail, fore-brahmsel, fore-bom-brahmsel, behind the mast - fore-trisel and mainsail-brahm-staysail (or midship-staysail).
- Mainmast- mainsail, main topsail, mainsail-brahmsel, mainsail-bom-brahmsel, behind the mast - mainsail-trisel.
- Mizzen mast- cruise-marseille, cruise-brahmsel, cruise-bom-brahmsel, behind the mast - trisel.
To increase windage, in light winds, two lower sail on fock- and mainmast could be supplemented with additional side sails - lissels suspended on special lissel yards.
Crew and habitability
Each year, the Pallada entered the campaign and made practical voyages for the most part in the Gulf of Finland, only occasionally leaving it.
During the campaign of 1851 under the flag of the EIV of the Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich, the frigate was on a practical voyage in the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic Sea.
Participation in the Japanese diplomatic mission in 1852-1855
The route of the frigate "Pallada" 1852-1855.
In the late 1840s, a Russian diplomatic mission headed by Vice Admiral E.V. Putyatin was sent to Japan to conclude a "trade treaty". The vessel was chosen frigate"Pallada" under the leadership of the aide-de-camp I. S. Unkovsky. Frigate left Kronstadt on October 7, 1852, manned by a crew of 426 sailors and officers.
The voyage began unsuccessfully, leaving Kronstadt and heading for Portsmouth "Pallada" got into a thick fog in the Sound and ran aground near the Danish coast. It took more than a month to renovate. In Portsmouth, a propeller-driven sail joins the expedition schooner"East" (formerly English trade schooner"Fearless"), which Putyatin acquired in Bristol. "Vostok" was planned to be used as a messenger ship and for hydrographic shooting. The commander schooners was appointed Lieutenant-Commander V. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, together with him "Vostok" moved 5 officers and about 30 lower ranks.
Already in early November, Pallada was ready to go out into the ocean. But she managed to reach the Atlantic only 2 months later in January 1853. The reason for the delay was strong headwinds from the west, often turning into a storm.
Time was lost, and Putyatin decides to change the route, fearing stormy weather and drifting ice when going to Pacific Ocean through Cape Horn. Pallada's commander Unkovsky decides to go to Japan along a new route across the Indian Ocean around the Cape of Good Hope.
The Atlantic greeted the expedition with bad weather. On the third day of the journey I rose a big wave, and the overloaded Pallada, rolling from side to side, buried itself in the water up to the bed nets. But within a day, the weather improved and an even moderate wind accompanied frigate all the way to the Cape of Good Hope. During the crossing of the Atlantic, the Pallas passed an average of 185 miles per day, sometimes developing a speed of 12 knots.
After 78 days of crossing the Atlantic, on March 24, 1853, the Pallas entered Simonstown Harbor at the foot of Table Mountain (southern tip of Africa). Here the expedition spent a whole month, carrying out work to prepare for the long passage across the Indian Ocean. The Pallada's hull was leaking and had to be caulked again, both inside and out.
April 12 "Pallada" left the bay. H 120 miles east of Cape Agulhas frigate got into another strong storm. From strong heaving and blows of waves, several beams moved from their places, and in the grooves under streams a leak has opened.
Putyatin decides that it is necessary to replace "Pallada" and sends a dispatch to St. Petersburg with a request to send "Diana" to replace - a new one frigate launched in Arkhangelsk in May 1852.
Despite heavy storms, from the Cape of Good Hope to the Sunda Strait "Pallada" passed in 32 days 5800 miles... Subsequently, in his report, Putyatin wrote:
On June 12, Pallada arrived in Hong Kong. The further course of the ships lay in Japan. En route to the Bonin Islands in the Philippine Trench on July 9 frigate hit by a fierce typhoon. The swinging swing reached 45 degrees, once the ship heeled so that the nok and the main yard went into the water for a moment.
The fight with the elements lasted more than 30 hours. "What energy, sharpness and presence of mind many have found here!" - IA Goncharov wrote with admiration about the team's behavior during a typhoon.
On July 26, the Pallada entered the port of Lloyd (Ftami) on Pil Island (Chichijima). The entire passage from England to Peel Island, through storms and typhoons, demonstrated exceptional seaworthiness frigate... After repairing the damage, Putyatin's detachment left the port of Lloyd on August 4 and after 6 days left anchor in the middle harbor of Nagasaki.
Although the Japanese authorities received the Russians kindly, they adhered to a delaying tactic in the negotiations. Unable to speed up the negotiations, Putyatin interrupted them and at the end of January 1854 took his ships to Manila. After a short stay, Pallada headed for a hydrographic description of the almost unexplored eastern coast of Korea. Then, under the leadership of KN Posiet, Russian sailors discovered the bays of Posiet and Olga, the bays of Unkovsky and Lazarev, the islands of Khalizov and Goncharov and the Pallada raid.
Doom
Arriving on May 17 in the Tatar Strait, "Pallada" met there schooner"East", which delivered the news of the entry of England and France into Crimean war, as well as the order of the Governor-General of Siberia N.N.Muravyev to all Russian ships in the Far East to gather in De-Kastri Bay.
Arriving on May 22 at the Imperial Gavan (now Sovetskaya Gavan), the Pallada found there the transport Prince Menshikov, from which they passed on the requirement of the maritime department to examine the Pallada "for its reliability" for the return voyage to Kronstadt and for use in as part of the Siberian flotilla. Certification frigate showed that in order to carry out further service, it requires major repairs at the dock.
For more than two months, from late June to early September 1854, the Pallada commander tried to enter frigate to Amur, to shelter it from the ships of the British squadron of Admiral Price, which appeared in the waters of the Far East. Although