Australia Sydney Theater. Sydney Opera House in Australia - Ship floating on Waves of Art

The green continent is famous for the whole world not only thanks to Kangaroo, koalas, warm Ocean. and bronze gods of surfing. There is here I. unique facilities. At the Cape Bennelong, like a fantastic sailboat, rushes a bulk from concrete and glass. This is known for all in Sydney every day you can see many tourists. And be sure that one half of them had already seen a unique building, and the other will certainly visit it in the near future.

New miracle

If Moscow, foreigners easily find out in Red Square, Mausoleum, the fancy opera house is undoubtedly resurrecting in our imagination Sydney. Photos This attractions can be seen on any souvenir products from Australia. The snow-selling grinding raised over the harbor has become one of the masterpieces of world architecture. The building has not only a catchy exterior, but also curious history.

in numbers

The height of the construction is 67 meters. The length of the building is 185 meters, and the distance in the widest place is 120 m. Weight, according to the calculations of engineers, is 161,000 tons, and the area is 2.2 hectares. On the rods of the roofs about 1 million tiles. In addition to the two largest halls, there are more than 900 premises here. At the same time, about 10,000 spectators can accommodate in the theater. In the year, the Opera House in Sydney is attended by 4 million people.

A bit of history

Australia has never been the center musical culture. By the beginning of the twentieth century, the continent functioned his symphony orchestra, but he did not have his own premises. Only when the position of chief director received Eugene Guusens, they spoke aloud. However, the military and post-war time did not have to start large-scale projects. Only by the middle of the twentieth century, in 1955, the government issued permission to build. But the funds from the budget did not allocate. The search for investors began in 1954 and did not stop throughout the construction. In the competition best project Works presented 233 architects. Already at this stage it became clear where a new one will be erected musical Theatre. In Sydney, of course.

Most of the applications of the jury rejected, but one of the members of the Commission - Eero Saranin - actively made a certain unfortunate applicant. They turned out to be a native of Denmark - Yorn Razon. For the implementation of the project was allocated for 4 years, the budget was $ 7 million. Despite the plans, by the end of the 60s, the Opera House in Sydney was still in the process of construction. The architect was accused of not fitting in the estimate and is not able to embody the conceived reality. With sin in half, construction was still over. And in 1973, Queen Elizabeth II participated in the opening of the theater. Instead of necessary for the construction four yearsThe project demanded 14, and instead of 7 million budget - 102. Be that as it may, the building built on conscience. Even 40 years later, the repair was still not required.

Theater architectural style

In the post-war time in the architecture reigned the so-called international style, the favorite forms of which are gray concrete boxes of purely utilitarian purposes. Under this fashion and Australia. In Sydney, became a happy exception. It was in the 50s that the world was tired of monotony and began to acquire popularity new style - Structural expressionism. His large adherent and was the Eerro Saarinen, thanks to which a little-known Dane conquered Sydney. Photos of this theater can now be found in any architecture textbook. Building - classic example Expressionism. The design for that time was innovative, but in the era of the search for fresh forms, it was impossible for the way.

According to the demand of the government, the premises had to have two halls. One was intended for the opera, ballet and symphony concertssecond - for chamber music and dramatic performances. Opera theatre In Sydney, the architect designed actually from two buildings, and not from the same number of halls. It is noteworthy that actually he is deprived of the walls. On a single base there is a design from a variety of roofs having a sail shape. They are covered with white self-cleaning tiles. During festivals and holidays, the operas arranged ambitious light shows.

What is inside?

Under the two largest vaults there are concert and opera zones. They are very large, have their own names. " Concert hall" - the largest. Almost 2,700 spectators can accommodate here. The second on the area is "Opera Hall". It is designed for 1547 people. He is decorated with "sun curtain" - the largest in the world. There is a pair to it "Curtain Moon", located in the "dramatic hall". As follows from the name, it is intended for dramatic performances. Filmococations are held in the Pleihaus Hall. Sometimes it serves as a lecture. "Studio Hall" is the newest of all. Here you can join modern theatrical art.

In the decoration of the premises, a tree, plywood and pink turin granite were used. Some interior fragments cause associations with a ship deck, continuing the topic of a gigantic vessel.

Some say that the Opera House in Sydney is a fantastic sailboat, others see the grotto system, third - pearl sinks. According to one of the versions, the Uton in an interview admitted that it was inspired to create a project neatly removed from the orange crust. The bike walks that Eero Saranin chose the project, being drank. Charter from an endless series of applications, the chairman of the commission simply pulled at random several sheets from the total pile. It seems that the legend did not appear without the participation of the envious of the ITON.

Beautiful vaulted overlap broke out acoustics in the building. Of course, it was unacceptable for the Opera House. To solve the problem, the inner ceilings were designed, which reflect sound in all the rules of theatrical construction.

Sadly, but the calm was not destined to see her brainchild. After removing the construction, he left Australia to never come back here. Even after the presentation in 2003, the prestigious architectural, he did not come to Sydney to look at the built theater. A year after UNESCO's organization focused on the Opera building, the architect's architect died.

Sydney Opera House (Eng. Sydney Opera House) - one of the most famous and easily recognizable world buildings, which is a symbol the largest city Australia, Sydney, and one of the main attractions of Australia. Sailing shells forming a roof make this building unlike any other in the world. Opera House recognized as one of the outstanding structures modern architecture In the world and since 1973 is along with the Bridge Harbor Bridge business card Sydney.

It is located in Sydney Harbor, Bennelong Point. This place received such a name by the name of the Australian Aboriginal, a friend of the first governor of the colony. It is difficult to imagine Sydney without a opera, however until 1958 in her place was the usual tram depot, and before the depot was at this place.

The history of the opera began on May 17, 1955, when the state government gave permission to build the Sydney Opera House on Bennelong Point, provided that state funds do not need. The building has been announced international competitionTo which 223 works were sent - the world was clearly interested in a fresh idea.

But at the same time, it was very difficult to realize the idea, because two opera theaters needed to be followed on a small section of the earth with a size of 250 350 feet, from three sides by water.

In 1957, Wyscon filed a project of opera in Sydney and won. No one expected this, and he himself - in the first place. His project was a series of barely designed drawings represented, in fact, only the overall idea of \u200b\u200bthe Sydney opera opera - the theaters were put close to each other, and the problem of the walls were removed due to their absence: a series of fan-shaped white roofs is attached directly to the cyclopic podium. But the idea seemed genious jury.

Real design and construction began. This is a long matter. By the mid-1965, the relations of the architect and the Australian government of the Prime Minister Robert Askina came to a dead end. Davis Hajes, the Minister of Construction, accused Yorna Upon to exceed estimates, non-professionalism, the unprofitness of the project and inability to bring it to the end. Waston was removed from the project, left Australia and never returned there. The project was completed by local architects. Not even the opening of the Tson theater was not called. His name has not been mentioned anywhere. And in 1975, Davis Hajes was dedicated to the knights.

It was planned that the construction of the theater will take four years and will cost seven million Australian dollars, however, the opera was built as much fourteen years and cost 102 million dollars. At the same time, the work of so many years brought his fruits - so far the building did not need to repair nor the modernization of the interior.

It is impossible to say that Sydney Opera immediately became a miracle of light. For some time, humanity looked at it. There were postmodern times, and a bright, the desperate modernist attraction of the Upon was worried about anyone. He worried hard times. This is today the name of this unfortunate Australian Minister Hajes is remembered only due to the fact that he spoiled the life of Great Uston. Then the reputation of a person who draws projects that cannot be implemented during Honon. He built only simple townhouses at home, in Denmark, in Elsinor, and public buildings for Arab countries. But neither the Parliament of Kuwait, nor the central bank of Tehran became masterpieces - it was continuously cut by budgets, reminding what happened in Sydney.

But in 2003 Yorn Uton is still deservedly received for the draft Sydney Operating Theater Pritzker Prize.

Sydney Opera House was opened on October 20, 1973 by the Queen of England Elizabeth II. First representation B. new Theater It was the work of S. Prokofiev "War and Peace". Since then, the theater spends about 3,000 submissions annually, they are watching at least 2 million people.

Theater performs the functions of the Cultural Center of Australia. In his nineteals, the rooms are located Sydney Symphony Orchestra, Australian opera, Sydney theater troupe, Sydney dance troupe, Australian ballet. In addition to the Opera Hall, there is also a concert, chairs of dramatic and chamber Theaters, 4 restaurants and receptionroom. Theatrical curtainWoven in France is the largest in the world. The area of \u200b\u200beach half of this miracle curtain is 93 m2. The record holder is also a huge mechanical body of the concert hall - it has 10,500 pipes!

Sydney Opera is one of the architectural wonders of the world, perhaps the most famous building of the 20th century. Self the latest technology And the breathtaking designer ideas to this day lead all guests to indescribable delight.

Concert hall - The largest room inside the opera. White birch wood, vault ceiling, as well as special internal inserts - everything is used to improve acoustic effect. Maximum number of seats 2679. Australian symphony orchestra, Choir of Sydney Philharmonic, as well as the Australian Philharmonic Orchestra - will present to your attention a wide variety music works, including speeches worldwide famous artists and singers.

Sydney Opera House This building made in the style of expressionism with radical and innovative design. The architect is the Dane of Yorn Uton, who for the project received the Pritzker Prize in 2003. The building covers an area of \u200b\u200b2.2 hectares. Its height is 185 meters, and the maximum width is 120 meters. The building weighs 161,000 tons and relies on 580 piles lowered into the water to a depth of almost 25 meters from the sea level. Its power supply is equivalent to the consumption of electricity of one city with a population of 25,000 people. Electricity is distributed 645 kilometers of cable.

The roof of the opera theater consists of 2 194 in advance of the manufactured sections, its height is 67 meters, and the weight of more than 27 tons, the entire design hold the steel cables with a length of 350 kilometers. The roof of the theater forms a series of "sinks" from a non-existent concrete sphere with a diameter of 492 feet, they are usually called "shells" or "sails", although it is incorrect from the point of view of the architectural definition of such a design. These "shells" are created from prefabricated, concrete panels in the form of a triangle, which relieve 32 prefabricated ribs from the same material. All ribs make up a part of one large circle, which allowed the outlines of the roofs the same formAnd the whole building is completed and harmonious appearance.

The whole roof is covered with 1,056,006 tiles of azuli white and matte-cream flowers. Although the design seems to be made exclusively made of white tiles, with different lighting tiles create different color gamma. Thanks to the mechanical method of laying the tile, the entire surface of the roof turned out perfectly smooth, which would be impossible when manual coating. All tiles were made by the Swedish factory of Hoganas AB with self-cleaning technology, but despite this, work regularly work on cleansing and replacing some tiles. The interior of the building is decorated with pink granite, brought from the Taran region (New South Wales), wood and plywood.

The two largest crops from the shells form the ceiling of the concert hall and the opera theater. In other halls, the ceilings form groups of smaller arches.

The stepped roof structure was very beautiful, but created the problems of height inside the building, because the height obtained did not provide proper acoustics in the halls. To solve this problem, separate ceilings reflecting sound were made. In the smallest shell aside from the main entrance and parade stairs There is a restaurant Bennelong.

Official site of the Sydney Opera House: www.sydneyoperahouse.com

Sydney Opera House (Sydney, Australia) - Repertoire, ticket price, address, phone numbers, official website.

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Passengers of cruise liners on the approach to the Harbor Bridge bridge in Sydney see the huge sails raging to the sky. Or is it sash giant shell? Or maybe the skeleton of the prehistoric whale thrown to the shore? Never, nor the other, or the third is the "Opera House" building, the symbol of the largest city of Australia. On the roof roaming reflected from the water solar glare, painting her different colors, Hundreds of tourists on the embankment admire the bay views passing by the courts and yachts.

A bit of history

In 1955, the State Government of New South Wales announced an international competition for the best opera theater project for his capital. Among the 233 constructivist concrete boxes were dramatically highlighted a complex system Curves of surfaces drawn by Drany Yorno Watson. New architectural style Later will be called structuralism or structural expressionism. The author received a Pritzker Prize for his project, an analogue of nobeli for architectures, and the building was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List during the life of the author.

Watson did not see his creation completed. The reason, as always, in the money. A preliminary assessment was 15 times underestimated, the architect was not allowed to complete the construction and did not even pay a completely fee. He managed to build only an extraordinary roof, and other people were engaged in decoration of the facade and interior. Already later, on the eve of the Olympics, Australians offered Watson any money for returning and completed the started. But he proudly refused.

Architecture and Interior Theater

A huge building from three sides is surrounded by water and stands on deep piles. 2 million matte ceramic tiles cover a concrete roof of a height with a 22-storey house. The changing angle of falling the sunlight stains it in different colors. A completely fantastic evening lighting turns the building in shining gemstone. The surface of the roof often serves as a screen for demonstrating video art and color-music compositions.

One of the two biggest "shells" hides the concert hall at 2679 viewers with a magnificent organ of 10 thousand pipes. Under the other is the opera room for 1547 seats. His scene adorns the curtain-tapestry, woven in the Obuson, is called the "sun curtain".

The sound under the magnificent roof is monstrically distorted. Acoustics had to build insulating ceilings over the halls and form an interior with these features.

The third room with a capacity of 544 people is assigned to a dramatic theater. His layouts are hidden behind the "moon curtain", also from french masters. The 4th is designed for lectures and demonstration of movies. In the 5th, avant-garde theater troupes with experimental performances are acting. In the smallest shell, a little on the side of the restaurant Bennelong.

Today Opera House - the main cultural Center Not only Sydney, but all Australia. On his scenes there are performances daily, orchestras are playing, art exhibitions are held in the lobby.

Practical information

Address: SYDNEY NSW 2000, Bennelong Point. Website (in English).

How to get there: on the train, bus or ferry to the Circular Quay Transfer node, then on foot on the embankment of 10 minutes (800 m), of. Sidney Trains carrier website (in English)

Basic Facts:

• Date 1957-1973 years
• Style Expressionist Modern
• Materials Granite, Concrete and Glass
• Architect Yorn Uston
• The architect has never been to the Finished Theater

Sails yachts, wings of birds, sea shells - all this can come to mind when you look at the Sydney Opera House. He became a symbol of the city.

Sparkling white sails rise into the sky, and the massive granite base would be anchored to the straight strip of the Earth, from three sides it was washed by the Water of the Sydney Gulf.

The amazing opera house appeared in the city after in the early 1950s it was decided that the city need the corresponding center performing arts. In 1957, the Danish architect of Iorn Wyscon (born in 1918) won the international competition of projects.

But the decision was ambiguous, because construction assumed unprecedented technical complexity - engineers who worked on the project called it "the design that can hardly build."

Disputes and crisis

The UPC project was unique. He violated many rules. Therefore, new technologies were required for construction, they were still necessary to develop. In 1959, construction began, and it is not surprising that there were disputes and difficulties with him.

When the new government tried to use growing costs and permanent lining in political Games, Uston was forced to leave Australia, it was in early 1966. For several months, people thought that empty shells on the concrete podium would remain a giant unfinished sculpture.

But in 1973, construction was still completed, the interiors demanded not so much time. The Opera House opened in the same year, public support turned out to be strong, although there was no upkent at the opening.

The building is done so that it can be viewed at any angle, even from above. In it, as in sculpture, you always see something elusive and new.

Three groups of the connected seashells are hung over a massive base of granite slabs where there are office premises - Rehearsal and dressing rooms, recording studios, workshops and administrative offices. There is also there drama Theater And a small platform for performances.

Two main halls are located in two main shells - a large concert hall, which hangs the ceiling from round segments, and the Opera House hall, where the opera and ballet are shown.

In the third group of shells there is a restaurant. The height of seashells is up to 60 meters, they are supported by ribbed concrete beams, similar to Veter, and the thickness of their concrete walls is 5 centimeters.

The sinks are covered with matte and glossy ceramic tiles. On the other hand, all seashells are closed with glass walls, which are similar to glass waterfalls - from there are awesome views of the entire district. Of all the halls of the theater, you can go into the overall room below. In both of the main concert halls, you can also get outside, in wide stairs.

The jury of the competition did not lose, choosing the draft Sydney Opera House, although there is a complex acoustics, and a simple setting inside erases the impressions of the masterpiece. Today, the Sydney Opera House is called one of the greatest buildings of the 20th century, the eighth miracle of the world, and it is almost impossible to imagine Sydney without it.

Yorn Uston

Yorn Wyscon was born in the capital of Denmark, Copenhagen, in 1918. He studied at the architect in Copenhagen from 1937 to 1942, and then left to study in Sweden and the United States, and work with.

Uston developed an architectural style, known as AdDitive Architecture ("Extension Architecture" - English). Waston worked a lot at home, engaged in the theory, but his name is forever connected with the Sydney Opera House (although difficulties with this project damaged the career and almost broke the life of the architect).

He also built the National Assembly of Kuwait and became famous for the whole world as the creator of impressive modern buildingsin which modernism is complemented by natural forms. For his works, Uson received many awards.

Jury members appreciated the initial drawings of the UPC, but from practical considerations, he replaced the original design in the form of an elliptic shell with a design with uniform spherical fragments resembling orange peel. Due to the numerous problems, Razon left the project, and the architect Peter Hall ended the work on glazing and interior. But Inton received world fame And in 2003 he was awarded the Pritzker Prize. In 2007, Sydney Opera House is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

The highest concrete panel of the sink at its equivalent height of 22 storey building. Outside, the shell is covered with a chevron pattern from more than a million cream fragments of tiles alternating with pink granite panels. Inside the building finished plywood from the Australian Birch.

Everyone knows that Sydney Opera House is a real architectural symbol of the city, ascended by the architect Yorna Lodon (1918-2008) to the top of the glory outside his native Denmark. After the end of World War II, Uson traveled in Europe, the United States and Mexico and Mexico got acquainted with the creations of Alvara Aalto and Frank Lloyd Wright, examined the ancient Maya pyramids. In 1957, he won the competition for the best design of the Sydney Opera House, after which he moved to Australia. Construction works Began in 1959, but soon he encountered problems related to the roof design and with attempts to the new government to incline it to the use of certain suppliers building materials. In 1966 he left the project and returned to his homeland. He was not invited to grand opening In 1973, however, despite this, he was offered to reconstruct the adopted hall, called the Hall of Upon (2004). Later he participated in the restoration of other fragments of the structure.

The departure of the Upon caused many curvators and hostile reviews, and the appearance of the Hall to complete the project was perceived in the bayonets. Hall is the author of other administrative structures, such as Goldstin College at the University of New South Wales (1964).

In 1960, during the construction of the Sydney Opera House, american singer And the actor Paul Robson performed during a lunch break for the builders of the song Ol Man River on the uppermost area of \u200b\u200bthe scaffolding.

Sydney Opera House can be called one of the most recognizable buildings in the world - which of us did not see these shinking into the sky either sail, whether orange slices growing right from the waters of the Sydney harbor? Opened in 1973 by the Queen of Great Britain Elizabeth II, today this musical theater is a real symbol of Australia. Interestingly, at once, at this place on Bennelong Point first, the fort was located, and then the tram depot, while in 1958 it was decided to build the theater.

Construction history

The Creator of this outstanding building of modern architecture was the Danesan Yorn Uton, who received the highest award in the world of architecture in the world - Pricker Prize. It was originally assumed that the construction of the theater will take about 4 years and will cost the Government of Australia in 7 million Australian dollars. However, due to the interior decoration of the premises, it was delayed at 14 years old! Accordingly, construction has increased and estimated - up to 102 million Australian dollars.

General information about the building of the Sydney Opera

The building of the Sydney Opera House covers an area of \u200b\u200b2.2 hectares. Its maximum height is 185 meters, width - 120 meters. The famous the theater roof consists of 2194 sections and weighs more than 27 tons! All this seemingly air construction hold steel cables with a total length of 350 km. On top of the "shells" of the roof covered with a million tiles of white and matte cream colors, which, with different lights, create different color gamuts.

Inside the building are 4 scenes. The main concert hall accommodates 2500 people at the same time, and the opera room is designed for 1500 people. Two other halls are used for theater dramatic performances. In addition, a cinema and two restaurants are operating in the building.

For almost 40 years of work, the Sydney Opera House has been visited by more than 40 million people, which is several times more population All Australia. In 2007, he was listed World Heritage UNESCO.

On a note

• Location: Bennelong Point, Sydney
• Official website: http://www.sydneyoperahouse.com
• Opening hours: Monday-Saturday from 9: 00-19.30, Sunday from 10: 00-18: 00.
• Tickets: Go to the theater you can go for free at work hours.