The future of Russia depends on the civic position of its inhabitants, adults and children. It is impossible to become a real citizen of a country without realizing oneself as a resident of the "small homeland" - one's street, city, region. The formation of historical memory is also facilitated by the work of school museums, which play a huge role in the patriotic, civic, and adolescents.

The work of the school museum is included in the educational process: through its collections and forms of activity, it is associated with the teaching of various school subjects and with additional education. A similar relationship exists between schools and other types of museums, but it will never be as close and productive. more than any other is included in the life of the local community, and its "quality of life" is directly related to the attitude towards it on the part of the local administration, nearby enterprises and organizations.

Thus, a museum in a modern school is an integrated educational environment where it is possible to implement new forms of organizing the cognitive communicative activity of students.

Conceptual framework for the school museum

The social project "Creation and operation of a school museum" is a program of real actions, which is based on an urgent problem of society that requires a solution. The implementation of the project will contribute to the improvement of the social situation in a particular area, society. This is one of the ways to be included in public life through the practical solution of existing social problems. Therefore, we first identified the problem.

Problem: loss of interest among adolescents and young people in the study of the history of the Fatherland, the Great Patriotic War, the traditions of generations. Now this problem is one of the most pressing in our society.

Relevance: the study of the history of the Fatherland, combat and labor traditions of generations, culture and moral foundations of one's own people is of great importance in the life of every person. Love for the "small homeland" and its study lead to the knowledge of their homeland, the whole world. The museum essentially concretizes and deepens knowledge about the native land and its glorious heroes and workers.

One of the traditions of our school is the organization and holding of meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War and labor veterans. On the eve, students under the guidance of class teachers visit their homes, write down memories of wartime, collect documents, artifacts of the era. This is how interesting material accumulates. And since our school is located on the street named after Hero of the Soviet Union Mikhail Alekseevich Guryanov, it was decided to collect material about M.A. Guryanov and his associates and all collected to present in the school museum.

The purpose of the project: to create and organize the work of the school Museum of military and labor glory named after Hero of the Soviet Union M.A. Guryanov, which will contribute to the civil-patriotic, moral education of schoolchildren.

Project objectives:

• development of civic initiative and civic responsibility among students;
• the acquisition by students of practical experience in research work;
• collecting material and exhibits for the museum, classifying materials, creating an exposition.

Methodology for the implementation of the social project "Creation and operation of a school museum"

In our work to create the museum, we used various methods:

• conversation,
• questioning,
• collection of information,
• expeditions,
• excursions,
• work with the Council of Veterans of the region.

Before starting work, we conducted class discussions, wanting to know "should there be a museum?" The results showed that the museum in the school is necessary and interesting for schoolchildren. The guys supported the proposal, and many wanted to contribute to the creation of the exposition.

We have decided on the algorithm for working on the project:

1. Determination of the thematic field and theme of the project. Clarification of contradictions, search and analysis of the problem, goal setting.
2. Collection and study of information. Development of an algorithm for your own solution to the problem in each specific case. Implementation of the action plan.
3. Execution of planned technological operations. Current step-by-step quality control of the completed.
4. Preparing to defend the project. Project presentation.
5. Analysis of project results, quality assessment.

Stages of work on the project "Creation and operation of a school museum"

1. Organizational stage of work on the creation of a school museum.

At this stage, only the main areas of work and activities are planned. The plan helps to systematize, direct the work, but does not make it formal, does not constrain the initiative and does not put unjustified restrictions. To begin with, we did:

• the creation of an initiative group of 5-6 students (best of all the older ones) under the guidance of an adult (the head of the museum). This is the Council of the Museum, each member of which takes on one of the areas of its activities (search work, design of the exposition, lecture and guide work, creation of a databank, creation of a museum page on the school's website on the Internet);
• Since it can be difficult for children to start from scratch, they need at least a little groundwork, so the head of the museum creates a mini-base in advance. In our case, such a backlog was the materials collected at meetings with the war veterans, the Council of Veterans of the Pechatniki district, letters of inquiry to various archives of Moscow, the Moscow Region, the Kaluga Region to search for information about the partisan detachment of the Ugodsko-Zavodskoy District (now Zhukov ), led by the commissar of the partisan detachment M.A. Guryanov.

At the first stage, it is most reasonable to involve high school students in the work, dividing them into small groups according to areas of activity and working with each of them separately.

Motivation of activity is of decisive importance for the fate of the entire project at the first stage of work. The head of the museum should pay special attention to this issue. Children need to see the results of their efforts and be confident in the importance of the work they do. In our school, trips to the place of death of M.A. Guryanov in Zhukov, Kaluga region. Children visited the hero's grave, the museum of the famous commander G.K. Zhukov.

2. Search stage

In search work on this topic, gradation is also necessary. For example, it is possible to highlight such sections as "Veteran Compatriots", "Home Front Workers", "Children and War", etc. To begin with, it is important to choose one topic of search work, gradually adding new ones. We started with the topic “Veterans - residents of our region during the Great Patriotic War”, since the number of participants and witnesses of those events is decreasing every year, the risk of irrevocably losing the opportunity to learn the real facts of those difficult and heroic times is growing. Biographical material, memoirs, personal belongings, photographs of 40 participants in the Great Patriotic War were collected; their combat path is described. The children received valuable material about the fate of their fellow countrymen who died at the front on the Memorial website of the Russian Ministry of Defense.

3. The stage of organizing the material and documenting the exhibits

The collected search material must be systematized and properly formatted. Documentation of exhibits is carried out in three forms:

• acquisition of funds;
• stock work;
• creation of a museum exposition.

The work of the school museum: fundraising

Acquiring funds is one of the most time-consuming types of work in a school museum. It can be conditionally divided into 4 main actions.

The first step is picking planning.

The choice of theme and objects is carried out depending on the intended profile and capabilities of the museum. There are several ways of picking:

• Thematic is a method associated with the study of a historical process, event, person, natural phenomenon and the collection of sources of information about them.
• Systematic - a method used to create and replenish collections of the same type of museum items: tableware, furniture, clothing.
• Ongoing - receiving individual museum items from the donor, purchasing, random finds.

The second step is directly searching for and collecting material.

The following methods are used:

• collection of oral evidence (polling the population, questioning, interviewing);
• correspondence with people;
• meeting interesting people;
• receiving gifts from family collections;
• work with information in libraries, archives;
• expeditions.

One of the basic principles of any search and research work is the principle of complexity. Following him, schoolchildren strive to explore the topic from all sides, try to connect the events under study with general historical processes, identify their characteristic features, find out the reliability of the information they receive, the role of individual participants in these events. It is very important to teach children to collect and record information about those processes that are the topic of search and gathering work.

The third step is identifying and collecting objects for the exhibition.

Each participant involved in the organization and work of the school museum must remember about the responsibility for the safety of the found and collected monuments of history and culture: it is important to preserve not only the object itself, but also the information collected about it, about its origin. Also, the guys must comply with the legal requirements related to the collection, ensuring the preservation of historical and cultural monuments, that is, they do not need to take from the owners those items that the museum has no right to keep: jewelry, orders, weapons, even if the owners want to transfer them to the museum. ...

The fourth step is the inclusion of the collected material into the museum fund.

It is important to determine the historical value of the exhibit, its emotional and educational impact on the viewer. For accounting and scientific description of the collected materials, as well as for obtaining versatile information about them, field description and accounting documents are used. These include:

• "Acceptance certificate",
• "Field Diary"
• "Field Inventory"
• "Notebook for recording memories and stories",
• accounting books for museum items ("Inventory book").

The inventory book is the main document of accounting, scientific description and storage of exhibits of the school museum. It can be made by the students themselves from a large thick notebook or a book with a strong binding. The book is graphite, stitched along the spine with strong threads, the sheets are numbered in the upper right corner of the front side of each corner. At the end of the book, a confirmation inscription is made about the number of numbered sheets. Recording and stitching of the book are sealed by the school seal.

4. Stage of organizing work on the museum exposition

Exposition at the school museum

The exposition of the museum is presented for review in a certain system of museum exhibits. The procedure for organizing work on it̆ was developed in 2004 by the Federal Museum of Professional Education. The result of the exposition should be the achievement of maximum awareness, combined with imagery and emotionality.

If we compare the work of a school museum with an iceberg, then the exposition is only a small visible part of it. Therefore, we can confidently assert that the creation of an exhibition is a complex creative and technological process that requires a creative approach, experiment, the efforts of a whole team of like-minded people.

The design of the exhibition and work on the individual stages of its creation can be presented as follows:

1. Concept: thematic structuring of the exposition, development of an extended thematic structure and drawing up a thematic exposition plan. We have developed the content and sketches of stands for the decoration of the premises. The expositions reflect the main stages and battles of the Great Patriotic War: "The beginning of the war." "Get up, the country is huge, stand up for a mortal battle", "Battle for Moscow", "Battle of Stalingrad", "Kursk Bulge", "Liberation of Europe. Battle for Berlin ”,“ Partisan movement ”,“ Hero of the Soviet Union M.A. Guryanov "," Divisions of the people's militia "," Youth, scorched by the war "," The war does not have a woman's face "," Veterans of our region "," To remember ... "(in memory of the terrorist act in 1999 on Guryanov street ).
2. Drawing up an art project: preliminary layout of materials.
3. Implementation of a technical project: installation of an exposition.

According to the form of presentation, the expositions are stationary and temporary, and according to the principles of the structural organization of the demonstrated material - thematic, systematic, monographic and ensemble.

• Thematic exposition includes museum items that cover one theme.
• Systematic is an expositional series created on the basis of homogeneous museum items, in accordance with a specific scientific discipline.
• Monographic the exposition is dedicated to any person or group, natural phenomenon or historical event.
• The ensemble assumes the preservation or recreation of an ensemble of museum items, natural objects in a common environment: "open-air museum", "peasant hut".

The choice of one form or another of the exposition, the principles of systematization of exposition materials depends on the concept of the museum, on the composition of the funds, on the creative imagination of the museum staff.

The basis of the exposition is a museum object, and its structural unit is a thematic exposition complex. So, on the theme of the Great Patriotic War, the composition is based on soldier's helmets, shell casings, a sapper shovel found near Moscow. Thematic composition - "Battle of Moscow".

Not separate exhibits, different in content and subject matter, not continuous rows of the same type of materials, but a complex of clothing, documentary and other monuments, united thematically, becomes the main link of the exposition. For a more complete understanding of the events displayed in the exposition, scientific and auxiliary materials are introduced into it.

To enhance perception in the work of the school museum, you can use works of art, music, fragments of newsreels or films, lighting effects and color schemes, presentations and videos independently edited by schoolchildren. We have accumulated not only photographic material, but also video clips, dictaphone recordings of the performances of veterans.

Most often, the principle of thematic selection of exhibition materials is used.

• Firstly, this is the inclusion in the exposition of those museum items that are associated with certain phenomena and characterize their essential aspects.
• Secondly, the use of other exhibition materials of a scientific and auxiliary nature for a comprehensive reflection of the essence of the phenomenon.
• Third, the placement of thematically related exhibition materials.

To implement the principle of logical connection of all sections of the exposition, a clear worked out route, laconic headings and accompanying texts are needed. It is not only a full-fledged scientific commentary that can reveal the information potential of an individual object and the content of the exhibition as a whole.

This role in the museum exposition is played by the explanatory texts of the headings, which represent a holistic thought-out system that reveals the content of the exposition. Each type of text fulfills its function:

• leading texts express the ideological orientation of the exposition, section, theme, hall, thus reflecting the main provisions of the scientific concept of the exposition;
• capital letters reflect the thematic structure of the exposition; their purpose is to provide a clue to her inspection;
• explanatory discloses the content of the exposition, section, topic, reflect the history of the exhibited collections;
• the label is attached to a separate exhibit, it indicates: the name of the item, the manufacturer of the work, place and time of production, a brief description of the exhibit, technical characteristics, original / copy.

Selecting materials for an exposition means determining the composition of its exhibits in order to provide the most optimal disclosure of the topic.

The selection is carried out throughout the work on the exposition, and the final composition of the exhibits is fixed in the thematic and exposition plan. The systematic collection of materials makes it possible to obtain not isolated and fragmentary objects, but an organically interconnected exposition complex reflecting a specific part of the entire exposition theme. The selection is preceded by the study of objects, the determination of their authenticity and reliability, authorship, etc.

Working conditions of the school museum

The selection of museum items is closely related to their grouping. You can group various items depending on the task at hand. For example, showing family ties between phenomena, reflecting any events, comparing objects. One of the methods of comparison is contrast display. The grouping of materials can also occur according to a systematic principle.

Grouping is also possible according to the principle of combining various objects into logical groups as they existed in life, in their inherent environment. It can be the interior of a room with all the objects characteristic of it. Such groupings in museum practice are called “ensemble expositions”.

1. Technical and fire safety conditions for the functioning of the museum.

Preparing premises for a museum is not an easy question. First of all, you need a room for expositions and a special room for storing funds.

When choosing an exposition area, you must be guided by the following rules:

• the room or hall should be located on the shady side of the building, out of direct sunlight. Windows must be necessarily curtained. Fluorescent lamps and various lights for showcases should be positioned so that the light falls from the viewer and at a certain distance from the exhibit. If the room is located on the sunny side, you should darken the windows from the outside with green spaces;
• the room must have a constant room temperature;
• to prevent dusting of exhibits, it is necessary to place them in sealed showcases, to regularly carry out wet cleaning of the premises;
• the equipment must match the style of the exhibition space,
• dimensions and color;
• the exposition should be located at a safe distance from the heating system;
• it is necessary to provide fire conditions (fire extinguishers, containers with sand)

2. Aesthetic conditions

• for school museums, horizontal and vertical display cases mounted against the wall can be recommended. Large items are located closer to the center, small items closer to the viewer. In vertical display cases, small exhibits are located at eye level, and above and below - large items;
• showcases should not occupy the main space and obscure other exposition complexes;
• an exhibit installed on the floor is psychologically perceived as an inventory, therefore it is necessary to install it on a stand;
• the desire of school museums to place all available materials on display leads to its oversaturation and weakening of the emotional impact. A lot of items diminish the value of each of them.

3. Organizational and informational conditions.

The ability to present information correctly has become as important an aspect of museum work as the preservation of exhibits.

The attention of schoolchildren is inevitably scattered when examining monotonous objects. It is necessary to take into account the psychological side of perception. First, the attention of the child needs to be attracted. For this introduction, the launch complex must be exciting, promising, awakening interest in viewing the exposition. When the spectators' attention is dulled, they should go to an unusual object or complex, which again attracts attention.

This is where the most attractive exhibits, unique items, working models, presentations, videos are needed. Such switching of attention must be called several times, depending on the age of the audience and taking into account that the examination of the exposition lasts no more than 45 minutes.

The final final part of the exposition should complete the whole theme so that the viewer has a desire to visit the museum several more times, to engage in a new search.

The work of the school museum: functional purpose

The word “museum” is the main word in the phrase “work of a school museum”. Like any other̆, it has the functions inherent in this social institution. The Regulations on the Museum of an educational institution define educational and documenting functions. The documenting function consists in the purposeful reflection in the museum's collection of items of those historical, social or natural phenomena that the museum studies in accordance with its profile.

The educational influence of the school museum on children and adolescents is most effectively manifested in the implementation of the directions of museum activities. The participation of schoolchildren in search and research work, study, description of museum items, creation of an exposition, conducting excursions, evenings, conferences helps to fill their leisure time, to master various techniques and skills of local history and museum work, helps to feel the history and problems of their native land “from the inside”, to understand how much strength and soul their ancestors invested in the economy, culture, and protection of the region. This fosters respect for the memory of past generations, without which it is impossible to foster patriotism and love for one's Fatherland.

Museum scholars identify the following museum forms of work with visitors:

• lecture;
• excursion;
• consultation;
• scientific readings;
• mugs;
• clubs;
• historical and literary evenings;
• meeting interesting people;
• holidays;
• concerts;
• contests, quizzes;
• historical games, etc.

The purpose of the creation and operation of the school museum is to fully promote the development of communicative competencies, research skills of students, support the creative abilities of children, the formation of interest in national culture and respect for the moral values ​​of past generations. The museum should become not just a special classroom for the school, but one of the educational centers of the open educational space.

The purpose of museum activities is to form a sense of responsibility for the preservation of natural resources, artistic culture of the region, pride in their Fatherland, school, family, i.e. feelings of belonging to the past and present of the small homeland. The school museum, being part of the open educational space, is designed to be the coordinator of the military-patriotic activities of the educational institution, connecting the thread between the school and other cultural institutions, public organizations.

The objectives of the school museum

One of the main tasks of the museum is to educate the patriotic consciousness of schoolchildren. As you know, the museum carries out the connection of times. It gives us a unique opportunity to make the generations of those who lived before us as our allies in organizing the educational process, to use their experience in the field of science, culture and education. The past does not disappear without a trace, it makes its way into the present, leaving thousands of evidences of its existence in the form of monuments of material and spiritual culture, which are kept and promoted by museums.

History is the core of any museum. It can be the story of a family, school, individual graduate, or teacher. Each of these testimonies reflects some piece of history. Such fragments ultimately make up the history of human society.

The principle of historicism is fundamental to museum theory and practice. This principle presupposes the observance of three most important conditions: consideration of phenomena and objects in their interrelation; assessment of phenomena and objects from the point of view of their place in the general historical, civilizational process; the study of history in the light of modernity.

The constant increase in the flow of information requires such an organization of the cognitive process, in which students, in parallel with the development of a certain stock of knowledge, satisfy the need for independent "writing" of history.

The museum has a huge educational potential, as it preserves and exhibits authentic historical documents. The effective use of this potential to educate students in the spirit of patriotism, civic consciousness, high morality is one of the most important tasks of the school museum.

The participation of children in search and collection work, the study and description of museum items, the creation of an exposition, excursions, evenings, conferences helps to fill their leisure time. In the process of research activities, students master various techniques and skills of local history and museum professional activities, and in the course of local history research - the basics of many scientific disciplines not provided for in the school curriculum. Depending on the profile topic of the school museum, children get acquainted with the basic concepts and methods of genealogy, archeology, source studies, ethnography, museology, etc.

In addition, students learn the basics of research activities. They learn to choose and formulate research topics, make a historiographic analysis of the topic, search and collect sources, compare and criticize them, draw up a scientific and reference apparatus, formulate hypotheses, assumptions, ideas, test them, formulate research conclusions and develop recommendations for using the results achieved. ... As a result, children develop an analytical approach to solving many life problems, the ability to navigate in the flow of information, to distinguish the authentic from falsification, the objective from the subjective, to find the relationship between the private and the general, between the whole and the part, etc.

Traveling around their native land, studying historical and cultural monuments, natural objects, talking with participants and eyewitnesses of the events being studied, getting acquainted with documentary, figurative objects of heritage in their environment, in museums and archives, students receive more specific and imaginative ideas about history, culture and nature of their city, they learn to understand how the history of the small homeland is connected with the history of Russia, how various historical, political and socio-economic processes occurring in the state and in the world affect the development of these processes in their hometown, school.

Thus, the knowledge and ideas of children, gleaned in the study of the school course of history and social studies, are concretized and expanded, the regional component of educational standards is implemented, that is, the history of Siberia is studied.

Municipal budgetary educational institution of Astrakhan

"Secondary school №61"

Social project

"Creation of a school museum".

The work was done:

pupils of grade 8 Isaev Rinat, Sedova Kristina, Toksanbaeva Saida

Supervisor:

teacher of history and social studies of the Highest qualification category,

Honorary Teacher of Russia - Kibkalo N.G.

MBOU "Secondary School No. 61", Astrakhan

Astrakhan

Introduction ………………………………………………………………… ...	p. 3
Chapter I. What is the School Museum? ………………………………………… ..	p. 5
Chapter II. Description of the project …………………………………………………	page 8
Chapter III. Implementation of the project "Creation of a school museum" …………….	p. 12
Conclusion …………………………………………………………………..	p. 14
Literature ……………………………………………………………… ...	page 16
Application ………………………………………………………………….	p. 18

INTRODUCTION

I look at the museum stands ...
How time plays with memory!
Only legends live forever
And truths all die.

Akaki Shveik
Each person is a kind of discoverer, he goes to the old truths like the world in his own way. But at the source of the long road of life, each of us has our own small homeland, with its own appearance, with its own beauty. She appears to a person in childhood and remains with him for life. Therefore, it is very important to know the history of your city, school, family, your roots. Everyone who loves their homeland should know not only its present, but also its past. How our ancestors lived, how they worked.

The history of the past is the memory of peoples. In it are our roots, the roots of today's phenomena. History keeps in itself the experience of generations, great names, exploits of people and much more. This is the story of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers. If a person does not know the history of his people, does not love or respect its cultural traditions, then he can hardly be called a worthy citizen of his homeland. The main instrument for preserving the historical past is the museum. It is he who allows you to collect, systematize and preserve grains, traces of past eras. The word "museum" comes from the Greek "museion" and the Latin "museum" - "temple".

The museum is a place dedicated to the arts and sciences. Once upon a time there was a museum in our school №61, but then the need for it disappeared, the exhibits went to the basement, they forgot about it.

In 2010, when addressing the Federal Assembly, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev spoke out that the state is focusing on educating a citizen of the Russian Federation, a patriot, a bearer of the values ​​of civil society, who is aware of his involvement in the fate of the Motherland. To fulfill this task, many schools began to create again, to revive their museums. The idea of ​​reviving the museum in our school has been alive for a long time. The school administration, parents and residents of the village in which our school is the main cultural object, and the students themselves spoke about the need for such a "temple". To implement this idea, we have developed a project to revive the museum of our school. A museum that will be addressed to schoolchildren and will be interesting for them, in the creation of which they will take a direct part, and subsequently will be its main visitors and participants in all types of activities.

Objective of the project:

1. 
   Revival, creation of a museum at school # 61;
2. 
   Revival and preservation of the history and spiritual values ​​of the Svobodny village and school No. 61;
3. 
   Development of communicative competencies, research skills, search work.

Project objectives:

1. 
   Develop a program and plan for the revival of the school museum;
2. 
   Determine the stages and terms of the revival of the museum;
3. 
   Collect, study and organize the available exhibits;
4. 
   Determine the directions of work and the exposition of the museum;
5. 
   Determine the sources and cost estimates for the revival of the museum;
6. 
   Open a museum at school number 61;
7. 
   Continue work on replenishing the fund, the exposition of the museum.

Expected Result:

Creation of a school museum, integration of museum and educational activities in order to educate the civil-patriotic qualities of the personality of students. The aesthetic design of the school.

Being ignited by the general idea of ​​getting to know the native land, a children's team is created and it is rallied on the basis of the development of student self-government (search group, Museum Council, Museum Active). The museum creates conditions for the creative self-realization of each student. Active, interesting search work serves as an obstacle to the involvement of students in street gangs. Along with search work, research, excursion and propaganda work is organized. Students are active participants in all of these processes. They are spiritually enriched, develop creatively - they go through the stage of personality formation. Scientific coordinators (museum director and scientific consultant), together with teachers and class teachers, monitor the work of students, help with advice, and guide them in the right direction.

The feeling of the present time does not come from outside, it arises inside a person when what is important for him is what is happening around him and when he himself is important and significant for the world around him. " In this sense, the museum becomes very significant, because the meeting with the past opens up its present for the student. Today it is more clear than ever that without instilling patriotism among the younger generation, neither in the economy, nor in culture, nor in education, we will not be able to confidently move forward. From an early age, a person begins to realize himself as a part of his family, his nation, his homeland. A child, a teenager, who will know the history of his village, city, the life of his ancestors, architectural monuments, will never commit an act of vandalism either against this object or against others. He will simply know the price of them. Knowledge of the history, the past of the people, the native land will increase the vitality and competitiveness of the individual. The project will serve to unite, rally people around a high noble goal - to preserve the past, the present for future descendants, plays a huge role in the formation of peace and harmony among people of different nationalities, strengthens friendship between peoples.

CHAPTERI... WHAT IS A SCHOOL MUSEUM?
Museums are conglomerates of memory.

Georgy Alexandrov
HISTORY OF THE CONCEPT OF "MUSEUM".

The concept of "museum" was introduced into the cultural life of mankind by the ancient Greeks. Already at the dawn of its history, mankind collected and strove to preserve all kinds of objects: literary and scientific texts, zoological and botanical herbaria, artistic canvases, natural rarities, the remains of ancient animals. In Russia, museums appeared in the era of Peter I. Opening the first Russian museum in 1917, he defined the goal: "I want people to watch and learn."

By the end of the 18th century, public expositions were created in Russia with the aim of enlightening the bulk of visitors. At the end of the 19th century, about 150 museums were created in Russia with public expositions for the purpose of enlightenment (a museum of technology, crafts, devices).

At the beginning of the 20th century, in connection with the rise of the local history movement in Russia, the opening of public museums, created at the initiative of the public, and acting on a voluntary basis, was widely opened. Public museums are created at cultural institutions, in schools, at enterprises. These are museums of Battle Glory, Labor Glory, museums dedicated to the leaders of the Communist Party, which are assigned the status of a political and educational institution.

The legal basis for the activities of school museums is the Letter of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No. 28-51-181 / 16 of March 12, 2003. "On the Activities of Museums of Educational Institutions", "Instructions for the registration and storage of museum funds in museums operating on a voluntary basis", Order of the Ministry of Culture of the USSR dated 03/12/1988.

The museum is understood as an institution that collects, stores and demonstrates objects of history and culture.

The third article of the charter of the International Council of Museums reads: "The Museum is a permanent non-profit institution, designed to serve the society and promote its development, available to the general public, engaged in the acquisition, storage, use, popularization and exhibiting of evidence of a person and his environment for the purpose of study, education, as well as for the satisfaction of spiritual needs. "
PROFILES AND GENRE OF SCHOOL MUSEUMS.

The profile of the museum is the specialization of the museum collection and the activities of the museum. The profile of the school museum depends on the chosen direction of the search research activity. Museologists distinguish the following profiles:

1. 
   Historical;
2. 
   Natural science;
3. 
   Picture gallery;
4. 
   Memorial Museum;
5. 
   Technological;
6. 
   Environmental.

The school museum can realize its originality, uniqueness, express its ability to integrate into the educational process in defining the genre. The genres of museums, the main criterion for determining which were the method and level of integration into the educational process, include the following:

1. 
   Museum-exposition (exhibition). The exposition of the museum is a more or less established complex of objects, as a rule, inaccessible for interactive use (closed showcases and cabinets, rigid hanging). The exhibition space is strictly localized, it is used mainly for excursions on a certain, rather limited topic. Museum material is used in the educational process mainly as an illustration. In a school environment, such a museum often becomes a fact of prestige; extracurricular, circle, and leisure activities are minimally represented.
2. 
   Museum-workshop (studio). The exhibition space is built in this museum in such a way that there are necessarily working areas for creative activity. Sometimes such a museum is located in classrooms where technology lessons are taught, or in art workshops. The expositions can also be dispersed in separate rooms. All this contributes to the organic inclusion of the museum in the educational process.
3. 
   The museum is a laboratory. This genre is very close to a museum - a workshop. The difference lies in the nature of the collection on the basis of which the museum operates. These are collections of natural science and technical profile, usually quite extensive. Some of them are located in subject rooms. The exhibition space includes research laboratories and equipment.

PURPOSE, OBJECTIVES OF THE SCHOOL MUSEUM.

A museum in an educational institution is being created "for the purpose of educating, teaching and socializing students." The school museum is designed to form a steady interest in acquiring new knowledge of the history of the native land, to foster the desire and readiness for independent study of the history of the native land. Only the museum has an emotional, informational impact.

The tasks of the school museum are:

1. 
   To foster a sense of patriotism - such a "social feeling, the content of which is love for the Fatherland, devotion to it, pride in its past and present, the desire to defend the interests of the Motherland";
2. 
   To preserve for pupils and descendants originals, primary sources, museum items of historical, artistic or other value;
3. 
   Promote the introduction of museum material into the educational process;
4. 
   Transform a museum item into a means of informational and emotional perception of bygone eras;
5. 
   Promote the inclusion of students in socio-cultural creativity, search and research activities for the study, restoration of the history of the small homeland;
6. 
   Promote the formation of spiritual values.

To create a school museum, a number of conditions are required:

1. 
   Collected and registered museum items;
2. 
   Museum asset;
3. 
   Premises and equipment for storing and exhibiting museum items;
4. 
   Museum exposition;
5. 
   Sources of financing for activities;

The charter (regulation) of the museum, approved by the self-government body and the head of the educational institution.
FUNCTIONS OF THE SCHOOL MUSEUM.

The Regulations on the Museum of an educational institution define educational and documenting functions. The essence of the documenting function lies in the purposeful reflection in the museum collection with the help of museum items of those historical, social or natural phenomena that the museum studies in accordance with its profile.

The documenting function takes three forms:

1. 
   Acquisition of funds;
2. 
   Stock work;
3. 
   Creation of a museum exposition;

A museum item is a monument of history and culture, removed from the environment, passed all stages of scientific processing and included in the museum collection. The main thing for a museum item is its semantic meaning, artistic value or informational potential. All museum items have a number of properties. It is informative, attractive, expressive.

All museum items are divided into three groups:

1. 
   Material (clothing, household items, personal items);
2. 
   Fine (paintings, sculpture, graphics);
3. 
   Written (documents in all media).

CHAPTERII... DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT.

Museums are cemeteries of art.

Alphonse Lamartine
Starting the implementation of the project, at the beginning, we, together with the teachers, determined what our museum would be like, what areas we would like to highlight, outlined strategies and deadlines.

The main strategies of the school museum:

1. Creation of an initiative search group of the museum.

2. Development of the "School Museum" project.

3. Study of local history literature, materials on local history.

4. Think over the necessary equipment, make an estimate.

5. Collection of materials and restoration of exhibits.

6. Creation of expositions, sections of the museum.

7. Decoration of the interior of the museum.

8. Acquisition of museum funds, accounting and scientific description of museum items.

nine . Creation of a council and an asset of the museum.

10. Organization of search, research, excursion, propaganda work.

11. Organization of a group of guides.

12. Organization of the work of the club "Istoki".

13. Introduction of the operation "Search", "Veteran", "Best find".

14. Holding the competition "Inexhaustible Spring"

15. Registration of documentation for certification and certification of the museum.

16. Conducting lessons, seminars, conferences, promotions, competitions.

Terms of project implementation and expected results.

We plan to implement this project within two years: 2013 - 2015. As a result, a museum should be opened, consisting of three expositions: the Museum of Military Glory, the Museum of School History, the Museum of the History of Culture and Life of the village, stands on the history of the school and the village were made and decorated, the collection of museum funds was completed, museum items were registered in the inventory book, the charter was developed , passport and all the necessary documentation of the museum.

Logistics support.

We plan to organize a school team to carry out the planned renovation of the premises and the restoration of the exhibits.

Resource provision

1. School budget;

2. Material and technical base of the school;

3. School charity events;

4. Sponsored parental assistance;

5. Help from social partners;

Guidance and control over the implementation of this project.

Control over the implementation of this project is carried out by:

1. 
   School administration;
2. 
   The governing board of the school;
3. 
   Council of High School Students;
4. 
   The initiative group of the school museum.

The current work of the museum is carried out by the council of the museum, the management of the practical activities of the museum is carried out by the head of the museum.

Expected Difficulties.

1. 
   Low level of funding;
2. 
   Insufficient material and technical base, small area of ​​the premises;
3. 
   The workload of teachers and students.

Expected results.

1. A functioning school museum;

2. Formed student asset of the school museum with the skills of socially significant activities and the basics of professional self-determination;

3. Created thematic expositions;

4. Organized educational process in close cooperation with the activities of the school museum;

5.Increasing the level of moral and military-patriotic education

The main stages of work:

First stage - Preparatory

January - March 2013.

A) Create a creative group - an asset of the museum;

B) Develop information leaflets on the revival of the school museum for students, teachers, parents, the public;

C) Inform the teaching staff about the idea of ​​reviving the school museum in order to support the project;

D) Apply to the council of the student body, the parent committee in order to involve the students of the school and their parents in the project;

G) Prepare questions for a sociological survey and conduct a sociological survey of students, teachers, parents, the public in order to determine the profile and genre of the future museum;

H) Develop the concept of the museum, substantiate the idea of ​​the museum, define the profile;

K) Determine a place in the school building to house the museum;

K) Perform an audit of the existing museum exhibits and archival documents;

M) Draw up a cost estimate for the renovation of the premises, preparation, design and placement of expositions (see Appendix # 1);

H) Seek financial opportunities for the renovation of the premises and the design of museum exhibits.

The second stage is the main one.

Activities for the revival of the museum.

May - September 2013

A) Attraction and distribution of funds in accordance with the estimate and work plan;

B) Restoration of museum exhibits;

C) Acquisition of funds;

D) Distribution of archival materials and museum exhibits according to the selected sections;

E) Creation of a card index of available resources;

F) Description of material and documentary sources left over from the former museum, registration of acts of acceptance of items and their entry into the inventory book,

G) Search work of the initiative group of the museum to collect exhibits, documents and the corresponding registration of new materials upon admission to the museum;

H) Execution of documents: museum passport, registration card, labels, cards for a card index, drawing up a card index;

I) Development and approval of several topics of excursions indicating the purpose, category and age of the tourists;

K) Development of a scenario for the opening of the museum;

M) Informing the school about the opening of the museum;

H) Opening of one exposition of the museum.

The third stage - The functioning of the museum and the implementation of the "School Museum" project

year 2014

A) Opening of the remaining expositions;

B) Continue work on replenishing and expanding the museum fund;

C) Completion of the stands and expositions of the museum, equipping the school museum with the necessary equipment (showcases, shelves, cabinets);

D) Development of programs for the museum and popularization of the museum;

E) Involvement of the Museum and its expositions in school life, school activities;

F) Conducting excursions for students, parents, the public;

G) Project activities of students;

H) Documenting the status of the museum. Project implementation.

Fourth stage - Museum development

2015 year

A) Analysis of work for two years;

B) Identification of problems, determination of ways to solve them;

C) Correction of activities to change the system of the museum in accordance with the identified problems;

D) Improving the activities of the museum;

E) Enhancing the research and design work of students, using the base, the exposition of the museum.

Prospective exploration work:

• 
  Collection of information about the history of the school and its traditions, veteran teachers, school graduates, local history material about the history of the Rongi village, the history of enterprises and institutions, outstanding people and events;
• 
  Study of local traditions, folk legends, holidays, rituals;
• 
  Active participation in the collection of materials on the lost wars during the Great Patriotic War, the contribution of fellow countrymen to the victory over the enemy;
• 
  Collecting information about disappeared and disappearing villages.

The estimated museum expositions:

Museum of Military Glory

1. Stages of the Second World War;

2. Medals of WWII veterans;

3. Combat companions of a soldier;

4. Military ammunition;

5. Scorched by the war;

6. Astrakhan Heroes;

7. Children, pioneers are heroes.

Museum of History and Culture in Svobodny

1. The world of the past, the room of the Russian hut;

2. Household items;

3. Braided beauty;

4. History of the Svbodny settlement;

5. Fragment of a room from the early to mid-20th century.

Museum of History and Culture of school №61

1. Soviet past;

2. School chronicle, how it all began;

3. School today;

4. The past in the old photo ...

And so having defined for ourselves all the nuances of the work ahead, stages, mechanisms, strategies, we started to implement the project.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

main comprehensive school with. Gratifying

Vyazemsky municipal district of the Khabarovsk Territory

Project

the creation of the school museum "Memory"

in MBOU OOSh with. Gratifying

Students:

Komarov E., Istomina A.

Danilchenko V., Kornienko E.,

A. Novoenko, V.

Moderators: Milyukova O.Yu.,

Sysoeva S.V.

S.Otradnoe

2014-2015

"And the main thing is: love and love your fatherland!

For this love will give you strength and you can accomplish everything else without difficulty. "

M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin

Justification of the need for the project.

There are many beautiful places on Earth, but every person should love and be proud of the places where he comes from, where he spent his childhood. He must remember what contribution his small homeland has made and is making today in the history of a big country.

This project is of great importance in educating and shaping the personality of students, educating a Citizen and a Patriot and is necessary to involve students and parents of MBOU OOSh in active search (research) activities. It is gratifying.

The School Museum of the History of the Otradnoye Village is designed for students and parents. It will make a worthy contribution to the education of patriotism in students and will help to instill in our children a sense of dignity and pride, responsibility and hope, reveals the true values ​​of the family, nation and homeland. A child, a teenager who will know the history of his area, village, the life of his ancestors, architectural monuments, will never commit an act of vandalism either against this object or against others. He will simply know the price of them.

Since 2008, the work of the research group "Memory Path" has been organized at the educational institution. The guys closely cooperate with the regional archive, the museum. V.N. Usenko, editorial office of the newspaper "Vyazemskie Vesti". Every year they study the history of the village, its inhabitants and the contribution of fellow villagers to the history of the Motherland. The result of the search work is a number of research works:

2008 "Veterans - fellow villagers";

2009 “Teachers of my school”;

2010 "People, years, destinies" (the Kulyk family, "Compatriots on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War";

2010 "Personality in the history of Vyazemsky region: A. Nemechkina";

2011 "Home Front Workers";

2012 “Pages from the history of my village”;

2013 "Otradnenskaya machine-tractor station";

2008-2013 Chronicle "School graduates and villagers in the media."

This rich material needs a wide presentation of the rural community, and this is possible in the museum created at the school.

Also in 2014, the school held an action "Objects of a bygone era ...", during which a collection of antiques was collected, which is valuable for history.

Thus, we believe that our school needs to create its own school museum.

The project will be implemented in MBOU OOSh with. Pleasing in the 2014-2015 academic year.

2. Purpose of the project:

1. Preservation of historical memory and cultural heritage;

Development of interest in history, deepening knowledge of history and the formation of civic - patriotic feelings and beliefs on concrete historical material, affirmation of the importance of such values ​​as: a) love and respect for the native village, for the native region; b) respect for the fruits of labor, the experience of previous generations; c) to increase the historical heritage, preservation of historical memory.

Education of the Citizen-patriot.

3. The main tasks of the project:

1. To generalize and systematize the accumulated search material in accordance with the chosen directions;

2. creation of a museum;

4. regular replenishment and updating of museum expositions;

5. development of students' interest in history, research, scientific and educational activities;

6. familiarizing students with socially useful work, developing the activities of children to protect memorable places, historical and cultural monuments of their native village, region.

7. involvement of teachers, parents, students and other members of the public in the project.

4. Description of the project implementation.

There is no special room in the school building for organizing a school museum. Therefore, it was decided to organize a school museum corner in the history office. To achieve the set goals and objectives, we have already purchased display-cases and materials for stands. It is necessary to organize the material by directions and place it. Antiquities after registration in the book will be placed in showcases. We believe that the museum corner in the school will help increasing interest in the history of your village, district; active participation in historical and local history competitions, quizzes, olympiads, hikes, excursions; the formation of a civil-patriotic position among schoolchildren.

5. Planned activity.

The project is designed for 1 academic year (2014 -2015) and includes 3 stages:

Stage I - preparatory ( September - November 2014.)

Stage III - final (March 2015)

Preparatory stage ( September - November 2014 G .)

Its main task is to create conditions for the successful implementation of the project.

Analysis of the state of the school's capabilities.

Creation of a regulatory framework for the school museum corner.

Updating the project among the participants in the educational process.

Determination of the circle of persons from among the teachers, school administration for project management, distribution of roles, creation of a working group.

Acquaintance with the experience of using school museums in the educational process in other schools of the Vyazemsky district.

Search and attraction of partners for cooperation in the media, cultural institutions, veteran organizations, the teaching community.

Its main task is to create a school museum corner.

Decorate the interior of the museum.

Organize work with students, parents, the community of the village in order to replenish the school museum with exhibits.

The final stage (March 2015)

The main task of this period is to analyze the results of activities: achievements, shortcomings, adjustments for further work in areas.

Inclusion of the museum resource in classroom, extracurricular and extracurricular activities.

Inauguration of the School Museum dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Summing up, exchange of experience of the project participants at the meetings of the teachers' council, SHMO.

Designing the products of the project.

1. Presentation of the final materials of the project on the school website and in the media.

2. Making a collection of the best developments of excursions, museum lessons, lessons of Courage, class hours, integrated lessons on the subject of the project.

6. Work plan for the implementation of the project.

activity

Responsible

Preparatory stage( September-November 2014.)

Study of regulatory documents, and the development of a regulatory framework.

September 2014 .

Milyukova O.Yu. - director,

Sysoeva S.V. - deputy. OIA Director,

Analysis of the state of educational opportunities of the school

September 2014

Milyukova O.Yu. - director,

T.N. Medvedeva - teacher of history

Studying the experience of using school museums in the educational process in other schools.

October 2014

Yarovenko S.A. - librarian, members of issled. Groups "Path of memory"

Meeting of the research group "Path of Memory" on the topic

"School Museum as a Center for Spiritual and Moral Development and Education"

October 2014

T.N. Medvedeva - teacher of history

Purchase of the necessary equipment

November 2014

Milyukova O.Yu. –Director, Managing Board

Carrying out an action

"Items of a bygone era ..."

December-February, 2014

T.N. Medvedeva - teacher of history

Members of issled. Groups "Path of memory"

Decorate the interior of the museum.

Create expositions, sections of the museum.

T.N. Medvedeva - teacher of history

Members of issled. Groups "Path of Memory", a detachment of volunteers.

Creation of the "Memory" section of the museum on the school website

Tkacheva Y.V. - teacher of informatics,

Members of issled. Groups "Path of memory"

To continue the exploratory work of the research group "Memory Path".

December-March 2015

Prepare guides for excursions in the school museum.

Yarovenko S.A. - librarian

Members of issled. Groups "Path of memory"

Final stage (March 2015)

Analysis of project results

March 2015

Sysoeva S.V. - deputy. Director for Water Resources Management, Medvedeva T.N. - teacher of history

Members of issled. the group "Path of Memory"

Inauguration of the School Museum Corner, dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Izhboldina S.S. - senior counselor; Members of issled. the group "Path of Memory"

Coverage of the project results in the media and on the school website

T.N. Medvedeva, history teacher

Head of research. Groups "Path of memory"

7. Expected results of the project.

As a result of the implementation of the project in the school with. It is gratifying that a modern, attractive, school museum corner, in demand by all participants in the educational process, will appear.

Museum will organically fit into the educational space of the school, which will allow, for example, museum lessons: "Front-line life of a soldier", "Mass heroism as a source of victory in the Great Patriotic War" "Workers of the rear", cool watch: "Our family heirlooms", "The history of my family in photographs", "I am a citizen of Russia", quiz: "History of the village Otradnoe", "History of the school", lesson in Courage"Leafing through the history of the glorious page" thematic excursions:"Weapon of Victory", "Battle Awards", Mind games"Tank landing", meeting with veterans and home front workers, etc. That will help develop the best civic qualities of schoolchildren, their inclusion in creative activities and the cultural and historical space of the school museum corner.

As a result of the project, students:

Will master:

basic national values: patriotism, citizenship, work and creativity, family, social solidarity;

active active position;

ways of solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature.

Will acquire steady need and skills of communication, interaction with monuments of history and culture.

Will learn to see the historical and cultural context of the things around them, i.e. evaluate them from the point of view of cultural development.

Will receive experience in design and research activities, which according to the Federal State Educational Standards are a priority in training, and experience in social interaction.

Are being tested their strengths and capabilities in creating and conducting excursions, lessons of Courage, museum lessons, quizzes, competitions, meetings with veterans and will acquire social experience in the role of guides, researchers, ethnographers, exhibitors.

2.http: //ipk.68edu.ru/consult/gsed/748-cons-museum.html