The largest subjects of the Russian Federation in the population. The population of the regions of Russia and its dynamics

Russia is a huge country with contrasting population. His number of regions of Russia is not evenly distributed. The demographic situation also varies in different regions.

The population of Russia

According to Rosstat, the number of residents of Russia in 2017 amounted to about 146,800,000 people. This puts the country on the 9th place in the number of people on the planet.

The average population density is 8.6 people / km 2, which is rather low for a modern era value. According to this indicator, Russia is one of the least settlements of the world. However, the distribution of residents in different regions varies greatly. So, if the European part of the country is a density of 27 people / km 2, then in Asian - only 3 people / km 2.

The highest population density in the Moscow region is over 4626 people per square kilometer. The minimum indicator in the Chukotka district, where its average value is below 0.07 people / km 2.

The share of urban population in the country is 74 percent. In Russia, 170 cities with the number of residents over 100,000 people, and in 15 of them residents more than 1 million.

Russia is a country of retirees. Their share of the total number of able-bodied citizens is 1/2-1 / 3. Approximately the same situation in Greece. It is knitted with low natural

Number of population by regions of Russia

In Russia, in the amount of 85 regions, of which 22 are republics, 9 - edges, 46 - areas, 3 are large cities, 1 - autonomous region, and 4 - autonomous districts.

The population in the regions of Russia often does not reflect its density. Regions with low population density are usually large administrative entities, while in areas with high population density they are predominantly small in the area.

In terms of population, it is headed by its economic and social attractiveness. From the administrative regions of Russia in terms of population, Moscow leads, where it is 12 million 380 thousand people. It follows the Moscow region with a population of 7 million 423 thousand people. The third place behind the Krasnodar Territory is 5 million 571 thousand people.

Fourth, fifth and sixth places are occupied by St. Petersburg, Sverdlovsk and Rostov region, respectively.

From the regions of Russia in the number of residents in the last places, the Magadan region is standing, the Chukchi Autonomous District and the Nenets Autonomous District.

The population of Russia regions by year

Since 1990, there is no clear to this year in the mill (with the exception of the military five-year plan of fortieth), its stable increase was noted. The situation was worse in the 90s and in the first decade of 2000. Then the birth rate was equal to mortality, but after 2014 a negative trend again prevailed.

At the same time, the total number of residents in the country increases since 2010, which is explained by an increase in migrant flow. Before that, starting from the mid-90s, the population in the country decreased.

In recent years, the tendency to decline in the number of residents is most characteristic of the Central and Western part of the European territory of Russia. In the same part of the country, the lowest birth rate is also noted, and the highest mortality rate. That is, both of these factors act simultaneously, reinforcing each other. In the North Caucasus and in some Siberian regions, the number of residents increases.

The greatest increase in the number of residents is celebrated in Moscow, the Moscow region and the Krasnodar Territory. In each of them, the annual increase in the number of residents amounted to more than 50,000 people. These regions are obviously one of the most prosperous in the country, and therefore are more attractive for migrants. Mostly due to them, this increase was ensured. Population growth due to the natural (fertility minus mortality) of the demographic process is noted in Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia and Tyva.

In most regions, there is a decrease in population. Total regions 60. The leaders on negative growth are Chukotka and the Magadan region. Here since 1990, the number of residents decreased 3 times. A somewhat better situation in Kamchatka, in the Murmansk and Sakhalin regions and in the Komi Republic.

Migration flows

Migration flows are most active in Moscow, Tyumen regions and in the district Sevastopol. Apparently, this is due to their greater attractiveness for Russian citizens. Regions of the Far East and the Far North, on the contrary, are leading on the outflow of the population.

The worst things are the outflow of people in Magadan, Tambov regions, in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District and in the Jewish Autonomous Region, as well as in some other regions.

Russian population population

In Russia, only 2 megapolis. This is Moscow with a number of over 12 million people. and St. Petersburg with a population of over 5 million people. The rest of the cities do not exceed two million people. So, in Rostov-on-Don, it is 1 million 125 thousand people, in Novosibirsk - 1 million 603 thousand people, in Yekaterinburg - 1 million 456 thousand people, in Nizhny Novgorod - 1 million 262 thousand people. etc.

Among the cities with a population less than 1 million residents leads Krasnodar. It lives 882 thousand people. In the second place of Saratov with a population of 845 thousand people. On the third - Tyumen with a number of 745 thousand people.

Conclusion

Thus, the population of the regions of Russia is unevenly distributed. The huge regions on the Asian part of the country are practically deserted, while small edges and areas on the European part of it are thickly populated. Maximum population in the region of Russia is Moscow.

In the territory of the Russian Federation there are 83 subjects, among which the republics, edges, regions, autonomous districts and the cities of federal significance. The territory occupied by some Russian regions surpasses even such significant states as France, Spain, the United Kingdom, etc.

In Top-10 entered the largest areas in Russia According to the occupied area.

Area 144 thousand square meters. KM

Opens the top ten of the largest regions of the Russian Federation. It is located on an area of \u200b\u200b144 thousand square meters. km, in percentage ratio equals approximately 0.85% of the country. About 1.2 million people live here, and the population density is 8.22 people / sq. km. The subject was formed in 1937 by dividing the Northern Region to Arkhangelsk and Vologda.

Area 145 thousand square meters. KM

It is located on the ninth place among the largest regions of the Russian state. It covers an area of \u200b\u200b145 thousand square meters. km. - 0.85% of the entire territory of the Russian Federation. The date of its education is considered on May 28, 1938. 762,173 people live on the territory of the entity, which is 5.26 people / sq. km. About 70% of the area occupies the Kola Peninsula. In the territory of the region is the Baltic Crystal Shield, which is a real mineralogical treasury, which has no equal in the world in the world's variety of minerals and minerals. Some of them do not occur anywhere else.

Area 177 thousand square meters. KM

It takes the eighth line among the largest regions of the Russian Federation. The area occupied by it is 177 thousand square meters. km, which is 1.4% of the entire territory of Russia. About 2.7 million people live in the region, and the population density equals 15.54% of people. / Sq. km. The bulk of the population is Russian (93%), about 7% falls on the Germans, Ukrainians and Tatars. The subject was formed in 1937, when the West Siberian region was divided into the Altai Territory and the Novosibirsk region. There are more than 500 deposits of various natural resources of the country.

Area 194 thousand square meters. KM

It is one of the largest in Russia. Her lands are located for 194 thousand square meters. km, in the percentage of the country's area, this is 1.14%. The subject is part of the Ural Federal District. Its foundation occurred in 1732. The administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, who previously worn the name Sverdlovsk. More than 4 million people live here, which is 22.28 people / sq. km. This is one of the most densely populated regions of the state. On its territory there are deposits of gold, platinum, asbestos, bauxite, nickel, iron, manganese, chromium and copper. It is located the largest chemical plant of the Russian Federation Uralchimplast.

Area 314 thousand square meters. KM

Among the largest regions of the Russian Federation occupies the sixth place. It accounts for 314 thousand square meters. km, which is 1.84% of the entire territory of the state. About 63% of the entire area occupy taiga forests, and 29% falls on the swamp. According to the territory of the territory of the Tomsk region a little more Poland (310 thousand square meters). The subject is part of the Siberian Federal District. Date of his education - August 13, 1944. More than 1 million people live in the Tomsk region, which is 3.42 people in the population density. km. As for natural resources, the territory is replete with them: there is about 100 oil fields, the largest reserves of coal, non-ferrous and ferrous metals, peat and natural gas.

Area 362 thousand square meters. KM

It is located in fifth place among the largest regions of Russia. It occupies a territory of 362 thousand square meters. km, which in the percentage equals 2.12% of the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe Russian Federation. The date of education of the subject is considered to be 20 October 1932. For a long time, he was part of the Khabarovsk Territory, but in 1948 he was allocated to an independent area. In total, 805 thousand 689 people live in the region, and the population density is 2.23 people / sq. km. Currently, one of the world's largest gas processing plants in which the highest complex for the production of helium will include. In addition, this subject is rich in minerals and has huge stocks of wood.

Area 462 thousand square meters. KM

It ranks fourth among the biggest regions of Russia. Subject with a total area of \u200b\u200b462 thousand square meters. km ranks 2.7% of the state. The foundation date of the region is December 3, 1953. 146 thousand 345 people live on the territory of the entity, which is equal to a density of 0.32 people / sq. km. The bulk of the population is Russian (72%) and Ukrainians (15%). Magadan region fully refers to the districts of the Far North, where the eternal Merzlot reigns. On its territory there are large deposits of silver, gold, tin and tungsten. At the end of 2015, 979 tons of silver and 22 tons of gold were produced here.

Area 590 thousand square meters. KM

Opens the top three leaders of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in Square. The territory occupied by the subject is 590 thousand square meters. km, which is 3.5% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe whole country. According to this indicator, the region is superior to the states such as Spain (504 thousand square meters) and France (547 thousand square meters). The formation of the subject occurred in 1937, when the Northern region of the USSR RSFSR was divided. There are about 1.2 million people living here, which is 1.22% of people / sq. km. The largest plaster, limestone and anhydride deposits are concentrated in the region.

Area 774 thousand square meters. KM

It takes the second line among the largest regions of Russia. The total territory occupied by a subject is approximately 774 thousand square meters. km, which is almost 5% of the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe state. For the occupied territory, it is almost equal to Turkey, the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is 780 thousand square meters. km. The foundation date of the region is considered to be September 26, 1937, when the division of the East-Siberian region of the RSFSR to Irkutsk and Chita took place. According to 2016, about 2.5 million people live here, which is 3.11 people / sq. km. The Irkutsk region is one of the main suppliers of petroleum products, forests, stone coal and aluminum.

Area 1 464 thousand square meters. KM

The largest area in Russia. The subject area is 1464 thousand square meters. km, which is 9% of the whole territory of the Russian Federation. If you combine Germany, Italy, France and the UK, then the territory occupied by them just will be equal to the Tyumen region. Its foundation occurred in 1944 by allocating some regions of the Kurgan and Omsk regions. The population of 2016 data is 3,615,485 people, a density - 2.47 people / sq. km. Approximately 90% of areas belongs to the areas of the Far North. It is here that the main deposits of such useful and natural fossils like gas and oil are concentrated.

Russia is a federal state. The composition includes 85 subjects, which are endowed with equal rights. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the largest region of Russia. We continue the rating of the largest subjects of the country in the area and population.

On the territory occupied

1. Republic of Sakha. Yakutia is part of Northeast Siberia. Area - 3083,523 thousand km². Capital - Yakutsk. The Republic of Sakha ranks first in the world largest among administrative-territorial units. 2 state languages: Russian and Yakutsky. 40% of the locality is located outside the northern polar circle.

Natural zones: Taiga, Forestandra and Tundra. 80% of the terrain - forests. Temperature norms: July +19.5 ° C, January -38,6 ° C. There are 3 time zones in the republic (+6, +7, +8 hours regarding Moscow time).

Founded in 1934. Area - 2366,797 thousand km². It is 13.86% of the territory of Russia. In the depths of the Earth, 95% of Russian nickel reserves and 20% of gold. There are 7 natural reserves.

Krasnoyarsk Territory - the hydropower potential of the country. There are 20 power plants on the territory.

Khabarovsk region - part of the Far East. The southwestern zone borders with China. Area - 787.633 thousand km².

The region includes the continental part plus a few islands. Educated in 1938. Natural landscape is represented by coniferous forests - 85% of forest belts.

The Irkutsk region was founded in 1937. The occupied territory is 774,846 thousand km². City inhabitants - 78.9%. Capital - Irkutsk. Ethnic composition includes 37 nationalities, among them:

• Russians - 88%.
• Buryats - 3.2%.
• Ukrainians - 1.27%
• Tatars - 0.94%.
• Others are less than 0.5% (Belarusians, Armenians, Yakuts, Khakasi).

Developing sectors of the economy: forest and cellulose industry, engineering and mining.

The territory takes 769,250 thousand km². The capital is the city of Salekhard. The region is presented by natural mineral reserves, including 136 fields:

• 59 oil and gas condensate;
• 62 oil;
• 9 gas impeners;
• 6 gas.

The population is 536,049 people, of which 61% are Russian.

The Chukotka Autonomous District is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Far North. The area occupied area is 721.481 thousand km². In the east, it borders with the United States in the marine border. The capital is the city of Anadyr.

The region has a borderline regime. The climate is harsh, winter lasts for 10 months. Temperature values: January -27 ° C, July + 7.5 ° C.

7. Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District - Ugra. Area of \u200b\u200bterritory - 534,801 thousand km². Capital - Khanty-Mansiysk. The economy of the region is:

• oil and gas producing industry (81.7%);
• electric power industry (6.1%);
• processing industry (12.2%).

Indigenous peoples - Khanty and Mansi. The word "Ugra" appeared in the title in 2003. A similar definition was called peoples behind the Northern Urals.

Educated in 2007. Area - 464,275 thousand km². The region is located on the Kamchatka Peninsula with the inclusion of the mainland, Karaginsky and the Commander Islands.

There are 300 volcanoes on the territory, of which 29 existing ones.

Territory area of \u200b\u200b462,464 thousand km². Capital - Magadan. According to 1953. The basis of the relief is the ridges. There is a long-term permafrost.

Supporting industry:

• prey of precious and non-ferrous metals (gold, silver, molybdenum, copper);
• fisheries;
• reindeer breeding.

Area - 431,892 thousand km². Created in 2008. Administrative Center - Chita.

The landscape is represented by the mountains. The number of population is 1,078,000. Rural residents - 32%. The supply of coal is 2 billion tons (2% of the country indicator).

In terms of population

Moscow is the city of federal significance. The number of 12.38 million people. It is included in the top 10 cities in the world by the number of residents.

Performed a number of destinations:

• travel center;
• transport hub;
• financial core.

Main nationality: Russians (91.65%), Ukrainians (1.42%), Tatars (1.38%).

Included in the Central Federal District. Educated in 1929. The number of residents of the region is 7.423 million people. Resistant growth in residents due to migration. The average age of a citizen of the region is 39 years.

By the number of residents, 4 district are leading:

• Odintsovsky - 316,000 people.
• Ramensky - 256,300 people.
• Sergiev Posad - 225300 people.
• Balashikhinsky - 225,300 people.

Developed industries of the region: Energy, trade, communication, industry and tourism.

The number of residents is 5,570 million people. 54.6% - city inhabitants. Founded in 1937. Administrative center - Krasnodar.

The basis of national composition:

• Russians - 86.6%, of which 0.1% - Cossacks;
• Armenians - 5.4%
• Ukrainians - 2.6%

The population is 5.281 million people. Men 46.6%, women 54.4%.

St. Petersburg - Economic Center, including:

• trade (21.5%);
• processing production (19.9%);
• real estate operations (19.3%);
• transportation (11.8%).

By the quality of life, the city ranks 176 in the world ranking.

The number is 4.329 million people. The foundation date - 1973. The population density is 22.28 people / km2 - 3 times higher than the average in Russia (8.57).

According to the national composition: 90% - Russians, Tatars - 3.5%, Ukrainians - 0.9% and Bashkirs - 0.8%. The unemployment rate is 6.9%.

Number - 4.231 million people. City population - 67.9%. National composition:

• russians (90.3%);
• armenians (2.6%);
• ukrainians (1.9%);
• turks (0.9%).

Main industries: Agricultural and food industry, agricultural engineering and coal mining. The capital is the city of Rostov-on-Don.

Population - 4.066 million people. Citizens - 61.9%. It takes 1 place among the regions of Russia in terms of volumes:

• oil refining;
• fuel production;
• cattle livestock;
• manufacturing of honey and milk.

The capital is the city of Ufa.

The number is 3.885 million people. State languages: Russian and Tatar. City population - 76.6%.

The territory includes citizens of 115 nationalities, of which Tatars are 53.2% and Russians - 39.7%. The capital is the city of Kazan.

Population - 3.660 million people. Citizens - 80.41%. Industries supporting the region's economy:

• forestry;
• industry (86.4% - fuel);
• energy.

Administrative center - Tyumen.

Population - 3,502 million people. The Chelyabinsk region industry is highly developed due to ferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering.

National composition:

• russians (83.8%);
• tatars (5.6%);
• bashkirs (4.8%);
• ukrainians (1.48%);
• kazakhs (1.05%).

Capital - Chelyabinsk.

Each Russian region is individual, has its own history and internal potential. Part of the subjects in the area are superior to Argentina, France and Spain.