Early Malevich's work. Malevich's paintings: photos with titles and descriptions
Malevich, whether there is no sense?
I say "Malevich" - you present a black square. But Malevich drew not only a square, and many more different color figures. And not just figures. But now let's talk about them. When looking at Malevich's paintings, the question arises: "Why did he draw it?" By the way, the question "why" Malevich is responsible - very long and boring in his philosophical works. If you say easier and shorter - it was a protest. Creativity, as a protest. An attempt to create something completely new. And here you will not argue - Malevich managed to surprise and shock. A hundred years passed, as "Black Square" was created, and he still does not give peace to people, and many consider their duty cougan "and I can". And you can, and Malevich was able. Malevich was the first to think about this - and therefore became popular.Even the artist and that draws inspiration from the masters of Matra!
Malevich was able to come up with a new direction. This direction of painting is called "Suprematism". From the word "Supremus", which translated means "the highest". First, "High" Malevich called color. After all, the color is the main thing in painting. And then, with the arrival of popularity, the artist already called "Higher" his style. He could afford. Now Suprematism is the highest, the best, the only real style of painting.
Supremat artists draw different geometric shapes, most often square, rectangle, circle and line. Colors simple - black, white, red and yellow. But there may be exceptions - each artist draws as he wants himself.
If you want to figure out in directions modern art, We recommend reading a couple of books a selection.
How did Malevich understand painting?
This can be said to one quote:"When the habit of seeing the image of the corners of nature, Madonn and Shameless Venus in the pictures, then we will only see a purely picturesque work."
What does it differ from the work of "unclean"? The fact that painting, according to Malevich, should create something that has never been before. Create, not repeat. This is how the artist differs from the artisan. Craftsman "Stamps" product. And the artist's work is one. Without repeating already created. If we see the landscape on the canvas is a "repetition" of nature. If a drawn person is also a repetition, because people already exist in life.
Malevich came up with the term - freeness. In the picture, we must see freeness, and only in this case the picture is real. Because if you see the object, it means that this subject exists in the world. If it exists - it means that the artist did not draw anything new. Then why did he generally draw? Such here is philosophy.
In addition to the famous "Black Square" Malevich drew white and red squares. But for some reason they did not become so popular.
So, the meaning of Malevich's paintings is that the artist comes up with something that has never happened. By this he excites the public. The public likes to discuss, condemn or vice versa - admire. That is why popularity came to Malevich, and disputes about his work do not subside until now. But Malevich is not only suprematism.
What else did Malevich draw?
All artists before proceeding to such experiments - first learned academic painting. The one by the rules to which we are accustomed. Malevich is no exception. He painted and landscapes, and portraits, engaged in fresco painting.Sketch of fresco painting titled "Celebration of the sky":
Scenery. "Spring":
Portrait of a girl:
After that, Malevich moved to experiments. The artist tried to pass the movement of people with the help of geometric shapes. One of the most popular pictures In this style is called "Lesorb". The effect of motion is achieved due to smooth color transitions.
And these are paintings from the "peasant cycle" of the artist. "On the harvest. Martha and Vanka. " At first glance, the shapes seem to be fixed, but also a moment - and we will see the movement.
Another "mobile" picture - "Harvesting":
And this picture is called "athletes." Here the main thing is color and symmetry. This is an example, as the direction of Suprematism can be used not only in drawing squares and lines. Silhouettes consist of multicolored figures. But at the same time we see in the picture of people. And even notice a sports form.
Fabrics from Malevich
Malevich created sketches of such fabrics. Their ornament was invented under the influence of all the same Suprematism: on the fabric we see the shapes and typical colors - black, red, blue, green.
According to sketches, Malevich and Alexandra Exter (artist and designer) Master of the village of Verbovka did embroidery. Embroidered shawls, tablecloths and pillows, and then sold them at the fairs. Such embroidery were especially popular at the fairs in Berlin.
And Malevich drew sketches of costumes for the play "Victory over the Sun". It was a play experiment, which challenged logic. The only one musical instrumentwho accompanied the play was upset piano. From left to right: attentive worker, athlete, groove.
What did Malevich inspired?
How could Malevich come up with a new direction? Amazing factbut the artist inspired folk creativity. In the autobiography, he called his first teachers of the art of ordinary peasants. Future artist I looked at their work and understood that he wants to learn the same way. Take a look at the embroidery - here it is, the beginning of the Suprematism. Here we see the same geometry that Malevich will later create later. These are ornaments without start and end - multicolored figures on a white background. Squares. On the Suprematic drawings of Malevich the background white, because it means infinity. And the color of the patterns are the same: red, black, blue are used.
1. At the Porcelain factory in Petrograd on sketches, Malevich and his students decorated canteens and tea sets.
2. Malevich was a designer of the vial of cologne "Northern". The artist came up with a bottle at the request of Parfumer Alexander Brocar. This is a transparent glass bottle, in shape - like an icy mountain. And on top - cap in the form of a bear.
3. The word "weightlessness" usually came up with Malevich. The development (even creative, at least technical) artist understood as a plane that overcame his weight and rose into the sky. That is, the weightlessness of Malevich meant ideal. And the weight is the framework, the severity that pulls people down. And over time, the word began to be used in the value familiar to us.
4. This artist has art everywhere. Even in everyday life. That's how Malevich's office looked like. We see black square, cross and circle. In the middle - one of the suprematic paintings, which the artist painted at that time.
5. Malevich had a wonderful sense of humor. Some paintings he signed like this: "The meaning of the picture is unknown." Funny, but honestly.
6. There is still no Malevich Museum in the world. But there are monuments.
Opening of the Monument "Black Square":
Monument to the work of Malevich:
7. Malevich is not only an artist and designer, but also a writer: he wrote poems, articles and philosophical books.
8. Malevich was only once abroad, but his work was popular throughout Europe. And now most of his paintings are in the museums of Europe and America.
9. All life, the artist thought that he was born in 1878. And only after the celebration of his 125th anniversary, it turned out that the real date of birth was 1879. Therefore, the 125-year anniversary of Malevich was celebrated twice.
10. Recently, programmers came up with Malevich Font. It is read difficult, but it looks interesting.
7 facts about "Black Square"
1. The first name "black square" - "black quadrilateral on a white background". True: "Black Square" is actually not a square. After all, no one is equal to another. It is almost imperceptible - but you can attach a ruler and measure.
2. Total Malevich drew 4 "black squares". All of them are different in size and are in the museums of Russia. The artist himself called his square "the beginning of everything". But in fact, the first "black square" is a painted picture. What - we do not know. There were a lot of disputes - to remove paint from the square and watch or leave everything as it is. Decided to leave. After all, first of all, such was the will of the artist. And under the x-ray it is clear that Malevich began to draw. Most likely, this is also a geometric:
3. Malevich himself explained the "painting" in a different way. He said that he painted the square quickly that the idea arose like insight. Therefore, there was no time to look for a clean cloth - and he took the one who lay at hand.
4. "Black Square" quickly became a symbol of new art. It was used as a signature. Artists sewed on clothes a square piece of black cloth. This meant that they are artists of a new generation. In the photo: Malevich's disciples under the flag in the form of a black square.
5. What does "Black Square" mean? Everyone can understand the picture in its own way. Some believe that in the square we see space, because there are no tops in space and Niza. Only weightlessness and infinity. Malevich said that the square is a feeling, and white background - Nothing. It turns out this feeling in emptiness. And the square is not found in nature, unlike other figures. And therefore not related to real Mir. This is the whole point of Suprematism.
6. At the first exhibition in St. Petersburg, Malevich demonstratively hung "Black Square" to the angle, where the icons usually hung. The artist challenged the public. And the audience immediately divided into opponents of new art and his admirers.
7. The main value of the "Black Square" is that each admirer of Malevich's creativity can hang the reproduction of the picture at home. Moreover - own production.
Finally, I offer such a quotation Malevich, which explains all his work:
"Always require that art is clear, but never require yourself to adapt your head to understanding."
Born in Kiev 11 (23) of February 1878 in the family of immigrants from Poland (his father worked as managers on sugar factories). In 1895-1896 he studied in the Kiev drawing school N.I. Murashko; Arriving in 1905 to Moscow, she was engaged in the studio F.I. Rerberg. Passed the way almost through all the styles of that time - from painting in the spirit of the mobile phone to impressionism and mystical symbolism, and then to the post-methodistic "primitive" (corn operator in Ban, 1911-1912, urban museum, Amsterdam). Was a member of the exhibitions "Bubnovaya Valet" and " Oslenic tail", Member of the" Union of Youth ". He lived in Moscow (until 1918) and Leningrad.
Exposing academic artistic stereotypes, showed a bright temperament of criticism. In his works of the first half of the 1910s, morestary-innovative, semi-binding, determined the style of cubal feast, which connected the cubic plastic forms with futuristic dynamics (grinder (flicker principle), 1912, Gallery of Yale University, New Haven, USA; Lesorb, 1912-1913, urban museum, Amsterdam).
Malevich's important importance was important in these years, the poetics of the absurd, analogous grotesque (Englishman in Moscow, there; Aviator, Russian Museum, St. Petersburg; both works - 1914). After the start of the war, he performed the cycle of patriotic agitristists (with the texts of V.V. Makovsky) for the publishing house "Modern Lubok".
The key meaning for the master had the work on the design of the Opera victory over the Sun (M.V. Matyushin, Text A.E. Krucheny and V.V.Hlebnikov; The premiere took place in the St. Petersburg Moon Park in 1913); From the tragicomic burlesque about the crash of the old and birth of the new worlds, the plan of the famous black square, first shown at the exhibition "0, 10" in 1915 (stored in Tretyakov Gallery).
This simple geometric shape on a white background - and a kind of apocalyptic curtain above the previous story of mankind, and call for the construction of the future. The motive of an all-powerful builder's artist, beginning with scratch, and dominates in "Suprematism" - a new method designed by Malevich's plan, to strove all the previous trends of the avant-garde (hence the name itself - from Lat. Supremus, "Higher"). The theory illustrates a large cycle of free-change-geometric compositions, which is completed in 1918 "white suprematism", where the paints and forms soaring in the space void are minimized, almost absolute whiteness.
After the October Revolution, Malevich first acts as an "Artist Commissioner", actively participating in revolutionary transformations, including in monumental agitation. Slavit " new planet»Avant-garde art in articles in the Anarchy newspaper (1918). The results of their searches will result in the years in Vitebsk (1919-1922), where it creates a "association of new art's institutions" (UNIVIS), striving (including in the main philosophical work world as freeness) to outline a universal art-pedagogical system, decisively Re-regulatory relationships of man and nature.
Upon returning from Vitebsk, Malevich was headed (from 1923) State Institute artistic culture (Ginhuk), having put forward ideas that radically updated modern design and architecture (volumetric, three-dimensional suprematism, embodied in domestic things (products from porcelain) and building models, so-called "architects"). Malevich dreams of leaving the "pure design", increasingly alienated from the revolutionary utopia.
The notes of the alarming alienation are characteristic of many of its machines of the late 1910-1930s, where the motives of amazing, loneliness are dominated, the emptiness is no longer a cosmic-pristine, but quite the earth (cycle of pictures with peasant figures on the background of empty fields, as well as the canvas red House, 1932, Russian Museum). In the late canvas, the master returns to classic principles Building a picture (self-portrait, 1933, ibid).
The authorities relate to Malevich's activities with great suspicion (it twice, in 1927 and 1930, arrested). By the end of his life, he enters the situation of social isolation. The original School of Malevich, formed from his Vitebsk and Leningrad Pupils (V.Mermolaeva, A.A. Merpovskaya, N.M. Suetin, L.M. Gidekel, I.G. Peshnik and others) goes either in applied Design, or in the under- "unofficial" art.
Fearing for the fate of his heritage, in 1927, during an overseas travel, the master left a significant part of his paintings and archives in Berlin (later they were based on the Malevich Foundation in the Amsterdam City Museum).
Casimir Severinovich Malevich was born in 1879 in Kiev. It came from the family of ethnic Poles. The family was big. Casimir was the eldest of 14 children. In the family they spoke exclusively in Polish, they communicated with the neighbors in Ukrainian.
Up to 17, Casimir was brought up at home (the family managed to move to Konotop to that time), and in 1895 he entered the Kiev drawing studio (the artist's first picture wrote at 16 years old, and his friends, judging by his stories in autobiography, sold it for 5 rubles).
In 1896, Casimir began to work (at that time the family had already lived in Kursk). He did not leave creativity, continuing to engage in painting unprofessional. In 1899, he married.
First trip to Moscow
In 1905, Malevich went to Moscow. He tried to enter the Moscow School of Painting, but he was not credited to the course. In 1906, he took the second attempt to go to the school, fell back and returned home.
Final moving to Moscow
In 1907, the whole family moved to Moscow. Casimir began to attend classes on artistic creativity.
In 1909, he divorced and married Sofa Rafalovich, Polka, whose father sheltered in his house of Malevich (in brief biography Kazimir Malevich does not indicate the reason for which his children remained alone without a mother).
Recognition and Creative Career
In 1910 - 1914, a strip of recognition of Nemereimivistic creativity Malevich began. He took part in large quantities Moscow exhibitions (for example, "Bubnov Valnet"), exhibited in the Munich Gallery. It was at this time that he got acquainted with M. Matyushin, V. Klebnikov, A. Morgunov and other avant-gardists.
In 1915, they were written famous work - "Black square". In 1916, they were organized by the Supremeos Society, where he promoted the ideas of leaving cubism and futurism to suprematism.
After the revolution, he, as it is called, "hit a jet" and began to develop a lot of development issues soviet art. By this time, the artist lived in Petrograd, worked with V. Meyerhold and V. Mayakovsky, taught in folk art schoolwho led M. Chagall.
Malevich created the UNIISI's society (Male Malevich's disciples were devoted to him from Petrograd to Moscow and back) and even the daughter's born was called.
In the 20s, he worked as director of various museums and institutes of Petrograd, led scientific and teaching work, exhibited in Berlin and Warsaw, opened several exhibitions in the leading museums of Petrograd and Moscow, taught in Kiev, where a workshop was opened specifically for him. At the same time, he divorced the second wife and married again.
In the 30s, he worked in the Russian Museum, exhibited a lot, but he wrote mostly portraits, although I was interested in architecture and sculpture.
In 1933 he was seriously ill, and in 1935 died. It is buried near the village of Nemchinovka, where he lived and worked for a long time.
Other biography options
- In 1930, Malevich was imprisoned. He was charged with espionage in favor of Germany. But investigators and friends in the bodies did everything so that in six months the artist was released.
- Few people know that in addition to the "black square", there is still a "black circle" and "black triangle", and the "black square" master rewrited several times and only the last, fourth version, completely satisfied.
Kazimir Severinovich Malevich (1878 - 1935) - artist, glorified in the genre of avant-gardium, impressionism, futurism, cubism.
Biography Casimir Malevich
Kazimir Malevich was born in Kiev on February 11 (February 23) of 1879. His parents by origin were Poles. His father, Severin, worked as a manager in Kiev at the factory of the well-known Sakharozavodnik Tereshchenko at that time. But according to other data, Casimir Malevich was the Belarusian folkloride and ethnographer Severin Antonovich Malevich. However, if the personality of the artist's father and raises questions, then it is known that Casimir's mother - Ludwig Alexandrovna - was a regular housewife.
Fourteen children's shower were born in the family, but only Nintero lived to mature age, and Casimir was senior among this noisy Vataga.
He began to draw light hands His mother, at a fifteenth age, after she gave her son a set with paints. When Malevich was seventeen, he was engaged in Kiev for some time art school N.I. Murashko.
Malevichi decided to move to the city of Kursk in 1896. It is connected with this decision about moving - it is unknown, but it is known that Kazimir worked there for some time as a small official, exhausted from the routine longing.
So it could not continue for a long time, so he still threw a clerk career for painting.
His first paintings were written under the influence. french impressionists And, of course, they were also created in the style of impressionism. After some time, he was fascinated with futurism with passion. It was almost the most active participant of all futuristic exhibitions, and even worked on costumes and decorations, in one word, issued a futuristic opera called "Victory over the Sun" in 1913. This performance passed in St. Petersburg has become one of the most important stages in the development of the entire Russian avant-garde.
It is the geometrization of forms and the maximum simplification in the design and pushed Casimir Malevich to the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a new direction - Suprematism.
Creativity Malevich
The artist committed a revolution, took a step to which no one could decide before him in the world. He completely abandoned the pictorialness, even from the pictorialness of fragmented, which had existed in futurism and cubism.
The artist demonstrated its first forty-nine cavoton to the world at the exhibition held in Petrograd in 1915 - "0.10". Under their work, the artist posted a sign: "Painting Suprematism". Among these canvases was the famous "Black Square", written in 1914 (?), Which caused rage attacks from criticism. However, these attacks do not poke it to this day.
Next year, Kazimir Malevich published a brochure called "from cubism to suprematism. A new picturesque realism ", in which it accommodatedly justified his innovation.
Suprematism ultimately presented a huge impact not only on painting, but also on architectural art West and Russia, which brought their creator truly world glory.
Suprematism 
Musical instrument 
Flowerian
Like all the artists of non-standard, "left" directions, Kazimir Malevich during the revolution led very active activities.
The artist was engaged in decorations for the first play Vladimir Mayakovsky "Mysteria - Buff" in 1918, he headed Art Department under the Moscow Council. When he moved to Petrograd, he was heading and taught in free art workshops.
In 1919, in the fall, Kazimir went to the city of Vitebsk, in order to teach in the People's Art School, which Mark Chagall organized, and which soon transformed into an artistic and practical institution. He left Vitebsk only in 1922 to return to Petrograd and work on porcelain factory, To invent more and more new forms of paintings, engaged in studying the possibilities of using suprematism in architecture.
In 1932, Malevich achieved the position of the head of the experimental laboratory at the Russian Museum, where he developed the theory about the "adding element in painting", which was previously put forward.
In the same 1932th, Malevich suddenly appealed to traditional realism. Perhaps it was associated with the trends of the new time, but, anyway, and finish this new period Casimir Malevich never could. In 1933, he was seriously ill, and two years later, in 1935 - died.
From the moment Kazimir Malevich created the famous "Black Square" passed almost 100 years, and the hype around him never subsides. To one opinion as famous picture It was created, until now, did not come. About the history of the origin of the masterpiece, on this moment, There are two versions: prosaic and mystical.
Prosaic version states how Malevich was preparing for a very large exhibition. But circumstances did not develop in his favor and the artist or did not have time to finish the work, or simply spoiled her. And in a panic, not knowing what to do, grabbed the paint of the dark color painted on the top of my work black square. As a result, the so-called "Krakle" effect was formed on the canvase - this is when the paint cracks. So it turns out as a result of applying paints to another, not dried. Exactly in such a chaotic location huge number Cracked people find different images.
But the mystical version states that Casimir worked on this work for one month. Through philosophical understanding The world, when some deep understanding and insight was achieved, and "Black Square" was created.
After the picture was finally completed, the creator could not sleep or eat. As the Creator himself wrote, he was busy with the fact that he peered into the mysterious space of the Black Square. He argued that he sees in this square what people had once seen in the face of God.
Why is this picture known for the whole world? There are few people who do not know about her. Maybe the whole thing is that no one did to Malevich? Maybe it's in innovation?
But! The thing is that Kazimir Malevich was not the first artist who drew a black square on canvas.
In Paris, in 1882, an exhibition was held, which was called "the art of inconsistent" and the exhibition was attended by the work of six artists. The most extraordinary picture was recognized by the work, which was called "Negro Night Fights in the basement" of the floor of the Tilty. Guess what was shown on it? Many artists suffer fiasco, just because they could not properly submit their work.
Born in the family of immigrants from Poland, was senior among nine children. In 1889-94. The family often moved from place to place; In the village of Parhomovka near Belopolya Malevich finished a five-class agronomic school. In 1895-96. Little time was engaged in the Kiev drawing school N. I. Murashko. From 1896, after moving to Kursk, he served as a drawer in the technical management of the railway. Said 1905 came to Moscow, visited the classes in the Moscow School of Painting, Scary and Architecture and Stroganovsky School with familiarizing goals; He lived and worked at the House-Commune of the artist V. V. Kurdyumov in Lefortov. Visited classes in the private studio F. I. Reberg (1905-10). Conducting the summer in Kursk, Malevich worked at the Plenuel, developing as a neo-simpressionist.
Unemployed
Female
Malevich participated in exhibitions initiated by M. F. Larionov: "Bubnovaya Valet" (1910-11), "Oslay" (1912) and "Target" (1913). In the spring, 1911 became close to the St. Petersburg Society "Union of Youth", whose member became in January 1913 (came out in February 1914); In 1911-14, exhibited his work at the exhibitions of association, participated in the courses of the disputes.
Apple tree in bloom
Reaper on a red background
Decorative and expressionistic malevic lines of the turn of 1900-10s. He testified to the mastering of Hogen's heritage and robusts transformed with the picturesque trends of Russian "Cezannism". At the exhibition, the artist also presented his own version of Russian neoprimiativism - paintings on topics peasant life (The cloth of the so-called first peasant cycle) and a number of works with plots from the "Provincial Life" ("Kupler", "on the Boulevard", "Gardener", all 1911, Strettelik Museum, etc.).
Two women in the garden
Woman in Yellow Hat
Since 1912 began creative Commonwealth Poets A. E. Kratcheny and Velimir Khlebnikov Malevich issued a number of publications of Russian futurists (A. Klychey. Split. Fig. K. Malevich and O. Rozanova. St. Petersburg, 1913; V. Khlebnikov, A. Klychey, E. Guro. Three. SPb., 1913; A. Klycheykh, V. Khlebnikov. Game in hell. 2nd Extra ed. Fig. K. Malevich and O. Rozanova. SPb., 1914; V. Khlebnikov. Rady! Gloves. Rice . K. Malevich. St. Petersburg., 1914; and others).
On haykos
Man
His painting of these years has demonstrated the domestic version of Futurism, called "Cubefuturism": a cubistic change in the form, designed to approve the intrinsicness and independence of painting, combined with the principle of dynamism, cultivated futurism ["Grinder (flicker principle)", 1912, etc.]. Work Above 1913 Futuristic Opera "Victory over the Sun" futuristic opera "Victory over the Sun" (Text A. Klychey, M. M. Matyushin, Prologov, V. Klebnikov) was subsequently comprehended by Malevich as the formation of Suprematism.
Woman worker
Soldier of the First Division
In painting at this time, the artist was developing topics and plots of "dusty realism", which used alogure, irrationality of images as a tool for the destruction of inflated traditional art; Alogic painting, expressed asking, transgrational reality, was built on the shocking installation of heterogeneous plastic and figurative elements that have been in the composition filled with a certain meaning, while the ordinary mind with its incomprehensibility ("Lady at the tram stop", 1913; "Aviator", "Composition with Mono Lisa, "both 1914;" An Englishman in Moscow ", 1914, etc.).
Composition with Joconda (partial eclipse in Moscow)
Swimmets
After the beginning of the 1st World War, a number of campaigning patriotic lubs with the texts of V. V. Mayakovsky for the publishing house "Modern Lubok" took place. 1915 The first canvas of the abstract geometric style appeared, soon the name "Suprematism". Invented direction - regular geometric Figureswritten by clean local colors and immersed in a kind of "white abyss", where the laws of dynamics and statics dominated, - Malevich gave the name "Suprematism". The term worried to them went to the Latin root of "Supreme" formed in native language The artist, Polish, the word "supramatia", that in translation meant "superiority", "primacy", "dominance". At the first stage of the existence of a new artistic system Malevich was sought to record the primacy, the dominance of color must be all the other components of painting.
Portrait of an artist's daughter
Runner
At the exhibition "Oh, 10" at the end of 1915, first showed 39 cloths under common title "Painting Suprematism", including the most famous work - "Black Square (black square on a white background)"; At the same exhibition, a brochure "from cubism for suprematism" was spread. In the summer of 1916, Malevich was called upon military service; Demobilized in 1917.
Two men's figures
A carpenter
In May 1917 he was elected to the Council professional Union Painter artists in Moscow representative from the left federation (young fraction). In August, he became chairman of the artistic section of the Moscow Council of Soldier's Deputies, where he conducted an extensive cultural and educational work. In October 1917 he was elected chairman of the Bubnov Valet Company. In November 1917, the Moscow Military Revolutionary Committee appointed Malevich Commissioner for the protection of antiquity monuments and a member of the Commission for the Protection of Artistic Values, in whose obligation included the protection of the values \u200b\u200bof the Kremlin.
Harvesting
Peasant
In March-June, 1918 was active in the Moscow newspaper "Anarchy", posted about two dozen articles. Participated in the works on the decorative decoration of Moscow for the holiday on May 1. In June, he was elected a member of the Moscow Art Collegium of the Department of Narkomples, where he entered the museum commission together with V. E. Tatlin and B. D. Queen.
Pilot
Cow and violin
As a result of discrepancies with members of the Moscow College, in the summer of 1918 in Petrograd. In Petrograd's free workshops, Malevich was charged one of the workshops. Embedded by Petrograd state formulation of Misteria-Buff V. V. Mayakovsky in directed by V. E. Meyerhold (1918). In 1918, the "White Suprematism" canvas were created, the last stage of sopremat painting.
In the country
Portrait of Ivan Klin
In December 1918 returned to Moscow. Adopted the leadership of the picturesque workshops in the Moscow I and II GSHM (in I-X together with N. A. Udaltsova).
In July 1919, he graduated from the first large theoretical work "On New Systems in Art". In early November 1919 he moved to Vitebsk, where he received the position of head of the workshop in the Vitebsk People's Art School, headed by Mark Chagall.
Station without stopping. Kuntsevo
Portrait of unwanted
At the end of the same year, the first personal exhibition Malevich took place in Moscow; Representing the concept of an artist, it unfolded from early impressionistic work through neoshrimitivism, cubaceuturism and an alogic canvases to suprematism, which divided into three periods: black, colored, white; The exposition of subframes with clean canvas, visual manifestation of the abandonment of painting as such. Vitebsky period (1919-22) was given to the composition of theoretical and philosophical texts; In those years, almost all were written philosophical works Malevich, including several options for fundamental labor "Suprematism. The world is like impregnity. "
Three women
Gardener
As part of the activities of the established association "Approtants of the New Art" (UNIVIS) Malevich, many new ideas were tested in the artistic, pedagogical, utilitarian practical spheres of supremacy.
Bathrighteners
Lesorb
At the end of May 1922, he moved from Vitebsk to Petrograd. From Autumn 1922, he taught a drawing on the architectural department of the Petrograd Institute of Civil Engineers. Created several samples and designed suprematic paintings for porcelain products (1923). Performed the first drawings of the "Planning", which became the design stage in the emergence of spatial-volume suprematism.
Suprematism
Samovar
In the 1920s. He headed the State Institute of Art Culture (Ginhuk). He also led the formal-theoretical department in Ginhuka, subsequently renamed a picturesque culture department. Within experimental work Institute conducted analytical studies, engaged in the development of its own theory of the surplus element in painting, and also started making volumetric suprematic constructions, "architectons" who served, on the author's thoughts, models new architecture, "Suprematic order", which was supposed to form the basis of a new, comprehensive universal style.
Head
Portrait of the artist's wife
After the defeat of Ginhuk in 1926, Malevich, together with the staff, was transferred to the State Institute of Art History, where he led the Committee of Experimental Study of Artistic Culture.
Peasant
Red Figure
In 1927 he went to a foreign business trip to Warsaw (March 8-29) and Berlin (March 29 - June 5). In Warsaw, the exhibition was deployed on which lectured. In Berlin, Malevich was granted a hall at the annual Big Berlin art Exhibition (May 7 - September 30). April 7, 1927 visited Bauhauz in Dessau, where he met V. Gropius and Laszlo Mokhoy-Napa; In the same year, in the framework of Bauhauz's publications, Malevich's book was published. "Peace as freelessness".
On boulevard
Spring
Having received a sudden disposal to return to the USSR, urgently left home; All paintings and archives left in Berlin to the care of friends, as it was assumed to make a great exhibition tour with a race to Paris in the future. Upon arrival in the USSR, he was arrested and held three weeks in conclusion.
Higher society in cylinders
Portrait of a family member
In 1928, the publication of Malevich's article cycle in the Kharkov magazine "New Generation" began. From this year, by preparing a personal exhibition in the Tretyakov Gallery (1929), the artist returned to the topics and plots of his works of the early peasant cycle, dating newly written paintings 1908-10; Post-removal canvases amounted to the second peasant cycle.
With a stroller
Scenery
In the late 1920s. A number of neo-impressionistic works were also created, whose dating was shifted by the author for the 1900s. Another series of post-state paintings was the canvas, where the generalized-abstracted forms of men's and female heads, torso and figures were used to construct the perfect plastic image.
Reaper
Athletes
In 1929 he taught at the Kiev Art Institute, coming there every month. The personal exhibition in Kiev, who worked in February-May 1930, was rigidly criticized - in the fall of the same year the artist was arrested and concluded for several weeks to the Leningrad prison of OGPU.
Yellow chaos
Suprematism
In 1931, he created sketches of the paintings of the Red Theater in Leningrad, whose interior was issued on his project. In 1932-33 He ordered the experimental laboratory in the Russian Museum. Creativity Malevich last period Life to the realistic school of Russian painting. In 1933, severe illness arose, led by an artist to death. In the will, he was buried in Nemchinovka, the country village near Moscow. Painter, graph, teacher, art theorist. In 1895-1896 he was engaged in the Kiev drawing school, in the mid-1900 he visited classes in the Moscow School of Science and Architecture and the Stroganovsky school, studied in a private studio in Moscow.
Landscape with white houses
Red Konnya
He participated in many exhibitions initiated by Mikhail Larionov, as well as in the events of the St. Petersburg Society "Union of Youth" (1911-1914).
In 1915, at the exhibition in Petrograd showed thirty-nine canvases under the general name "Painting Suprematism", including the most famous work "Black Square". Suprematic impossibility examined as new step artistic consciousness.
Flowerian
Seeing landscape
From the end of 1919, in the spring of 1922, he lived and worked in Vitebsk. After moving to Petrograd (1923), he headed the Museum of Art Culture, subsequently - the State Institute of Art Culture (Ginguk, closed in 1926), where Nikolai Judtin, Konstantin Christmas, Anna Leporskaya, studied and worked under his leadership.
Black Square and Red Square
Black cross
After a trip to Poland and Germany (1927) returned to figurative painting. In 1928-32 created more than a hundred picturesque work And many drawings included in the "second peasant cycle". Most of them showed them at the personal exhibition in the Tretyakov Gallery in 1929.
Black square