10 famous composers. Artists of classical music

What would our life without music? For many years, people asked themselves this question and came to the conclusion that without beautiful sounds of music, the world would be completely different. Music helps us fully feel joy, finding your inner "I" and cope with difficulties. Composers, working on their works, were inspired by the most different things: love, nature, war, happiness, sadness and many others. Some of the musical compositions created by them will forever remain in the hearts and memory of people. Before you a list of the ten most great and talented composers for all time. Under each of the composers you will find a link to one of its most famous works.

10 photos (video)

Franz Peter Schubert is an Austrian composer who lived only 32 years old, but his music will live for a long time. Schubert wrote nine symphonies, about 600 vocal compositions, as well as a large number of chamber and solo piano music.

"Evening Serenade"

German composer and pianist, author of two serenad, four symphony, as well as concerts for violin, piano and cello. He performed at concerts from ten years, first made a solo concert at the age of 14. In life, gained popularity primarily thanks to the waltz and Hungarian dance written by them.

"Hungarian dance №5".

Georg Friedrich Gendel - German and English composer of the Baroque era, he wrote about 40 operas, many organ concerts, as well as chamber music. The music of Handelae sounded on the coronation of the British kings, starting from 973, she sounds at the royal wedding ceremony and is even used as the Hymn of UEFA Champions League (with a small arrangement).

"Music on water."

Josef Haydn is a well-known and fruitful Austrian composer of the era of classicism, he is called the father of symphony, since he made a significant contribution to the development of this musical genre. Joseph Haydn is the author of 104 Symphony, 50 Sonatas for Piano, 24 operas and 36 concerts

"Symphony №45".

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky is the most famous Russian composer, the author of more than 80 works, including 10 operas, 3 ballet and 7 symphony. It was very popular and known as the composer in his life, acted in Russia and abroad as a conductor.

"Waltz Flowers" from the ballet "Nutcracker".

Frederick Francois Chopin is a Polish composer, which is also considered one of the best pianists of all time. He wrote a lot of musical works for piano, including 3 sonates and 17 waltz.

"Rain waltz".

The Venetian composer and violinos-virtuoso Antonio Beamo Vivaldi is the author of more than 500 concerts and 90 operas. I had a huge impact on the development of Italian and global violin art.

Elf Song.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - Austrian composer, who struck the world with his talent from early childhood. Already at five years old, Mozart composed small plays. In total, he wrote 626 works, among them 50 symphonies and 55 concerts. 9.Betshen 10.Bach

Johann Sebastian Bach is a German composer and organist of the Baroque era, known as a master of polyphony. It is the author of more than 1000 works, which includes almost all significant genres of that time.

"Musical joke."

Any composer that will be discussed in this article can be easily called the greatest composer of classical music ever existed.

Although, to compare the music created in a few centuries is impossible, but all these composers are very clearly distinguished against the background of their contemporaries. In his works, they sought to expand the boundaries of classical music, to achieve new heights in it, not reached earlier.

All the great composers of classical music shown in the list are worthy of the first place, so the list is not presented by the value of the composer, but in the form of information for familiarization.

For world classics, Beethoven is a very significant figure. One of the most executed composers in the world. He composed his works in absolutely all existed genres of his time. It is a harbinger of a period of romanticism in music. Instrumental works are recognized as the most significant of the entire heritage left by Ludwig van Beethoven.

The greatest composer and the organist in the world history of music. He is a representative of the Baroque era. For all his life, over thousands of works wrote, however, during his lifetime, only about a dozen was published. Worked in all genres of his time with the exception of the opera. He is the attitude of the Bahkh dynasty, the most famous in music.

Composer and conductor, virtuoso violinist and an organist from Austria, possessed incredible musical memory and amazing hearing. I began to create from an early age and succeeded in all genres of music, for which it is rightly recognized by one of the great composers of classical music in history.

The most mysterious and mysterious work of Mozart - "Requiem" and was not completed by the author. The reason for this was a sustainable death of thirty-five years. He completed his student on the "requiem" his student Franz Zyusmayer.

Great German composer, playwright, conductor and philosopher. Improved impact on modernism and in general, all European culture at the junction of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

By order of Ludwig II Bavarian in Bayreit, an opera house was built on Wagner's ideas. It was intended exclusively for the works of the composer. Wagner's musical drama goes in it to this day.

Russian composer, conductor and musical critic belongs to one of the best melodies in the world. His work made a huge contribution to the development of world classics. In the medium, classical music lovers is a very popular composer. In his works, Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky successfully combined the style of Western symphonies with Russian traditions.

The great composer from Austria, and conductor, and violinist, and recognized by all the peoples of the world "King Waltz". His creativity was devoted to light dance music and operetta. His heritage has over five hundred waltz, cadry, poles, and there are several operetta and ballets. In the nineteenth century, thanks to Strauss, Waltz gained incredible popularity in Vienna.

Italian composer, guitarist virtuoso and violinist. A very bright and unusual personality in musical history is a recognized genius in world art music. All the work of this great man was shrouded by some mystery, thanks to Paganini himself. He opened in his works new, previously not known types of violin techniques. Also is one of the founders of romanticism in music.

All these great composers of classical music have had a very big impact on its development and promotion. Their music, tested by time and whole generations, is in demand and today, may even be much more than with their lives. They opened the immortal works that continue to live, and move to the next generations, carrying emotions and feelings for whom to think about the eternal.

So, one of the greatest composers has been recognized by Ludwig Van Beethoven for the third century. His works leave a deep mark in souls and in the minds of the most sophisticated listeners. The premiere of the 9th District Symphony of the composer became a real furror, in the final of which the famous choral "Ode to joy" sounds on the text of Schiller. One of the modern films is a good installation of the whole symphony. Be sure to look!

L. Van Beethoven Symphony No. 9, Re Minor (Video Installation)

The XX century is taken to be considered the time of great inventions that have made people's lives much better and in some respects easier. However, there is an opinion that in the world of music at that time nothing new was created, but only enjoyed the works of previous generations. This list is designed to disprove such an unfair conclusion and give the honor to many musical works created later than 1900th, as well as their authors.

Edgar Varez - ionization (1933)

Varez is a French composer of electronic music, which used new sounds in his work, created on the basis of electricity promotion. He explored the timbres, rhythms and dynamics, often used rather rough shock sounds. No composition will be able to fully form an idea of \u200b\u200bthe work of the vain, as "ionization", created for 13 and drums. Among the tools, ordinary orchestral bass drums, small drums, and in this work you can hear the Röv Lion and howl of sirens.

Karlhainz Shatokhausen - Zyklus (1959)

Shatokhausen, like Varez, sometimes created extreme works. For example, Zyklus is a play written for drums. Translated means "Circle". This composition received such a name is not by chance. It can be read from anywhere in any direction, and even upside down.

George Gershwin - Rhapsodia in the style of blues (1924)

George Gershwin is a truly American composer. It often uses blues and jazz gammas in their works, instead of a diathonic, which is usually used by most of the musicians of the classic Western tradition. The work of Gershwin "Rhapsodia" in the style of blues, his greatest job, the one, thanks to which he will definitely remember you forever. Often it serves as a reminder of the 1920s, the era of jazz, the time of wealth and luxurious life. This is a longing for the departed excellent time.

Philip Glass - Einstein on the beach (1976)

Philip Glass is a modern composer, he continues to create in abundance and now. The style of the composer is considered minimalism, gradually developing the windato in his music.
The most famous opera chapter "Einstein on the beach" lasted 5 hours without intermission. It was so long that the audience came and went when they would be pleased. It is interesting because it does not have absolutely no plot, but only shows various scenes describing the theories of Einstein and in general, his life.

Khshtof Pendertsky - Polish Requiem (1984)

Penderec is a composer who was fond of the expansion of methods and unique style styles on ordinary tools. It may be more famous for his other work "Crying Hiroshima", however, it was the largest - "Polish Requiem", where one of the oldest forms of musical work (the author of the very first requiem was Okhem, who lived in the Renaissance era ) And the non-traditional style of execution. Here Penderetsky uses screams, short sharp cries of choir and voices, and the addition of Polish text in the end completes the image of truly unique musical art.

Alban Berg - Mczec (1922)

Berg is the composer who brought serialism into a mass culture. His Opera "Mascotk", based on a surprisingly non-negotective plot, became the first opera in a characteristic cement style of the 20th century, and thus laid the beginning of the development of the avant-garde on the opera scene.

Aaron Copland - Fanfares for a simple person (1942)

Copland composed music in style, different from the style of his American colleague George Gershwin. While many works of Gershvin are suitable for cities and clubs, Copland uses rural motives, including truly American topics, such as Cowboys.
The most famous work of copuland is considered "fanfares for a simple person". When it was asked who exactly it was dedicated to, Aaron replied that an ordinary person, since it was precisely ordinary people significantly influenced the victory of the United States in World War II.

John Cage - 4'33 "(1952)

Cage was a revolutionary - he first began to use unconventional tools in music, such as keys and paper. His most striking innovation is a modification of the piano, when he crushed into the tool of washers and nails, resulting in dry shock sounds.
4'33 "- in essence it is 4 minutes 33 seconds of music. However, the music you hear does not play the performer. You hear random sounds in the concert hall, air conditioning noise or car drill outside. What was considered silence is not silence - this is what the School of Zen teaches, which has become the source of Cage inspiration.

Witold Lyutoslavsky - Concerto for Orchestra (1954)

Litoslavsky is one of the greatest composers of Poland, specializing in aleafo music. He became the first musician who honored the highest state award of Poland - the Order of the White Eagle.
"The concert for the orchestra" is the result of the inspiration of the composer from the work "Concert for Orchestra" Bela Bartok. It includes the imitation of the baroque genre of Concrato Grosso, intertwining with Polish melodies. The most striking thing is that this is an actonally, it does not correspond to a major or minor tonality.

Igor Stravinsky - Spring Sacred (1913)

Stravinsky is one of the greatest composers who lived ever. It seems he took a little bit from a large number of composers. I composed in styles of serialism, neoclassicism and non-concoction.
The most famous composition of Stravinsky is considered "Spring Sacred", which had a scandalous success. At the premiere, Camille Saint-Sans ran out of the hall at the very beginning, swearing exorbitantly high Fagota register, in his opinion, the tool was used incorrectly. The audiences saw the presentation, indigrant at primitive rhythms and vulgar costumes. The crowd literally attacked performers. True, the ballet was soon gained popularity and won the love of the audience, becoming one of the most influential works of the Great Composer.

Everyone should know his story, as well as people that they peaked. For example, in this article we offer the reader to recall the famous Russian composers who are respected and loved not only in our country, but also abroad.

People who have made an unprecedented contribution to Russian and world classical music

In the old days, classical music was very popular. The leading composers knew perfectly in the face and even able to distinguish the works of one great classic from the other. Now time, morals and tastes have changed significantly. And now we are more often listening to monotonous melodies or rhythmic spectatatives, most of which is forgotten the next day. However, several years ago, scientists have proven the fact that the classic has a beneficial effect on the body of a person. There is even a confirmed hypothesis that children, from childhood listening to classical music, are much ahead of the development of their peers. That is why it is necessary to accustom to elegant and exciting melodies from an early age.

But if in childhood a child like a person seemed unwittingly or he simply did not think about the change of taste, it is possible to correct the situation at any time. And start the best acquaintance with Russian composers, famous and loved ones. Such as:

• Mikhail Glinka (1804-1857).
• Alexander Dargomyzhsky (1813-1869).
• Alexander Borodin (1833-1887).
• Modest Mussorgsky (1839-1881).
• Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893).
• Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov (1844-1908).
• Sergey Rakhmaninov (1872-1915).
• Aram Khachaturian (1903-1978).
• Dmitry Shostakovich (1906-1975).

The stories of their lives are not simple, and many are quite tragic fates. You can talk about these people infinitely, but we will try to note only the most important facts of the biography, to form the reader's idea of \u200b\u200bwhat was the great Russian composers.

Mikhail Glinka

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka was born on May 20, 1804. His family was big and secured, lived in the territory of Smolensk province from the same time as the Polish nobleman, which marked the beginning of the family, chose Russia. Parents of the future composers accounted for each other forer brother and sister. Perhaps that is why the upbringing of the kid took the grandmother. It continued so much until her death. Tract for music in young dating woke up in the ten years. He was sent to study in St. Petersburg. There he met Pushkin, Griboedov, Zhukovsky, Odoyevsky and other famous personalities of those times. And I realized that it wishes to make music with his fate.

After that, Mikhail Glinka wrote the first romances, but the result was not satisfied with the end. Own music seemed to him by household, he sought to expand the face. And then, working on themselves, Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka went to Italy, and then to Germany. There he recognized such people as Doniji and Bellini, as a result of which he completely changed the style of his music.

Upon arrival in Russia, the composer revealed his operas again. But some of them were strongly criticized, and Glinka decided to leave the country. And returned after many years, becoming a teacher of singing and actively affecting the formation of classical music.

Mikhail Ivanovich passed away on February 15, 1857 in Berlin. His dust was brought to St. Petersburg, where the composer rests to this day.

Alexander Dargomyzhsky

This unrecognized musical figure and almost forgotten now appeared on the light on February 2, 1813 in the Tula province. Tract for music from Alexander Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky woke up aged seven years. And then, he mastered the art of the game on the piano perfectly. And at ten years already wrote his first plays and romances. Then the future composer entered the service, and after met Mikhail Glinka significantly improved his skills.

Alexander Sergeevich read notes as a book, and his works tried to do such that the music would not overshadow the voices of the performers. In a certain period of life, he was completely free to the lessons of singing the unprofessional singers, and after became one of the consultants of the Russian music community. His greatest opera "Mermaid" almost burned down in a fire in the St. Petersburg Opera House. But now it is fulfilled quite infrequently, so Alexander Sergeevich Dargomyzhsky knows only the true connoisseurs of classical music. This is very sad, because another unusual Opera Composer, the "Stone Guest", consists of recitatives that fully correspond to the rhythm of Pushkinsky verse, and not the usual drawing Aria.

This is precisely this and allocates the composer among others. He did not succumb to the influence of Italy and France, did not plunge the tastes of the public, was not afraid to try something new. He walked his way, relying on his own taste. And inextricably linked sound and word.

Alexander Borodin

Alexander Porfiryevich was born on November 12, 1933 as a result of the extramarital connection of the Georgian Prince with the Military Daughter. The age difference of parents was just over forty years. That is why the newborn was recorded on the name of Kamdiner. But the mother still paid great attention to his kid and picked up for him the best teachers and governors.

From the early years of the future composer attracted music. And after a while he wrote his first plays, a mother took care of the publication. It was then that the country found out about the young talent - sixteen-year-old composer. By the way, Alexander Porfiryevich attracted both a young (at that time) chemistry. He spent various experiences in his own room in his own room, why his mother sometimes came to indescribable horror. And then Borodin entered the Medical and Surgery Academy at all. At one time he met Mendeleev, who believed that Alexander should forget about music. However, his second passion for the future famous Russian composer did not throw, but brought to such a level that the work of Borodin was recognized not only in the country, but also abroad.

Alexander Porfiryevich died unexpectedly. After the rhythmic dance, his heart could not stand and stopped forever. It happened on February 27, 1887.

Modest Mussorgsky

The next greatest composer was born on the territory of the Pskov province on March 9, 1839. It is known about his early years that under ten years he studied at home and mastered the piano. Then she went to St. Petersburg, where he became interested in church music, tried himself in writing. The shortness of his works began to be executed in St. Petersburg and Moscow.

Russian composer Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky is a true genius, an innovator, the third on execuffability around the world. Its creativity is familiar to many, especially the music from the opera "Boris Godunov". However, he was deeply lonely man, so at a certain point was plunged into apathy and added to the bottle. As a result, Modest Petrovich began white hot. The first serious attack was able to stop, but the composer could not get rid of the disease. And on March 16, 1881, the greatest genius died.

Peter Tchaikovsky

Perhaps the work of this composer is the most recognizable, not only among adults, but also among the kids. After all, who does not know the famous "Little Swan Dance"? And Petr Ilyich Tchaikovsky wrote it.

The future genius of April 1840 was born in the city of Votkinse (Udmurtia) and for five years he was superb reading notes and played the piano. In the youth, he began to visit the Opera House of St. Petersburg, where the works of Glinka and Mozart were particularly impressed. As a minister of the Department of Justice, threw everything for the sake of "twin", as his relatives said. But the contribution that Peter Ilyich introduced to Russian and world classical music is so great that the decision of Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky is fully justified.

The Great Genius dies supreme on March 25, 1893. According to the official version, the reason was the cholera. But there is also a hypothesis that he was poisoned. Moreover, many believe that the composer did it independently, deciding to complete the life of suicide. However, this is unknown, so the public prefers to adhere to the first option.

Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov

The most popular Russian composer who could write music without the instrument, was born on March 18, 1844 in Tikhvin (near St. Petersburg). The child began to engage in music completely early, but she did not greatly attracted him. Nikolai Andreevich Manilo Sea, so at the age of twelve he went on his studies in the Sea Cadet Corps, but did not throw music. A little later, he meets in the life path of such great people as Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky and Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin. Then swims on the ship and serves on a fleet, continuing to compose music and drawing inspiration in the nature of Russian lands, domestic fairy tales, epics, songs and promsories. And then it becomes a teacher of the Conservatory in St. Petersburg, which now carries his name.

However, despite its merits, Nikolai Andreevich refers very critical to himself, allocating only two of his operas - the "tsarist bride" and "Snow Maiden".

The great Russian composer Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov died on June 8, 1908 due to the exacerbation of the disease of the heart.

Sergey Rakhmaninov

The Great Musical Worker was born in the Novgorod province on March 20, 1873. Music was fond of almost with infancy, in five years already played the piano, and at nine he entered the conservatory. Thirteen became acquainted with Tchaikovsky, who became the mentor of the young Rakhmaninov. Young genius writes his works that have a huge success. But one work is still negatively evaluated by Roman-Korsakov. This is the cause of the prolonged depression of Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov, as a result of which he does not write works for three years. Shortly after the start of the October Revolution, the composer leaves the Motherland, going to the touring tour of the cities of Europe.

The last years of the life of Russian genius are held in America. On March 28, 1943, Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov dies, staying at the same time in Beverly Hilz.

Aram Khachaturian

Music genius from a simple Armenian family was born on May 24, 1903. In the early years, the future of Aram Ilyich determines the father who sees in a biologist boy. But everything changes when in 1921 the future composer goes to study in the capital and lives at the brother - the famous director. He introduces him to the creative world. This turns over the consciousness of Aram Ilyich Khachaturian. He enters the Gnesinic Technical School, and then throws the biology for the sake of music. The composer writes many works, which with great delight perceives the domestic and foreign audience.

The last years of the life of Russian genius is very hard. He leads a hard struggle with the disease - cancer. Transferred a lot of operations, but the sudden end of his wife turns hard. And on May 1, 1978, Aram Ilyich Khachaturian dies.

Dmitry Shostakovich

The last great Russian composer, which we would like to tell the reader was born in St. Petersburg on September 25, 1906 in a musical family. Therefore, there is nothing surprising that the fate of Dmitry Dmitrievich was to some extent predetermined. He wrote his first creation at the age of nine, and in Thirteen entered the conservatory.

It will not be an exaggeration and the fact that Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich lived with music. Constantly improving your skills, he could enhance the listener with sounds and feelings. In addition, he was an improviser and invented musical masterpieces literally on the go.

Music genius died due to a tumor, which doctors could not be diagnosed for a very long time. And when they still succeeded, it turned out late. On August 9, 1975, Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich did not.

Famous works of the composers mentioned

Earlier we mentioned that classical music has a beneficial effect on the human body, improving the activity of the brain, improving the susceptibility to the sciences, soothing and giving a sense of peace. That is why further we will present the reader the best and most popular musical works of Russian composers, which we described above.

Let's start in order:

• Mikhail Glinka - "Patter Trio", "Waltz Fantasy", Opera "Ivan Susanin", "Ruslan and Lyudmila", "Kamarinskaya".
• Alexander Dargomyzhsky - Opera "Esmeralda", "Celebration of Vakha", "Mermaid", "Stone Guest".
• Alexander Borodin - Opera "Bogatyri", "Mlada", Libretto "Prince Igor".
• Modest Mussorgsky - Opera "Marriage", "Boris Godunov", "Hovanshchina", "Sorochinsky Fair".
• Peter Tchaikovsky, Russian composer, the most famous works of which everyone knows: "Slavic march", "Swan Lake", "Eugene Onegin", "Sleeping Beauty", "Peak Lady", "Nutcracker".
• Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov - Operas "Golden Cockerel", "Tale of Tsar Saltan", "Snow Maiden", "Shahryzada", "Sadko", "Tsarist Bride", "Mozart and Salieri".
• Sergey Rachmaninov - "Aleko", "Surround Knight", "Francesca da Rimini".
• Aram Khachaturian - Ballets "Happiness", "Gayane", "Spartak".
• Dmitry Shostakovich - "Nose", "Large Lightning", "Lady Macbeth Mtsensky County", "Katerina Izmailov", "Players", "Moscow, Cheryomushki".

Here they are famous Russian composers who should pay special attention to every citizen.

The concept of "composer" first appeared in the 16th century in Italy, and since then it is used to designate a person who writes music.

Composers of the 19th century

In the 19th century, the Vienna Music School represented such an outstanding composer as Franz Peter Schubert. He continued the tradition of romanticism and influenced the whole generation of composers. Schubert created more than 600 German romances, erecting this genre to a new level.

Franz Peter Schubert

Another Austrian, Johann Strauss, became famous thanks to his operetta and light musical forms of dance. It was he who did the waltz the most popular dance in Vienna, where balls still are arranged. In addition, in his heritage - polka, Kadrili, ballets and operetta.

Johann Strauss

A bright representative of modernism in the music of the late 19th century was German Richard Wagner. His operas did not lose relevance and popularity to this day.

Giuseppe Verdi

You can oppose the wagger to the magnificent figure of the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi, who remained faithful to the opera traditions and gave the Italian opera a new breathing.

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Among the Russian composers of the 19th century, Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky stands out. It is characterized by a unique style, combining European symphony traditions with Russian Heritage Glinka.

Composers of the 20th century

Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov

One of the brightest composers of the end of the 19th - early 20th centuries is considered to be Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov. His musical style was based on the traditions of romanticism and existed in parallel with avant-garde currents. It is for the individuality and lack of analogs that his work was highly appreciated by critics around the world.

Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky

The second most famous composer of the 20th century - Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky. Russian by origin, he emigrated to France, and then the United States, where he showed his talent in full force. Stravinsky is an innovative, not afraid to experiment with rhythms and styles. In his work, the influence of Russian traditions, elements of various avant-garde flows and a unique individual handwriting, for which he is called "Picasso in Music" is called.