A case from the life of Faina Ranevskaya. An incredible woman! New amazing facts about the life of Faina Ranevskaya from unpublished materials by Gleb Skorokhodov

Little-known facts about the life and work of Faina Ranevskaya

A philosopher with a cigarette, a brawler, a terribly lonely, vulnerable and sympathetic soul ... All this is about a great actress, extraordinary talented person, witty and unique Faina Ranevskaya.

Having not played a single grandiose role from the world classical repertoire in her career, she nevertheless entered the top ten best actresses of the twentieth century. She was idolized simple people and adored by the leaders, she alone, according to contemporaries, could replace the whole troupe.

Today, August 27, the birthday of your beloved actress, we have selected for you little-known facts about her life and work.

It's hard to believe but in the first contract, Ranevskaya's role was designated as a "coquette heroine"... If you look at the old photos, you will find that Faina was really pretty.

In one early review, an enthusiastic critic compared her to a sparkling hummingbird. However, this did not prevent Ranevskaya from being terribly complex about her appearance all her life. “Is it possible to imagine Ophelia with such a nose ?!” the great actress exclaimed.

Few people know that the famous Faina Ranevskaya who all her life barely made ends meet and was terribly ashamed of debt, was the daughter of a millionaire... Her father, Girsh Khaimovich Feldman, was one of the richest entrepreneurs in Taganrog, owned a factory, several houses, a shop and a steamer. It was on it that the whole family, except for the rebellious Fanny, who decided to stay in Russia and make a career as an actress, sailed to Turkey, away from the revolutionary unrest.

Ranevskaya played her first film role only at the age of 38. Her work in the film "Pyshka" by Mikhail Romm was highly appreciated by domestic and foreign critics.

There are about thirty roles in the filmography of the great actress, but the main ones can be counted on the fingers of one hand. The actress from God was remembered by the audience for episodic roles, which in their brightness were not inferior to the capital ones, and sometimes overshadowed them. What is her image in the painting "Foundling"! The famous phrase "Mulya, don't make me nervous!", Which, by the way, was invented by the actress herself, became her business card.

Faina Ranevskaya was three times laureate Stalin Prize , the leader of the peoples was delighted with her game. Brezhnev, presenting the Order of Lenin, completely sincerely confessed his love to her. And the American President Franklin Roosevelt, after watching The Dream, called her a brilliant tragic actress.

In the 60s elder sister of Ranevskaya Isabella, decided to return to her homeland, and live last years with her famous sister. It never occurred to her that she would have to huddle in two rooms, she had hoped that the favorite of Stalin and Chaplin owned at least half of the high-rise building in which she lives!

One day Ranevskaya admitted that when in the 30s they issued passports and did not require any supporting documents, she knocked myself off two years... So, instead of born in 1895, 1897 appeared in her passport. All her life she regretted that she did not follow the example of Lyubov Orlova, who “rejuvenated” in this manner for a whole ten years.

Once Ranevskaya found a mongrel on the street with paws frozen in the ice, by some miracle the doctors managed to save the unfortunate dog. So a Boy appeared in her life, an unusually devoted creature with a bad character, who shared the loneliness of the great actress. Exactly the dog, as the most precious, she bequeathed to Svetlana Efimovna Mayorova, with which she lived next door.

1. Theater Faina fell in love with in childhood. The first performance that impressed her was Chekhov's “ The Cherry Orchard”, From where she later took the pseudonym Ranevskaya. Although, as the actress herself says, it was a rather strange story - she was returning home from another performance, and money flew out of her purse. "They fly beautifully," the woman noticed, to which a casual passer-by answered her: "You are just like Ranevskaya!"

2. In the family, the hobby of the future great actress was treated very condescendingly, without betraying of great importance this "hobby". However, when Faina announced her desire to seriously engage in theater, this caused a real shock among the family. The girl had to completely break ties with her family.

3. Despite the zeal of Ranevskaya, at first she faced major setbacks. She could not act anywhere as incapable of acting. She barely got into private school, from which then flew out, not having the means to pay for it. The acting career of the actress also began far from brilliantly: in one letter of recommendation, signed by the entrepreneur Sokolovsky, it was said that Faina Ranevskaya was an absolute mediocrity and she played all her roles in the same way.

4. Despite its stunning acting career and world recognition, Faina Ranevskaya never became either a wife or a mother. Ranevskaya says jokingly about her first love: “I got into a provincial group and fell in love like a cat with the main handsome man. Once he announced that he would come to me. I bought wine and fruit, powdered and waited for him. And he fell down drunk in an embrace with some beauty and asked me to take a walk for an hour or two ... This was my first and last love". The brilliant actress believed that her personal life was ruined by her awkward appearance and complete dedication to her career. When Ranevskaya was once asked about what love is, she replied: "I forgot."

5. Distinctive feature this extraordinary woman had her sense of humor. Collections of Ranevskaya's aphorisms have always been immensely popular with the public. Her exceptional intelligence and cheerful disposition still make her one of the most interesting actresses in history.
Here are some examples of Faina Ranevskaya's sparkling humor:
The fan persistently begs for the actress's phone number. To which she replies, “Are you crazy? Well, how do I know my phone number? I don’t call myself. ”
Yuri Zavadsky once says to Ranevskaya: "Faina Georgievna, you ate my entire director's idea with your acting!" To which this wonderful actress retorted: “That’s what I have a feeling that I ate shit!”.
The actress was asked if she knew the reason for the divorce of one couple. Ranevskaya replied: "They just had different tastes: she loved men, and he loved women."


6. Ranevskaya was often asked to write an autobiography, memoirs. She always refused, explaining that she did not know how to write about herself: good or bad, a lot or a little. But one day she said a very entertaining thing: “If I were to write a book about myself, it would be a plaintive book. And there would be one line in it: Fate is a whore. "


7. Favorite words of the inimitable Faina Ranevskaya were "g * vno" and "zh * pa". She actively used them in all cases of life: in the theater, when she gave interviews, in live radio.

Vasilisa Ivanova - I love fashion and history. Writing interesting texts about people, their biographies.

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About the Soviet actress, referred to as one of greatest actresses 20th century, a lot is known even to those who have not watched a single film with her participation. The bright sayings of Faina Georgievna Ranevskaya still live among the people, and the "queen of the second plan" is often remembered not only as an intelligent woman who knew how to light hearts with a chopping phrase, but also as a strong personality.

Faina Ranevskaya passed difficult path to fame - and despite minor roles, became famous for her character and amazing sense of humor.

Childhood, adolescence, youth

Born in Taganrog in 1896, Fanny Girshevna Feldman, today known to everyone as Faina Ranevskaya, did not know a difficult childhood. She became the fourth child of her parents, Milka and Hirsch, who was considered a very wealthy person.

Fanny's father owned tenement houses, a steamer and a factory: he confidently multiplied wealth while his wife looked after the household, maintaining perfect order in the house.

Faina Ranevskaya in childhood; in the photo on the right - with his brother

WITH early years Faina Ranevskaya showed her stubborn and unbridled disposition, quarreling with her brothers, ignoring her sister, not having much interest in learning. But all the same, she was always trying to achieve what she wanted, despite her complexes (the girl was inspired from childhood with the idea that she was an ugly woman).

Already at the age of 5, Fanny showed acting abilities (according to the actress's recollections), when she admired in the mirror her suffering for her deceased younger brother.

The desire to become an actress rooted in the girl after the play "The Cherry Orchard" and the movie "Romeo and Juliet".

It is believed that it was Chekhov's Cherry Orchard that gave Faina Ranevskaya her pseudonym.

Video: Faina Ranevskaya - Great and Terrible

How it all began: the first steps towards a dream

Ranevskaya was only 17 when the girl who dreamed of the stage of the Moscow Art Theater announced her intentions to her father. Dad was adamant and demanded to forget about nonsense, promising to kick his daughter out of the house.

Ranevskaya did not give up: against the will of her father, she left for Moscow. Alas, it was not possible to take the Moscow Art Theater studio "unceremoniously", but Ranevskaya was not going to give up.

It is not known how Fanny's fate would have developed, if not for fateful meeting: the ballerina Ekaterina Geltser noticed the yearning girl at the column, who decided to put her hand to the fate of the unfortunate awkward girl. It was she who introduced Faina to the right people and agreed on a theater in Malakhovka.

As the Steel Was Tempered…

It was the provincial theater that became Ranevskaya's first step to fame and the beginning of her long journey of service to art. The new actress in the troupe was given only tiny roles, but they also gave hope for the future. On weekends, the Moscow sophisticated audience flocked to the performances of the dacha troupe, and gradually Faina acquired connections and acquaintances.

After playing a season in a provincial theater, Ranevskaya went to the Crimea: here, in Kerch, the season was practically lost - the empty halls forced the actress to move to Feodosia. But even there, Faina was waiting for continuous disappointments - she was not even paid money, she was simply deceived.

A frustrated and tired girl left Crimea and went to Rostov. She was already ready to return home and imagined how they would make fun of " short biography mediocrity ". True, there was nowhere to return! The girl's family at that time had already left Russia, and the aspiring actress was left completely alone.

It was here that the second miracle in her life awaited her: a meeting with Pavel Wolf, who took patronage over Faina and even settled her at home. Actress before last days remembered Pavel with unchanging tenderness and gratitude for the rigor and hard science.

It was with Wolf that Faina gradually learned to turn even tiny and meaningless roles into true masterpieces, for which Ranevskaya fans adore today.

Starving Crimea

The torn country moaned from Civil war... Ranevskaya and Wulf move to Feodosia, which no longer looks like a resort at all: chaos, typhus and severe hunger reign in the old Cafe. Girls take on any job in order to survive.

It was at that time that Faina met Voloshin, who fed them with Koktebel fish so that the actresses would not stretch out their legs from hunger.

Ranevskaya remembered the horror of those years that reigned on the Russian peninsula for the rest of her life. But she did not leave her place and believed that one day she would play her the main role.

The will to live, a sense of humor, an adequate assessment of reality and perseverance helped Ranevskaya throughout her life.

Camera, motor, started: the first film and the beginning of a film actress career

For the first time, Faina Georgievna starred in a movie only at 38 years old. And her popularity grew like a snowball, which worried - and even frightened the actress, who was afraid to go outside again.

Most of all she was irritated by the phrase “Mulya, don’t make me nervous”, which was thrown after her. Ranevskaya became no less charming and memorable in the fairy tale "Cinderella" (), and the popularity of the silent movie "Pyshka", which became her film debut, even went beyond the borders of the country. In total, the actress played about 30 movie roles, of which only one became the main one - it was the picture "Dream".

Faina Ranevskaya in the movie "Spring"

The main roles of Ranevskaya were often refused because of the "Semitic" appearance, but the actress even treated this fact with humor. The more difficult life threw up the situation, the more sparkling and inimitable Ranevskaya played: difficulties only tempered and provoked her, contributing a lot to the disclosure of her talent.

Ranevskaya was remembered in any role, regardless of whether she was a doctor in the Heavenly slug, or Lyalya in Podkidysh.

1961 was marked by the receipt of the title of Ranevskaya People's Artist country.

A little about personal life ...

Despite her achievements in her film career and intellectual brilliance, Ranevskaya was greatly tormented by burning self-criticism: self-doubt ate her from the inside. Together with loneliness, from which the actress suffered no less.

Neither husband nor children: the most charming actress remained lonely, continuing to consider herself " ugly duckling". Ranevskaya's rare hobbies did not lead to serious novels or marriage, which the actress herself explained with nausea even from the sight of "these scoundrels": everything love stories turned into anecdotes, and no one will say for sure - were they really, or were born by word of mouth like ordinary stories.

However, there were serious hobbies in her life, among which were (according to eyewitness accounts) Fedor Tolbukhin in 1947 and Georgy Ots.

Generally, family life did not work out, and only love Ranevskaya in old age became a homeless dog Boy - it was to him that she gave all her care and love.

Facts that not everyone knows about ...

• Ranevskaya hated the phrase about Mulya, and even chided Brezhnev when he tried to joke on this topic, like teasing pioneers.
• The actress was talented not only in acting on stage, but also in drawing landscapes and still lifes, which she affectionately called, drawing another sketch or portrait - "natures and muzzles".
• Ranevskaya was friends with Bulgakov's widow and Anna Akhmatova, took care of the young Vysotsky and adored the work of Alexander Sergeevich, even to doctors when asked "what are you breathing?" answering - "Pushkin!"
• Ranevskaya was never ashamed of her age and was a convinced vegetarian (the actress was unable to eat meat “which she loved and watched”).
• In the role of the stepmother, which Ranevskaya played in Cinderella, Schwartz gave her complete freedom - the actress could on their own change lines and even your behavior in the frame.
• Close friends turned to the actress only as Fufa the Magnificent.
• It was thanks to Ranevskaya that the star of Lyubov Orlova shone on the cinematic horizon, who agreed to her first role with light hand Ranevskaya.

Having devoted her whole life to theater and cinema, the actress played on stage until she was 86, when she played her last performance - and announced to everyone that she was no longer able to “feign health” due to severe pain.

Admirers of her talent and strong character still leave flowers at Fanny's grave at the New Donskoy cemetery.

Video: Faina Georgievna Ranevskaya. The last and only interview

[Softly said]

They say that this performance is not successful with the audience?
- Well, that's putting it mildly, - Ranevskaya noted. - I phoned the ticket office yesterday and asked when the show was starting.
- So what?
- They answered me: "When will it be convenient for you?"

[The boy is obliged! ]

Already at an advanced age, Ranevskaya nevertheless knew how to make people obey and fulfill her requirements. Once before the Moscow Olympics, Ranevskaya dialed the theater director's number and in an official tone announced that she urgently needed a car. The director tried to refuse, referring to the fact that the car was busy, but Ranevskaya interrupted sternly:
- Don't you understand? I have to go around Moscow and show the boy the Olympic facilities. He wants to make sure everything is in order ...
The director was forced to send the car to Ranevskaya, although he did not know what other boy wanted to check the readiness of the objects. And the Boy was the nickname of Faina Georgievna's beloved dog.

[I am she! ]

During her tour to Odessa, Ranevskaya was very popular and loved by the audience. Local newspapers put it this way: "Odessa makes Ranevskaya apotheosis!"
Once the actress was walking around the city, and a fat citizen followed her for a long time, then overtaking, then coming from the side, then lagging behind, until she finally decided to speak.
“I don’t understand, I don’t understand, are you she?
- Yes, yes, yes, - Ranevskaya answered in a bass voice. - I am she!

[How is the sale going? ]

At one time, it was Eisenstein who gave the shy, stuttering debutante, who had just appeared on Mosfilm, advice that had a significant impact on her life. - Faina, - said Eisenstein, - you will perish if you do not learn to demand attention to yourself, to force people to obey your will. You will die, and you will not become an actress! Soon, Ranevskaya demonstrated to the mentor that she had learned a thing or two. Upon learning that she was not approved for the role in "Ivan the Terrible", she was indignant and at someone's question about the filming of this film shouted: -I would rather sell leather from the ass than to act in Eisenstein! The author of "Battleship" was immediately informed, and he repulsed an enthusiastic telegram from Alma-Ata: "How is the sale going?"

[Archimedes' law. ]

Ranevskaya, like so many women, absolutely did not understand physics, and one day she suddenly became interested in why iron ships do not sink.
- How is it so? - she asked one of her acquaintances, an engineer by profession. - Iron is heavier than water, why then ships made of iron do not sink?
“It's all very simple,” she replied. - You studied physics at school?
- I do not remember.
- Well, well, in ancient times there was such a scientist named Archimedes. He discovered the law according to which a buoyant force acts on a body immersed in water, equal to the weight of the displaced water ...
“I don’t understand,” Faina Georgievna threw up her hands.
- Well, for example, you sit in a bathtub filled to the brim, what happens? The water is displaced and poured onto the floor ... Why is it pouring?
- Because I have a big ...! - Ranevskaya guessed, starting to comprehend Archimedes' law.

Faina Ranevskaya is one of the most famous Soviet actresses. The viewer remembered her not only as a brilliant artist, but also as a person who possesses sharp mind and a great sense of humor.

However, in fact, every day Ranevskaya fell more and more in love with.

One day she came home, she told her parents that she was going to become an actress. This news plunged my father into a rage. A serious scandal began, but Faina continued to stand her ground.

Ultimately, this led to a break in relations with her parents, and especially with her father, with whom she then did not communicate for many years.

At the age of 19, the future actress left for.

Creative biography

Upon arrival in the capital, Ranevskaya experienced financial difficulties, since her father flatly refused to give her daughter any.

And although the mother was also against her departure, she still gave her small amount secretly from her husband.

In Moscow, Faina began renting a small room on Bolshaya Nikitskaya. This housing was far from being as luxurious as in Taganrog, but she was happy that now, at last, no one would stop her from becoming an actress.

From that moment on, many significant events took place in the biography of Ranevskaya. She managed to get to know such famous poets, like, and.

When she saw the actor Vasily Katchalov, his performance on stage amazed her to the core. Judging by the memoirs of Ranevskaya, she was truly in love with him.

Finally it is time to go to drama school... The girl spent days and nights preparing for exams, not thinking about anything else.

However, when they began to announce the lists of those who entered the school, her name was not there. And although Ranevskaya was very upset about this, she did not give up.

Soon she got a job in a private school, but there was no money to pay her labor. At this moment, the famous artist Geltser extended a helping hand to Faina, who made sure that Ranevskaya was taken to one of the theaters.

Having started working at the Malakhovsky Summer Theater, she managed to study the game of many famous actors... At that time, Ranevskaya did not trust any roles, so she had to be content with extras.

In 1917, after the Bolsheviks came to power at the head, 2 important changes took place in Ranevskaya's biography.

The sad news was that her parents emigrated, never wanting to meet their daughter.

But there was good news: the girl was admitted to the Moscow Actor's Theater. Finally, her talent was appreciated.

The first performance in Ranevskaya's biography was "Roman", in which she played the role of Margarita. Every year her acting became better and brighter, thanks to which more significant roles began to be entrusted to her.

In 1931, Ranevskaya was invited to work in Chamber theater, in which she performed for 4 years. After that, she begins to work in the theater of the Red Army.

Faina continues to demonstrate great acting, and gains audience sympathy.

At that time, she managed to masterfully play the main role in the play "Vassa Zheleznova", conveying the difficult fate of her heroine.

In the early 50s, when Ranevskaya was already a popular actress, she moved to the Theater. Mossovet. There she often clashed with directors, because she had her own vision of playing out certain scenes.

There is a known case when Faina Georgievna completely rewrote her role in the production of "Storm", and played it the way she thought was more correct.

In addition, Ranevskaya allowed herself to argue with authoritative artists, telling them the truth in person.

Due to clashes with colleagues and directors, from her lips were often born catch phrases and aphorisms. Despite this, it was in the Mossovet theater that Ranevskaya worked for more than 30 years, playing her most famous roles there.

On the Sunset creative activity She did not work for long in Kamerny, from which her theatrical biography began.

Ranevskaya's films

The first film in which Faina Ranevskaya starred was "Pyshka" (1934). It is fair to say that during her life she played not so many roles in cinema, giving preference to theatrical activities.

However, her every appearance in the films could not go unnoticed.

In the 30s, she starred in 3 films: "The Man in the Case", "The Mistake of the Engineer Cochin" and "The Foundling." Last film brought her overwhelming popularity throughout the Soviet Union.

Ranevskaya managed to perfectly convey the character the main character... It was in this tape that she said famous phrase"Mulya, don't make me nervous."

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