The meaning of the proverb “The road is a spoon for dinner. Unknown endings of famous proverbs

12.04.2019

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Nikolay Bogdanov-Belsky

It is well known that the Russian language is the keeper of the wisdom of our people. A old proverbs and sayings are his spiritual treasure, a real "golden fund", since they briefly and aptly express the instructive experience of many generations. But here's the problem: in the conditions of the modern information war, this experience, expressed verbally, was distorted under the influence of new trends of the time.

The meaning of many is wide famous proverbs turned inside out and changed exactly the opposite. Someone really wanted to hide the truth from us, to break the people's primordial ideas about good and evil, about bad and good. By using " Explanatory dictionary living Great Russian language "V.I. Dahl (1897 edition) let's try to restore the forgotten truth ...

IN A FAMILY WITHOUT UGGLERY Wanting to justify the appearance of an impious person in a large family, we habitually say: well, it happens - in a family there is not without a black sheep. Or we give a different shade: in any company there is definitely one unlucky one. But our language says differently: "freak" - means standing "at the clan", under its reliable protection and patronage. And that is why the first child, the strongest, the most beautiful, the smartest, who took all the first and the best from the young parents, was previously called a "freak". And the couple was called a family only after the birth of their first child. "Uroda" - it means "beauty" in some Slavic languages. That is, initially the proverb was very deep meaning: “Without a child - this is not a family yet”, “a family cannot be without a first child”. Thus, the whole village, all the relatives, as it were, convinced the young spouses to give birth to an heir as soon as possible, in order to become a full-fledged family and increase the strength of a kind of tribe.

THE HORSE IS SLEEPING FROM THE WORK How often idlers use this expression! They like it. Though full version sayings sounds like this: horses die from work, and people grow stronger.

MY HUT WITH THE BORDER Misinterpretation: "get away, get away from me, I don't know anything." This is what we say today, and before, those people whose houses stood at the edge of the village had a special responsibility - they were the first to meet any danger, be it an attack by enemies, a forest fire, a spring flood of a river or a rapidly rushing herd of horses. It was they who had to fight back. Therefore, "in the huts on the edge" lived the most daring and strong people... Choosing a place for a house on the edge of the village, its owner seemed to say to his fellow villagers: "I will protect the peace of everyone." The readiness for self-sacrifice has always been characteristic of the Russian people, which is reflected in this proverb.

OWN SHIRTS CLOSER TO THE BODY Yes, unfortunately, many contemporaries today have acquired the false belief that their own interest is the most precious thing, and nothing should harm personal gain. However, our ancestors pronounced these words in a completely different environment. At the funeral of a warrior who died with honor in battle, his brothers took off their linen or linen shirts and put them in the grave - as close as possible to the body of a deceased relative. Thus, they showed how they loved him, how dear he was to them ...

WORK IS NOT A WOLF - IT WILL NOT RUN TO THE FOREST "Take your time, lie down, rest, work will wait" - this proverb is filled with such meaning in modern Russian. However, its original meaning was not at all to indulge one's laziness, postponing important matters for later. It was just the opposite! In the old days, when the wolf ran into the village, women and children immediately hid in their houses and waited for the animal to run away into the forest. And their work, abandoned for a while, will not run away, will not go anywhere. Therefore, what to expect? As soon as the danger has passed, you must immediately begin to work left in the garden, in the yard or around the house.

DO NOT CHOOSE ANOTHER CARAVAY'S MOUTH "Everyone loves to eat someone else's, gratuitous" - we have filled this proverb today with such a narrowly harmful content. But history here is again of a directly opposite nature. There used to be a custom: before everyone sat down at the table, the owner went out of the hut and shouted loudly: "Is there anyone hungry?" That is, the owner opened his mouth wide open and called all the hungry to his loaf: neighbors, relatives, beggars, and casual passers-by. It's not good when everyone eats, and someone remains hungry.

DEBT BY PAYMENT KRASEN Perhaps today this is one of the most frequently used proverbs: many creditors angrily demand that debtors return what they have taken, call them, harass, threaten. The trouble, and only ... In fact, this proverb teaches you to forgive debts. Our wise ancestors acted in a Christian manner innocently: when lending something to someone, they never expected a return, all the more, they did not ask or demanded. They were sincerely happy to help everyone in need just like that, without any self-interest. When they did return the debt, they blushed deeply: they were ashamed to accept it back. ...

Just think WHAT WE LOST! How high were the morals of our wise ancestors, and how we were smaller in comparison with them ...

Here are some more examples of truncated proverbs.

A holy place is never empty.And an empty place is not holy!

Hunger is not an aunt - she will not bring the pie.

For the beaten, two unbeaten are given,YES DO NOT TAKE PAIN.

The mosquito will not knock the horse down,UNTIL THE BEAR HAS BEEN SUPPLIED.

Whoever remembers the old - the eye is out, AND WHO FORGETS - BOTH.

Not all carnival for the cat, there will be fast.

The woodpecker does not grieve that he cannot sing: HIS AND SO THE WHOLE FOREST HEARS.

One in the field is not a warrior, BUT A TRAVELER.

Fear has big eyes, YES SEE NOTHING.

Uma ward, YES THE KEY IS LOST.

My tongue is my enemy: BEFORE THE MIND SEARCHES, SEARCHES FOR TROUBLE.

More examples of the fact that you cannot throw out words from a song, otherwise the meaning becomes different.

At least half of the proverbs have changed their meaning with the loss of their ending.

* Grandmother wondered, said in two: either rain, or snow, or it will be, or not;

* Poverty is not a vice, but twice as bad;

* Lucky like a Saturday drowned man - no need to heat the bath;

* A raven will not peck out a crow's eyes, but will peck it out, but will not pull it out;

* It was smooth on paper, but they forgot about the ravines, and walk on them;

* Goal like a falcon, and sharp as an ax;

* Hunger is not an aunt, but a mother;

* The lip is not stupid, the tongue is not a shovel;

* Two pair of boots, both left;

* Two pair of boots, but both on one leg;

* Girlish shame - to the threshold: stepped over and forgot;

* The work of the master is afraid, but another master of the work;

* The road is a spoon for dinner, and there at least under the bench;

* For a fool at least a bit of amusement - he puts two of his own;

* If you chase two hares, you won't catch a single wild boar;

* The hare's legs are worn, the wolf's teeth are fed, the fox's tail protects;

* And business time, and fun an hour;

* The chicken pecks by the grain, and the whole yard is in droppings;

* Dashing trouble is the beginning, there is a hole, there will be a hole;

* Young scold - amuse, and old people scold - rage;

* Do not open your mouth on someone else's loaf, get up early and start your own;

* A new broom sweeps in a new way, and when it breaks, it rolls around under the bench;

* Horses die from work, and people get stronger;

* A stick - with two ends, beats here and there;

* Repetition is the mother of learning, the consolation of fools;

* Repetition is the mother of learning, and a refuge for lazy people;

* A drunken sea is knee-deep, and a puddle is up to his ears;

* Dust is a pillar, smoke is a yoke, and the hut is not heated, not swept;

* Grow big, don't be noodles, stretch a mile, but don't be simple;

* A fisherman sees a fisherman from afar, and therefore avoids it;

* You get along with a bee - you get honey, you get in touch with a beetle - you will find yourself in manure;

* Seven troubles - one answer, the eighth trouble - nowhere;

* The dog lies in the hay, does not eat itself and does not give to the cattle;

* An old horse will not spoil the furrow, and will not plow deeply;

* Bread on the table - and the table is a throne, but not a piece of bread - and the table is a board;

* Miracles in the sieve: there are many holes, but nowhere to jump out;

* Sewn-covered, but the knot is here;

* My tongue is my enemy, speaks before the mind.

1. Appetite comes with eating, and greed - during appetite.

2. Grandmother wondered, said in two either rain, or snow, or it will be, or not.

3. Poverty is not a vice, and misfortune.

4.In healthy body healthy mind - rare luck.

5. The family has its black sheep, but because of the freak, everything is not to please.

6. Lucky how Saturday drowned man - no need to heat the bath.

7. A raven will not peck out a raven's eyes, but it will peck it out, but it will not pull it out.

8. Everyone seeks the truth, yes, not everyone creates it.

9. Where it is thin, there it breaks, where it is thick, there it is layered.

10. It was smooth on paper, Yes, they forgot about the ravines, and walk on them.

11. Goal like a falcon, but sharp as an ax.

12. Hunger is not an aunt, won't bring a pie.

13. The grave will fix the hunchback, and the stubborn one is a club.

14. The lip is not stupid, the tongue is not a shovel: know what is bitter, what is sweet.

15. Two pair of boots, yes both left.

16. Two third are waiting, and seven are not waiting for one.

17. Girlish shame - to the threshold, stepped over and forgot.

18. The work of the master is afraid, but another master of the craft.

19. Road spoon for dinner, and there at least under the bench.

20. The law is not written for fools, if it is written, then it is not read, if it is read, it is not understood, if it is understood, then it is not so.

21. We live, we chew bread, and sometimes we add some salt.

22. For the beaten, two unbeaten are given, yes, they don't hurt.

23. You will chase two hares - not a single one wild boar you will not catch.

24. Overseas fun, but someone else's, and we have grief, but our own.

25. Hare's feet are worn, the wolf's teeth are fed, the fox's tail protects.

26. AND business time, and fun hour.

27. And the blind horse is lucky, if a sighted person sits on a cart.

28. A mosquito will not knock down a horse, until the bear helps.

29. Whoever remembers the old will have an eye out, and whoever forgets - both.

30. The hen pecks by the grain, and the whole yard is in droppings.

31. Dashing trouble is the beginning, and there the end is near.

32. Dashing trouble starts - there is a hole, there will be a hole.

33. Young scold - amuse themselves, and old people scold - rage.

34. They carry water to the (offended) angry, but they ride on the good ones.

35. Do not open your mouth on someone else's loaf, get up early and start your own.

36. Not all carnival for the cat, there will be a post.

37. The woodpecker does not grieve that he cannot sing, the whole forest hears it anyway.

38. Neither fish nor meat, no caftan, no cassock.

39. A new broom sweeps in a new way, but when it breaks, it lies under the bench.

40. One is not a warrior in the field, and the traveler.

41. Horses die from work, and people are getting stronger.

42. Horses do not roam from oats, but they do not seek from goodness.

43. Stick, with two ends, hits here and there.

44. Repetition is the mother of learning, consolation of fools.

45. Repetition is the mother of learning and a haven for lazy people.

46. Water does not flow under a lying stone, but under the rolling - does not have time.

47. Knee-deep in a drunken sea, and the puddle is head over heels.

48. Dust as a pillar, smoke as a yoke, and the hut is not heated, not swept away.

49. Work is not a wolf, it will not run away into the forest, because she, accursed, should be done.

50. Grow big, don't be noodles, stretch a mile, but don't be simple.

51. A fisherman sees a fisherman from afar, therefore bypasses.

52. Hand washes hand, yes, both of them are itching.

53. You get along with a bee - you get honey, you get in touch with a beetle - you will find yourself in the manure.

54. Your eye is a diamond, and the stranger is glass.

55. Seven troubles - one answer, the eighth trouble - nowhere at all.

56. The bullet is afraid of the brave, and find a coward in the bushes.

57. Dog in the manger lies, she does not eat and does not give to the cattle.

58. The dog was eaten, choked on their tail.

59. Old age is not a joy, if you sit down, you won't get up, if you run, you won't stop.

60. An old horse will not spoil the furrow, and will not plow deeply.

62. Fear has big eyes, yes they see nothing.

63. Hit on one cheek - turn the other, but don't let yourself be hit.

64. Mind Chamber, yes the key is lost.

65. Bread on the table - and a throne on the table, and not a piece of bread - and the table is a board.

66. The mouth is full of trouble, but there is nothing to bite.

Many people use certain sayings, proverbs and other examples in everyday life. folk wisdom, which was created over the years, centuries and formed into a whole layer of the culture of the Russian people. But due to the circumstances, we do not know all the sayings completely. Some sayings and proverbs have survived to this day in a shortened version. The meaning is already clear to everyone, but the continuation, the ending of the saying is also interesting. It is never too late to learn and learn new things, as they say, so the sayings in their full form should be read and memorized. After all, this is folk wisdom, after all. And the full options famous sayings pretty interesting.

Full proverb options

A raven will not peck out a crow's eyes, but will peck it out, but will not pull it out.

Dust is a pillar, smoke is a yoke, and the hut is not heated, not swept away.

An old horse will not spoil the furrow, nor will it plow deeply.

Horses die from work, and people grow stronger.

The chicken pecks by the grain, and the whole yard is in droppings.

Fear has big eyes, but they see nothing.

They ate the dog and choked on its tail.

Dashing trouble is the beginning - there is a hole, there will be a hole.

Uma ward, but the key is lost.

My tongue - my enemy - prowls before the mind, seeks trouble.

Hunger is not an aunt - she will not bring a pie.

A fisherman sees a fisherman from afar, and therefore avoids it.

At least a bit of amusement for the fool, he puts two of his own.

The young scold - amuse themselves, and the old scold - rage.

No fish, no meat - no caftan, no cassock.

Miracles in the sieve - there are many holes, but nowhere to jump out.

The lip is not stupid - the tongue is not a shovel.

Whoever remembers the old will be blind, and who will forget both.

My hand washes my hand, but both are itching.

For the beaten, they give two unbeaten ones, but they don't take it painfully.

One in the field is not a warrior, but a traveler.

A new broom sweeps in a new way, and when it breaks, it rolls around under the bench.

A drunken sea is knee-deep, and a puddle is up to his ears.

Naked like a falcon and sharp as an ax.

Lucky like a Saturday drowned man - no need to heat the bathhouse.

Two pair of boots, both left.

If you chase two hares, you won't catch a single wild boar.

Sewn-covered, but the knot is here.

Old age is not a joy and youth is disgusting.

V living speech, folk aphorisms are most often turned to not because of their aesthetic function, but as a pragmatic component, as if supporting their thought with the authority of folk wisdom. When resorting to such a technique, it is very important to use the proverb to the place and understand its meaning precisely.

It is known that some folk expression much shorter today. As a rule, the main part of the proverb remains unchanged, and both options, full and short, have the same meaning. At the same time, the "lost" continuation of proverbs is sometimes so unexpected that it can serve as a counterargument to a more modern version.

Guided by the eternal desire to fit as much information as possible in as little volume as possible, in live speech, over time, preference is most often given to truncated expressions, which, in turn, is not a reason for forgetting the original versions of folk sayings. They are of interest not only as an object of linguistic research, but also as an integral part of the cultural and historical heritage.

For example, the expression "The road is a spoon to dinner", which is often used today in the form of a one-term composition, has a continuation: "The road is a spoon to dinner, and then at least under the bench." What is the meaning of the proverb?

The expression originated at a time when the spoon was, in fact, the only cutlery used common people at each hot meal, food was served to the table in one large dish (a kettle, pot, or on a wooden platter), and forks and personal plates remained the privilege of rich people for the time being. Naturally, without a spoon, getting your portion and not getting burned was quite problematic. The direct meaning of the first part of the linguistic aphorism is understandable, but what does it mean "and there at least under the bench"?

In Russian huts, oversized dishes (pots, cast iron) were stored in a special ship's bench, which ran from the stove along the side wall. The “china” shop differed from the rest of the shops in the house in its height and in the presence of shelves covered with doors or curtains.

Smaller kitchen utensils, mostly those that were used every day, including spoons, were piled in a bowl - shelves located above the ship's bench. The space under the benches in the hut was called a subframe or subframe. And although the counter had a useful function, for example, under the "men's" shop, the so-called "bunk", the owner kept tools (saws, axes, etc.), but due to its location, the counter, naturally, could not be considered a prestigious place in the house - all the rubbish accumulated there. One can judge about the status of the base cabinet in the hut by the following proverb: "A new bed from shelf to shelf, but it gets old - it piles up on the shelf."

It is noteworthy that in Russia, sweeping the floor, all the garbage was swept under the bench in the "stove corner", also known as "babi kut" - the space in the house near the stove where women spent most time doing housework. After the garbage was collected, it was burned in a kiln. It is interesting that from the tradition of leaving dirty linen in the house in order to burn it afterwards, a proverb-directive was born - “Don't take the dirty linen out of the hut, but under the bench mine”, which means: “don't gossip!”. Returning to the expression "The road is a spoon ...", the second part of the aphorism in a deliberately exaggerated, rude form expresses everyday observation - the need for spoons after dinner is small, having fulfilled their function, they become useless, therefore, they can be thrown under the bench, that is, forget about them ...

The figurative meaning of the proverb is as follows - the value of something, not only things, but also ideas, actions, is realized at the moment when they (thing, service, thought, etc.) are needed and interested. In other words, what is received on time is valuable.

The aphorism is used not only in relation to people, but also objects, phenomena. The overvalue of timely assistance is especially acutely realized when it comes to human health and life. Quite often, the dictum is used to condemn the belated actions or inaction of someone. For example, when the person to whom they turned for help refused, and then nevertheless expressed a desire to help, but his services were no longer needed. The famous saying has both Russian and foreign counterparts. In particular, the British have a popular expression that, translated into Russian, sounds like this: "One stitch made on time is worth nine."

But, just as an excess of spices drowns out the taste of the main dish, so too much proverbial speech causes only irritation. In such cases, it seems that the interlocutor is unable to express his personal attitude to the subject of the conversation, hiding behind ready-made life formulas.

It is possible to convince with the help of folk wisdom only when it reflects not only a typical situation, but also the speaker's own thoughts and feelings.