Socially philosophical origins of the emergence of the theory of Skolnikov. Social and philosophical origins of Bunton Rodion Skolnikova

The years of creating a novel "Crime and Punishment" (1865-1866) for Dostoevsky were very heavy: shortly before the wife, brother and close friend and employee A. Grigoriev. Writer reached suddenly not only complete loneliness, but also ten thousand bills and five thousand "on honestly". Dostoevsky was on the verge of despair. "Oh my friend, I would be happy to go back to the booth for the same years so that only paying the debts and feel free again," he wrote in March 1865 A.E. Wrangel.
Dostoevsky lived at this time in the part of St. Petersburg, where the small officials usually settled, artisans and students settled. And therefore it is not by chance that it was here that the image of Rodion Raskolnikov, crushed by poverty and painful issues of the ex-student, appeared in front of him. The author visited him on the same street and in the same house where he died himself. And literally from the first lines, we get acquainted with the Resolvenikov housing: "His Kamorka accounted for the roof of a high five-story house and resembled more on the closet than on the apartment." Later in the confessional rush, the hero will say: "Do you know, Sonya, that low ceilings and close rooms are soul and the mind is tested!" This is not a random phrase in the novel.
But the Raskolnikov "Tesned" not only low ceilings, life pressed from all sides: he was so poor thing that I had to leave the university, so poorly that another, "even the usual person would meet in the afternoon to go out in such rags to the street," what was he dressed. Raskolnikov had long had a hostess for the Camork, which he occupied, and because every time he felt "some kind of painful and cowardly sensation," when he passed by the host kitchen. He has already laid a ring - a sister's gift, in line - silver watches - the last memory of the father. Mother from a meager pension sends him money so that he would have the opportunity to graduate, for the same reason, sister is going to marry a submerged person ... "From some time he was in an irritable and intense state, like a hypochondria," the author opens What happens in the soul of the hero.
But it is necessary to make a reservation: in the state of mental depression, the splitters is not only because of his plight. The fact is that from recently, a certain thought began to be sick in his head, which no longer left him, Torn, pursued and was drawn up in an idea. As a result of painful reflections, the hero comes to the conclusion that the "one tiny crime" can ignore "thousands of good deeds". It would seem here simple arithmetic, loyal calculation. On the basis of the scales, on the one hand, the death of the "stupid and evil old women", sucking blood from the poor, burning on their poverty, and on the other hand, thousands of lives saved "from rotting and decomposition." And such a crime is represented by Raskolnikov and not a crime at all, but the triumph of justice.
Long and painfully hatched the hero of his idea. Not so much for himself, for his lied poverty, he suffered with soul, but for plight Mother and sisters, for a drunk and appointed girl on the Connogvardea Boulevard, for the martyrdom of the Sonechka, for the tragedy of the family of the Marmaladov, for generally need, the hopeless and hopeless nonsense of life, which was necessary to somehow change. And How possible variantAs the answer to the ridiculous state of affairs is born by the theory of Skolnikov, according to which the blood of the conscience can be justified in the name of justice and progress.
The hero himself explains his thought so: "People, according to the law of nature, are divided into two discharges in general: to the lower (ordinary), that is, so to speak, to the material that serves the only one for the origin of himself, and actually on people, that is, having Dar or talent say in the medium of his new word. " And if, let's say, a person from the second category for executing his idea (perhaps "saving for all mankind") will need to "step over at least through the corpse, through blood, then it is within himself, according to conscience, maybe ... give yourself permission Step over blood. " But immediately, the splitters are negotiated: "Of this, it should not be at all that Newton be the right to kill whom will do, counter and transverse, or steal every day at the bazaar." According to the author's theory, it is possible to eliminate what prevents the embodiment of the Great Idea. And only in this case, the crime cannot be regarded as a crime, since it is not done with a selfish goal, not for the sake of benefits, but for the benefit of mankind.
But, dividing people into two categories, it can be curious to find out for yourself, to which category you yourself feel. And here the splitters are solved on the murder of the old woman - the percentages in order to make people good for her money, save their loved ones, to arrange their destiny. But of a real reason Crime is not this. The hero has a courage to discard secondary excuses and get to last truth: "Not to help mother, I killed a nonsense!" He says Sona. - Not for that I killed, to, having received the tool and power, to become the benefactor of mankind. Nonsense! I just killed, I killed for myself, for myself one ... I needed to know then, and seek to find out if I did, like everything, or a person? Will I be able to cross it or can not! Did you dare to burn and take or not? Whether I am trembling or right i have ... "
Raskolnikov his experiment is needed to check its ability for a crime, to find out how to treat what kind of people he is, but at the same time he realizes that the issue itself says that he is the same "ordinary", like all others Since the "lord" or "the merits of the highest order" and in the head would not have come to wonder the question.
Being a man soft and kind, surviving in his heart all the suffering of mankind, the splitters and before the crime felt that he was not able to kill that he would not bring such a murder. It was sick and threw into horror only from one thought that he will beat the ax on his head, slide in sticky and warm blood ... at times he was even ready to renounce his idea, she was so painfully she was given to him: "Let it even be No doubt in all these calculations, be it all ... Clearly like a day, right as arithmetic. Lord! After all, I still will not decide! I'm not wiped out, not let out! ... Lord! - He prayed, - show me my way, and I renounce this damned ... My dreams! "
But the "dream" has already entered too deep and lived in it, so that it is easy to get rid of it. He no longer managed it, and she led him for him like Lunatic. And the crime was accomplished: the old woman was killed, an innocent sister of her Lizaveta was killed, quiet and unrequited, whose death did not enter the plans of Raskolnikov. But she became an involuntary witness, therefore, could destroy the calculations and intentions of the hero. Other witnesses will be here and they could share the fate of Lizavets. For the sake of the idea of \u200b\u200bRaskolnikov was ready for other victims. This eloquently says the scene in which the hero, "squeezing the ax in hand," stood behind the door, when the Koh ...
Dostoevsky shows how one crime inevitably pulls the other, demanding more and more blood for the exercise of the case undertaken to be with a poor goal.
The whole month from the murder before recognition passes for the hero in the incessant tension, in a perverted one for a minute of spiritual flour. Raskolnikov experiences the condition of infinite disposable from people, it covers his heart "dead cold", and this "terrible feeling" becomes a new attempt, payable for a crime.
Attempting to live and do not agree with the heart and conscience, but according to the exhaustion of the theory leads the hero to the tragic split. He plays the role of "Lord" and at the same time aware that this role is not on it. He plots and committing murder, when his whole appearance rebels against it. And therefore he had the right to say then Sona: "I killed myself, not the old woman! Here and so much and walked myself forever! "
Murder "CHOOSHOTOUS, SILLY AND ANY STATE", whose life does not seem more expensive life Vershi or Tarakan, still opens the hero that the truth that all people are interrivily invisible threads that every human being is unconditional value and that it is impossible to rapidly eliminate any life without prejudice to his own heart, without unpredictable tragic consequences.
If its idea of \u200b\u200bsolving "blood on conscience", the Raskolnikov takes a step towards a moral catastrophe, then his human essence, his kind and responsive soul, who did not lead a terrible experiment, rejects his theory. The author leads the hero and the reader to the thought that no well-mounted goals, no great idea, be even "saving for all of humanity," can not justify any, even the "tiny" crime. It is impossible to make humanity through violence - here is the main moral lessonwhich we endure from the novel Dostoevsky.

That God has fallen -

He fell, and low fell.

We have built

Higher pedestal.

Frank Herbert

The novel "Crime and Punishment" was written in 1866. The sixties of the nineteenth century were very turbulent not only in politically, but also in the field of thinking: the age-old moral authorities collapsed. Very widely preached the theory of Napoleonism. Young people thought that everything was allowed to them. "For one life - thousands of lives saved from rotting and decomposition. One and hundreds of life in return - but then there is arithmetic!". Of course, B. real life No one killed anyone, but only thought about it - in a joke. Dostoevsky brought this theory to Apogi to see what happened. And it turned out that: the unfortunate, who does not understand his mistake, a lonely man, tormented spiritually and physically. Such a splitter appears to us.

If you turn to the memory of Skolnikov about childhood (sleep), then we see a kind, sensitive boy who is trying to save a dying horse. "Thank God, it's just a dream! But what is it? Do not really warm in me begins: such an ugly dream!" - Says Raskolnikov, waking up. He can no longer imagine himself, for him this boyfriend - "Creating a trembling, wound." But what changed the Skolnikov so much? There are many reasons, but they can be reduced to several, more general.

The first, probably, let's call the time in which the splitters lived. Itself this time pushed to changes, protests, riots. Probably, every young man then (and now!) He considered himself the Savior of the world. Time is the root cause of Raskolnikov actions.

The second reason is worth named the city of Petersburg. This is what Pushkin writes about him:

The city is lush, the city is poor,

Spirit of captivity, slim species,

The heaven of the heavens is green and pale,

Boredom, cold and granite.

In "Crime and Punishment", Petersburg is a vampire city. He drinks life juices from people who come there. It happened with Raskolnikov. When he just came to learn, he still remained the glorious boy from childhood. But it takes time, and proudly raised head lowers even lower and lower, the city begins to squeeze Raskolnikov, he wants to sigh with a full breast, but he cannot. It is interesting that for the whole novel Petersburg only once appears before the romance part of his beauty: "In an inexplicable cold, it was on him from this magnificent panorama; the spirit of dumb and deaf was full for him lush painting... "But a majestic species St. Isaac's Cathedral and Winter Palace It is for Skolnikov, for whom Petersburg is his Camorka - "Cabinet", Camorka - "Coffin". It was Petersburg in many ways to be won in the novel. In it, Raskolnikov becomes lonely and unhappy, in it he hears the conversation of officers, in Him, finally, lives the old woman in his wealth.

Running in basic social reasons Bunta, it is worth taking care of philosophical and psychological. Here the first is worth name, of course, the character of Skolnikova: Proud, even a vain, independent, impatient, self-confident, categorical ... Yes, can you not choose definitions? Because of its nature, the splitters got into such a pit, from which few people can get out ...

When the splitters only developed their theory, he, not yet suspecting, has already believed himself to people with large letters. Further more. Being in constant loneliness, he just did what he thought. So, he deceived himself, convinced that there was no. Interestingly, at the beginning he justifies himself, like many young people, a noble goal to help others. But after committing a crime, Raskolnikov understands that he did not kill it not to help others, but for himself. "The old woman was only a disease ... I wanted to step over ... I didn't kill the principles, but the principles killed. The principles killed, but it did not cross it, it remained on this side," ... I needed to learn then And seek to find out if I owe, how is everything, or a person? .. Whether I have a trembling or right ... "It is also interesting that the splitters have considered himself the only right. "Nothing, they will not understand anything, Sonya, and unworthy to understand," "... Maybe I'm still a person, and not to do and hurried myself to condemn. I'll have to compete."

Close Skolnikov understood him better than he - himself. "After all, he does not love anyone; maybe never love!" - says Raleshin. "And the shelma, however, so, this splitter! Dracted a lot. The Big Shelma can be with time when the nonsense will rise, and now he wants to live too much," says Svidrigaylov. "I read you for one of those who at least Cut off, and he will stand yes with a smile to look at the tormentors, - if only faith Ile God will find. Well, and find, and you will live, "said Porphiri Petrovich. "She [Sonya] knew more than his vanity, arrogance, pride and disbelief."

Disbelief. It is this word that she wants to justify the degree of Skolnikov Dostoevsky. This is evidenced by Sonya, "Character Two", truly believing and living with this, rising due to this much higher than the splitters. This is also talking about the name of the main character. This is evidenced by numerous hints and "repentable" quotes from Scripture, hidden gospel images. After all, God means not just a faith in something supernatural, but also the presence of minimal moral obscures. And this is so necessary in the era of change and riots to keep a person afloat, do not knock off the "way of true"!

"If the creature has already become someone, it will die, but will not turn into one's opposite," there is no sharp face between people and gods: people become gods, and the gods turn into people "- these lines were written a lot later, and this proves What time would we live, the themes for novels remain the same: where the border between FAS and NEFAS (permitted and unauthorized) passes.

In preparing this work, materials from the site http://www.studentu.ru were used

That God has fallen -

He fell, and low fell.

We have built

Higher pedestal.

Frank Herbert

The novel "Crime and Punishment" was written in 1866. The sixties of the nineteenth century were very turbulent not only in politically, but also in the field of thinking: the age-old moral authorities collapsed. Very widely preached the theory of Napoleonism. Young people thought that everything was allowed to them. "For one life - thousands of lives saved from rotting and decomposition. One and hundreds of life in return - but then there is arithmetic!". Of course, in real life no one killed anyone, but only thought about it - in a joke. Dostoevsky brought this theory to Apogi to see what happened. And it turned out that: the unfortunate, who does not understand his mistake, a lonely man, tormented spiritually and physically. Such a splitter appears to us.

If you turn to the memory of Skolnikov about childhood (sleep), then we see a kind, sensitive boy who is trying to save a dying horse. "Thank God, it's just a dream! But what is it? Do not really warm in me begins: such an ugly dream!" - Says Raskolnikov, waking up. He can no longer imagine himself, for him this boyfriend - "Creating a trembling, wound." But what changed the Skolnikov so much? There are many reasons, but they can be reduced to several, more general.

The first, probably, let's call the time in which the splitters lived. Itself this time pushed to changes, protests, riots. Probably, every young man then (and now!) He considered himself the Savior of the world. Time is the root cause of Raskolnikov actions.

The second reason is worth named the city of Petersburg. This is what Pushkin writes about him:

The city is lush, the city is poor,

Spirit of captivity, slim species,

The heaven of the heavens is green and pale,

Boredom, cold and granite.

In "Crime and Punishment", Petersburg is a vampire city. He drinks life juices from people who come there. It happened with Raskolnikov. When he just came to learn, he still remained the glorious boy from childhood. But it takes time, and proudly raised head lowers even lower and lower, the city begins to squeeze Raskolnikov, he wants to sigh with a full breast, but he cannot. Interestingly, for the whole novel Petersburg only once appears before the romance part of his beauty: "In an inexplicable cold, he was on him from this magnificent panorama; the spirit of dumb and deaf was full for him this magnificent picture ..." But the magnificent view of St. Isaac Cathedral and the Winter Palace It is for Skolnikov, for whom Petersburg is his Camorka - "Cabinet", Camorka - "Coffin". It was Petersburg in many ways to be won in the novel. In it, Raskolnikov becomes lonely and unhappy, in it he hears the conversation of officers, in Him, finally, lives the old woman in his wealth.

Combating the main social causes of the reasons, it is worth taking care of philosophical and psychological. Here the first is worth name, of course, the character of Skolnikova: Proud, even a vain, independent, impatient, self-confident, categorical ... Yes, can you not choose definitions? Because of its nature, the splitters got into such a pit, from which few people can get out ...

When the splitters only developed their theory, he, not yet suspecting, had already believed himself to people with a capital letter. Further more. Being in constant loneliness, he just did what he thought. So, he deceived himself, convinced that there was no. Interestingly, at the beginning he justifies himself, like many young people, a noble goal to help others. But after committing a crime, Raskolnikov understands that he did not kill it not to help others, but for himself. "The old woman was only a disease ... I wanted to step over ... I didn't kill the principles, but the principles killed. The principles killed, but it did not cross it, it remained on this side," ... I needed to learn then And seek to find out if I owe, how is everything, or a person? .. Whether I have a trembling or right ... "It is also interesting that the splitters have considered himself the only right. "Nothing, they will not understand anything, Sonya, and unworthy to understand," "... Maybe I'm still a person, and not to do and hurried myself to condemn. I'll have to compete."

Close Skolnikov understood him better than he - himself. "After all, he does not love anyone; maybe never love!" - says Raleshin. "And the shelma, however, so, this splitter! Dracted a lot. The Big Shelma can be with time when the nonsense will rise, and now he wants to live too much," says Svidrigaylov. "I read you for one of those who at least Cut off, and he will stand yes with a smile to look at the tormentors, - if only faith Ile God will find. Well, and find, and you will live, "said Porphiri Petrovich. "She [Sonya] knew more than his vanity, arrogance, pride and disbelief."

Disbelief. It is this word that she wants to justify the degree of Skolnikov Dostoevsky. This is evidenced by Sonya, "Character Two", truly believing and living with this, rising due to this much higher than the splitters. This is also talking about the name of the main character. This is evidenced by numerous hints and "repentable" quotes from the Holy Scriptures, hidden evangelical images. After all, God means not just a faith in something supernatural, but also the presence of minimal moral obscures. And this is so necessary in the era of change and riots to keep a person afloat, do not knock off the "way of true"!

"If the creature has already become someone, it will die, but will not turn into one's opposite," there is no sharp face between people and gods: people become gods, and the gods turn into people "- these lines were written a lot later, and this proves What time would we live, the themes for novels remain the same: where the border between FAS and NEFAS (permitted and unauthorized) passes.

In preparing this work, materials from the site http://www.studentu.ru were used

The focus of F. M. Dostoevsky - the terrible action of Russia mid XIX. A century, with its poverty, the powerlessness, oppression, suppression, the plant's plant, choking on the consciousness of his impotence and the rope. Such a hero in the novel "Crime and Punishment" is rolling towards.

Providally predicted great writer The appearance of reservoir ideas blowing the old ideas and norms of human behavior. There was such an idea that Ras-Ringings extended in long torments. His task is to stand over the world, to achieve "power over the whole human anthill." "Whether I am trembling" or "right" is such a painful dilemma facing the hero. The deadlock of the old women becomes a way to resolve all contradictions.

What are the same social sources such an image of thoughts? Dostoev-sky, representing his hero, immediately, on the first page, speaks of his social position. The young man is not coming out of the com-nat on, and from the comorka, which the author in the future compares with WAT-Fom, a chest, fob, describes her poverty, emphasizing the edge of its inhabitant: "He was crushed by poverty," as Pi-sew Dostoevsky.

On the sources of the Bunt Raskolnikov in the symbolic form, rafting a dream about a scoring horse, which he sees before the pre-step. First, this protest against murder, non-action cruelty, sympathy of someone else's pain. All this is witnessing about a thin, angry Hero's soul. Secondly, the sleep is perceived, as a battle of existing orders. Especially life, Fomb, cruel, her hosts-sedaws chase the unfortunate cruck scored.

The author's philosophy the author directly relates to Napoleon's activity. It is in it that part of young people of the beginning of the 20th century found an example of a bright person, rising from the bottom to the top of us. "I wanted ... Napoleon to become," says the split-nicknames of Sona. Napoleon is close to Raskolnikov's ability to follow the corpses of their fellowship for self-affirmation. In addition, the Skolnikov philosophy has a source and closer. The Sil-Naya Natura Hero with a young impatience rushed to the extreme of officion, for it was necessary "now, and as soon as possible" to decide "at least something." Mind Raskolnikova is officed by the ugly end of the Human relationship, and at the same time all other sides of life. He is ready to consider the "scoundrel" the whole genus of human and ischo from this to make his actions.

Yes, this is nihilism, but not even in Bazarovsk sizes, but in the most extreme development, Nihilism is phase. In the officer of the races, the rods go to the last point - to solve the mortgage, and not the words of this life.

The idea is false at its basis, milking from the inside - through the sphant of the unfortunate. Raskolnikov understands that it is impossible to change anything by crime. The novel is written in such a way that all the events not only amaze the reader, but also convince their big and phasic truth.

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Social and philosophical origins of Bunt Raskolnikova

That God has fallen -

He fell, and low fell.

We have built

Higher pedestal.

Frank Herbert

The novel "Crime and Punishment" was written in 1866. The sixties of the nineteenth century were very turbulent not only in politically, but also in the field of thinking: the age-old moral authorities collapsed. Very widely preached the theory of Napoleonism. Young people thought that everything was allowed to them. "For one life - thousands of lives saved from rotting and decomposition. One and hundreds of life in return - but then there is arithmetic!". Of course, in real life no one killed anyone, but only thought about it - in a joke. Dostoevsky brought this theory to Apogi to see what happened. And it turned out that: the unfortunate, who does not understand his mistake, a lonely man, tormented spiritually and physically. Such a splitter appears to us.

If you turn to the memory of Skolnikov about childhood (sleep), then we see a kind, sensitive boy who is trying to save a dying horse. "Thank God, it's just a dream! But what is it? Do not really warm in me begins: such an ugly dream!" - Says Raskolnikov, waking up. He can no longer imagine himself, for him this boyfriend - "Creating a trembling, wound." But what changed the Skolnikov so much? There are many reasons, but they can be reduced to several, more general.

The first, probably, let's call the time in which the splitters lived. Itself this time pushed to changes, protests, riots. Probably, every young man then (and now!) He considered himself the Savior of the world. Time is the root cause of Raskolnikov actions.

The second reason is worth named the city of Petersburg. This is what Pushkin writes about him:

The city is lush, the city is poor,

Spirit of captivity, slim species,

The heaven of the heavens is green and pale,

Boredom, cold and granite.

In "Crime and Punishment", Petersburg is a vampire city. He drinks life juices from people who come there. It happened with Raskolnikov. When he just came to learn, he still remained the glorious boy from childhood. But it takes time, and proudly raised head lowers even lower and lower, the city begins to squeeze Raskolnikov, he wants to sigh with a full breast, but he cannot. Interestingly, for the whole novel Petersburg only once appears before the romance part of his beauty: "In an inexplicable cold, he was on him from this magnificent panorama; the spirit of dumb and deaf was full for him this magnificent picture ..." But the magnificent view of St. Isaac Cathedral and the Winter Palace It is for Skolnikov, for whom Petersburg is his Camorka - "Cabinet", Camorka - "Coffin". It was Petersburg in many ways to be won in the novel. In it, Raskolnikov becomes lonely and unhappy, in it he hears the conversation of officers, in Him, finally, lives the old woman in his wealth.

Combating the main social causes of the reasons, it is worth taking care of philosophical and psychological. Here the first is worth name, of course, the character of Skolnikova: Proud, even a vain, independent, impatient, self-confident, categorical ... Yes, can you not choose definitions? Because of its nature, the splitters got into such a pit, from which few people can get out ...

When the splitters only developed their theory, he, not yet suspecting, had already believed himself to people with a capital letter. Further more. Being in constant loneliness, he just did what he thought. So, he deceived himself, convinced that there was no. Interestingly, at the beginning he justifies himself, like many young people, a noble goal to help others. But after committing a crime, Raskolnikov understands that he did not kill it not to help others, but for himself. "The old woman was only a disease ... I wanted to step over ... I didn't kill the principles, but the principles killed. The principles killed, but it did not cross it, it remained on this side," ... I needed to learn then And seek to find out if I owe, how is everything, or a person? .. Whether I have a trembling or right ... "It is also interesting that the splitters have considered himself the only right. "Nothing, they will not understand anything, Sonya, and unworthy to understand," "... Maybe I'm still a person, and not to do and hurried myself to condemn. I'll have to compete."

Close Skolnikov understood him better than he - himself. "After all, he does not love anyone; maybe never love!" - says Raleshin. "And the shelma, however, so, this splitter! Dracted a lot. The Big Shelma can be with time when the nonsense will rise, and now he wants to live too much," says Svidrigaylov. "I read you for one of those who at least Cut off, and he will stand yes with a smile to look at the tormentors, - if only faith Ile God will find. Well, and find, and you will live, "said Porphiri Petrovich. "She [Sonya] knew more than his vanity, arrogance, pride and disbelief."

Disbelief. It is this word that she wants to justify the degree of Skolnikov Dostoevsky. This is evidenced by Sonya, "Character Two", truly believing and living with this, rising due to this much higher than the splitters. This is also talking about the name of the main character. This is evidenced by numerous hints and "repentable" quotes from the Holy Scriptures, hidden evangelical images. After all, God means not just a faith in something supernatural, but also the presence of minimal moral obscures. And this is so necessary in the era of change and riots to keep a person afloat, do not knock off the "way of true"!

"If the creature has already become someone, it will die, but will not turn into one's opposite," there is no sharp face between people and gods: people become gods, and the gods turn into people "- these lines were written a lot later, and this proves What time would we live, the themes for novels remain the same: where the border between FAS and NEFAS (permitted and unauthorized) passes.