Preparation for writing an essay on the topic: "The world of" fathers "and" children "in the novel by IS Turgenev" Fathers and Sons ". The objective world in the context of the characteristics of the heroes of the novel "Fathers and Sons"

The main conflict of the novel by I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" is the ideological clash of two "generations" of Russian society: the noble and the different-class democratic.
Representative young generation in the novel there is a commoner Yevgeny Bazarov, who preaches nihilism - the doctrine of the denial of any principles taken on faith. His ideological opponents in the ideological dispute are the Kirsanov brothers, who, according to the author himself, represent the best part nobility of that time.
We meet with Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov on the first page of the novel. “A gentleman in his forties, in a dusty coat and plaid trousers ...” - this is how his author draws. Nikolai Petrovich has an estate of two hundred souls, which he calls a "farm". He turned out to be an unimportant landowner, despite the fact that he runs a household on new way and "dissociated himself from the peasants." He is gentle and loving father, sincerely rejoices at the arrival of his son. "For once, I waited for Arkasha ... I haven't had time to see him since yesterday." During his life with his son in St. Petersburg, the father tries to make acquaintances with young comrades, but he does not understand the hobbies of Arkady Bazarov and his ideas. “But reject poetry? he thought again. - Not to sympathize with art, nature?
Nikolai Petrovich loves to dream, reads Pushkin, plays the cello and admires nature - in a word, he lives with feelings. And Bazarov makes fun of this: “Amazing business ... - these old romantics! Will develop in themselves nervous system to the point of irritation ... well, the balance is disturbed. "
Nikolai Petrovich, unlike his brother Pavel Petrovich, has a gentle character, he forgives Bazarov a lot and even defends him: “No, brother, don't say that: Bazarov is smart and knowing”.
Pavel Petrovich is in many ways the opposite of his brother. He, a former secular lion, also lives with feelings. But if love gives Nikolai Petrovich happiness and the meaning of life, then in the fate of Pavel Petrovich love for Princess R. played fateful role... He is distinguished from his brother by such qualities as arrogance, self-confidence and mockery.
Pavel Petrovich is an aristocrat to the core. He is always impeccably dressed and shaven, perfumed with a magnificent cologne. The author describes Kirsanov's older brother as follows:
“... A man of average height, dressed in a dark English suite, a fashionable low tie and patent leather ankle boots ... He looked about forty-five years old; his beautifully cropped gray hair shone with a dark sheen like new silver; his face, bilious, but without wrinkles, unusually attractive and clean, as if drawn with a thin and light incisor, showed traces of remarkable beauty ... "
Pavel Petrovich is in Slavophil positions, but at the same time he dresses in an English suit, and when talking with the peasants "he frowns and sniffs the cologne." He is considered a proud man around him, but is respected for his excellent manners. Pavel Petrovich teases "old-style landowners with liberal antics" and does not get close to representatives of the younger generation.
In disputes, Bazarov easily defeats the Kirsanovs, who cannot give a worthy rebuff to the young generation in the person of Bazarov, an energetic and knowledgeable person, who ironically refers to the “old Kirsanovs”. He considers Uncle Arkady to be an "archaic phenomenon", and Nikolai Petrovich - " a retired person”.
Bazarov's views do not stand the test of love; he indignantly feels that the "romance" he had previously denied is gaining the upper hand in him. The hero dies by a stupid accident, having gone through a crisis of his previously so strong worldview.
Who won the argument? Who will Arkady, the young representative of the nobility, follow?
But he chose a life like his father's. Blood ties proved to be stronger than any nihilism. He marries, runs the estate, continuing the work of his father.
Turgenev in the novel "Fathers and Sons" showed that the nobility ceases to be the advanced class in society. A new force is emerging in Russia, whose name is nihilism. But the author does not see anything positive in this force, but only destruction and denial, which do not lead to anything good. At the same time, Bazarov is sympathetic to both the author and the reader for his energy, hard work, dedication, and devotion to his convictions.

In his novel "Fathers and Sons" I. S. Turgenev reflected the social processes in Russia in the 59-60s 19th century... At this time, the main question was the question of the future of Russia, about what the transformations should be in order to improve the life of the people, for everyone came to understand the need to change the existing and obsolete order. In relation to this issue, society was divided into two camps: revolutionary democrats and liberals in alliance with conservatives.
In the novel, I. S. Turgenev presented these two camps as the world of "fathers" and "children." The only representative of the generation of “children” is Evgeny Bazarov, a young man who graduated from the university, who is fond of medicine and natural sciences. The opposite camp includes the Kirsanov brothers - Nikolai Petrovich and Pavel Petrovich, parents of Bazarov, as well as Arkady Kirsanov, a representative of the younger generation of the nobility.
Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, a retired military man, a former secular lion, is the antagonist of Bazarov, his ideological opponent. If Evgeny is a nihilist, that is, a person who does not believe in authorities and rejects principles, then Pavel Petrovich, on the contrary, cannot imagine his life without “principles” and authorities. “We, people of the old age, we believe that without principles ... you can't take a step, you can't die,” he says. Pavel Petrovich is a representative of the liberal movement inclined towards conservatism. Most of all he admires the English aristocracy. For him, the ideal of the state is England. Pavel Petrovich considers himself useful person: he sometimes intercedes for the peasants before his brother, several times lent him money when the estate was on the verge of ruin. But Bazarov reproaches him that, speaking about the people, Pavel Petrovich is not able to act, he “sits with folded hands,” and with the mask of an unlucky man with a broken destiny covers up his failure and inaction. However, Pavel Petrovich is a worthy man in his own way: he loves his brother and nephew, treats Fenechka with respect, is noble in his actions, and is impeccably polite. Unfortunately, practicality is not a distinctive quality of this nobleman: seeing that his brother's innovations only upset the estate, he cannot do anything to improve matters. Pavel Petrovich does not agree that “his song is sung”, he is convinced that the “children” are wrong and that his ideas are much more correct than theirs. Pavel Petrovich's speech is peculiar. He often uses foreign words, while Russians speak French, instead of the generally accepted “this” and “this” they say “eftim” and “efto”. His speech is replete with expressions such as “I consider it my duty,” “will you deign ...”, etc.
Pavel Petrovich's brother, Nikolai Petrovich, a nobleman, father of a family and a liberal, is also a representative of the “fathers”. He is a liberal and proud of it. “It seems that I am doing everything to keep up with the times: I have arranged the peasants, I have started a farm ...; I read, I study, I try to keep up with modern requirements... ”But all his fashionable transformations only upset the estate. Turgenev shows a picture of poverty, backwardness of the people: “ponds with thin dams”, villages with “half-swept roofs”, peasants, “worn out, on bad nags” ... Having overheard Bazarov's words that “his song has been sung,” Nikolai Petrovich agrees with this without protesting. He willingly believed that the ideas of young people are more modern and useful. Nikolai Petrovich is a wonderful, caring and loving father, an attentive brother, a sensitive and tactful person. The fact that at the age of forty he plays the cello, reads Pushkin and admires nature does not cause indignation and misunderstanding in us, as in Bazarov, but only a smile of tenderness. Nikolai Petrovich is a man created for family happiness, for quiet life on his estate.
His son Arkady, who has just graduated from the university, as they say, is the son of his father. At first, he was carried away by the ideas of Bazarov, but, in the end, we see that he was only a temporary companion of the young nihilist and in the future will repeat the fate of his father.
So, using the example of the images of the Kirsanovs, Turgenev shows the position in which the nobility was post-reform Russia, their inability to adapt to new conditions, the futility of their activities. Turgenev himself wrote that he showed "cream" noble society... If the best of the nobles cannot survive in the new conditions, then what can we say about all the rest ...

At the end of the novel, the author reports that "Arkady has become a zealous owner and the" farm "is already bringing in quite a significant income." And Nikolai Petrovich works with the peasants, trying to "teach" them to live by the rules. However, all these attempts, about which the author himself speaks uncertainly, is unlikely to solve urgent problems, especially since not all landowners agreed to change. Therefore, much more decisively Turgenev denounces the falseness of ideas, the falseness of patriotism in the image of Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, who also lives in the world of “fathers”, but his world is incomprehensible and alien even to close people, brother and nephew. Pavel Petrovich lives "in the English manner" not only abroad, but also in his native Russian estate. He reads not Russian, but foreign newspapers, dresses and behaves like an English aristocrat, does not deal with estate affairs at all, and when talking with peasants, he needs a scented scarf to protect his pampered sense of smell from bad smells. But in disputes with Bazarov, he discusses the role of Russian liberalism, the logic of history, and the public good. This intelligent nobleman is portrayed by the author sometimes in ridiculous or comic situations. For example, his duel with Bazarov, a knightly duel, took place in defense of the peasant woman Fenechka, who was not Pavel Petrovich's “lady of the heart”. And, despite the high-flown statements of this true aristocrat about "principes", about the honor and dignity of the nobility, Turgenev methodically debunks his halo.

In the eleventh chapter of the novel, the author paints a sad picture: Nikolai Petrovich, admiring the evening landscape, recalls the past and suddenly realizes that dear to him, “ Magic world", Disappeared forever. “He… tears were rolling in,” and when he tried to explain his state of mind, he did not understand him. Pavel Petrovich “was not born a romantic, and his dandy dry and passionate, in the French way, misanthropic soul did not know how to dream”; he did not feel any nostalgia for the vanishing charm of "noble nests". At the end of the novel, the author reports that Pavel Petrovich is again leaving his homeland, about the fate of which he argued with such pathos with Bazarov; he forgets "all vanity", proving with his whole way of life how he does not need a socio-political struggle, how far his thoughts and deeds are from reforms in Russia. He almost does not care (except for the sadness that he hides) his own future, all the more so - the future of the country he left forever.

Evgeny Bazarov's parents, to whom the son treats without special reverence and respect, should apparently also be included in the camp of "fathers". He condescendingly (if not contemptuously) speaks of the life and work of his father, a retired staff doctor who served with General Kirsanov, Arkady's grandfather. Vasily Ivanovich was very conscientious about the service, he continues to treat people after his retirement. And his son considers his father's occupations meaningless and insignificant, equating him with those people whom, according to the nihilist Bazarov, there is nothing to respect: "... my parents ... do not worry about their own insignificance ...". Bazarov also harshly judges people he does not know. For example, about General Kirsanov, he says: "... the club was decent."

It is sad for fathers to hear from their children an unflattering assessment of their activities, way of life and their familiar world, dear to them. And the author's attitude to the events depicted, to the heroes is ambiguous: I.S. Turgenev understands that the nobility is not capable of playing the role of an advanced class, but he sympathizes with the older generation, as he sympathizes with representatives of liberal-democratic parties that are losing their positions in the social and political movement ...

Comparisons play an important role in the language of the novel. Drawing on the tradition of oral poetry people, Turgenev draws most of the comparisons from the world around a person, for example: “emaciated, rough, as if gnawed, cows greedily nibbled the grass in the ditches”; "We are now hungry like wolves"; “Vaska, a boy of about seven, with a head as white as flax ...”; “Her braid (Princess R.) was golden in color and heavy as gold, fell below her knees”; Fenichka “looked out like an animal”; "Dunyasha ... looked at him, running past with a quail"; "The yard boys ran after the" doctor "like dogs."

With this technique, the author gives psychological characteristic heroes, including Vasily Ivanovich Bazarov, the father of the main character. The interior of his "house", consisting of "six tiny rooms", suggests that we have a "small" person, obviously not rich, who does not pretend to be significant, loves comfort. Also, the interior helps to characterize the business qualities of Vasily Ivanovich. Indeed, “a thick-legged table, littered with papers, blackened by old dust,…”, suggests that Vasily Ivanovich is engaged in work, but does it from time to time. Bazarov's father is a sloppy person, he doesn't even keep order in his office (“books, boxes, stuffed birds, a can, bubbles were crowded on the shelves in disorder”). The fact that Vasily Ivanovich is interested in natural sciences and physical experiments, says "a broken electric machine", but this hobby has remained in the past, since it has not yet been repaired. Weapons hung on the walls indicate that the owner was related to the army, to the war. Indeed, he was a military doctor. In general, the entire interior is stamped with time, all the things are second-hand, old, all this speaks of the passing of life, the time of fading and rest. But the owner does not want to put up with it. Indeed, in a small room there is large furniture, which shows the desire of Bazarov, the elder, to break out of this small world... Here the reader sees the contradictory character of Vasily Ivanovich. The interior of the office is dominated by black and white colors (“monogram of hair in a black frame”, “wardrobe made of Karelian birch”), austere and quite compatible, which speaks of harmony inner peace the owner. The fact that Vasily Ivanovich reads the magazine "Friend Zdravie" for 1855 (although in the courtyard in 1859) indicates that Bazarov Sr. is trying to keep up with the times, but still he is not in the silts to keep up with the present.

The interior is also used by the author to compare characters. For example, in one of the chapters, the author shows the interior of two characters at once: Fenechka and Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov. The interior of Fenichka's room contrasts sharply with the interior of Pavel Petrovich's study. And indeed, Fenichka's room breathes with prostate, comfort, freshness, love. The reader understands that simple, but nevertheless sincere people live in this room. The icon of Nikolai the Ugodnik, the portrait of Nikolai Petrovich, jars with his favorite jam and the caption “circlet”, speak of Fenichka's sincere feelings for Nikolai Petrovich. In contrast to Fenichka's room, Pavel Petrovich's study is striking in its sophistication, monumentality and, at the same time, lack of warmth. Everything in it bears the stamp of artificiality: the library "renaissance", and bronze statues "on a magnificent writing table", and a fireplace, and "heavy curtains of windows" with which Pavel Petrovich tries to protect himself from sunlight... The reader can understand the despair with which Kirsanov Sr. "threw himself on the sofa." The hero realizes his inability to love and be loved, and the comparison of the interiors helps the reader to understand this. In evaluating the character, the detail of the interior also plays an important role. Turgenev actively uses the details of the interior, the environment of the hero, showing with their help the features of his character.

So, we already have a certain idea of ​​Kukshina, even before her appearance. “Crookedly nailed business card"," Thick numbers of Russian magazines, mostly uncut ”- all this indicates the“ progressive aspirations of the hostess ”, but progress, in fact, is not visible. A great desire to be an advanced woman, to seem modern, makes Kukshina funny, unnatural, devoid of self-esteem, which is immediately noted by both Bazarov and Arkady. However, there are characters in the novel who have no description of the rooms at all. These are, first of all, Bazarov, Arkady and Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov. And this is not accidental, if Bazarov does not have a home at all, does not have his own hearth, support in life, he even in his parents' house feels like a guest, then the descriptions of the rooms at Arkady and Nikolai Petrovich are connected, in my opinion, with the worldview of the author himself ... As you know, I. S. Turgenev rejected extremes, a one-sided attitude to life, which he showed so vividly in the images of Bazarov and Pavel Petrovich.

It is no coincidence that both of these heroes die: one physically, the other morally. It is Nikolai Petrovich and his son who remain to live a full life. And their double wedding is the moral climax of the romance. According to Turgenev, the harmony of life can be cognized only by dissolving in it, perceiving it in all its manifestations. The lack of a description of the rooms of the father and son just speaks of this ability, gives them typical features and, albeit indirectly, indicates who, in the author's opinion, belongs to the future of Russia.

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Subject world in the context of the characterization of the heroes of the novel "Fathers and Sons"

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The main conflict of the novel by I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" is the ideological clash of two "generations" of Russian society: the noble and the different-class democratic.

The representative of the younger generation in the novel is the commoner Yevgeny Bazarov, who preaches nihilism - the doctrine of the denial of all principles taken for granted. His ideological opponents in the ideological dispute are the Kirsanov brothers, who, according to the author himself, represent the best part of the nobility of that time.

We meet with Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov on the first page of the novel. “A gentleman in his forties, in a dusty coat and plaid trousers ...” - this is how his author draws. Nikolai Petrovich has an estate of two hundred souls, which he calls a "farm". He turned out to be an unimportant landowner, despite the fact that he leads the economy in a new way and “dissociated himself from the peasants”. He is a gentle and loving father, he is sincerely happy with the arrival of his son. "For once, I waited for Arkasha ... I haven't had time to see him since yesterday." During his life with his son in St. Petersburg, the father tries to make acquaintances with young comrades, but he does not understand the hobbies of Arkady Bazarov and his ideas. “But reject poetry? he thought again. - Not to sympathize with art, nature?

Nikolai Petrovich loves to dream, reads Pushkin, plays the cello and admires nature - in a word, he lives with feelings. And Bazarov makes fun of this: “Amazing business ... - these old romantics! They will develop their nervous system to the point of irritation ... well, the balance is disturbed. "

Nikolai Petrovich, unlike his brother Pavel Petrovich, has a gentle character, he forgives Bazarov a lot and even defends him: “No, brother, don't say that: Bazarov is smart and knowing”.

Pavel Petrovich is in many ways the opposite of his brother. He, a former secular lion, also lives with feelings. But if love gives Nikolai Petrovich happiness and the meaning of life, then in the fate of Pavel Petrovich love for Princess R. played a fatal role. He is distinguished from his brother by such qualities as arrogance, self-confidence and mockery.

Pavel Petrovich is an aristocrat to the core. He is always impeccably dressed and shaven, perfumed with a magnificent cologne. The author describes Kirsanov's older brother as follows:

“... A man of average height, dressed in a dark English suite, a fashionable low tie and patent leather ankle boots ... He looked about forty-five years old; his beautifully cropped gray hair shone with a dark sheen like new silver; his face, bilious, but without wrinkles, unusually attractive and clean, as if drawn with a thin and light incisor, showed traces of remarkable beauty ... "

Pavel Petrovich is in Slavophil positions, but at the same time he dresses in an English suit, and when talking with the peasants "he frowns and sniffs the cologne." He is considered a proud man around him, but is respected for his excellent manners. Pavel Petrovich teases "old-style landowners with liberal antics" and does not get close to representatives of the younger generation.

In disputes, Bazarov easily defeats the Kirsanovs, who cannot give a worthy rebuff to the younger generation in the person of Bazarov, an energetic and knowledgeable person who treats the “old Kirsanovs” with irony. He considers Uncle Arkady an "archaic phenomenon", and Nikolai Petrovich - "a retired person."

Bazarov's views do not stand the test of love; he indignantly feels that the "romance" he had previously denied is gaining the upper hand in him. The hero dies by a stupid accident, having gone through a crisis of his previously so strong worldview.

Who won the argument? Who will Arkady, the young representative of the nobility, follow?

But he chose a life like his father's. Blood ties proved to be stronger than any nihilism. He marries, runs the estate, continuing the work of his father.

Turgenev in the novel "Fathers and Sons" showed that the nobility ceases to be the advanced class in society. A new force is emerging in Russia, whose name is nihilism. But the author does not see anything positive in this force, but only destruction and denial, which do not lead to anything good. At the same time, Bazarov is sympathetic to both the author and the reader for his energy, hard work, dedication, and devotion to his convictions.

Works on literature: Images of the "Fathers" in the novel by I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" The main conflict in Ivan Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons" is the ideological clash of two "generations" of Russian society: the noble and the different-class democratic. The representative of the younger generation in the novel is the commoner Yevgeny Bazarov, who preaches nihilism - the doctrine of the denial of all principles taken for granted. His ideological opponents in the ideological dispute are the Kirsanov brothers, who, according to the author himself, represent the best part of the nobility of that time. We meet with Nikolai Petrovich Kirsanov on the first page of the novel.

"A gentleman in his forties, in a dusty coat and plaid trousers ..." - this is how the author draws it. Nikolai Petrovich has an estate of two hundred souls, which he calls a "farm". He turned out to be an unimportant landowner, in spite of the fact that he leads the economy in a new way and "dissociated himself from the peasants." He is a gentle and loving father, sincerely happy with the arrival of his son. "For once, I waited for Arkasha ...

I haven't had time to look at him since yesterday. "During his life with his son in St. Petersburg, his father tries to make acquaintances with young comrades, but he does not understand the hobbies of Arkady Bazarov and his ideas." But reject poetry? he thought again. “Not to sympathize with art, nature?” Nikolai Petrovich loves to dream, reads Pushkin, plays the cello and admires nature - in a word, he lives with feelings. They will develop a nervous system in themselves to the point of irritation ...

well, the balance is disturbed. "Nikolai Petrovich, unlike his brother Pavel Petrovich, has a gentle character, he forgives Bazarov a lot and even defends him:" No, brother, don't say that: Bazarov is clever and knowledgeable. " in many respects the opposite of his brother. He, a former secular lion, also lives by feelings. But if love gives Nikolai Petrovich happiness and meaning in life, then in the fate of Pavel Petrovich love for Princess R. played a fatal role. arrogance, self-confidence and derision.

Pavel Petrovich is an aristocrat to the core. He is always impeccably dressed and shaven, perfumed with a magnificent cologne. The author describes Kirsanov's older brother as follows: “... A man of medium height, dressed in a dark English suite, a fashionable low tie and patent leather ankle boots ... He looked about forty-five years old; his beautifully cut gray hair shone with a dark shine, like new silver ; his face, bilious, but without wrinkles, unusually attractive and clean, as if drawn with a thin and light incisor, showed traces of remarkable beauty ...

"Pavel Petrovich stands on Slavophil positions, but at the same time dresses in an English suit, and when talking with the peasants" he frowns and sniffs cologne. " "and does not get close to representatives of the younger generation. In disputes, Bazarov easily defeats the Kirsanovs, who cannot give a worthy rebuff to the younger generation in the person of Bazarov, an energetic and knowledgeable person who treats with irony the" old Kirsanovs. "He considers Arkady's uncle" an archaic phenomenon "and Nikolai Petrovich is a" retired person. " Who won the dispute? For whom will Arkady, the young representative of the nobility, go?

But he chose a life like his father's. Blood ties proved to be stronger than any nihilism. He marries, runs the estate, continuing the work of his father. Turgenev in the novel "Fathers and Sons" showed that the nobility ceases to be the advanced class in society. A new force is emerging in Russia, whose name is nihilism.

But the author does not see anything positive in this force, but only destruction and denial, which do not lead to anything good. At the same time, Bazarov is sympathetic to both the author and the reader for his energy, hard work, dedication, and devotion to his convictions. In his novel "Fathers and Sons" I. S. Turgenev reflected the social processes in Russia in the 59-60s of the XIX century. At this time, the main question was the question of the future of Russia, about what the transformations should be in order to improve the life of the people, for everyone came to understand the need to change the existing and obsolete order. In relation to this issue, society was divided into two camps: revolutionary democrats and liberals in alliance with conservatives. In the novel by I.

S. Turgenev presented these two camps as the world of "fathers" and "children". The only representative of the generation of "children" is Evgeny Bazarov, a young man who graduated from the university, who is fond of medicine and natural sciences. The opposite camp includes the Kirsanov brothers - Nikolai Petrovich and Pavel Petrovich, parents of Bazarov, as well as Arkady Kirsanov, a representative of the younger generation of the nobility. Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov, a retired military man, a former secular lion, is the antagonist of Bazarov, his ideological opponent.

If Evgeny is a nihilist, that is, a person who does not believe in authorities and rejects principles, then Pavel Petrovich, on the contrary, cannot imagine his life without "principles" and authorities. “We, people of the old age, we believe that without principles ... you can't take a step, you can't die,” he says. Pavel Petrovich is a representative of the liberal movement leaning towards conservatism. Most of all he admires the English aristocracy. For him, the ideal of the state is England.

Pavel Petrovich considers himself a useful person: he sometimes intercedes for the peasants before his brother, several times lent him money when the estate was on the verge of ruin. But Bazarov reproaches him that, speaking about the people, Pavel Petrovich is not able to act, he "sits with folded hands", and with the mask of an unlucky man with a broken fate covers his failure and inaction. However, Pavel Petrovich is a worthy man in his own way: he loves his brother and nephew, treats Fenechka with respect, is noble in his actions, and is impeccably polite. Unfortunately, practicality is not a distinctive quality of this nobleman: seeing that his brother's innovations only upset the estate, he cannot do anything to improve matters. Pavel Petrovich does not agree that "his song is sung", he is convinced that the "children" are wrong and that his ideas are much more correct than theirs. Pavel Petrovich's speech is peculiar.

He often uses foreign words, while Russians speaks in French, instead of the generally accepted "this" and "this" he says "eftim" and "efto". His speech is replete with expressions such as "I consider it my duty", "Would you please ...", etc.

Pavel Petrovich's brother, Nikolai Petrovich, a nobleman, father of a family and a liberal, is also a representative of the "fathers". He is a liberal and proud of it. "It seems that I am doing everything to keep up with the times: I arranged the peasants, started the farm ...; I read, study, try to keep up with modern requirements ..." But all his fashionable transformations only upset the estate. Turgenev shows a picture of poverty, backwardness of the people: "ponds with thin dams", villages with "half-swept roofs", peasants, "worn out, on bad nags" ... Having overheard Bazarov's words that "his song has been sung," Nikolai Petrovich agrees with this without protesting.

He willingly believed that the ideas of young people are more modern and useful. Nikolai Petrovich is a wonderful, caring and loving father, an attentive brother, a sensitive and tactful person. The fact that at the age of forty he plays the cello, reads Pushkin and admires nature does not cause indignation and misunderstanding in us, as in Bazarov, but only a smile of tenderness. Nikolai Petrovich is a man created for family happiness, for a quiet life on his estate. His son Arkady, who has just graduated from the university, as they say, is the son of his father. At first, he was carried away by the ideas of Bazarov, but, in the end, we see that he was only a temporary companion of the young nihilist and in the future will repeat the fate of his father.

So, using the example of the images of the Kirsanovs, Turgenev shows the situation in which the nobility of post-reform Russia was, their inability to adapt to new conditions, the fruitlessness of their activities. Turgenev himself wrote that he showed the "cream" of the noble society. If the best of the nobles cannot survive in the new conditions, then what can we say about all the rest ...