Lesson on the topic: "Craftsmen of my land." A word about folk craftsmen and craftsmen Craftsmen of my land

We are proud of our great Motherland, its culture, its forests and fields, its songs, its hardworking and talented people. But each of us has our own Small Homeland. Small homeland - the place where you were born - is the house where you, bursting with laughter, take the first steps, where you first said the word mother, but also human relationships, way of life and traditions. This is the place where our parents live, where we grow up, study, play with friends. Nothing on earth can be closer, sweeter than the place where you spent your childhood years. Each person has their own homeland. For some it is Big city, others have a small village, but all people love it. And wherever we go, we are always drawn to our homeland, to the places where we grew up. The homeland does not have to be big. It can be any corner of our city, village. Here is our history and each person should know the history of their land, its people. This is a particle of our happiness. My small homeland is the Belgorod region. I am happy that I live in the Belgorod land. The Belgorod region is the most attractive and interesting corner of our country, which has a long history. Many poems and stories have been written about the Belgorod region. The homeland is like a huge tree with no number of leaves. But every tree has roots that feed it. Roots are what we lived yesterday, 100, 1000 years ago. This is our history, our culture. I love the Belgorod region for its vast fields, majestic mountains, forests and simply because I was born here. The history of the Belgorod region is diverse and original. The people who lived on this land had to go through many troubles and hardships - fires, raids, invasions, but, nevertheless, the Belgorod region was famous and continues to be famous for its brave and hardworking inhabitants, traditions and customs. Various crafts occupy a special place in the history of our region. The craftsmen were famous not only in their city or province, but also outside them. At first, the inhabitants of the Belgorod region had a domestic craft - everyone sewed clothes and shoes for themselves, clay dishes, made tools. But in the period early middle ages the release of products to the market began. The Belgorod land was famous for its icon painters. The names of the masters, with few exceptions, are unknown to us. But we can look at rare masterpieces found in various corners of our land and seem to be transported to another time, feel how the feelings that the author put into his work penetrate into you. The Belgorod region has been famous since ancient times for its potters. The center of pottery production was the Borisov district, where talented craftsmen live to this day, and there is a fairly large factory for the production of clay and ceramic products. It would seem that this craft is quite simple, but this is only a first impression. Getting to know pottery better, I realized that this is a very delicate and painstaking work, which consists of many stages and requires attention and patience. In the skilled hands of the master, a shapeless piece of clay becomes a real work of art. The master's products became famous throughout the province and were sold with great success at fairs. Blacksmithing was also developed in the Belgorod region. The blacksmith in epics, fairy tales and legends is the personification of goodness, strength and courage. Rich ore deposits allowed this skill to develop rapidly. Belgorod blacksmiths supplied farmers with scythes and sickles, warriors - with weapons, created such things as necessary for the economy as keys, knives, needles, fish hooks, locks and much more. Various jewelry and amulets were also made. In addition to the above crafts, weaving, wickerwork and an endless variety of other various techniques and skills were developed in the Belgorod region. And the very fact that these crafts and craftsmen are still not forgotten is a valuable cultural achievement, which means that the people of Belgorod do not forget the traditions of their ancestors, respect and revive them. means that interest in the culture of their people does not disappear, but on the contrary increases. Every year, exhibitions and sales of handicrafts are organized, which are popular among the population. All this is another big step towards the preservation of cultural heritage. I believe that it is necessary to create corners of folk culture in schools, because those who are still in school now will have the task of preserving and creating the traditions of our homeland, our culture. Moreover, it is worth holding meetings with carriers of information about folk culture- residents of villages, villages. After all, nothing can be learned better than first-hand.

We are proud of our great Motherland, its culture, its forests and fields, its songs, its hardworking and talented people. But each of us has our own Small Homeland. Small homeland - the place where you were born - is the house where you, bursting with laughter, take the first steps, where you first said the word mother, but also human relationships, way of life and traditions. This is the place where our parents live, where we grow up, study, play with friends. Nothing on earth can be closer, sweeter than the place where you spent your childhood years. Each person has their own homeland. Some have a big city, others have a small village, but all people love it. And wherever we go, we are always drawn to our homeland, to the places where we grew up. The homeland does not have to be big. It can be any corner of our city, village. Here is our history and each person should know the history of their land, its people. This is a particle of our happiness. Belgorodchina is my small homeland. I am happy that I live in the Belgorod land. The Belgorod region is the most attractive and interesting corner of our country, which has a long history. Many poems and stories have been written about the Belgorod region. The homeland is like a huge tree with no number of leaves. But every tree has roots that feed it. Roots are what we lived yesterday, 100, 1000 years ago. This is our history, our culture. I love the Belgorod region for its vast fields, majestic mountains, forests and simply because I was born here. The history of the Belgorod region is diverse and original. The people who lived on this land had to go through many troubles and hardships - fires, raids, invasions, but, nevertheless, the Belgorod region was famous and continues to be famous for its brave and hardworking inhabitants, traditions and customs. Various crafts occupy a special place in the history of our region. The craftsmen were famous not only in their city or province, but also outside them. At first, the inhabitants of the Belgorod region had a domestic craft - each sewed clothes and shoes, clay dishes, and made tools for himself. But in the early Middle Ages, the release of products to the market began. The Belgorod land was famous for its icon painters. The names of the masters, with few exceptions, are unknown to us. But we can look at rare masterpieces found in various corners of our land and seem to be transported to another time, feel how the feelings that the author put into his work penetrate into you. The Belgorod region has been famous since ancient times for its potters. The center of pottery production was the Borisov district, where talented craftsmen live to this day, and there is a fairly large factory for the production of clay and ceramic products. It would seem that this craft is quite simple, but this is only a first impression. Getting to know pottery better, I realized that this is a very delicate and painstaking work, which consists of many stages and requires attention and patience. In the skilled hands of the master, a shapeless piece of clay becomes a real work of art. The master's products became famous throughout the province and were sold with great success at fairs. Blacksmithing was also developed in the Belgorod region. The blacksmith in epics, fairy tales and legends is the personification of goodness, strength and courage. Rich ore deposits allowed this skill to develop rapidly. Belgorod blacksmiths supplied farmers with scythes and sickles, warriors - with weapons, created such things as necessary for the economy as keys, knives, needles, fish hooks, locks and much more. Various jewelry and amulets were also made. In addition to the above crafts, weaving, wickerwork and an endless variety of other various techniques and skills were developed in the Belgorod region. And the very fact that these crafts and craftsmen are still not forgotten is a valuable cultural achievement, which means that the people of Belgorod do not forget the traditions of their ancestors, respect and revive them. means that interest in the culture of their people does not disappear, but on the contrary increases. Every year, exhibitions and sales of handicrafts are organized, which are popular among the population. All this is another big step towards the preservation of cultural heritage. I believe that it is necessary to create corners of folk culture in schools, because those who are still in school now will have the task of preserving and creating the traditions of our homeland, our culture. Moreover, it is worth holding meetings with carriers of information about folk culture - residents of villages, villages. After all, nothing can be learned better than first-hand.

We are proud of our great Motherland, its culture, its forests and fields, its songs, its hardworking and talented people. But each of us has our own Small Homeland. Small homeland - the place where you were born - is the house where you, bursting with laughter, take the first steps, where you first said the word mother, but also human relationships, way of life and traditions. This is the place where our parents live, where we grow up, study, play with friends. Nothing on earth can be closer, sweeter than the place where you spent your childhood years. Each person has their own homeland. Some have a big city, others have a small village, but all people love it. And wherever we go, we are always drawn to our homeland, to the places where we grew up. The homeland does not have to be big. It can be any corner of our city, village. Here is our history and each person should know the history of their land, its people. This is a particle of our happiness. Belgorodchina is my small homeland. I am happy that I live in the Belgorod land. The Belgorod region is the most attractive and interesting corner of our country, which has a long history. Many poems and stories have been written about the Belgorod region. The homeland is like a huge tree with no number of leaves. But every tree has roots that feed it. Roots are what we lived yesterday, 100, 1000 years ago. This is our history, our culture. I love the Belgorod region for its vast fields, majestic mountains, forests and simply because I was born here. The history of the Belgorod region is diverse and original. The people who lived on this land had to go through many troubles and hardships - fires, raids, invasions, but, nevertheless, the Belgorod region was famous and continues to be famous for its brave and hardworking inhabitants, traditions and customs. Various crafts occupy a special place in the history of our region. The craftsmen were famous not only in their city or province, but also outside them. At first, the inhabitants of the Belgorod region had a domestic craft - everyone sewed clothes and shoes for themselves, clay dishes, made tools. But in the early Middle Ages, the release of products to the market began. The Belgorod land was famous for its icon painters. The names of the masters, with few exceptions, are unknown to us. But we can look at rare masterpieces found in various corners of our land and seem to be transported to another time, feel how the feelings that the author put into his work penetrate into you. The Belgorod region has been famous since ancient times for its potters. The center of pottery production was the Borisov district, where talented craftsmen live to this day, and there is a fairly large factory for the production of clay and ceramic products. It would seem that this craft is quite simple, but this is only a first impression. Getting to know pottery better, I realized that this is a very delicate and painstaking work, which consists of many stages and requires attention and patience. In the skilled hands of the master, a shapeless piece of clay becomes a real work of art. The master's products became famous throughout the province and were sold with great success at fairs. Blacksmithing was also developed in the Belgorod region. The blacksmith in epics, fairy tales and legends is the personification of goodness, strength and courage. Rich ore deposits allowed this skill to develop rapidly. Belgorod blacksmiths supplied farmers with scythes and sickles, warriors - with weapons, created such things as necessary for the economy as keys, knives, needles, fish hooks, locks and much more. Various jewelry and amulets were also made. In addition to the above crafts, weaving, wickerwork and an endless variety of other various techniques and skills were developed in the Belgorod region. And the very fact that these crafts and craftsmen are still not forgotten is a valuable cultural achievement, which means that the people of Belgorod do not forget the traditions of their ancestors, respect and revive them. means that interest in the culture of their people does not disappear, but on the contrary increases. Every year, exhibitions and sales of handicrafts are organized, which are popular among the population. All this is another big step towards the preservation of cultural heritage. I believe that it is necessary to create corners of folk culture in schools, because those who are still in school now will have the task of preserving and creating the traditions of our homeland, our culture. Moreover, it is worth holding meetings with carriers of information about folk culture - residents of villages, villages. After all, nothing can be learned better than first-hand.

Theme: I am proud of the history of my native land. Craftsmen my city.

Target: to acquaint with the history of the native land, to tell about folk craftsmen, folk crafts, blacksmith masters, to foster a love for native land and pride.

Form of organization of the educational process: practical lesson.

Expected results: assimilation of knowledge about the history and craftsmen of the native land.

Equipment: presentation

Lesson plan:

Organization of the class.

The bell has already rung, the lesson begins,

We are ready to work hard, work hard, do not be lazy

So that knowledge for a lesson, everyone would go for the future!

The waste heaps are majestically and proudly. Mining mountains - close, foggy, ash-gray, steep, reddish-brown, oblong, cooled, like giant helmets.

In the summer - burnt by the scorching sun. In winter, they are snowy, and if the wind blows off the snow from the top, it seems as if the mountains are waist-deep in snowdrifts. The waste heaps are especially beautiful in the morning: from a distance, pale lilac, purple. At night - completely in quivering lights, as if the mountain inside is red-hot and the fire breaks through here and there.

Many waste heaps have been in the Donetsk steppe for at least a century. They saw blizzards and blizzards, searing heat and downpours, as menacing as a flood. They are shrouded in bluish haze, like legends.

Low bow to them, eternal monuments difficult

miner labor! "

Working on new material

Collect the proverb.

Any work ... you have to love work.

A man without a craft ... a master praises.

To live well, like a tree without fruit.

You have not heard about the craftsman,

Who shod the flea?

Remembering the master

Tell me his nickname.

5 letters (Lefty)

Leskov's story is called "The Tale of the Tula scythe Lefty and the steel flea"and isRussian talein which acts main character - Lefty... It was he who shod a flea, being a master "from God", and forever became an example of a man with "golden hands".

Todaythe name "Lefty" has become a household namecalledtalented and savvy native of the people.

Craftsman - a person who is engaged in folk craft.

Traditions folk art are rooted in antiquity, reflecting the peculiarities of the work and everyday life, aesthetic ideals and beliefs of a particular people. The motives and images of folk art have been preserved for centuries almost unchanged, passed down from generation to generation. Products of folk craftsmen (ceramics, fabrics and carpets, products made of wood, stone, metal, bone, leather, etc.) are designed, first of all, to bring beauty and joy into everyday life person.

Let's talk about some of the "folk craftsmen" of the past and present of our region, who glorified it with their work. In the past, when there was no such variety of machines as now, the master's main tool was his hands, and to help them - an ax, a pick, a shovel, and a plow. In everyday life, earthenware has been used since ancient times.

Pottery - one of the types of folk crafts. The clay was mined with an iron pick and a spade. It was carried and stored in the yard, and, if necessary, was filled with water. The clay, kneaded like dough, was beaten with oars and hammered with wooden hammers. After that, the clay was rolled out. The potter plucked off the pieces and processed them first on a hand, and later on a heavy foot potter's wheel. The main tool in the design of the dishes were the potter's fingers and a knife - a thin wooden plate. The master cut the finished product from the circle with wire, put it to dry and fired, then painted it and covered it with enamel. In the eighteenth century. one of the types of ceramics, majolica, became widespread. Majolica products made of colored clay, painted in the folk style, still adorn our modern dwellings. Among the ceramics are bowls, half misks, glechiks (krynki), makitra pots, etc.

Weaving - the craft of making wicker wickerwork. Basket craft was widespread among the population of Donetsk region. Handicraftsmen-baskets wove baskets of various sizes and shapes, boxes, furniture, screens and bodies for carriages. The raw material was willow, bird cherry, elm twigs, as well as reeds.

blacksmith craft ... The development of this craft is evidenced by archaeological finds... The roots of blacksmithing go back to the depths of the past five thousandths. The assortment of iron and steel products was also extremely wide - these were weapons, production tools, handicraft tools, horse harness, household items, jewelry and clothing items.

Outstanding countrymanAlexey Ivanovich Mertsalov –

blacksmith and worker of the Yuzovsky metallurgical plant

in 1895 he forged a palm tree from one rail that was

awarded the Grand Prix and remains a symbol of the Donetsk region.

Blacksmithing in Donbass is flourishing and glorified to this day, young talents are giving more and more new forged masterpieces.

Physical education

Take your seats.

One - sat down, two - got up,

Everyone raised their hands up.

Sat down, got up, sat down, got up,

Vanka - Rise like steel,

And then they set off at a gallop

Like my bouncy ball.

Group work.

1st group - mold from plasticine ( salt dough, clay) dishes (tea set).

2 group - on a sample of dishes (plate) made of white cardboard, paint with paints in the folk style.

Reflection.

Our lesson has come to an end.

Who is a craftsman?

What crafts do you remember?

Which of the crafts of our region did you like the most?

Name the people of labor who glorified our land.

Continue suggestions:

Work for hands - for soul …… ..;

If you don’t bother, you will be happy …….