Why Pechorin is indifferent to people. The problem of indifference in the work of the hero of our time
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according to the novel M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time"
Indifference and responsiveness.
What is dangerous indifference?
The indifference is a feeling that can manifest itself not only towards other people, but also to life in general. Pechorin, the central character "Hero of our time", is shown by M.Yu. Lermontov as a person who does not see the joys of life. He is bored all the time, he quickly loses interest in people and places, so the main goal of his life is the search for "adventures". His life is infinite attempts to feel at least something. According to the famous literary critic, Belinsky, Pechorin "Mainly chasing his life, looking for it everywhere." His indifference comes to the absurd, turning into indifference to itself. According to the sign of the Pechistan himself, his life "becomes an empty day by day." He sacrifices his life in vain, it is started in adventures that do not bring benefits to anyone. On the example of this hero, it can be seen that indifferences spread in the soul of a person like a dangerous disease. It leads to the sad consequences and broken the fate of both the surrounding and indifferent person. An indifferent person can not be happy, because his heart is not capable of love for people.
Purpose and means.
What funds can not be used to achieve the goal?
Sometimes, to achieve their goals, people forget about the means they choose on the way to the desired one. So, one of the characters of the novel "Hero of Our Time" Azamat wanted to get a horse belonged to Kazbich. He was ready to offer everything he had and what he did not own. The desire to get Karagez won all the feelings that were in it. Azamat had betrayed his family for the sake of achieving his goal: he sold his sister to get the desired, ran out of the house, fearing the punishment. His betrayal led to the death of his father and sister. Azamat, despite the consequences, destroyed everything that he was expensive to get what she so passionately wanted. In his example, you can see that not all means are good to achieve the goal.
The ratio of goal and means.
The ratio of purpose and funds can be found on the pages of Roman M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of our time." Trying to achieve the goal, people sometimes do not understand that not all means will help them in this. One of the characters of the novel "The Hero of Our Time" Pereshnitsky was passionately wanted to be recognized. He sincerely believed that the position and money would help him in this. In the service he was looking for an increase, believing that it would solve his problems, attracting a girl in which he was in love. His dreams were not destined to be fulfilled, because true respect and recognition are not related to money. The girl he had sought another, because love has nothing to do with public recognition and status.
What do false goals lead to?
When a person puts false goals, their achievement does not bring satisfaction. The central character of the novel "Hero of Our Time" Pechorin was all his life all his goals, hoping that their achievement would bring him joy. He falls in love with women who like him. Using all means, he conquers their hearts, but later loses interest. So, interested in BEL, he decides to steal it, and then achieve the location of the Wild Cherkishenka. However, reaching the goal, Pechorin begins to miss, her love does not bring him happiness. In the chapter "Taman", he meets a strange girl and a blind boy dealing with smuggling. In an effort to know their secret, I do not sleep with days and follows them. His excitement is heated by a sense of danger, but on the way to achieving the goal, he changes the lives of people. Being revealed, the girl is forced to escape and leave a blind boy and an elderly woman on the mercy of fate. Pechorin does not set true purposes, he only strives to dispel boredom, which not only leads him to disappointments, but also breaks the fate of people who turned out to be in his way.
"The indifference - paralysis of the soul, premature death" - said the great writer Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. It is indisputable. An indifferent person does not live, but exists, because the indifference eats a person from the inside, makes it a worm and indifferent to the world around him, takes the craving for life.
Many writers and poets revealed the subject of indifference in their works, so for example, Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov in the novel "Hero of Our Time".
The main character of the work - Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin - an officer of the Russian Imperial Army, a person who has a high status in society, he charismatic, beautiful and cleverly, appears "externally" man. He is indifferent to the people around him, he does not understand the society in which he is indifferent to his environment. He does not inspire the values \u200b\u200bof society, he does not chase for wealth. Also Pechorin Egoist and Individualist. He puts himself higher than others and cannot trust people.
Pechorin indifferently crumbling other people in attempts to build their own. For example, Bal: He spoiled a young girl with fate, without happiness. As soon as he achieved his goal, fell in love with his girlfriend, she became boring him. Or the old woman and a blind boy. Because of Pechorin, they lost their income, and therefore funds for existence. Pechorin is very contrary to Nature: he condemns himself for everything evil, but continues to make it. The only thing that caresses the main character is his personal desires. Pechorin does not live, it exists - and all this is because of his indifference.
I think people should not be indifferent to each other and the world around. A person indifferent to his world around him will never live a full life.
Updated: 2017-12-03
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The main questions posed by the author in the novel
Any artwork is always a lot of problem. Not exception and novel M. Yu. Lermontov. The poet tries to answer questions of timeless, exciting people from the era in the era: what is for a person the meaning of life, happiness, good and evil, dignity and honor, what place is love and friendship occupies. Very important topics dictated by time, in which the author and his hero live: the purpose of man, the freedom of choice, individualism. All this is determined by the problem of the "Hero of Our Time".
As we, readers, we can determine the circle of the main questions of the ingenious work, which of the actors will surely help us reveal them? Main character. In the "Hero of Our Time", the problems of the novel "highlight" in the nature of Pechorin, at the same time reflecting the identity of Lermontov himself, and its world-thundering.
Philosophical problems in the novel "Hero of Our Time"
"Why did I live? For what purpose did I born? " - This question is asked Pechorin and cannot find an answer. There is a vainness of the existence of the hero, the stagnation is not suitable for a young man who feels "in the soul of the forces are immense."
Trying to plunge into the completeness of life, Pechorin involuntarily becomes the culprit of the destruction of fate of different people. Bela is dying, the fate of which is broken in favor of egoism, whims of Pechorina. Maxim Maximych is offended by the spiritual worrit of his friend. "Honest smugglers" are forced to hide, the fate of the old woman and the blind is unknown. "Yes, and what a matter to me to the joys and disasters of human! .." - and in this exclamation, the individualism of Pechorina becomes especially clear. We, readers, follow how inventively tempting Grigory Mary, having no serious intentions, as it acts in relation to the pear, as it enjoys the undivided power over faith ...
"I weighed, deal with my own passion and actions with strict curiosity, but without participation. In me, two people: one lives in the full sense of the word, another thinks and judges him ... ", reading the lines of the magazine, we understand that individualism is a life program, the main driving power of Pechorin's character, he is aware that . Sticking on the "appointment of high", which could not "guess", the main character of the novel analyzes its actions, actions, moods. "I look at the suffering and joy of others only in relation to myself, as for food that supports my mental strength."
The problems of the novel "Hero of our time" includes the problem of the predetermination of human destiny, and the question of the origins of the individualism of the generation of Lermontov. Where does the Individualism of Pechorina originate?
In the bet, the question proposed by the guarantion, the question was resolved, "Can a person who personally has its own life." Pechorin, claiming that "no predestination", involuntarily changes his opinion after the shot, is too "the proof was striking." But immediately stops himself in this faith, remembering that it has "the rule does not reject anything strongly and not entrust blindly." And later, experiencing fate and exposing the life of danger, itchs over the beliefs of human. And as if throwing a challenge blind beliefs that deprive a person of freedom, freedom of true, inner, clearly indicates its true world-up-way: "I love to doubt everything: this is the arrangement of the mind does not interfere with the character decisiveness - on the contrary, I always bolder go ahead when not I know what awaits me ... "
The meaning of life, the purpose of man, the freedom of choice, individualism - these philosophical problems in the novel "Hero of our time" for the first time was so clearly formulated by the poet, it was for this reason that Lermontov became the first philosophical novel of Russian literature of the 19th century.
The problem of happiness in the "Hero of Our Time"
All the life of Pechorina is in search of a solitude of human happiness. He leads a conversation with Undina, singing his wonderful song, but the ease of attitude to happiness is not for Pechorin. "Where it comes in, it's happy there", "where it will not be better, it will be worse, and from the thinness to good it is not far from thin," the Gregory does not accept such philosophy.
"What is happiness? Saturated pride, "he writes in the magazine. It would seem that the hero has everything to saturate their pride: they obey his will and love people with whom fate drives. Faithfully loves faith, conquered by his charm and the persistence of Mary, happy with Gregory Werner, Maxim Maximach is tied to Pechorin as to his son.
Fabricating with completely different characters, Pechorin continuously tries to satisfy his pride, but there is no happiness, instead of him, once at once, comes boredom and fatigue from life.
Among the philosophical problems, the problem of happiness in the "Hero of Our Time" occupies an important place.
Moral problems in the novel "Hero of our time"
Not only philosophical, but also moral problems in the "Hero of Our Time" novel are very significant. "The history of the human soul" writes Lermontov, so on the pages of the work we are seeing how the questions of good and evil, freedom of choice, responsibility, as reflects on the possibility and place in our own lives of love and friendship.
Love, which so eager and to which Grigory seeks, for him is incomprehensible. His love "did not bring happiness to anyone," because he loved "for her own pleasure," just absorbing the feelings and suffering of people, not satisfied with them and not giving anything in return. " Stories with Bala and Mary are a bright confirmation.
Analyzing the ability to friendship, Pechorin concludes that it is unable to: from two friends there is always one servant of another, "she does not know how to be a slave, and the management of others considers tedious labor requiring cheating. Having become a friend with Dr. Werner, Pechorin will never be able or won't want to put it into his inner world-he trusts him with anyone.
In the soul of the main character, only fatigue, according to his conviction, depleted and "heat soul, and the constancy of the will, necessary for real life; I entered into this life, having survived her already mentally, and I became boring and gadko. "
Modernity of the problems of the novel
Much in the character of Pechorin, we, readers, does not accept, just more simply can not understand. It makes no sense to accuse the hero in egoism and individualism, that she missed his life on empty passions and whims. Yes, the main character is such, but is it an accident or the author's intent?
It is worth re-reading the preface of Lermontov himself to the novel, and find lines: "Pretty people fed the sickness ..., we need bitter medicines, caustic truths." Pechorin in his skepticism is sincere, he does not put himself above all, and genuinely suffers from what does not see the exit can not find the ideal. He looked so deeply and investigated his own soul that he was not feeding illusions, but he had sees himself as it was. But without this it is impossible to develop, move forward. As a man of his time, he reflects the path that had to do its generation - to discard romantic illusions, insincere ideals, learn to a sober look at reality and himself, so that the next generations could go further, seeing ideals and goals.
"You say again to me that a person can not be so bad, and I will tell you that if you believed the possibility of the existence of all the tragic and romantic villains, why don't you believe in the reality of Pechorin? .. Isn't that in it More truth than would you wish you? " Here it is, a bitter medicine - Pechorin, whose worldview turns out to be a cleansing step into the future. The poet of rights, morality from "caustic truths" wins.
Philosophical and moral - these are the main problems raised in the "Hero of our time". They force us, readers, reflect on their own purpose in life, about the complex ratio of peace and man, make this work alive, modern at any time and era.
Test on the work
Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov did not think about his hero as a sample for imitation.
He emphasized that Pechorina is a collective image, and not a specific person.
This is a certain type that reflects the characteristic features of the younger generation of the beginning of the beginning century.
What does the reader sees Pechorina?
In the "Hero of Our Time" presented a young man, experiencing spiritual flour due to inequality, in deep loneliness, seeking the meaning of its own existence and its purpose. Pechorin does not want to choose the premunted paths characteristic of the youth of higher light.
He is an officer who serves, and not trying to heal. Not Muizitsy, not interested in philosophical teachings, does not study military art. At the same time, the reader is obvious that it is well formed, not devoid of talents, energetic and bold.
Pechorin is endowed with such negative qualities as selfishness, indifference to people around people, inability to sincerely love and be friends. At the same time, he is attractive in his own: life boils in it, the hero is eager for her, seeks for the better, objectively, even with a share of healthy self-critics, assesses himself. But his actions of chalk and insignificant, he brings sufferings to everyone around, which does not cause the reader's sympathies, but the hero himself suffers from these shortcomings. He is extremely contrary to the person.
Pechorin knows how to be closed and ambitious, for a long time I remember the evil. Approves that it became moral crippled. Not only Pushkin Onegin, but also a Lermontov character can be bolded to call the "egoist of integrity" (V. G. Belinsky).
The inconsistency of the nature of the main character
Pechorin continually feels his splitness. In the social and political situation, which established the first half of the XIX century, he cannot realize himself. He spends his life to meaningless adventures, goes to the Caucasus, experiencing fate in the war, makes attempts to forget about their troubles next to beautiful women. But all that he does does not bring results, becoming only in the way to distract from problems.
It is not unrealized by the Kandra and understanding that such a life is worth nothing. During the entire story, Pechorin examines the suffering and tragedy of others as an opportunity to support their own mental strength, only this allows him for a while to forget about the unceasing longing, fill the emptiness of meaningless life. At the same time, the main character of the work is a richly gifted personality.
Pechorin has an analytical warehouse of the mind, he absolutely correctly assesses people, their actions and motives; He knows how to critically evaluate not only his surroundings, but also himself. His diary records are real self-disclosure.
Pechorin is capable of strong feelings (for example, after the death of Bella or during a meeting with faith), hides deep emotional shocks under the larger of indifference and worn, which bears as protection. He is able to act, being a volitional man, but his decisions and deeds bring only destruction.
Pechistan's similarity with the hero of the poem "Demon"
The destructive nature of the actions of Pechorina makes it look like a "demon" poem's hero, also written by Lermontov. Even in his appearance, something demonic and mysterious appear.
Pechorin appears as a true destroyer who plays with the fate of the surrounding people: the death of Beauty-Cherkishhenika Bella, the disappointment of Maxim Maksimovich, the pain of Mary and the Faith, the tragic death of the Grushnitsky and the officer of the vobic, even smugglers on his fault left their home.
V. G. Belinsky believed that the hero had a "transitional spirit" when the old was completely lost, and the new did not appear. A person only has a probability of getting something genuine in the distant future.
M. Yu. Lermontov began work on his work back in 1838. Two years later, the first publication of the novel was published, in which he no longer fantasized what life is and what it is. Mikhail Lermontov described her as he saw in reality.
Arguments for the final essay in the directions: "indifference and responsiveness", "purpose and means". M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of our time."
Part 3. Indifference and responsiveness.