The main thunderstorm theme. Subject: the meaning of the name of the play A

The problems of the work in literature call a circle of problems that are somehow affected in the text. This may be one or more aspects on which the author focuses. In this work, it will be about the problems of "thunderstorms" of Ostrovsky. A. N. Ostrovsky received a literary calling after the first published play. "Poverty is not a vice", "idleness", "profitable place" - these and many other works are devoted to social and household topics, but the question of the problem of the "Thunderstorm" is to be considered separately.

The play was ambiguously perceived by critics. Dobrolyubov saw in Katerina hope for a new life, an up. Grigoriev noted the outlined protest against the existing orders, and L. Tolstoy did not at all accept the play. Fabul "Thunderstorms", at first glance, is quite simple: everything is based on the love collision. Katerina secretly meets with a young man while her husband went to another city in cases. I failed to cope with the flour of conscience, the girl confesses in treason, after which it rushes into the Volga. However, behind all these everyday, domestic, lies much more large-scale things that threaten to develop to the scale of space. The "Dark Kingdom" of Dobrolyubov calls the situation that is described in the text. The atmosphere of lies and betrayal. In Kalinov, people are so accustomed to moral mud, that their noble consent only aggravates the situation. It becomes scary from awareness that this is not a place made people like this, these people independently turned the city into a certain accumulation of vices. And now the "Dark Kingdom" begins to influence the inhabitants. After a detailed acquaintance with the text, you can see how wide the problem of the product "Thunderstorm".

Problems in the "thunderstorm" of Ostrovsky diverse, but at the same time they do not have hierarchies. Each separate problem is important in itself.

The problem of fathers and children

Here we are not talking about misunderstanding, but about total control, about patriarchal orders. The play is shown the life of the Kabanov family. At that time, the opinion of the older man in the family was indisputable, and the wives and daughters were practically devoid of rights. At the head of the family stands Marfa Ignatievna, the widow. She took on men's functions. This is a powerful and calculating woman. Kabaniha believes that she cares about his children, ordering them to act as she wants. Such behavior led to quite logical consequences. Her son, Tikhon, a weak and non-fraction man. Mother seems to be so wanted to see him, because in this case, the person is easier to manage. Tikhon is afraid to say anything, express your opinion; In one of the scenes, he confesses that his point of view is not at all. Tikhon cannot protect against the hysterics and cruelty of the mother or his wife. Daughter Kabanihi, Varvara, on the contrary, managed to adapt to such a lifestyle. She is easily lying his mother, the girl even changed the castle on a gate in the garden to walk freely with Kudryash. Tikhon is not capable of any riot, Barbara in the final of the play runs away from the parental house with the beloved.

The problem of self-realization

When talking about the problem of "thunderstorms" it is impossible not to mention this aspect. The problem is implemented in the image of Kuligin. This self-taught inventor dreams of making something useful for all residents of the city. His plans enters collect perpetuum-mobile, to build a grossival, receive electricity. But all this dark, the semi-speaking world does not need a light nor the enlightenment. Wild laughs over the planes of Kuligin find honest earnings, openly mocks him. Boris after a conversation with Kuligin understands that the inventor is so never invented by any thing. Perhaps it understands Kuligin himself. It could be called naive, but he knows which morals reign in Kalinov, which is happening behind the closed doors, which are those in whose hands the power is concentrated. Kuligin learned to live in this world without losing himself. But he is not capable of feeling so acute conflict between reality and dreams, as Katerina did.

The problem of power

In the city of Kalinov, the authorities are not in the hands of the relevant authorities, but those who have money. The proof of this is the dialogue of the merchant wild and city. Gingerbile says the merchant that complaints come on the latter. Sawl Prokofievich is robbed. Wild does not hide, which makes it necessary for ordinary men, he speaks of deception as a normal phenomenon: if the merchants steal each other, then the ordinary residents can be stealing. In Kalinov, the nominal power does not solve absolutely nothing, and this is rooted incorrectly. After all, it turns out that without money in such a city it is simply impossible to live. Wildlocks himself almost a father-king, deciding who to give money in debt, and who does not. "So know that you worm. I want to eat, I will want to give up, "so corresponds to Wild Culgin.

The problem of love

In the "thunderstorm", the problem of love is implemented in pairs of Katerina - Tikhon and Katerina - Boris. The girl is forced to live with her husband, even if she does not feel any feelings other than pity. Katya rushes from extreme to extreme: she thinks between the option to stay with her husband and learn to love him or leave Tikhon. Feelings to Borisu from Kati flasl instantly. This passion pushes the girl for a decisive step: Katya goes to public opinion and Christian morality. Her feelings were mutual, but for Boris, this love meant is much less. Katya believed that Boris just as she was not able to live in the frozen city and lie for the sake of benefit. Katerina often compared himself with a bird, she wanted to fly away, escape from that metaphorical cell, and in Boris Katya, he saw that air, that freedom that she was so lacking. Unfortunately, the girl was mistaken in Boris. The young man turned out to be the same as the residents of Kalinov. He wanted to establish relationships with the wild for the receipt of money, spoke with Barbara that the feelings for Kate would better save secret as long as possible.

Conflict of old and new

We are talking about the resistance of the patriarchal lifestyle with a new order, which involves equality and freedom. This topic was very relevant. Recall that the play was written in 1859, and serf slavery was canceled in 1861. Social contradictions reached their apogee. The author wanted to show what could lead to the absence of reforms and decisive actions. This is confirmed by the final words of Tikhon. "Good to you, Katya! And I needed to live in the world and suffer! " In such a world, the lively jealous.

The strongest of all this contradiction was reflected on the main heroine of the play. Katerina cannot understand how to live in lies and animal humility. The girl chips in that atmosphere, which was created by the residents of Kalinov for a long time. She is honest and clean, so his only desire was so little and so great at the same time. Katya simply wanted to be himself, live as it was brought up. Katerina sees that everything is not exactly the way she imagined to marriage. She cannot even afford the sincere impulse - hug a husband - Kabaniha controlled and stopped any attempts to Kati to be sincere. Barbara supports Katya, but can not understand it. Katerina remains one in this world of deception and dirt. The girl could not bear such a pressure, she finds salvation in death. Death relies Katya from the burden of earthly life, turning her soul into something easy, able to fly out of the "Dark Kingdom".

It can be concluded that the problems in the drama "Thunderstorm" are affected by significant and relevant and up to date. These are unsolved issues of human being, which will excite a person at all times. It is thanks to such a formulation of the question "Thunderstorm" can be called a work out of time.

Test on the work

The comedy "Thunderstorm" is one of the most famous works of Russian playwright A. N. Ostrovsky. The idea, character characters can be explored forever. Images of the characters "Thunderstorm" are very notable.

Problems of the Piez "Thunderstorm"

All characters can be divided into 2 groups: representatives of senior and younger generations. Senior represents kabaniha and wild. They are representatives of the patriarchal world, where egoism and poverty rule. Other characters suffer from the tyrancy of Kabani and Wild. This is primarily Barbara, Katerina, Boris and Tikhon. The comparative characteristic of the characters shows that all heroes have matured with their fate, and only Katerina is not able to go against conscience and their desires.

All the work of "Thunderstorm" is devoted to the history of the main character of Katerina. She is one of the participants, Katerina has to choose between two men, and these men are Boris and Tikhon. These characters will help in detail in the behavior of the heroes of the play.

Fate Boris.

Before disassembled the nature of Boris, you need to get acquainted with his story.

Boris is not Kalinov. He falls there by the will of his parents. Boris had to get inheritance, which until time he was heading wild. For good behavior and obedience, Wildly is obliged to give the inheritance Boris, but readers understand that due to the greed of the wild it will never happen. Therefore, Boris have to stay in Kalinov and live there according to the rules set by wild and ribbies.

Tikhon's fate

Among all the characters allocate two heroes, two men are Boris and Tikhon. The comparative characteristics of these heroes can say much.

Tikhon depends on the Kabani - his mother. He has to obey in her all. Kabaniha is not shy to bring her son's personal life, dictation, as he should handle his wife. Katerina Kabaniha literally literally literally literally literally. Katerina Kabani is constantly quenched.

One day, Tikhon is forced to leave to another city for a few days. The reader clearly sees how he gladly appeared to be alone and show his independence.

Common between Boris and Tikhon

So, we have two characters - this is Boris and Tikhon. The comparative characteristic of these heroes is impossible without analyzing their lifestyle. So, both characters live with tyrants, both heroes are forced to obey someone else's will. Both heroes lack independence. Both heroes love Katerina.

At the end of the play both are very suffering after the death of Katerina. Tikhon remains alone, with his mother, and Boris Wildly orders to leave Kalinov. Of course, the inheritance after the case with Katerina does not see exactly.

Boris and Tikhon: Differences

Differences between Boris and Tikhon are more than in common. So, Boris and Tikhon is a comparative characteristic. The table applied below will help systematize knowledge about these heroes.

	Boris.	Tikhon.
Attitude towards Katerina	Boris is ready for everything. He risks his reputation, the reputation of Katerina - a married woman. His love is fervent, open and emotional.	Tikhon loves Katerina, but the reader sometimes puts it into question: if he loves her, why does not protect Kabani from attacks? Why does not feel her suffering?
Relationships with other characters play	Boris acts under the cover of the barbar. Night Kalinov is the time when all young people go outside with songs and romantic sentiments.	Tikhon is good, but there is little about his relationship with other characters. The only thing that is noteworthy is his relationship with his mother. He loves her to some extent and tries to respect, but on the other hand he feels her wrong.

These are Boris and Tikhon. The comparative characteristic of the characters, shown above in the table, is quite brief and capacious. It is worth noting that mostly readers are sympathetic to Boris than Tikhon.

The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe play "Thunderstorm"

The characteristic of Boris and Tikhon says that two men love Katerina. However, none nor the other could save it. Katerina rushed with a cliff to the river, no one stopped her. It was Boris and Tikhon, the comparative characteristics of which was given above, should be saved, they should have rebel to the power of Kalinovsky self-masses. However, they did not succeed, and the lifeless body of Katerina carried out of the river.

Kalinov is a town who lives according to its rules. Dobrolyubov called Katerina "Light Light in the Dark Kingdom", and this is true. Katerina could not change his fate, but perhaps she is a whole city. Her death is the first catastrophe that violated the patriarchal family. Kabaniha and wild feel that young people come out of their power, and therefore changes are coming.

Thus, A. Ostrovsky was able to show not just a family tragedy. Before us, the tragedy of a whole city dying in the despotism of wild and kabani. Kalinov is not a fictional city, but such "kalinov" is very much in the territory of all Russia.

Department of Directuring theatrical submissions and holidays.

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Markelova Evgenia.

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Al Daniel Nathanovich.

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Dramatic analysis of the drama of Ostrovsky A.N "Thunderstorm".

The history of the creation of the play "Thunderstorm".

Piez "Thunderstorm" Ostrovsky wrote in 1859 - in the period when in Russia there is a change of public ruins, the eve of the peasant reform. Therefore, the work was perceived as an expression of the spontaneous revolutionary sentiment of the masses. Title symbolic. Thunderstorm occurs not only as a natural phenomenon (the action unfolds under the sounds of thunder), but also as inner - the heroes are characterized by attitude towards the thunderstorm. For each hero, the thunderstorm is a special symbol: for some - this is a harness of the storm, for other cleansing, the beginning of a new life, for the third - this is the "voice over", which predicts some important events or warns against any actions. If we compare the drama with dramatic canons, then N.A. wrote about this Dobrolyubov: "The subject of the drama must certainly be an event where we see the struggle of passion and debt - with the accidents of the victory of passion or happy when the debt wins." Also in the drama there should be unity of action, and it should be written by a high literary language. "Thunderstorm" at the same time "does not satisfy the most significant goal of the drama - to inspire respect for moral debt and show the detrimental consequences of passion of passion. The topping theme of the Ostrovsky" Thunderstorm "is a powerful denial of stagnation and a fixed" dark kingdom "and the emergence of a positive light start, real Heroine from the folk medium. Other topics of "thunderstorms" are the topics of love, family relationships, sin.

In the city of Kalinov, Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova, Rich Kupovikha, Widow, lives on the banks of the Volga, the widow is rich, wild, hunchatka. Together with her, the son of Tikhon, the daughter of Varbara and the daughter-in-law of Katerina Tikhon, the daughter of Varvara and the daughterr of Katerina Tikhon, are completely under the authority of the mother, only the furtively breaks its orders. He loves his wife, she does not respond to him. Katerina loves the young man, the nephew of the merchant Dikova, Boris Grigorievich, who also hurts hopelessly; He lives at his uncle, taking advantage of the family as the same rights as Katerina at his mother-in-law; They are only occasionally see each other in the church. Boris depends on uncle, Katerina is in an eternal hostility with mother-in-law, from which the life of lovers is full of difficulties and insoluble contradictions. Particularly difficult to Katerina. A believer woman - she is afraid of her love, afraid of sin, does not want to betray her husband. Not having sinned, Katerina believes that she has no forgiveness. But the heart does not order and as soon as the opportunity appears to meet with his beloved, the young woman does not refuse. The possibility of meetings appeared due to the departure of her husband and the enterprise his sister. Varvara, young features without principles, very quickly organized night meetings of lovers, changing the key from the mammy from the wicket. And now the Ten days of Katerina meets with Boris. It does not miss the possibility of freedom and barbarian: she meets with Vanya Kudryash, a young man, wild bole. At the same time, Varvara does not even think about their actions, night festivities do not seem immoral and unworthy. Tikhon is not in the city, he walks free and drunk and of course, does not feel guilty. Another thing is Katerina. At the time of dates with her beloved, she forgets about the terrible trial and about the fiery hyenas, which pursue a believer woman. But the husband returns and the fear of the made sin begins torturing Katerina. The impending thunderstorm strengthens the alarm of a woman, and she confesses in everything with her husband and mother-in-law, falling in front of a tacoon. It does not become easier for her, and she is looking for protection and support from Boris, but here there is no poor woman understanding. Boris cannot dislike Uncle, who sends him for love trips to Siberia. The choice of Katerina is not big, and she rushes into the Volga. Mother forbids her son to go to the body of his wife, because she is a jershitsa.

Characteristics of actors in the "Thunderstorm" play.

Katerina.

The main character of the drama island "thunderstorm". From the words of Katerina, we learn about her childhood and adolescence. The girl did not receive a good education. She lived with her mother in the village. Katerina's childhood was joyful, cloudless. Mother in her "souls did not chayal," did not forced to work on the housework.! We see that Katerina grew a happy, romantic, but limited to the girl. She loved everything around themselves: nature, sun, church, their home with the wanders, the poor, which she helped. But the most important thing in Kate is that she lived in his dreams, apart from the rest of the world. Of all the existing, she chose only what did not contradict her nature, the rest she did not want to notice and did not notice. It can be said that Katerina was naive and kind, brought up in a very religious spirit. But if she met on its path what contradicted her ideals, he turned into a recalcitrant and stubborn nature and defended himself from that outsiders, someone else's, which boldly disturb her soul. ON THE. Dobrolyubov wrote in her criticism: "Katerina does not belong to the rouse characters, dissatisfied, loving to destroy. On the contrary, this is the character of the advantage of creating, loving, perfect. That is why she tries to make everything in their imagination. The sense of love for a person, the need of gentle pleasures naturally opened in a young woman. "

After marriage, the life of Kati has changed a lot, the girl fell into life, complete deception, cruelty and omitting. The point is not even that Katerina came out for Tikhon not in his will: she didn't love anyone at all and she was still for whom to leave. The fact is that the girl took her former life she created for himself. Katerina no longer feels such a delight from the visit of the Church, she can not do their usual things. Sad, disturbing thoughts do not give her calmly admire nature. Kate stays tolerate, while waiting, and dream, but she can no longer live with their thoughts, because the cruel reality returns it to the ground, where the humiliation and suffering. Katerina is trying to find his happiness in love for Tikhon: "I will love my husband. Quishchka, my dove, I will not exchange you anymore." But sincere manifestations of this love are constantly dried by the boa: "What is you hanging on the neck, shamelessness? Not with a lover forgive." In Katerina, a very feeling of external humility and debt, so she makes himself love to love the unloved her husband. Tikhon and himself because of his mother's self-smuggling can not love his wife truly, although, probably, and wants. And when he, leaving for a while, leaves Katya to go to ingraded, the girl (already a woman) becomes quite lonely. For example, Katerina loves Boris? The reason is that she lacked something clean in the stuffy atmosphere of the house of Kabanih. And the love of Boris was this clean, did not give Katerina to finally burn, somehow supported her. She went on a date with Boris because she wanted to fulfill with love, knowing that there would be no other case. On the first date, Katerina told Boris: "You ruined me." Boris - the reason for the defamation of it; Souls, and for Kati it is equivalent to death. The sin hangs on her heart with a grave stone. The only way out of this situation, Katerina sees death: "No, I have something home, that in the grave is still ... in the grave it is better ... to live again? No, no, no need .. . Not good "pursued by his sin, Katerina leaves life to save his soul.

Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova.

Kabaniha Hanez and hypocrite. Under the mask of piety, she, "as a rye iron," eats their households, completely suppressing the will in them. Kabanih raised a haired son, wants to control each step. Kabaniha and wild-"pillars of society", spiritual mentors in the city of Kalinov, she is an enemy to all new, young, fresh. "So that's the old one and is displayed. In another house and we do not want to go. And you go out, so they stick, yes, it's more likely. What will happen like! Old men will refine how the light will stand, I don't know. Well, yes, even though it is good that I will not see anything. "

Savel Prokofievich Wild.

Just like a "dog" attacked at all. Behind him, capital is the basis of His greasyness, so he keeps himself. For wild there is one law - money. They defines the "value" of man. Rugan for him is an ordinary condition. Wildly not scrupulous in choosing funds. Under the Gnet of Wild and Babies moan not only their home, but also the whole city.

Simple traders, self-taught mechanic and dreamer. The appearance of it is not known to us. He is in fifty years old, but he is active and initiative. With Kuligin, we get acquainted at the very beginning of the plays. He sits on the bench and admires the Volga, even sings from pleasure.

Kuligin is able to find a common language with people. "What a good man!", Boris says about him. Kuligin noble dreamer, he constantly thinks about the well-being of society - wants to invent Perpetuum mobile and get a million for him, who would have spent to give work to the mesh. "And then there is hands, but there is nothing to work."

In the "Dark Kingdom" Kuligin appears a good person, he reads poems, sings, its judgments are always accurate and thorough. He is a good dreamer seeking to make people's life better, expand their knowledge about the world around. Often, it seems that the wise and judicious thoughts that Kuligin expresses are an assessment of the events of the play by the author himself.

The image of Kuligina is sympathy to me what he always knows what he strives. He has a goal - to make the life of society better, for this he tries to come up with all sorts of inventions, perpetuum mobile to give the money to the residents of the city. Only this character possesses some kind of aspirations in life, everyone else just live, solving everyday problems or creating them to others.

I think that Ostrovsky in the image of Kuligina wanted to depict the solution to solve the problem in Kalinov. Be Kulugin is not one in his aspirations or if it were in the richer, then he could really change the life of his society, but he was not given anything to him, and he was doomed, to be "outcast" in Kalinov.

Vanya Kudryash.

Vanya Kudryash, the young man, the wilderness of Wild. He is stronger than in some of the heroes of "thunderstorms", excluding, of course, Katerina, triumphs. This is a song, gifted and talented, dumbbed and reckless externally, but kind and sensitive in depth. Nevertheless, Kudryash gets awesome with Kalinov Nravami, his Natural Nature, but sometimes Waitual. The world of the Dark Kingdom Kudryash is opposed to his removal, mischief, but not moral power. Kudryash frets up, he does not want to obey self-made. "No, I can't worry before him." Kudryash is furiously loves Barbar and knows how to stand up for his feelings. Also Kudryash is not indifferent to the fate of other people.

It is a typical reflection of ordinary "Kalinovsev", confident that "it's still good that good people are; No, no Yes, and you hear that it's done on white light, but it would be so fools and died. " Head belongs to the "Dark Kigar", making this world to "his" and "strangers", on the patriarchal "virtue", where everything is "cool and rally", and on the external bustle, from which old orders and time begin "to the detail ".

Varvara Kabanova.

The Character of the Drama of Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" causes a significant interest of the reader. In this girl, the character is visible, and the character is strong enough. Let it never try to openly fight his mother and orders who reigned in the city of Kalinov. But nevertheless, she is not at all going to behave as it requires its powerful and-sensitive mother. Barbara perfectly understands that she is the mistress of his fate. Barbara is a realistic girl, and in this it is significantly different from a romantic and dreamy Katerina. The wwar looks at life very pragmatic, seeks to enjoy all the joys of life and willingly do it. And Katerina is advised to all her torment, she advises: "And what to dry something for the hunt! Though dying with longing, they will regret that they, you! How, wait. So what kind of invalor to torment yourself!". Barbar knows how to see someone else's Cheating and hypocris. This clearly indicates one episode. Katerina and Barbara talk, and suddenly a crazy lady appears. In my opinion, a polulous old woman speaks of God's kara, about fire, in which all sinners will burn. After her care, Katerina is truly frightened. She says: "Oh, how she scared me! I tremble all, exactly she prophesies me something." Katerina commends something bad, although the tragedy is still far away. Developed imagination is a girl with a bad service, she loses a sense of reality. And begins to suffer from incomprehensible anxiety. And Barbara responds to the words of the crazy lady, it is very simple: "On your head, the old carga!". Barbara does not take the words of the crazy lady to heart for a second. She soothes to Katerina, says that the lady "everyone will say so": "I sached out all my life. Ask, that it will be painted! Here to die something and is afraid." What myself is afraid of, the fact and others scares Step, Varbara hoped that Katerina would be a little more fun and happy when he would be near his beloved man. Barbara simply did not understand that Katerina - unlike her man, she Merit people in their standards. Varvara knows his brother perfectly, says that as soon as he breaks out from under the maternal control, it will definitely stuff. So really happens. Perfectly disassembled in life and in people who surround it. She just can not fully understand the Katerina, because it is so much different from all.

Boris Grigorievich.

Wild nephew. He is one of the most relaxed heroes of the play. Boris himself says about himself: "I'm already very killed, I'm drunk, scored ..." Good, well-educated person. It stands out sharply against the background of the merchant medium. But he is a weak man in his nature. Boris is forced to humiliate in front of his uncle, wild, for the sake of hope for the inheritance that he will leave him. Although the hero himself knows that it will never be, he, nevertheless, looks in front of Samodur, suffering his antics. Boris is unable to protect either Himself nor his favorite Katerina. In misfortune, he only dares and crying: "Ah, those people knew these people, what can I say goodbye to me! Oh my God! Give God, so that they sometime as sweetly was, as I now ... Vedoda you! Monsters! Eh, kaba strength! " But the forces of this Boris are not, so he is not able to alleviate the sufferings of Katerina and support her choice, taking off with him.

Tikhon Kabanov.

Katerina's husband, son of Kabani.

This image in its own way indicates the end of the patriarchal gender. Tikhon no longer considers it necessary to adhere to the old orders. But, by virtue of his character, he cannot act, as he considers it necessary, and go against the mother. His choice is everyday compromises: "What to listen to it! After all, something needs to talk! Well, and let her say, and you pass by your ears! " Baby, but a weak man, he rushes between fear of mother and compassion to his wife. The hero loves Katerina, but not the case, asking Kabaniha - Surovo, "Male." He does not want to prove his wife his power, he needs warmth and caress: "Why should she be afraid of? With me, quite pretty that she loves me. " But this in the house of Kabani Tikhon does not receive. At home, he is forced to play the role of obedient son: "Yes, I, Mama, and I don't want to live my will! Where can I live your will! " His only sweat is trips to affairs, where he forgets all his humiliation, they are soaring them in fault. Despite the fact that Tikhon loves Katerina, he does not understand what is happening with his wife, what spiritual flour is experiencing. Softness of the Tikhon is one of its negative qualities. It is because of her, he cannot help his wife in her fight with passion to Boris, he cannot alleviate the fate of Katerina and after her public repentance. Although he himself reacted to the treason of his wife gently, not angry at her: "Here Mama says that it must be buried her living in Earth so that she collapses! And I love her, I'm sorry to touch her finger. " Only over the body of a dead wife, Tikhon is solved on the riot against the mother, publicly accusing it in the death of Katerina. It is this riot for people who causes the most terrible blow to the Kabanchi.

Compressory building "Thunderstorm".

Conflict.

Shelling two or more sides, not coinciding in views, minigors. In the play of the island "thunderstorm" several conflicts. If you see in the image of Katerina, the reflection of the spontaneous protest of the masses against the syllable conditions of the "Dark Kingdom" and perceive the death of Katerina as a result of a collision with nominated mother-in-law, one should determine the genre of the play as a socio-domestic drama, and the conflict as a social.

Exposition.

The type of exposition has lived, as we get acquainted with the heroes, the epoch and tune in to the genre of the play. The playwright does not just introduce us to heroes and a place of action: it creates the image of the world in which heroes live and where the events unfold. That is why in the "thunderstorm", as in other plays of Ostrovsky, many people who will not become direct participants of intrigue, but are needed to clarify the very defendant of life. The action takes place in the fictional deaf town, the city of Kalinov is described in detail, specifically and multilaterally. In the violation, it would seem that the very nature of the drama in the "thunderstorm" is an important role playing a landscape described not only in remarks, but also in the dialogues of the actors. It is visible to his beauty, others looked at it and quite indifferent. High Volzhsky rolling coast, and zarechny gave the motif of space, the flight, inener, with Katerina. Childish is clean and poetic at the beginning of the play, in the final it is tragically transformed. Katerina appears on stage, dreaming to spread his hands and take off from the coastal circle, and leaves life, falling from this cliff to the Volga.

Tie of the main conflict.

Katerina decided to admit to his love for Boris, who in her eyes is the greatest sin. This determination of Katerina is manifested in the scene with the key. At first she pushes the key: "To what! Do not! Do not!" Then, keeping the key in his hands, recognizes itself: "That's though I am now! I live, I wonder, I do not see myself. And I will not see, know! " Frightened, whose steps, and hiding the key in his pocket: "Well, already know, so be ... What am I deceiving yourself? I even die, but see him ... "Katerina meets with Boris, while the feelings of sin only increases in her soul:" After all, I never suffer this sin, never to salty! .. Why do you dare you want! "

Main Peripetia.

The spiritual drama of her main character of Katerina, who fights himself, fights the ribs, followed by the foundations and traditions of the "Dark Kingdom".

Psychological conflict isolation.

it is clear that the internally Katerina was seriously: "I keep me home, that in the grave! The grave is better ... ", the formal junction is the death of Katerina.

The final of this play is based on the words of Tikhon. He exclaims that Katerina ruined Kabaniha. But the understanding of the internal experiences of Katerina is not available to Tikhon, as well as all other characters play.

Conclusion.

In his work A.N. Ostrovsky showed the tragedy of female fate in the conditions of the Meshchansky family, which followed the covenants and traditions of the housework. The writer showed how from a cheerful and naive girl a cruel family makes a person who is capable of suicide, that is, a person has brought to extremely despair and disappointment in life. The island of the island "thunderstorm" is a classic tragedy. In the "thunderstorm" are classicly all - characters - types, disproportion of causes and suffering, impairment of emotions and events.

The conflict "Thunderstorms" traditional for this genre between feeling and debt (sinful love for Boris) is played in the soul of Katerina. Katerina is a truly tragic hero, towering over his surroundings. For her, reconciliation on Earth is impossible, so the play ends with the death of the heroine. The actualness of the play at different times changes, but the importance of the island raised is great and today. Because today the main problems of society are concentrated around the concepts of love and hatred, wealth and poverty, good and evil.

List of references:

1. N. A. Dobrolyubov "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom", 1860

2. Article I. A Goncharov "Feedback on Drama" Thunderstorm "Ostrovsky".

3. S. Trukhtin "On the play is an island thunderstorm."

St. Petersburg State University of Culture and Arts.

The main character of the drama island "thunderstorm". The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work is the conflict of this girl with the "Dark Kingdom", the kingdom of self-rigging, despot and ignorance. To find out why this conflict arose and why the end of the drama is so tragic, you can, looking into the soul of Katerina, realizing her ideas about life. And it is possible to do, thanks to the skill of the playwright is Ostrovsky. From the words of Katerina, we learn about her childhood and adolescence. The girl did not receive a good education. She lived with her mother in the village. Katerina's childhood was joyful, cloudless. Mother in her "Souls did not chayal," did not force to work on the housework.

Katya lived freely: I got up early, washed away with spring water, crawled flowers, went with my mother to church, then sat for any job and listened to the strangers and mantis mantis, which was a lot in their house. Katerina dreamed of magic dreams in which she flew under the clouds. And how much contrasts with such a quiet, happy life of a six-year-old girl, when Katya, offended by something, ran away from the house on the Volga in the evening, got into the boat and pushed out of the coast! ... We see that Katerina grew a happy, romantic, but limited to the girl. She was very devout and passionately loving. She loved everything around themselves: nature, sun, church, their home with the wanders, the poor, which she helped. But the most important thing in Kate is that she lived in his dreams, apart from the rest of the world. Of all the existing, she chose only what did not contradict her nature, the rest she did not want to notice and did not notice. Therefore, I saw the girl of the angels in the sky, and there was a church for her not oppressive and gone by force, but the place where everything is light, where you can dream. It can be said that Katerina was naive and kind, brought up in a very religious spirit. But if she met on its path what contradicted her ideals, he turned into a recalcitrant and stubborn nature and defended himself from that outsiders, someone else's, which boldly disturb her soul. So it was in the case of a boat. After marriage, Kati has changed a lot. Of the free, joyful, sublime world, in which she felt his merger with nature, the girl fell into life, complete deception, cruelty and omitting.

She brought the cleanliness of his sacrifice free and Boris. In my opinion, going to this step, Katya already felt the approaching end and, probably, thought: "Now or never." She wanted to make love, knowing that there would be no other case. On the first date, Katerina told Boris: "You ruined me." Boris - the reason for the defamation of her soul, and for Kati it is equivalent to death. Sin hangs on her heart with a grave stone. Katerina is terribly afraid of the impending thunderstorm, considering her punishment for the perfect. Katerina was afraid of thunderstorms since he began to think about Boris. For her pure soul, even the thought of love for an outside person is sin. Katya can not live on with his sin, and the only way at least partially get rid of him to get rid of she considers repentance she admits in all her husband and boa. Such an act in our time seems very strange, naive. "I don't know how to deceive something; I can't hide nothing. "Such is Katerina. Tikhon forgave his wife, but she forgave himself self-well very religious. Katya is afraid of God, and her God lives in her, God is her conscience. The girl is tormented by two questions: how she will return home and will look into the eyes of her husband, which changed, and how she will live with a stain on their conscience.

The only way out of this situation, Katerina sees death: "No, I am that home, that in the grave is still ... in the grave it is better ... I live again, no, no need ... Not good" persecuted with your sin, Katerina leaves Life to save your soul. Dobrolyubov defined the character of Katerina as "decisive, solid, Russian." Decisive, because she decided on the last step, to death for the sake of saving himself from shame and remorse. One piece, because in the nature of Kati everything is harmonious, one, nothing contradicts each other, because Katya is one with nature, with God. Russian, because who, like either a Russian person, is able to love so much, is able to sacrifice it so much, so it seems to submore all the deprivation, remaining with it myself, free, not a slave.

Piez "Thunderstorm" wrote in 1859 during the period when in Russia there is a change of public ruins, on the eve of the peasant reform. Therefore, the play was perceived as an expression of the spontaneous revolutionary sentiment of the masses. Ostrovsky not in vain gave his own play "Thunderstorm". It happens not only as a natural phenomenon, the action unfolds under the sounds of thunder, but also as an inner phenomenon - the heroes are characterized by attitude towards the thunderstorm. For each hero, the thunderstorm is a special symbol, for some - this is a harbinger of the storm, for other cleansing, the beginning of a new life, for the third - is the "voice over", which predicts some important events or warns against any actions.

In the soul, Katerina takes place, to anyone, an invisible thunderstorm, a thunderstorm for her - this is Kara Heavenly, "The Hand of the Lord", which should show her for treason to her husband: "It's not that scared that kills you, but the fact that death will suddenly be worn away by everyone Thoughts are flaws. " Katerina is afraid and waiting for a thunderstorm. She loves Boris, but it oppresses her. She believes that he will burn in "Geenna Fire" for his sinful feeling.

For the mechanic Kuligin, the thunderstorm is the rude manifestation of natural forces, consonant with human ignorance, with whom it is necessary to fight. Kuligin believes that making the mechanization and enlightenment, you can achieve power over the "Thunder", which carries the meaning of rudeness, cruelty and immorality: "I tele the body in the praha, I command the whole thunder." Kuligin dreams to build a rapid ride to save people from fear over a thunderstorm.

For Tikhon, the thunderstorm is an evil, oppressing from the mother. He is afraid of her, but as the son must obey her. Leaving from the house on business, Tikhon says: "Yes, I know Taperitsa, that there will be no weeks for two weeks for two weeks, there are no shaft on my feet."

Wild believes that it is impossible and sinful to confront lightning. For him, the thunderstorm is humility. Despite his wild and evil temper, he persogesly subordinate to the boa.

Boris Human thunderstorms fear more than natural. Therefore, he leaves, throws Katerina one none with human molva. "It's terrible here!" - Says Boris, running away from the mission of the whole city.

Thunderstorm in the Ostrovsky play symbolizes as ignorance and anger, heavenly punishment and retribution and cleansing, insight, beginning of a new life. This is evidenced by the conversation of two citizens Kalinov, the inhabitants began to occur in the worldview of the inhabitants, the evaluation of the whole occurrence began to change. Perhaps people will have a desire to overcome their fear of thunderstorms, get rid of the oppression of the Evil and ignorance, reigning in the city. After the terrible rollers of thunder and lightning strikes, the sun will again shine over the heads.

N. A. Dobrolyubov in the article "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom" The image of Katerina interpreted as a "spontaneous protest, brought to the end", and suicide - as a strength of a volin-loving nature: "Gorky is such a liberation; But what to do when there is no other. "

I believe that the play of the island "thunderstorm" was timely and contributed to the fight against oppressors.

Do you need to download an overnumber? We save and save - "The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work of" Thunderstorm ". And the bookmarks appeared a ready essay.

The play of Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" is rightfully considered not only the top of the writer's creativity, but also one of the prominent works of domestic drama. It represents a large-scale socio-historical conflict, the confrontation of two eras, the crisis of the social and political life of a whole state. We offer to familiarize yourself with the literary analysis of the work according to plan, which will be useful than a graded student when preparing for a lesson on literature.

Brief analysis

Year of writing - 1859 year.

History of creation - The play is written under the influence of traveling along the Volga, during which the writer recorded interesting household scenes, conversations and cases from the life of the Volga provincials.

Subject - The product is covered by the problem of the relationship between two generations, two fundamentally different worlds. Also raised themes of family and marriage, sin and repentance.

Composition- The composition of the work is built on the contrast. Exposure - a description of the characters of the main actors and the mistake of their life, the tie - the conflict of Katerina with the boa, the development of actions - the love of Katerina to Boris, the culmination - the internal torment of Katerina, her departure from life, the disconnection - protest barbarians and Tikhon against the tyranny of the mother.

Genre - Piece, drama.

Direction- Realism.

History of creation

Ostrovsky began writing the play in July 1859, and a few months later she was ready and sent to St. Petersburg to the court to literary critics.

Inspiration for the Writer served as an ethnographic expedition on the Volga, organized by the Maritime Ministry to study the morals and customs of the indigenous population of Russia. One of the participants in this expedition was Ostrovsky.

During the trip, Alexander Nikolaevich witnessed the many household scenes, the dialogues of the provincial public, which he absorbed, like a sponge. Subsequently, they formed the basis of the Pieza "Thunderstorm", giving the drama of people's character and true realism.

The fictional city of Kalinov, described in the play, imagined the characteristic features of the Volga cities. Their originality and indescribable flavor admired the Ostrovsky, who thoroughly overlooked all his observations about the life of the provincial towns in her diary.

For a long time there was a version that a writer took the plot for his work from real life. On the eve of writing the play in Kostroma, a tragic story was happening - a young girl named Alexander Klykov was drowned in the Volga, unable to withstand the oppressive atmosphere in the house of her husband. Necessary, the powerful mother-in-law oppressed the daughter-in-law, while the non-scatter spouse could not protect his wife from the attacks of the mother. The situation was aggravated by a love tie between Alexander and postal employees.

Being safely passing censorship, the play was put on the stage of the Small Academic Theater in Moscow and the Alexandrin Dramatic Theater in St. Petersburg.

Subject

In his work, Alexander Nikolaevich raised many important topics, but the main among them became the topic of the conflict of two epochs - Patriarchal Uklade and the young, strong and bold generation, full of light hopes for the future.

Katerina became the personification of a new, progressive era that desperately needed exemption from the chain shackles of dark satellites. She could not put up with a hypocrisy, to get into and humiliate in the sake of the prevailing ruins. Her soul sought to light and beautiful, however, in conditions of a sharp ignorance, all her impulses were doomed to failure.

Through the prism of the relationship of Katerina and her new family, the author tried to convey to the reader the established situation in society, which turned out to be on the verge of a global social and moral fracture. This idea, how can not be better consistent with the meaning of the name of the play - "Thunderstorm". This powerful natural element has become the personification of the collapse of the stagnant atmosphere of the provincial town, mired in superstitions, prejudices and falsehood. The death of Katerina during a thunderstorm became the inner impetus that prompted many of Kalinov residents to the most decisive action.

The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work It was concluded in the resignation of its interests - the desire for independence, beauty, new knowledge, spirituality. Otherwise, all the wonderful spiritual impulses will be mercilessly destroyed by its old orders, for which any deviation from the established rules is faithful.

Composition

In "Thunderstorm", the analysis includes the analysis of the composite structure of the play. The feature of the composition of the work is in the artistic contrast, on which the entire structure of the play consisting of five actions is constructed.

In the expositionworks Ostrovsky draws a lifestyle of the inhabitants of the city of Kalinin. He describes the historically established foundations of the world, which is destined to become a decoration to the described events.

Followed by vazka, in which there is an unrestrained increase in the conflict of Katerina with her new family. The confrontation of Katerina with the bubbani, their reluctance will even try to understand the other side, the challenging of the Tikhon injected the situation in the house.

Development of action The plays lies in the inner struggle of Katerina, which from hopelessness rushes into the arms of another man. Being a deeply moral girl, she feels the flour conscience, realizing that he made a betrayal towards the legal spouse.

Culminationrepresented by the recognition of Katerina, committed under the influence of internal suffering and the curses of Barynie surviving from the mind, and its voluntary leaving. In the extreme despair, the heroine sees the solution of all his problems only in his death.

Junctionthe plays lies in the manifestation of Tikhon's protest and barbarians against the despotism of the Kabani.

main characters

Genre

According to the island, the "thunderstorm" is realistic drama. Such a literary genre defines a serious, morally heavy plot, as close as possible to reality. It is also based on the conflict of the main character with the environment.

If we talk about the direction, then this play fully corresponds to the direction of realism. Proof of this are detailed descriptions of the morals and the living conditions of residents of small Volga cities. The author attaches great importance to this aspect, since the realism of the work as it is impossible to emphasize him the main idea.

The premiere of "thunderstorms" took place on December 2, 1859 in the Alexandrinsky Theater in St. Petersburg. Present on the performance of A.A. Grigoriev recalled: "This is what the people say! .. I thought, leaving the lodges in the corridor after the third action" Thunderstorm "ending the explosion ...

For works of realistic direction, it is characterized by putting items or phenomena with a symbolic meaning. This technique was first used by A. S. Griboedov in the comedy "grief from the mind," and this was another principle of realism. A. N. Ostrovsky continues ...

Enough between loved ones is particularly irreconfected by P. Tacitis there is no worse than waiting for madness and delusion than seeing his own children because of them. U. Samner Pieces A.N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm" talks about the life of the provincial ...

In the work of A. N. Ostrovsky, the topic of the "hot heart" occupies a very important place. Constantly exposing the "Dark Kingdom", the writer sought to approve the high moral principles, tirelessly looking for forces that could resist despotism, predatoryness, ...

A. N. Ostrovsky is rightfully considered a singer of a merchant environment, the father of the Russian household drama, the Russian theater. Its Peru belongs to about 60 pieces, of which are the most famous, such as "Dusty", "Late Love", "Forest", "on every sage is pretty ...

In 1845, Ostrovsky worked at the Moscow Commercial Court by the stationery official of the table "for the cases of verbal violence." In front of him, the whole world of dramatic conflicts was revealed, it sounded all the different wealth of a living Great Russian language ....

A.N. Ostrovsky. Storm.

Theme, problem, idea and pathos "Thunderstorms".

In "thunderstorm" subject- Image of the life and morals of the Russian merchants of the 1960s of the 19th century.

Problems - Sociocultural and eternal. The impairment of the sammourism as a social and psychological phenomenon in wild and wild and kabanova images. The condemnation of moral weakness, egoism, adapting through the images of Tikhon, Boris and Barbara. The problem of the Russian national heroic character embodied in the image of Katerina. The problem of love, sin and repentance .

Idea: Ostrovsky claims that the desire for freedom and happiness is natural and irresistibly, despite the tragicness of life circumstances, and the self-smuggling of any kind is doomed to death. The desire for freedom, justice, truth at all times has a high price .

Pafos play- tragic. Its foundation is the struggle of Katerina for the implementation and protection of sublime ideals, the impossibility of achieving the ideal at a given historical moment in this social environment.

Conflict.

In the "thunderstorm" we meet two types of conflict. On the one hand, this is a contradiction between the rulers (wild, kabaniha) and subjects (Katerina, Tikhon, Boris, etc.) is an external conflict. On the other hand, the action moves due to the conflict psychological, internal - in the soul of Katerina.

Composition.

"Thunderstorm" begins with exposure. Exposition- This is usually the initial part of the work that precedes the string, introduces the actors, the place and the time of action. The conflict here is still missing (1 action, 1 -4 phenomena). Here the author creates the image of the world in which heroes live and the events unfold.

Then goes development of action That is, a number of episodes in which actors try to actively resolve the conflict. Finally, the conflict comes to the moment when contradictions require immediate permission, the conflict reaches maximum development - this culmination(4 d., 6 phenomenon). Since there are two conflict in the play - each has its own climax. The culmination of the internal conflict is the last monologue of Katerina in 5 action.

Following her - junction which demonstrates insoluability of the conflict (Katerina's death).

Artistic features of drama.

Special artistic reception - using symbols.

Symbol-free artistic image, type of allegory. It is multi-rival.

Multivocally, the word "thunderstorm", made in the title. It is symbolic and an image of the "fire" on the wall, symbolized the image of a crazy lady. Catherine's aspiration to freedom is symbolized by free bird flying.

Used in the play and reception of "talking surnames" and special adoption of heroes. The unbridled arbitrariness of the wild fully corresponds to his last name, and in the city his name is "Warrior" - this is a sign.

The city of Kalinov is the space of self-smuggling and fear.

The city as a place of action has the same functions as the landscape: affects the character and psyche Situation in "Thunderstorm" - Fictional town of Kalinov on the high bank of the Volga. (Then this town will be the place of the Other Drum - "Forest", "Hot Heart ».)

Time of action - "Our days", that is, the very end of the 1850s. The action takes place on the bank of the Volga, symbolizing will, freedom. Here, according to Kuligina, "beauty". This "beauty" is opposed the image of the city Kalinov

The city of Kalinov under the Pen Ostrovsky turns into independent image becomes one of equal heroes play. He lives his life, has his own character, his own nests. As the urban sage kuligin says, "cruel morals, sir, in our city, cruel!" In it, the invisible, unshable tears, and on the surface - quiet and grace. If it were not for Katerina with her official Bunt against tradition, so everything quietly and coordinated, the thunderstorm would have passed the party.

Wild

Wild, endowed with the "talking surname," has a special admission: in the city his name is "Warrior". He is Samodor, tyrant, knows one power - the power of money. Looking for unrequited to indispens your malice. Its life consists of quarrels with surrounding and storage. He feels this emptiness, she oppresses him and angry even more.

The epithet "steep heart", characterizing wild, leitmotive, five times the word "heart" is repeated due to its way. In his concept, this word is associated with anger, indignation, anger, angry. So he asks Kabaniu: "Talk me, so that I have a heart" (\u003d anger). But admire with himself: "Why do I tell me to do with yourself when I have a heart?" Here the heart means "character." Is the angry - the original line of his character? Not. Kabanova directly declares him: "Why are you deliberately in my heart?" In this replica - a hint. Samodor himself blows himself, "leads to the heart." What for? To make sure your power. And why power? For the power itself. So, due to fear for its power, it requires constant confirmation of it. "One word: warrior!" _ Speaks about him Shapkin. In 3 actions, he himself recognizes: "... I have a war there." And all depend on the gravity of the "warrior": he wants - it is calculated with the employees, gives Boris his share of inheritance, does not want - his will. And can not suppress a person - keeps like Kudryash, near, in sight, on its territory . Speechits fully complies with the nature - rude, is offensive, oversaturated reduced vocabulary And curses: "Darmot", "Loss of you are the Promotion", "Ugh you, damned", "you have fallen", "imposed."

Test.

Test.

Public garden on the high shore ________; For __________ Rural view.

On stage two benches and several bushes.

Phenomenon first

Kuligin sits on a bench and looks at the river. Kudryash and Shapkin

walk.

Kuligin (sings)."Among the valley is flat, on a smooth height ..." (Stops

sing.)Miracles, truly need to say that miracles! Kudryash! Here's brother you

my, fifty years I look for ________ every day and I can not gladly look.

Kudryash. What?

Kuligin. The kind of extraordinary! Beauty! The soul is rejoicing.

Kudryash. Neshto!

Kuligin. Delight! And you: "Neshto!" I looked like, or do not understand

what beauty in nature is spilled.

Kudryash. Well, let's be with you to interpret! You have an antique, chemist!

Kuligin. Mechanic, self-taught mechanic.

Kudryash. All one.

Silence

Kuligin (Showing to the side).Look, brother Kudryash, who is there

so hand waves?

Kudryash. It? This is a wild nephew scolding.

Kuligin. Found a place!

Kudryash. He is everywhere else. It is afraid that it, he is! I got sacrifice

Boris Grigorich, here he is on it and goes.

Shapkin. So such a crossover, as we have Savel Prokofich, look more!

For nothing man will break through.

Kudryash. Piercing man!

Shapkin. Good too and kabaniha.

Kudryash. Well, yes, at least in extremes, everything under the guise of piety, and this

from the chain broke!

Shapkin. Having no one to take it, so he is fighting!

Kudryash. We have little guys on my one to become, and then we would bother him

Shapkin. What would you do?

Kudryash. Would be injured carefully.

Shapkin. Like this?

Kudryash. Four-way stack, in the lane someday would talk to

him with an eye on the eye, so it would be silk. And about our science and not

he would sing anyone, just walked yes I looked around.

Shapkin. No wish he wanted to give you to the soldiers.

Kudryash. I wanted, but did not give it, so it's all one that nothing. He will not give me:

he feels his nose, then I can't sell my head cheaply. It is him

stray, and I can talk to him.

Shapkin. Oh whether!

Kudryash. What's here: Oh Li! I am bubbered; Why does he keep me?

It became, I need me. Well, it means that I am not afraid of him, and I put me

Shapkin. I wonder if he does not scold you?

Kudryash. How not to scold! He can not breathe without it. Yes, I do not descend:

he is a word, and I am ten; Plus, and go. No, I'm in front of him

i will not worry.

Kuligin. From him, that it is to take an example! It is better to delete.

Second phenomenon

The same, wild and boris.

Wild Babyshi you, I come here! Darmot! Loss of you

propase!

Boris. Holiday; What to do at home!

Wild You will find a job as you want. Since you told you, two you told you: "Not

dare to meet me "; You all neat! Do you have little place? Where to

nor appear, here you are! Ugh you, damned! What are you as a pillar cost something! Are you talking al no?

Boris. I listen to what I still do!

Wild (Looking at Boris). You got! I'm with you and say something not

i want, with Yezuit. (Leaving.)So imposed! (Splashes and goes.)

Alexander Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm".

B1.Which of the three birth of literature belongs to the "Thunderstorm" play (answer

wrong in the nominative case)?

B2.Insert the name of the river about which is speech

(in the nominative case).

B3.For wild, bubbani (and other heroes of their type) the word fixed,

blidden Ostrovsky and made after his plays

commonly used. They usually denote the "power person

which is guided in relationship with people personal

arbitrariness. One of the heroes of Ostrovsky hp this word so:

"This is called, if the man does not listen to anyone, you at least

number on the head of Tehi, and he is all his own. Heat foot will say: who am I?

There, all the homemade to his feet should, so lie, and then

bed ... "Write this word.

B4.What a sharp clash, confronting characters and

circumstances based on stage action (start

we see such a confrontation in the resulting fragment)?

B5.What is the name of the speech communication of two or more persons built on

alternating their statements in a conversation?

B6.What is the name of a small statement of the character, the phrase that

does he say in response to the words of another character?

the expressions of the heroes scored in italics. What a term of them

denote?

Clear and picking up.

To the question in the amount of 5-10 sentences. Answers Record

Clear and picking up.

C1.If you were the director of the play, what

comments Would give actors engaged in the episode

(On the example of one or two roles)?

The resulting fragment is taken from the first action "Thunderstorms". In it island

les on the stage of all heroes to introduce the viewer with them. Before

we are the first appearance of the Kabanov family (first output, first words

the hero in drama is always very important for his understanding). Just we

heard from Kuligin that Kabaniha - Hange, that she "beggars will wipe, but

homemade lets at all. " Now we see it in half.

Actress, playing boa, need to master different intonations. Heroine

generously uses them in their hostilities against homemade. She is

complains and pretty a humble, then threatens and accuses, he says

"Hot", then "completely coolly". Kabaniha - a wizard to confuse, whip people for an externally good goal. It is based on its character - the same self-use that the wild, only covered with piety. The key moment of the fragment is the unfolded replica of kabani about law and fear. She gives an anxiety that heroin feels (new, "the last" times came, the unshakable basics fluctuate).

Katerina, on the contrary, does not know how to pretend what the bubble says right.

Actress playing katerina, you need to show this directness and openness of it

character not adapted to life in the "dark kingdom" Kalinov. Here

knows how to live Barbara (not by chance all her replicas - aside, she knows how and

externally comply with the rules, and find the exit of your inner energy - "If only all Shito-covers" was).

Tikhon is the crown and humble son of his mother who is in self-esteem to funny. Note the deer in his speech: so they say the servants with the gentlemen, the lowest ranks with the highest. Tikhon belongs to such a group of heroes of the play, who are arguing with their lives under the fifth self-sighted (Boris, Kuligin).

The more interesting there will be a public protest that Tikhon will decide in

It is also important to note that the whole scene externally is a walk

family in the city. None of those surrounding and will impose that inside this chinno walking family - war. It is very similar to Kuligin's stories about the device of Kalinovskoy life - a locked gate, high fences, followed by the help of home and pour tears.

After this scene, the reasons for the conflict of Katerina become clear

"Dark Kingdom."

C2.What other works of Russian literature rises the topic

relationships of parents and children and which rolls arise

between them and the play "Thunderstorm"?

The theme of the relationship of parents and children rises in many

works of Russian literature. Schoolchildren can contact, for example,

to "inexpensive" Fonvizin, "grief from the mind" of Griboedov, "Captain's daughter" Pushkin, "Dead souls" of Gogol (Chichikov's childhood), "Oblomov"

Goncharov, "Fathers and Children" Turgenev, "War and Mire" Tolstoy, etc.

Test.

Part 1

B O R and C (without seeing Katerina). Oh my God! After all, this is her voice! Where is she? (Looking around.) K a t e r and n a (runs up to it and falls on the neck). I saw you! (Cries on his chest.) Silence. B o p and s. Well, so we sworn together, God led. K a t e r and n a. You did not forget me? B o p and s. How to forget that you! K a t e r and n a. Oh, no, not that, not that! Are you angry at me? B o p and s. Why am I angry? Katerina, well, forgive me! I did not want to do you evil; Yes, it was not free. What he said that she did, he did not remember himself. B o p and s. Full that you! What are you! K a t e r and n a. Well, how are you? Now, how are you? B o p and s. Food. K a t e r and n a. Where are you going? B o p and s. Far, Katya, to Siberia. K a t e r and n a. Take me from here! B o p and s. It is impossible to me, Katya. I don't care about the will of food: Uncle sends, and horses are ready; I just took over the uncle for a minute, I wanted to say goodbye to you, where we saw you. K a t e r and n a. Go with God! Do not tillage about me. At first it will be boring to you, poor, and there they will take a visit. B o p and s. What about me to interpret! I am a free bird. How are you? What kind of mother-in-law? K a t e r and n a. Tormented me, locks. He says to everyone and the husband says: "Do not believe her, she is tricky." Everything goes for me all day and laugh in my eyes straight. On each word they will try you all. B o p and s. And husband? K a t e r and n a. That afford, it is angry, but drinks everything. Yes, he pushed me, pushed, caressing his worse me worse. B o p and s. Hard to you, Katya? K a t e r and n a. It's so hard, it's hard to die easier! B o p and s. Who knew that that we were for the love of our way to suffer with you! Better to run to me then! K a t e r and n a. I saw you on trouble. Joy saw little, and go-ary, hot, then what! Yes, in front of how much! Well, yes what to think about what will happen! Now I saw you, that they do not take me; And I don't need anything else. Only after all I needed to see you. So now it was much easier for me; Exactly the mountain from the shoulders fell. And I thought everyone was angry with me, curse me ... b about r and s. What are you, what are you! K a t e r and n a. Yes no, everything is not what I say; Not that I wanted to say! I was boring for you, that's what, well, here I saw you ... b about r and s. Did not come here! K a t e r and n a. Wait, wait! Something I wanted to tell you ... So forgot! Something needed to say! In the head, everything is confused, I will not remember anything. B o p and s. Time me, Katya! Katerina. Wait, wait the day! Boris. Well, what did you say that I wanted? K a t e r and n a. Now I will say. (Thinking.) Yes! You will go expensive, none of you are so missing so much, everyone will give yes the orders, so that I pray for my sinful soul. B o p and s. Oh, kaba knew these people, what can I say goodbye to you! Oh my God! God forbid, so that they sometime have been as sweet, as I now. Goodbye, Katya! (Hugs and wants to leave.) Villain you! Monsters! Eh, kaba strength! A.N. Ostrovsky, "Thunderstorm."
B1.	Indicate the literary race to which the work belongs.
	Answer:
B2.	What act of Katerina will follow immediately with the events?
	Answer:
Vz
	Answer:
B4.
	Answer:
B5.	In the answer blank, write down the phrase, which for the play was the poetic leitmotif of the image of Katerina, and said by Boris in this scene, exposes his insincerity (fragment from the words "Go with God!").
	Answer:
B6.	The answer of Katerina to the Tikhon's replica ("Who knew that that we were for the love of our love to suffer with you! ..") is a complete deployed statement. What is the name of a similar type of statement in the dramatic product?
	Answer:
B7.	The last words of Boris contain exclamations that have the goal to attract the attention of the listeners. What are such exclamations?
	Answer:
B1.		drama
B2.		suicide
B3.
B4.
B5.		free Bird
B6.		monologue
B7.		Rhetorical

C1. What are Boris and Tikhon? Open your position.

Tikhon and Boris. Comparative characteristic (according to Dram A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm")

Piece "Thunderstorm" was admitted to the dramatic censorship to the presentation in 1859. Censor I. Nordstrem, who was well believed to A. N. Ostrovsky, at the request of the friends of the playwright introduced the "thunderstorm" as a love, and not socially accuratory, satirical and in his report did not mention her bubbani, nor about the wilderness. But the love conflict is poured into public and unites everyone else: family, social. Kulin's conflicts with wild and ribs, curly with wild, Boris with wild, barbarians with wild boathars, are joined to the conflict of Katerina and Boris.

Two male images help us understand the character of Katerina. Smrey, unrequited Tikhon, Katerina's husband, loving her, but not able to defend, and Boris, a wild niece, who came to Kalinov from Moscow.

Boris Impaired to Kalinov: " Parents were brought up in Moscow well, nothing for us did not regret us. I was given to the commercial academy, and sister in the boarding house, and both suddenly died in the cholere; My sister and I were left. Then we hear that the grandmother died here and left the testament so that uncle would pay us some, what should we come to the majority, only with the condition" Boris is uncomfortable in the city, he cannot get used to the local orders: " Eh, Kuligin, hurts it hard to me here without habit! Everyone at me somehow is wildly looking, for sure I am supervised here, exactly prevent them. Customs I do not know here. I understand that all this is our Russian, native, but still I will not get used to.»

Combines both heroes under the acelness, dependence: Tikhona - from the native mother, Boris - from Wild. Tikhon from the youngster is in the power of a despotic mother, in all agree with it, does not dare to replace. She soely suppressed his will that, even marrying in Katerina, Tikhon continues to live on the maternal pointer:

Kabanova: If you want a mother to listen, so you will come there, do the way I ordered you.

Kabanov: Yes, how can I, mammy, disobey you!

N. A. Dobrolyubov, considering the image of Tikhon, notes that he "loved his wife himself and would be ready to do for her; But the oppression, under which he grew up, so I was worn out that there was no strong feeling in it ... ".

Tikhon does not know how to please the mother ("... only I do not know what I am for the unfortunate such person on the light born that I can not please anything"), And even disappears on anyone who is not a guy Katerina (" Here you see, you always go for you from Mama! Here is my life, what!"). And the rights were Kuligin, when he said that behind the locked gates in the families "Depravity of the dark and drunkenness!" Tikhon drinks from hopelessness, trying to brighten her life. He is waiting for a trip to break out from under the maternal tyranny. Varvara understands the true wishes of the brother:

Varvara: Sit Mama, locked. She sharpening it now, like a rye iron.

Katerina: For what?

Varvara: For anything, so, the mind teaches. Two weeks on the road will be sworn business! Hedgehogs! She my heart is worn out that he walks on his will. Here it now gives him orders, one of the other is terrible, but then he will lead to the image, will force, that everything is so accurate, as ordered.

Katerina: And on the will, it is like connected.

Varvara: Yes, how connected! He will leave, so stuff. He now listens, and he thinks, as if to escape something as soon as possible.

Tikhon cannot, yes it simply simply comes to him in the head, to contradict the mother, can not protect Katerina from attacks, although it regrets her. In the scene of farewell, we see how Tikhon suffers, realizing that it offends his wife, giving punishes under the pressure of the mother:

Kabanova: What are you standing, do you not know about order? Order a wife, how to live without you.

Kabanov: Yes, she, tea, herself knows.

Kabanova: Talking more! Well, well, order! So that I heard that you order her! And then you will come, ask if everything performed.

Kabanov: Listen to Mama, Katya!

Kabanova: Tell me, so as not to bless the mother-in-law.

Kabanov: Not Ground!

Kabanova: so that I read the mother-in-law, like a native mother!

Kabanov: Read, Katya, Mama, like a native mother!

Kabanova: So that the handles are not sitting like a lady!

Kabanov: Work something without me! Etc.

Tikhon prefers "non-resistance", in its own way adapting to home tyranny. He comforts Katerina, trying to upline his guilt: " All to take everything to the heart, so you will come to the consume. What to listen to her! After all, something needs to talk! Well, let her say, and you pass by your ears ... "

Boris is also in a dependent position, because the main condition for the receipt of the inheritance is the manifestation of respect for the uncle, the wilderness. He confess that they would throw " everyone went. And then sister sorry».

Boris is a new face in the city, but also begins under the influence of "cruel morals" Kalina. What did he deserve the love of Katerina? Perhaps Katerina draws attention to Boris because it is visiting, not local; Or, as N. Dobrolyubov wrote, "I am not one thing that he likes it that he looks like and does not like the rest in the speeches ...; She entails her and the need of love, who did not find a review in the husband, and an offended sense of wife and women, and the deadly longing of her monotonous life, and the desire of will, expanses, hot, busy freedom.

Katerina claims that he loves her husband, replacing the concept of "love" for pity. According to Barbara, "if it is a pity, you don't love. And not for what, you need to tell the truth! "

I believe that Boris love too much for what. He knew that this forbidden, sinful communication could have very difficult consequences for him, and especially for Katerina. And Kudryash warns: " Only you look, do not make a hassle, and do not enter her in trouble! Put, even though she has a husband and a fool, and the mother-in-law hurts Luta" But Boris does not even try to resist his feeling or form Katerina. But this is not the worst. The behavior of Boris is striking after Katerina admitted to betraying mother-in-law and her husband. Boris is also not able to protect Katerina. But she offers a way out of this situation - asks to take her to Siberia, ready to go with his beloved even on the edge of the world. But Boris is unimportantly answering: " It is impossible to me, Katya. I don't care about the will of food: uncle sends, and horses are ready... ". Boris is not ready for an open riot, namely, the Kalinovans would be regarded, for which hero did not dare. It turns out that the inheritance is still more expensive. He is ready only to cry together with Katerina over his own and its accidents. And he understands that he leaves a favorite woman to die (" Only one and you need to ask God to die as soon as possible to do not suffer long!"). It is impossible to disagree with the point of view N. A. Dobrolyubov that "Boris is not a hero, he is far from Katerina, she loved him more on a fascinarian ... He represents one of the circumstances making the necessary fatal end ... »Pieces.

But Tikhon, on the contrary, turned out to be humane, above and stronger Boris! Despite the fact that Katerina changed and disgraced him, he was capable of sympathy for her and to his opponent: " Takes up too; crying We thrown at him with uncle, they scolded, scolded - silent. Exactly wild what happened. With me, says what you want to do, just do not torment her! And he also has pity for her too».

The love of Tikhon to Katerina is fully manifested after her death:

« Mama, let my death! I pull it out, otherwise it is myself ... what I feel without her!"And at this point, Tikhon turned out to be able to tell Mother to the truth, accusing it in the death of his wife:" Mama, you wanted her! You, you, you...»

These words and suggest that new times have come, where it is not a despoty, self-judicial place, oppression.

C2. What causes the protest of Katerina in the drama "Thunderstorm" and in what works of Russian literature of the XIX century are the heroes of the Buntari depict?

Test.

Part 1

Read the following text fragment and perform the B1-B7 tasks; C1-C2.

D and k about th. After you, I froze everything. (Kuligina.) Leaves from me! Loose! (With heart.) Stupid man! K u l and g and n. Savel Prokofich, because from this, your degree, for all general people in general. D and k about th. Look you away! What is the benefit! Who needs this benefit? K u l and g and n. Yes, at least for you, your degree, Savel Prokofich. Here is, sir, on the boulevard, in a clean place, and put. And what is the expense? Empty consumption: Stone Stage (Shows gestures of each thing), a copper plate, such a round, and a hairpin, here is a straight line (shows a gesture), simple. I'll approach all this and the numbers will cut everything yourself. Now you are your degree when I find a walk or others who are walking, now come up and see what time it is. And then the sick place is beautiful, and the view, and everything, but as if empty. We, too, your degree, and there are happening, go there our species look, still decoration - it is pleasant for the eyes. D and k about th. Why do you climb me with every nonsense! Maybe I'm with you and I do not want to say. You had to learn before, in the location of you to listen, fool, or not. What am I to you - even, or something! You are what you have found an important thing! So straight with the digit and climbs to talk. K in l and g and n. I climb with my business, well, then I would be to blame. And then I am for the general benefit, your degree. Well, it means for society some rubles ten! More, sir, do not need. D and k about th. Or maybe you want to steal; Who knows you. K u l and g and n. If I want to put my works, what can I steal your degree? Yes, everyone knows me here, no one will not speak badly about me. D and k about th. Well, let us know, and I don't want to know you. K u l and g and n. For what, Sudar Savel Prokofich, an honest person to offend? D and k about th. Report, what, I will give you! I and I do not give you anything to anyone. I want to think so about you, and I think. For others you are an honest person, and I think you are a robber, that's all. I wanted to hear it from me? So listen! I say that the robber and the end! What are you, to sue, if you, will you be with me? So you know that you worm. I want to give me, I will write down. K in l and g and n. God is with you, Savel Prokofich! I, sir, little man, offend me for a short time. And I have something to do with you, your Penetty: "And in the rubies, the rents Virtue!" D and k about th. You do not dare to bed! You hear! K u l and g and n. No I rude to you, sir, do not; And I tell you because, maybe you and you think about something for the city to do. Forces you, your degree, a lot; Was only the will on a good deed. At least now, we will take: we have frequent thunderstorms, and we will not get thunderous taps. D and k about y (proudly). All fuss! K in l and g and n. Yes, what kind of fuss when the experiments were? D and k about th. What are these thunderwood there? K in l and g and n. Steel. D and k about y (with anger). Well, what else? K u l and g and n. Steel sixts. D and k about th (get married more or more). I heard that the sixth, aspid you are a story; And even what? Nated: Six! Well, what else? K u l and g and n. Nothing more. D and k about th. Yes, the thunderstorm is what it is, in your opinion, eh? Well, speak. K in l and g and n. Electricity. D and k about th (stuck foot). What an elast trough there! Well, how are you not a robber! The thunderstorm is sent to us in the punishment, so that we feel, and you want sixtes, and some kind of soles, forgive the Lord, defend. What are you, Tatar, or what? Tatar you? A, Speak! Tatar? K u l and g and n. Savel Prokofich, your degree, Derzhavin said: I tend to teach the body in the praha, I command the thunder. D and k about th. And for these words to send you to the city, so he will ask you! Hey, respectable, listen, what he says! K u l and g and n. Needless to do, you need to conquer! But when I have a million, then I'll talk. (Waving his hand, leaves.) D and k about th. Well, you will stare what, who has! Keep it! Smeakly fake Muzhichonko! What kind of people do you need to be a person? I really do not know. (Referring to the people). Yes, you, damned, at least in the sin introduce! I didn't want to get angry now, and he, as noticeable, angry. To fail! (Angrily). Ceased that? 1st. It seems that has ceased. D and k about th. It seems! And you, fool, go and look. And then - it seems! 1st (coming out from under the archives). Stopped! Phenomenon third Varvara and then Boris. In a r in a r a. It seems he! B O P and C (passes in the depths of the scene). SS-SS! B O R and C (looking around). Look here. (Manitis with hand.) B o p and c (included). What do we have to do with Katerina? Tell me mercy! B o p and s. What? In a r in a r a. The trouble is, and only. Husband arrived, do you know it? And they did not wait for him, and he arrived. B o p and s. No, I did not know. In a r in a r a. She just didn't have his own! B o p and s. Seen, only I lived a dozen days, while! He was absent. Now you will not see her! A.N. Ostrovsky, "Thunderstorm."
When performing tasks B1-B7, write down your answer in the answer form No. 1 to the right of the number of the corresponding task, starting with the first cell. The answer must be given as a word or a combination of words. Each letter is written in a separate cell parallers. Words write without spaces, punctuation signs and quotes.
B1.	What is the genre of the work from which a fragment is taken?
	Answer:
B2.	What class shown by Ostrovsky is a wilderness?
	Answer:
Vz	Set the correspondence between the three characters that appear (referred to) in this fragment, and inherent in the qualities of the personality. To each position of the first column, select the appropriate position from the second column.
	Answer:
B4.	Set the correspondence between the three main characters that appear in this fragment, and their further fate. To each position of the first column, select the appropriate position from the second column.
	Answer:
	&

" The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work is the conflict of this girl with the "Dark Kingdom", the kingdom of self-rigging, despot and ignorance. To find out why this conflict arose and why the end of the drama is so tragic, you can, looking into the soul of Katerina, realizing her ideas about life. And it is possible to do, thanks to the skill of the playwright is Ostrovsky. From the words of Katerina, we learn about her childhood and adolescence. The girl did not receive a good education. She lived with her mother in the village. Katerina's childhood was joyful, cloudless. Mother in her "Souls did not chayal," did not force to work on the housework.

Katya lived freely: I got up early, washed away with spring water, crawled flowers, went with my mother to church, then sat for any job and listened to the strangers and mantis mantis, which was a lot in their house. Katerina dreamed of magic dreams in which she flew under the clouds. And how much contrasts with such a quiet, happy life of a six-year-old girl, when Katya, offended by something, ran away from the house on the Volga in the evening, got into the boat and pushed out of the coast! ... We see that Katerina grew a happy, romantic, but limited to the girl. She was very devout and passionately loving. She loved everything around themselves: nature, sun, church, their home with the wanders, the poor, which she helped. But the most important thing in Kate is that she lived in his dreams, apart from the rest of the world. Of all the existing, she chose only what did not contradict her nature, the rest she did not want to notice and did not notice. Therefore, I saw the girl of the angels in the sky, and there was a church for her not oppressive and gone by force, but the place where everything is light, where you can dream. It can be said that Katerina was naive and kind, brought up in a very religious spirit. But if she met on its path what contradicted her ideals, he turned into a recalcitrant and stubborn nature and defended himself from that outsiders, someone else's, which boldly disturb her soul. So it was in the case of a boat. After marriage, Kati has changed a lot. Of the free, joyful, sublime world, in which she felt his merger with nature, the girl fell into life, complete deception, cruelty and omitting.

The point is not even that Katerina came out for Tikhon not in his will: she didn't love anyone at all and she was still for whom to leave. The fact is that the girl took her former life she created for himself. Katerina no longer feels such a delight from the visit of the Church, she can not do their usual things. Sad, disturbing thoughts do not give her calmly admire nature. Kate stays tolerate, while waiting, and dream, but she can no longer live with their thoughts, because the cruel reality returns it to the ground, where the humiliation and suffering. Katerina is trying to find his happiness in love for Tikhon: "I will love my husband. Tisch, my dove, I will not exchange you anymore. " But sincere manifestations of this love are hampered by Kabanchi: "What you hang on the neck, shamelessness with the lover is forgiven." In Katerina, a very feeling of external humility and debt, so she makes himself love to love the unloved her husband. Tikhon and himself because of his mother's self-smuggling can not love his wife truly, although, probably, and wants. And when he, leaving for a while, leaves Katya to ride into vaga, the girl (already a woman) becomes completely lonely. Why Katerina loved Borisoven, he did not exhibit his male qualities as the Parats, did not even talk to her. Probably the reason is that she lacked something clean in the stuffy atmosphere of the house of Kabanih. And the love of Boris was this clean, did not give Katerina to finally burn, somehow supported her. She went on a date with Boris because he felt like a person who had pride, elementary rights. It was a riot against submission to fate, against the cure. Katerina knew that she would make sin, but she knew that she was still impossible to continue to live.

She brought the cleanliness of his sacrifice free and Boris. In my opinion, going to this step, Katya already felt the approaching end and, probably, thought: "Now or never." She wanted to make love, knowing that there would be no other case. On the first date, Katerina told Boris: "You ruined me." Boris - the reason for the defamation of her soul, and for Kati it is equivalent to death. Sin hangs on her heart with a grave stone. Katerina is terribly afraid of the impending thunderstorm, considering her punishment for the perfect. Katerina was afraid of thunderstorms since he began to think about Boris. For her pure soul, even the thought of love for an outside person is sin. Katya can not live on with his sin, and the only way at least partially get rid of him to get rid of she considers repentance she admits in all her husband and boa. Such an act in our time seems very strange, naive. "I don't know how to deceive something; I can't hide nothing. "Such is Katerina. Tikhon forgave his wife, but she forgave himself self-well very religious. Katya is afraid of God, and her God lives in her, God is her conscience. The girl is tormented by two questions: how she will return home and will look into the eyes of her husband, which changed, and how she will live with a stain on their conscience.

The only way out of this situation, Katerina sees death: "No, I have something home, that in the grave is still ... in the grave it is better ... I live again, no, no need ... Not good" persecuted with your sin, Katerina leaves life to save his soul . Detected the character of Katerina as "decisive, solid, Russian." Decisive, because she decided on the last step, to death for the sake of saving himself from shame and remorse. One piece, because in the nature of Kati everything is harmonious, one, nothing contradicts each other, because Katya is one with nature, with God. Russian, because who, like either a Russian person, is able to love so much, is able to sacrifice it so much, so it seems to submore all the deprivation, remaining with it myself, free, not a slave.

The play is based on a conflict of a separate personality and the surrounding society (Katerina and the "Dark Kingdom").

The action "Thunderstorms" unfolds on the banks of the Volga, in an old city, where, as it seems, it does not change anything and cannot change, and it is in the conservative patriarchal family of this city is Ostrovsky sees the manifestations of an incompicuous renewal of life, her selfless-rebar start. The conflict "flashes" between two opposite characters, human natures. Two opposite forces are embodied in the young merchant wife Katerina Kabanova and in her mother-in-law - Marfe Kabanova. Kabaniha is a convinced and principled keeper of the old days, once forever found and established norms and rules of life. Katerina - ever-seeking, going to a brave risk for the sake of the living needs of his soul, creative nature.

In his article "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom", Dobrolyubov wrote about the play: "" Thunderstorm "represents the idyll of the" Dark Kingdom "... the mutual relations of Samoram and Finelessness are communicated to the most tragic consequences ..."

Kabaniha does not recognize the legality of individual differences in the people and diversity of the life of peoples. All the difference between the life of other places from the life of the city of Kalina, testifies to "infidelity": people who live like Kalinovtsy should have pestions of the head. The center of the Universe is a pious city of Kalinov, the center of this city is the house of Kabanov, - this characterizes the world in favor of the harsh hostess. Any change is represented by the bubble of the beginning of sin.

Throughout the action of the play, Katerina accompanies the motive of flight, fast ride. She wants to fly like a bird, and she is dreaming about flight, she tried to float along the Volga, and in dreams he sees himself rushing on the top three. And to Tikhon, and to Boris, she addresses to take her with him, take away. However, this movement has one feature - the absence of an accurately designated goal.

The "dispute" of Katerina and Kabani accompanies accompanied by the dispute of Kuligin and Wild, the drama of the slave position in the world of calculation here is accompanied by the image of the tragedy of the mind in the "Dark Kingdom", the tragedy of the crop of beauty and poetry - the tragedy of the enslavement of science by wild "patrons".

"Thunderstorm" is customary to be called drama, not the tragedy, despite the death of Katerina. The play here is also comedy traditions in the satirical image of merges of merchants.

Ostrovsky introduces a landscape, protruding not only by the background, but also by the embodiment of the element opposing the "Dark Kingdom" (scenes on the Volga, the death of Katerina).

When creating images of Katerina, Kuligina and Kudryash, the author uses folklore traditions. The speech of the characters is filled with spacious. Ostrovsky introduces the symbols that in the text carry a semantic load: a thunderstorm - contradictions in the soul of Katerina; Rolling robes - symbol of enlightenment, etc.

"Dark Kingdom" and his victim

Dobrolyubov so speaks about the inhabitants of the city of Kalinova: "Their life flows smoothly and peacefully, no interests of the world are disturbed, because they do not reach them; Kingdoms can collapse, new countries to open, the face of the Earth ... Change ... - The inhabitants of Kalinov's town will continue to exist in a complete ignorance about the rest of the world ... The concepts taken by them and lifestyle * - the best in the world, everything is happening from unclean power ... find An awkward and even bold persistently gains reasonable reason ... The information reported by the fecles, such that they are not able to inspire a lot of wishes to exchange their lives on a different ... Dark mass, terrible in their naivety and sincerity. "

The wanderers in the play are important, since they characterize the stabbing of the people. "They themselves did not go to the glimpse of them, but heard a lot of heard": about sins, six or twelve embarrassing enemies, about distant countries, where the states of the Earth rule, about people with leaky heads, about the endless bustle in Moscow, where the days of the last "," Fiery Zmie ", etc.

In the play, self-directions are wild and Kabanov, who gave such an assessment: "The absence of any law, all the logic is the law and the logic of this life ... The self-director of Russian life begin, however, to feel some kind of discontent and fear, not knowing before And why ... besides them, not asked them, another life has grown ... It's hard to breathe old kabanov, feeling that there is power above them, which they cannot overcome, to which they do not know how ... Wild and Kabanov, meeting themselves a contradiction and not Being able to defeat him, but wanting to put on your own, directly declare themselves against logic, that is, put themselves with fools before the majority of people. "

Kabaniha requires a non-sacter-taikhon, which does not perceive as an independent person, obedience and respect for himself, scolding him. For this reason, he cannot form an independent relationship with Katerina, which Kabaniha hates unconscious hatred.

Wild Dobrolyubs characterizes as follows: "It seems to him that if he recognizes the laws of common sense, in common to all people, then his importance will suffer greatly from this ... He realizes that he is ridiculous ... habit to fool it so strong that he obeys her even Contrary to the voice of his own common sense. "

At first glance, Barbara and Kudryash oppose the "dark kingdom", but in fact they are associated with him internally. They go only because they could not adapt to it.

Kuligin opposes ignorance of the "Dark Kingdom" and is a carrier of the ideas of enlightenment. He is passively watching, although it really wants to benefit society, trying to change something in it. His abilities in the conditions of the "Dark Kingdom" cannot be developed, since its dependence on it is too large.

Dobrolyubov about Tikhon: "Simple and dulcious, not at all angry, but to the extremes are inactive ... Of the many of those pitiful types, which are usually called harmless, although they are also harmful in general, as they themselves, because they serve them Faithful assistants ... There can be no strong feeling in it, can't develop any decisive desire. "

Dobrolyubov speaks of Boris: "Not a hero ... He had enough education and will not cope with any old life, nor with his heart, nor with common sense - walks exactly lost ... One of those people who do not know how to understand what they understand and Do not understand what they do. "

Boris understands that he will remain without inheritance, but despite this, the breaking of relationships with wild will never be decided, since there is no inner strength ("Eh, kaba strength!").

Dobrolyubov about Katerina: "Katerina did not kill human nature ... a Russian strong character ... I am striking us with your opposite of all kinds of commendments ... character ... Creating, loving, perfect ... Every external dissonance she tries to smooth ... Any deficiency covers from the completeness of their inner forces ... she Strange, crazy from the point of view of others, but this is because she cannot accept their views and inclinations in any way ... She rushes to a new life, at least she had to die in this impulse ... Mature, from the depths of the whole body the right of law and ^ Purchase of life ... In the dry monotonous life of your youth, in coarse and superstitious concepts of the environment, she constantly knew how to take what he agreed with her natural aspirations to beauty, harmony, satisfaction, happiness ... All ideas inspired by her since childhood, all the principles of surrounding The mediums will revolve against its natural aspirations and actions. All against Katerina, even her own concepts about good and evil. "

Katerina is fighting himself with him and in the end, internally justifies himself. In it, with a special force, the need to love and be beloved is felt; offended feelings of his wife and woman in the house of the mother-in-law; Mortal longing caused by monotony and monotony of her life; Wire will.

The author, creating the image of Katerina, turns to folk tradition (motifs of folk songs; appeals to the "friend Mile", to "buoy winds"; the image of the "Mogyanki"), thereby emphasizing her belonging to the people.