Henry. Biography O.
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O. Genry is a famous American writer. Years of his life 1862-1910. He was born and lived in America, replaced many professions, traveled, sat in prison. Won popularity with its short stories with an unexpected end. Self famous stories O. Henry: "Gifts of Volkhvov "( The Gift of the Magi), "Last page" ( THE LAST LEAF.), "Appeal by Jimmy Valentine" ( A Retrieved reformation). I really like not so famous, but a very touching story. You can read a little later, and now let's get acquainted with this writer in more detail. Here biography O. Henry (in Russian).
O.Henry. Biography (in Russian)
"And the hands of fate jerks for the rope ...."
O.Henry
Part 1. Childhood
William Porter was born on September 11, 1862 in the town of Greensboro in America (North Carolina state).
William's childhood was unhappy. When he was only 3 years old, and his brother Shell is 5 years old, his mother died from tuberculosis. William did not remember her at all. However, he inherited from her love for literature and art and a special harsh humor. Something was from the Father, Algens Cindy, a good and scattered eccentric, who after the death of his wife began to drink. And transferring children to raising aunt, William's father settled in a barn over the house, where he spent the time, inventing the eternal engine and an aircraft.
Lina's aunt (Evelina) was a typical American and could not stand algeren because of his fantasies.
But after the death of the mother, she, "Miss Lina,", took up the upbringing of William and Shell. She organized her own school where about 40 children studied. Classes were held in the porter's living room.
The school was "home - family", so on Fridays there were treatments and told stories in a circle, and in the summer excursions to the forest, on the river ... William was held in her 9 years. And in 12 years, leaning for a thirst for adventure, ran away to the ocean with his friend. But the money was not enough and the boys returned home on the roof of the commercial wagon.
With peers, William converged badly, the relationship with the elder brother did not fit. The aunt was a Surov. Save books. From thirteen to nineteen years, William read V. Scott, Ch. Dickens, W. Tekckery, A. Duma, V. Hugo, M. Reed, and the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Websters, with whom several years did not part. 
In 1878, William comes to work on the pharmacy of his uncle Clark and after some time becomes a pharmacist. But the one-eyed everyday life of the young William has forced to seek hobbies. They were mainly reduced to the draws of acquaintances and caricature drawings. And in the same time William was a big master. However, Soon, William opened a strong cough (harbing mother tuberculosis). And when William was offered to go to Texas and work on the ranch he gladly agreed. Dry and hot climate of Texas, as it should not be suitable for treatment. In March 1882, William leaves Greensboro.
Part 2. Youth on the ranch in Texas
Texas is called wild West. William settled on a cowboy ranch. The livestock of sheep and Mustang reached several tens of thousands of heads. The duties at the porter were insignificant: he pass sheep, Coughly, sometimes went to the abandoned port. Overall right on the street under the trees. William caused universal sympathy, he played well on the guitar, funny told interesting stories. Porter began to study foreign languages. The time was as much as you like, and most importantly, there was a desire. So he perfectly mastered his Spanish. Slightly worse German and French. Here on the ranch, he began to draw again. Once upon him, the goldfield from Colorado came to Rancho, who wrote his memories. And Porter drew 40 illustrations to his records.
But soon the cases were shaken on the ranch, and in 1884 William moved to the capital of Texas, Tyn.
Part 3. Love and Creativity
William fell in love with Seventeen-year-old schoolgirl Estez, charming thin, dark-eyed with brown hair. She became his true love. They were very suitable for each other. Etol was also a creative person, she was fond of books, dancing, singing, music, theater. However, her parents were not delighted with this party. After all, Etol in the family, too, there were tuberculosis, and it could not influence the health of future children. In addition, William, although he was a pleasant and educated young man, but did not distinguish with viability.
However, on July 1, 1887, Etol and William secretly married. At first they lived with friends, but after some time the parents of Etol made up with this marriage and the young moved to their house.
By this time, William had already had a certain income. In January 1988, he settled in the state department of the draftsman. The work was carried away by him, he not only drew land plans, but also created a whole fresco on the theme of local employees. Soon he began writing a humorous, and one Detroit newspaper took it to publish them. Etol strongly supported William in his literary endeavors. But soon misfortunes began in the family: at first the newborn son died, then, after childbirth, Margaret Rose's daughter in 1889, heavily sick and ethta. William turned out to be a good father and husband. He did a lot with his daughter, read her fairy tales, told different stories, invented the games. Relations with his wife however become tense: it became a capricious, hysterical. But William suffered storm everything, he did not want to offend his wife.
In 1891, William has to look for a new service. According to acquaintance, it is arranged to the job as a cashier in the Osta National Bank. This step later turned out to be fatal. The bank work was not only a tedious, but also related to certain dangers. The fact is that the director had the habit of taking large amounts from the bank, often without putting a cashier informant.
Soon William, Etol and Margaret moved to a separate house. In 1894, Porter for $ 250 bought the right to the publication of the Iikkeoklast newspaper and typographic equipment and quickly turned the newspaper in the Rolling Stone weekly. 
Initially, things went well, but gradually interest in the weekly, the chief editor of which was William Porter himself (he placed his humories here, poems, painted cartoons), began to fall. In the bank, checks began, and Porter is forced to quit. In 1895, the weekly closed. Porters moved to Houston. In the summer of 1894, the auditors found a shortage of the bank. Case managed to lean. However, in 1896, Porter was under investigation. He was accused of embezzlement 5000 dollars. He was even arrested, but released on bail. From this point on, his life makes a sharp turn. It enters the period that can be called the time of adventure, suffering and solarms. 
Part 4. Arstanta
In July 1986, the Porter had to appear in court, but he did not go to Austin, but headed to New Orleans. There it was possible for some time to hide from justice, and most importantly quickly move to Central and South America. But Porter did not hurry abroad, his wife and daughter kept him. By a pseudonym, he got a job as a local reporter, a wife and daughter sent money under strangers. Fate leads him to Jennings brothers. One of them "borrowed" in the Texas bank of 30,000 dollars. They support Porter financially.
In January 1897, he still had to return to Austin. Etol has become worse. He knew what she threatens his return, but he came to his wife and daughter, who loved. Before the trial he was left on freedom. July 25, 1897 Etol died. The death of his beloved wife broke it, he became indifferent, what will happen next. And then the prison (Ohio state). The Osten Court sentenced him to five years of conclusion. The daughter of Margaret was hidden what happened to her father.
In the prison of Columbus, he again meets Ela Jennings. Porter makes a lot of good for him and not only because he is indebted to him. Help El, he could be because he worked in a prison pharmacy. This place gave him a special position: he lived at the hospital, he fed separately. And El sat in a single chamber and performed the hardest job.
Whether the porter was guilty in the embezzlement, no one knows. On the one hand, he could, using confusion with bank accounts, take money for the needs of the family. On the other hand, he could cover one of the directors who was obliged to many. Perhaps he would come to court, would be justified. But Porter complicated his life.
On July 25, 1901, Porter was released and the entire state subsidy (5 dollars) for the beginning of honest life, he gave to the tobacco to the tobacco.
Biography O. Henry. Part 5. At the top
Porter returned to Pittsburgh. While in prison, O. Genry sent his stories to different publications, but most often received a refusal. Now New York magazines turned out to be more benevolent. He began to print. But the real glory came when he began to cooperate in Sandy Warld. Already in 1904, he published 66 stories in this magazine. The contract provided for 52 stories of 100 dollars each. O. Genry avoided communicating with colleagues in the "writing" shop. He, like in his youth, led a bohemian lifestyle: visited the dancers, clubs. Saw a lot.
In the summer of 1905, he suddenly returns to his first love Sarah Colemen. In Greensboro, in the distant childhood, he stored flowers in the garden for her. Now Sarah 37 years old. She is a teacher. They got married on his birthday on September 11, 1907. But from O. Henry It was a step of despair. He was very lonely. He could not forget Etol, and with his daughter after leaving the prison of warm relationship did not work.
Relations did not have a new wife, although Margaret had nothing against stepmother. For some time they lived together in New York. However, the last year of the life of O. Henry lived one at the Caledonia Hotel. On July 3, 1910 he became bad, and he was taken to the hospital. Three days later, he died from diabetes and liver cirrhosis.
Bibliography: O. Henry. Collected Works. Volume 1. M: Ripol Classic, 2009.
O.Henry (Eng. O. Henry, real name William Sydney Porter, English. William Sydney Porter) - a recognized master of the American story. Its novels are characterized by thin humor and unexpected junction.
William Sydney Porter. Born on September 11, 1862 in Greensboro, North Carolina. Three years old, he lost his mother who was dead from tuberculosis. Later he fell under the custody of his aunt on his father. After school, he studied at the pharmacist, worked at the pharmacy from uncle. After three years, I left Texas, I tried different professions - I worked on the ranch, served in the land administration. Then she worked as a cashier and a bank account in the bank in the Texas city of Austin.
The first literary experiments relate to the beginning of the 1880s. In 1894, Porter begins to publish a humorous weekly Rolling Stone in Austin, almost entirely filling it with his own essays, jokes, verses and drawings. A year later, the magazine closed, at the same time Porter was dismissed from the bank and brought to the court due to the shortage, although she was reimbursed by his relatives.
After the accusation of the estate, he was hiding six months from law enforcement officers in Honduras, then in South America. Upon returning to the United States, the Columbus state of Ohio was convicted and was imprisoned, where he spent three years (1898-1901).
In prison, Porter worked in Lazarut and wrote stories, looking for a pseudonym. In the end, he opted for O. Henry (often incorrectly recorded like the Irish surname O'henry - O'Henry). The origin of it is not entirely clear. The writer himself argued in an interview that Henry's name was taken from a column of secular news in the newspaper, and the initial O. was chosen as the easiest letter. He reported one of the newspapers that O. decoded as Olivier (French name Olivier), and indeed, several stories he published there under the name Olivier Henry. According to other sources, this is the name of the famous French pharmacist Etienne Ocean Henry (Etienne Ocean Henry), whose medical directory was popular at the time. Another hypothesis put forward a writer and scientist Guy Davenport: "O. Henry "is nothing more than a reduction in the prison name, where the author was sitting - Ohio Penitentiary. The first story under this pseudonym is the "Christmas Gift Dick-Svistuna", printed in 1899 in the magazine Mak Bear (MC Clure's Magazine), - he wrote in prison.
The only novel O. Henry is "Kings and Cabbage" (Cabbages and Kings) - came out in 1904. The collections of the stories followed him: "Four million" (The Four Million, 1906), "Burning Lamp" (The Trimmed Lamp, 1907), "Heart of the West" (Heart Of The West, 1907), "Voice of the City" (The Voice Of the City, 1908), "Noble Zhokh" (The Gentle Graftter, 1908), "Ways of Fate" (Roads of Destiny, 1909), "Favorites" (Options, 1909), "Accurate Cause" (Strictly Business, 1910) And "Konovitsa" (Whirligs, 1910).
At the end of the life of O. Henry suffered from cirrhosis of the liver and diabetes. The writer died on June 5, 1910 in New York.
The PostScripts collection, published after the death of O. Henry, published after the death of O. Henry, included Faken, sketches and humorous notes written by him for the newspaper "Mail" (Houston, Texas, 1895-1896). Total O. Henry written 273 stories, the complete collection of its works is 18 volumes.
September 11, 2012 marks 150 years since the birth of the American writer O. Genry.
Proser, journalist, master of the "short story" O. Genry (O. Henry), the real name of William Sydney Porter (William Sydney Porter), was born on September 11, 1862 in Greensboro, North Carolina (USA).
William's father was a doctor. At the age of three years, the child lost his mother and raised his aunt Evelyna Porter, headed a private school for girls, where he received primary education.
In 1879-1881, William worked at the pharmacy of his uncle, but because of health problems, he moved to the ranch in Texas. There he met Atoll Estes, who became his wife in 1887.
In 1882, William Porter moved to the city of Austin, where she worked as a pharmacist, bank employees and a correspondent.
The first literary experiments of Porter belong to the beginning of the 1880s. In 1894, William Porter began to publish in Austin a weekly humorous magazine "Rolling Stone", almost completely filling it with his own essays, verses and drawings. A year later, the magazine closed, Porter moved with his family to Houston, where he began to work as a columnist, a reporter and, part-time, caricaturist in a local newspaper.
The audit audit in the bank, where William Porter had previously worked, he found a shortage, he was accused of an estimate and had to appear before the court.
The son-in-law of Porter made a deposit to free him from the court, but in 1896 William fled from prison and through New Orleans reached Honduras.
In February 1897, having learned about the death of his wife, he returned to Austin, where he was immediately arrested. The court postponed the death of Atoll Estes (July 25, 1897), after which Porter was sentenced to five years with a content in the Federal Prison Columbus, Ohio (from April 25, 1898).
In prison, William Porter worked in Lazarut, he was given a separate room where he had the opportunity to write stories.
For the first two years of the prison term in the magazines of New York, there were 14 of his stories published under various pseudonyms (Oliver Henry, S.H. Peters, James L. Bliss, T.B. Dowd, Howard Clark). The writer wrote in prison and his first story under the pseudonym O. Genry - "Christmas Gift Dick Svistun", printed in 1899 in the McClure magazine (McClure's Magazine).
There are several versions of the origin of the pseudonym O. Genry.
According to one of them, Henry's name was taken from the column of secular news in the newspaper, and the initial "O" is chosen by the writer "as the easiest letter". According to another version, the pseudonym was formed on behalf of French Pharmacist Etienne Ocean Henry, whose medical directory was popular at that time.
In the spring of 1902, O. Genry moved to New York.
At the end of 1903, he signed a contract with the New York publication World for the weekly surrender of a short Sunday story - $ 100 for the story, the annual earnings of the writer was equal to the income of popular American novelists.
O. Henry worked at a high pace, at the same time wrote stories and for other periodicals. Despite this, according to the writer himself, he did not know how to manage money and had a lot of debts.
In 1904, the first collection of O. Genry "Kings and Cabbage" (Cabbages and Kings) was released - the cycle of the new story of the novel. Behind him followed the collections of the stories: "Four million" (The Four Million, 1906), "Burning Lamp" (The Trimmed Lamp, 1907), "Heart of the West" (Heart Of The West, 1907), "Voice of the City" (The Voice Of The City, 1908), "Noble Zhokh" (The Gentle Graftter, 1908), "Paths of Fate" (Roads of Destiny, 1909), "Favorites" (Options, 1909), "Accurate Cause" (Strictly Business, 1910) and "Konovkov" (Whirligs, 1910).
In 1907, the writer married Sarah Lindsay Colman and moved with his daughter to his wife to Ashville, North Carolina. However, in 1909, they broke up.
The writer sought to solitude, avoided secular techniques, did not give an interview.
The last weeks of the life of O. Genry spent alone in the New York hotel room. He hurt himself, saw a lot and could not work.
O. Genry is a recognized master of the "short story" genre, they are written more than 300 stories, the total collection of works is 18 volumes. Heroes O. Genry - Millionaires, Cowboys, Speculants, Clerks, Bachers, Bandits, Financiers, Politicians, Writers, Artists, Artists, Workers, Engineers, Firefighters and others. For the story of the writer, a subtle humor and an unexpected plot of the plot are characteristic.
In 1918, the annual story was established in honor of the writer (O.Henry Award), which is awarded to American and Canadian authors. Stories are published in the O.Henry Prize Stories collection. The winners in different years became Truman Hadote, William Falkner, Flannery O'Connor, John Appandayk, Woody Allen, Stephen King and others.
According to the stories of O. Genry, several films were shot, among which the Soviet picture "Great Committee" (1933), the American film "Leader's Redheads and others ..." (O.Henry "s Full House, 1952), as well as the trilogy of the director Leonid Gaiday" Business people "(1963), which included short films" Roads, which we choose, "" related souls "," Leader of Redheads ".
O. Henry (real name - William Sydney Porter; 1862-1910) - American Writer, Novelist.
Main works:
- "Kings and cabbage" (1904).
- "Burning lamp" (1907).
- "West Heart" (1907).
- "Voice of the city" (1907).
- "Noble Jolong" (1908).
- "Ways of Fate" (1909).
- "To choose from" (1909).
O. Henry: Brief biography
William Sydney Porter was born in Greensboro (North Carolina state). From fifteen years I was forced to work as an assistant pharmacist, twenty - went to Texas in the hope of a better life.
First, he lived and worked for a ranch, then he served as a cashier in a land bank, where he was accused of embezzlement (Until now, researchers argue whether the future writer is really to blame). To escape from punishment, Porter crosses the border, comes to Mexico, but receives a telegram about the serious state of his wife's health and returns home. He still managed to say goodbye to his beloved wife. After her funeral, Porter was planted for five years, and three years later, for exemplary behavior was released.
It is thanks to the conclusion that Biography O. Henry went on the creative way. To take himself in prison, he began to write, and first his work read criminals, neighbors around the chamber. For the pseudonym O. Henry, he found in the pharmacy directory and chose him for life.
"I take a pseudonym," said the writer, "so that the readers perceive not me, and my soul."
From 1903 O. Henry works very intensively, writes 60-70 stories per year. Mad pace of work exhausted writer. He began to root and at the forty-eighth year of life, his biography came to an end - in 1910 he dies.
Works O. Henry.
O. Henry remains one of the most read writers of the world for readers of many generations.
He is called "King Novels". The literary heritage of the creative biography of the writer O. Henry is large:
- more than 280 novel;
- novel;
- humoring;
- sketches (short improvisation).
Heroes of his novel - ordinary people:
- clerks;
- sellers;
- poor artists;
- farmers;
- small adventurers;
- fraudsters and similar personality.
For O. Henry and his heroes, everyday life, full of household hassle; Ordinary human relations that are built on the basis of moral values.
O. Henry - Master of Acrementary Novel with increasing tension and unexpected junction. The best style of the writer represents his story "The Last Safety", in which sad and tragic with brighter hopes for happiness are organically intertwined.
T. eMA works refers to the so-called "eternal themes", biblical - about the duties of a person "Create good for the neighbor". For the sake of recovery of a sick girl Jones, the old artist Berman creates a masterpiece - draws on the wall of the house the last leaf of Ivy and thus psychologically supports the patient, gives hope for recovery, but dies himself.
Other biographies.
| O.Henry | |
| William Sydney Porter. | |
| Birth name: |
William Sydney Porter |
|---|---|
| Pseudonyms: | |
| Date of Birth: | |
| Date of death: | |
| Occupation: |
american writer, prosaik-novelist |
| Years of creativity: | |
| Direction: | |
| Genre: |
novels with subtle humor and unexpected junctions |
| Debut: |
"Christmas Dick Sweetheart", |
| in Wikitite. | |
The first literary experiments relate to the beginning of the 1880s. In 1894, Porter begins to publish a humorous weekly Rolling Stone in Austin, almost entirely filling it with his own essays, jokes, verses and drawings. A year later, the magazine closed, at the same time the porter was dismissed from the bank and was brought to the court due to the shortage, although she was reimbursed by his relatives.
After the accusation in the waste, he was hiding from law enforcement officers in Honduras, then in South America. Upon returning to the United States, the Columbus state of Ohio was convicted and was imprisoned, where he spent three years (-).
In prison, Porter worked in Lazarut and wrote stories, looking for a pseudonym. In the end, he opted for O. Henry (often incorrectly recorded like the Irish surname O'henry - O'Henry). The origin of it is not entirely clear. The writer himself argued in an interview that Henry's name was taken from a column of secular news in the newspaper, and the initial O. was chosen as the easiest letter. He reported one of the newspapers that O. decoded as Olivier (French name Olivier), and indeed, several stories he published there under the name Olivier Henry. According to other sources, this is the name of the famous French pharmacist Etienne Ocean Henry (Etienne Ocean Henry), whose medical directory was popular at the time. Another hypothesis put forward a writer and scientist Guy Davenport: "O. Henry "nothing but a reduction in the name of the prison, where the author sat - Oh.io Penit. entIA rY. The first story under this pseudonym - "Christmas Dick-Svistuna Christmas Gift", printed in "magazine Poppy Klura" (MC Clure's Magazine), - He wrote in prison.
The only novel O. Henry is "Kings and Cabbage" (Cabbages and Kings) - came out. It followed the collections of the stories: "Four million" (The Four Million,), "Burning Lamp" (The Trimmed Lamp,), "Heart of the West" (Heart of the West, "The Voice of the City" (The Voice of the City ,), "The Gentle Graftter" (The Gentle Graftter,), "Ways of Fate" (Roads of Destiny,), "Favorites" (Options,), "Accurate Causes" (Strictly Business,) and "Becoming" (Whirligigs,) .
"From her smile, thistle could bloom in December"
"The fact that sometimes a woman and a man, barely looking at each other, are instantly falling in love. A risky thing, this love at first sight, when she had not yet seen his checkbook, and he had not yet seen her in Papilot. Nevertheless, in life it happens. "
"Have you ever been my friend, and it prevents me from telling you with all the frankness that if I had to choose between your society and a society by the Kudatta, Kuccichoy Pornozh, then one of the inhabitants of this hibark would have wiely the tail" ("Handbook Gimenta ")
"Right, fate and time played with him a bad piece" (October and June)
Shielding
- - Soviet director Lion Kuleshov took off the film "The Great Comforter", which was based on the facts from the biography of O. Henry, as well as his two novels.
- - According to the stories of O. Henry, the American film "Leader of Redheads and others ..." with Marilyn Monroe in a small role (Namella "Pharaoh and Choral").
- - Soviet director Leonid Gaidai removed the trilogy of "Business People", which included short films "Roads, which we choose", "related souls", "Leader of Redheads".