All you need to know about life on board the ISS. Space Station: How Cosmonauts live

Today, Russia celebrates the Day of Cosmonautics. Exactly 55 years ago, April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person who flew into space, reports the correspondent "Mir 24" Olga Klimkina.

Since then, many Russian astronauts, passing a strict selection, were able to go to the ISS. Since the first space flight of a person, the cosmonauts have learned not only to live in conditions of weightlessness, but also to have fun. According to experts, the station will work for several more years.

Wash your head, brew tea or meet the New Year. In space, these simple and familiar actions are transformed into a real quest. The necessary items float straight out of the hands, and it is impossible to rinse the mouth after cleaning the teeth. Therefore, astronauts have to get out.

This is a cosmic bathroom. A small compartment in which is washed, and the shower is taken, and the head wash, what to do, especially women, is not easy. If this can be called that, because water in weightlessness is scattered throughout the station.

"I start with the fact that I take water to wet the roots of the hair," explained to journalists.

Then you need to add shampoo and comb your hair. Rinse will not work, so the head is simply wiping with a dry towel, and if I wanted to drink, you will have to hear. Not so long ago, a coffee machine appeared at the station. And with her special cups. They look like ordinary plastic bags, but they can be used in weightlessness.

"That's exactly the same way we drank coffee. You know, this is unpredictable such pleasure - drink in space from the cup, "explained the cosmonaut.

But in weightlessness there are also its advantages. For example, it is much more convenient to clean. Each weekend at the Station Sanitary Day. Get the vacuum cleaner. Yes, not simple, but space, designed specifically for work on the ISS.

"Like on Earth, here dust is a lot of dust accumulates everywhere, which must be vacuuming," the cosmonaut explained Sergey Volkov.

Vacuines and filters, walls, and ceiling, and floor. In weightlessness can be reached to any point of the station. But with dinner, of course, more complicated. Cargo ship brings food reserves. Space too. All dishes are dehydrated and packed in special packages.

"Here is a special block of distribution and heating of water, which we affectionately call" our chairs ". With it, we can make such a sublimated food. Now I have in my hands with a puree vegetable soup, "Elena Serov explained to the astronaut.

It looks not very appetizing, but astronauts assure: lunch is quite edible. Moreover, there is no choice. They will see usual food only after landing. It remains only to wait for gifts from the bottom. Especially New Year.

"Here and the recently approached truck came fresh fruits, oranges, tangerines," they told reporters.

And the artificial Christmas trees and garlands. So the next expedition to the ISS met 2016. But even in weightlessness, astronauts are trying to observe earthly traditions.

"As the whole country, we look at this wonderful film," the astronauts said, meaning "Irony of Fate, or with a light steam!"

And if the earthlings were resting for the first two weeks of the new year, the astronauts worked. There is no weekend at work on the ISS. So, for example, it looks, the heart of the Russian station segment.

However, astronauts spend so much time at the station that they themselves come up with entertainment. Fortunately, no gravity gives many opportunities. For example, you can try yourself in circus art. Juggle in weightlessness is quite simple, you can even double-butt. Yes, and on the rope you can walk.

You can still play football, for example. Or play colleagues. The news about the gorilla attack on the astronaut flew around the whole world a few months ago. Later it turned out that the American Scott Kelly just joked, dressed in an animal costume and hidden in the box.

And last: right in the porthole open space, and, according to people who visited the ISS, to watch him never bother.

June 30, 2015, 13:42

People living at the stations are directly dependent on people on earth, since it is from the Earth to the ISS that new spare parts for the station repair, various experimental equipment, oxygen, food and personal hygiene products are delivered. It should be noted that these means of hygiene and packaging, which contains food, differ from those that we are used to use. Shampoo and soap, for example, very independent products and do not require watering with water, as we are taken at home, and the food, in turn, is very often stored in the form of dehydrated powder. If you want to know about how people live and work on the ISS, what graphics follow and what they do there at all, then this article is definitely for you.


What is the ISS and when people began to live on it?
The International Space Station is an inhabitable orbital satellite, located at an altitude of 354 kilometers and makes a complete turn around our planet every 90 minutes, as a result of which the ISS crew is witnessing 16 visits and sunrises. Such a large-scale project, as an ISS, is not conducted by a single country. Russia (Roscosmos Agency), USA (NASA), Japan (JAXA), Several European countries (ESA), and Canada (CSA) are participating in it. In other words, the ISS was built through the cooperation of all these countries. Each of the space agencies of these countries regularly sends astronauts (or cosmonauts, if we talk about Russia) to an expedition to the ISS, the time of which can be up to six months. The first such expedition occurred on October 31, 2000. At the same time, up to ten people can live at the station. The minimum number of crew members can be two or three people.

How do astronauts and astronauts get to the ISS and return back?

You probably wonder: How do the rest of the countries get to the ISS? So, the main means of delivering cargoes and new crew members to the station since 2003 were Russian Soyums and Progress. American astronauts without a working program of space shuttles also have to use the services of the Russian side. The United States actually hires "unions" and "progress", and at the same time the cost of a place for one person costs the American side of about 71 million dollars. According to the American astronaut Ron Garan, who lived at the ISS in 2011, the Soyuz Space Agency is so cracked that the launch of the ship is felt almost every fiber body. The process of returning the apparatus to the atmosphere of the planet of the planet, the Gars compared with the "Falling of a person from Niagara Falls inside the barrel (which is also burning), ending with a very tight fit." And yet, any amenities are none, but there is: instead of several days, as it was before, astronauts and astronauts returning to Earth, it is now necessary to use in the close walls of the "Union" throughout the six hours of flight.
It is not clear how the current differences between the Russian Space Agency and the US Space Agency will influence future missions associated with the ISS, but by the United States intensified private companies, the leading development of manned spacecraft and promising to start their launch by 2017. Fortunately, on board the ISS itself between members of the crew no political disagreement. How the American astronaut Cadi Coleman shared in an interview with the ENGADET portal, the crew is trying to not affect political issues, and instead people try to find common interests among themselves.

Which routine of the day at the crew members of the ISS?

In an interview with Coleman (if you remember, the astronaut who advised Sandra Bullock about what it is - to be in space ... directly from the space) told how one of her ordinary days of stay at the ISS took place:

7:00 am - lift

7:10 in the morning - conference

7:30 - 8:00 - breakfast and preparation for work

8:00 - 12:00 - carrying out planned experiments (setting, execution, completion of experiments)

12:00 - 12:30 - Lunch

12:30 - 18:00 - carrying out experiments

18:00 - 19:30 - dinner, watching recorded and sent early news from the earth

19:30 - midnight - cleaning and familiarization with the work plan the next day; Time when you can communicate with relatives on Earth, as well as once again to find out the fantastic form of our planet from the station portholes

In some day, every 5-6 days a week - holding a two-hour exercise of physical exertion (30 minutes on the treadmill and 70 minutes of strength exercises)

Friday - Cosmonauts and astronauts work on their personal projects and watch movies together

When crew members are not engaged in scientific experiments, they perform the repair work of the station or prepare for work outside the spacecraft.

What experiments and repair work are conducted on the ISS?

Since 2000, a wide variety of scientific experiments have been held at the ISS for various government agencies, private companies, educational institutions. Experiments vary from growing some zucchini before observing the behavior of the ant colony. One of the latest experiments, for example, is a 3D printing in the conditions of weightlessness and testing robot-humanoid robonaut, which in the future, it is possible to help the crews of the station in work. On the question of what experiment, according to Coleman, is the most interesting, she replied: "The crew members themselves." Calling himself "the walking and speaking experiment of osteoporosis", Coleman noted that a person in space about 10 times faster loses weight and density of his bones, compared with a 70-year-old man on Earth. Therefore, the study and analysis of blood and urine samples in micrographs "helps it best to understand the mechanism of loss and restoration of the mass of bones."
In addition to the scientific research tasks, members of the ISS crew are responsible for the correct operation of all station systems. In the end, if something goes wrong, the life of the whole living on board will threaten the danger. Sometimes it even has to go outside to fix some broken item or just clear the cosmic garbage accumulated next to the station, which can definitely harm. In this case, the crew members put on their savages and go into open space. By the way, one of the most memorable outputs in open space was the case with American astronaut Sunita Williams, which used a conventional toothbrush to fix the solar station supply system.
Since the exit to open space is always limited, the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) decided to attach to the retractable mobile serving system of Canadarm2 two-robot-assistant "Dext". The multifunctional system is used for different tasks, including additional assembly of the station, and catching unmanned spacecraft, heading to the ISS, such as the "Dragon" module of Spacex, which has different supplies to the station. Robot "Dextr" remotely control from the ground. From there, it is managed by the repair work of the station in order not to disturb its crew once again. This year "Dext" even engaged in the repair of the Canadarm2 system itself.

How does the ISS crew keep clean and use the toilet?

Hair, slices of nails or water bubbles - not the best friends dear station equipment. Add microgravitation here - and when negligence can be waiting for trouble. That is why crew members are very and very careful when it comes to their own hygiene. Famous Canadian Astronaut Chris Headfield (who became a real media star in 2013) once even said that security reaches such a level that the crew members have to swallow toothpaste after they make teeth. Hadfield is widely known thanks to his videos on YouTube, where he talks about life at the station and shows how people wash their hands on it (special soaps), shave (while using a special gel), haughty (when using a kind of vacuum cleaner), as well Stream nails (and at the same time they catch a piece of one's own flesh in such a case). In turn, Coleman says that crew members use a special shampoo, but during the stay at the station she could not take a shower, although it is possible to name the shower only with a large stretch. The fact is that to wash out, the residents of the station use only a wet sponge, and not a whole set that can be found on Earth.

As for the toilets, it is certainly impossible to use conventional toilets to the ISS, which we are used to enjoying on Earth. Space toilets use a sanitation system for collecting human waste, which is then stored in special bags inside aluminum containers until fully completed. Each such a filled container is then reset to the atmosphere, where it is completely burning. Tracy Caldwell Dyson (flying at the ISS in 2010) told Huffington Post's publishing house, that despite the fact that the toilet was not originally developed with the way that they would use the woman (his development was conducted by the Russian Space Agency, which until recently sent to ISS only men), she still was able to use it.
As for the urine, how Headfield says, Urin is sent straight into the filtering system, where clean water is obtained at the output, which residents of the station are reused for drinking, as well as the rehydration of their food.

Food, Entertainment and Internet

Food on the ISS is usually stored in special vacuum packages that are very easy to use. The station team receives a different diet, ranging from the main dishes and ending with desserts. Some of these products are packed in finished form, some require rehydration before use (for example, spinach in powder or ice cream). After a delicacy, the crew members need to get rid of these open packages to avoid hitting pieces of food on expensive equipment. A very interesting item is that some expeditions on the ISS are completely prohibited by the use of some products at the station, such as Soup Gambo (American dish) or cupcakes (as well as other crumbly products), since after their use the station has to be constantly cleaning from crumbs.
In access, residents of the station have several funds for their own entertainment: cinema, TV programs, books and music, for example. However, for Garan and many other people who lived at the ISS, nothing can be compared for interest with photographing and bringing our planet from afar. That is why, when requesting in Google "Photos from the ISS", you will find a huge number of all kinds of pictures. Well, if you consider how many pictures from the ISS can be found on the network, it becomes definitely understandable that the residents have access to the Internet. According to Astronaut Clayton Anderson, the network appeared on the ISS in 2010, but Coleman notes that the Internet was very slow and in 2011, when she arrived at the ISS. Communication of the residents of the station with a team on Earth, as well as members of their families, occurs with the help of voice or video chat on a channel with a frequency of 2-4 GHz, however, according to her, the Internet at that time was so slow that "no time at his time Use during its expedition. " Today, the maximum speed of the Internet on the ISS (not without the participation of a separate allocated NASA communication satellite) can reach up to 300 Mbps.

How does the station inhabitants watch their physical health?

Almost every new member of the ISS crew faces the so-called "cosmic disease" in the first days of his stay at the station. Symptoms of this disease are nausea and dizziness. Therefore, each "newcomer" is issued a vomit with an antibacterial cloth, which astronauts are used to clean the face and mouth from the residues of vomiting so that it does not spread around. Over time, the Body "Newbies" begin to acclimatize and they feel some changes in their physical condition. At the time of these changes, the human body becomes a little longer (the spine for the lack of attraction is completely spreading), and the person's face swells slightly, due to the fact that fluid in the body begins to strive to top.
Unfortunately, nausea and dizziness are not the only acclimatization factors. The newly arrived at the station, people often observe problems with vision, accompanied by flares and light strips in the eyes. Socked students of aerospace agencies are still trying to figure out the exact cause of this phenomenon, so they ask residents of the station to observe the state of their eyes and regularly send new information back to Earth. Some scientists nevertheless believe that this problem is associated with an increase in pressure inside the skull (fluid, as already written above, is in a state of microgravity begins to move upwards).
This problems do not end, but just begin. The fact is that the more you are in space, the more bone and muscular mass you lose due to the lack of gravity. Of course, swimming in space must be definitely fun, but being on board the ISS, you literally wear your body. Fortunately, residents of the station can fight these problems by frequent physical training for two hours a day, using special equipment: a cyergonometer (or simply exercise bike), a running track (with a lot of belts for fixing your body), as well as a special Advanced Resistive Exercise device Device (Ared), which uses a vacuum to simulate gravitational pressure and allows you to perform exercises to squats. Williams Astronaut Once even used this simulator to simulate swimming!

How are things with the maintenance of mental health?

Residents of the station generally sleep?

With such a dense work schedule with scientific data, carrying out numerous experiments, tracking the correct operation of all station systems, exercise and many others may seem that these people never sleep. However, it is not. Residents of the station are allowed to sleep even at the moment when they "float". Nevertheless, every member of the crew, like an ordinary person, requires some personal space, so most often people are sleeping in small "camorks" in vertically spaced beds that hold them at the time of rest. Sleep time can be up to eight and a half hours a day, but most residents of the station are completely poured a little more than six hours. The fact is that in the conditions of microgravity, your body is not so tired, as with normal gravity.

The same Chris Headfield, who in 2013 posted a Caver to David Bowie Space Oddity in Yutube. David Bowie in his blog admitted that this is the most amazing Caver.

Today, April 12, Cosmonautics Day celebrates in Russia. How do you imagine the life of the astronaut? Tubes, Spa and Lightness? We decided to see the life on board the spacecraft. So let's go!

clothing

Previously, the cosmonaut did not shoot the spacesuit throughout the flight. Now in everyday life he is in a shirt with shorts or jumpsuit. T-shirts in orbit six colors to choose depending on the mood. Instead of buttons - lightning and velcro: they will not break away. The more pockets, the better. But they are located at all as we used to. Bind pockets came up with when it turned out that cosmonauts constantly accounted for somehow putting pencils and other small items so that they would not fly out. Wide pockets on the shin are comfortable, because astronauts often accept embryo pose. Instead of shoes wear thick socks. Clothes on board are not erased, but they are packaged in a special container, after which it burns in the atmosphere.

Sport

On board the space station there are several simulators. Astronauts are obliged to play sports, since in weightlessness of the muscles of the person are atrophy, and the bones lose strength.

Treadmills at the station three. To deal with them, astronauts tie themselves with special belts. Also on the ISS there are exercise bikes and a special device that "imitates gravity". The simulator allows you to perform a whole range of exercises in microgravity conditions due to the resistance of the forces of vacuum cylinders, for example, squats or imitation of the navigation.

Hygiene

The first astronauts put on diapers. They are used now, but only when entering outdoor space and during the landing take-off. The recycling system of life waste has begun to develop at the dawn of astronautics. The toilet acts on the principle of the vacuum cleaner. The cutting flow of air sucks waste, while they fall into the package, which is then disclazy and rushes into the container. His place occupies another. Filled containers are sent to open space - they burn in the atmosphere. At the station "Peace", liquid waste was purified and turned into water, which astronauts prefer not to drink. In one of the interviews, Russian cosmonauts recognized that in order to go to the toilet in a large way, it is necessary to very accurately in a small hole. Before flying, they even pass special training. If you miss, waste will scatter on the ship.

Fishki.net.

For body hygiene use wet wipes and towels. Although "shower cabins" are developed. Every day you wash your head, otherwise it starts itching. There is a special shameless shampoo, which first you carefully apply on your hair, press the water drop there, and then remove the towel. Another inconvenience - you have to swallow the toothpaste, it is impossible to rinse your mouth. And the most ordinary paste, which all use all on Earth. Therefore, they try to apply it to the brush at a minimum.

Roscosmos Media Store.

Food

Tubes with food became a symbol of a space lifestyle. They began to do in Estonia in the 1960s. Squeezing out of tubes, cosmonauts ate chicken fillet, beef tongue and even borsch. In the 80s, the orbit began to supply sublimated products - of which up to 98% of water were removed, which significantly reduces the mass and volume. Hot water is poured into the bag with a dry mixture - and lunch is ready. Eat on the ISS and canned food. Bread is packed with small loaves on one bite so that the crumbs do not fly over the compartment. On the kitchen table there are locks for containers and appliances.

In the tubes, only juice and a small set of power used on a subsidiary of the station are now. By the way, the Cosmonauts menu make up themselves. The special distribution unit of hot water, with the help of which the entire foods of the cosmonauts are preparing, is affectionately called "our chairs". Dishes do not look very appetizing, but they are quite edible.

But how can the cosmonaut menu look like:

First breakfast: tea with lemon or coffee, biscuit.

The second breakfast: pork with sweet pepper, apple juice, bread (or beef arthow with potato mashed potatoes, fruit sticks).

Lunch: chicken broth, puree, prunes with nuts, cherry-plum juice (or milk soup with vegetables, ice cream and refractory chocolate).

Dinner: pork cutting with potato mashed potatoes, cookies with cheese and milk (or Sounds "in rustic", prunes, milk cocktail, quail politician and ham and ham omelet).

Cabin

In weightlessness, anyway, where to sleep, the main thing is to securely fix the body. At the ISS, sleeping bags with lightning are attached directly to the walls. By the way, in the cabins of Russian astronauts there are portholes, allowing you to admire the type of land before bedtime. And Americans have no windows. The cabin contains personal items, photos of relatives, musical players. All small items are either fit under special gums on the walls, or attached to velcro. For this wall, the ISS is placed with a darous material. Also at the station a lot of handrails.

Traditions

Event tradition: On the way to start there is a place where Gagarin stayed at one time, and there still the male part leaves the bus. This is called the survey of the spacecraft. Well, there is a practical meaning in it: the astronauts are sitting for two hours before starting in the ship in a curved position, while checking. Of course, before this it is worth freeing the bladder. It looks a little dying, but such a tradition.

Guessfulness

The first sensations from staying in weightlessness are disorientation. Retribute - you start taking off. Remove gloves, and they hang in the air. It is difficult to focus vision. It is very difficult to proportionate efforts - because there are no resistance. You need to do something, the effort is disproportionate, throws you to the side, you try to slow down, put even greater effort - throws into another. You realize that it is better not to twist your head - a mastering appears. The porthole is also better not to look for a long time - it starts torture. In addition, the ship flies in a constant twist, providing the orientation of solar batteries in the sun. One turnover in three minutes, but this is enough to cause the attacks of nausea. Over rare breaks when the ship performs maneuvers, the "Union" turns around two days. One turn around the earth takes an hour and a half, after six turns, the first time of the crew is coming.

Olders fly easily and naturally. Slightly pushing the fingertips, they fly a ten meter module, sniper falling into the hatch. This is always always shown on the video from the station. Of course, they are immediately trying to repeat - nothing like this. Most of all, you remind you a billiard ball sent by inept hand. Somewhere clogged, somewhere the legs slowed down, and somewhere his head, somewhere something hit. The newbie is immediately visible: it moves slowly, in flight for braking, spreads his legs, like a swallow tail, and does not slow down as them, how much confuses everything around. And the newcomer stretches the loop of shot down devices, lenses and other items. After a week, two awkwardness passes, and after six months we become a real ASA. It is necessary somewhere - pushed around with one finger, flew and slowed down with one finger, however, on my leg.

blogs.esa.int

And one more unusual feeling is a spatial orientation. At first, you clearly understand where the top and where the bottom. Internally, you know: here - the floor, here is the ceiling, and here is the walls. And if you flew to the wall, then you know what you sit on the wall. Like fly. But in a month or two sensations change: move to the wall, and she is in the head - click! - It becomes sex, and everything falls into place.

• The ISS is a piloted orbital station used as a multipurpose space research complex. This is a joint international project in which 14 countries participate. The first segment of the station was led into orbit in 1998.

The ISS was visited by 8 space tourists, each of them paid from 20 to 30 million dollars, all tourists were delivered to the station by Russian Soyuz ships. Also at the station there was a correspondence wedding: Cosmonaut Yuri Malyarenko, who was at the station, married Catherine Dmitrieva, who was on Earth. The bride was in Texas, according to the laws of the groom or the bride may be absent at the wedding, if he or it is represented by a trustee.

12-04-2016, 16:37

During the USSR, one of the most popular professions among children was a dream to become a cosmonaut, in every class at least a dozen boys wanted to become like Yuri Gagarin or to kill spaces of space. In the modern world, this field of activity among young people is not so popular, but annually the Center for the training of astronauts receive hundreds of thousands of applications for the admission of young people who dream of water in space as a Russian crew and promote domestic scientific activities. Not everyone can do, because in addition to excellent health and physical indicators, it is required to have a certain luggage of knowledge and take the selection in the relevant Commission.

Life at the ISS - Dream?

For many, the work of the cosmonaut appears in surrealistic ideas, everything seems so interesting, as it should be great to "swim" on board the ISS in conditions of weightlessness, when things fly in the district, there is no gravity and does not fall. Just a dream, not work - you do not need to get up early in the morning to drive through the whole city, sometimes even for several hours or stand in traffic, every day to engage in unusual things in unusual conditions, eat food from the packages that carefully prepared and dried under the need man. And most importantly - to watch your relatives and homeland through the porthole, in which all the earth is visible and every corner, because for some light day of the ISS, it time to fly out our planet in an near-earth orbit 15-16 times. But in reality, the lives of astronauts are far from invented, and sometimes romantic, representations of the average person.

How does weightlessness affect the human body

Life on the ISS and life on Earth is fundamentally different, before flying to the station, astronauts are adapting in special blocks with an artificially created zone of weightlessness. For an ordinary person, it will be discovery that finding people in the absence of gravity strongly affects the health and human body.

The first of a number of problems arising from a person at the beginning of life at the space station, the feelings of strong discomfort in the area of \u200b\u200bthe stomach are beginning to manifest, a certain way affecting the vestibular apparatus, a sense of orientation is lost in space, and sometimes a kind of illusion or hallucination appears. The body is trying to adapt to new conditions during the first 10 days. Muscle tissue, which is rapidly reduced by rapidly, in total, cosmonauts will quickly lose weight, so that such cases do not occur, there is a sports complex for the ISS, where the crew is engaged in physical exercises for a set of body weight. Strong stress experience and bones of cosmonauts - the amount of minerals is rapidly decreasing, that is, they can become fragile and the number of injuries with fractures may increase so that such situations do not occur in the crew diet consist of vitamins and minerals, and the food is maximally equipped with nutritional.

Notable only the conditions of weightlessness affect the growth - the average cosmonaut "grows" from three to eight centimeters during their stay at the ISS. But there are some advantages in the absence of gravity - those people who on Earth had the habit of snoring during sleep, in space got rid of this uncomfortable for the surrounding factor. Interestingly, in all the time the existence of the ISS snoring in some personalities was still fixed.

Unusual in conventional things

The whole life when finding at the space station is straightely different from earthly, even such trifles like morning baths and trips to the toilet have undergone significant changes from the usual. However, even the little things in Russian astronauts and American astronauts are different among themselves, for example, cleaning teeth. The Americans have developed a toothpaste that does not harm the body and, acting according to the established rules, the astronaut after completing the cleaning process swallows it. Russian astronauts spit foam on a dry napkin, and then throw it into the compartment with the supplies used, although the domestic paste is also not harmful to health. Cosmonauts have bathed rarely, mainly cleanliness is maintained by wiping with wet wipes, as water at the station for gold weight.

A trip to the toilet is also unusual - there is no toilet or such an instrument in the conventional booth. For the closing door there are two devices for various degrees of need: for small needs there is a long tube with a funnel, for large - open pipe 10-15 centimeters in diameter. Both types of toilet are equipped with vacuum devices that draw human waste inwards, but in any case it is necessary to extremely carefully and targeting these processes, otherwise you will have to remove the entire room with disinfecting napkins, because liquids will "swim" through the territory.

Each cosmonaut has its own portfolio with all necessary for personal hygiene by means - all for shaving (American astronauts use the electric shaver, Russian - familiar machines with replaceable blades), a variety of creams, toothbrushes with hair comb, and so on.

Food and Products

Food for Russians and other astronauts is delivered by cargoes from their countries, but often the parties provide each other with their power sets for a variety. Russian cosmonauts supplied a large number of soups, second dishes from all types of meat and birds, vegetables and snacks, fresh vegetables and fruits are shipped in small quantities to eat them, families and crew friends have the right to transfer personal goodies as a parcel.

Many products for long storage are supplied in a sublimated state, and not in tubes, as it was before and confirms the motto of astronauts - "just add water", the main nutrition arrives in dry form, it needs to be breeding hot water and after 10 minutes the dish will be ready to use . Some food is ready, but requires heating - in this case, astronauts on the "kitchen" have a peculiar microwave.

Cosmonautics Day at the ISS

Today, April 12, in honor of the day of cosmonautics, the crew will celebrate himself a festive lunch - together at one table, everyone who on this moment Present on the ISS, grabbing his national disassembled and fresh products that have recently delivered by the cargo ship. On the Internet you can find many videos filmed by astronauts and astronauts about life outside the Earth, also to view the roller's resource, in which the crew celebrated the New Year on the ISS and many other entertaining video.

There, on the ISS, everything is not like on Earth. Of course, people are the same, the planet, which is seen from the window, is also our own, native.

But here are the conditions of stay in outer space, in conditions of complete weightlessness, the life of astronauts completely change completely. This article lists the most interesting facts from the life of people in space.

1. In one day you can see 16 dawnes

Yes, at a low orbit, the sun rises and sits down every one and a half hours, so it is almost impossible to sleep with such a cycle.

In order to establish the life of the ISS team, an ordinary 24-hour system was created, based on the so-called "average" Greenwich Time. This time zone, running out somewhere halfway between Moscow and Houston.

By the way, astronauts arise on a call, a signal that is sent from the PC-A to the ISS. The beep is a melody that chooses either the astronaut himself or his family.

2. From space you can see the stunning types of land and the opposite direction of the Moon

From space, astronauts are watching what is never to see on Earth: the ground is a blue disk on a black background, the opposite side of the moon, as well as strange flashes of light in the eyes.

It turns out that it is not the light at all, but cosmic radiation, which is perceived by the brain as a flash. Such outbreaks are very harmful to the eyes, and many astronauts subsequently have vision problems.

3. "There" You become above

That is, due to the lack of attraction of the Earth, the spine is a bit lengthened, and you become higher about 5-8 centimeters.

Unfortunately, this is not very good, and similar "growth" is accompanied by various complications. For example, a spin can hurt, or the nerve is fristed. Things happen.

4. Cosmonauts do not snore

A person who snored on earth, there will be no snore in space. All because it is the strength of attraction causes snoring. Only single cases of snoring sleeping cosmonauts are noted in space.

By the way, some other sleep deviations also disappear in weightlessness. Cosmonauts in space suffer from constipation.

5. Salt and pepper have to mix with water

Of course, seasonings from astronauts - in liquid form. How do you imagine the salting or dozen food in weightlessness?

Therefore, it is necessary to create various liquid seasonings that improve the taste of products from the diet of cosmonauts. Otherwise, the use of seasoning would be a big problem.

6. The longest stay in space - 438 days

The Russian cosmonaut Valery Polyakov stayed longer in space. He remained aboard the Space Station "Peace" 438 days (this is 14 months). His mission ended in 1995.

According to data until 2004, from 439 astronauts 11 killed during training, 18 - during accidents during the start, and only 3 people - the Union-11 team - died directly in space.

Georgy Dobrovolsky, Viktor Patsayev and Vladislav Volkov died from the depressurization of the ship, which occurred as a result of the module branch in 1971.

7. Almost every cosmonaut suffers from cosmic disease.

Yes, and it happens. Very many cosmonauts during the first days in conditions of weightlessness are experiencing all the unpleasant sensations related to the manifestation of cosmic disease.

This "disease" manifests itself in loss of orientation, in that a person ceases to feel the position of hands and legs. Some generally constantly feel upside down.

According to statistics, each second cosmonaut experienced an unpleasant sensation related to the manifestation of "Space Adaptation Syndrome". Yes, there is also such a name. But everything becomes good in a few days - the unpleasant feelings go.

8. On Earth, astronauts are hard to adapt to the strength of gravity.

Upon returning to land, people have to re-adapt to our conditions. Astronauts are especially affected due to the fact that they can not get used to the fall of things.

They have already learned that the items freely soaring in the air, and subconsciously continue to expect the same on earth.

That's how it turns out that the cosmonaut can try to leave a cup in the air, forgetting that she will now fall and disassemble.

9. Space Special Hygiene

In space it is impossible to take a bath, use wet sponges and napkins for hygiene. It is also necessary to clean the teeth problematic, foam from toothpaste just swallow.