Great classic composers: the list of the best. Russian composers-classics

Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven - The greatest composer of the early 19th century. Requiem and lunar sonata immediately recognizable by any person. The immortal works of the composer have always been and will be popular due to the unique style of Beethoven.

- German composer of the 18th century. No doubt the founder of modern music. His works were based on the multifaceted consonance of various tools. He created the rhythm of music, on this its works are easily amenable to modern tool processing.

- The most popular and understandable Austrian composer of the end of the 18th century. All his works are simple and ingenious. They are very melodious and pleasant. Little serenade, thunderstorm and many other compositions in rock processing will stand in a special place in your collection.

- Austrian composer of the end of the 18th, early 19th century. True classic composer. Violin for Haidna was in a special place. In almost all works of the composer, it solorates. Very beautiful and fascinating music.

- Italian composer of the first half of the 18th century No. 1. The national temperament and the new approach to the arrangement literally blew up Europe in the middle of the 18th century. Symphonies "Seasons" are a business card of the composer.

- Polish composer of the 19th century. According to some information, the investigator of the combined genre of concert and folk music. Its polones and the musicals are smoothly combined with orchestral music. The only minus in the work of the composer considered too soft style (lack of strong and incendiary motives).

- German composer of the late 19th century. He was responding about him as a great romance of their time, and his "German Requiem" eclipsed with its popularity of contemporaries. The style in the music of Brahms is qualitatively different from the styles of other classics.

- Austrian composer of the early 19th century. One of the unrecognized in the lifetime of the greatest composers. A very early death at 31 years old did not allow to fully develop the potential of Schubert. Written songs were the main source of income when the greatest symphonies dust on the shelves. Only after the death of the composer, the works were highly appreciated by critics.

- Austrian composer of the late 19th century. Investigator Waltz and Marsh. We say Strauss - I mean Waltz, we say Waltz - I mean Strauss. Johann Jr. grew up in the Father's family - composer. Strauss senior belonged to the works of the Son with disgrave. He believed that the Son was engaged in nonsense and so much humiliated him in the world. But Johann junior with persistence continued to engage in his favorite business, and the revolution and written by Strauss March in her honor, proved the genius of the Son in the eyes of the European Supreme Society.

- One of the greatest composers of the 19th century. Master of Opera Art. "Aida" and "Othello" Verdi is extremely popular today thanks to the true talent of the Italian composer. The tragic family loss at the age of 27 sucking the composer, but he did not lower his hands and deepened into creativity, writing several operas at once in a short time. Higher society highly appreciated the talent of Verdi and his operas were put in the most prestigious theaters of Europe.

- In 18 years of age, this talented Italian composer wrote several operas, which became very popular. The crown of his creation was the recycled play "Seville Barber". After presenting it to the public, Joakino literally wore on her hands. Success was intoxicating. After that, Rossini became a welcome guest in the highest light and acquired a solid reputation.

- German composer of early 18th century. One of the founders of the Opera Art and Tool Music. In addition to writing Opero Handel wrote music and for the "people", which was very popular in those times. Hundreds of songs and dance melodies of the composer thundered on the streets and squares in those distant times.

- Polish prince and composer - self-taught. Having no musical education became a famous composer. His famous polonais is known worldwide. At the time of the composer, a revolution took place in Poland, and the marches written by them became the anthems of the rebels.

- Jewish composer born in Germany. His wedding march and "Sleeping Night" are popular not one hundred years. The symphonies and written symphones are successfully perceived worldwide.

- German composer of the 19th century. His mystically - the anti-Semitic idea of \u200b\u200bthe superiority of the race "Ariyev" over other races was adopted by fascists. Wagner's music is very different from the music of his predecessors. It is aimed primarily on the connection of man and nature with an admixture of mysticism. His famous opera "Nibelung Rings" and "Tristan and Isolde" - confirm the revolutionary spirit of the composer.

- French composer of the mid-19th century. Creator "Carmen". From birth was a brilliant child and in 10 years already entered the conservatory. For a brief life (he died without surviving up to 37 years) wrote dozens of operas and operetta, various orchestral works and one-symphony.

- Norwegian composer - Lirik. His works are simply saturated with melodiousness. For his life, he wrote a large number of songs, romances, suite and etudes. His composition "The Cave of the Mountain King" is very often used in cinema and modern stage.

- American composer of the beginning of the 20th century - the author of "Rhapsodia in blues tones", which is especially popular and to today. At the age of 26, he was already the first composer Broadway. The popularity of Gershwin was very quickly scattered throughout America, thanks to numerous songs and a popular show.

- Russian composer. His opera "Boris Godunov" is a business card of many theaters of the world. The composer relied on the folk folklore in his works, considering folk music - the music of the soul. "Night on Bald Mount" Modest Petrovich is among the top ten most popular symphonic sketches in the world.

The most popular and greatest composer of Russia is certainly. "Swan Lake" and "Sleeping Beauty", "Slavic Marsh" and "Nutcracker", "Evgeny Onegin" and "Peak Lady". These and many more masterpieces of musical art were created by our Russian composer. Tchaikovsky is the pride of Russia. All over the world know "Balalaika", "Matrushka", "Tchaikovsky" ...

- Soviet composer. Pets of Stalin. Opera "Tale of this man" strongly recommended to listen to Mikhail Zadornov. But mostly Sergey Sergeych serious and deep work. "War and World", "Cinderella", "Romeo and Juliet", a lot of ingenious symphony and works for the orchestra.

- Russian composer who created his inimitable style in music. He was a deeply believer man and a special place in his work was given to writing religious music. Rachmaninov also wrote a lot of concert music and several symphony. His last work "Symphony Dances" is recognized as the greatest product of the composer.

Classical music is now far away as popular as she was in her "golden age" - from the XVII to the beginning of the 20th century, but it is still impressive and serves as inspiration for many. Famous musical composers who created these great works may have lived hundreds of years ago, but their masterpieces still remain unsurpassed.

Famous German composers

Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig Van Beethoven is one of the most important names in the history of classical music. He was an innovator of his era, expanding the scale of the symphony, sonata, concert, quartet, and in a new way, uniting vocals and tools, although his vocal genre was not so interested. The public did not immediately adopt his innovative ideas, but glory did not make herself for too long, so in the life of Beethoven, his creativity was appreciated.

The whole life of Beethoven was marked by the struggle for a healthy rumor, but the deafness still overtook him: some of the most important works of the Great Composer were created over the past ten years of life when he was no longer able to hear. Some of the most famous works of Beethoven are the "Moon Sonata" (No. 14), the play "To Elise", Symphony No. 9, Symphony No. 5.

Johann Sebastian Bach

Another world-famous German composer is Johann Sebastian Bach - a brilliant author, whose works in the XIX century were of interest even those who were not interested in serious, classical music. He wrote both organ music, and vocal tool, and music for other tools and instrumental ensembles, although the opera genre he still managed to get around. Most often, he was engaged in writing Cantat, Fug, Prelude and Otria, as well as chorated. It was Bach along with George Friedrich Ghendel - the latest composers of the Baroque era.

In all his life, he created more than a thousand musical works. The most famous works of Bach: Toccata and Fugue Re Minor BWV 565, Pastoral BWV 590, "Brandenburg Concerts", "Peasant" and "Coffee" Cantata, Mass "Passion in Matthew".

Richard Wagner

Wagner was not only one of the most influential composers of the whole world, but also one of the most controversial - because of his anti-Semitic worldview. He was a supporter of a new form of the opera, which called the "musical drama" - in it all the musical and dramatic elements merged together. To this end, he developed a composite style in which the orchestra plays the same strong dramatic role as singers performers.

Wagner himself wrote his libretto, who called "verses". Most of Wagner plots were based on European myths and legends. It is most famous for its eighteen-hour cycle of epic operas in four parts called "Nibelung Ring", Tristan and Isolde Opera, as well as Parsifal musical drama.

Famous Russian composers

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka

Glinka is usually talked as the founder of the Russian national tradition in music, but his Russian opera offered the synthesis of Western music with Russian melodies. The first opera Glinka became "life for the king", which was well accepted at its first stage in 1836, but the second opera - Ruslan and Lyudmila, with Libretto, written by Pushkin, is not so massively. Nevertheless, she was a new type of drama - a heroic-historical opera, or epic.

Glinka became the first of the Russian composers who achieved global recognition. The most famous works of Mikhail Ivanovich: Opera Ivan Susanin, Waltz fantasy for a symphony orchestra and overture-symphony for a circular Russian topic.

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Tchaikovsky is one of the most popular and famous composers around the world. Many, he is also the most beloved Russian composer. Tchaikovsky's work, however, are much more western than works that other composers wrote, his contemporaries, as he used the folk Russian melodies, and was guided by the heritage of the German and Austrian composers. Tchaikovsky himself was not only a composer, but also a conductor, musical teacher and criticism.

No others famous composers Russia is perhaps not famous for the creation of ballet statements as Tchaikovsky is famous for this. The most famous ballet masses at Tchaikovsky are: "Nutcracker", "Swan Lake" and "Sleeping Beauty". He wrote and operas; The most famous - "peak lady", "Eugene Onegin".

Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov

Creativity Sergey Vasilyevich has absorbed the traditions of post-therastism and took shape into a unique in the musical culture of the 20th century, not like any other in the world, style. He always has a major musical forms. Basically, his works are saturated with longing, drama, power and insurgent; They often displayed images of the folk epic.

Rachmaninov was known not only as a composer, but also as a pianist, so the piano works are occupied by a significant place in his work. Learning notes for the piano, he began at the age of four. The decisive genre of Rakhmaninov was a concert for piano with orchestra. The most famous works of Rakhmaninov are rapeseed on Paganini and four concerts for piano with orchestra.

Famous composers of the world

Giuseppe Francesco Verda

It is difficult to imagine the XIX century without the music of Giuseppe Verdi, one of the classics of Italian musical culture. Verdi was striving to bring musical realism into opera production, he always worked directly with singers and librettists, intervened in the work of the conductors and did not tolerate fake performance. He said that he had all that was beautiful in art.

Like many composers, Verdi has gained the greatest popularity thanks to the creation of the opera. The most famous among them are Opera "Othello", "Aida", "Rigoletto".

Frederic Chopin

The most famous Polish composer Frederick Chopin has always covered the beauty of his native land in his works and believed in her greatness in the future. His name is the pride of the Polish people. Chopin stands out in the field of classical music by writing works only for execution on the piano, rather than others famous composers with their variety of symphony and operas; Now the works of Chopin became the base for the work of the current pianists.

She was engaged in Schopin by writing piano plays, Nokturnov, Mazurok, etudes, waltzs, polonesis and other forms, and the most famous among them are "Autumn Waltz", Nocturne to Diez Minor, Spring Rhapsody, Fantasy-Exprompti Diez Minor.

Edward Grig

The famous Norwegian composer and music actor Edward Grieg specialized in chamber-vocal and piano music. The creativity of the Griega significantly influenced the legacy of German romanticism. The bright and recognizable style of the Grill can be described by such a direction as musical impressionism.

Often, when creating its works, the Grieg was inspired by folk tales, melodies, legends. His creativity had a huge impact on the development of Norwegian musical culture and art as a whole. The most famous works of the composer is an overture "in the fall", a concert for piano with an orchestra of 1868, music to the play "Per Gunt", Suite "From Holberg Times".

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

And, of course, the most famous composers of all time will not cost without this name, which even people know from classical music. The Austrian composer and the virtuoso performer, Mozart created a number of operas, concerts, sonatas and symphony, which had a huge impact on classical music and, in fact, formed it.

He grew up in advanced: I learned to play a piano at the age of three, and five already created small pieces of musical works. The first symphony was written to them in the eight of the age, the first opera - at twelve years. Mozart had a phenomenal musical hearing and amazing abilities for the game on many musical instruments and improvisation.

For his life, Mozart created more than six hundred musical works, one of the most famous among which are the Opera "Wedding Figaro", Symphony No. 41 "Jupiter", 3rd part of Sonata №11 "Turkish march", concert for flute and harp with orchestra and Rem Minor, K.626 Re Minor.

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Listen to anything from the classics - what could be better?! Especially on the weekend, when I want to relax, forget about the alarms of the day, worries a labor week, to dream about the beautiful, and just raise my mood. To think only, the classic works were created by genius authors so long ago, which I could not believe that something could survive such a number of years. And these works still love and listen, create arrangements and modern interpretations. Even in modern processing, the works of ingenious composers remain classical music. As recognizes, the classic works are genius, and all ingenious cannot be boring.

Probably, all the great composers have a special hearing, special sensitivity to the tone and melody, which allowed them to create music that are enjoying dozens of generations not only their compatriots, but also fans of classical music around the world. If you still doubt if you love classic music, then you need to meet with, and you will make sure that you really have a long-time fan of beautiful music.

And today we will talk about the 10th composers in the world's most famous.

Johann Sebastian Bach

The first place is deserved belonging. Genius was born in Germany. The talented composer wrote music for harpsichord and organ. The composer did not create a new style in music. But he was able to create perfection in all styles of his time. It is the author of more than 1000 writings. In their works Bach Connected different musical styles with whom he was acquainted during his life. Often, musical romanticism has connected with a baroque style. In life Johann Bakh As the composer did not receive well-deserved recognition, interest in his music originated almost 100 years later his death. Today it is called one of the greatest composers ever living on Earth. His uniqueness as a person, the teacher and the musician reflected in his music. Bach Located the basics of the music of the new and the latest time, dividing the history of music to the Poduhovskaya and Postbakhovskaya. There is an opinion that music Baha Gloomy and sullen. His music is rather fundamental and founder, restrained and focused. How reflections of a mature, melted person's life. Creation Baha I had an impact on many composers. Some of them took an example from his works or used themes of them. And musicians of the whole world play music Baha, admiring her beauty and perfection. One of the most sensitive works - "Branderburg concerts" - excellent proof that music Baha It is impossible to be too gloomy:

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

The right is considered to be a genius. In 4 years, he has already played freely on the violin and Clavesis, in 6 years began to compose music, and at 7 it was already skillfully improvised on the clasesis, violin and organ, competing with famous musicians. Already at 14 Mozart. - a recognized composer, and at 15 years old - a member of the Music Academies of Bologna and Verona. From nature, he possessed a phenomenal musical hearing, memory and ability to improvisation. He created a striking number of works - 23 operas, 18 Sonatas, 23 piano concerts, 41 symphony and more. The composer did not want to imitate, he tried to create a new model, reflecting the new personality of music. Not by chance in Germany music Mozart They call the "Music of the Soul", in their works the composer showed the features of his sincere, loving nature. The greatest melody made a special value to the opera. Operas Mozart - Epoch in the development of this type of musical art. Mozart. It is widely recognized by one of the greatest composers: his uniqueness is that he worked in all musical forms of his time and achieved the highest success. One of the most recognizable works - "Turkish march":

Ludwig van Beethoven

Another great German was an important figure of a romantic classic period. Even those who do not know about classical music at all about him. Beethoven - One of the most executable and respected composers in the world. The Grand Composer witnessed the grand shocks that occurred in Europe and overlapping her card. These great coups, revolutions and military confrontations found their reflection in the work of the composer, especially symphonic. He embodied the pictures of the heroic struggle in music. In immortal works Beethoven You will hear the fight for the freedom and fraternity of people, unshakable faith in the victory of the world over the darkness, as well as dreams about the freedom and happiness of mankind. One of the most famous and amazing facts of his life - the illness of the ears turned into a complete deafness, but despite this, the composer continued to write music. He was also considered one of the best pianists. Music Beethoven Surprisingly simple and accessible to understanding the widest circles of listeners. Generations are replaced, and even the epoch, and music Beethoven still worries and pleases the hearts of people. One of his best works - "Moonlight Sonata":

Richard Wagner

With the name of the Great Richard Wagner Most often bind his masterpieces "Wedding choir" or "Flight Walkiry". But he is known not only as a composer, but also as a philosopher. Wagner Considered his musical works as a way of expressing a certain philosophical concept. FROM Wagner The new musical era of the operas began. The composer tried to bring the opera to life, music for him is only a means. Richard Wagner - The creator of the musical drama, the opera reformer and the art of conducting, innovator of the harmonic and melodic language of music, the creator of new forms of musical expressiveness. Wagner - The author of the world's longest solo aria (14 minutes 46 seconds) and the world's longest classical opera (5 hours and 15 minutes). In life Richard Wagner It was considered a controversial person, whom or adored, or hate. And often both together. Mystical symbolism and anti-Semitism made it a favorite composer Hitler, but closed the road for his music to Israel. However, neither supporters nor opponents of the composer deny its greatness as a composer. From the very first notes Wonderful music Richard Wagner absorbs you without a residue, not leaving the disputes and disagreements:

Franz Schubert

Austrian composer is a musical genius, one of the best song composers. He was only 17 when he wrote his first song. In one day he could write 8 songs. For his creative life, he created more than 600 compositions, on the verses of more than 100 great poets, including Goethe, Schiller and Shakespeare. therefore Franz Schubert In the 10th best. Although creativity Schubert Extremely diverse, on the use of genres, ideas and reincarnations, the prevailing and determining in his music is vocal-song lyrics. Before Schubert The song was considered a slight genome, and it was he who took her to the degree of artistic perfection. Moreover, he connected, it would seem not connected, a song and chamber-symphonic music, which gave rise to a new direction of lyrical and romantic symphony. The vocal-song lyrics is the world of the simple and deep, subtle and even intimate human experiences, expressed by the word, and sound. Franz Schubert Lived a very short life, just 31 years old. The fate of the composer's works is no less tragic than his life. After death Schubert There are many unrelated manuscripts stored in the bookcases and drawers of relatives and friends. Even the closest people did not know everything that he wrote, and for many years he was recognized mainly only as a king of the song. Some products of the composer were published only after half a century after his death. One of the most beloved and famous works Franz Schubert – "Evening Serenade":

Robert Schuman

With no less tragic fate, the German composer is one of the best composers of the romantic era. He created an amazing music for beauty. To get an idea of \u200b\u200bthe German romanticism of the XIX century, it is enough to listen "Carnival" Robert Shumana. He was able to escape from the musical traditions of the classic era, creating his interpretation of a romantic style. Robert Schuman He was gifted by many talents, and even for a long time could not decide between music, poetry, journalism and philology (he was a polyglot and freely translated from English, French and Italian). He was also a stunning pianist. And yet the main vocation and passion Shumana There was music. In his poetic and deep-psychological music, music is largely reflected by the duality of the composer's nature, glowing passion and care to the world of dreams, awareness of the vulgar reality and the desire for the ideal. One of the masterpieces Robert Shumanawhich is simply obliged to hear each:

Frederic Chopin

Perhaps the most famous pole in the world of music. Neither before, neither after the composer was not born a musical genius of this level in Poland. The Poles are incredibly proud of their great compatriot, and in their work, the clumps often chas the Motherland, admires the beauty of the landscapes, shakes the tragic past, dreams of a great future. Frederic Chopin - One of the few composers who wrote music exclusively for piano. In his creative heritage, there is no operas nor the symphony, but the piano plays are presented in the whole manifold. His works are the basis of the repertoire of many famous pianists. Frederic Chopin - Polish composer, which is also known as a talented pianist. He lived only 39 years old, but managed to create a lot of masterpieces: ballads, preludes, waltzes, muswipes, nocturnes, polonesa, etudes, sonata and much more. One of them - "Ballad №1, Sol Minor".

Ferrenz Leaf

It is one of the greatest composers of the world. He lived a relatively long and surprisingly saturated life, knew a poverty and wealth, met love and faced with contempt. In addition to the talent from birth, he possessed fantastic performance. Ferrenz Leaf Deserved not only the admiration of the experts and fans of music. And as a composer, and as a pianist, he received universal approval of the European critics of the XIX century. He created more than 1,300 works and like Frederick Chopin I preferred the works for piano. Brilliant pianist Ferrenz Leaf I knew how to reproduce the sound of a whole orchestra on the piano, the masterfully improvised, possessed the fantastic memory of the musical compositions, he was not equal in reading notes from the sheet. He had a pathetic style of execution, which was also reflected in his music, emotionally passionate and heroic-raised, creating colorful musical paintings and producing an indelible impression on the listeners. The business card of the composer is concerts for piano. One of these works. And one of the most famous works Sheet – "Dreams of love":

Johannes Brahms.

A significant figure of a romantic period in music is Johannes Brahms.. Listen and love music Brahms It is considered a good taste and a characteristic sign of romantic nature. Brahms Not a single opera wrote, but he created works in all other genres. Special Slava Brahms Brought it symphony. Already in the first works, the originality of the composer is manifested, which over time transformed into its own style. If you consider all works BrahmsThis cannot be said that the creativity of its predecessors or contemporaries has greatly affected the composer. And on the scale of creativity Brahms often compare S. Bach and Beethoven. Probably, this comparison is justified in the sense that the work of the three Great Germans is the culmination of the whole era in the history of music. Unlike Ferrency Sheet a life Johannes Bramza It was devoid of rapid events. He preferred calm creativity, in life he has earned the recognition of his talent and universal respect, and was also awarded considerable honors. The most outstanding music in which creative power Brahms affected especially bright and original, is his "German Requiem", the work that the author created the whole 10 years and devoted his mother. In his music Brahms He chances the eternal values \u200b\u200bof human life, which are in the beauty of nature, the art of the great talents of the past, culture of their homeland.

Giuseppe Verdi

What is the dozen of the best composers without?! Italian composer is known primarily by its operations. He became the national glory of Italy, his work is the culmination of the development of the Italian opera. Its achievements and merit as a composer cannot be overestimated. Its works are still, after the century after the death of the author, they remain the most popular, universally executed, known for both connoisseurs and lovers of classical music.

For Verdi The most important thing in the opera was drama. In the musical images created by the composer, the Rigoletto, Aida, Violetta, Dzentemones are organically combined with bright melodies and the depth of the heroes, the democraticness and sophistication of musical characteristics, frantic passions and light dreams. Verdi It was a real psychologist in understanding human passions. His music is nobility and power, amazing beauty and harmony, inexpressible beautiful melodies, beautiful arias and duets. Passions boil, comedy and tragedy are intertwined and merged together. Scenes operas, according to the very Verdi, There must be "original, interesting and ... passionate, with the passion above all the rest." And most of his works are serious and tragic, demonstrate emotional dramatic situations, and the music of the Great Verdi gives expressiveness to what is happening and emphasizes the emphasis of the situation. Fuck all the best that was achieved by the Italian opera school, he did not deny the opera traditions, and reformed the Italian opera, filled it with realism, gave her the unity of the whole. At the same time, he did not declare his reform, did not write articles about it, but simply wrote the opera in a new way. Triumphal procession of one of the masterpieces Verdi - Operas - swept through Italian scenes and continued in Europe, as well as in Russia and America, forcing even skeptics to recognize the talent of the Great Composer.

10rd of the most famous composers in the world Updated: November 25, 2017 by the author: Elena

The Russian composer school, the successor of the traditions of which was the Soviet and today's Russian school, began in the 19th century with composers who united European music with Russian folk melodies, tied the European form and the Russian spirit.

About each of these famous people can be told a lot, everyone is not simple, and sometimes tragic destinies, but in this review we tried to give only a brief description of the life and creativity of composers.

1. Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka

(1804-1857)

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka during the work of the Opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila". 1887, artist Ilya Efimovich Repin

"To create beauty, you need to be a clean soul."

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka is the founder of Russian classical music and the first domestic composer-classic who have reached world glory. His work, relying on the centuries-old traditions of Russian folk music, were a new word in the musical art of our country.

Born in Smolensk province, received education in St. Petersburg. The formation of the worldview and the basic idea of \u200b\u200bCreativity Mikhail Glinka contributed direct communication with such personalities as A.S. Pushkin, V.A. Zhukovsky, A.S.Griboyedov, A.A.Delvig. The creative impulse of his works added a long-term trip over Europe in the early 1830s and meetings with leading time composers - V. Bellini, Donzetti, F. Metherson and later with Gllyosa, J. Mareer.

Success came to M.I. Glinka in 1836, after the opera "Ivan Susanin" ("Life for the Tsar"), which was enthusiasticly met by everyone, for the first time in world music, Russian choral art and European symphonic and opera practice were organically connected, and A hero, similar to Susanin, also appeared, the image of which summarizes the best features of a national character.

V.F. Odoevsky described the opera "New Element in Art, and begins in his history a new period - the period of Russian music."

The second opera is the epic "Ruslan and Lyudmila" (1842), the work on which was carried out against the background of the death of Pushkin and in the difficult life of the composer, by virtue of the deep innovative essence of the work, was ambiguously met by the audience and the authorities, and brought M.I. Gling heavy Experience. After that, he traveled a lot, alternately living in Russia and abroad, not stopping composing. In his heritage there were romances, symphonic and chamber work. In the 1990s, the Patriotic Song of Mikhail Glinka was the official anthem of the Russian Federation.

Quote about M.I. Glinka:"The whole Russian symphony school, just as the entire oak in the gland, is enclosed in the symphony fantasy" Kamarinskaya ". P.I. Tchaikovsky

Interesting fact: Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka was not distinguished by strong health, despite it was very lung on the rise and knew perfectly perfectly, perhaps if he did not become a composer, he became a traveler. He knew six foreign languages, including Persian.

2. Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin

(1833-1887)

Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin, one of the leading Russian composers of the second half of the 19th century, except for the composer talent was a chemical scientist, a doctor, a teacher, criticism and possessed literary giving.

Born in St. Petersburg, since childhood everyone surrounding his unusual activity, fresting and abilities in various directions, primarily in music and chemistry.

A.P. Corodin is a Russian composer-nugget, he did not have professional music teachers, all his achievements in music through independent work on mastering the composition of the composition.

On the formation of A.P. Borodina influenced the creativity of M.I. Glinka (as well as on all Russian composers of the 19th century), and Impulse to the dense occupation in the early 1860s gave two events - first, acquaintance and marriage with a talented pianist E.S.protopopopova, secondly, a meeting With M.A. Balakiev and joining the creative Commonwealth of Russian composers, known as the "mighty hand".

In the late 1870s and in the 1880s, A.P. Borodin travels a lot and tours in Europe and America, meets with advanced composers of his time, his fame is growing, it has become one of the most famous and popular Russian composers in Europe of the late 19- th century.

The central place in the works of A.P. Borodina occupies the opera "Prince Igor" (1869-1890), which is a model of the national heroic epic in the music and which he himself did not have time to finish (His friends A.A. Lelzunov and N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov). In the "Prince of Igor", against the background of the majestic paintings of historical events, there was a reflection of the main thought of the composer's creativity - the courage, calm greatness, the spiritual nobility of the best Russian people and the mighty power of the entire Russian people, manifested when protecting the Motherland.

Despite the fact that A.P. Borodin left a relatively small number of works, his work is very diverse and it is considered one of the fathers of Russian symphonic music, which influenced many generations of Russian and foreign composers.

Quote about A.P.Borodina:"The talent of Borodin is equally mighty and amazing both in symphony and in the opera and in the romance. The main qualities of it is the Giant strength and width, colossal scope, swiftness and gusty, connected with amazing passion, tenderness and beauty. " V.V.Stovov

Interesting fact: The name of Borodina is called a chemical reaction of silver salts of carboxylic acids with halogens, which results in halogen-substituted hydrocarbons, which he first studied in 1861.

3. Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky

(1839-1881)

"The sounds of human speech, as the outdoor manifestations of thoughts and feelings, should without tendering and rapidly become music of truthful, accurate, but artistic, highly artistic."

Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky is one of the most brilliant Russian composers of the 19th century, a member of the "mighty bunch". The innovative creativity of Mussorgsky is far ahead of his time.

Born in the Pskov province. As many talented people, since childhood, showed abilities in music, studied in St. Petersburg, was, for family tradition, military. A decisive event that was determined that Mussorgsky was not born for military service, but for music, he became a meeting with M.A. Balakiev and joining the "mighty bunch".

Mussorgsky is great because in his grand works - Operators "Boris Godunov" and "Khovanshchina" captured in music the dramatic milestones of Russian history with a radical novelty, which Russian music did not know before him, showing the combination of mass folk scenes and a variety of wealth of types, The unique character of Russian people. These operas, in numerous editors, both the author and other composers, are among the most popular Russian operas in the world.

Another outstanding work of Mussorgsky is the cycle of piano plays "pictures from the exhibition", colorful and inventive miniatures are permeated by the Russian theme-refrain and Orthodox faith.

In the life of Mussorgsky, everything was both greatness and tragedy, but he always was distinguished by genuine spiritual purity and unconscious.

Its recent years were heavy - vital vitality, non-recognition of creativity, loneliness, addiction to alcohol, all this determined his early death in 42 years, he left a relatively few writings, some of which were completed by other composers.

Specific melody and innovative harmony of Mussorgsky anticipated some features of the 20th century musical development and played an important role in the formation of styles of many world composers.

Quote About M.P.Morusorgsky:"Ordinary Russian sounds in everything that Mussorgsky" N. K. Roerich

Interesting fact: At the end of the life of Mussorgsky, under the pressure of "Friends" of Stasov and Rimsky-Korsakov, refused the copyright to their works and presented them with Tristi Filippov.

4. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

(1840-1893)

"I am an artist who can and must bring the honor of his homeland. I feel great artistic power, I have not yet done the tenth more thing that I can do. And I want to do all my soul. "

Petr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, perhaps the greatest Russian composer of the 19th century, raised Russian musical art for an unprecedented height. It is one of the most important composers of world classical music.

The native of the Vyatka province, although the roots on the father's line in Ukraine, Tchaikovsky has shown musical abilities since childhood, but the first education and work was in the field of legal entity.

Tchaikovsky is one of the first Russian composers- "professionals" - he studied the theory and composition in the new St. Petersburg Conservatory.

Tchaikovsky was considered the "western" composer, in opposition to People's Frames "mighty bugs", with which he had good creative and friendly relations, but his work was no less permeated by the Russian spirit, he managed to uniquely connect the Western Symphony Heritage of Mozart, Beethoven and Shuman with Russian Traditions inherited from Mikhail Glinka.

The composer led an active life was a teacher, conductor, criticism, by a public figure, worked in two capitals, toured in Europe and America.

Tchaikovsky was a man emotionally unstable, enthusiasm, despondency, apathy, quick-tempered, violent anger - all these sentiments changed in it quite often, being a very sociable person, he always sought to solitude.

To allocate something better of Tchaikovsky's creativity - a difficult task, he has several isometric works in almost all music genres - opera, ballet, symphony, chamber music. And the content of Tchaikovsky's music is universally: with inimitable melodies, it covers images of life and death, love, nature, childhood, the works of Russian and world literature are revealed in a new way, reflected deep processes of spiritual life.

Composer quote:"Life is only then charm, when consists of alternating joys and grief, from the struggle of good with evil, from light and shadow, in a word - from a variety in unity."

"Big talent requires great hard work."

Quote about the composer: "I am ready for a day and night to stand the honorable guard at the porch of the house where Peter Ilyich lives, - to such an extent I respect him" A.P.chekhov

Interesting fact: Cambridge University in absentia and without the protection of the dissertation honored the Tchaikovsky title of Doctor of Music, as well as the Paris Academy of Fine Arts chose him by a correspondent member.

5. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov

(1844-1908)

Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov is a talented Russian composer, one of the most important figures in creating an invaluable domestic musical heritage. His peculiar world and the worship of the eternal comprehensive beauty of the universe, admiration for the miracle of being, unity with nature have no analogues in the history of music.

Born in the Novgorod province, in the family tradition became a maritime officer, a lot of European countries and two Americas went on a warship. Music education first received from the mother, then taking private lessons from Pianist F. Kanill. And again thanks to M.A. Balakirev, the organizer of the "mighty bunch", which introduced Roman Corsakov to the musical community and influenced his work, the world did not lose the talented composer.

The central place in the legacy of the Roman Corsakov is operas - 15 works that demonstrate the diversity of genre, stylistic, dramaturgical, composite solutions of the composer, nevertheless having a special handwriting - with all wealth of the orchestral component, the mains are melodic vocal lines.

Two main directions are distinguished by the creativity of the composer: the first is the Russian history, the second is the world of fairy tales and epic, for which he got the nickname "Fabank".

In addition to the direct self-creative activity, N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov is known as a publicist, the compiler of the collections of folk songs, to which he showed great interest, as well as the end of his friends - Dargomyzhsky, Mussorgsky and Borodin. Roman Korsakov was the creator of a composer school, as a teacher and head of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, he released about two hundred composers, conduits, musicologists, among them Prokofiev and Stravinsky.

Quote about the composer:"Roman Korsakov was a very Russian man and a very Russian composer. I believe that this is his original Russian essence, his deep folk-Russian basis today should be especially valued. " Mstislav Rostropovich

Fact about composer: The first lesson of counterpoint Nikolai Andreevich began like this:

- Now I will talk a lot, and you will listen very carefully. Then I will speak less, and you will listen and think, and finally, I will not talk at all, and you will think of your head and work yourself, because my task as a teacher - to become you unnecessary ...

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The XIX and twentieth century gave the world a lot of great Russian composers who united the elegance of European musical art with the magic and the identity of folk melodies. In this article we will talk about the best musical authors. Do you know about what great Russian composers glorified their homeland? It will be about their difficult, and sometimes tragic destinies, devotion to his beloved business.

Top 10 Great Russian Composers

Who won the title of the most famous musical authors? The list of 10 Great Russian composers of the 19th and 20th century includes:

• Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich;
• Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov;
• Tchaikovsky Peter Ilyich;
• Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin;
• Borodin Alexander Porfiryevich;
• Vertinsky Alexander;
• Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov;
• Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich.

XIX century is a surge period in the musical life of society. Seven-mile steps develop ballet and opera. In fashion, instrumental plays and romances. Many are interested in folklore. Then we will discuss what great Russian composers made the greatest contribution to the development of the musical culture of the 19th century. Let's talk about the most prominent details.

Our list of great Russian composers is headed by Glinka. Mikhail grew in the period of the Patriotic War and with young nails penetrated the people's heroic topics in music.

Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka was born in 1804 in the Smolensk province in the family of the retired captain. The mother of the future composer was almost not engaged in the upbringing of the Son, since the power of Fekla Aleksandrovna completely took this role. She picks up a kid to himself. Her guardian makes a sidier, a very painful and vulnerable child. In 1810, Aleksandrovna fecles did not become, Mikhail returns to the family of parents.

Music childhood composer

Little Misha early understood his calling. He was in love with the music from the diaper. And it is not surprising. The house where he grew was constantly filled with her, like fresh air. The family constantly came to the family, which were musicated. Misha often listened to the fortress orchestra.

Later, he began to study the game on the violin and on the piano, but most of all loved to just listen to music. He closed his eyes, she worn him far beyond the horizons. Little Michael called her his soul. Teachers often reproached Glinka in scattered, especially often this happened after the music evenings, which took place in the father's house.

Strict governess

Mikhail and his sister had a governess of Varvara Fedorovna Klummer. High young girl 20 years old. She was brought up in a Smolny monastery. It was very strict and conscientious. Young teacher taught Glinka spelling, German, French, geography. He taught to play the piano and on the violin.

The child received excellent preparation and at 13 years old have been taken to the St. Petersburg Noble Pension at the Pedagogical Institute. Michael and then lucky with teachers. His governer and mentor became a lyceum friend Pushkin - Wilhelm Karlovich Kühehelbecker.

Having finished the boarding house, the glint is only strengthened in the opinion that the music is his vocation. He begins to perform in the salons. Does not stop self-education. He studies the history of Western European musical art.

• string septo;
• rondo for orchestra;
• works for harp and piano;
• orchestra overtures.

Glinka is lucky with a circle of communication. It included:

• Pushkin;
• Zhukovsky;
• Griboedov;
• ODOevsky;
• Mitskevich;
• Delvig.

Personal life

In the matters of the Great Russian, the Glinka composer was not very happy. In 1833, he takes Maria Ivanov's wife. In 1838, he meets and falls in love with Catherine Curne. She remains his muse until the end of life.

Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov

Years of life: from 1844 to 1908. The life path began in the city of Tikhvina Novgorod province. His family belonged to the noble class. In the family of Roman-Korsakov, two sons were brought up with a very big difference in age. The elder brother Nicholas - the warrior Andreevich - was older for 22 years! Naturally, Roman-Korsakov's firstborn had a huge impact on his brother.

Love for music

The fate of the child from an early age was predetermined - he should have become a military. But the father was engaged in the musical education of the boy. At 6 years, Nikolai has already played the piano perfectly well, and in 9 years he became interested in the composition and composed the first work.

Love Nicholas

In his personal life, he was happy. He married once and lived in a happy marriage with his wife to the end of his life. I met a couple in the house of Dargomyzhsky, where the whole musical elite was going. The future wife of the Roman Corsakov, Nadezhda Nikolaevna Purgold, was a talented pianist.

Three children were born in the family of musicians. Senior Son - Mikhail. He grew up and became a zoologist and forester. Average - Sofia, she became an opera singer. Junior - Andrei - Musician and Doctor of Philosophy.

Works of the Great Russian Composer:

• "First Symphony";
• "Snow Maiden";
• "Sadko";
• "Spanish Capricchio";
• "The Tale of Tsar Saltan";
• "Mozart and Salieri";
• suite "Shehherazada".

Tchaikovsky Peter Ilyich

1. The future composer has already played the piano in five years. At seven years, the child began to compose poems.
2. Parents of the Great Russian composer wanted him to be a lawyer. At 19, he comes to the service at the Ministry of Justice, but leaves from there. He feels his calling in music and enters the Conservatory in St. Petersburg
3. The great Russian composer Tchaikovsky still adolescent is fond of alcohol and smokes. Harmful habits stayed with him for life.
4. Peter Ilyich wrote 10 operas, but 2 burned.
5. Only two weeks in his life Tchaikovsky performed the role of her husband. At 37, he married a student Antonine Milyukova. Soon the couple understood that he had made a mistake, they were separated. The circumstances have developed such that they could not officially divorce.

The composer was the son of a French soldier, who, after the defeat of the Napoleonic troops in 1812, did not return to his homeland to France. Kyu followed the footsteps of the Father and left the same big imprint in a military case as on a musical field.

Facts from the life of Kyu:

1. Another member of the "mighty bunch".
2. He trained the wisdom of the military of Nicholas II.
3. Friends called him "General Music."
4. Had 10 orders for achievements in fortification.
5. He was famous in his time critic. Did not love Mozart and Mendelssohn.
6. Helped to finish musical works (operas) Mussorgsky and Dargomyzhsky.

The works that Caesar glorified:

• "Stone Guest";
• "Mateo Falcone";
• "Little Red Riding Hood";
• "Puss in Boots";
• "Ivan the Fool".
• "William Ratcliffe."

Alexander Nikolaevich Scriabin

Born on January 6, 1872. The family lived in Moscow and belonged to the old nobility. Pope Sasha was a diplomat, and the mother is a talented pianist. Unfortunately, barely kid turned a year, she fell ill with tuberculosis and died.

Father had no opportunity to be near his son, because he carried out a diplomatic mission in Persia. The boy was brought up sister father and grandmother.

It was the aunt who instilled in Alexander Skryabina love for music. At the age of five, he played perfectly on the piano, and at 8 he began to compose his own small works. He also showed poetic talent: began writing poems and multi-acting tragedies.

To learn Alexander was sent to the Cadet Corps. Here he continued to occupy music. After the Military School, he entered the conservatory, and in 1892 she successfully finished it.

After graduating from study, he begins to tour in Europe and he appears the first fans. He visits:

• Berlin;
• Dresden;
• Genhange;
• Lucerne.

The audience refers to it favorably. Critics write flattering reviews about the charm of Slavic music.

In 1897, he marries Pianist faith Isakova. She was a graduate of the Moscow Conservatory. Unfortunately, after 7 years, their family boat suffers collapse, they are bred.

Interesting facts from the life of the composer:

1. He was an opponent Rakhmaninov, although they mastered the music lettering together.
2. Alexander adored sunny baths. Work tried mainly under affectionate rays.
3. It was very demanding in terms of hygiene, but in the fatal coincidence of circumstances died from Asprix. The reason was the usual injection on the lip.
4. Alexander Nikolaevich invented the colorwoman.