Hard truth about war ("Sotnikov", "badge of trouble"). An essay on the topic: "War - tough there is no word"! What troubles ordered people war

"The insidious fate of a person who interrupted in the war" - this phrase completes V. Bulls about the fisherman. Fate is an irresistible power of circumstances and how much at the same time depends on the person. The question is naturally arising: why in the same circumstances one of the two partisans turned out to be a traitor?

Fisherman is not angry, masked for the time before the time man; Much in it causes sympathy, and not because we initially did not recognize his true face, but because he really has many advantages. He is characterized by a sense of partnership. He sincerely sympathizes to the Sotnik's broken; Noticing that he would be frozen in her overcoat and in a pilot, gives his towel to at least make a neck. It is divided with him the remnants of his portion with a parenchy rye - it's not so little, because they have long been sitting in a squad on a hungry soldering. And in battle, under the fire, the fisherman was not a coward, behaved decent. How happened that the fisherman, it seems to be a coward and not a sandpaper, becomes a traitor and participates in the execution of his comrade?

In the consciousness of the fisherman there is no clear boundary between moral and immoral. Cap captivity, he is irritating about the "hard-hard" stubbornness of Sotnikov, about some principles that he will not want to come true. Being with everyone, in the ranks, he conscientiously follows the usual rules of behavior in war, deeply without thinking about life or death. Faced one on one with inhuman circumstances, it turns out to be spiritually and ideologically not prepared for severe moral testing.

If there was no choice between life and death for Sotnikov, then for the fisherman, the main thing is to survive at any cost. Sotnikov thought only about how to die decently, since there was no possibility to survive. The fisherman is chittitis, removes, deceives itself and as a result, gives enemies its position. Egoist, it is endowed with an instinctive sense of self-preservation. He believes that in a minute, everyone thinks only about himself, and he has no matter to anyone. Let's follow his behavior before he and Sotnikov captured.

In a shootout with policemen, the fisherman decided to leave one - "Sotnikov no longer save," and when the shootout subsided, he thought about the fact that, apparently, everything was already over, and only after some time I realized that it was impossible to leave - What will he say in the forest, in the detachment? Not about salvation, Sotnikova thought, at that moment, when he returned for him, but only about himself.

Being in captivity, he vaguely feels that he has some chance to safely get out of this alterations, but he will be able to take advantage of it, only by unleising his hands, that is, separating his fate from the fate of the partner. It was the first step towards his fall. And here is his last step. Four dead Heroian death are swinging on the gallows, and the empty fifth loop of the new hemp rope slowly swings on them - a strong and visible image.

And even now the fisherman does not understand what he did: where does he? He only pulled out a chubban from under the foot of Sotnikov. And then by order of the police. Even now he does not understand that, having decided at any cost to "get around fate", "turn out", he acts himself only at one thing - to betrayal. He tells himself, convincing himself that he needs to survive to fight the enemy. And only seeing hatred and fear in the eyes of the locals, he feels that he has nowhere to run. The story of the fisherman ends with an unsuccessful attempt of suicide, after which reconciliation comes with betrayal.

Biographical reference about V. Bull.

Vasily Vladimirovich Bykov was born in 1924 in the peasant family at Vitibschin. Before the war he studied at the Vitebsk Art School. When the war began, the bulls studied at the Saratov infantry school of accelerated release. A nineteen-year-old junior lieutenant goes to the front. He participates in many military operations, and he had to survive a lot. This is evidenced by such a fact: on Obelisk, one of the fraternal graves under Kirovograd in the long list of the dead is his last name. He saved from death by chance: being severely wounded, crawling out of the hut, which, after a few minutes, demolished fascist tanks. Bykov on the territory of Ukraine, Belarus, Romania, Hungary, Austria. It was wounded twice. Demobilized only in 1955. Collaborate in Belarus newspapers.

The first stories V. Bykov not about the war, but about the post-war life of rural youth: "Happiness", "at night", "Frusa". In years, he creates the first military stories and remains a faithful military topic in subsequent works: "Crane Creek" (1959), Alpine Ballad (1963), "Western" (1964), "Sotnikov" (1970), "Obelisk" (1972), "Wolf Flying" (1974), "badge of trouble" (1984).

For the story "Obelisk" and "live to dawn" V. Bykov was awarded the State Prize of the USSR. In 1984, the writer was awarded the title Hero of Labor.

In recent years, the writer turned to the topic of the dramatic thirties. The tale of the "cloud" refers to such works.

In the works of V. Bykov on war along with the theme of moral origins, the struggle exists still a motive for humanity tests. Through such a test, Heroes V. Bykov take place at the turn between life and death. For a writer it is very important to find out what the moral qualities of our people, with such a force that manifested themselves in a fierce fight.

Sotnikov began to fight the very first days. The first battle was the last thing for him in the sense that he was captured. Then escape, again captive, again escape. In the persistent desire to escape from captivity, determination, strength, courage of the character of Sotnikov is felt. After a successful escape of the Sotnikov falls into the partisan detachment. Here he manifests itself like a brave, decisive partisan. Once he stayed in a cover with a fisherman when their squad was touched by punishers. In battle, Sotnikov saves life fisherman. After that, they were eating from one knife together ... Sick Sotnikov goes to the next task together with the fisherman while two healthy guerrilla refuse. To the question of a perplexed fisherman, why he agrees to go to the task, the Sotnikov answers: "Therefore, he did not refuse that others refused."

Already at the beginning of the story, the audacious contrast between the strong, energetic, lucky fisherman and silent, sick, sullenly sockets are scheduled. The gloomy, awkward unsticiable centurifs is not immediately and does not just conquer our respect and sympathy. And even sometimes at first there is some dislike for him: why did he, the patient, went to this task and only rolls the actions of the fisherman? There are in the Sotnik and the coachaly categorical, which at another time and in other conditions may be not good.

Here is one of these episodes of the story. Sotnikov and fisherman in search of food went to the excretion to the old Peter. Sotnikova does not touch the sympathy of the old age, who has noticed that he is sick, nor her visible kind.

He had a case when the same as if the woman was "seemingly simplicity itself, with a prudent face, in a white handkerchief on the head," as V. Bykov describes her, just scolding Germany and offered to eat, sent at this time for the police, And he barely feet taken. From excessive gullibility, Sotnikova looked off the war. Therefore, from the food, drinks offered to him in this house, he categorically refuses.

L. Lazarev in the book "Vasil Bykov". The sketch of creativity believes that in such behavior, the Sotnikova manifests the logic of his character: to accept someone's help for him - it means to commit itself to pay off the same, and he does not want good people who were tied with enemies. Then, in the basement from Politsaev, he learns how and why Peter became an old-age, he would understand that he was wrong in relation to this old man, which one cannot judge a person only on his external behavior.

The feeling of guilt, remorse of conscience will not give him peace. He will try to harm the headman and all others, before which he considers himself guilty. But the exception that he did for the headman, having learned the truth, did not cherish his overall solid and uncompromising position: he is convinced - it is only worth stretching the fascists finger, and will have to serve them. He pulled in himself everything that could turn into weakness. It made it difficult, but the time was hard.

Do not be a burden for others, always demand from yourself more than from others - it will follow these principles strictly.

How did it happen that the centuries and the fisherman were captured? Many asked: why in the attic when the police heard cough Sotnikov, he did not rise first? Maybe it would save fisherman. He, hawkening, was waiting for the centuries will rise, and his police will not notice. The logic of the character of Sotnikova is such that he is capable of self-sacrifice. But, first, he was sick and he had a slow reaction, otherwise he would shoot the enemies, secondly, he was not from those who first give up. Sotnikov prefers death when it does not find strength for resistance.

Sotnikova first take on the interrogation, reading that he will quickly give information, as it is physically weak. But the hero V. Bykov does not justify the hopes of the police, he is silent even under torture.

On the last night of the life of Sotnikov, childhood memories are seized. Bykov in many of their works addressed the childhood of heroes and shows the direct connection of the past with the present. Childhood episodes Sotnikova and Fisherman at first glance do not foreshadow their behavior in extreme situations of captivity. The fisherman saves the life of children, the Sotnikov first lies his father, then with difficulty admits that he, without permission, secretly took the fatherly Mauser and shot him. The fisherman makes his children's feat without thinking, instinctively, relying on his physical strength. FALSE Sotnikova Father has become a lesson for him to the whole life of the Muk. Sotnikova does not sleep a moral feeling, he strictly judges himself and keeps the answer before his conscience. Sotnikov lived and fought for people, sought to make everything for them, which was in his power. It is not by chance in the last minutes of life, standing with the loop on the neck, the centuries wanted to see people. After caught the look of a slender pale boys in Budenovka, he, realizing how unbearably a child's sight of execution, finds strength to support him. He smiled at the boy with his eyes in his eyes - "Nothing marks." Probably will never forget the boy of the partisan's smile facing him, as the Sotnikov himself did not forget the feat of the gray colonel when he was in captivity. So bulls in this work emphasize that courage and heroism do not disappear without a trace, but are transmitted from generation to generation.

The main thing for Sotnikov - to leave the life "according to conscience, with a person inherent in dignity," as the bull writes about it. He dies not in battle, but in martial arts with a police car, with his own physical weakness. He remained a man in inhuman circumstances. And this is his feat, its moral climb, opposing the fall of the fisherman.

The author and his heroes help us to understand the origins of the mass heroism of our people in a brutal battle with fascism. Sotnikov stood up a terrible test and showed its maturity, ideological and moral. That is why the centuries have tremendous importance in this story.

This story was lucky in its own way more than others. About how she arose, in response to multivalued questions and requests of readers, he was told by the writer himself in the article, which is called "how the tale of" Centulties "was created.

It turns out that the idea is suggested by the real fate of the man, whom Lieutenant Vasil Bulls met on his front-road roads, and the meeting with him was for a long time in memory, for many years it won consciousness, until he reflected in the plot, did not sprout in ideas and images

This happened in August 1944 at the height of the famous Yas-Chisinau operation. Soviet troops broke through the defense, surrounded the large grouping of the Nazis. Driving in those days by the Romanian village, where many unfamiliar persons, suddenly saw the face of a person who seemed familiar to him. The peer also delayed his eyes with a rejected look, and in the next instant Vasil Bykov recognized the former single-panel, who had long been considered dead. As it turned out now, he did not die, and the wounded hit the Hitler's concentration camp. In the horrific terms of the captivity, he did not find strength for resistance and struggle and, wanting to survive by anything, consciously went to a temporary, of course, a temporary deal with conscience. After posting in the Vlasov army, he consoled himself with the hope of running to his at a convenient moment. The day after the day, the man, at first, without guilt, was to blame, fucked in apostasy, took over all the growing time of betrayal. As they say, do not hurt anything: such is the logic of fascism, who, grabbing his sacrifice for a little finger, will not stop until it swallows it entirely. Thus, V. Bulls formulated an instructive lesson to the human destiny he discarded him, who later led to the writer's awareness of the moral idea, which laid the mainstream of the "Centulties".

"Sotnikov" is the ninth story of V. Bykov, but in a number of others preceding the leaders, it takes a special place.

Lesson - Seminar on the Tale of V. Bykov "Sotnikov".

The purpose of the lesson: Track the stages of the creative path of the writer at the lesson; Features of his creativity; consider the moral problems set in the Tag "Centulties"; develop the ability to independently analyze the artwork; Development of logical thinking and monologic speech.

Equipment: Portrait of a writer, exhibition of books: V. Bykov "Alpine Ballad", "Obelisk", "Sotnikov", "live to dawn", works of other writers about the war.

Preliminary preparation for the lesson:

1. The activity is a consultation on which the main features of the creative personality of V. Bykova, based on the works read earlier.

The purpose of the consultation: Prepare students to independently analyze Test V. Bytnikov.

2. To analyze the Tale of "Centulties", written questionnaires were held, finding out the opinion of students about the read.

Questions questionnaire:

The questionnaires were used in the introductory word of the teacher, in the reports and during the dispute.

3. Individual consultation of the two main speakers who have considered the motives of Sotnikov and Fisherman's behavior.

4. Questions to the interview during the seminar.

Whether the final was waiting for such a finale, could it foresee that the fate of heroes would be completed?

What are the writer's ideas about heroism and heroic personality?

How is the question of the continuity of generations in the works "live to dawn", "Obelisk", "Sotnikov"?

What moral problems solves the writer, turning to the topic of the Great Patriotic War?

What artistic techniques most often use the author in the story of "Centulties"?

What do you see the main features of V. Bykov's creativity?

5. Biographical certificate of writer.

6. The history of the creation of the Tag "Centulties" (message).

Seminar plan.

one). Org. moment.

2) the entrance word of the teacher.

Vasil Bulls is one of the writers, faithful military subjects. He writes about the war as an eyewitness, as a person who has experienced and bittering defeats, and the severity of losses and loss, and the joy of victory.

Biographical reference about the writer (student's performance).

V. Bykov writes about war so that no one leaves anyone indifferent. Said about the work of V. Bykov the following: " V. Bykov is a writer of acouted moral consciousness, from his leader blows pain and burning, they, as it were, burn out in their impatience of an immediate response, immediate permission of the situation. Their move is uncompromising to any oscillation, to any extension of the hour of choice. Yes, and this hour is most often not an hour, and a minute of moments, in which the hero should stand on the other side: to the side of evil or to the side of good. Each oscillation under these conditions is the apostasy, retreat, moral fall. "

Today we are talking about the story of "Sotnikov".

History of creating a story (student's performance).

As the questionnaires showed, many of you have any questions in which we will try to figure out. In my works, you noted one feature of the works of V. Bykov: the writer is interested in the brutal-harsh test, which each of his heroes should pass: Can he not spare himself to fulfill his duty, his duties of a citizen and a patriot?

Bykov is simple at first glance, but through their characters some important features of the People's War are revealed. Therefore, although the writer is usually only a few episodes in the center of the writer, the action is usually focused on a small section of space and is closed in a brief temporary length and only two to three hero have been acting, the scale of the nationwide battle is felt behind them, which is solved by the fate of the Motherland.

V. Bykov depicts war as a cruel and merciless test of the inner essence of people. Her moral lessons should help us deal with our issues today. War and was such a test of a person on the strength of ideological and moral. About this and tell us the images of Sotnikov and Fisherman.

2. Listening and discuss students' reports.

Report on the Sotnikov - "Private National Made" (V. Bykov).

The report on the fisherman is "the insidious fate of the person who interrupted in the war" V. Bykov).

OUTPUT: In criticism there was a concept - the "Bykovsky Hero". This is the "ordinary nationwide feat", as the author itself determines. Such in the story is centuries.

3. Conversation on issues.

Why in the same circumstances the centuries hooked up to the feat, and the fisherman moally died?

(Details-symbols, internal monologues, childhood episodes).

What are the person and circumstances in their interaction in the works of V. Bykov?

The word of the teacher.

Today we appeal to the heroes V. Bykov with the question "How to live?" We want to hear the answer from them who saw it. We look at their faces, blinded by time, and say: "We would like to be with you." Because they knew what they did. And they did not have something to choose from. When it began, they went to meet him and did that they could. Now we think that I would do in the same way. And sometimes it seems to us that they were easier, because they had no choice. Egoously envy them, we forget that only one who has been there can envy.

There, in war ...

4. Written work.

Drawing up the abstracts reflecting the peculiarities of V. Bykov on the war.

The main topic of the leader is the war.

The main problem of creativity is moral and philosophical: a person in inhuman circumstances, overcoming the limited physical possibilities of the power of the Spirit.

In criticism there was a concept - the "Bykovsky Hero". This is the "ordinary nationwide feat", as the author itself determines.

The situation in which the heroes of the writer, extreme, alternative, tragic, affect the character.

The action is usually focused on a small area of \u200b\u200bspace and is closed in a brief temporal length, most often it is one day.

The product of the work is characterized by deep picture and philosophicity.

From artistic techniques, the most commonly used by the author of the details symbols (road, field, empty loop on the gallows), internal monologues of the heroes, childhood episodes ...

5. Outcome lesson.

Public lesson

literature:

MOU "Novo-Nikolaev School"

V. Bykov "Sotnikov".

Questions questionnaire:

What are your impressions about the heroes of the story V. Bykov "Sotnikov"?

Why in the same circumstances the centuries hooked up to the feat, and the fisherman moally died?

Is the moral revival of the fisherman?

What questions would you like to discuss?

Questions to the interview.

Whether the final was waiting for such a finale, could they foresee what exactly the fate of heroes end?

Is the moral revival of the fisherman? Is the fisherman fairly to blame in the fact that "He did not leave the" last hope of a miracle "to the tight feeling of trouble.

Why in the same circumstances the centuries hooked up to the feat, and the fisherman moally died?

What artistic techniques most often use the author in the work?

Is the problem of negotiable?

Problem: Man in inhuman circumstances, overcoming limited physical abilities of the power of the Spirit.

What are the person and circumstances in their interaction in the works of V. Bykov?

What are the writer's ideas about heroism and heroic personality?

How is the question of the continuity of generations in the works of V. Bykov "Obelisk" and "Sotnikov"?

What moral problems is solved by V. Bykov, turning to the topic of the Great Patriotic War?

War is one of the most terrible phenomena in the world. War is pain, fear, tears, hunger, cold, captivity, loss of houses, loved ones, friends, and sometimes a whole family.

Recall the blockade of Leningrad. People fell from hunger and dying. All animals were eaten in the city. And on the front, someone's fathers, husbands, sons, brothers fought on the front.

Many men died during the war and at this black time grew the number of non-trap and widows. Especially scary when a woman surviving war learns that her son or sons died and never return home again. This is a huge grief for the mother, and I would not bear this.

Many people returned with the war with disabilities. But after the war, such an accuracy was considered good luck, because a person did not die, and many as I said died! But what was such people? Blind to know that they will never see the sky, the sun, the face of friends. Great to know that they will not hear the singing of birds, shellest grass and voice sister or beloved. Nude understand that they will no longer stand up and will not feel hard with their feet. Bevelless to understand that they will never be able to take a child in their hands and hug it!

And the worst all those who remain alive and runs away from the creepy captivity after torture, will never be able to smile a truly happy smile, and most will deal with to show their feelings and will wear a mask on the face.

But after the war, ordinary people realize how to breathe full of breasts perfectly, there is warm bread and raise children.

Reviews

Anastasia, now I read you, and realized that you reflected very relevant always, but especially in our troubled time, the topic is trouble and the braid of mankind. He touched, thank you for a good promise. Good luck in creativity.

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The theme of the Great Patriotic War of Sta-La for many years one of the main in the Litera Fatar of the XX century. There are a lot of reasons for this. This is the incredit awareness of those of those irreplaceable losses that the war brought the war, this is the sharpness of the moral collie, which is possible only in the extremal situation (and the events of the war are those are taiga and are!). In addition, any truthful word about modernity was expelled from the counselor of the literature for a long time, and the topic of war remained sometimes the only island of authenticity in the flow of Nag-Manna, fake prose, where all the con flits, according to the "Over" instructions, were to Reflect only the struggle is good with the best. But the truth about the war probassed was not easy, something pretended to say it to the end.

"War is a nasty human nature," Lion wrote Tolstoy, and we, of course, agree with this approval, because the war brings pain, fear, blood, tears. War is a test for a person.

The problem of moral choices of a hero in the war is characteristic of all creativity V. Bykov. It is put in almost all its poses: the "Alpine Balland", "Both Lisk", "Sotnikov", the "badge" and others. In the story of Bykov, the "Centulties" emphasized the essence of genuine and imaginary ge-root, which is a storyline Collie of the work.

There are not representatives of the two different worlds in the story, but the people of one country. Heroes of the Tale - Sotnikov and Fisherman - in ordinary, peaceful, conditions, perhaps, would not show their true nature. But during the war, the centurists with honor passes through heavy tests and takes death, without renounced from his convictions, and the fisherman in the face of death changes his beliefs, betrays his homeland, saving his life, which after betrayal loses all the price. It actually becomes a ne-rom. He is part of the world, alien to us, where the personal well-being is placed above all, where fear for his life makes kill and betray. In the face of death, a person is obliged to be so, what it really is. Here the depth of his belief is checked, his civil resistance.

Going to the task, they react differently to the upcoming danger, and can be more prepared for a pilot than a sick-sick, sick of centuries. But if the fisherman, who all his life "managed to find some way out," is internally ready for betrayal, then the Sotnikov until the last respiratory remains the right duty of man and a citizen. "Well, it was necessary to collect the last forces in myself, so that with dignity to meet death ... Otherwise, why then life? Slash-com, she is not easy for a person to do without carefully applies to her end. "

In the story of Bykov, each character was in a row of victims of his place. Everything except the fisherman passed their way to the end. Fisherman became on the path of betrayal only in the name of salvation of his own life. The passionate desire of the fisherman to live in any way the investigator-traitor and, almost without informing, fisherman stubbornly: "Save life. You will serve God-Koi Germany. " The fisherman has not yet agreed to go to the police, and he was already eliminated from the Pych. The fisherman did not want to die and something you chatted the investigator. Sotnikov lost consciousness during torture, but did not say anything. The police are depicted in stupid and cruel, the investigator - the tricky and the same cruel.

Sotnikov reconciled with death, he would like to die in battle, although he understood that it was impossible in his situation. The only one that he had remained, to determine the attitude towards people who had a row-home. Before the execution of the Sotnikov demanded the investigator and stated: "I am guerrilla, Os-Talnyh, and". The investigator at the same way to bring the fisherman, and he agreed to enter the police. The fisherman tried to kill him, that he was not a traitor and was Nago-Roen on escape.

In the last minutes of the life of the Sotnikov neo-wonderedly lost their confidence in the right to demand from other of the same as he demands from himself. The fisherman became not bastard for him, but just a seniine, who, as a citizen and a person, did not have something. Sotnikov did not seek sympathy in the crowd surrounding the places of execution. He did not want a bad do-Mali about him, and was angry only on the duties of the executioner of the fisherman. Fisherman Sorry: "Sorry, Brother." - "Go to hell!" - The answer follows.

What happened to the fisherman? He did not overcome the fate of the man who worked in the war. He sincerely wanted to hang. But the circumstances were prevented, and there was a chance to survive. But how to survive? The police chief believed that "picked up another traitor." It is unlikely that the police chief understood that the Creative, but the Sotnikova, who was shocked by an example of this man, was crystal and fulfilled the human duty and a citizen to the end. On-Challnik saw the future fisherman in serving invaders. But the writer left him the possibility of a different way: the continuation of the struggle of the ravine, the possible recognition in his pa-Denia comrades and ultimately - is-borrowing guilt.

The work is imbued with thought about life and death, about human debt and humanism, which are incompatible with the Luzhi manifestation of egoism. In-depth psychological analysis of each act and gesture of heroes, fleeting thought or replica is one of the strongest parties to the Total Sotnikov.

Pope presented the writer V. Bykov for the story of "Centulties" a special prize of the Catholic Church. This fact suggests which universal, moral beginning is seen in this product. The huge moral power of Sotnikova is that he managed to take the suffering for his people, to preserve faith, not to succumb to that low thought, which was not resistant to the fisherman.

1941, the year of military testing, pre-marked the terrible 1929 year of the "great fracture", when they were not noticed for the elimination of "catche-owner", as all the best in the peasantry was destroyed. In fact came 1937. One of the first attempts to say the truth about the war was the message of Vasil Bykov "Badge of Bad". This story has become the stage in the work of the Belarusian writer. She was previously preceded by the already classic "Obelisk", the same "honeycomb", "live to dawn" and others after the "badge of trouble" the work of the writer gains a new breath, deepens to historicism. This applies primarily for such products, as "in the fog", "clouds".

In the center of the story "Badge" - a man in war. Not always a person goes to war, she sometimes comes to his house, as it happened with two Belarusian old men, peasants Stepanida and Petrakom Bogatko. The farmers on which they live, occupy-van. In the estate are policemen, and for them the Germans. V. Bykov does not show them intend, but benship. They just come to someone else's house and are located there as the owner of Ba, following the idea of \u200b\u200btheir Fuhrera, that anyone who is not Arian is not a man, in his house you can teach full ruin, and the inhabitants themselves can perceive as a working cattle. And so for them there was an unexpected failure of Stepanida to obey unquestionably. Do not afford to humiliate - this is the source of resistance to this elder woman in a dramatic situation. Stepanida is a strong character. Human dignity is the main thing that drives it actions. "For his difficult life, she still knew the truth and for crumbs found her human-thoughts. And the one who once had a person who had a man would never be a cattle, "so writes V. Bulls about her heroine. At the same time, the writer is not a pro-hundred paints this character to us, - he is sinking about his origins.

It is necessary to think about the meaning of the name of the story - "badge of trouble." This is a quotation from the poem of A. Tvardovsky, written in 1945: "Before the war, as if in the sign of the misfortune ..." What was going on before the war in the village, it became the "sign of trouble", which W. writes Bulls. Stepanida Bogatko, who "Six years, without regretting himself, died in the bars," believed in a new life, one of the first was chosen in the collective farm - no wonder it was called her rural activist. But soon she realized that there was no of the truth she was looking for and waiting for, in this new life. When they began to demand new degradation, in order to diverge in indulgence to the class enemy, it was she, Stepanida, throws angry words to an unfamiliar man in black co-godke: "But justice is not needed? You, smart people, don't you see what does, smiling? " More than once, a stepadide is trying to intervene in the course of the case, to interfere with the arrest, part of the left denunciation of Levon, from-to rule the Petro in Minsk with the right to chair the CEC. And every time its resistance is not true to a deaf wall.

Unable to change the situation into single-ku, Stepanida finds the opportunity to keep the thread itself, his inner feeling of spra-wardness, move away from what is happening around: "Do what you want. But without me. " The source of the character of Stepanida is not that it was a collective farm activist in the pre-war years, but in the fact that he managed not to succumb to universal to be deceived, words about a new life, fear * managed to listen to himself, go for his everress of truth and Save in the CE-BE Human beginning. And during the war years, all this determined her behavior.

In the final, the story of Stepanid dies, but he dies, without having resigned up with fate, it opposes her to the last. One of the critics noticed ironically, "there was a ve-lyric damage caused by the Stepanida Army of the Enemy." Yes, the visible material damage is not great. But the other is infinitely important: the Stepanida proves his death that she is a person, and not the working beam, which can be construed, humiliate, to force. In resistance, violence is exhibiting that the power of the character of the heroine, which refute even death, shows a chief, how many people can, even E E E E E E E E E E E E E E EIND, even if he is in hopeless SI-Tuitsa.

Next to Stepanida Petrk - the direct opposite of her, he, in any case, is completely different, not active, but rather a timid and peaceful, ready to make a compromise. The infinite patience of the Petro is based on a deep conviction that it is possible to negotiate with people. And only in Kon-Tset, this peaceful person, having exhausted the whole stock of his patience, is solved on a protest, outdoor reversal. Violence and win-dyouls to recall. Such Du-Shi depths reveals an unusual, extreme situation in this person.

The folk tragedy, shown in the V. Bykova, "Badge" and "Sotnikov", reveals the origins of genuine human characters. The writer continues to do to this day, the truth that can not be not said from the sour-briggles of his memory.

The writing

War is a mountain, tears. She knocked in every house, brought trouble: Mothers lost
his sons, wives - husbands, children remained without fathers. Thousands of people passed through the burning of the war, tested terrible torments, but they survived and won. Won in the most severe of all wars suffered by so far humanity. And those who are still those people who defended their homeland in the hardest battles.

The war in their memory pops up the most terrible memory. But she also reminds them of perseverance, courage, dismalness of spirit, friendship and loyalty. Many writers passed this terrible war. Many of them died, got heavy injuries, many survived on the light of the tests. That is why they still write about the war, which is why again and reiterate that it has become not only their personal pain, but also the tragedy of all generation. They simply can't leave life without warning people about the danger that the oblivion of the lessons of the past.

My favorite writer - Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev. I like many of his works: "Battalions are asking for fire", "shore", "the last salts", and most of all "hot snow", which tells about a military episode. In the center of the novel - the battery, in front of which task is set: at any cost, do not miss the enemy moving towards Stalingrad. This fight may decide the fate of the front, and therefore the order of General Bessonova is grozen: "Neither step back! And knock the tanks. To stand and forget about death! Do not think about it under any circumstances. " And the fighters understand it. We see the commander who, in an ambitious desire to grab the MiG of Good luck, is circumscribed on the faithful death of people subordinate to him. He forgot that the right to dispose of the life of others in the war is the right and dangerous.

The commanders lies great responsibility for the fate of people, the country entrusted them to them their lives, and they must do everything possible so that there are no vain losses, because everyone is fate. And this brightly showed M. Sholokhov in his story "The Fate of Man". Andrei Sokolov, like millions of people, went to the front. Had and traged was his way. Forever will remain in his soul, memories of the camp of prisoners of war B-14, where thousands of people of barbed wire were separated from the world, where there was a terrible struggle not just for life, for the Balant's bowler, and for the right to remain a person.

About man in war, Viktor Astafyev writes about his courage and persistence. He, who has passed the war, who has become disabled on it, in his works "Shepherd and Custlian", "modern pastoral" and others tells about the tragic fate of the people, about what had to be survived to him in difficult front-old years.

Young lieutenant was at the beginning of the war Boris Vasilyev. His best works are about the war, about how a person remains a person, only fully fulfilling his duty. "There were no lists" and "and dawns here are quiet" - these are works of people who feel and carrying personal responsibility for the destiny of the country. Thanks to Vaskov and thousands of the same as he, and was won.

They all fought with the "Brown Chuma" not only for their loved ones, but also for their land, for us. And the best example of such a selfless hero - Nikolai Plugs in the story of Vasilyev "did not mean in the lists." In 1941, Plugs graduated from a military school and was aimed at passing service to the Brest Fortress. He arrived at night, and at dawn began war. Nobody knew him, he did not mean in the lists, because he did not have time to report his arrival. Despite this, he became a defender of the fortress along with the fighters that did not know, and they saw a real commander in it and performed his orders. Plugs fought with the enemy to the last cartridge. The only feeling that led them in this unequal battle with the fascists was a sense of personal responsibility for the fate of the Motherland, for the fate of the whole people. Even left alone, he did not stop the struggle, fulfilling the soldiers' duty to the end. When the fascists saw him, exhausted, exhausted, unarmed, they gave him honor, appreciating the courage and the resistance of the fighter. Much, amazingly a lot can make a person if he knows, in the name of what he is fighting for.

The theme of the tragic fate of Soviet people will never be exhausted in the literature. I do not want to repeat the horrors of war. Let the children grow peacefully, not frightening bomb explosions, let Chechnya will not happen again so that the mothers do not have to cry for the dead sons. Human memory keeps in itself the experience of many generations who lived before us, and the experience of everyone. "Memory is opposed to the time destroying time," said D. S. Likhachev. Let this memory and experience teach us good, peacefulness, humanity. And let none of us forget, who and how fought for our freedom and happiness. We are indebted before you, soldiers! And so far there are still thousands of unknown and on Pulkovsky altitudes under St. Petersburg, and in Dnipro Crooks near Kiev, and in Ladoga, and in the marshes of Belarus, we remember about every soldier who did not return from the war, remember which price he mined victory. Preserved for me and millions of my compatriots, culture, customs, traditions and faith of my ancestors.