Writing live and dead souls in the poem of Gogol Dead souls. Gogol "Dead Souls

The poem "Dead Souls" is a detailed review of the peculiarities and paradoxes of the Russian society, in which the author exaggested and exposes to show the vices and the destructive habits of landowners and officials of the first half of the XIX century. The name of the work of Nikolai Vasilyevich laid the "double" meaning: speaking of the dead souls, he meant not so much dead on the fact and existing on documents of serfs, but living heroes - landowners of empty, sales, nichal people.

Short retelling of the poem "Dead Souls"

Events witnessed the reader of the poems occur in the XIX century. Pavel Ivanovich's retired official of Chichikov arrives in a provincial town, so that the cunning to buy "dead souls" of fortresses from the local landlords. Chichiki is a fraudster, he is going to test the cunning asphar due to the shower existing on the paper only. First of all, a funeral has a local aristocracy to himself: he knew how to flatter in time and was causing everything with everyone, had a pleasant appearance and could support a conversation on any topic. Then, the prone delivers visits to landowners: a companion, plush, box, manil and nostril.

Each of them, besides a suspicious nostrouse, a fraudster manage to buy documents on dead peasants. Officials give good to the deal, but unexpectedly the landowner gives the box to Chichikov, told about the deal with him with his acquaintance. A wave of woven and indignation is rolled around the city - the charming visitors is a fake! Growing back, the prosecutor dies. Chichikov himself, having tripled, does not appear in the world for three days. The fact that he was painted, Chikchiku tells the nostril. The fraudster collects things supreme and leaves the hotel in which he stopped. At the departure from the city, he is found a funeral procession: the townspeople say goodbye to the prosecutor. Chichikova no one is trying to stop, and he hides in an unknown direction.

List of characters poem Gogol "Dead Souls"

Basic heroes:

• Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov - the main character, the college adviser, the official in resignation.
• Mr. Manilov - One of the landowners.
• Nastasya Petrovna Box - The only female landowner in the poem.
• Mr. Nozdrov - "BUY" landowner from the poem "Dead Souls"
• Mikhail Semenovich Sobevich - "clumsy" landowner.
• Stepan Plushkin - Wealthy, but internally "poor" landowner.

Officials:

• "Stupil" governor.
• Ivan Grigorievich - Chairman of the Chamber.
• Prosecutor of the city.
• Alexey Ivanovich - Politzmeister city N.
• Ivan Andreevich - City postmaster.

Other characters:

• Lackey Parsley - servant Chichikova.
• Kucher Selifan. - servant Chichikova.
• Foduodulia Ivanovna - Spouse of Sobesevich.
• Kurse Mikheev - Dead fortress Sobevich.
• Stepan Cork - Die Carpenter Sobevich.
• Mr. Mijuyev - Spouse sisters Nozdrov.
• Governor's daughter.
• Spouse of the governor.
• Captain Kopeikin - Beggar Russian officer.

Summary of the poem "Dead Souls" by chapters

What about the "Dead Souls" will be told to understand their summary. However, in the reduction, it is possible to only trace the plot of the poems and it is impossible to estimate the power of this great work of literature, which immerses in itself from the first lines to the last chapter.

Chapter 1. Chichikov arrives in the city n

Former official, in resignation, Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov decided to recharge the dishonest way, to fulfill the planned plan, he needed to choose the dead souls, that is, the documents on serfs, which are no longer alive. Chichiki instantly fascinates all provincial aristocracy, he is taken for a respected and enjoyable person. At the evening in the evening, the head of the city of Mr. Chichikov introduced to the landowners of Sobevich and Manilov. At the reception at the postmaster, the fraudster makes acquaintance with the landowner nostril.

Chapter II. Manor Manilov

A week later in N. Chichikov visits the village of Manilov's landowner. Gulling Manilaov gives chikchiku unnecessary (dead) souls free.

Chapter III. Overnight at the old woman boxes

Chichiki, heading for the Schemevich, lost and asked for a post to the landowner box. In the morning, he, with great difficulty, persuades the fearful old woman to give him her dead souls.

Chapter VI. Visit to Nozdrev

After leaving an incredulous box, Chichikov stops in a small restaurant to eat. This comes Nozdrov and his son-in-law Mijuev. Nozdrov calls Chichikov to visit. In his estate, a funeral is also trying to buy the dead souls, but the brown and harmful nostril refuses him. The gentlemen quarrels strongly, almost to the fight. Chichiki literally runs away from the estate of Nozdrov.

Chapter V. Treaty with Sobesevich

Going away from the nostril to the village of Sobachikov, Chichikov is faced with her brigade with the carriage of the ladies unknown to him. He notices the pretty blonde among them, and later it turns out that it was the daughter of the governor. In the estate of Koshikov, Chikchiki persuades the landowner to sell him the dead souls, and he agrees.

Chapter VI. Plushkin estate

It turns out that the greedy plush has a lot of dead shower. Peasants murut and run from a missed landowner. Plushkin sells the guest of the dead souls and it goes back to the city.

Chapter VII. Decoration of paper on dead souls

In the morning of the next day, chikchikov hurries to issue the necessary documents. On the way he comes across Manilov, in the ward they meet the Sobevich. Dating help a fraudster quickly sign paper, then he and officials go to the postmaster to mark a successful deal. After the celebration of Chichikov leaves to the hotel.

Chapter VIII. Garden Governor

The city of n buzzing, discussing the "rich" Chichikov, who has become so many peasants. No one knows that the soul acquired by them is dead. The chain is on the reception to the governor. There, he sees his daughter again, with which she accidentally crossed in Chapter V. Chichiki is trying to care for the girl, but she is not interested in his attention. Suddenly, the guests appears among the guests and begins to talk about buying

Chischikov dead shower. His words are taken for drunk nonsense. Chichiki is frightened and leaves ball. Soon the box arrives in the city, which is divided with his familiar story about the sale of the dead souls arriving Chichiku.

Chapter IX. Scam Chichikova is disclosed

The whole city will find out the truth about Chichikov's deals. Officials are afraid of punishment for help in the implementation of the scam and decide to leave everything in secret. The governor receives the news that a fangled criminal hides in its edges. All suspicions fall on Chichikov. Officers are urgently collected at the Politzmester.

Chapter X. Emergency Collection of Officials. Nozdrov introduces Chichikov to the case

While the "hero" is gossip and cannot leave the hotel, officials are actively discussing his biography. Who is this strange guest of the city? The postmaster says that he is perhaps Captain Kopeikin and shares the story about this hero. At the nervous soil the prosecutor dies. Chichiku is becoming better, he, not knowing about city purses, goes to the governor, but he is not allowed. The remaining officials also behave with it extremely suspicious. Chichikov is in bewilderment, until the nostril comes to it to the room. He tells the fraudster that there are bad rumors throughout the city about his illegal transactions. Chichikov hurries to collect things to leave the city N. as soon as possible.

Chapter XI. Chichikov leaves the city N

The next morning Chichikov leaves the hotel. On the way from the city, it intersects with a funeral procession. The townspeople follow the last path of the prosecutor. Chichikova nobody is trying to delay. At the end of the poem, the author tells about childhood and upbringing the main character, explaining how the idea of \u200b\u200bbuying dead serfs occurred to this.

Brief characteristic of the heroes of the poem "Dead Souls"

All the narrative in the poem is built on a detailed analysis of the images of officials in Russia and the difficult life of the peasantry. Of the characteristics of the main characters, the work is the image of Russia of the XIX century.

Image in the poem "Dead Souls"

Main character, Pavel Ivanovich Chichikova , poems can be bolded to call the representative of the entrepreneurs nascent in Russia. The image of it is multifaceted, it highlights high quality against the background of other characters with its activities and activity. For all, he is a mystery - even the appearance of Chichikov about him speaks little. And not beautiful and not ugly, and not old and not too young ...

It is not easy to understand the inner world of Gogol's hero. He is a multi-sided, adjusts to any interlocutor, which allows him without much efforting in confidence in local officials and landowners and instantly take the position right in an unfamiliar society. More from the young years, Chichiki learned to benefit from those people who were taking it to himself. The father explained the hero that the money should be treated very carefully and appreciate each penny - this thing is most reliable. Chichots from the early years have understood that it is the money that makes the way to the whole desired and necessary in life.

All his career hero earned money not honest ways. Actively using its qualities: charming deception, the ability to take bribes and kickbacks, to think about all sorts of fraud. By any means, the hero went to personal enrichment, ignoring the rules of morality and morality.

Way gentleman Gogol described the whole class of "sentimental" landlords, which are characterized by dreaminess and lack of activity. This kind of landowners do not follow the economy and no useful are not busy. Manila is causing a good nice man in communication. But he is stupid, empty and stupid.

Form Boxes In the poem "Dead Souls"

Nastasya Petrovna Box differently different from Manilov. She is a wonderful mistress and in her estate reigns perfect order. But on this "good" in the landowner ends. A box is not developed spiritually and does not seek it. Everything that she worries her - life and courtyard, on which the light came down to the wedge. Gogol with the help of the characteristics of this heroine reveals the reader a whole "view" of limited and non-job people.

Image in the poem "Dead Souls"

Gogol accounts To landowners, in which there is no seriousness. This hero differs in vigorous, but its energy is directed to momentary pleasures, and not on the development of the economy. Nozrev player and drunkard, frivolous balagen with a celebratory attitude to life.

Characteristic in the poem "Dead Souls"

Form Mikhail Semenovich Sobesevich Gogol associates with a Russian bear. He is degrees, nervy and strong. It seems something from the wild beast. He appreciates not aesthetics of the surrounding world, but his reliability. For this coarse force - harsh

character, mind and trick. Sobesevich, a dodgy landowner, who is ready to give up to Rus and reforms.

Image in the poem "Dead Souls"

Presents the most unusual and interesting landowner type in the poem. This is a stupid old man whose greed applies not only to the fortress, but also on itself. Excessive savings made from the landlord of the poor man. Measurement and looping on the preservation of non-existent good do not allow him to gain the main thing in life - family.

Curious facts about the history of the poem "Dead Souls"

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol devoted the work on the poem "Dead Souls" a significant part of his writing life. He repeatedly reworked and rewritten his work. At first, the poem was conceived as a humorous fiction, but in the process of creating the author focused on serious problems of Russian society and completely changed the concept of the work.

Gogol planned to write three parts of the "dead souls". The first should have been denied the defects of the serf society, the second - to give the heroes of the poem the possibility of redemption and growth, the third - to describe the future of Russia. But finished Gogol only the first volume, which was published in the print version in 1842. Until his death, the author worked on the next part, but burned almost the finished manuscript. The third volume was not written at all. The reason was the death of the author ... Or, maybe the fact that Nikolai Vasilyevich could not decide what Russia is waiting for in the future.

The hotel's gate of the provincial city of Nn drove a pretty beautiful spring small Brica, in which bachelor goes: retired lieutenant colonels, headquarters, landlords, having about a hundred souls of peasants, - in a word, all those calling the gentlemen of the middle hand. A gentleman was sitting in the brich, not a handsome, but not bad outside, nor too thick, nor too thin; It is impossible to say old, however, and not so that too young. His entry did not produce absolutely no noise in the city and was not accompanied by anything special; Only two Russian men, standing at the Kabaka doors against the hotel, made some comments, relating, however, more than a crew than to sitting in it. "You see," said one another, - What a wheel! What do you think will come to the wheel, if I happened, in Moscow or will not reach? " "Returns", "answered another. "And in Kazan, I think it will not reach?" - "In Kazan will not reach," the other answered. This conversation and ended. Yes, when a BRAKHE arrived at the hotel, a young man met in white canifasi pantals, very narrow and short, in a trunk with the pose, from which a manica was visited, fastened to the Tula Pins with a bronze gun. The young man was blunting back, looked at the carriage, helped the handle to the card, slightly flying away from the wind, and went his dear.

When the crew entered the courtyard, Mr. was met by an innocent servant, or sex, as they are called in Russian restaurants, alive and spill to such an extent that it was impossible to consider what his face had. He ran out with a fiercely, with a napkin in his hand, the whole length and in the long Demicotonic Sultuka with an opposite almost at the very back of the back, shook his hair and led a promptly lord up all the wooden tape gear to the peace of God. The peace was the famous kind, because the hotel was also a famous kind, that is, just like there are hotels in the provincial cities, where for two rubles per day, passing the deceased room with cockroaches, looking like prunes, from all corners, and the door in the next The room, always forced to be a dresser, where a neighbor, silent and calm person, is satisfied, but an extremely curious, interested in knowing all the details of passing. The outer facade of the hotel answered her inside: it was very long, in two floors; Nizhny was not leaning and remained in dark red bricks, even more darkened from dashing weather changes and dirty already in themselves; The top was painted forever yellow paint; Below were benches with clamps, ropes and rams. In the coal of these shops, or, better, in the window, a chateler with a samovar of red copper and face as red as a samovar, so I could think that two samovar standing on the window, if one samovar was not with Black as a smt beard.

While the visitors, Mr. inspected his room, were made by his belongings: first of all, a suitcase of white leather, a somewhat crucible, showing that was not the first time on the road. The suitcase was made by Kucher Selifan, a low man in Tuluochik, and a parsley lacquer, a small year of thirty, in a spacious used surtuk, as can be seen from the Barsh shoulder, a small little harsh in a view, with a very large lip and nose. Following the suitcase, there was a small larchter of a mahogany with pieces of karelian birch, shoemakers and wrapped chicken chicken in blue paper. When all this was submitted, Chercher Selifan went to the stable to mess around the horses, and Lackey Parsley began to arrange in a small front, very dark horse, where he had already had to drag his sinel and, together with her own, some of his own smell, which was reported and brought Following the amount of bag with a different Lake toilet. In this horse, he adjusted a narrow three-sided bed to the wall, covering it with a small look of the mattress, killed and flat, like damn, and, maybe, just as a damn one, like a damn, who managed to recruit him from the owner of the hotel.

Showing the servants were managed and fled, Mr. went to the general hall. What are these common halls - every passing knows very well: the same walls painted with oil paint, darkened at the top of the tubular smoke and minted from the bottom backs of different passing, and even more native merchant, because the merchants for trading days came here Six and himself -We to peer your famous couple of tea; The same surplified ceiling; The same smoked chandelier with a lot of hanging glass, which jumped and rangs whenever sex broke through the exterior linakes, having flowning the Boyko tray, on which the same abyss of tea cups, like birds on the seashore; The same pictures in the whole wall written by oil paints - in a word, all the same as everywhere; Only the difference that the nymph was depicted on one picture with such huge breasts, what the reader, right, never see. A similar game of nature, however, happens at different historical paintings, is unknown at what time, from where and whom they brought to Russia, sometimes even with our nobles, lovers of art that bought them in Italy on the advice of the couriers visiting them. Mr sir threw off his woolen, rainbow colors from her neck, which married her wife cooks with his own hands, providing decent instructions, how to poop, and idle - I probably can't say who does, God knows, I never wore such a slamnock . Overlooking a slant, Mr ordered to force himself lunch. Showing it was served by various ordinary in the restaurants of the dish, somehow: soup with a puff pastry, purposefully saved for passing for several weeks, brains with peas, sausages with cabbage, puolent roasted, salty and eternal puff sweet cuccake, always ready for services ; He shifted it all this and was heated, and just cold, he forced the servant, or sex, to tell every nonsense - about who contained before the restaurant and who now gives a lot of income, and their owner's large To which sexual, as usual, answered: "Oh, big, sir, fraudster." Both in Enlightened Europe, and in Enlightened Russia, there are now very many respectable people who cannot have to eat in the restaurant, so as not to talk to the servant, and sometimes even funny to joke on him. However, the visits did not all empty questions; He asked with extreme accuracy, who in the city of the governor, who is the Chairman of the Chamber, who is a prosecutor, - the word, did not miss a single significant official; But even with the best accuracy, if not even with the participation, asked for all significant landowners: how many who have the shower of peasants, how far lives from the city, which is even character and how often comes to the city; I asked carefully about the condition of the edge: there was no diseases in their province - there were caustic hotts, murderer of any fever, smallpox, and the like, and everything is so thorough and with such accuracy that showed more than one simple curiosity. In the receptions of his Mr. he had something solid and was highlighted extremely loud. It is not known how he did it, but only his nose sounded like a pipe. This, apparently, absolutely innocent dignity acquired, however, well, he is much respect from the restaurant servant, so it's every time he heard this sound, shakes his hair, straightened her earlier and, hit his head, asked: no need whether? After dinner, the Mister bought a cup of coffee and sat on the sofa, taking a pillow behind his back, which in Russian taverns instead of elastic wool stuff something extremely similar to brick and cobblestone. He began to yawn and ordered himself to take himself into his numer where, she fell asleep for two hours. Resuning, he wrote on the patchwork paper, at the request of the innocent servant, rank, name and surname for the message to the police, to the police. On a paper floor, going down from the stairs, read the following in warehouses: "The College Counselor Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov, a landowner, according to its need." When Paul still disassembled a note on warehouses, Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov himself went to see the city, which seemed to be satisfied, for found that the city did not infuriate to other provincial cities: he had a yellow paint in the eyes of stone houses and modestly dark gray On wooden. There were one, two and a half years old, with eternal mezzanine, very beautiful, according to the provincial architects. In places, these houses seemed lost among the wide, as a field, streets and endless wooden fences; The places were shot down in a bunch, and here it was noticeably more movement of the people and liveliness. There were almost washed with rain signs with pretzels and boots, in some places with painted blue trousers and signature of some Arshawa tailor; Where is the store with cards, caps and inscription: "Foreigner Vasily Fedorov"; Where Billiards were drawn with two players in Thractions, in which we dress on the theaters, guests entering the last act on the scene. Players were depicted with aimed kiam, somewhat feeded back their hands and oblique legs, who had just made Anthrash in the air. Under all this it was written: "And here is the institution." Someone just on the street there were tables with nuts, soap and gingerbread, similar to soap; Where Harchevnya with painted in tough fishing and sticking to her Wilco. Most often, the darkened double-headed state eagles were noticeably, which are now replaced by a laconic inscription: "Pite". Bridge everywhere was bad. He looked at the city garden, which consisted of thin trees, badly accepted, with the backups below, in the form of triangles, very beautifully painted by green oil paint. However, although these trees were no higher reeds, they were told in newspapers in the description of the illumination that "our city was decorated, thanks to the care of a civil ruler, a garden consisting of shady, broadcasting trees, giving coolness in a hot day," and that This "it was very integrity to look like the hearts of citizens trembled in an excess of gratitude and streams tears in a sign of appreciation to Mr. Gradorchik." In question in detail the boat, where you can go closer, if you need, to the Cathedral, to the present places, to the governor, he went to take a look at the river, which took place in the midst of the city, exhausted the billboard killed to the post, so that coming home, read her good, I looked intently on a wooden sidewalk to a lady of a nonwarf outside, followed by a boy in a military livery, with a knot in his hand, and, once again, looked after all his eyes, as if to remember the position of the place, went home right into his numer, Supported slightly on the stairs to the restaurant servant. I rummaged tea, he sat down in front of the table, ordered a candle to himself, took a poster out of his pocket, brought it to the candle and began to read, nicely a little right eye. However, the wonderful little was in the billboard: the drama of the city of Kotzebu was given, in which Rolle played Poplevin, Curo - Virgin Zlyabov, other persons were even less wonderful; However, he read them all, even reached the price of Parquet and found out that the poster was printed in the printing house of the provincial rule, then drowned on the other side: to find out if there is something there, but not found anything, rubbed her eyes, turned neat And put in his Larchchik, where I used to put everything that came across. The day seems to be concluded by a portion of cold veal, a bottle of acid and strong sleep in all pumps, as they are expressed in other places of an extensive Russian state.

Short Content Dead Souls

Tom First

ChapterI.

In the hotel of the provincial city of NN arrived on a beautiful British one Mr. Neither a handsome man, but not bad, neither fat, nor lean, nor old, but not young. His name was Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov. Nobody noticed his arrival. With him there were two servants - Kucher Selifan and Parsushka Lackey. Selifan was low yes in Tuluochik, and Parsley was young, looked at thirty years, had a harsh face at first glance. As Mr. Mr. in the chambers, immediately went to dinner. There served with puff patties, sausage with cabbage, salt cucumbers.

While everything was brought, the guest made the servant to tell everything about the restaurant, his owner, whether they receive a lot of income. Then he found out who in the city of Governor, who is the chairman, as the names of noble landowners, how many servants they have, how far from the city are their estates and any such nonsense. Resting in the room, he went to inspect the city. He liked everything like him. And stone houses covered with yellow paint, and signboard on them. Many visited the name of some tailor by the name Arshavsky. In gambling houses it was written "And here is the institution."

The next day, the guest nanished visits. I wanted to express my respect to the governor, vice-governor, the prosecutor, Chairman of the Chamber, the head of state factories and other urban dignitaries. In conversations, he was able to flatter everyone, and he himself occupied a rather modest position. He did not tell almost nothing about himself, except superficially. He said that he had seen a lot and experienced in his century, suffered in service, had enemies, everything is like everyone else. Now wishes, finally, choose a place to have a residence, and, arrived in the city, I wanted to test my respect to the "first" in the first place to witness.

By evening, he was already invited to the governor's reception. There he joined men who, like he were somewhat dug. Then I got acquainted with the courteous landowners Manilov and Sobashievich. Both were invited to see their estates. Manilov was a man with surprisingly sweet eyes, which he picked every time. He immediately said that Chichiki is simply obliged to come to his village, which was just fifteen versts from the urban outpost. Sobesevich was more restrained and had a clumsy look. He only talked dryly that he invites guests to himself.

The next day, Chichikov was at the dinner at the Politzmester. In the evening they played in Vist. There he met the broken landowner Nozdreva, who after a pair of phrases switched to "you." And so a few days in a row. The guest almost never visited the hotel, and came only to swell. He could like everyone in the city, and officials were satisfied with his arrival.

ChapterII.

After about a week, the deceptions for lunches and the evening, Chichikov decided to visit his new familiar landowners Manilov and Sobesevich. It was decided to start with Manilov. The purpose of the visit was not just to examine the village of the landowner, but also to offer one "serious" case. With you, he took Kucher Selifana, and Parsushka was ordered to sit in the room, watching suitcases. A few words about these two servants. They were ordinary fortress. Petrusha wore a few wide robes that took him from the Bar ash shoulder. He had big lips and nose. In the nature, it was silent, loved to read and rarely went to the bath, which was going to be recognized by Ambre. Chercher Selifan was the opposite of the lake.

On the way to Manilov, Chichikov did not miss the case to familiarize themselves with the surrounding houses and forests. The estate of Manilov stood on a hill, there was a goal, only a pine forest was seen in the distance. A slightly lowered a pond and many logs. The hero counted them about two hundred. The owner joyfully welcomed it. There was something in a strange manil. While his eyes were sweet, like sugar, in a couple of minutes later talking with him anything else was talking about. From him washed a deadly boredom. There are people who love to eat from the soul, or are fond of music, golden dogs, this was not fond of anything. He read one book for two years.

The spouse did not lag behind him. She was fond of playing on the piano, French and knitting all the little things. So, for example, for her husband's birthday, she was preparing a beaded cover for toothpick. Their sons were also strange: themistocleus and alkid. After dinner, Guest said that he wanted to talk to Manilov about one very important business. Onb headed into the office. There Chichikov asked the owner, as he had dead peasants since the last revision. He did not know, but I sent a clarifier to clarify. Chichikov admitted that she buys the "dead souls" of the peasants who mean by census as alive. Manilam first thought that the guest was joking, but he was absolutely serious. They agreed on the fact that Manilaov and without money he would give him, which is needed if it does not violate the law. After all, he will not take money for the souls that no longer. Yes, and I don't want to lose a new friend.

ChapterIII

In the brick of Chichikov already calculated his profits. Selifan, meanwhile, engaged in horses. There was a thunder, one more, and then watered the rain like from the bucket. Selifan pulled out something against the rain and remembered the horses. He was a little drunk, because he could not remember how many turns they did on the road. In addition, they did not know exactly how to get to the village of Sobesevich. As a result, a bridge descended from the road and drove along the spelling field. Fortunately, they heard a dog Lai and drunk to a small house. The hostess herself opened the gate to them, he enjoyed himself, left to spend the night.

It was a woman of older years in a cape. On all the questions about the surrounding landowners, in particular about the companion, answered that he did not know who it was. She listed some other names, but they did not know their chicter. In the morning, the guest assessed the peasant houses with a look and concluded that everything was contained in prosperity. The hostess was called the box of Nastasya Petrovna. He decided to swim with her about the buying "dead souls". She said, it seems to be a profitable, but dubious, she needs to think about.

Chichiki was then angry and compared her with a porony. He said that she was already thinking from her household products to purchase, but now there will be no. Although he brought, but the phrase had an action. Nastasya Petrovna agreed to sign a power of attorney for the commission. He brought his documents and emblem paper. The case was done with Selifan gathered on the road. The box gave them a girl in the conduit, on the same time. The tavern chichikov awarded the girl with a copper penny.

ChapterIV

In the restaurant, Chichikov had gone, the horses rested. They gathered to go further in search of the estate of Sobesevich. By the way, the surrounding landlords whispered to him that the old woman knows Manilov, and Sobesevich. Here the restaurant was drunk two. In one of them, Chichikov found out the nostride, a broken landowner, with whom he had recently met. He immediately rushed to hug him, introduced himself to his son-in-law and invited him.

It turned out that he was driving from the fair, where not only played in the fluff and dust, and also drank the neurogenous amount of champagne. But then met son-in-law. He was taken from there. Nozdrev was from the category of people who suck themselves. He easily acquainted with people, passed to "you," immediately sat down with them and play cards. In the card, he played dishonestly, because he was often tuzy. My wife Nozdrev died, leaving two kids to which Kutil was not doing. Where there was nozzots, it was not necessary without adventure. It was taken positively gendarma, they were not illustratively pushed their own friends. And he was from the breed of those who could naggle the near without any reason.

The son-in-law on the ignition nostride also went with them. Two hours examined the village of the landowner, and then headed for the estate. At dinner, the owner struck the guest all, but Chichikov managed to pour out a drink in Chan with soup. Then he insisted on the game of cards, but he also refused the guest. Chichikov spoke to him about his "case", that is, the redemption of the souls of the dead peasants, because of which the nostrils called him the most real fraudster and ordered not to feed his horses. Chichiki has already regretted his arrival, but nothing remained to do how to swell here.

In the morning the owner again offered to play cards, this time on the "soul". Chichikov refused, but agreed to play checkers. Nozdrev, as always, plotted, so I had to interrupt the game. For the fact that the guest refused to bring the party to the end, Nozdrev called his guys and ordered him to beat him. But Chichikov was lucky this time. A coach rolled out to the speech, someone in a semi-long surpuca came out of it. It was Captitipa Capitnik, who had come to notify the owner that he was under the court for applying Maksimov's landowner. Chichikov did not hear, and sat down in her bricchka and ordered Selifan to drive away from here.

ChapterV.

Chichots looked around the road to the village of Nozdrev and was afraid. On the way, they met the stroller with two ladies: one - the elderly, and the other is young and unusually beautiful. From Eye Chichikova, it was not hidden, and all the way he thought about young stranger. However, these thoughts left him as soon as he survived the village of Sobamyevich. The village was pretty big, but a little awkward, like the owner himself. In the middle rumped up a huge house with mezzanine in the style of military settlements.

Sobekhevich accepted him, as it should, spent in the living room decorated with portraits of the commander. When Chichikov tried to flatter and put a pleasant conversation as usual, it turned out that Sobesevich could not tolerate all these chairmen, policemen, governors and other fraudsters. He considers them fools and Christ crafts. Of all he liked the most prosecutor, and he had been a pig he said.

The wife of Sobesevich invited to the table. The table was covered abundantly. As it turned out, the owner loved to eat from the soul, which was distinguished from the neighbor's landowner Plushkin. When Chichikov asked who this plushkin and where he lives, Sobehevich recommended not to know him. After all, he has eight hundred shower, but eats worse shepherd. Yes, and people are mruh like flies. Chichikov spoke with the owner of the "dead souls". Long traded, but they came to the consensus. I decided tomorrow in the city to solve things with the bug, but to leave a deal secret. To Plushina Chichikov went by coating paths so that the companion did not see.

ChapterVI

Having swaying in her brickeleton, he got to the log pavement, followed by dilapidated and dilapidated homes. Finally, the master house, a long and stray castle, looking like a disabled person appeared. It was seen that the house was transferred not one bad weather, the plaster was sprinkled with plasters, only two were open from all windows, and the rest are skipped by shutters. And only the old garden behind the house, at least somehow refresh this picture.

Soon someone seemed. On the outlines of Chichiki thought it was a key, as the silhouette was a female hood and a cap, as well as keys over the belt. As a result, it turned out that this is Plushkin himself. Chicchiki could not understand how the landowner such a big village turned into such. He was terribly old, dressed in all dirty and stale. If Chichikov met this person somewhere on the street, he would think that he was begging. In fact, Plushkin was incredibly rich, and with age turned into a terrible eye.

When they entered home, the guest is overlooking the surroundings. There was an incredible mess, chairs chopped on each other, around the web and a lot of small pieces of paper, a broken armchair handle, some kind of liquid in a glass with three flies. In short, the situation was terrifying. Plushkin had at their disposal almost a thousand souls, and he walked around the village, picked up all his grated and dragged her home. But once he was just an economical owner.

The spouse of the landowner died. The eldest daughter jumped married a cavalryist and left. Since then, Plushkin cursed her. He himself became the economy. The son went to the army, and the youngest daughter died. When the son was played in the card, the landowner cursed and his nor did not give him a penny. Governess and teachers of French he drove. Senior daughter somehow tried to establish relationships with his father and at least something from him, but nothing came out. The merchants who come for the goods also could not agree with him.

Chichiki even was afraid to offer him and did not know which side to come. Host, though he invited him to sit down, but he said that he would not feed. Then the conversation went about high mortality of peasants. This is chikchikhu and it was necessary. Then he spoke about his "case." Together with the bells, about two hundred shower. The old man agreed to give a power of attorney for a bunch. With grief in half there was a clean piece of paper and the deal was issued. Chichikov abandoned the tea and in a good location of the Spirit went to the city.

ChapterVII

Chichiki, sleeping, realized that he had no many nor, and already four hundred souls, so it's time to act. He prepared a list of people who were once alive, thought, went, felt, and then went to the Civil Chamber. On the way I met Manilova. He hugged him, then filed a paper on the tube and together they went to the office to Chairman Ivan Antonovich. Despite the good acquaintance, Chichikov still "put" him something. Here was a companion.

Chichikov provided a letter from Plushin and added that there should be another attachment from the boxes. The Chair promised to do everything. Chichikov asked to faster with everyone, since he wanted to leave the next day. Ivan Antonovich quickly managed, everything recorded and introduced to where he should, and Chichikova ordered to take half the duty. After, he suggested a drink for the transaction. Soon, everyone sat at the table, a little zahmelev, the guest persuaded the guest at all do not leave, stay in the city and marry. After the feast of Selifan with parsley, the owner was laid, and they themselves went to the Kabak.

ChapterVIII.

The city quickly spread rumors about Chichikov's profits. Some of this caused doubts, since the owner would not sell good peasants, it means that either drunkards, or begs. Some wondered about the difficulties of moving such a number of peasants, Bunta was afraid. But for Chichikov, everything worked the best way. Began to robbed that he was a millionmaker. He liked the residents of the city, and now they loved the guest at all, so that they did not want to let him go.

The ladies are generally idle. He liked local women. They knew how to behave in society and were pretty presentable. In the conversation did not allow vulgarity. So, for example, instead of "I unimported", "I facilitated the nose." The wheels from men did not allow, and if they met with whom, then only secret. In a word, you could give odds to any metropolitan lady. Everything decided at the reception of the governor. There, Chichikov saw a blond girl who had previously met in the stroller. It turned out that it was a daughter of the governor. And immediately all the ladies disappeared.

He stopped looking at anyone and thought only about her. In turn, offended ladies were ridiculous to talk about Guest unflattering things. The situation was aggravated suddenly emerged nostrils, which in all the case announced that the chischiki is a fraudster and that he trampled "dead souls." But since everyone was aware of the nostride and false nature, he was not believed to him. Chichikov, feeling awkward, went early. While he suffered insomnia, another trouble was preparing for him. Nastasya Petrovna arrived in the city and was already interested in how much "dead souls" in order not to be made.

ChapterIX

The next morning one "beautiful" lady ran to another the same lady to tell how the chichots missed the "dead souls" of her girlfriend boxes. They also have considerations about Nozdrev. Ladies think that chikhiki all brewed to get the daughter of the governor, and the nozzles of his accomplice. Ladies immediately spread the version for other friends and in the city begin to discuss this topic. True, men adhere to another opinion. They believe that Chichikov still interested "Dead Souls."

Officials of the city and are at all begin to believe that Chichotes are sent for some check. And the sins were found behind them, so they were frightened. During this period in the province, a new governor-general was appointed, so it was quite possible. Here, as purpose, the governor received two strange paper. In one it was said that a well-known counterfeiter was wanted, who changes the names, and in the other - about the escaped robber.

Then everyone was thinking, who actually this chicker. After all, none of them reliably knew. They interviewed the landowners who had the soul of the peasants, was a little sense. They tried to learn something from Selifana and parsley, also to no avail. And in the meantime, the governor's daughter got from the mother. That strictly setting ordered not to communicate with a dubious guest.

ChapterX.

The situation in the city was so gunned that many officials began to lose weight. Everyone decided to gather at the police officer to advise. The opinion was received that Chichiki is a disguised captain of Kopeikin, who during the campaign of 1812 he touched his leg and hand. When he returned from the front, his father refused to support him. Then Kopekin decided to turn to the sovereign, went to St. Petersburg.

In connection with the lack of a sovereign, he promises to accept him, but asks to go in a few days. It takes several days, but it is not accepted again. One noble assures that the permission of the king is needed. Soon, Kopeykin ends money, he dwells and goes houring. Then he again appeals to the general who grossly removes him and sends out of St. Petersburg. After some time, a gang of robbers begins to be written in the Ryazan Forest. It is rumored that this is the work of Copeikin.

Having consistently, the officials decide that Chichots could not be a copikin, because his feet-hands are intact. Nozdrev appears and tells its version. He says he studied with Chikchikov, who was already a counterfeit. He also says that he sold him on a lot of "dead souls" and that Chicchiki really intended to take away the governor's daughter, and he helped him. As a result, he thus hurts that he himself understands that he moved.

At this time, the prosecutor dies in the city from the experiences. Everyone is blamed Chichikova, and he knows nothing about it, as it sicks the flux. He is sincerely surprised that no one visits him. It comes to nostrils and everything tells about the fact that in the city they consider a fraudster who tried to kidnap the daughter of the governor. And also tells about the death of the prosecutor. After his care, Chichikov orders packing things.

ChapterXI

The next day, Chichikov is going on the road, but long can not leave. That horses are not counted, he slept, then the brich was not laid. As a result, we leave, but on the road face the funeral procession. It is burying the prosecutor. All officials go on the procession, and everyone thinks about how to establish relations with a new governor-general. The following is a lyrical retreat of Russia, its roads and buildings.

The author introduces us with the origin of Chichikov. It turns out that his parents were nobles, but he is not much like them. Since childhood, he was sent to one old relative, where he lived and studied. For goodbye, the Father gave him a parting to always please the authorities and drive only with rich. In school, the hero studied mediocrely, no special talents had, but was practical small.

When his father died, he laid his father's house and entered the service. There, he tried in everything to please the bosses and even cared for the ugly daughter of the chief, promised to marry. But how he received an increase, did not marry. Next, he changed not one service and did not delay anywhere for a long time because of his fraud. At one time, even participated in the capture of smugglers, with whom he had entered into collusion.

The idea of \u200b\u200bbuying the "dead souls" was visited once again when everything had to start first. According to him, "Dead Souls" needed to lay in the bank, and having received an impressive loan, hide. Further, the author complains to the properties of the character of the hero, herself justifies himself. In the finals, the bright rushed so fast on the road. And what Russian does not like quick ride? The author compares the flying troika with a barrel rus.

Tom two

The second volume was written by the author as a draft version, repeatedly reworked, and then he was burned. It was told about the further adventures of Chichikov, about his acquaintance with Andrei Ivanovich Tententikov, Colonel Koshkrev, hlobuev and other "useful" characters. At the end of the second volume, the Chichikov's triove was made public and he was in prison. However, a certain mooring cottons for him. On the narration and interrupts.

The work of Gogol "Dead Souls" was written in the second half of the 19th century. The first volume was published in 1842, the second volume was almost completely destroyed by the author. And the third volume was never written. The plot of the work was suggested by Gogol. The poem tells about Mr. Middle Hearts, Pavel Ivanovich Chikchikov, traveling in Russia to buy the so-called dead souls - peasants, which are not alive, but who are still lying alive on documents. Gogol wanted to show the whole of Russia, the whole Russian soul in his latitude and immensity.

Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" In summary of chapters, you can read below. The following version describes the main characters, highlight the most significant fragments, with the help of which you can make a holistic picture about the content of this poem. Read online "Dead Souls" Gogol will be useful and relevant to 9 classes.

main characters

Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov - The main hero of the poem, the college adviser to the average years. Traveling across Russia to buy a dead soul to find an approach to each person than constantly uses.

Other characters

Manil - A landowner, the elder. In the first minute you think only pleasant about it, and after - you don't know what to think. His household difficulties do not care; He lives with his wife and two sons, femistocleus and alkid.

Box - Elderly woman, widow. Lives in a small village, herself leads the farm, sells products and fur. Skuping woman. The names of all the peasants knew himself by heart, no written account was led.

Sobesevich - The landowner, in everything is looking for benefits. With its massiveness and clumsiness reminded the bear. Agree to sell chikchikov dead souls even before he spoke about it.

Nozdrov - A landowner who can not stop at home. Love to kut and play cards: Hundreds of times he played in fluff and dust, but still continued to play; He was always the hero of any story, and the master himself to tell the unprecedencies. His wife died, leaving the child, but the nostril family affairs did not care at all.

Plushkin - An unusual person, in the appearance of which it is difficult to determine what class it belongs. Chichikov first accepted him for the old key. Although one lives, although before his estate was boiling.

Selifan. - Kucher, servant Chichikova. He drinks a lot, often distracted from the road, loves to reflect on the eternal.

Volume 1.

Chapter 1

A brickeleton is entering the city of Nn, nothing noticeable. He settled at the hotel, in which, as often happens, it was poor and dirty. Luggage Mr. A Selifan was introduced (low man in Tulup) and parsley (small years 30). The traveler almost immediately headed to the Tavern to find out who occupies senior positions in this city. At the same time, Mr. tried not to speak about himself, nevertheless everything, whoever spoke Mr., managed to make it the most pleasant characteristic. Along with this, the author very often emphasizes the slightness of the character.

During the dinner, the guest will learn from the servant who in the city is the chairman who governor, how many rich landowners, the visits did not miss any detail.

Chichikov gets acquainted with Manilov and clumsy dog, whom he quickly managed to charm with his manners and the ability to stay in public: he could always support the conversation on any topic, was polite, attentive and causing. Friends with him people responded about Chichikov only positively. At the card table, he was herself as an aristocrat and a gentleman, even argued somehow particularly pleasant, for example, "you were ignored to go."

Chichiki hurried to put visits to all officials of this city to arrange them to themselves and witness their respect.

Chapter 2.

Chichots lived in the city for more than a week, spending time behind a turntable and pearts. He started a lot of dating useful for him, was a welcome guest on various receptions. While Chichikov spent time at the next guest dinner, the author introduces the reader with his servants. Petrushka walked in a wide surpetue from the Bar's shoulder, had a large nose and lips. The character was silent. He loved to read, but he himself liked the reading process much more than the reading item. Parsley always wore a "his special smell" with him, ignoring the requests of Chichikov to go to the bath. Couteron Selifan also did not describe the same, they say, he belonged to too low class, and the reader more like the landowners and columns.

Chichiki went to the village to Manilov, which "few could lure their location." Although Manilov said that the village is just 15 wizards from the city, Chichikov had to drive almost twice as much. The manifers at first glance was a man prominently, the features of his face were pleasant, but the too wellness. From him will not raise any live words, maniles as if he lived in the invented world. Manilova had nothing his own features. He spoke little, most often reflected on high matters. When the peasant or the clerk about something, the Barin asked, he answered: "Yes, thoroughly," without worrying about what will happen next.

In the office, Manilova lay a book that Barin was read for the second year, and the tab, once left on page 14, remained in place. Not only Manilov, but the house itself suffered from a lack of something special. The house was always not enough of something: the furniture is expensive, and the upholstery was not enough for two armchairs, there was always no furniture in another room, but it was always going to put it there. With his wife, the owner spoke touchingly, gently. She was under the husband - a typical picer of the guesthouse for girls. She was trained in French, dance and playing a piano to delight and entertain her husband. Often they talked gently and flutterously, as if young beloved. It seemed the impression that the spouses did not care for household trivia.

Chichotes with Manilov, a few minutes stood in the doorway, flowing each other forward: "Make mercy, do not worry so for me, I'll go after", "do not work out, please do not work out. Please pass. " As a result, both have passed at the same time, sideways, taped each other. Chischiki agreed with Manilov, who tipped and governor, and the police officer, and others.

Surprised Chikchikova Children of Manilov, two sons of six and eight years, themistocleus and alkid. Manilov wanted to boast of their children, but they did not notice any special talents. After dinner, Chichikov decided to talk to Manilov about one very important case - about the dead peasants who are still lying on documents - about the dead souls. To "save Manilov from the need to pay taxes," Chichikov asks Manilov to sell him documents on already non-existent peasants. Manilov was somewhat discouraged, but Chichikov convinced the landowner in the legality of a similar deal. Manilaov decided to give the "dead souls" with a gift, after which Chichots hastily began to gather towards the companion, satisfied with a good acquisition.

Chapter 3.

Chichiki was driving to a companion in a raised mood. Selifan, Kucher, argued with a horse, and, fucked by reflections, stopped watching the road. The traveled trades.
Brica rushed for a long time off-road, until she hit the fence and did not turn over. Chichiki was forced to ask the night of the old woman, who launched them only after Chichikov told about his noble title.

The hostess was an elderly woman. It can be called crumbling: there were many old things in the house. Dressed woman was tasteless, but with a claim for elegance. Lady called the box Nastasya Petrovna. She did not know any manilov, from which Chichots concluded that they were listed in decent wilderness.

Chichikov woke up late. His lingerie was dried and washed with a fussy boxer box. Pavel Ivanovich was not very ceremony with a box, allowing himself rudeness. Nastasya Filippovna was a college secretary, her husband had long died, so all the economy was on it. Chichikov did not miss the opportunity to ask about the dead souls. He had to persuade a box for a long time, which was also traded. The box knew all the peasants is trimmed, so there was no written record.

Chichiki is tired of a long conversation with the hostess, and was pleased rather than he received less than twenty souls from her, and the fact that this dialogue ended. Nastasya Filippovna, glading selling, decided to sell flour, fat, salt, fluff and honey. To hide the guest, she ordered the maid to lent the pancakes and pies that the chisters were glad to eat, but from other purchases politely refused.

Nastasya Filippovna sent a little girl with Chichikov, so that she showed the road. Bricchka was already renovated and chichotes went on.

Chapter 4.

Barge drove to the restaurant. The author confesses that Chichikova had a otned appetite: the hero ordered a chicken, veal and piglet with sour cream and horseradish. In the restaurant Chichikov asked about the owner, his sons, their wives, and at the same time he learned where he lives what a landowner. In the restaurant, Chichikov met Nozdrova, with whom she had dined with the prosecutor. Nozdrov was cheerful and drunk: he reworked back to the card. Nozdrov laughed at Chichikov's plans to go to the Schemevich, persuading Pavel Ivanovich first to visit him. Nozdrov was a sociable, soul of the company, Kutila and Govorogo. His wife died early, leaving two children, the upright of which nozzles did not do absolutely. For more than a day, he could not stop at home, his soul demanded a peer and adventure. For acquaintances, Noszdrova had an amazing attitude: the closer it came up with a man, the more Nedplez told. At the same time, the nostril was able to no longer quarrel with anyone.

Nozdrov loved the dogs very much and even kept a wolf. The landowner was so packed with his possessions that Chichots were tired of inspecting them, although the nostril attributed even a forest to his lands, which could not be his property. At the table, Nozdrov was poured to the guests of wine, but he added a little. In addition to Chichikov, Nozdrova, he had his son-in-law, in which Pavel Ivanovich did not decrease to talk about the true motives of his visit. However, the son-in-law was immediately launched home, and Chichikov, finally, was able to ask Nozdrova about the dead souls.

He asked Nozdrova to translate the dead souls on himself, without giving his true motives, but the interest of the nostril from it only enhances. Chichikov is forced to invent different stories: supposedly the dead souls are needed to acquire weight in society or to successfully marry, but nozzides feels false, therefore allows themselves rude statements to Chikchikov. Nozdrov offers Pavel Ivanovich to buy a stallion, a mare or a dog, in the kit with which he will give the soul. Just to sell the dead souls Nozdrov did not want to give.

In the next morning, Nozrev led himself as if nothing had happened, offering Chichikov to play checkers. If the chichikov wins, the nostril will turn all the dead souls on him. Both played dishonestly, Chichikova strongly exhausted the game, however, the supportman came to the nostril, by saying that from now on the nostril is under the trial for the beating of the landowner. Using this case, Chichiki hurried to leave the nostril's estate.

Chapter 5.

Chichikov rejoiced to the fact that he left the nostril with empty hands. From his thoughts Chichikov distracted the accident: a horse harvested in the Bichal Pavel Ivanovich, messed up with a horse from another harness. Chichikov was fascinated by a girl who was sitting in another wagon. He was still thinking about the beautiful stranger for a long time.

The village of Sobesevich seemed to chikchiku huge: gardens, stables, sheds, peasant houses. Everything was done on the century. Sobesevich himself seemed to chikchikov like a bear. Everything from the Sobesevich was massively and clumsy. Each item was ridiculous, as if I said: "And I also look like a companion." About other people, Sobesevich expressed disrespectful and rude. From him, Chichikov learned about Plushkin, whose peasants mruh like flies.

The proposal for the dead souls was reacted quietly, he even offered to sell them before he spoke about it by Chichikov. The landowner behaved strangely, stinging the price, praising already dead peasants. Chichikov was dissatisfied with the deal with the Sobashievich. Pavel Ivanovich seemed that it was not he tries to deceive the landowner, but his companion.
Chichiki headed for Plushhina.

Chapter 6.

Immersed in his reflections, Chicchikov did not notice that he drove into the village. In the village of Plushina, the windows in the houses were without glass, bread - raw and moldy, gardens - abandoned. Nowhere has not been visible the results of human labor. Near the Plushkin's house there were many buildings that have grown green mold.

Chichikova met the keystitch. Barina was not at home, the key was invited by Chichikov in chambers. There were a lot of things in the rooms, it was impossible to understand what it was there, everything was in dust. It is impossible to say that there is no living person here.

In the rest entered a bent man, unshaven, in a stirable bathrobe. The face did not imagine anything special. If Chichikov met this man on the street, he filed him alms.

This man was the landowner himself. There was a time when Plushkin was a lean owner, and his house was full of life. Now, strong feelings did not reflect in the eyes of the old man, but the forehead issued a non-free mind. Plushkin's wife died, daughter escaped with the military, the son went to the city, and the youngest daughter died. The house became empty. Guests looked at the plush rarely, and see the escaped daughter, who sometimes asked for the father of money, did not see Plushkin. The landowner himself started talking about the dead peasants, because I was glad to get rid of the dead souls, although suspicion appeared in his glance.

Chichikov refused treats, being impressed by dirty dishes. Plushkin decided to bargain, manipulating his distress. Chichikov bought 78 shower with him, forcing Plushkina to write a receipt. After the transaction of Chichikov, as before, hurried to leave. Plushkin locked the gate for a guest, went around his possessions, storerooms and a kitchen, and after thought how to thank Chichikov.

Chapter 7.

Chichots already purchased 400 souls, so he wanted to finish things in this city faster. He considered and put in order all the necessary documents. All the peasants of the boxes were distinguished by strange nicknames, Chichikov was dissatisfied that their names occupy a lot of space on paper, Plushkina's note was different, the records of the Sobevich were complete and detailed. Chichikov thought about how every person had gone, building a guessed in the imagination and playing entire scripts.

Chichikov went to court to assure all documents, but there he was made to understand that without a bribe the case would go for a long time, and Chichikov would still have to stay in the city for a while. Sobachovich, who accompanied Chichikov, convinced the chairman in the legitimacy of the transaction, Chichikov said that he bought the peasants to withdraw, in the Kherson province.

Politzmeyster, officials and chikimov decided to complete the design of the documents with lunch and the game in Vist. Chichiki was cheerful and told everyone about his lands under Kherson.

Chapter 8.

About purchases Chichikova, the entire city shoulded: Why chikhikov peasants? Did the landowners sold the arrival so much good peasants, and not thieves and drunks? Will the peasants change on the new earth?
The more rumors about the wealth of Chichikov, the more they loved him. The ladies of the city of NN considered Chichikov a very attractive man. In general, the ladies of the city N themselves were presentable, dressed tastefully, there were strict in the neravas, and all their intrigues remained secret.

Chichikov found an anonymous love letter, which is incredibly interested. At the reception, Pavel Ivanovich could not understand who he wrote to him from the girls. The traveler was successful in the ladies, yes so fond of secular conversations that I forgot to approach the hostess. The governor was at the reception with his daughter, whose beauty of Chichikov was captive - no lady was more interested in Chichikov.

At the reception of Chichikov, he met Nozdrov, who was Chichikova in an uncomfortable position and drunken conversations in his uncomfortable behavior and drunken conversations., So Chichikov was forced to leave the reception.

Chapter 9.

The author introduces the reader with two ladies, friendly people who met early in the morning. They talked about women's trifles. Alla Grigorievna was partly materialist prone to denial and doubt. The ladies were gossipped about visiting. Sophia Ivanovna, the second woman, dissatisfied with chikchikov, because he flirted with many ladies, and the box would not have talked about the dead souls, adding the story of how Chichotie deceived her by throwing 15 rubles to assignments. Alla Grigorievna suggested that thanks to the dead souls of Chichiki, he wants an impression on the daughter of the governor to paint it out of the house. Nozdrova Ladies recorded Chichikov's accomplices.

The city is buzzing: the question of the dead souls worried everyone. The ladies discussed more history with the abduction of the girl, complementing it with all imaginable and unthinkable details, and men discussed the economic side of the issue. All this led to the fact that Chichikov was not allowed to the threshold and did not invite more for dinners. As I called, Chichots all this time was in the hotel, because he was not lucky enough to get sick.

In the meantime, residents of the city have reached their assumptions before they told about the entire prosecutor.

Chapter 10

Residents of the city gathered at the Politzmester. Everyone wondered who was such chischiki, where he came and whether he was hiding from the law. Epolemaster tells the story of Captain Copeikin.

This chapter includes the text of the "dead shower" the story of Captain Copeikin.

Captain Copeikin tearned his hand and leg during the military campaign of the 20s. Copekin decided to ask for help from the king. The man was amazed by the Beauty of St. Petersburg and high prices for food and housing. Copekin was waiting for the admission of a general about 4 hours, but he was asked to come later. The audience of Kopeikin and the governor was transferred several times, Vera Kopeykin in justice and the king every time it became less and less. The man ended the money for food, and the capital began to be confused because of Paphos and spiritual void. Captain Kopeikin decided to get into the receiving to the general to accurately get an answer to his question. He decided to stand there until the sovereign looks at him. The general instructed the Feldgereger to deliver Copeikin to a new place, where he will be completely in the care of the state. Copekin, glading, went with Feldheger, but no one saw more than Kopeykin.

All those present recognized that Chichiki could not be captain of Copeikin, because Chichikov had all the limbs in place. Nozdrov told many different non-pieces and, mad, said that she personally came up with the abduction plan of the governor's daughter.

Nozdrov went to visit Chichiku, who still sick. The landowner told Paul Ivanovich about the situation in the city and rumors who go about Chikchiki.

Chapter 11.

In the morning, everything went not according to plan: chischiki woke up later than planned, the horses were not counted, the wheel is faulty. After all, everything was ready.

On the way, Chichikov met the funeral procession - the prosecutor died. Next, the reader learns about the pavel Ivanovich chikchiki. Parents were nobles who had only one fortress family. One day, Father took a little Paul with him to the city to give the child to the school. Father punished his son to listen to teachers and please the heads, friends do not start, money take care of. In the School of Chichotes differed in addition. He since childhood, I understood how to increase money: I sold the patties from the market with hungry classmates, trained the mouse to show the tricks for the fee, looked out of wax figures.

Chichikov was on a good account. After some time, he translated the family to the city. Chichikova manila a rich life, he actively tried to break into people, but hardly fell into the official ward. Chichikov did not be gone to use people for their own purposes, he was not ashamed of such an attitude. After the case with one old official, on whose daughters Chichiki was even going to marry to get a position, Chikchikova's career sharply went up. And that official has long talked about how Pavel Ivanovich deceived him.

He served in many departments, everywhere chitril and Zhulnichl, deployed a whole campaign directed against corruption, although he was a bribe. Chichiki engaged in construction, but after several years later the declared house was not built, but in those who led the construction, new buildings appeared. Chichiki began smuggling, for which he got under the trial.

He again began his career from the lowest stage. He was engaged in having passed the documents on the peasants to the guardian council, where he was paid for every peasant. But once Pavel Ivanovich was reported that even if the peasants died, but they were lying on the record alive, money will also pay. So Chichikova had an idea to buy the dead in fact, but alive on the documents of the peasants to sell the souls in the guardian council.

Volume 2.

The chapter begins with the description of nature and land owned by Andrei Tetenestikov, Barina 33 years old, who thoughtlessly spends his time: woke up late, washed away for a long time, "he was not a bad man, he was just the Sky Speaker." After a series of unsuccessful reforms aimed at improving the life of the peasants, he stopped communicating with the surrounding, completely lowered his hands, the miring in the same infinity of everyday life.

Chichikov comes to the tenterestov and, using his ability to find an approach to any person, remains from Andrei Ivanovich for a while. Chichiki was now cautious and delicate when it matches the dead shower. With Tetenechnic Chichotes did not yet spoke about it, but the Andrei Ivanovich was a little conversations about the marriage.

Chichikov goes to General Betrischev, a man of a majestic outforth, which combined a lot of advantages and many flaws. Beetrishchev introduces Chichikov with his daughter a good time, in which the tenterests loved. Chichiki joked a lot, which was able to achieve the location of the general. I use the case, Chichikov comprises a story about the old Uncle, who obsessed with dead souls, but the general does not believe him, considering it another joke. Chichikov hurries to leave.

Pavel Ivanovich heads to the Colonel Koshkarev, but he gets to Peter Petukhu, who cares completely naked during a sturgeon hunting. Having learned that the estate was laid, Chichikov wanted to leave, but getting acquainted here with Platonov's landowner, who tells about the ways to increase wealth than chikchiki inspired.

Colonel Koshkareva, who divided his lands to sites and manufactories, was also nothing to be reached, so Chichots accompanied by Platonov and Konstantongo rides to Hobuev, which sells his estate for a snot. Chichikov gives a deposit for the estate, lent the amount of Konstantanglo and Platonov. In the house Pavel Ivanovich expects to see empty rooms, but "was amazed mixed poverty with brilliant baubles of the later luxury." Chichikov gets dead souls from the neighbor of Lenizna, enchanting the ability to tick the child. The narrative is broken.

It can be assumed that since the purchase of the estate passed some time. Chichikov comes to the fair to buy a cloth for a new costume. Chichikov meets Hobuev. He is dissatisfied with Chichikov's deception, because of which the inheritance was almost lost. Chichikov detected denunciations on the deception of Hobuyev and the dead shower. Chichikova is arrested.

Muzzles, a recent acquaintance of Pavel Ivanovich, an otkupeker, who was fraudulent by himself a million state, finds Pavel Ivanovich in the basement. Chikchikov tears his hair and mourns the loss of a casket with securities: Chichikov was not allowed to dispose of many personal things, including a casket where there was enough money to give security for herself. Muzzles motivates Chichikov to live honestly, not to violate the law and not deceive people. It seems that his words were able to hurt some strings in the soul of Pavel Ivanovich. Officials, counting to get a bribe from Chichikov, confuse the case. Chichikov leaves the city.
 

Conclusion

The "dead souls" shows a wide and truthful picture of Russia's life of the second half of the XIX century. Along with the beautiful nature, picturesque villages, in which the originality of the Russian man is felt, against the backdrop of space and freedom, greed, stubbornness and unfortunate desire of the profit are shown. Arbitration of landlords, poverty and missing peasants, a hedonistic understanding of life, bureaucracy and irresponsibility - all this is shown in the text of the work, as in the mirror. Meanwhile, Gogol believes in a bright future, because no wonder the second volume was conceived as the "moral cleansing of Chichikov." It is in this work that the Gogolian manner of reality reflection is most clearly noticeable.

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/ / "Dead Souls" in the poem Gogol "Dead Souls"

The immortal poem of Gogol "" opens up before us not only the life and morals of the Russian society of the mid-19th century, but also shows human flavors that were inherent in him. The central place in its work the author pays a new sample to a person - the entrepreneur Chikchiku Pavel Ivanovich.

The main character of nature endowed non-sex mental abilities. In his head, a brilliant scam was originated and found. Having found no accuracy in the then legislation, decides to issue a bank loan, and put the peasant souls in the pledge. Only in fact, these peasants were already dead long ago, but on paper were still alive and healthy. To exercise his idea of \u200b\u200bChichikov, goes to the city of NN, where the dead peasant souls are bought for a penny for the pennies.

The chief hero manages to position all officials and landowners of the city of NN. About Chikchiki begin to speak, as a business and decent person. Each official and landowner tries to invite Paul Ivanovich to his visit, and he gladly agrees.

Before us opens a whole Pleiad of landowners who themselves are strong and bright personalities, but who closed in their own world.

For example, the landowner was a smart and educated person. In society he walked aesthet. But he could not realize himself. Manilov became hostage of his dreams and air locks. He was not accustomed to physical work, all his plans remained only by plans, and he looked at the world "through rose glasses."

As opposed to Manilov, Gogol shows us a landowner of Sobevich. He was a man of physical labor. His goal was sought by force and smelting. Soberevich was alien to dreams. The only thing that interested him was material wealth. Trying even for the dead souls of their peasants to pull the maximum price.

The next we get acquainted with the landowner by a box, to which chikhiki gets accidental. Symbolizes stagnation and limited. This is confirmed by the clock in her house, which have long stopped. The purpose of her life was the sale of hemp and fluff.

The landowner Nozdrev became the embodiment of a wide Russian soul. Azart and adventurism became the basic principles of the life of Nozdrev. For him, there was neither customs or laws. He lived on the call of his heart.

The last landowner, with whom Gogol introduces, became. The author responds about him as "river on the body of mankind." Plushkin brought his life to thoughtless accumulation. Even with a huge state, he was hungry and morified his peasants hunger.

Characteristic is that all these "different" people of Chichik managed to find an approach and get the desired. With one, it is soft and brought up, with others - solid and rough, with the third - cunning and calculating. All these qualities, cutter and intelligence, perseverance make us admire the main hero of the poem "Dead Souls".

To understand the inner world of Chichikov, turns to the childhood of the main character and to those conditions in which the little Pavlusch rose. The only children's memory of Chichikova became the instructions of the Father about the need to "take a penny". And therefore, all his life, the main character was devoted to the execution of the Testament of the Father.

In the "Dead Souls" we can see many human vices, which are reflected in the images of the heroes of the work. Gogol with anxiety and experienced referred to such a situation and hoped that the time and the "dead souls" would come and would come true.