Fairy tales and p Tokmakova. Three "evening fairy tales" Lion and Irina Tokmakov

Children's poet and prosaik, translator of children's poems, winner of the State Prize of Russia for works for children and young people (for the book "Happy Way!"). Irina Petrovna has always been an excellent student: school finished with a gold medal, having special successes in literature and English; Enrolling without exams on Philfak MSU, he graduated with honors; Learning in graduate school combined with the work of the translator. Listen to Tokmakova's works for school and younger children.

Once I. Tokmakova accompanied foreign energy users - there were only five of them, but they came from different countries, so the young translator had to speak English, French and Swedish at the same time! Swedish energy was an older man - he was amazed that the young Muscovite not only speaks his native language, but also quotes him the lines of Swedish poets. Returning to Stockholm, he sent Irina Petrovna a collection of Swedish folk songs. This small book, taken out of the parcel, in fact, cool will change the fate of I. Tokmakova, although no one suspected about it ...

Lion Tokmakov (he himself tried to write poems) involuntarily heard Swedish lullabies in the execution of his wife, became interested and offered their editorial board of Murzilka magazine, with whom she collaborated. There was the first publication I. Tokmakova. Then the poems of the songs translated from the Swedish language were collected in a separate book "water the bees dance", but I was not illustrated by L. Tokmakov, but the famous artist A.V. Cocker. But the second book I. Tokmakova: "Kroashka Willy Winks" (translation from the Scottish People's Song) - came out already in the illustrations of L.A. Tokmakova. Willy Vinki is a gnome, similar to Ole Luka from the fairy tale. Andersen. After the "crumbs", Irina Petrovna took into an alliance of writers - on the recommendation of the S.Ya. Marshak! So I. Tokmakova, abandoning the career of the scientist, philologist, the teacher, became a children's poet and writer. But not only - the range of literary classes Irina Petrovna is extremely wide.

The creative Union of Irina and Lion Tokmakov successfully developed. Irina Tokmakova, who came out in the 1960s, illustrated the artist Leo Tokmakov: "Trees" (1962), "Kukarek" (1965), "Carousel" (1967), "Evening Tale" (1968). Irina Petrovna is the author not only of poetic books, but also a significant number of fabulous ages: such as "Ala, Kleaxich and the letter" A "," maybe zero is not to blame? "," Happily, Ivushkin! "," Rostik and Kesha " "Marusya will not return" and others. They went out in the illustrations like L. Tokmakov and other artists (V. Dugina, B. Lapshina, Makaveva, V. Chizhikov and others).

Irina Tokmakova, in turn, carried out work with works of foreign children's authors as a translator. In translations or regulations of Irina Petrovna, Russian-speaking children met famous heroes of John

M. Barry, Lewis Carroll, Pamela Travers and others. I.P. Tokmakova transferred a huge number of poems from the languages \u200b\u200bof the peoples of the USSR and the world: Armenian, Bulgarian, Vietnamese, Hindi, Czech and others. As a poet translator, Irina Petrovna often "Got" on the pages of the magazine "Cukumber". According to I. Tokmakova: "As an integral part of beauty, poetry is designed to save the world. Save from grief, pragmatism and stying, which are trying to build in virtue. "

In 2004, President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin sent congratulations on the 75th anniversary I.P. Tokmakova, who made a huge contribution to both the domestic and world children's literature. Irina Petrovna - a long-recognized authority and in the pedagogical area. She is the author and co-author of a set of hostels for children of preschool and younger school age. Together with the son of Vasilya (once hearing Swedish folk songs in his mother's execution) I.P. Tokmakova wrote the book "Together we read, together play, or in the adventure in Tutitisia", marked as "a guide for a beginner mother and an advanced baby." The older Tokmakov also left a trace in the children's literature and as a writer: in 1969, the Mishin Gemstone book was published, which Lev Alekseevich himself wrote and illustrated.

Born Irina Petrovna Tokmakova On March 3, 1929, in the intelligent family of electrical engineering engineer Petra Karpovich Manukov and Children's doctor Lydia Alexandrovna Diligent.
From the small age, Tokmakova wrote poems, but he seriously did not perceive his passion and therefore chose the profession of the linguist. Irina Petrovna graduated from school with honors, with a gold medal. Received at the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University. In 1953 he graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University, he studied in graduate school on general and comparative linguistics. At the same time worked as a translator.
A big role at the beginning of the creative path was played by her husband, an illustrator Lion Lev Tokmakov, he took the translation of Swedish poems to the publishing house, where they were accepted for printing.
A year later, the first book of own poems was published - "Trees" - made with Lev Tokmakov.
Peru Tokmakova belongs to educational stories for children of preschool age and classic translations of English and Swedish folklore poems.
Irina Petrovna Tokmakova, the winner of the State Prize of Russia for works for children and the youth (for the book "Happy Way!").
Later, a large number of works were released for children: "Seasons", "Pines are noisy", "Tale about Sasanchik", "Zhenka-Covenant", "on native land: legend", "Summer Shine", "Enchanted Xields", "

Tales Tokmakova. Irina Petrovna Tokmakova (born on March 3, 1929) - a children's poet and a prose, translator of children's poems. Its Peru owns several educational tales for children for children of preschool age and the classic translations of the English and Swedish folklore poems. Wife artist illustrator Lion Tokmakova.

Born in Moscow, Father - Electrical Engineer, Peter Karpovich, Mother - Lydia Alexandrovna, Children's doctor, headed "House of Vodkin".

Since childhood, she wrote poems, but she believed that she had no literary abilities, so he chose a linguist profession. In 1953 he graduated from the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University, he studied in graduate school on general and comparative linguistics. At the same time worked as a translator.

Artistic translations of children's poems began with the fact that the Swedish energy engineer Mr. Burgquisist arrived in Russia, who, having acquainted with the young translator, found out that she loves Swedish poetry, and later sent her a collection of Swedish folk children's song for a small son. The first translations of the verses were done for personal use, but her husband, Leo Tokmakov, took them to the publisher, and they were adopted.

A year later, the first book of own poems was published - "Trees" - made with Lev Tokmakov.

Children's poet, prose and translator of children's poems Irina Petrovna Tokmakovaborn in Moscow on March 3, 1929 in the family of electrical engineer and children's physician, head of the "House of Vodkinysh".
Irina poems wrote from childhood, but she believed that she had no writer's abilities. School graduated with a gold medal, entered the philological faculty of Moscow State University. In 1953, after graduation, he entered the graduate school on the general and comparative linguistics, worked as a translator. Married, gave birth to a son.
Once the Swedish energy engineer Burgquisist arrived in Russia, who, having acquainted with Irina, sent her a book of children's songs in Swedish as a gift. Irina translated these verses for her son. But the husband, the artist-illustrator Lion Tokmakov, carried out translations to the publisher, and soon they came out in the form of a book.
Soon the book of own poems of Irina Tokmakova for children, created jointly with her husband, is "trees". She immediately became a classic of children's poetry. Then a prose appeared: "Alya, Kleaxich and the letter" A "," Maybe zero is not guilty? "," Happily, Ivushkin "," pines are noisy "," and the fun morning will come "and many other tales and fairy tales. Irina Tokmakova also translates from many European languages, Tajik, Uzbek, Hindi.
Irina Tokmakova - Laureate of the State Prize of Russia, the winner of the Russian Literary Prize named after Alexander Green (2002).

This interview is late for 3 years. Irina Petrovna Tokmakova is always very precisely and demanding about the Word - this time she wanted to have "faithful intonation". But when the time came the time of the final closer, Irina Petrovna began to bring health, and we postponed the coordination of the material indefinitely. Unfortunately, during the lifetime of Irina Petrovna, we never returned to our conversation. And the day before yesterday, April 5, at the age of 89, it was not.

Sticking, we still decided to publish this interview in memory of the wonderful children's writer, the poetess and the translator, the author of the story-fairy tales "maybe zero is not to blame?", "Happy path", "Alya, Kleaxich and the letter A", "happily Ivushkin! ", Poems and plays, translations of English and Swedish poetry and prose, among which" Alice in the Magic Country "Lewis Carroll," Wind in Iwah "Kennet Graham," Mumi-Troll and a Cologge hat "Tuva Janson," Winnie Pooh And his friends "Alan Milna.

We very much hope that this conversation will be a reason for all of us to open together with the children of the book of Irina Petrovna Tokmakova and at least on the evening to dive into the fabulous world to which she devoted his whole life.

Irina Petrovna, why fairy tales?

But these songs and dancing kids learned against the background of terrible hunger. You know, wooden bowls in the canteens were holes - not because the dyeing dishes, but because the kids were so embarrassed by spoons of the bottom. And when Mom gave me some money, I went to the bazaar and bought candy on them. What kind of them was joy! At that time, I helped mom's round days. Walked with them, laid sleep. I am very used to children, loved them. Then I started writing fairy tales and tell them before bedtime. Children from early childhood entered into my soul. There was never a desire to be an adult prose. And if I wrote a lyrics, then rarely, for the soul.

Already then you understood that the writhe is your luck?

Literature has always been easy to me. A cool essay for the lesson wrote and yourself, and a neighbor on the desk. She wrote poems, of course. But then it turned out a breakdown. My daughter Lebedev-Kumacha, Marina. I asked her to show my poems Father. He read and wrote an adult review, referring to me as an adult author. He did not like some images. He said that it could not be so that I need to write plot poems. But this is such an authority. I followed his recommendations and broke on it. Then he wrote anything for a long time.

It is good that the evacuation was a good teaching of English. I was fascinated by a foreign language and began to prepare for the philfak. To go without exams, I needed a gold medal. And all the time I was engaged. Mom chasing a walk, but I put myself a goal - a medal. Received without exams, but the poems abandoned finally.

And when did you return to fairy tales?

I returned to the fairy tales through the translations of the English and Swedish poems. By specialty I am a linguist, ending the Romano-German branch. He studied in the graduate school of the Faculty of Philology at the Department of General and Comparative Linguistics. I had a small child, a tiny scholarship, and in parallel I worked as a guide translator. And in one of the international delegations of power engineers, a very famous Mr. Borquist approached me in his environment. We talked, and he was touched when I read him the poem of Gustav Freding in Swedish (this is my second language).

When Mr. Borquist returned to Stockholm, he sent me a tomik of Freding poems, and since I had a little son, put another book of children's folk songs. I really wanted to translate them. I translated, and my husband painted an illustration for them and took the songs to Detgiz (now this is the publisher "Children's literature"). And they just thought to publish a series of folk songs. And immediately everyone took me. I really like this thing, and I decided to continue. Then in Leninok, where I worked on the dissertation, I found Scottish folk songs. They seemed charming. I translated them, and they were also immediately taken.

Translation - in fact a new product. Have you had to adapt texts for small readers?

English fairy tales are very different from ours. They are more absurd, and in Russian - melodies, lulling, movement. They are dynamic, but not precipitated, but in English folklore there is a lot of incomprehensible, it is driving. The fact that I translated is the Trilogy of Edith, this is the beginning of the 20th century. Nice fairy tales, but there is some delay, old-fashionedness. I had to adapt, but not very interfering.

Although sometimes the translation becomes more popular than the original. For example, the translation of the Fairy Tales "Winnie Pooh" Boris Nodoka. He really likes children. But the approach made a lot of his own, as he himself said, "added goal". I made my translation of the Winnie Pooh, on the intonation he is closer to the author. But this translation came out once, and it is impossible to reissue - all rights bought, you will not approach. What I translated the Word into the Word is "Mio, My Mio" Astrid Lindgren. It is so widely written, this language is wonderful. But "Peter Peng" seemed difficult to me, tightened, nonsense, so there is a small intervention. She was still transferred to Tuva Jansson. A widely published translation seemed to me dryly. The translator knows the language, but he is a teacher and a scientist more than a writer.

And when did you know yourself?

At that time I graduated from graduate school and began to work as a teacher of English in Fiztech in Dolgoprudny. The road took a lot of time, besides, I got sick. Then the husband insisted that I left the job and took up translations. And after these translations, the poem "on the apple tree" suddenly appeared to me in the summer. And then I came up with writing a whole children's cycle about the trees. It was not very smooth immediately, but with a lot of effort it turned out. And my husband, besides the artist, edited well. He illustrated these verses and edited. Now the book "Trees" is permanently.

The ideas of all works appear "suddenly"?

A whole educational cycle of fairy tales asked me to write in the "Murzilka". The request in the editorial office was such that something about Russian appears. I wrote a fairy tale "Alya, Kleaxic and the letter A" about the Russian alphabet. There all letters - revived characters. Kleaxic drove the letter I, and the girl Alya could not sign a letter to mom. And here Alya with the letter and traveled alphabetically.

Then there was the second book - "Alya, Kleaxic and Harry" - the basic rules of the Russian language for the first class. Then "Alya, Anton and Copper" is the second class. Another fairy tale about the numbers. The character from the task disappears there, and it is impossible to solve it. And the last of the Ali Adventures series is about English. There, frown, I wrote some poems in English. By the way, the name of the heroine is Alya, the reduction from the complete "Alexander" - came from Pakhmutova. We were well acquainted with their family.

Often real people act as prototypes of your heroes?

Much I take from my life. For example, we had an Erdelterier. And so I wrote a fairy tale in which the dog understood the human language if a kind man was talking to her, and only Lai heard unacceptable. I wrote the main character from my pet. Later there was a book "And the fun morning will come," this is a fairy tale, where the girl gets into the post-war time in the city of Krurtogorsk, whose prototype was Penza of our evacuation. And in the fairy tale, "Marusya will return" the main character lived in the country, which I wrote down with my. In a fairy tale, a speaking house appears, whose name was Green Klim. We are still so calling our country house. In "happily, Ivushkin!" The house is also real, in such we lived in the Kostroma region. Almost everywhere, where there is a description of the house, appears the interior of my giving or places where I had to live. But children's characters fictional.

And the son of the fairy tale was composed?

For the son's fairy tale did not compose. True, one had to. As a child, he fell very badly. And I came up with the "evening fairy tale" in which the boy does not want to sleep, so the owls decided to drag him and turn him into the Council so that he did not sleep at night. On this fairy tale, the play "Zhenka-Counter" is written.

The instructive elements in the fairy tale are thinking in advance, for example, now there will be a fairy tale about friendship or now about how it is useful to go to bed early?

I do not do it consciously: now I will write morality. This comes from the subconscious, it gets out of the covers. For example, in a fairy tale "happily, Ivushkin!" I did not think: it is necessary to write that children should not doubt their parents. Itself happened.

I am writing, not thinking over the whole fairy tale. This play is thought out for action. When I write a prose, I release the heroes on the page and do not know what will happen next. They begin to live. I just watch them. Never know in advance what they do.

I appreciate Samuel Marshak highly. And recommendations depend on age. "Guys and beasts" - for the smallest, "like a grunger broke a book" - for schoolchildren. And I really love the "quiet fairy tale" - very glorious, good poem about the hedgehogs. I love the works of Leo Cassil. For example, "Great confrontation" is perfect for middle-aged children. A lot of good prose for preschoolers and the smallest of Vitaly Bianki - about nature, about animals. The witty and adorable book of the "Adventures of Captain Carrunel" Andrei Nekrasova.

The secret of a good fairy tale - always remember that the fairy tale is written for a child. When I look at some modern cartoons, it's annoying from what everything is there: the authors demonstrate themselves, their fantasy and skill. There is only one - love for children.

How do you think what is the secret of the success of your books?

First, love for children. To the children's writer, first of all, you need to love children. Secondly, knowledge of child psychology and professional approach. Writing fairy tales is a serious profession. Compared to Marshak, Barto, Mikhalkov Much now looks amateur. And my personal secret is: I was very strictly suitable for myself and worked a lot. Short verse about pines I wrote two months. The spouse helped, was the editor, he always disassembled a lot of options, seeking perfection. And I could not afford to fuzzy rhyme, a rhythm interruption. Requirement to ourselves is very important for the present, not momentary success.

Catherine Lulchak talked

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about the author

He graduated from the philosophical faculty of Moscow State University, defended her thesis on political science and learned in VGIK on the screenwriter. He worked as a scientific journalist in RBC, writing a article about unusual people for the "light" and social problems in Orthodoxy.ru. After 10 years of work in journalism, officially admitted to the love of psychology, becoming a student of the faculty of clinical psychology MGPU. But the journalist always remains a journalist. Therefore, the lectures of Catherine draws not only new knowledge, but also topics for future articles. The passion for clinical psychology is fully separated by the spouse of Catherine and her daughter, recently solemnly renamed a teddy hippo hippo in the hypothalamus.