The image of Oblomov as a type of "excess person" in the Russian literature of the XIX century round. The cooking "can be" superfluous "a good person? (2) What is common to Oblomov with "superfluous people"
In Russian literature, the second half of the XIX century you can find many interesting heroes. But, I think the most colorful and ambiguous is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - the protagonist of the same name Roman I. A. Goncharov.
"How many people are so many opinions" - Public wisdom says. Everyone can evaluate Ilya Ilyich in accordance with his feeling. I consider Oblomov a good person. This opinion was based on the assessment of the relationship between the main character with other characteristics of the novel.
Oblomov can not be submitted outside the sofa. The essence of Ilya Ilyich is brightly manifested at home, where he lives with the old servant. The main character is good, in a friendly one refers to Zakhara, who knows from the youngsters. Sometimes it is suitable for "pathetic scenes", but it does not go further. Even noticing the theft of the old man, does not sharpen much attention on this. Lazy Oblomov knows that one cannot exist alone, and therefore loves Zakhar for his patience.
From early childhood, a friend of the main character is Andrei Ivanovich Stolz. What could be an interesting energetic and independent gallery in the broom? Andrei Ivanovich appreciates Ilya Ilyich for his mind, simplicity, tenderness and sincerity and "pulls out" the hero from a different kind of "fading". For this, bugs love and immensely respects the gallery. In addition, Andrei Ivanovich introduces Ilya Ilyich with Olga Ilinskaya.
Oblomov does not pursue low targets in relationships with a young young lady. Everything in his soul occurs simply and naturally. If the thoughts and phrases of Oblomov, said Olga, would belong to someone else, they could be considered vulgarity and pretense. But we understand the sincerity of Ilya Ilyich: "Olga realized that his word had breaking out ... and that it was truth." Ilyinskaya herself, first only wanted with the help of the hero to rise in his own and other people's eyes, falls in love with such a meek, decent, somewhat naive man. He is really different. Ilya Ilyich thinks about other people's people, even if it is unprofitable.
To do not give God, do not disappoint an inexperienced girl in her feelings, he is even ready to abandon his love: "Before you, not the one you've been waiting for, about whom I dreamed ..." Oblomov, first of all thinks about strangers, is afraid that it is disappointed in it .
This is the defining line of relations of Ilya Ilyich with other "Oblomov" characters. His house is very rarely empty. All nice to society of the hero. Oblomov does not refuse anything: who needs a council, gives advice; Who needs to eat, will invite to dinner. Tarantyev always takes from Ilya Ilyich everything he needs: Frak ... His simplicity gives some reason to fraud, but it seems the Lord himself on the side of the hero. From each grip, the breakfasts comes out safely. Forced to sign a "borrowed letter" - Spas Stolz, sewed a fraudster into the estate - saved galley, did not have a relationship with Olga, Stolz did not help - found Agafia Matveyevna. Nothing can distract Ilya Ilyich from "rest and peaceful fun."
Goncharov showed a smart, calm, decent, simple, at the same time able to love, sincere, somewhat naive hero, for which "Lena - lifestyle".
Can a person endowed with such qualities be bad? I think there is no. Moreover, I have not met such a wonderful hero in any literature.
You might think that unambiguously positive character if there is, it will definitely be "superfluous", but it only seems. Oblomov left behind a living reminder - Andryushenka. After the death of Ilya Ilyich, Agafia Matveyevna thought about his aimlessly lived life. Olga was formed as a personality as a result of the influence of Oblomov. No wonder about the dead hero, the Agafia Matveyevna, and the spouses of the gallery, are remembered every day. A good man, especially if he is bugs, can not live without a trace.
But we see that it is not. Therefore, I believe that a good person cannot be unnecessary.
The first impression that makes the reader of the Hero of Roman I. Thrycharov "Oblomov", is the impression of laziness, immobility, boredom. The stringently turning the tone at the beginning of the ninth chapter of the novel "Sleep Oblomov": "Where are we? What is the blessed corner of the earth ...
I.A.Gongcharov worked on the novel of "Oblomov" for ten years. In this novel, the author expressed his convictions and hopes, displaced the problems that worried him, revealed the causes of these problems. Therefore, the image of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov and Andrei Ivanovich Stolz ...
It can be said that the Roman Goncharov "Oblomov" is built on generalized and exaggerated images. This is also visible in the description of the main characters, and in the articles contained in the work. In particular, the author appears to us the mythological, idealized ...
Eternal images - characters of literary works that went beyond the work. They are found in other works: novels, plays, titles. Their names have become nominable, often used as epithets, indicate some qualities ...
"Oblomov" is a socio-psychological novel written in the 19th century. In the work, the author affects a number of social and philosophical problems, including the issues of human interaction with society. The protagonist of the Roman - Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is "an extra person," who does not know how to adapt to a new, rapidly-free world, change itself and its views for the sake of a bright future. That is why one of the most acute conflicts in the work is opposed to the passive, inert hero of an active society, in which the bugs cannot find a worthy place.
What is common in Oblomov with "superfluous people"?
In Russian literature, such a type of hero as "an extra person" appeared in the early 20s of the 19th century. For this character, it was characterized by alienation from the usual noble environment and in general the entire official life of Russian society, since he felt boredom and his superiority (both intellectual and moral) over the rest. "An extra person" is full of mental fatigue, can say a lot, but do nothing, very skeptical.
At the same time, the hero is always the heir to a good condition, which he, however, does not try to increase.
And indeed, Oblomov, having received an inheritance from their parents more than the estate, could easily settle things there in order to live in full-time from the farm. However, the spiritual fatigue and the boring hero of the boredom prevented the beginning of any cases - from the banal need to get out of bed before writing the letter to the elder.
Ilya Ilyich does not associate itself with the society that Goncharov brightly depicted the first works when visitors come to the broom. Each guest for the hero is like a cardboard scenery, with which it practically does not interact, setting between the other and herself a kind of barrier, hiding behind the blanket. Oblomov does not want as others to go to visit, communicate with hypocritical and not interesting people who disappointed him even during the service - coming to work, Ilya Ilyich hoped that everything would be the same friendly family, as in the crushing, but faced With a situation where every person "for himself". The discomfort, not the ability to find his public calling, the feeling of unnecessaryness in the "Nefrug" world leads to an escapherm of the hero, immersion in the illusions and memories of the beautiful Oblombovsky past.
In addition, the "superfluous" person always does not fit in due time, rejecting him and acting on the system dictating him and the value of the system. In contrast to the romantic tradition, they always seek forward, leading their time, Pechorin and Onegin, or the character of the Enlightenment of Chatsky, towering over the mosted in ignorance by society, Oblomov - the image of a realistic tradition, the hero seeking not in front of transformations and new discoveries (in society either in his soul), an excellent distant future, and a faith-oriented and important thing for him, "Oblomovochina".
Love "Excess Human"
If in the question of the temporary orientation of the bugs differs from the "extra heroes preceding it, then in love affairs their fate is very similar. Like Pechorin or Onegin, the bugs are afraid of love, is afraid of what can change and become different or adversely affect his beloved - until the degradation of her personality. On the one hand, parting with the beloved is always a noble step from the "extension hero", on the other, this is the manifestation of infantilism - Oblomov was an appeal to the "Oblomovsky" childhood, where they decided everything for him, they cared for him and everyone was allowed.
"An extra person" is not ready for fundamental, sensual love for a woman, for him it is important not how much the real beloved, how many independently created, inaccessible image - we see the feelings of Onegin to Tatiana, and illusory, "spring" feelings Oblomov to Olga. "Extensive person" needs a muse - beautiful, unusual and inspiring (for example, like Bella with Pechorin). However, not finding such a woman, the hero falls into another extreme - finds a woman who would replace his mother and created the atmosphere of distant childhood.
Not similar at first glance and Onegin are equally suffering from loneliness in the crowd, but if Eugene does not refuse secular life, then for Oblomov, the only way out is immersed in itself.
Is the man of obcomments?
The "extra person" in the broom is perceived by other characters other than similar heroes in the preceding works. Oblomov - a kind, simple, honest person who sincerely wants a quiet, calm happiness. He is sympathetic not only to the reader, but also the people around him - no wonder because of school years, his friendship with the gallery and Zakhar continues to serve the Barin. Moreover, Olga and Agafia were sincerely loved by Oblomov precisely for its mental beauty, dying under the pressure of apathy and inertness.
What is the reason that from the very appearance of the novel in the press criticism was determined by Oblomov as a "excess person", because the hero of realism, unlike the characters of romanticism, is this typed image that combines the features of the whole group of people? Depicting Oblomov in Roman, Goncharov wanted to show not one "extra" person, but a whole social layer of educated, wealthy, intelligent, mental people who could not find themselves in rapidly changing, new Russian society. The author emphasizes the tragedy of the situation when, without knowing how to change together with the circumstances, such "brooms" slowly die, continuing to hold on to the long time, but still important and heating the soul memories of the past.
10 classes will be especially useful to familiarize themselves with the above arguments before writing an essay on the topic "Oblomov and" Extra People "."
Oblomov and "extra person" What is common - an essay on the topic |
The main hero of Roman I. A. Goncharova is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, soft, a kinderman who can experience a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to cross over yourself - get up from the sofa, to do any activity and even settle your own business. But if at the beginning of the novel, the bugs appear before us as a lessel, then with each new page we are increasingly penetrating the hero in the soul - light and clean.
In the first chapter, we meet with insignificant people - familiar Ilya Ilyich, surrounding it in St. Petersburg, engaged in a barren bustle, creating the visibility of action. In contact with these people, the essence of Oblomov is increasingly revealed. We see that Ilya Ilyich has such important quality that few people have as a conscience. With each line, the reader knows the wonderful soul of Oblomov, and it is this that Ilya Ilyich stands out from the crowd of the busy, calculating, heartless, concerned only by his person's person: "The soul is so open and easily glowing in the eyes, in a smile, in every movement of his head, his hands" .
Having excellent internal qualities, bugs are also educated, smart. He knows what constitutes the true values \u200b\u200bof life - not money, not wealth, but high mental qualities, flight of feelings.
So why does such a smart and educated person do not want to work? The answer is simple: Ilya Ilyich just like Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin, does not see the meaning and purpose of such labor, such a lifetime. He does not want to work so much. "This is not a permitted question, this dissatisfied doubt is depleted by the forces, go on activities; Hands are lowered by his hands, and he throws work without seeing him of the goal, "wrote Pisarev.
Goncharov does not introduce a single extra person in the novel - all the heroes with each step more and more open to us Oblomov. The author introduces us with a gallery - at first glance, the perfect hero. He is hardworking, calculating, practical, punctual, he himself managed to pierce his way in life, I got caught, deserved respect and recognition in society. Why does he all need it? What good brought his works? What is their goal?
The task of the gallery is to get a job in life, that is, to gain sufficient livelihoods, family status, rank, and, having achieved all this, he stops, the hero does not continue its development, he is content with what has already has. Is it possible to call such a person perfect? Oblomov cannot live for the sake of material well-being, he must constantly develop, improve his inner world, and this cannot be achieved, because the soul does not know the borders in its development. It is in this bugs that surpasses gallets.
But the main storyline in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilinskaya. It was here that the hero is revealed to us from the best side, its most cherished corners of the soul opens. Olga wakes up the best qualities in the soul of Ilya Ilya, but they live in a broomstorm for a short time: too different were Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. It is characterized by harmony of mind and hearts, will, which hero is not able to understand and accept. Olga is full of vital energy, she strives for high - art and awakens the same feelings in Ilya Ilich, but he is so far from her lifestyle, which soon re-changed romantic walks on a soft sofa and a warm bathrobe. It would seem that there is not enough breakdown, why not marry Olga, who adopted his proposal. But no. He does not go like everything. Oblomov decides to interrupt relations with Olga for the sake of her good; He comes as many people familiar with us: Pechorin, Onegin, Rudin. All of them leave loved ones, not wanting to hurt them. "In relation to women, all the bumps behave equally shamefully. They do not know how to love and do not know what to look for in love, just as in life in life ... ", - writes Dobrolyubov in his article" What is the breakdown? ".
Ilya Ilyich decides to stay with Agafie Matveyevna, to which he also feeds feelings, but completely different than to Olga. For him, Agafya Matveyevna was closer, "in her eternally moving elbows, into carefully stopping in all her eyes, in eternal walking from the kitchen in the storage room." Ilya Ilyich lives in a cozy, comfortable house, where in the first place was always located, and his beloved woman would be a continuation of the hero. It would seem to live and live a hero long and happily. No, such a life in the wheat house was not normal, long, healthy, on the contrary, she accelerated the transition of Oblomov from sleep on the sofa to the eternal sleep - death.
Reading the novel, unwittingly ask for a question: why does everyone pull to the bummer? It is obvious that each of the heroes finds in it a part of good, purity, revelations - all of what is so lacking people. All, starting with Volkova and ending Agafie Matveyevna, was looking for and, most importantly, they found the necessary for themselves, for their heart, soul. But anywhere, the bugs were not his own, there was no such person who was truly agrees the hero. And the problem lies not in the people around him, but in it itself.
Goncharov in her novel showed different types of people, they all went before the broom. The author showed us that Ilya Ilyich has no place in this life, as well as Onegin, Pechorin.
At the beginning of the XIX century, a number of works appear in Russian literature, the main problem of which is the conflict of man and society that has erected its environment. The most outstanding of them were "Eugene Onegin" A.S. Pushnina and "Hero of Our Time" M.Yu. Lermontov. This is how a special literary type is created and develops - the image of a "excess person", the hero, who did not find his place in society, not understand and rejected by the environment. This image was changed as society developed, acquiring new features, qualities, features, until he reached the brightest and complete incarnation in the Romana I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov".
The work of Goncharova is the story of the hero, who has no decisive fighters, but there is all the data to be a good, decent person. The writer "wanted to ensure that the random image flashed in front of him to build in type, give him a generic and constant meaning," wrote N.A. Dobrolyubs. Indeed, the bugs are not a new face in Russian literature, "but before it was not exhibited before us so simple and naturally, as in Roman Goncharov."
Why can Oblomov be called "extensive person"? What is the similarity and the distinction of this character with his famous predecessors - Onegin and Pechorin?
Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - Peaceless, sluggish, apathetic, torn off from real life: "Lying ... was his normal state." And this feature is -like, which distinguishes him from Pushkinsky and, especially, Lermontov's heroes.
Goncharov character life - pink dreams on a soft sofa. Slippers and bathrobes - integral satellites of Oblomovsky existence and bright accurate artistic parts that reveal the inner essence and external lifestyle of Oblomov. Living in the invented world, felling off with dust curtains from real reality, the hero dedicates their time to build unless plans, does not bring anything to the end. Any of his undertaking is comprehended by the fate of the book, which the brooms have read for several years on one page.
However, the inaction of the Goncharovsky Character was not erected into such an extreme degree, like Manilov from the poem N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls", and, as the Dobrolybov noted correctly, "Oblomov is not a stupid, apathetic nature, without aspirations and feelings, and a person is also looking for something in his life, about something thinking ...".
Like Onegin, and Pechorin, the hero of Goncharova in his youth was a romantic that thirsty of the ideal, which made it from the desire for activity, but, like him, the "color of life" Oblomov "blossomed and did not give fruits." Bakes were disappointed in life, cooled to the knowledge, realized all the timelessness of its existence and in the literal and figurative sense "lay down on a sofa", believing that this way could maintain the integrity of his personality.
So the hero and "lay" life, without bringing any visible benefit to society; "Speak" love, which passed by him. You can agree with the words of his friend of the gallery, figuratively prompted that the Oblomovsky "misfortunes began to wear stockings and ended in the inability to live."
Thus, the main difference between the "excess person" of Oblomov from the "extra people" of Onegin and Pechorin is that the latter denied public defects in action - real affairs and deeds (see the life of Onegin in the village, the communion of Pechorina with "Water Society") whereas the first "protested" on the sofa, spending his whole life in immobility and inaction. Therefore, if Onegin and Pechorin are "moral cripples" to a greater extent due to the fault of society, then obcomments are predominantly due to the fault of their own apathetic nature.
In addition, if the type of "excess person" is universal and is characteristic not only for Russian, but also foreign literature (B. Constgan, L. De Mussse, etc.), then, considering the features of the social and spiritual life of Russia of the XIX century, one can note What is the breakdown - the phenomenon of purely Russian, generated by the reality of that time. It was not by chance that Dobrolyubov saw in the rubber "Native, People's Type".
So, in Roman I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" The image of the "excess person" gets its final embodiment and development. If in the works of A.S. Pushkin and M.Yu. Lermontov reveals the tragedy of one human soul that did not find his place in society, then Goncharov depicts a whole phenomenon of Russian social and spiritual life, which received the name "Oblomeness" and enormously the basic vices of one of the characteristic types of noble youth of the 50s of the XIX century.
The main hero of Roman I. A. Goncharova is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, soft, a kinderman who can experience a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to cross over yourself - get up from the sofa, to do any activity and even settle your own business. But if at the beginning of the novel, the bugs appear before us as a lessel, then with each new page we are increasingly penetrating the hero in the soul - light and clean.
In the first chapter, we meet with insignificant people - familiar Ilya Ilyich, surrounding it in St. Petersburg, engaged in a barren bustle, creating the visibility of action. In contact with these people, the essence of Oblomov is increasingly revealed. We see that Ilya Ilyich has such important quality that few people have as a conscience. With each line, the reader knows the wonderful soul of Oblomov, and it is this that Ilya Ilyich stands out from the crowd of the busy, calculating, heartless, concerned only by his person's person: "The soul is so open and easily glowing in the eyes, in a smile, in every movement of his head, his hands" .
Having excellent internal qualities, bugs are also educated, smart. He knows what constitutes the true values \u200b\u200bof life - not money, not wealth, but high mental qualities, flight of feelings.
So why does such a smart and educated person do not want to work? The answer is simple: Ilya Ilyich just like Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin, does not see the meaning and purpose of such labor, such a lifetime. He does not want to work so much. "This is not a permitted question, this dissatisfied doubt is depleted by the forces, go on activities; Hands are lowered by his hands, and he throws work without seeing him of the goal, "wrote Pisarev.
Goncharov does not introduce a single extra person in the novel - all the heroes with each step more and more open to us Oblomov. The author introduces us with a gallery - at first glance, the perfect hero. He is hardworking, calculating, practical, punctual, he himself managed to pierce his way in life, I got caught, deserved respect and recognition in society. Why does he all need it? What good brought his works? What is their goal?
The task of the gallery is to get a job in life, that is, to gain sufficient livelihoods, family status, rank, and, having achieved all this, he stops, the hero does not continue its development, he is content with what has already has. Is it possible to call such a person perfect? Oblomov cannot live for the sake of material well-being, he must constantly develop, improve his inner world, and this cannot be achieved, because the soul does not know the borders in its development. It is in this bugs that surpasses gallets.
But the main storyline in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilinskaya. It was here that the hero is revealed to us from the best side, its most cherished corners of the soul opens. Olga wakes up the best qualities in the soul of Ilya Ilya, but they live in a broomstorm for a short time: too different were Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. It is characterized by harmony of mind and hearts, will, which hero is not able to understand and accept. Olga is full of vital energy, she strives for high - art and awakens the same feelings in Ilya Ilich, but he is so far from her lifestyle, which soon re-changed romantic walks on a soft sofa and a warm bathrobe. It would seem that there is not enough breakdown, why not marry Olga, who adopted his proposal. But no. He does not go like everything. Oblomov decides to interrupt relations with Olga for the sake of her good; He comes as many people familiar with us: Pechorin, Onegin, Rudin. All of them leave loved ones, not wanting to hurt them. "In relation to women, all the bumps behave equally shamefully. They do not know how to love and do not know what to look for in love, just as in life in life ... ", - writes Dobrolyubov in his article" What is the breakdown? ".
Ilya Ilyich decides to stay with Agafie Matveyevna, to which he also feeds feelings, but completely different than to Olga. For him, Agafya Matveyevna was closer, "in her eternally moving elbows, into carefully stopping in all her eyes, in eternal walking from the kitchen in the storage room." Ilya Ilyich lives in a cozy, comfortable house, where in the first place was always located, and his beloved woman would be a continuation of the hero. It would seem to live and live a hero long and happily. No, such a life in the wheat house was not normal, long, healthy, on the contrary, she accelerated the transition of Oblomov from sleep on the sofa to the eternal sleep - death.
Reading the novel, unwittingly ask for a question: why does everyone pull to the bummer? It is obvious that each of the heroes finds in it a part of good, purity, revelations - all of what is so lacking people. All, starting with Volkova and ending Agafie Matveyevna, was looking for and, most importantly, they found the necessary for themselves, for their heart, soul. But anywhere, the bugs were not his own, there was no such person who was truly agrees the hero. And the problem lies not in the people around him, but in it itself.
Goncharov in her novel showed different types of people, they all went before the broom. The author showed us that Ilya Ilyich has no place in this life, as well as Onegin, Pechorin.