Night of Healing full content. "night of healing" boris yekimov

"The importance of being on time"

(extracurricular reading lesson based on Boris Ekimov's story "The Night of Healing")

And they said everything passes

And will be forgotten in due time.

But the pain of war is alive among the people

And it ferments like juice in a birch.

S. Seleznev

Class type: literature lesson on modern domestic prose

Technology: problem-based learning.

Model: personal.

Goal setting:

Formation of skills of analysis of fragments of a work of art

Formation and expansion of knowledge about the ideological meaning of a work of art: revealing the meaning of the title of the work and comprehending the moral lessons contained in the content of the story.

Development of skills of argumentation of one's own point of view, discussion skills, development of a culture of communication.

To evoke an emotional response to the work, to lead students to comprehend the tragic fate of a person during the Great Patriotic War, to evoke the desire to treat a suffering person humanely, to teach warmth towards helpless old age, to share someone else's pain.

Equipment: a sheet from Ozhegov's dictionary; portraits of the writer; story texts; Microsoft PowerPoint presentation.

stand "And walks the Earth

Barefoot Memory is a little woman"

^ Lesson progress

1. Greeting

2. Introductory speech of the teacher:

Today, at an extracurricular reading lesson, we will talk about people who need our attention, our care. About people who survived the war, went a long way in life, experienced difficulties, and now they often feel forgotten and lonely. This topic is especially relevant in the year of the 65th anniversary of the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War. Boris Ekimov's story "The Night of Healing" speaks of the war not directly, but indirectly. The work is based on the inner drama of the heroine, connected with the experience during the long-ended war. Among the already few front-line soldiers awarded military decorations, we see women. Without them, there would be no Victory. These are women who, having shouldered the whole burden of men's work, also brought our Victory closer. It was they who saved the children and preserved their homes and families. Here's a short story by Boris Ekimov "The Night of Healing" about this and many other things.

^ 3. Writing in notebooks of the date, topic of the lesson, epigraph.

Before analyzing the story, let's listen to a report about the writer Boris Ekimov himself, our contemporary.

^4. Prepared Learner Message:

Boris Ekimov was born on November 19, 1938 in the far northern Igarka of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, where the parents of the future writer, fur specialists, came to work. Boris Yekimov's father, Pyotr Alexandrovich, soon became seriously ill and died in May 1939 in Irkutsk, in his homeland. Mother, Antonina Alekseevna, left with her son for Kazakhstan, to the Ili station, not far from Alma-Ata, where her sister Anna Alekseevna, expelled as the wife of an "enemy of the people", lived with her young son. The sisters decided to live together and lived like this all their lives. The mother's sister's husband, fortunately, returned from the camp alive, and at the end of the war they were all allowed to return to Russia, however, "without the right to reside in the regional centers." So Ekimov ended up in the village of Kalach-on-Don, Volgograd Region, with the Don Cossacks. The path to literature began with book reading. He learned to read at the age of 4 from a neighbor's first-grader girl. After graduating from high school, he studied at the Stalingrad Mechanical Institute, but, as the writer himself says, the institute "did not finish it." He served in the army, worked at the plant as an electrician. The first story was published in 1965 in the Young Guard magazine. He graduated from the higher literary courses at the Literary Institute. The most famous works of the writer are the stories “Officer”, “Christmas Tree for Mother”, “Living Soul”, “Parents' House”, “For Warm Bread”, “Night of Healing”. He has published more than 20 books in total. Boris Ekimov is a laureate of the I.A. Bunin, Moscow-Foam Prizes. Now lives in Vologda. In conclusion, I want to quote the words of Boris Yekimov himself: “Good literature is akin to religion. They try to make a person think about the meaning of his existence and about the fact that he should live his life decently.

^5. Analysis of the story

What is the story "The Night of Healing" about? Who would you call the main character of the story?

From the story we learn about an old woman Dunya and her grandson Grisha, about how the grandson found a way to heal his grandmother from terrible dreams, because of which she suffered greatly.

The main character of the work is Grisha, since it is he who changes during the story, he grows up, becomes wiser. And the grandmother, of course, is an important character, but it is from her grandson that she receives the help that she needs so much.

What impression did the story make on you, what feelings did you experience while reading?

For the first time I thought about the fact that maybe my loved ones need my help.

I was afraid that the war still torments people.

I felt sorry for lonely people who have no loved ones, and relief when Grisha was able to heal his grandmother.

Yes, Boris Ekimov raises very important issues in his story: a humane attitude towards a suffering person, teaches you to warmly relate to helpless old age, to share someone else's pain. Thus, the writer speaks of mercy.

How do you understand the words "mercy", "compassion"?

Mercy is the readiness to help or forgive out of compassion, philanthropy.

Compassion - pity, sympathy, caused by someone's misfortune, grief.

(“Dictionary of the Russian language” by S.I. Ozhegov)

Mercy and compassion is one of the most important themes of Russian literature, and in the future we will get acquainted with the stories of L. Andreev "Kusak" and Andrei Platonov "Yushka", in which this topic is also raised.

Let's turn to the text.

Baba Dunya lives alone. What does loneliness mean for an older person?

She feels abandoned, sometimes even useless.

What has changed in the life of grandmother Dunya with the arrival of her grandson?

- “... Baba Dunya, having revived at once, briskly fussed around the house: she cooked cabbage soup, brewed pies, took out jams and compotes and looked out the window if Grisha was running.” Even when Grisha ran away with the guys to go skiing, and Baba Dunya was left alone, “... it was not loneliness. The grandson's shirt was lying on the sofa, his books were on the table, the bag was thrown at the threshold - everything was out of place, in discord. And a living spirit blew in the house.

- "Today, with Grisha's arrival, she forgot about the illness."

We can say that before the arrival of her grandson, the grandmother experienced loneliness. Pay attention to the words "alone", "lonely", "loneliness". Why does the author repeat these cognate words?

- "One" - without others, separately.

- "Lonely" - not having a family, loved ones.

- "Loneliness" - the state of a lonely person.

And this condition is not only physical, but also spiritual. It can be experienced when there are people around, but there is no soul mate.

But we know that Baba Dunya has a family. Grisha's parents live in the city. Why did she rarely visit them?

- “The son and daughter built a nest in the city and rarely ran into - well, if once a year. Baba Dunya did not visit them more often and returned to the house in an ordinary evening. On the one hand, I was afraid for the hut: whatever it is, and the economy, on the other ...

The second reason was more important: for some time now Baba Dunya had been sleeping uneasily, talking, and even screaming in her sleep. In your hut, at home, make noise even for the whole wide world. Who will hear! But on a visit ... As soon as they lie down and fall asleep, Baba Dunya will mutter, she will speak out loud. He convinces someone, asks so clearly in the silence of the night, and then shouts: “Good people! Save!!" Of course, everyone wakes up - they will give valerian and disperse. And an hour later the same thing: “Forgive me for Christ's sake! Sorry!!"

How did Baba Dunya, close to the disease, react?

“Of course, everyone understood that old age and the unsweetened life that Baba Dunya had led were to blame. With war and famine. They understood, but that didn't make it any easier. Baba Dunya came - and adults, consider, did not sleep all night long. Good is not enough.

They took her to the doctors. They prescribed medicines. Nothing helped.

And Baba Dunya began to go to the children less and less, and then only an ordinary thing: she would shake for two hours on the bus, ask about her health and return.

And to her, in the parental home, they came only on vacation, in the summer.

One understanding of the "disease" was not enough, this should not be treated with drugs.

And how did Baba Dunya herself feel about what was happening? Find in the text the words that most accurately convey the attitude of the heroine to her illness.

- “Ashamed, I felt … guilty”, “mourned”;

“Here I am, you old fool. I can't do anything."

What happened to Baba Dunya during the war? What, decades later, makes her suffer so much?

During the war, she lost her bread cards, and three small children are at home.

“- Cards ... Where are the cards ... In a blue handkerchief ... Good people. Children... Petyanya, Shurik, Taechka... I'll come home, they'll ask for something... Give me some bread, mother! And their mother ... - Baba Dunya stammered, as if stunned, and shouted: - Good people! Don't let me die! Petyanya! Shura! Taechka! “She seemed to sing out the names of the children, subtly and painfully.”

To feed the children, she follows Don for acorns. Got two bags. And on the ferry, the foresters began to take away, it seems like it’s not supposed to. “- Winter finds ... Stomachs to attack ... Children, kids ... - muttered Baba Dunya. - There is not enough bread, and we will manage with stomachs. Don't take it away, for Christ's sake... Don't take it away! she screamed. - Give me the bags! Bags! “And the sobs cut off the cry.”

Guys, what are cards and what did they mean during the war?

A card is a form with tear-off coupons that give the right to receive products. Usually they were not restored in case of loss. Losing cards in wartime is like death. Needless to say, what torment a mother experiences, not knowing how to feed her children.

- “He knew about the cards. They were given bread. Long ago, during the war and after. And Petyanya, about whom the grandmother grieved, is the father.

A new trouble was approaching - a harsh winter, and the children were undressed and undressed:

- “What kind of tweets to sew. I don’t need anything… The kids are barefoot…”

To get to my husband in the hospital, I needed a pass, a special document. All around war, danger, suspicions arose everywhere.

- “There is a document, there is a document ... here it is ... - she said in a trembling voice. - I'm going to the hospital to see my husband. And the night is outside. Let me sleep."

What was Grisha's first reaction to grandmother's screams at night?

- "Waking up, in the darkness he did not understand anything, and fear seized him." Grisha tries to wake up his grandmother, asks her to lie on the other side.

“- You, woman, lay on the wrong side, on the heart.

- ^ On the heart, on the heart ... - Baba Dunya obediently agreed.

Can't be in the heart. You lie on the right.

Lie down, lie down…”

How later does the grandson react to the screams of his grandmother in a dream?

He begins to understand what his grandmother went through. He talks to her about what he heard from her in her dream. And he is amazed that dreams could cause real tears.

“- Baba…” Grisha gasped. Are you really crying? So it's all a dream.

I'm crying, old fool. In a dream, in a dream...

But why are tears real? After all, the dream is not true. You're awake, that's all.

Yes, it's awake now. And there…

What did you dream about?

Did you dream? Yes, bad. As if for acorns, I went beyond the Don, to the mountains. Got it in two bags. And the foresters on the ferry take away. Like it's not supposed to. And they don't give bags.

Why do you need acorns?

Feed. We pounded them, added a little bit of flour, and baked and ate the chureks.

Baba, are you just dreaming or was it? Grisha asked.

Dreaming, - answered Baba Dunya. - Dreaming - and it was. Do not bring, Lord. Don't bring…"

Please note: after the first sleepless night, the author describes how Grisha skis, how good he is, and then these descriptions are missing. At first, the boy perceives his grandmother's past in a detached way, and then it becomes his own pain.

“- Grisha waited, listened to his grandmother’s even breathing, got up. He was shivering. Some kind of cold penetrated to the bones. And you couldn't get warm. The oven was still warm. He sat by the stove and wept. Tears rolled and rolled. They came from the heart, because the heart ached and ached, pitying Baba Dunya and someone else... life, so bitter, such misfortune and sadness that he could not help but cry. And he wept, wiping his tears with his fist.”

- "The Night of Healing" - this is the name of Boris Ekimov's story. Synonyms for the word "healing" are the words "recovery, return to life." To heal Baba Dunya, Grisha has to choose one of two ways. The first one is offered by the mother. Let's turn to the text.

“He went to the post office, to call the city. During the conversation, the mother asked:

Does Baba Dunya let you sleep? - And she advised: - She will only start talking in the evening, and you shout: “Be silent!” She stops. We tried".

Did the boy take his mother's advice?

“How can I help her? What was your mother's advice? He says it helps. It may well be. It's the psyche. Order, shout - and stop.

Grisha slowly walked and walked, thinking, and in his soul something warmed and melted, something burned and burned.

No, the boy found his own way of healing Baba Dunya. “The boy’s heart was flooded with pity and pain. Forgetting what he had thought about, he knelt down in front of the bed and began to convince, softly, affectionately:

Here are your cards, grandma ... In a blue handkerchief, right? Are yours in a blue scarf? It's yours, you defended. And I raised it. You see, take it, - he insistently repeated. - All whole, take care ...

Baba Dunya was silent. Apparently, there in a dream, she heard and understood everything. The words didn't come right away. But they came:

Mine, mine... My handkerchief, blue. People will say. My cards, I dropped. God bless you good man...

Don't cry, he said loudly. - The cards are whole. Why cry? Take some bread and bring it to the kids. Bring, have dinner and go to bed, - he said, as if ordering. - And sleep peacefully. Sleep."

How is the first method different from the second?

He is more humane. The boy does not think about himself, but about his grandmother. But this way is more difficult.

Why doesn't Grisha tell his grandmother about what happened at night?

“Grisha went to bed, looking forward to how tomorrow he would tell his grandmother and how they were together ... But suddenly a clear thought burned him: you can’t talk. He clearly understood - not a word, not even a hint. It must stay and die in it. You need to do and be silent. Tomorrow night and the night after it. You need to do and be silent. And healing will come."

How do you understand the meaning of the title of the story? Whose healing are we talking about?

Kindness and affection can heal Baba Dunya: "And healing will come." The sensitivity, attentiveness, care of the boy did what doctors and adults could not do. Grisha was also healed. Healed from callousness, from indifference. The writer draws, as it were, two lives that Grisha lives. In the afternoon - a happy time of school holidays: fishing, skiing. At night, he seems to be transported back several decades, to wartime, and participates in his grandmother's heavy dreams. And this "night" life became more important for him.

All the work on the detailed analysis of the text is reflected in the table below:

1. Do they support Baba Dunya?

“made nests in the city”;

“rarely ran into - well, if once a year”;

“And to her, in the parental home, they came only on vacation, in the summer.”

Children moved away not only from their native places, but also from their mother.

“... having entered the years, I began to travel more often: on winter holidays, on October holidays and May holidays. He fished in the Don in winter and summer, collected mushrooms, skated and skied, made friends with street guys - in a word, he did not get bored.

^ A grandson is drawn to his native roots, to a native person.

2. How does this affect the life of Baba Dunya?

“And again Baba Dunya was left alone.” She runs the household alone, it is physically difficult for her. But more importantly, she is alone. And this loneliness weighs heavily on her. Life flows the same way. She has nothing to distract from the difficult memories, and they take over her.

^ She misses her children very much. She raised them with such love, put her whole soul into them, fought for them, saved them in the difficult war and post-war years.

“The grandson arrived ... And Baba Dunya, having revived at once, briskly fussed around the house: she cooked cabbage soup, made pies, got jams and compotes ... The grandson’s shirt was lying on the sofa, his books were on the table, the bag was thrown at the threshold - everything was not in place, out of place. And a living spirit blew in the house.” With Grishkin's arrival, she forgot about the ailment. The day flew by without seeing, in the hustle and bustle.

^ With the arrival of her grandson, she was transformed, younger in soul. There was someone to talk to, someone to cook for, someone to take care of.

3. How do they endure Baba Dunya's disturbing dream?

“Of course, everyone understood that old age and an unsweetened life were to blame ... With war and famine. They understood, but that didn't make it any easier. Baba Dunya came, and adults, consider, did not sleep all night long. Not much good."

^ The arrival of the mother is a burden to them.

To the grandmother’s warning, she replies: “I can’t hear anything. I sleep like a dead dream." When his grandmother worries that she woke him up twice at night, Grisha says: “Don't take it into your head. I'll sleep, what are my years ... ".

^ It is not a burden for him to wake up at night from the alarming cries of his grandmother. He thinks not of himself, but of his grandmother.

4. How do they show concern?

“They took her to the doctors, they prescribed medicines. Nothing helped."

^ Do not delve into her condition. They are limited to going to the doctor, to medicines.

“Now, from the outside, she seemed so weak and lonely. And then there are the nights in tears...” He asks: “Are you really crying?”. “... is it just a dream, or was it?”. Tries to understand her. Thinking about how to help her.

^ Regrets, loves grandmother. He understands her heart.

5. How did they calm Baba Dunya?

“She will only start talking in the evening, and you shout:“ Be silent! She'll stop. We've tried."

“We” are Grisha’s parents: Baba Dunya’s daughter-in-law, not her native person, and Petyan’s son, apparently completely trusting his wife.

^ They acted in the spirit of that brutal wartime. With their cry - an order, they only increased her fear, bitterness, mental pain.

“... knelt down in front of the bed and began to convince gently, affectionately ...”. “Grisha seemed to see a dark street and a woman in the darkness...”. “... persistently repeated” the words.

Grisha does not shout, but acts hypnotically, with the help of suggestion. He seems to be transferred to the disturbing world of his grandmother, getting used to the image. He really loves and wants to free a loved one from a painful state of mind.

6. How do they relate to the past?

“Father recalled the old years. But for him they passed.” "All people have lived bitter and forgotten."

Apparently, the son did not fully feel the past bitter life. All the burdens and sorrows of that life the mother took on her shoulders. She took care of the children as much as she could. She even went to the gathering of acorns alone.

“Tears rolled and rolled ... His heart ached and ached, pitying Baba Dunya and someone else ... He did not sleep, but was in a strange oblivion, as if in distant, other years, and in someone else's life, and he saw him there , in this life it is so bitter, such misfortune and sadness that he could not help but cry ... "

^ The grandson is endowed with a keen sense of love and pity, the ability to sympathize with the grief of a loved one.

As a result of the comparative analysis, the students come to the conclusion that Grisha, unlike his parents, understands his grandmother with all his heart. The boy has a sympathetic, sensitive soul. No wonder the author uses the word “heart” several times in the text in relation to Grisha.

It remains to add that the story "The Night of Healing" is published in the "Echoes of War" section. Let's return to the epigraph of our lesson:

And they said everything passes

And will be forgotten in due time.

But the pain of war is alive among the people

And it ferments like juice in a birch.

S. Seleznev

The words of the poet perfectly reveal the content of the story. Indeed, the pain is alive. For the lesson, we designed a stand “And walks the Earth

Barefoot Memory is a little woman.

Here we see the beautiful faces of your loved ones: grandmothers and great-grandmothers, who also had a lot of life's trials. Look into these dear faces, every day and every minute be merciful and compassionate towards them. Remember: pain is not someone else's! Do not spare an affectionate word, a warm look for these people. They deserve it.

^ 6. (Student reports about their loved ones, about what they have experienced in their lives.)

Kostrubova Natasha:

Gileva Nina Matveevna is my maternal great-grandmother. She was born on June 22, 1922 in the village of Taina in the Red District of the Altai Territory.

When the war began, she was only 19 years old. She worked as an educator at a school for evacuated children from besieged Leningrad. The children were alone and helpless. Nina Matveevna helped children left without parents in this harsh time. After the war, she worked as a chief accountant at a butter and cheese factory. This plant was founded in tsarist times and produced the best products in Russia. Many people remember her. And other people's children, for whom in wartime she replaced both father and mother, and her children, and grandchildren, and great-grandchildren.

^ Evdokimovna Valeria:

My grandmother, Evdokimova Evgenia Edmundovna (nee Piotrovskaya), was born in 1910 in the city of Ufa. When the war began, she was 30 years old. She worked as a radio mechanic. Her duties included connecting new radio points and maintaining radio equipment in the Opera and Drama theatres. The work was very responsible, as government meetings were sometimes held at the Opera House. And at night, when a German bomber raid on the city of Ufa was expected, my great-grandmother and her son (my grandfather) were on duty on the roof of the house where she lived. Her task was to drop an incendiary bomb from the roof into barrels of water prepared for this. The great-grandmother's husband died before the war, and she had to raise two children alone. She had to endure many hardships during the war years.

The government awarded my great-grandmother with the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War."

I am proud that my great-grandmother worked honestly during the war.

^ Goldstein Maria:

This is my favorite grandmother. Her name is Bakaldina Galina Sergeevna. She didn't have an easy life. The brightest teenage years fell on the Great Patriotic War. Then she was 12 years old. She lost her father at the age of 3. At the height of the war, she weaved nets for the front and washed the bloody overcoats of wounded soldiers. After graduating from 7 classes of high school with excellent marks, she entered the technical school of the food industry. There was no money or food. Every day she walked a long way to the school in the jacket of her brother, who died in the war at the age of 19, and in his tarpaulin boots. The family had three children. Lusha's mother did not read and write well, dividing long words in letters and connecting short ones. But despite this, she gave her two daughters an education. After studying, my grandmother took part in harvesting from the fields, weeded the ground, went to logging in bast shoes and worked at a tea-packing factory. Once, while on a business trip, she met an officer with whom she joined her fate.

The war years left an unforgettable and not decaying mark in my grandmother's life. I love her very much and am proud of her.

^ Takiullina Aliya:

This photo shows my grandmother - Gaskarova Lyalya Shakirovna. She was born on October 1, 1936. She had a difficult childhood. When the Great Patriotic War began, my grandmother was only 5 years old. At that time, she had to endure hunger: eating rotten potatoes, last year's ears of wheat, which were very unhealthy. When her mother went to work to earn food, her grandmother stayed at home and looked after the household.

Now my grandmother lives in the village of Yangurcha, and every vacation I try to go there. We love our grandmother very much.

^ Gubanova Ekaterina

My great-grandmother, Cheremisova Praskovya Vasilievna, was born in 1907 in the city of Ufa. During the Great Patriotic War, she raised eight children alone, because her husband went to the front. She worked at a factory that made parts for aircraft and tanks. It also affected her health. It was very difficult for my great-grandmother to raise children alone, but she tried.

I am very proud of my great-grandmother.

^ Rassamahina Olga:

My great-grandmother's name is Galina Antonovna. She was born on the territory of Poland in a large noble family of the Ostrovsky-Zagrzewski in 1921. In 1941, my great-grandmother's son Volodya was born. The family found the Great Patriotic War in Chelyabinsk. It would be impossible for a young mother with a baby in her arms to survive. My grandmother was very lucky, because my great-grandfather worked at an important strategic facility, and he was provided with a "booking". Great-grandfather worked at the Chelyabinsk plant, supplied the front. He rarely came home from the factory, worked around the clock, but he was alive and was next to his wife and child and could feed them with the rations he received. In order to redeem coupons, it was necessary to take a queue in the middle of the night, stand it, wait for the delivery of bread and, if you were lucky, get a ration. During the war years, like every family in the USSR, we lost our relatives who died fighting in the battles for our Motherland, for the future of their children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren.

I would like to finish the lesson with an excerpt from Yegor Isaev's poem "The Court of Memory" and a poem by A.D. Dementieva.

^ Excerpt from Yegor Isaev's poem "Court of Memory":

And walks the earth

Barefoot memory - a small woman.

She goes.

Crossing ditches -

She does not need any visas or residence permits,

In the eyes - that loneliness of the widow,

That is the depth of maternal sadness.

She goes,

Leaving your comfort

Not about yourself - worrying about the world.

And the monuments honor her,

And the obelisks bow at the waist.

^ A. Dementiev:

The importance of being on time

Say a kind word to someone

What would the heart tremble from excitement!

After all, death can ruin everything.

The importance of being on time

Congratulate or congratulate

Shoulder reliable substitute!

And know that it will continue to be so.

But sometimes we forget

Fulfill someone's request on time

Not noticing how bloody resentment

Invisibly alienates us.

And belated guilt

Then it torments our souls.

All you need to do is learn to listen.

The one whose life is exposed.

7. Summing up the lesson. Estimates.

8. Homework: write an essay based on the story “Night of Healing” on the topic: “... There are no victims of war at all ...” (N. Struchkova).

Literature:

Ekimov B. "Solonich", - M .: Children's literature, 1989

Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language. - M .: Fiction, 1991

Dementiev A.D. Lyrics, - M .: Eksmo, 2003

Literature lessons, No. 8 - 2005

Topic. "Strive to do good" based on the story of Boris Ekimov "The Night of Healing".
Type of lesson: lesson-thinking.
1.Slide 2 Goals:
1. Give children the opportunity to reflect on mercy, showing kindness to others and respect for other peoples in need; develop a culture of human relations.

2. Continue acquaintance with some methods of analysis of artistic

works, to deepen the idea of ​​the character of the hero, given in development,

to cultivate sympathy, compassion, empathy, to teach warm attitude towards helpless old age, to share someone else's pain.

3. Improve the skills of comparative analysis. Learn to generalize and draw conclusions.

*educational: to expand students' knowledge about the history of Russia during the Great Patriotic War; improve comparative analysis skills; deepen the idea of ​​the character of the hero, given in development.

*developing: develop students' creative and cognitive abilities, speech, attention, imagination.

* educational: cultivate kindness, the ability to sympathize with others.

Get a sample of sensitivity, responsiveness in relation to loved ones.

To develop aspirations to be tolerant in human society; foster internationalism; to promote the development of oral speech of students.
2. Lesson equipment:

1. Table “Plot elements”.

2.Multimedia presentation;
3. portraits of mothers of the war years.
4. Photocopies of the text of B. Ekimov's story "The Night of Healing".

5. Students' workbooks.

3.Advanced homework:
General: Read the story. Prepare to retell the main episodes. Conduct a comparative analysis of the characters' images on 6 questions and draw appropriate conclusions. Write in a notebook a description of the appearance of the main characters.
Individual:

V.G. Korolenko "Children of the Underground", Mark Aldanov "Devil's Bridge"

V. Bykov "Alpine ballad"

1. 
   Lesson plan:

I. The word of the teacher Conversation on the works of Russian literature on the topic "Tolerance"

2. Work with aphorisms.
II. Author's note.
III. Conversation to identify the assimilation of the content.
IV. Retellings of the main episodes.
V. Description of the appearance of the main characters.
VI. Comparative analysis.
VII. Creative work on the text is the disclosure of Grisha's spiritual wealth.
VIII. Generalizing conversation - reflection.
IX. Lesson conclusion.
X. Homework.

1. 
   Introductory speech of the teacher. Entrance to the lesson.

My friends! I am very glad to enter our friendly class.

And for me, the reward is the attention of your intelligent eyes.

I know everyone in the class is a genius, but without effort, talent is not for the future.

Let's cross the swords of our opinions and write a lesson together.

6. During the classes

slide 3

- We will work in groups:

The first group is literary critics; the second group are historians.
1. Introductory speech of the teacher.
The theme of our lesson today will again be the issues of tolerance.

slide 4

(Issues of tolerance - kindness, tolerance, forgiveness, mercy)

We will continue the conversation on this topic, following the pages of Russian literature. After all, literature is a mirror of life, it reflects all the important issues that have worried our compatriots for many centuries, including issues of tolerance. Individual students (HISTORIANS) performed individual tasks - they considered issues of tolerance in various literary works, they will supplement the answers and comment on them. Others are invited to recall the content of the proposed works and try to find the correct answer to the task received. But I would like to start with the most ancient book - the Bible, one of the commandments of Christ, people hear the following words:

Slide 5 Love your neighbor as yourself. Bible

Slide 6 "The theme of tolerance in Russian literature"

Teacher: Let's turn to other works. The good Russian soul has long been known to all peoples.

Slide 7 “Yes, here they are, Russian characters! It seems that a simple person, but a severe misfortune will come, and a great power rises in him - human beauty. Every Russian has its own character. But they have in common - love for the Motherland, for relatives and strangers, modesty, mercy, tolerance and understanding - all that has long distinguished a Russian person and made him truly beautiful.

A.N. Tolstoy "Russian character"

Slide 8

M. Gorky "The Legend of Danko", A.P. Platonov "Yushka"

V.G. Korolenko "Children of the Underground", Mark Aldanov "Devil's Bridge"

V. Bykov "Alpine ballad"

M. Gorky "The Legend of Danko"

“It was a difficult path, and people, exhausted by it, lost heart. Here they are in anger and in anger fell on Danko. Danko looked at those for whom he had toiled, and saw that they were like animals. Then indignation flared up in his heart, but from pity for the people it went out. And then his heart flared up with fire to save them, to lead them to an easy path. And suddenly he tore his chest with his hands and tore out his heart from it and raised it high above his head. - Let's go! Danko shouted and rushed forward. And suddenly the steppe parted before him. The proud daredevil Danko cast a glance ahead of himself at the expanse of the steppe, - he threw a joyful glance at the free land and laughed proudly. And then he fell and died. »

M. Gorky "The Legend of Danko"
A.P. Platonov "Yushka"

Yushka is the main character. Adults and children mocked him in the village. They called him names, beat him and threw stones and sticks at him. He never returned malice for evil, because he loved people. In the village, he helped everyone free of charge with the housework. And everyone took advantage of his kindness and diligence. He was special, and therefore people considered him blessed. Many openly told him that he lived uselessly. And when he decided to defend himself and asked - how did he prevent them? - they kill him. However, without Yushka, life became worse for people. Now all the anger and mockery remained among the people and wasted among them, because there was no Yushka, who unrequitedly endured every other evil, bitterness, mockery and hostility. »

Platonov "Yushka"
V.G.Korolenko "Children of the Underground"
Korolenko's story "Children of the Underground" is a vivid example of the relationship between people of different social status.

Vasya's family is wealthy, deserving respect, since Vasya's father is a judge, but disunited. In this family, there is a feeling of loneliness and not understanding. After the death of the mother in the family, everyone moves away from each other. The judge does not deal with children, does not talk, does not live their lives. He considers Vasya a tramp and a thief.

In the Tyburtsia family, which was thrown into the dungeon, life is built on understanding, support, care and love for each other. Valek is forced to steal not for wealth, but to feed his father and sister. Vasya, amazed by these reverent relationships, becomes kind, caring, patient. When the judge learns the truth about his son, that Vasya knows how to value friendship, that he is kind, sympathetic, knows how to sympathize with the grief of other people, the father changed his attitude towards him. Understanding the son and sympathy for grief brings them together, and understanding makes them resist any grief. In particular, they swear not to the grave of Marusya, probably about human grief, that they will always help wherever it occurs.

V.G.Korolenko "Children of the Underground"

Mark Aldanov "Devil's Bridge"
To incite hatred for Suvorov, rumors of ferocity came from Paris to the army of the Russian commander in chief that in Izmail he massacred 1000 Turks and 1000 Poles during the assault. But this did not cause hatred and a thirst for revenge among the soldiers of the French army, who more than once saw the commander's care for the enemy soldiers. He often appeared on his decrepit nag in the saddle before the start of the battle, holding a notebook in his hands, not paying attention to the shooting.

In the evening, after the evening council, he sat down at the table and began to write the order for the retreat. He had never before doubted the righteousness of the cause he served. What made him do it? Down to his right, at the very foot of the mountain, the lights of some houses were burning. It suddenly occurred to his gray-haired head that what horror, what disasters the army had brought to the inhabitants of this innocent land. The slopes of the mountain were covered with vineyards. Where grapes grow, people are always kind and hospitable. And the old tower testified to the ancient culture of the people. In the morning, people left from there, taking away and taking away goods on carts. (He gave the order for the use of formidable measures against the robbers)

Mark Aldanov "Devil's Bridge"

V. Bykov "Alpine ballad"

Short answer: "Alpine Ballad" by V. Bykov. It tells about the three days of freedom of the Russian prisoner of war Ivan and the Italian girl Julia, who fled from the fascist camp, who happened to be next to him. In the inhuman conditions of the fascist pursuit, Ivan took responsibility for a girl he did not know and saved her at the cost of his life. These three days of freedom were illuminated by a short, but dazzling, like lightning, love. The Russian soldier died, and the “Italian lady” carried a bright memory of him through her whole life, searched for his traces in Russia, found his relatives and wrote a letter to them in order to tell the fellow countrymen the truth about the feat of their fellow villager, because “no one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten ". They didn't even know each other's language!

2. Conclusion. Teacher

Today we focused on only seven episodes from the works of Russian literature, which reflected the issues of tolerance. This is a small part of her great heritage, but these examples have proved to us that the theme of tolerance in Russian literature is relevant at all times.

SLIDE 9

Dreiser admired one commandment of Christ, the commandment to serve others: “In order for He (a person) to receive at least some joy in the short segment of the path allotted to him, he must think how to improve the situation not only for himself, but also for others. If we are going to make things better for others, then we must hurry. Time is running out. I will only go down this path once. So let me now do some meritorious deed or show kindness. Let me not miss the opportunity to do this, for by I will never walk this path again."

3. Teacher's conversation

At home you read the story. Did you like him?

The hero of the story will teach us a life lesson. And what lesson, you will say at the end of the lesson.
4. Working with aphorisms
The children were given cards with aphorisms written on them.

I suggest you choose an epigraph for the lesson (the students have cards with epigraphs on their tables).

Each child reads his aphorism and tries to explain it. The teacher helps him if necessary.
Slide 10
An epigraph is a saying, a brief quotation before a work or part of it, characterizing the main idea of ​​the work.
Aphorisms for work
- Look at the suggested sayings of famous people and try to choose the one that best suits our topic. Write it down in your notebook.

(the students have cards with epigraphs on their tables).
1. "He who is full of mercy certainly has courage." (Confucius)

2. "To control oneself so as to respect others as oneself, and to treat them as we would like to be treated - that's what can be called philanthropy." (Confucius)

3. "To believe in goodness, one must begin to do it." (L. Tolstoy)

4. "Who seeks evil, it comes to him." (Solomon)

5. “Kindness, tolerance, mutual forgiveness of offenses turned into mutual love in a good family, despite the large number of families. Love and harmony between relatives gave rise to love outside the home. From a person who does not love and does not respect his own relatives, it is difficult to expect respect for strangers.

(Vasily Belov, famous contemporary writer)

6. "The most important human quality is the ability to empathize, to sympathize with someone in sorrow and in joy" V. Sukhomlinsky.

7. "If you are indifferent to the suffering of others, you do not deserve the name of a man" Saadi.

8. “Yes, here they are, Russian characters! It seems that a simple person, but a severe misfortune will come, and a great power rises in him - human beauty. Every Russian has its own character. But they have in common - love for the Motherland, for relatives and strangers, modesty, mercy, tolerance and understanding - all that has long distinguished a Russian person and made him truly beautiful.

A.N. Tolstoy "Russian character"

“Honor, nobility do not arise by themselves, becoming a person takes place in the father's house. A Russian person is characterized by a desire for goodness, pity, patience and mercy, like the ability to breathe, and evil is an exception to the rule.

Vladimir Nabokov

Slide 11 (EPIGRAPH)
“Honor, nobility do not arise by themselves, becoming a person takes place in the father's house. A Russian person is characterized by a desire for goodness, pity, patience and mercy, like the ability to breathe, and evil is an exception to the rule.

Vladimir Nabokov
5. Teacher's Conversation
Teacher. Okay. Now let's get acquainted with the author of the work - Boris Petrovich Ekimov.

Individual task. 2.

Students from the group of historians talk about the life and work of B. Yekimov.

slide 12.

Boris Petrovich Ekimov was born in 1938 in the city of Igarka, Krasnoyarsk Territory. The most famous works: "Christmas Tree for Mother", "Night of Healing", "For Warm Bread", "Living Soul", "Parents' House". The question of self-determination of a person in life is central in the work of B. Yekimov. According to the writer, it begins with responsibility to reality, with a disinterested readiness to share the pain of a living being, to console the suffering. It is this moment in the fate of the heroes that makes B. Ekimov the central nerve of many of his stories.

Story about the writer and his works. Prepared student message:
Boris Ekimov was born on November 19, 1938 in the far northern Igarka of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, where the parents of the future writer, fur specialists, came to work. Boris Ekimov's father, Pyotr Alexandrovich, soon fell seriously ill and died in May 1939 in Irkutsk, in his homeland. Mother, Antonina Alekseevna, left with her son for Kazakhstan, to the Ili station, not far from Alma-Ata, where her sister Anna Alekseevna, expelled as the wife of an "enemy of the people", lived with her young son. The sisters decided to live together and lived like this all their lives. The mother's sister's husband, fortunately, returned from the camp alive, and at the end of the war they were all allowed to return to Russia, however, "without the right to reside in the regional centers." So Ekimov ended up in the village of Kalach-on-Don, Volgograd Region, with the Don Cossacks. The path to literature began with book reading. He learned to read at the age of 4 from a neighbor's first-grader girl. After graduating from high school, he studied at the Stalingrad Mechanical Institute, but, as the writer himself says, the institute "did not finish it." He served in the army, worked at the plant as an electrician. The first story was published in 1965 in the Young Guard magazine. He graduated from the higher literary courses at the Literary Institute. The most famous works of the writer are the stories “Officer”, “Christmas Tree for Mother”, “Living Soul”, “Parents' House”, “For Warm Bread”, “Night of Healing”. He has published more than 20 books in total. Boris Ekimov is a laureate of the I.A. Bunin, Moscow-Foam Prizes. Now lives in Vologda. In conclusion, I want to quote the words of Boris Yekimov himself: “Good literature is akin to religion. They try to make a person think about the meaning of his existence and about the fact that he should live his life decently.

1. 
   Slide 13 Vocabulary.

Interpretation of the lexical meaning of the words selfishness, mercy, compassion, humanity, tolerance

Look and remember the meaning of the words and write it down in your notebook.

Mercy is the willingness to help someone or forgive someone out of compassion, philanthropy.
Compassion - pity, sympathy, aroused by the misfortune of another person.
tolerance -

Understanding is the ability to look at the world simultaneously from two points of view: one's own and another person's.
-Teacher. Will they be reflected in our story Boris Ekimov "Healing Night".

-Teacher. What is this piece about?

- Answers of students.

About the memories of the war.

About the healing of the soul.

About the experiences of Baba Dunya.

About the kindness of the grandson.

About the indifference of the children of Baba Dunya to her suffering.

About the loneliness of Baba Dunya.

On the development of Grisha's soul.

7 . Consolidation of knowledge, skills and abilities.
1. Working with the text of the story. Story analysis.
- Who is the main character of the story?

Determine the theme of the story (literary scholars suggest what the theme of the work is).

Slide 14

the theme of the work is the circle of events that form the life basis of the work
-What problems are touched upon in Ekimov's story?
* The consequences of the war for civilians, the memory of the war.

*Relationship between two generations.

* Humane attitude towards a suffering person.
How many parts can the story be divided into?
(three parts, the first part is the arrival of Grisha,

the second part is the first night in the village,

the third part is the night of healing).
The teacher explains that the author uses a dream technique, with which he wants to show that the memory of the war is inextricably linked with the consciousness of people who survived the Great Patriotic War. The war, even in a dream, does not leave old people alone, makes them not forget those terrible years.
- Identify the main elements of the plot.

slide 15
The plot is the disturbing dreams of Baba Dunya.
The development of the action - the arrival of the grandson, his various activities; grandma's joy anxiety about sleep.
The climax is finding the only sure way to heal the grandmother.
The denouement is the hope for the complete healing of the grandmother.

After dividing the story into parts, we broke it into micro themes.

Find the key words of the first part (alone, loneliness).

Why did Baba Dunya rarely visit her children?

How did Baba Dunya herself feel about her illness?

What did Baba Dunya experience during the war years?

What details help us to know what happened many years ago?
Dreams are an artistic detail (we write down the definition in a notebook).
SLIDE 16.
An artistic detail is the smallest visual detail, an element of a landscape or portrait, a thing, an act, a psychological state.
- What word did Baba Dunya often repeat in a dream? (cards)
- Card - a form with cut-off coupons, giving the right to receive products under a normalized distribution system

Let's go back to the text

Teacher: At home, you should have thoughtfully, with a research approach, follow the characters of the characters, compare them on 6 questions. Thus, we turn to a comparative analysis, along the way making brief relevant conclusions.

Children	Grandson
1. Do they support Baba Dunya?
“made nests in the city”; “rarely ran into - well, if once a year”; “And to her, in the parental home, they came only on vacation, in the summer.” Children moved away not only from their native places, but also from their mother.	“... having entered the years, I began to travel more often: on winter holidays, on October holidays and May holidays. He fished in the Don in winter and summer, collected mushrooms, skated and skied, made friends with street guys - in a word, he did not get bored. The grandson is drawn to his native roots, to his own person.
2. How does this affect the life of Baba Dunya?
“And again Baba Dunya was left alone.” She runs the household alone, it is physically difficult for her. But more importantly, she is alone. And this loneliness weighs heavily on her. Life flows the same way. She has nothing to distract from the difficult memories, and they take over her. She really misses her children. She raised them with such love, put her whole soul into them, fought for them, saved them in the difficult war and post-war years.	“The grandson arrived ... And Baba Dunya, having revived at once, briskly fussed around the house: she cooked cabbage soup, made pies, got jams and compotes ... The grandson’s shirt was lying on the sofa, his books were on the table, the bag was thrown at the threshold - everything was not in place, out of place. And a living spirit blew in the house.” With Grishkin's arrival, she forgot about the ailment. The day flew by without seeing, in the hustle and bustle. With the arrival of her grandson, she was transformed, younger in soul. There was someone to talk to, someone to cook for, someone to take care of.
3. How do they endure Baba Dunya's disturbing dream?
“Of course, everyone understood that old age and an unsweetened life were to blame ... With war and famine. They understood, but that didn't make it any easier. Baba Dunya came, and adults, consider, did not sleep all night long. Not much good." The arrival of their mother is a burden to them.	To the grandmother’s warning, she replies: “I can’t hear anything. I sleep like a dead dream." When his grandmother worries that she woke him up twice at night, Grisha says: “Don't take it into your head. I'll sleep, what are my years ... ". It is not a burden for him to wake up at night from the alarming cries of his grandmother. He thinks not of himself, but of his grandmother.
4. How do they show concern?
“They took her to the doctors, they prescribed medicines. Nothing helped." They don't understand her condition. They are limited to going to the doctor, to medicines.	“Now, from the outside, she seemed so weak and lonely. And then there are the nights in tears...” He asks: “Are you really crying?”. “... is it just a dream, or was it?”. Tries to understand her. Thinking about how to help her. He regrets, loves his grandmother. He understands her heart.
5. How did they calm Baba Dunya?
“She will only start talking in the evening, and you shout:“ Be silent! She'll stop. We've tried." “We” are Grisha’s parents: Baba Dunya’s daughter-in-law, not her native person, and Petyan’s son, apparently completely trusting his wife. They acted in the spirit of that cruel wartime. With their cry - an order, they only increased her fear, bitterness, mental pain.	“... knelt down in front of the bed and began to convince gently, affectionately ...”. “Grisha seemed to see a dark street and a woman in the darkness...”. “... persistently repeated” the words. Grisha does not shout, but acts hypnotically, with the help of suggestion. He seems to be transferred to the disturbing world of his grandmother, getting used to the image. He really loves and wants to free a loved one from a painful state of mind.
6. How do they relate to the past?
“Father recalled the old years. But for him they passed.” "All people have lived bitter and forgotten." Apparently, the son did not fully feel the past bitter life. All the burdens and sorrows of that life the mother took on her shoulders. She took care of the children as much as she could. She even went to the gathering of acorns alone.	“Tears rolled and rolled ... His heart ached and ached, pitying Baba Dunya and someone else ... He did not sleep, but was in a strange oblivion, as if in distant, other years, and in someone else's life, and he saw him there , in this life it is so bitter, such misfortune and sadness that he could not help but cry ... " The grandson is endowed with a keen sense of love and pity, the ability to sympathize with the grief of a loved one.

What impression did the story make on you?

* For the first time, I thought about the fact that my loved ones also need my help.

* I was afraid that the war still torments people so much.

* I thought: what would I do in Grisha's place? Could he do it?)
--What feelings did you experience while reading?
* Anxiety, pity for Baba Dunya.

* Pity for those who have no loved ones, for those who remain alone with their misfortune.

* Surprised by Grisha's behavior.
- What impression did the story make on you, what feelings did you experience while reading?

For the first time I thought about the fact that maybe my loved ones need my help.

I was afraid that the war still torments people.

I felt sorry for lonely people who have no loved ones, and relief when Grisha was able to heal his grandmother.

Teacher

Yes, Boris Ekimov raises very important issues in his story: a humane attitude towards a suffering person, teaches you to warmly relate to helpless old age, to share someone else's pain. Thus, the writer speaks of mercy.

Reflection
Grishin's way is long, difficult, soft, sensitive, kind; he calms the psyche, relieves the grandmother of experiences, that is, heals her, it helps her. Grisha shows humanity, love, mercy, compassion.
5 Work on the disclosure of the symbols of the title.
Group assignments. Group 1 - pick up single-root words for the word healing.

SLIDE 17.
(Healer, healing, healing, heal, heal).

Find synonyms for the word healing.

(Cure, recovery, restoration of health).

Name the associations that arise with the word healing.

(Rebirth, resurrection, purification, gaining health).
- How do you understand the meaning of the name? What and whose healing are we talking about?

Healing is a complete recovery not only from physical pain, suffering, but also from a moral, spiritual wound. Grisha acts as a healer, healing with the power of suggestion, affection, love. And most importantly, he believes in himself, hopes for a better outcome. And who believes, that much turns out. Grisha was healed of his indifference, he began to feel the pain of others, he learned to sympathize. It was healed, cleansed of misunderstanding of his soul. Perhaps, under the influence of the story, one of us will be healed of callousness and indifference.

Kindness and affection can heal Baba Dunya: "And healing will come." The sensitivity, attentiveness, care of the boy did what doctors and adults could not do. Grisha was also healed. Healed from callousness, from indifference.
OUTPUT
--Let's return to the epigraph of the lesson (slide). Does it reveal the content of the story, the conversation?

What lesson did B. Yekimov teach us?

Slide 18
(A lesson in kindness, philanthropy.)
7 Information about homework.

Slide 19

1 Write a letter to Grisha, expressing your attitude towards him.

2 Pick up proverbs and sayings about kindness and mercy.
8 Reflection.
This is where our conversation came to an end. To summarize, I will ask you yourself. To do this, you need to finish the phrase I started by passing a small living sprout from hand to hand.

Today in class I learned that...

We were talking today about...

Today's conversation has awakened such feelings in me...

- I realized that...

Teacher's word. War not only kills, injures physically, to a greater extent cripples morally. And the wounds of those who survived, suffered, won the Victory bleed all their lives. Do not spare an affectionate word, a warm look for these people. They deserve it. Maybe there are people near you who need help. Grandparents do not ask for help, they are waiting for it.

* The most important human quality is the ability to empathize, to sympathize with someone in sorrow and in joy. (V. Sukhomlinsky).

9. Final word from the teacher.

Changes take place in the soul of the hero. He changed, became sensitive to the suffering of others. There was a healing not only of the grandmother, but also of the grandson. He has matured. Mercy, kindness Grisha did what doctors and adults could not.

We, the people of the 21st century, should learn from this boy spiritual sensitivity and kindness.

B.P. Ekimov makes us look around and see those who are close to us, who need our help, understanding, support, so that we can be healed, thanks to our kindness and participation.

A person who has learned to help those in need becomes better, cleaner, kinder, more cordial.

This story helped me realize that the main thing in relationships with loved ones is kindness, affection, sensitivity and understanding.

You just need to learn to listen to them, understand and sympathize, as Grisha, the hero of Boris Ekimov, understood and heartily experienced.

10. Expressive recitation of a poem by a trained student (individual task).
-That's the end of our conversation. A poem by A.D. Dementiev will help to summarize our conversation

"Kindness".

In this huge world in which you and I live,

Not enough warmth, not enough human kindness.
Together we will learn to protect and love each other,
Let's learn together to each other, like stars, to shine.

Let them not give us marks at school for the generosity of the soul,

Once you take it and do good just like that,
And then in the cold it will smell achingly in spring,
And then there will be more than one smile on earth!

Hundreds of roads are waiting for us, but everyone will have their own,

And to reach the goal, of course, friends will help.
So that our long-standing dreams come true,
Let the lesson of kindness always be the main lesson!
Remember the poem by K. Kuliev:
Look at the world with kind eyes

So that the word is good, labor is good,

Let fools call you fools

Villains will be considered cowardly.

We, humans, only good brings happiness.

It is always stronger than evil in the end;

A wolf with a bloody mouth will die in a pit,

The fire will be extinguished by wind and water.

Let the fool have a calmer and more beautiful life,

Let the villain himself know no evil in life,

Good will forever be our god,

To Him is our prayer and praise.

Dale Carnegie“Instead of judging people, being impatient with them, try to understand and accept them.” In conclusion, listen
There lived a family. She was not easy. There were over 100 people in this family. And she occupied the whole village. So they lived with the whole family and the whole village. You say: so what, you never know big families in the world. But the fact is that the family was special - peace and harmony reigned in this family and, therefore, in the village. No quarrels, no swearing, no, God forbid, fights and strife.

And the world too.

I think you will agree with me that your class is a small family. And therefore, try to always reign in her kindness, respect, mutual understanding. Thank you all for the lesson.

Self-analysis of an open lesson of literature in grade 8 on the topic

"Strive to do good"

Based on the short story by Boris Ekimov "The Night of Healing".

An open literature lesson in the 8th grade was held as part of the district seminar of the deputy directors for educational work on the topic “Tolerance is the path to peace.

In all federal programs, the study of Russian literature in the 11th grade ends with a review of the latest works. It is advisable to prepare this review in advance, in grades 8-10: through the organization of independent reading by students of the best examples of modern literature, which are discussed in extracurricular reading lessons.

The greater the literary experience of young readers, the more difficult and deeper the work in the lesson becomes.

Students in grades 8–9 are no longer newcomers to the world of literature. Research lessons, conference lessons, reflection lessons - this is where students can apply their existing experience with text, can find parallels between the works and the historical eras depicted in them. And traditionally, in literature lessons, the attention of schoolchildren is drawn to such works that talk about the values ​​of human life, about active compassion, respect for dignity,

Type of lesson: lesson-thinking
The main goal of the lesson: Reflect on mercy, showing kindness to others.

2. Continue familiarity with some of the techniques for analyzing a work of art and the skills of comparative analysis.

3. Get a sample of sensitivity, responsiveness towards loved ones.
To achieve the goals used:

Multimedia Presentation

Working with a table

Working with additional sources

Various forms and methods of work:

Verbal methods (story, work with a textbook)

Visual (presentation)

Practical (work with a table)

Problem situation

Frontal form of work (at the stage of updating knowledge and learning new material)

Individual (on the part of the teacher an individual approach to each student)

The genre of a short story allows you to keep the work itself in the spotlight, to include all students in the work of perceiving, interpreting, and evaluating a literary text. As practice shows, basically all the students in the class have time to read the text.

When working on B. Ekimov's story "Night of Healing", 8th grade students were offered questions and tasks of different levels of complexity, so that not a single student would be left out of the analytical work on the story.

A variety of forms and methods, as well as consistency in the construction of the lesson, made it possible to avoid monotony in the lesson.

Throughout the lesson, high efficiency and a good psychological atmosphere were maintained, using various teaching aids. Types of work alternated. The children were interested in the material of the lesson

Lesson time was used rationally. The results have been summed up. I believe that the children have learned the material of the lesson well and the goals have been achieved.

In literature lessons, during the analysis of literary texts, I teach children not to justify or condemn, but to try to understand the actions of a particular character, the current situation. I teach to consider the actions of heroes from two points of view: modern and from the point of view of the era in which the hero lived, and the circumstances in which he acted. It is very important to tactfully, skillfully lead the children to important conclusions, since they cannot always do this on their own. It's no secret that today's children began to read less. I try to instill a love for the book, a special, reverent attitude and respect for this great invention of mankind. Let the children read fewer books, but better books, and let these few books be remembered by them for many years, let any book become their “life textbook”, an assistant ..

In literature lessons, during the analysis of literary texts, I teach children not to justify or condemn, but to try to understand the actions of a particular character, the current situation. I teach to consider the actions of heroes from two points of view: modern and from the point of view of the era in which the hero lived and the circumstances in which he acted. It is very important to tactfully, skillfully lead the children to important conclusions, since they cannot always do this on their own. It's no secret that today's children began to read less. I try to instill a love for the book, a special, reverent attitude and respect for this great invention of mankind. Let the children read fewer books, but better books, and let them remember these few books for many years, let any book become their “life textbook”, an assistant. To this end, I conduct lessons such as "This book helped me make the right choice", "The collective image of the book in Russian literature." For the same purpose, I suggest that students keep a piggy bank of wise sayings that develops, enriches, hones aesthetic taste, educates, disciplines. The result of the lessons on the development of speech (compositions of different genres, presentations with elements of the composition, the heading "Test of the pen") was not only a school almanac of creative works,

"tolerance" from the Latin verb "endure, endure, endure".

In English, "tolerance" is the willingness and ability to accept a person or thing without protest.

In French, respect for the freedom of another, his way of thinking, behavior, political or religious views.

In Chinese, "to be tolerant" means to be generous to others.

In Arabic, "tolerance" is forgiveness, indulgence, gentleness, compassion, patience, disposition towards others.

In Persian - tolerance, readiness for reconciliation.

In Russian, "tolerance" is the ability, ability to endure, put up with other people's opinions, be condescending to the actions of other people, be gentle with their mistakes and mistakes.

The great teacher V.A. Sukhomlinsky: “You live among people, check your actions with consciousness: do you cause evil, trouble, inconvenience with your actions. Make sure that the people around you feel good.”

Finally, listen Chinese parable "Good family":
There lived a family. She was not easy. There were over 100 people in this family. And she occupied the whole village. So they lived with the whole family and the whole village. You will say: so what, you never know big families in the world. But the fact is that the family was special - peace and harmony reigned in this family and, therefore, in the village. No quarrels, no swearing, no, God forbid, fights and strife.

The rumor about this family reached the ruler of the country. And he decided to check if people are telling the truth. He arrived in the village, and his soul rejoiced: all around was cleanliness, beauty, prosperity and peace. Good for children, calm for old people. The lord was surprised. I decided to find out how the villagers achieved such a harmony, I came to the head of the family; tell us, they say, how you achieve such harmony and peace in your family. He took a sheet of paper and began to write something. He wrote for a long time - apparently, he was not very strong in writing. Then he handed the sheet to Vladyka. He took the paper and began to sort out the old man's scribbles. Dismantled with difficulty and was surprised. Three words were written on paper: a hundred times love, a hundred times forgiveness, a hundred times patience. Vladyka read it, scratched, as usual, behind his ear and asked:

Yes, - the old man answered, - this is the basis of the life of any good family.

And the world too.

I think you will agree with me that your class is a small family. And therefore, try to always reign in her kindness, respect, mutual understanding. Thanks everyone for the lesson.

I was afraid: whatever it is, but the economy, on the other ...
The second reason was more important: for some time now Baba Dunya had been sleeping uneasily, talking, and even screaming in her sleep. In your hut, at home, make noise even for the whole wide world. Who will hear! But as a guest ... As soon as they lie down and fall asleep, Baba Dunya mumbles, speaks out loud, convinces someone, asks so clearly in the silence of the night, and then shouts: "Kind people! Save!!" Of course, everyone wakes up - and to Baba Dunya. And she has such a disturbing dream. They will talk, calm down, give valerian and disperse. And an hour later, the same "Forgive me for Christ's sake! Sorry!!" And again the apartment on end. Of course, everyone understood that old age and the unsweetened life that Baba Dunya had led were to blame. With war and famine. They understood, but that didn't make it any easier.
Baba Dunya came - and adults, consider, did not sleep all night long. Good is not enough. They took her to the doctors. They prescribed medicines. Nothing helped. And Baba Dunya began to go to the children less and less, and then only an ordinary thing: she would shake for two hours on the bus, ask about her health and return. And to her, in the parental home, they came only on vacation, in the summer. But Grisha’s granddaughters, having entered the years, began to travel more often: on winter holidays, on October holidays and May holidays .
He fished in the Don in winter and summer, picked mushrooms, skated and skied, made friends with street guys - in a word, he did not get bored. Baba Dunya was happy.
And now, with Grisha's arrival, she sick forgot. The day flew by without seeing, in vanity and worries. I didn’t have time to look back, and it was already turning blue outside the window, evening was approaching. Grisha showed up brightly. Rumbled on the porch
a red-cheeked man with a frosty spirit flew into the hut and declared from the threshold:
- Go fishing tomorrow! Bersh takes over the bridge. Fool!
“That’s good,” Baba Dunya approved. - Let's enjoy the ear.
Grisha had dinner and sat down to sort out the gear: jig and baubles checked, spreading his wealth on half a house. And Baba Dunya settled down on the sofa and looked at her grandson, asking him about this and that. The grandson was small and small, and in the last year or two he suddenly stretched out, and Baba Dunya hardly recognized in this long-legged, big-armed teenager with a black fluff on his lip the clubfoot Grishatka.
- Baba, I say, and you can be sure. There will be an ear and a fever. The company does not knit brooms. Take into account.
“It’s really bad with brooms,” Baba Dunya agreed. - Up to three rubles at the market.
Grisha laughed.
- I'm talking about fish.
- About the fish ... My uncle was fishing. Uncle Avdey. We lived in Kartuly. I got married from there. So there are fish...
Grisha was sitting on the floor, among the baubles and woods, his long legs across the whole little room, from bed to sofa. He listened and then concluded:
- Nothing, and tomorrow we'll catch: on the ear and roast.
Outside the window, the sun had long since set. The sky was pink for a long time. And the half moon was already shining, but it was so good, clear. Went to bed. Baba Dunya, ashamed, said:
- At night, maybe I'll make noise. So you wake up.
Grisha waved it off:
“Baby, I can’t hear anything. I sleep dead.
- Well, thank God. And then I'm making noise, you old fool. I can't do anything.
Both Baba Dunya and her grandson fell asleep quickly.
But in the middle of the night Grisha woke up screaming:
– Help! Help, good people!
Waking up, in the darkness he did not understand anything, and fear seized his.
- Kind people! Lost cards! The cards in the blue handkerchief are tied up! Maybe someone picked it up? - And she was silent.
Grisha understood where he was and what. This was Baba Dunya screaming. In the darkness, in the silence, grandmother's heavy breathing was so clearly heard. She seemed to breathe, gaining strength. And again she wailed, until she spoke out loud:
- Cards ... Where are the cards ... In a blue handkerchief ... Good people. Children… Petyanya, Shurik, Taechka… I’ll come home, they ist they will ask ... Give me some bread, mother. And their mother ... - Baba Dunya stammered, as if stunned, and shouted: - Good people! Don't let me die! Petyanya! Shura! Taechka! - She seemed to sing out the names of the children, subtly and painfully.
Grisha could not stand it, got out of bed, went into his grandmother's room.
- Granny! Baba! he called. - Wake up...
She woke up, tossed and turned:
- Grisha, are you? Woke you up. Sorry, for Christ's sake.
- You, woman, lay on the wrong side, on the heart.
- In the heart, in the heart ... - Baba Dunya obediently agreed.
- It is impossible in the heart. You lie on the right.
- Lie down, lie down...
She felt so guilty. Grisha returned to his room and went to bed. Baba Dunya tossed and turned and sighed. What came in a dream did not immediately recede. The grandson also did not sleep, lay, getting pissed. He knew about cards. They were given bread. Long ago, during the war and after. And Petyanya, about whom her grandmother grieved, is her father.
In the liquid darkness of the half-light of the moon, a cupboard and a bookcase darkened. He began to think about the morning, about fishing, and already half asleep Grisha heard his grandmother's muttering:
“Winter is coming… Stock up on stomachs… For kids, kids…” Baba Dunya muttered. - There is not enough bread, and we will manage with stomachs. Don't take it away, for Christ's sake... Don't take it away! she screamed. - huch give me the bags! Bags! And the sobs cut off the cry.
Grisha jumped out of bed.
- Granny! Baba! he shouted and turned on the light in the kitchen. - Grandma, wake up!
Baba Dunya woke up. Grisha bent over her. Tears shone on Grandmother's face in the light of the electric bulb.
“Babanya…” Grisha gasped. Are you really crying? So it's all a dream.
I'm crying, you old fool. In a dream, in a dream...
But why are tears real? After all, the dream is not true. You're awake, that's all.
- Yes, she's awake now. And there…
– What did you dream about?
- Did you dream? Yes, bad. As if for acorns, I went beyond the Don, to the mountains. Got it in two bags. And the foresters on the ferry take away. Like it's not supposed to. And they don't give bags.
- Why do you need acorns?
- Feed. We pushed them, added a bit of flour and chureks baked, ate.
- Grandma, are you just dreaming or was it? Grisha asked.
“I’m dreaming,” Baba Dunya answered. - Dreaming - and it was. Do not bring, Lord. Don't bring me... Well, lie down, go lie down...
Grisha left, and a sound sleep overcame him, or Baba Dunya no longer screamed, but until late in the morning he did not hear anything. In the morning he went fishing and, as promised, caught five good bershey, on the ear and fry.
At dinner, Baba Dunya grieved:
- I don’t let you sleep ... Up to two times bulgachila. Old age.
“Don’t take it into your head, Grandmother,” Grisha reassured her. - I'll sleep, what are my years ...
He had lunch and immediately began to pack. And when he put on a ski suit, he became even taller. And he was handsome, in a ski cap, such a sweet face, boyish, swarthy, with a blush. Baba Dunya seemed quite old next to him: her bent, sagging body, her gray head was shaking, and something unearthly was already seen in her eyes. Grisha briefly, but clearly I remembered her face in the semi-darkness, in tears. The memory cut to the heart. He hastened to leave.

Friends were waiting outside. The steppe lay nearby. A little further away planting pines were green. It was so good to ski there. The resinous spirit penetrated the blood with a life-giving chill and seemed to lift an obedient body over the track. And it was easy to rush, as if to soar. Behind the pines rose sand mounds - kuchugur, overgrown with krasnotalom. They walked in a hilly ridge all the way to the Don. There, to the high Zadonsk hills, also covered with snow, it was drawn. It beckoned to steepness, when the emery wind cuts a tear from your eyes, and you fly, crouching a little, with narrow slits of your eyes tenaciously catching in front of each bump and hollow to meet them, and your body freezes in a shaky summer. And finally, like a bullet, you fly out onto the smooth tablecloth of a snow-covered river and, relaxing, exhaling all your fear, roll and roll calmly, until the middle of the Don.
That night Grisha did not hear the woman Dunya's cries, although in the morning he could tell by her face that she was restlessly sleeping.
- Didn't wake you up? Well, thank God…
Another day passed and another. And then one evening he went to the post office, to call the city. During the conversation, the mother asked:
- Does Baba Dunya let you sleep? - And she advised: - She will only start talking in the evening, and you shout: “Be silent!” She stops. We tried.
On the way home, I started thinking about my grandmother. Now, from the side, she seemed so weak and lonely. And then there are these nights in tears, like a punishment. Father reminisced about the old days. But for him they passed. Not for grandma. And with what, no doubt, she waits for the night. All people have lived bitter and forgotten. And she has it again and again. But how to help?
It's late afternoon. The sun disappeared behind the coastal Don hills. The pink border lay behind the Don, and along it - a rare, distant forest of patterned niello. It was quiet in the village, only small children laughed, riding on a sled. It hurt to think about my grandmother. How to help her? What was your mother's advice? He says it helps. It may well be. It's the psyche. Order, shout - and stop. Grisha slowly walked and walked, thinking, and in his soul something warmed and melted, something burned and burned. All evening at dinner, and then over a book, at the TV, Grisha no, no, yes, and he remembered the past. He remembered and looked at his grandmother, thought: "If only not to fall asleep."
At dinner, he drank strong tea, so as not to overdo it. He drank a cup, another, preparing himself for a sleepless night. And the night came. They put out the light. Grisha did not lie down, but sat up in bed, biding his time. The moon shone outside the window. The snow was white. Black sheds. Baba Dunya soon fell asleep, snoring. Grisha was waiting. And when at last another indistinct muttering came from his grandmother's room, he got up and went. Light in the kitchen lit, got up
next to the bed, feeling an involuntary trembling seize him.
- Lost ... No ... No cards ... - Baba Dunya muttered still quietly. - Cards ... Where ... Cards ... - And tears, tears rolled up.
Grisha took a deep breath to shout louder, and even raised his foot to stomp. To be sure.
- Bread ... cards ... - in heavy flour, with tears, Baba Dunya uttered.
The boy's heart was flooded with pity and pain. Forgetting what he had thought about, he knelt down in front of the bed and began to convince, softly, affectionately:
- Here are your cards, woman ... In a blue handkerchief, right? yours in a blue scarf? It's yours, you dropped it. And I raised it. You see, take it,” he repeated insistently. - All whole, take ...
Baba Dunya was silent. Apparently, there, in a dream, she heard and understood everything. The words didn't come right away. But they came:
- My, my ... My handkerchief, blue. People will say. My cards, I dropped. God bless you good man...
Grisha realized from her voice that she was about to cry.
"Don't cry," he said loudly. - The cards are whole. Why cry? Take some bread and bring it to the kids. Bring it, have dinner and go to bed,” he said, as if commanding. - And sleep peacefully. Sleep.
Baba Dunya was silent.
Grisha waited, listened to his grandmother's even breathing, and got up. He was beaten chills. Some cold penetrated to the bones. And you couldn't get warm. The oven was still warm. He sat by the stove and wept. Tears rolled and rolled. They came from the heart, because the heart ached and ached, pitying Baba Dunya and someone else ... He did not sleep, but was in a strange oblivion, as if in distant years, other, and in someone else's life, and he saw life, so bitter, such misfortune and sadness that he could not help but cry. And he wept, wiping his tears with his fist. But as soon as Baba Dunya spoke, he forgot about everything. The head became clear, and the trembling left the body. He approached Baba Dunya just in time.
- There is a document, there is a document ... here it is ... - she said in a trembling voice. - I'm going to the hospital to see my husband. And the night is outside. Let sleepover.
Grisha seemed to see a dark street and a woman in the darkness, and flung open the door to meet her.
- Of course we will. Please pass. Come on in. Your document is not needed.
- There is a document! Baba Dunya shouted.
Grisha realized that he had to take the document.
- Okay, let's go. So… I see. A very good document. Right. With photo card, printed.
- Correct ... - Baba Dunya sighed with relief.
- Everything fits. Come on in.
- I'd like to be on the floor. Only until the morning. Wait it out.
- No gender. Here is the bed. Sleep well. Sleep. Sleep. On the side and sleep.
Baba Dunya obediently turned on her right side, put her hand under her head and fell asleep. Now until morning. Grisha sat over it, got up, put out the light in the kitchen. The crooked moon, sinking, looked out the window. The snow was white, sparkling with live sparks. Grisha went to bed anticipating how he would tell his grandmother tomorrow and how they were together... But suddenly a clear thought burned him: it was impossible to speak. He clearly understood - not a word, not even a hint. It must stay and die in it. You need to do and be silent. Tomorrow night and the night after it. You need to do and be silent. And healing will come.

Tamara Yaremenko, fifteen years old, half-Russian, half-Ukrainian, born in Kyiv and who lost her mother during the bombing of Nizhyn, made her way to Leningrad to her paternal aunt. Tamara was a tall girl and looked older than her years. She had never seen Aunt Anna Nikolaevna before, and their relationship was difficult. Anna Nikolaevna wanted to save her ten-year-old daughter Katya from death, for her sake she made any sacrifices, and Tamara, who fell on her head at the most terrible time, forced her to take care of herself. But Tamara had nowhere to go. And Leningrad was surrounded. As the hunger increased, the frost intensified, the hopelessness in Tamara's soul grew. And, oddly enough, Tamara's main soothing thought was the thought that she did not have to go to school and that she could forget about her high growth, because of which the boys used to laugh at her. She understood that she was weakening and that she might die soon, but she was not afraid of this, because she did not have time to grow up from misfortunes. And when during the air raids she read to Katya "Uncle Tom's Cabin" then wept with her. Tamara did not rise in her thoughts to the fate of the country, her people, although she had long been accustomed to saying not “honest pioneer”, but “honest Komsomol”. She seemed to freeze, waiting for the return of the life that she recently lived in the green city of Kyiv, above the Dnieper, among the quiet chirping pods acacia with mom and dad.
In the early morning of January 4, 1942, Tamara stood in line at the bakery on Truda Square. The sky is already purple, she thought. The door will open soon. Supplements, if it is small, I'll eat it. I will press it with my tongue to my teeth and hold it. Juice will come out of it. It has a lot of juice, especially in the crust, although it is hard. And don't worry about the cold. If you endure something for a long time, you don’t notice anything anymore. In such a sky, the frost is even greater than on the ground, and the pilots are probably even worse than us. If they don't open the door now, I'll scream. I really, really can't. Why, when people feel bad, the frosts are completely purple? If there is a God, he is evil. My stomach has never been so cold. Lord, forgive me, let the door be opened. And let them hang the bread with the addition, because I will never pick a piece from the whole rations... And the old woman no longer has steam from her mouth. In vain she sat down on the curbstone. If I don't move, I'll die too. Nothing, nothing, they will open the door someday. They weigh us down, crumbs fall through a wooden grate, and by the evening a whole mountain of crumbs is collected under the counter: and the saleswomen eat them, they always steal them. But everyone is afraid of them, because they can weigh even more. Frost is so blue. No, you can't cry. I will come home, lie down, cover myself with my head, and then I will cry. How much I didn’t eat breakfast at breaks at school, how much I didn’t eat vinaigrette! When the bun dried up and the butter on it turned yellow, I threw away breakfast ... Here. They open the door. Where does this one go craftsman? Yep, he got kicked out. It serves him right. Uncle launched. And an aunt from the entrance yard. Me next time. Grandma is cold. And the can is standing in the snow. And someone will pull out cards from her, because there are no patrols, no policeman ... "
Tamara was now standing near the bakery itself. The glass in the door was broken and boarded up. Frost has grown on the head of each nail. From the bakery came the muffled clatter of many feet caught a cold semi. To the left of the door stood a craftsman - a boy of about fifteen, in a torn uniform padded jacket, with a towel wrapped around his neck, in a cap pulled over his ears. He leaned against the wall, his eyes were half closed like those of a sleeping bird, his blue face was expressionless. He tried several times to the door, but was pushed away. And he stood near the wall, not realizing that he had to take a queue at the end, because more and more people were coming and they would not let him in ahead of them, although he had come before them.
The city slowly crawled out of the darkness, but did not wake up, because it did not sleep. The city kept in itself day and night numbness. The expanse of the square was agitated by snowdrifts. Between the snowdrifts, a line to the bakery twisted. Snow dust smoked from the roofs. And it was all silent. As if the city was at the bottom of the dead sea. Densely frosty trees, ruined buildings, bridges, embankments, a queue at the bakery - all this was flooded by the icy sea.
The craftsman opened his eyes and said in a whisper:
- Citizens, yesterday I was here at the bakery, I lost my cards, let me in, citizens, I'm not lying, citizens, I'm dying.
Nobody answered him.
“If you lost your cards, why do you need to go to the bakery,” Tamara thought. “No, you don’t move, nothing will work out for you. I do not trust you. Or maybe I believe you, but it's better for me not to believe you. It's so scary to lose cards. Better let the bomb fall right into the bed. Only the Germans don't bomb much in winter. And it would be better if ours did not shoot from anti-aircraft guns. As soon as our people start shooting, that's how they drop the bombs."
The door opened and someone said:
“The next twenty.
In the bakery, the steam from the breath hovered over the flames of the smokestacks. Oil lamps burned near the saleswomen. Loaves lay on the shelves behind the saleswomen. Long knives, attached at one end to the counter, rose above the next loaf, fell on it, pinched and slowly passed through. And the edges of the cut were shiny from the pressure of the knife. And all around it was, as in a temple, muffled. And everyone looked at the bread, at the knife, at the scales, at the saleswomen's hands, at the crumbs, at the heaps of card coupons and on scissors, which in a quick zigzag snatched coupons from cards.

Tamara got bread for one day, because they didn't give her tomorrow. The norm could be about to change. And no one knew which way. Touch additives she didn't make up her mind. She put the bread in the palm of her left hand and covered it on top with her right. Close to home - three blocks, and the bread should not have been frozen. She kicked open the door of the bakery, then put her head through the crack, then her shoulder, then stepped into the crumpled snow, shining from the morning sun.
And immediately a black line, white snowdrifts and a lamppost rushed past her into the sparkling morning sky. The craftsman pushed Tamara, jumped on her, tore out the bread, bit it and crouched in the snow, pulling his knees up to his head. The queue slowly approached the craftsman, and he disappeared under felt boots, boots, galoshes and boots. The people in line were holding onto each other's shoulders. The craftsman did not fight back, only tried to hide his face in the snow so that he could swallow bread. Then he screamed. The queue quietly returned to its place. And Tamara pulled out from the bony fingers of the craftsman the rest of the bread, slobbered, with traces of teeth. "Anna Nikolaevna won't believe me," she thought indifferently. "She told me to take string bag, but I didn’t take it, I forgot. The craftsman stirred and sat down in the snow. Drops of blood fell from his mouth onto the gray padded jacket. His cap was trampled into the snow, and the wind stirred the boy's pale hair. But his broad forehead and narrow chin, with wrinkled skin, his face was humble.
- Are you crazy? Tamara asked.
She stuffed the rest of the bread into her mitten and went to channel Krushtein, past the broken pharmacy window, past the Savings Bank sign, past the old cast-iron pedestal on the corner. A shell thumped, and the sound of the explosion sounded like something alive in the numb silence. Tamara went up to the third floor, felt her way through the darkness, passed the corridor, and at last opened the door of the room. The windows of the room overlooked a narrow courtyard well, and therefore the glass survived. Two beds were silent in the corners, littered with soft junk.
Anna Nikolaevna and Katya were sleeping. “I won't wake them up,” Tamara decided. “I'll leave my card, suitcase, and shoes. Tomorrow they will also receive my one hundred and twenty-five grams. And I'll go somewhere. It's good that you sleep, Anna Nikolaevna. Farewell, Katya. If it were possible to make it not to be today and now… But this is absolutely impossible. Here, I took only the ring. Mom said to always wear it. It is not gold, Anna Nikolaevna, it is silver with gilding. They won’t even give you a crumb of bread for him, honestly.”
Tamara quietly closed the door, went through the kitchen, down the corridor, down the stairs, out onto the canal, then onto the square, past the old cast-iron pedestal on the corner, past the Savings Bank sign, and found herself on Profsoyuz Boulevard. Frozen trolleybuses stood along the boulevard, dangling absurdly overhanging their wide wheels. wind chalk snow drift. Frosted trees closed in branches overhead. Soon they began to spin, and Tamara no longer knew whether she was walking, or standing, or sitting, and did not know whether it was night or day.
...Arch of the post office, frozen hours. Black sailors from the patrol with machine guns on their chests. Machine with the inscription: "Mail". A living machine, warm smoke flies from behind it. Tamara pushed through the high doors of the post office. They gave in with difficulty. A huge hall with a white, sparkling roof. And bags, bags, bags, bags ... And not a bit warmer than outside. But there is no wind. She sat in a corner, pulled the flaps of her coat over her knees, thrust her hands into the sleeves, closed her eyes and saw a large yellow, overripe cucumber. And cows tied with a rope by the horns to the carts of refugees. The cows walked with their hind legs wide apart, they had not been milked for a long time.
I found a place to sleep! someone said loudly. district committee ?
The man was tall, in a white sheepskin coat, one sleeve tucked under his belt.
- I'm coming, I won't interfere here, honestly. I lost my cards,” Tamara said.
- Komsomol member? Damn, they ask you!
- Yes. Just me from the war contributions did not pay...
“Disgraceful,” said One-Armed. “Promiscuity. Whip you a little in early childhood. Sekli or not?
"I don't know," Tamara said.
- Were you spanked or not as a child?
- I do not know. Don't kick me out, I won't do anything wrong...
- Get up!
He took her by the collar with his hand, lifted her up, shook her, then dragged her into lobby and pushed through the heavy double doors into the street. And she immediately sat down in the snow.
“Very well,” he said. “Sit there. The plot will be called: "She lost the cards." Damn, the shutter immediately freezes! If you only knew how difficult it is to take pictures with one hand! Everything. Get up! We have to go, do you hear? I have a splendid corner close here, and there the stove is burning, and the glue has been brewing for the third hour.
The one-armed man grabbed her by the collar again and hauled her to her feet. The yellow post office arch and the big blue clock. Black sailors from the patrol with orange machine guns on their chests. Sparkling snow and sparkling frost falling from wires. And somewhere nearby - boom! - hot, sharp and heavy hit the cold stone.
- Walk, walk, - said One-armed. - You are not as dead as you think. You are full of life. I'll warm you up and send you to work. You go to spread correspondence. See the door under the stairs? Living under the stairs is quieter at a time like this. The strongest thing in the world is what people climb up. Sit down by the stove and now you can sleep. And in two hours you will go to work.
She sat down on her bunk by the stove, and for a moment she fancied evening clouds across the Dnieper and birds flying low over the water. And then she fell asleep. And woke up when One-armed again shook her by the scruff of the neck. She didn't remember how she got here.
– wake up- said One-armed. - Why are you calling mom? I removed the foam for the fourth time ... Did you boil the glue? You see, it boils violently, but the foam does not stand out. Shall we shoot? It will be a fun thing if the guts stick together! I will especially feel bad.
- Why? Tamara asked.
“It’s harder to untangle intestines with one hand than with two. Believe I have precedent. I had to winter near New Earth on the icebreaker. The captain got drunk in the colony and was a day late for departure.
Telling, One-armed poured boiled wood glue from pot to pot. - The team almost beat the old man when we realized that we were wintering because of his long drinking. A month later, they ate only a can of canned food per mouth and one hundred grams of crackers. Now it seems like a lot! Then he made his way to us Krasin". For three days in Arkhangelsk the police did not pick us up. It was possible to break the window and lie among the hams, and you still would not have been taken to the police ... Now I will put brew in the cold, and in five minutes we will swallow it.
“Don’t put it outside the door, uncle,” said Tamara. “The cats will take it away.”
- The beginnings of logical thinking have already returned to you, - said One-armed. - Now it remains to return the memory: the last cat was eaten here about two months ago. And don't drink cold water after my jelly. Let's indulge in boiling water, but don't try to drink cold. And keep in mind, you will want to drink great.
– Honest Komsomol, I won’t.
My name is Valery Ivanovich. How old are you?
“It will be sixteen soon.
- I thought, more ... You will go for a start here, close, along the embankments. Here, you see this bag? Olya wore it. You will have to be worthy of her blessed memory. Don't rely on janitors. Our janitors turned out to be a bastard. You will come here for the night. The name of?
- Tamara.
He brought jelly and dumped it out of the saucepan onto a plate, salted it and cut it into slices with a fork. It was a wonderful student. It was tastier than anything in the world, although it had no taste or smell at all. And it was absolutely impossible to chew it: it immediately slipped into the throat. Then they drank boiling water, and One-armed said:
“If you leave your bag or letters, you will become a scoundrel and die a scoundrel. If you smash them to addresses, Komsomol will be proud of you.
And she felt the weight of the mail bag on her shoulder and decided that if there is a God, then he is good ...

Civilians in times of armed conflict must always be treated humanely:

it is forbidden to resort to acts of violence in the treatment of the civilian population (murder, torture, corporal punishment, mutilation, medical or scientific experiments);

civilians and their property should not be the object of attacks by participants in hostilities;

the parties to the conflict are obliged to provide the necessary assistance to the civilian population.

Before moving on to a brief summary of Boris Ekimov's Night of Healing, let's talk about the author of this work.

about the author

Boris Ekimov (born 1938) is one of the oldest Russian prose writers. He wrote such works as "The Girl in the Red Coat", "Officer", "At Our Own", "Arrived Safely", etc. The story "Night of Healing" was written in 1986.

The story takes place in the 1970s and 1980s. Many years have passed since the Great Patriotic War ended, the Soviet soldiers returned home with a victory, but the memories are still alive in the hearts of people who survived this terrible time.

In the summary of the "Night of Healing" by B. Ekimov, we note that in the story there are no descriptions of battle scenes, explosions do not rumble, people do not die. The work does not seem to be about the war. But also about the war at the same time. About its grave consequences, about how much suffering those who did not fight, but worked and lived for the future victory, raised children, and believed in the best had to endure.

About heroes

Baba Dunya is an elderly woman who suffers from restless dreams. She screams in her sleep, calls for help, wails that she has lost bread cards. Her screams wake up those around her. They calm her down, give her valerian to drink, but soon, when Baba Dunya falls asleep, everything repeats again.

Her daughter and son live in the city, both with their families, but Baba Dunya does not even want to visit them. She understands the anxiety her "noisy" dreams bring to the household. Of course, they also understand that all this was formed from the anxieties and fears of military and post-war life - hunger, disorder, tireless work for wear and tear. But a lot of time has passed since then. Baba Dunya has grown old, and in a dream she seems to be returning to the past.

They took Baba Dunya to the doctors, they prescribed medicines for her, but they did little to help. And the night did not get quieter. Therefore, the old woman, not wanting to burden anyone, lives alone. And if he comes to visit the children, then for a short time - "ordinary".

Her grandson Grisha is a tall, ungainly teenager, who until recently, as his grandmother thinks, was a "club-toed" child. Cheerful and active. On holidays and vacations he visits his grandmother Dunya.

Let's move on to a brief summary of Ekimov's Night of Healing.

Plot

Grisha, her grandson, came to Baba Dunya, who lives in the village. Skiing, skating, fishing. The old woman is happy - she starts pies, borscht and compote cooks, hosts. Her old man's loneliness temporarily disappeared, the house became more cheerful. And although the grandson rushed off to nature with rural friends, Grisha's things - clothes, books - are everywhere, reminding him that he will return soon.

The plot of the plot, as it should be noted in the summary of the Night of Healing, is that on the very first night upon arrival, Grisha jumped up from the cry of grandmother Dunya: “Help, good people! ... I lost my cards! ... In a blue handkerchief! " The boy jumped up, woke the screaming woman, and ordered her to lie down on her other side.

The old woman was ashamed that she woke her grandson, she was upset, but soon fell asleep again. And in a dream she spoke again and even cried. She dreamed that she went to the Don to collect acorns, and when she began to cross back on the ferry, the ferrymen took away the bags of acorns. It was with them that Baba Dunya quarreled in a dream, conscienced them. And she cried. Grisha was especially struck by her tears - he had never seen people take dreams so close to their hearts. But Baba Dunya was re-experiencing in a dream what had already happened to her, and that was the whole point. She could not forget the bitter, difficult past. Someone may have forgotten, but she did not. Every night old troubles revived and returned to her.

Grisha went fishing, brought bershes in his ear and zharekha. A couple more days passed. Once Grisha went to the post office, talked to his mother, and she, having learned that Baba Dunya still did not sleep well and made noise at night, advised: “She will just start talking, and you shout:“ Be silent! She will stop. We tried."

Grisha really wanted to help his grandmother, and he decided to follow his mother's advice. Evening came, he struggled to keep himself awake. And when Grandma Dunya went to bed, he sat on the bed and waited.

Last episode of the story

Finally, Baba Dunya stirred, muttered uneasily, saying that she lost her bread cards, how can she survive now? On the advice of his mother, Grisha wanted to shout and stomp, he had already taken a deep breath and lifted his leg ... But such agony was on the face of the old woman and such bitter tears in her eyes that the boy knelt down next to the bed, said quietly: " Here they are, your cards, grandmother ... In a blue scarf, right? These are yours in a blue scarf? You dropped it, and I picked it up. Here, take it ... "And Baba Dunya calmed down.

And after some time, she suddenly spoke again: she was sneaking to her husband in the hospital, here are the documents, they would let her spend the night, she would only have to change somewhere until the morning. Grisha "took the documents", said that everything was in order and she could stay until the morning. And grandmother Dunya calmed down, peaceful.

And in the morning he wanted to tell his grandmother these nightly stories, to brag about how smart he was, but he realized: you can’t talk. This must be his secret. He will still be with his grandmother. And the next night, and the one after it. Will "enter" her dream again. "Find" the cards she lost, "protect" from those who take the last, "return" what was stolen. And then healing will come to her.

This is the summary of the story "The Night of Healing" by Yekimov.

What a story?

The main idea of ​​this work: attention and compassion for a person is the main thing in life. It is very important to find the strength in yourself to understand and sympathize with another, especially an old man - after all, he has a difficult life behind him, filled with losses and hardships. The author leads the reader to the conclusion that the desire to help one's neighbor must be disinterested, come from the heart. And this is not only about relatives, although they are also about them. After all, much in life begins with the family, with the relationship of close people to each other.

Another story about growing up. Grisha realized what pain his grandmother still has in her soul, how her past torments her, and he, unable to pass by, makes an important decision without telling anyone about it.

All this should be noted, setting out a summary of the "Night of Healing".

A very important and instructive story in which the author teaches compassion for the problems of other people. In the story, the author raises the problems that the war left in the souls of people.

The protagonist of this work is the boy Grisha, whose grandmother suffers from a psychological disorder. She got it because of the events that she experienced during the war.

Relatives tried to help this elderly woman, but to no avail. Parents advised the boy to wake up his grandmother during her nightmares. That's when the grandmother fell asleep and in her sleep she began to scream and cry. The boy decided to listen to why his grandmother was so terribly upset.

It turned out that every night she was going through the same nightmare, in which she lost coupons, they could get bread. Grisha began to question his grandmother and told her that he had her coupons and gave them to her. After that, the grandmother calmed down and began to smile happily and thank her grandson.

This story, using the example of Grisha and his grandmother, teaches all people to become kinder and treat people who need it with compassion and pity.

Help the elderly, sympathize with their problems and fears, do not pass by those people who need help. This work evokes pity and compassion for the old grandmother, and after she found her coupons and was delighted, it evokes a feeling of joy and justice.

The author of all readers of this story teaches mercy, compassion and teaches all people to help each other. After all, sympathizing with another person, there is a desire to help him. This is how the author instills in his readers a love for the world around him.

The heroine of the story, grandmother Dunya, lived alone, so she felt lonely and useless, but when her grandson arrived, she immediately perked up, cheered up and even forgot about her illnesses.

She began to cook various pies, cook cabbage soup, and took out preservation from the basement. And with a joyful look looked out the window. After all, she knew that her grandson would come soon, they would talk about everything during dinner.

Baba Dunya lived alone, she didn’t go to visit the children in the city, or she went there and immediately back without spending the night, because she was afraid to disturb her children and grandchildren with her cries. Grisha listened to all the nightly stories that grandmother told in her sleep.

He was very worried, and was so upset by the stories he heard that he decided to help his grandmother. He persuaded her and returned to her the cards and acorns that had been taken from her. He said that everything will be fine, get bread on coupons and go to bed.

Grisha was very upset and horrified after listening to all the nightmares of his grandmother, but they turned out to be stories from her life. Therefore, the boy was doubly imbued with all the horror and grief that his grandmother experienced.

And thanks to his compassion and mercy, he was able to heal his grandmother by telling her the right words. He helped Grandma, and that night of healing brought his Grandma a restful sleep and peace of mind that she had not known for many years.

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