Musical theaters of Russia. Material on the topic: "Children's musical performances Musical performances

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What is musical? Surely many ask this question, because today this genre of theatrical art is the most popular all over the world. It is the synthesis of drama, music and dance.

Genres of musical theater

What is the Opera, Ballet, Musical and Operetta? All this is the genres of the musical theater. All of them have their own distinctive features. But unites them that in all these works the main thing is music.

• Opera. Appeared in the XV century in Italy. She connects music, word and scenic action.
• Ballet. Originated in France in the XVI century. This is a musical performance in which the plot is revealed by means of dance. And to express feelings, a pantomime is used. In the 20th century, a new type of ballet appeared - unusty. Dancers express only the nature of the music.
• Operetta is a comic representation. Music numbers here alternate with verbal dialogues and dancing. This is a much larger genre than opera and ballet. It is believed that operetta originated in the middle of the XIX century.
• Musical appeared at the beginning of the 20th century. In this genre, music, dramatic art, dialogues, pantomime, choreography, songs are closely intertwined.

Musical

Consider in more detail what kind of musical. The definition characterizing this genre gives us an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat he originated under the influence of several genres that existed to him: operetta, waterville, comic opera and burlesque. The musical is most often doubled. This is a very difficult genre for both the directories and actors. Artists in the musical should be universal and can be able to sing, dance, have dramatic talent. In the propulsion, it is complicated by what should be bright, spectacular, with a large number of interesting scenic solutions, with complex scenery, luxurious expensive costumes. Musicals are replete with a variety of special effects. Recently, it is very fashionable to use in the performances of this genre 3D technology. The musical is a commercial genre, since it is necessary to spend large material means for the production of such a performance, therefore, and tickets are worth noticelessly.

How did the genre of the musical

Genre combining several other types of musical scenic arts, which is what the musical is in music. The definition of this type of representations has happened not so long ago. It was originally difficult to separate the musical from the operetta. But over time, this type of representations have developed a separate genre of theatrical art.

Music's homeland is America. For the first time, such a show was shown in New York in 1866. It combined the presentation in variety, comedy rooms, romantic ballet, melodrama and dramatic interludes. The very first musical was "Black Staff". At first, this genre ranked with a musical comedy, because the performances were entertaining and did not have any special plot. The content is at all attached much importance. The main thing is to have fun, and at the same time the rooms were performed by popular artists. Now in the musical plot attached great importance. In most cases, it is based on a literary work.

The difference between the musical from the musical performances of other genres

What is the musical differ from its predecessors - operas and operetta? There are many differences between the opera and the musical. With the operability - much in common.

The performance, where artists who perform the roles should own various vocal techniques from the classics to jazz, which is what musical. Opera is more demanding on vocal artists vocal data: To fulfill the opera parties, a stronger and vivid voice with a wide range is needed. But, on the other hand, soloists of opera houses sing exclusively in an academic manner.

The performance in which artists should not only sing well, but also possess dramatic talent. It is so possible to answer the question "What is operetta?" And the musical is also a performance where the artist should be a good dramatic actor and beautiful vocalist. But, in addition, the artists here should dance at a high level. In the operetta, the actors also perform dance numbers, but less often not so complex. In the musical there are various dance and vocal genres - jazz, pop, classic, rock, folklore. In the operetta, as in the opera, the style of singing and dance academic.

Musical on Broadway

The development of the musical in America at the beginning of the 20th century was facilitated by such legendary personalities as O. Hammerstine, J. Gershvin, L. Bernstein, J. Kern and others. Many of them are immigrants from Russia, who left abroad during the revolution.

Broadway music show is what? Genre "Musical" by the middle of the 20th century has changed somewhat. The libretto complicated, the requirements for the vocal and acting skill of performers increased, more attention began to be given choreography. The legislator of musical fashion at that time became Broadway. The performances that went there in the first half of the 20th century are already numbered today. Broadway is New York Street, the length of which is 25 kilometers. It accommodated 40 theaters. Broadway musicals are the most famous in the world. Until now, they are enjoying great popularity. Spectators from all over the world go to America to visit the Broadway Music Show.

What are Broadway theaters? They differ from standard repertoire. Broadway theaters are buildings that are leased to the producers of the show. Here is not your troupe. Under each performance by casting choose artists.

The performances go in daily mode. If attendance falls and earnings are becoming less, then the shows are closed, and the troupe is dissolved. One of the main features of the Broadway musical is that it is created with the calculation of success and big profit. Some shows go to theaters for 20-30 years. But there are also those who cease to be interesting to the public within a few weeks.

Musical in Europe

In the 50s of the 20th century, the European Spectator met the musical. But this genre was popular there not immediately. The first time of opera and operetta remained for the European viewer in the first place. Nevertheless, the genre has taken root.

The first performance, which was in popularity to bypass the opera with the operetta, was the formulation of the music of F. Low "My beautiful Lady". Then there were "Westsida Story" and "Hello, Dolly!". Today, the musical in Europe is the most popular genre of theatrical art. The replacing the borrowed American productions came their own.

What is the musical in Europe? It differs from Broadway. Here much attention is paid to the plot, which has a literary basis. This is not comedy show. The manner of execution in European productions is different from American traditions. Music is more complicated, and it is not designed to cheer and entertain. Even the process of preparing the production in Europe differs from how it happens in America. The difference is very big. Today, the world's most popular European musicals have become the creation of Anglian E. L. Webber, as well as French and Austrian productions.

E. L. Webber

The most famous and popular today in the world composer writing music for musicals is E. L. Webber. His era began in the 70s of the XX century. What is Music E. L. Webber? It is complex and ingenious music, combined with the most interesting libretto and a talented formulation. Creation of this composer is the most long-playing and cash regulations.

The most popular Musicals Sir Webber:

• "Phantom of the Opera".
• "Cats."
• "Jesus Christ Superstar".
• "Evita."

Musical in Russia

In our country, for the first time this genre appeared in the middle of the 20th century.

What is the musical in Russia? Initially, these were exclusively filmters in which the characters sang songs. It is difficult to clearly determine what the exact genre of these pictures is - is it really musicals or will it be more correct to call them with musical films? Why does such a question arise? Because they were very rejected from the standards of this Musical. They were created on their own canons. Nevertheless, there are also such Soviet films that can be called musical with confidence. These include paintings:

• "Mary Poppins, goodbye."
• "June 31".
• "Island of the dead ships."
• "Ordinary Miracle."
• "Hanuma", etc.

The first film, shot in the genre of the musical, was the picture of the city of Aleksandrov "Funny Guys", in which L. Utesov took part with his jazz gang. The Soviet viewer got the opportunity to know what musical is. In music, Jazz prevails in the film, which corresponds to the traditions of Broadway. In the future, the director took out a few more films of this kind.

In the 60s of the XX century there were first attempts to put the musical on stage. Such experiments conducted the "Leningradsky" theater. There was even a legendary "Westsida Story". In the 1980s, the Epoch of Rock Opera A. Rybnikov, who put the director M. Zakharov on the scene of Lenkom. They had a great success of the "star and death of Hoaquin Muriet", "Juno and Avos." The latter still comes with a constant shackle.

The XXI century was designated by the creation of such domestic productions in the genre of the musical, as:

• "Count Orlov".
• "Master and Margarita".
• Nord-Ost.
• "Scarlet Sails".

Russian versions of foreign productions in Moscow

In the late 90s of the 20th century, musicals on the principles of the West began to be issued in the capital of Russia. Russian producers began to acquire licenses for hire of foreign performances. The actors are our director - from abroad. The Russian viewer got the opportunity to get acquainted with the best show of the world. The most first such project was the Musical Metro. His rental was a great success, which was the reason for the fact that the musicals created on foreign licenses began to multiply. After were "Notre Dame de Paris", "Romeo and Juliet", "Beauty and the Beast", "Cats", "Little Mermaid", etc. From 2014, the legendary "Ghost of the Opera" is underway in MDM, E. L. Webber.

Russian versions of foreign productions in St. Petersburg

With great success, she picked up the restraint of licensed productions from abroad St. Petersburg theater of the musical comedy. It all started in 2011, when the Vampire Ball was put by Roman Polanski, who had a grand success. In 2014, the production was temporarily closed, and the audience is waiting for the return of the favorite performance. Now, on the stage, Muzukomedi is another legendary musical - "Jackail and Heid".

Castings for roles in musicals

The selection of actors on the execution of roles in the productions of this genre is carried out in several stages. Artists must demonstrate their vocal data, choreographic skills and dramatic talent. Basically, actors are selected on the execution of roles in the musical. But there are exceptions. There is such a concept as "People's Musical". A vivid example of such a show is "Blue Cameo" K. Breitburg. What is a people's musical? This is such a performance where a person who does not have a special education can become a soloist, but possessing talents. In the casting of such projects, everyone can take part. Talented nuggets go to the scene along with professionals.

This article discloses in detail the question of what musical is. The definition of this genre is given at its very beginning.

Among the entertainment, which offers Moscow residents of the city and guests of the capital, musicals occupy a special place - these spectacular and exciting ideas guarantee strong emotions and vivid impressions. The best of them are every ruble spent on the ticket. Therefore, deciding where to go in Moscow, Muscovites and tourists, more and more often prefer productions in this genre, especially since the tickets to the musical can be bought on the day of the performance.

What musicals look in season 2018/2019

In our bills of Moscow musicals, we tried to present the whole range of metropolitan musical performances - large-scale shows for adults, musical performances for young children and for the whole family, musicals of foreign authors and modern Russian musicals, topical experimental performances and performances in the classical traditions of the Russian theater.

In Moscow, there are about 70 musicals - from the grand show worth a few million euros to modest chamber performances. The most important premieres usually take place in the fall. In the 2018/2019 season, we recommend visiting:

• the musicals "Anna Karenina" and "Monte Cristo" in the "Moscow Operetta" theater.
• the musical "Princess Circus" and other productions of the Moscow Theater of the Musikla, who moved from Gorbushka to the theater "Russia" in Pushkin Square.

If you are not sure where to go in Moscow, stop your choice on one of these musicals.

Although tickets to popular musicals are usually quite expensive, there are several ways to save. How to go to the musical and can not be ruined .

in preparing and conducting

musical performances

with preschool children

MKDOU BMO kindergarten №12

outlooking type

Music leader

Usova Marina Stanislavovna

Borisoglebsk

"Children's musical performances"

Huge opportunities to reveal their talents, bring to life a dream to throw over the copying energy, find friends, understand your character and take another step in comprehending the surrounding world gives the child a children's music play.

Such a performance requires long preparation. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately distribute time to prepare rationally plan rehearsals. Having decided to prepare the performance, find like-minded people among colleagues, parents. Let each of them contribute to their contribution to the performance, will take on any obligations of actors, illuminators, costumes, decorators, choreographer, musical leader, director, sound engineer and responsible for the expressive reading of texts of children.

The script is selected, discuss it in your team, make possible changes and additions. Sharely develop sound and light scores, projects and sketches of future scenery, discuss the costumes. On the same discussion, determine who will take on the role of the lead, if this is required on the script, and who will and how will fill out possible pauses and hints. Leading should be a good dictation, have organizational abilities, be charming to agree on the place where the performance will be shown, assign the day and time of the start of the performance and the general rehearsal.

Another day after the performance, gather together, discuss how well the performance has passed, mark good places, try to find out the reason for failures.

Adult roles in the play

Some roles in children's performances involving preschoolers take adults. Usually, these are moms, dads, wizards, fairies, Baba Yaga, Koschey Immortal, Leshel, King, Queen, Mistress in performances, where children play mice, chickens, butterflies and just children.

The choice of actors and participation in a children's fairy tale in the role of actors should be considered very responsible:

1) a candidate for a role should be able to meet the image of his character (voice and appearance),

2) the selected must have artistic abilities, good memory;

H) texts memorize, especially to pay attention to the dialogues and poetic texts;

4) songs and dances are learned separately, the musical leader and choreographer helps;

5) Joint rehearsals with children are held only those of them of them, who are directly, but participates in dialogues, songs or choreographic rooms;

b) Sometimes the participation of an adult character in bulk numbers is required, then the numbers are learned by adults and children separately with the music manager and only a few days before the performance, joint rehearsals are carried out.

Adults should accommodively approach the preparation of the fairy tale: to know the sequence of what is happening, their texts, and also be sure to know all the texts of children so that in the battle the moment you can tell them. The play for children is not an exam, but the possibility of joyful communication, the realization of their abilities and unforgettable impressions. Of course, in the process of working with children over the performance, the number of prompts must be minimized, especially in the prepared group. In general, it depends on the level of development of children and the systematics of their participation in such ideas.

Baby roles in the play

In the participation of children, performances can be divided into those in which there are roles (main and secondary) both for children and adults, and those in which only children take part. In any case, the choice of children in the role is one of the most responsible stages of preparation for the fairy tale. There are several options here, and the choice of one of them is based on the experience of the participation of children in such performances. If the children did not participate before it in fairy tales, then the role should distribute the teacher. It is necessary to explain to each child who will be, and that it will mean for the child himself. Here you need to very carefully select words not to configure the child against your future role, do not strengthen the shye and experience before, "how will it all be? Will I not be funny and stupid? " The child must feel that they hope for him and he would not hurt to work out. If you can turn rehearsals in joyful creativity and, the child will like this information, then his work will cease to be difficult, but will become an interesting occupation.

Another way to distribute the role is suitable for children who have some "actor experience". You can invite everyone to try your strength to favorite roles by them if disputes arose, to stop at whom. And the rest of the children will name whether the children are rarely mistaken.

Of course, insults are possible. There are many ways to smooth the unpleasant moment: to offer other roles or play a role in turn, expecting the opportunity to show a fairy tale more than once. Children who often took part in performances can be entrusted to distribute roles on their own. However, in all these versions, the teacher, at the level of cooperation, should, using its methodical skills, to direct the activities of children.

If the fairy tale is put on the basis of one of the group in kindergarten, it is important that everyone gets at least some role in it. Let it be the role of a second plan or participation in the choreographic room. Children should not feel lonely and unnecessary.

In the performances, where all the roles are performed by children, for sure, there will be characters - adults: merchants, sailors in a tale "Scarlet flower", mother mouse, pig, horse, cat, cat in a fairy tale "Fairy Tale of a silly mouse" and others. Children often play the "house", where they take on such roles, so it's not so difficult to cope with them in the play, and the corresponding costumes will help small artists to be born into the image.

Well, if you have a doubleler on each role. This does not mean that the dubler is a child who participates in the performance only when the replacement is necessary. For example, entail the child at once two roles: one of the main, which it will duplicate, and secondary from mass scenes, in which, if necessary, his absence will not be noticeable. Or immediately agree with the children about the alternate execution of the role during one performance (in parts that can be divided by intermission) or on the exchange of roles on subsequent shows.

Organization of rehearsals

Now you know who the character will play. Make a list of the first lineup, a list of the second composition of the actors. Develop a rehearsal schedule individually for each actor (if necessary), rehearsals of the performance on individual pieces and joint rehearsals, which completes the preparation for the play, appoint a general rehearsal in costumes with all sound and light effects, songs and choreographic rooms.

The last rehearsal should be sure to pass in costumes for many reasons. Once again check if something from the costume will not fall during the performance, will not interfere with the movement of a suit, children see themselves in suits, which allows you to get deeper into the image, do not feel cured during the performance from the new, - the usual clothes. In addition, children will not be distracted, looking at each other in an unusual form.

At all recent rehearsals, children enjoy the same attributes as during the performance. At the beginning of learning roles, attributes can be replaced by any items. A spoon can temporarily replace the flag, the broom - a gymnastic stick.

Rehearsals begin a month before presentation.

Learning roles

Baby roles are preparing in advance so that in a few days there was no extra tiring.

Arcing texts with children of preschool age can be entrusted to the parents of the child. Perhaps parents are very busy people, then you yourself will have to work out with their child, appointing additional individual rehearsals. Well, if someone is specifically fixed to follow the learning of texts and expressive reading.

After parsing the scenario, scroll it into separate small scenes, consider all the actions of the actors on this segment of the performance and their place in the miceanszen (where at a certain point the child will stand where to watch and what to perform actions). Reheat the performance on these little disadvantages, individual dialogues and even phrases. Do not rush - work expressive movements with children, correct intonation.

Encourage children's initiative and ability to variations. This will help them not be confused with a possible closure during the performance and show their individuality.

Vocal and dance numbers are also learned in advance and individually.

Music in the play

Children's performances acquire a special color thanks to the use of music and sounds in them. Songs and dances, as well as musical backgrounds in some performances play no less important role than word.

There are a number of rules and restrictions on the selection and learning of the musical repertoire with children of preschool age.

For example, each age group of children-preschoolers, thanks to the age characteristics, corresponds to their range of singing. Children 5-6 years old may sing in the re-re-audio range 2. The sound of low sounds is more intense, so in working with children it is necessary to use songs with convenient testicular, i.e. such songs in which more high sounds are found, and low should be pass. Convenient sounds for children 5-6 years are F-si. In this range, the sound is the easiest, natural.

Most children of 6-7 years can correctly intolerate the melody within the re-si, and targeted, systematic work allows you to expand the range of all children (up to re).

Arcuring or repetition of songs Be sure to start with deposits and musical exercises.

Exclude loud, obscure singing. This can lead to a breakdown of voice and even diseases.