Kustar Museum of the Moscow Gubernsky Zemstvo (Leontievsky Per., D.7). How I went to the museum of Morozov's handicrafts

One of them is a companion of Peter the Great Autonom Golovin, who served in the rank of Claim - owned by two-story chambers built from the stone in Sheremetyevsky Lane (now - Leontiev Lane, 7).

In 1871, the building was transferred to the ownership of Anatoly Mamontov, who had to be brother Savva Mamontov - an entrepreneur and patron. With a new owner, the publishing house was opened in possession, as well as the printing house. For the latter, even rebuilt special premises on the project of architect V.A. Gatmana (today - Leontiev Lane, House 5).

Mamontov's publishing house was engaged in the release of children's books, whose pages illustrated such artists as Victor Vasnetsov, Valentin Serov and Sergey Malyutin.

At the beginning of the 20th century, possession was divided into two parts, and the right plot with the current home number 7 in Leontievsky Lane passed to the property to the industrial and collector S.T. Morozov.

Sergey Timofeevich was a passionate connoisseur of easels of national fishery. That is his passion and predetermined the story and the fate of the ancient building.

First of all, Morozov ordered a project for the reconstruction of the house by the famous architect S. Solovyov. An old Russian terme was given by the old Russian chambers. This appearance is unchanged to this day.

The next step of Sergei Timofeevich was the transfer of an updated structure as a gift from the handicraft museum, which at that time was located at the Big Nikitskaya Street and led his story since 1885. It is interesting to know what exactly in Him, in 1898, the general public was presented for the first time, the beauty-matryoshka was represented by the artist Sergey Milyutin.

New halls began to fill in new masterpieces of folk art. Visitors could see carved rifts and rockers, as well as sculptures of various birds and animals.

In 1911, the building in Leontievsky Lane, house 7 increased by an additional volume, where the store was opened, offering visitors to the Kustar Museum various products and crafts of Russian folk crafts.

A few words about the architecture of an extension.

Easured her at the initiative of S.T. himself Morozova, and the project performed architects Adolf Erichson and Vasily Bashkirov. The entrance is decorated in the form of a porch in the "Old Russian" style with the column-barrels inherent in it. The roof of the structure crosses the vane, decorated with a toy image. The lobby is striking the beauty of a ceramic fireplace, the sketch of which was performed by the artist Mikhail Vrubel.

The Kustar Museum made a huge contribution to the preservation and development of Russian art fisys. Starting from the 1910s, his staff not only participated in various exhibitions and fairs, but also were their organizers.

Nowadays in the building at Leontyevsky Lane, house 7 located Museum of Matryoshki and Museum of Folk Art. The collection of the latter includes about 50,000 exhibits, including wood carving, painting on metal, stone, wood and bones, lace folk clothing, and other products of folk craftsmen.

Among the museums, the history of which is inextricably linked to the activities of patrons, the Kustar Museum occupies a special place. His successor is the All-Russian Museum of Decorative and Applied and Folk Art.

In the 60-70s of the XIX century, an interest in the Russian intelligentsia is awakened in the Russian intelligentsia, which is associated with the manifestation of the national in domestic culture. Study, gathering and collecting of the objects of peasant art begins. Public interest in folk culture prompted both Zemskiy organizations pay attention to handicraft crafts, attempt to improve the condition of handicrafts as a special area of \u200b\u200btraditional artistic culture.

In 1882, at the All-Russian industrial and art exhibition, held in Moscow on the Khodynskiy field, the public for the first time, products of artisans of the Moscow and other provinces of Central Russia were widely presented. The famous critic V. Stasov wrote: "Of all Russian exhibitions, which we have so far have been, this is the most magnificent exhibition." The section of the handicrafts had a deafening success and attracted the attention of the public to the problems of the handicraft industry.

A passionate amateur of ancient, an excellent sign of art, a representative of the famous family of entrepreneurs and patrons, Sergey Timofeevich Morozov acquired the entire exhibition collection of folk crafts, which was based on the future of the Museum.

The collection was posted on the street of Zamenka in the house of V. Ya. Lepsekina, where in three years a trade and industrial museum of handicrafts opened. Three years later, the Museum moved to the rented S. T. Morozov, the room at the corner of Nikitskaya Street and the passage of Nikitsky Boulevard, and in 1903 he found his permanent address - Leontyevsky lane, 7.

The new home of the Kustar Museum in the Russian-Byzantine style was built on the funds of S. T. Morozov on the project of the architect S. U. Solovyov. Later, in 1911, the museum building is expanding due to an extension for the store, made on the project of architects V.N. Bashkirov and A. E. Erichson.

The handicraft museum occupied a special position in the cultural life of the capital. His influence extended far beyond Moscow, because the museum not only performed collecting and scientific and educational functions, but also was the engine of the handicraft industry.

The main activity of the museum was aimed at assisting and supporting trees as carriers of traditional folk culture. The museum was to become the center for the popularization of handicrafts, to promote their artistic level, assist masters in improving their work, promote sales of handicraft products, participate in school organizations, schools and workshops.

In the 1900s, the structure of the Moscow Handicraft Museum is developing, and in the root, which in other museums of that time. In the Kustar Museum, three independent units were created, which carried out specific tasks: the bureau to promote the fishery, the trade department and the "Museum of Designs", which was given a special role: he became a kind of artistic and experimental laboratory.

To create highly artistic samples of handicrafts, according to which the masters could work, well-known artists were attracted - the Vasnetsov brothers, A. Ya. Golovin, V. D. Polenov and many others. The collection of the museum was constantly updated by the monuments of the "Russian Starna", which served as samples for the development of new works, the formation of artistic taste of handles, preserving and multiplying cultural traditions.

To supply artisans with samples and drawings, S. T. Morozov replenished the collection of museum by monuments of applied arts of the XVII-XIX centuries, and for their own funds.

Of great importance for the popularization and development of folk art fishes of Russia, the Kustar Museum was part of the largest Russian and international exhibitions.

A special place among them belongs to the World Exhibition in Paris in 1900. The pavilion of handicrafts and needlework has highlighted among the other exhibition pavilions with their national flavor. He was a string of small wooden buildings in the typical style of the Russian North of the XVII century with a hollow and a rural wooden church.

"Russian Village" - "Village Russe", as the French was painted, this unusual structure was built on the project of the artist K. A. Korovin architect I. E. Bondarenko.

In the 1920s and 1930s, the Kustar Museum did a lot in order for the fishers to adapt to new socio-economic conditions. In particular, he played a major role in the formation and development of lacquer miniatures in ancient icon-painted centers - Palekh, Mster and Holo, contributed to the revival of Gzhel ceramics.

In 1931, a research institute was created on the basis of the Kustar Museum, since 1941, called the artistic industries (NIIP). The museum became his structural division at the Rights of the Department and was called the "Museum of Folk Art."

In 1999, upon order of the Government of the Russian Federation, the collection of the Museum of Folk Art named after S. T. Morozov was transferred to the All-Russian Museum of Decorative and Applied and Folk Art (NSDPNI).

Morozova S.T. Museum of handicrafts

The shopping and industrial museum of artist of the Moscow Governorate, created on the initiative of Sergey Timofeevich Morozova, was opened on May 21, 1885

Sergey Timofeevich Morozov (1860-1944) attracted to its creation of professors of Moscow University A.I. Chuprov and N.A. Karyshev. The assembly of the museum includes the exhibits of the Kustar Division of the All-Russian Art-Industrial Exhibition of 1882, as well as separate items, re-evidence as a gift Museum S.T. Morozov.

Originally was in the Flygel Mansion V.Ya. Lephankina on the corner of Znamenki and Vagankovsky alley (the house is not preserved). In 1890, translated into a large Nikitskaya Street, to the house of Micklyshevsky, in 1903 he moved to a two-story building in Leontyevsky Perera, 7. In 1911-13. According to the project of architect V.N. Bashkirova was an extension of a two-story, with a mezzanine, right wing for the premises of the shopping department.

In 1918-1920 The museum was called handicraft Museum, in 1920-1926. - Central Museum of the Highway. In 1931, a scientific and experimental handicraft was created (Nekin), reorganized in 1932 to the Institute of Hu-Clawed Hoody Industry, including the Museum and the Art Field Shop. Now in the venation of the art industry.

Museum Foundation is 50 thousand units of storage (traditional peasant carving and painting on wood, metal, stone, bone, art metal, ceramics, painting on papier-mâché, folkwear, you are savings, lace, sleeping; individual types of urban and industrial art; the most complete number of modern domestic artistic profits in Russia).

Previously, I thought that always, in this intricate house in the pseudorussky style was the museum of handicrafts. And it so happened that this museum was the only nearby in which I was not. In those days, this street was called Stanislavsky Street. 20 years ago, in 1994, the street was returned to her previous name - Leontyevsky alley. And just now I decided to see the exposition of this museum. I was waiting for a huge disappointment - only one sign remained from the museum. Could not believe and long wandered around this building in search of some secret entry. Finally, the guard came out of carved wooden doors and explained that the museum was not here for a long time. The famous collection of famous Musenate Morozova was transferred to the All-Russian Museum of Decorative and Applied Art, washed and mostly lost. Here is such a sad story, and I read that in 1994, 50 years after the death of Morozov, a number of decisions of state structures were adopted about the recreation of Morozov heritage in the form of a museum of folk art and preserving it in a historic building in Leontievsky Lane.

1. The history of the creation of this museum is such. In the XVII-XVIII centuries, the place between the current streets of Tverskaya and Big Nikitskaya was an aristocratic area. Two-storey chambers lined up from stone in Sheremetyevsky Lane (now Leontyevsky Lane, 7), owned by the Obolnik Peter the Great A. Golovin. In 1871, the building passed to the ownership of Anatoly Mamontov, who had to be brother to the entrepreneur and the patron of Savva Mamontov.

2. With the new owner, the possession of the publishing house was opened, as well as the printing house for which a special premises were built on the project of architect V.A. Gartmana (today Leontiev Alley, House 5). Mamontov's publishing house was engaged in the release of children's books, whose pages illustrated such artists as Victor Vasnetsov, Valentin Serov and Sergey Malyutin.

3. At the beginning of the 20th century, the ownership was divided into two parts, and the right plot with the current home number 7 passed to the property to the industrial and collector S.T. Morozov. Sergey Timofeevich was a great connoisseur of folk crafts and decided to create a museum of folk crafts in this house. He ordered a project for the reconstruction of the house by the famous architect S. Solovyov. An old Russian terme was given by the old Russian chambers.

4. This appearance has been preserved to this day.

5. The next step of Morozov was the transfer of a structure as a gift to the handicraft museum, which before was located at the Big Nikitskaya Street and led his story since 1885. The basis of the assembly of the exhibits of the Kustar Department of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of 1882 in Moscow, the objects of art crafts of the late XIX - early XX centuries. The new museum became replenished by masterpieces of folk art. In 1911, the building increased by an additional structure, where the store was opened with various crafts of Russian folk crafts.

4. An extension built on the initiative of S.T. itself Morozova, and the project prepared architects Adolf Erichson and Vasily Bashkirov. Porch with barbar columns was built by architect S. Solovyuvoy.

6. On the roof of the building was installed a vane, depicting the "Bogorod Kuznetsov". According to the stories, a ceramic fireplace has been preserved in the lobby, made according to the sketch of Vrubel. It was impossible to get inside the premises.

7. After the October Revolution, the Kustar Museum was renamed to the Museum of Folk Art. Under different names, the museum continued to work on the development of folk crafts. Sergey Timofeevich himself was left at the museum of a handicraft consultant, but in 1925 he emigrated to France. S.T. Morozov died in 1944 and was buried at the Paris Cemetery of Saint-Geneva de Boua.

8. The Kustar Museum made a huge contribution to the preservation and development of Russian art crafts. Starting from the 1910s, his staff not only participated in various exhibitions and fairs, but also were their organizers. Here is such a commemorative board hanging at the entrance.

9. But the museum at Leontyevsky Lane, house number 7 has no 15 years.

10. The sign is once again reminded that the object is protected by the state.

16. Passage to the courtyard of the manor.

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18. The backyard opens such a species. I have no words! Nearby, close to the historical building, there is some kind of construction.

19. Gallery connecting two buildings of the house number 7 - the former museum of handicrafts.

20. Some incomprehensible, obviously later facilities on the roof.

22. And now, for some reason, in the historic building of the museum of handicrafts, the ensemble "Birch" is located. Here is such a strange and very sad story.

23. In the duplex "Monuments of the architecture of Moscow", the Publishing House "Art", 1989 there are two photos of this house. The first shows the facade of the XVIII building. From the book - "at the beginning of the XIX century in the first floor, Seni, storerooms and cellar were placed and only in the second - residential chambers."

24. "In 1900, the estate was bought by S.T. Morozov for the purpose of the device of the Kustar Museum in the main house rebuilt for this in 1902-1903. S.U. Solovyuvov. Part of the house from the court was prescribed, and the facade of The street was disassembled and erected on a new line with scenery in the unaware style. "

25. "In 1911, V.N. Bashkirov attached a commercial premises to the museum building, in which there was a shop for the sale of handicrafts." This is visible on the first floor plan. It seems that there are some construction work at the place of an extension for green shelter!

One of them is a companion of Peter the Great Autonom Golovin, who served in the rank of Claim - owned by two-story chambers built from the stone in Sheremetyevsky Lane (now - Leontiev Lane, 7).

In 1871, the building was transferred to the ownership of Anatoly Mamontov, who had to be brother Savva Mamontov - an entrepreneur and patron. With a new owner, the publishing house was opened in possession, as well as the printing house. For the latter, even rebuilt special premises on the project of architect V.A. Gatmana (today - Leontiev Lane, House 5).

Mamontov's publishing house was engaged in the release of children's books, whose pages illustrated such artists as Victor Vasnetsov, Valentin Serov and Sergey Malyutin.

At the beginning of the 20th century, possession was divided into two parts, and the right plot with the current home number 7 in Leontievsky Lane passed to the property to the industrial and collector S.T. Morozov.

Sergey Timofeevich was a passionate connoisseur of easels of national fishery. That is his passion and predetermined the story and the fate of the ancient building.

First of all, Morozov ordered the project of reconstruction of the house to the famous architect. An old Russian terme was given by the old Russian chambers. This appearance is unchanged to this day.

The next step of Sergei Timofeevich was the transfer of an updated structure as a gift from the handicraft museum, which at that time was located at the Big Nikitskaya Street and led his story since 1885. It is interesting to know what exactly in Him, in 1898, the general public was presented for the first time, the beauty-matryoshka was represented by the artist Sergey Milyutin.

New halls began to fill in new masterpieces of folk art. Visitors could see carved rifts and rockers, as well as sculptures of various birds and animals.

In 1911, the building in Leontievsky Lane, house 7 increased by an additional volume, where the store was opened, offering visitors to the Kustar Museum various products and crafts of Russian folk crafts.

A few words about the architecture of an extension.

Easured her at the initiative of S.T. himself Morozova, and the project fulfilled architects and. The entrance is decorated in the form of a porch in the "Old Russian" style with the column-barrels inherent in it. The roof of the structure crosses the vane, decorated with a toy image. The lobby is striking the beauty of a ceramic fireplace, the sketch of which was performed by the artist Mikhail Vrubel.

The Kustar Museum made a huge contribution to the preservation and development of Russian art fisys. Starting from the 1910s, his staff not only participated in various exhibitions and fairs, but also were their organizers.

Nowadays in the building at Leontyevsky Lane, house 7 are located and