Commercial expertise in the center of Grabar. All-Russian Art Scientific Restoration Center name and

Kommersant reports that the Ministry of Culture may soon ban the All-Russian Art Scientific and Restoration Center named after Grabar (VKHNRTS) Conducting a commercial expertise ...

At the moment, VKHNRTS remained the last state institution engaged in commercial expertise works of art for individuals and individuals. Russian museums have lost their rights to issue expert opinions back in 2006 - due to the scandalous errors in the attribution of paintings by Russian artists. According to Svetlana Vigasina, Deputy Director for Science of the VKHNRTS, the staff of the Center are really waiting for a letter from the Ministry of Consult, but "about the prohibition, most likely will not go," they will simply be asked to deal with the documents.

If the Grabar Center will no longer give out expert opinions on the ministry of culture, it will mean that the state has completely eliminated from the art market, providing its participants to deal with themselves. Such a scheme is valid in Europe, where state museums are engaged in science and exhibitions, and private experts (which may be scientists, and art dealers) - commercial expertise. On the one hand, this is good - on a private expert who issued an incorrect conclusion, it is possible to sue the damage (and try to judge the state).

On the other hand, there may be problems. Other experts, except for all the well-known employees of the largest museums and the VKHNRTS, take it yet. It will be quite logical if after the ban to conduct an examination at the place of work Experts of the VCHNRTs will create a certain independent institution, which will make private collectors and art dealers such expert opinions they need.

The expertise will do the same people on the same equipment and using the same museum comparative bases - as it happens now, for example, in the research independent examination of the name of P. M. Tretyakov (NINE), created by the traineler officers after In the museum, they are prohibited by examination. Nobody tried to sue Ninea.

The experts of the Russian Museum after the ban to make an examination provide individuals "Consulting Services of Research and Research". The St. Petersburg collector Konstantin Azadovsky, for example, displeased with these services, found that the contract is that a written result of the study, no matter how it turns out to be transmitted to the judicial authorities.

All-Russian Art Scientific Restoration Center named after Academician I. E. Grabar - State Restoration Organization of Russia.

The corner of the streets of Radio and Baumanskaya. The former building of FSUE TsAGI. Now the restoration center building

History

The federal state institution of culture "All-Russian Art Scientific Restoration Center named after Academician I. E. Grabar" (VKHNRTS) - the oldest state restoration organization of Russia - was founded on June 10, 1918 on the initiative of the artist and the artist of Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, with the Museums Department and the protection of the monuments of the art and the old people of the People's Commissariat of Enlightenment (32th Division of the Narkomskospros) of the RSFSR in the form of the All-Russian Commission for the Conservation and Disclosure of Old Russian Painting. The chairman of this commission was appointed I. E. Grabar. In 1924, the Commission was transformed into central state restoration workshops (TSGM). The efforts of I. E. Grabar in TsGRM was collected by the color of the domestic scientific restoration of the time: and outstanding art historian scientists, and experienced restorers-practitioners.

In 1934, the Center was eliminated. A part of the leading staff of the Center was repressions, up to the "highest measure of social protection." The charges, of course, are false, but in the then atmosphere almost "deserved": "Propaganda of Religion" under the type of conservation of culture. Fortunately, I. E. Grabar was a figure of such a scale that he was not touched. Return of restorers from opals - "merit" of war. As the occupied part of the USSR, it became clearer the scale of damage caused to war not only to the economy, but also culture - historical monuments, artistic values. On September 1, 1944, SNK issues the order No. 17765-P by the signature of the Deputy Chairman V. M. Molotov on the permission to the Committee on Arts in the Council of Arts, to organize a central artistic and restoration workshop. Naturally, an experienced I. E. Grabar was attracted to the organization, which, becoming the artistic director of the "new" workshop, actually recreated the old, attracting surviving restorers, even withdrawing them from the fronts. Thanks to I. E. Grabary, the current center is fairly considered the successor of those workshops that began in 1918. [ ]

Thousands of monuments of visual and decorative and applied art were preserved for almost a century-old history of the center of the work of his employees for domestic and global culture. Among these monuments of the frescoes of Novgorod and Vladimir Temples, the Councils of the Moscow Kremlin, the Old Russian Icons, including such shrines, like the "Virgin Vladimir" "Trinity" of St. Andrei Rublev; Painting from the collection of the Dresden Gallery, GTG and GMI them. A. S. Pushkin; Panorama "Borodino battle" F.Rubbo; Medieval manuscripts and antique ceramics.

From 1986 to 2010, the Center was led by an artist and art historian Alexei Petrovich Vladimirov. In difficult for all cultural institutions, the conditions of the last decades of the VCHNRTS managed to maintain the best traditions of the restoration school, laid down by I. E. Grabarem and his associates.

VKHNTS specializes in conservation, restoration, examination of monuments of oil painting, icon painting, graphics (including parchment), books (including "Incunabul"), wooden, stone, plaster monuments and oriental sculptures, applied art objects (metal , bone, sewing and fabric, ceramics).

Center today

To date, the Center is one of the few restoration organizations with a time-tested system for the preparation of new employees. Back in 1947, the "Regulations on Restorers' Artists" was adopted in the HCHRM, which had a duty to each master "Permanent Perfection: a) on the history and theory of art; b) on the method of restoration processes; c) according to the general art level (the performance of creative work in accordance with its specialty - in drawing, painting, modeling, copying, etc.). "

Since 1955, the Center has been among the creators and permanent participants of the State Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Culture of the RSFSR, which determined the level of the skill of the restorers. The center stood at the origins of the creation of a state system for learning new restoration personnel, and now it is one of the few cultural institutions, carefully stored for decades, the procedure for consistently improving the qualifications of young professionals. As a rule, new employees coming in the Departures of the WCHNRC have the highest or secondary special art education. The basis of the profession, they comprehend under the leadership of the high and first category restorers. Gradually, as new knowledge and experience gained, they are allowed to work with increasingly complex exhibits.

VKHNRTS works closely with the domestic and international museum community, its specialists take an active part in the work of the Russian branch of IKOM UNESCO since its foundation. Now among the partners of the Center more than 200 museums, restoration workshops and research organizations of Russia and neighboring countries and far abroad.

Employees of the VKHNRT holds a survey and restoration of museum expositions and foundations in the field during travel, take on the internship of museum restorers and custodians, exchange with Russian and foreign colleagues scientific information during numerous conferences and exhibitions.

Preparation of restoration frames in VKHNRTS

VKHNTS today is not only a restoration and research organization, but also the scientific and methodological base of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, including the preparation of qualified personnel for restoration centers, workshops, restoration departments of Russia museums.

Until the Great Patriotic War and immediately after her ending in the USSR, the preparation of restorers in special educational institutions has not yet been practiced, although the need for them was huge, especially in the post-war years. First of all, there were not so many high-class restorers for restoring the lost, how many conservative restorers for ambulance damaged monuments - able to monitor the safety of museum funds, to prevent the final loss of historical and artistic values, to carry out urgent conservation and, already as Opportunities, simple restoration work.

To solve this important task, the central state restoration workshops, as the center of Grabar was called, in 1955, organized biennial courses for the preparation of machine-painting restorers, graphics, sculptures and objects of applied art. The courses listeners have undergone the necessary training, not only practical, but also the general theoretical, and, having received qualifying certificates, indicating the list of work, which they were allowed to perform, became a real salvation for thousands of exhibits in many Museums of the Soviet Union. The best graduates were hired to work in the CGRM, many of them are to this day are the pride of the center.

Currently, the preparation of restoration personnel in Russia is usually consisted of two steps: in a number of artistic educational institutions of the country, restoration faculties and branches are open, after the end of which graduates are internships from experienced workshops.

It is such a mentoring traditionally for the VCHNRTS - a qualified and experienced restorer artist for several years leading, teaching in practice, the work of students, bringing them to a high professional level.

In order to prepare and retraining restorers for museums in the WCHNRC, an internship system was developed in various departments with the mandatory reading of theoretical courses on technology, methods of restoration and various types of pre-departmental and restoration studies of monuments (physical, chemical, radiological, biological, etc.). Internships are carried out on the basis of CNRC agreements with interested organizations and persons.

History

The federal state institution of culture "All-Russian Art Scientific Restoration Center named after Academician I. E. Grabar" (VKHNRTS) - the oldest state restoration organization of Russia - was founded on June 10, 1918 on the initiative of the artist and the artist of Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, with the Museums Department and the protection of the monuments of the art and the old people of the People's Commissariat of Enlightenment (32th Division of the Narkomskospros) of the RSFSR in the form of the All-Russian Commission for the Conservation and Disclosure of Old Russian Painting. The chairman of this commission was appointed I.E. Grabar. In 1924, the Commission was transformed into central state restoration workshops (TSGM). Efforts I.E. Grabar in the TSGM was collected by the color of the domestic scientific restoration of the time: and outstanding art historian scientists, and experienced practitioners practices.

In 1934, the Center was eliminated. A part of the leading staff of the Center was repressions, up to the "highest measure of social protection." The charges, of course, are false, but in the then atmosphere almost "deserved": "Propaganda of Religion" under the type of conservation of culture. Fortunately, I. E. Grabar was a figure of such a scale that he was not touched. Return of restorers from opals - "merit" of war. As the occupied part of the USSR, it became clearer the scale of damage caused to war not only to the economy, but also culture - historical monuments, artistic values. On September 1, 1944, the CNA issues the order No. 17765-p signed by the deputy. Chairman V. M. Molotov on the permission to the Committee on Arts in the Council of Arts, to organize a central artistic and restoration workshop. Naturally, an experienced I. E. Grabar was attracted to the organization, which, becoming the artistic director of the "new" workshop, actually recreated the old, attracting surviving restorers, even withdrawing them from the fronts. It is thanks to I. E. Grabary, the current center is fairly considered the successor of those workshops that began in 1918.

Thousands of monuments of visual and decorative and applied art were preserved for almost a century-old history of the center of the work of his employees for domestic and global culture. Among these monuments of the frescoes of Novgorod and Vladimir Temples, the Councils of the Moscow Kremlin, the Old Russian Icons, including such shrines, like the "Virgin Vladimir" "Trinity" of St. Andrei Rublev; Painting from the collection of the Dresden Gallery, GTG and GMI them. A. S. Pushkin; Panorama "Borodino battle" F.Rubbo; Medieval manuscripts and antique ceramics.

From 1986 to 2010, the Center was led by an artist and art historian Alexei Petrovich Vladimirov. In difficult for all cultural institutions, the conditions of the last decades of the VCHNRTS managed to maintain the best traditions of the restoration school, laid down by I. E. Grabarem and his associates.

VKHNTS specializes in conservation, restoration, examination of monuments of oil painting, icon painting, graphics (including parchment), books (including "Incunabul"), wooden, stone, plaster monuments and oriental sculptures, applied art objects (metal , bone, sewing and fabric, ceramics).

Center today

Corridor. Along the walls are laid out for drying icons of the XVIII century from one of the northern temples sent to restoration to Moscow. Premises to fire

To date, the Center is one of the few restoration organizations with a time-tested system for the preparation of new employees. Back in 1947, the "Regulation on Restorers Artists" was adopted in the HCHRM, which was responsible for each master "Constant Perfection: a) on the history and theory of art; b) on the method of restoration processes; c) according to the general art level (the performance of creative work in accordance with its specialty - in drawing, painting, modeling, copying, etc.). "

Since 1955, the Center has been among the creators and permanent participants of the State Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Culture of the RSFSR, which determined the level of the skill of the restorers. The center stood at the origins of the creation of a state system for learning new restoration personnel, and now it is one of the few cultural institutions, carefully stored for decades, the procedure for consistently improving the qualifications of young professionals. As a rule, new employees coming in the Departures of the WCHNRC have the highest or secondary special art education. The basis of the profession, they comprehend under the leadership of the high and first category restorers. Gradually, as new knowledge and experience gained, they are allowed to work with increasingly complex exhibits.

VKHNRTS works closely with the domestic and international museum community, its specialists take an active part in the work of the Russian branch of IKOM UNESCO since its foundation. Now among the partners of the Center more than 200 museums, restoration workshops and research organizations of Russia and neighboring countries and far abroad.

Employees of the VKHNRT holds a survey and restoration of museum expositions and foundations in the field during travel, take on the internship of museum restorers and custodians, exchange with Russian and foreign colleagues scientific information during numerous conferences and exhibitions.

Preparation of restoration frames in VKHNRTS

VKHNTS today is not only a restoration and research organization, but also the scientific and methodological base of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, including the preparation of qualified personnel for restoration centers, workshops, restoration departments of Russia museums.

Until the Great Patriotic War and immediately after her ending in the USSR, the preparation of restorers in special educational institutions has not yet been practiced, although the need for them was huge, especially in the post-war years. First of all, there were not so many high-class restorers for restoring the lost, how many conservative restorers for ambulance damaged monuments - able to monitor the safety of museum funds, to prevent the final loss of historical and artistic values, to carry out urgent conservation and, already as Opportunities, simple restoration work.

To solve this important task, the central state restoration workshops, as the center of Grabar was called, in 1955, organized biennial courses for the preparation of machine-painting restorers, graphics, sculptures and objects of applied art. The courses listeners have undergone the necessary training, not only practical, but also the general theoretical, and, having received qualifying certificates, indicating the list of work, which they were allowed to perform, became a real salvation for thousands of exhibits in many Museums of the Soviet Union. The best graduates were hired to work in the CGRM, many of them are to this day are the pride of the center.

Currently, the preparation of restoration personnel in Russia is usually consisted of two steps: in a number of artistic educational institutions of the country, restoration faculties and branches are open, after the end of which graduates are internships from experienced workshops.

It is such a mentoring traditionally for the VCHNRTS - a qualified and experienced restorer artist for several years leading, teaching in practice, the work of students, bringing them to a high professional level.

In order to prepare and retraining restorers for museums in the WCHNRC, an internship system was developed in various departments with the mandatory reading of theoretical courses on technology, methods of restoration and various types of pre-departmental and restoration studies of monuments (physical, chemical, radiological, biological, etc.). Internships are carried out on the basis of CNRC agreements with interested organizations and persons.

Fire 2010

In early 2011, an employee of the Restoration Department of the manuscripts of Evgenia Osipov for salvation from the fire of ancient manuscripts, incl. The Spassky Gospel of the XIII century, awarded the Prize "Own Krug" named after V.S. Vysomotsky for 2010.

Notes

Links

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

All-Russian Art Scientific Restoration Center. I.E. Grabar is the oldest restoration institution of Russia, created on June 10, 1918 as a scientific and administrative center, designed to lead all restoration work in the country.

The Commission began its activities from examining the frescoes of the monuments of the Kremlin and Moscow and the restoration of the ancient Russian painting from the Blagoveshchensky Cathedral of the Kremlin. The experience of the first three years of restoration activities was summarized at the I All-Russian Restoration Conference, which was held from 12 to 14 April 1921 and approved the principles of restoration of all types of artistic monuments - architecture, sculptures, painting, applied art.

Currently, VKHNRTS is a complex branched structure, which includes the departments of the restoration of oil and tempera painting, furniture, fabrics, ceramics, graphs, bones, metal, manuscripts, stone sculptures, as well as departments of physico-chemical research, scientific expertise, archive, photoshot . The center created Arkhangelsk, Vologda and Kostroma branches.

Perennial accommodation of workshops in Moscow temples (besides the Cathedral of the Marfo-Mariinsky monastery, various departments were located in the Church of St. Catherine on Fax, Vladimir Cathedral of the Sretensky Monastery, the Church of the Resurrection of Christ in Kadashah), which ITRTS supported and restored, ended in 2006 when The whole organization moved to the reconstructed building on the Radio Street. Expansion of work areas made it possible to equip the departments with modern equipment.

Days of the celebration of the 90th anniversary of the VKHNRTs were noted by the holding of grabarev readings and solemn events involving colleagues-restorers from many Russian museums. The team of the Center received a letter from the President of the Russian Federation with gratitude "for a great contribution to the conservation of the cultural heritage of Russia." All these events took place against the background of the exhibition, the exhibits of which were museum objects "from the restorer desk".

The mode of operation of the exhibition hall:

• tuesday-Friday - 12:00, 14:00, 16:00;
• saturday - 14:00, 16:00;
• monday, Sunday - day off.

The cost of visiting:

• adult - 150 rubles;
• preferential - 100 rubles.

The oldest restoration institution of Russia was created on June 10, 1918 as a scientific and administrative center, designed to lead all restoration work in the country. The initiator of the creation of the Commission for the Conservation and Disclosure of the Monuments of Ancient Painting (so originally was called the center), as well as the creation of a domestic restoration school, Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar was a famous artistic critic and a historian of art, author and editor of many fundamental publications, a talented artist.

The Commission began its activities from examining the frescoes of the monuments of the Kremlin and Moscow and the restoration of the ancient Russian painting from the Blagoveshchensky Cathedral of the Kremlin. The experience of the first three years of restoration activities was summarized at the I All-Russian restoration conference, which was held April 12-14, 1921 and approved the principles of restoration of all types of artistic monuments - architecture, sculptures, painting, applied art.

In 1924, the Commission in connection with the expansion of the work was transformed into central state restoration workshops, technically well-equipped and gathered in their walls of first-class masters restorers and well-known specialists in the field of Russian and European art. Ancient icons were revealed and restored: "Virgin Vladimirskaya" (XII century), "Savior Glazed Vlassee" (beginning of the XIII century), "Savior Independent", Icons of Letters Andrei Rublev, frescoes of Feofan Greek and still a number of the most valuable icons, included in the exposition of the largest museums of the country.

In the process of work, the development of scientific principles of the restoration of artistic works, which found a bright expression in the works of Igor Grabar - the supervisor of the workshops were intensively. The methods of disclosure of works from late layers and the principles of respect for the genuine author's structure of the work became fundamental in the creation of the Patriotic School of Scientific Restoration.

Large restoration exhibitions in Moscow in 1918, 1920, 1927 and abroad were successful: so, the exhibition "The Monuments of Ancient Painting. The Russian icons of the XIII-XVIII "took place in 1929-1932 in the cities of Germany, England, Austria and the United States. Many foreign experts came to get acquainted with the work of workshop restorers.

But the head of the 1930s came - years of destroying the national heritage, when it was recognized as inexpedient to protect all the cultural heritage. "Romanovsky trash", church values \u200b\u200bbegan to be considered malicious for ideological education. The most actively advocated for the preservation of the most valuable monuments of Russian culture Alexander Anisimov and Yuri Olsufyev were repressed and died; Nikolai Pomeranians were exiled, Peter Baranovsky and Nikolai Sychev. For the same time, in the summer of 1934, workshops were disbanded, and the main functions of restoration, accounting and protection of monuments were distributed among the leading central museums of Moscow and Leningrad. The Painting Section, the Scientific Department and the Picture of the Workshops were translated into the premises of the Tretyakov Gallery and practically continued to implement the functions of the central body for the restoration of works of art. Former workshops successfully conducted expeditionary activities to identify and protect monuments not only in Russia, but also abroad - in Kiev, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kerch and other places, have taken emergency measures to maintain unique frescoes in Novgorod, Vladimir, Alexandrovskaya Sloboda.

By order of the Council of People's Commissars in the fall of 1944, workshops are resumed. The general scientific guidance is assigned to Academician Igor Emmanuilovich Grabar, and the director is appointed Vera Nikolaevna Krylova, a lot of effort spent to collect restorers - former workshop staff. The main task of workshops during this period is to carry out restoration work on domestic monuments, victims during the Great Patriotic War. Along with this, picturesque canvas and the articles of graphics from the collection of the Dresden Art Gallery, as well as Museums of Berlin, Poland, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, was restored. In 1966, the restorers' artists actively participated in the revival of world-famous monuments of art affected during floods in Florence.

Since 1960, workshops began to wear the name of the founder - I.E. Grabar, and in 1974 transformed into the All-Russian Artistic Scientific Restoration Center.

Center restorers provide high-quality, highly professional conducting work, using a wide range of various methods and receptions of the restoration, carefully and comprehensively conducting a pre-warring study of works, introducing into practice the results of the latest achievements of science and technology.

Practical and research experience is regularly summarized in the center of scientific publications, guidelines, guides, catalogs, albums, and is also used during internships. Every year, artists-restorers of museums, universities, archives, libraries are being trained in VKHNRTS. In almost all Museums of Russia, as well as the Baltic States, Ukraine, Georgia and Kazakhstan, specialists who have passed once studying in the walls of the center, or their disciples work. Trainees from Italy, USA, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Holland have been trained by the workshop of the restoration. The archive of the Center stores unique material - thousands of passports of returned and saved works, historical and cultural monuments containing a detailed description of the research and actions, photographic materials fixing the course of restoration.

Honored authority enjoyed art historian scientists. They conduct a scientific and technical expertise of the monuments of Russian and foreign arts for the procurement commission of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, museums, collectors and private citizens. In the process of a comprehensive study, the authenticity of the artwork is confirmed, the author, school, the creation time is either a copy or a fake is revealed.

The importance of regularly conducted by the Center for Expeditions is great: thousands of invaluable works of old Russian painting, applied art, wooden sculptures were identified during expeditions under the leadership of Yuri Olsufyev, Nikolai Pomerantsev and their followers. Master icon painter, researcher and restorer Adolf Nikolaevich Ovchinnikov, long years working in expeditions, studied and reproduced in the natural magnitude of the frescoes of eight churches from the XIII to the XV century (Pskov, old Ladoga, Georgia), two of which were killed in our time, and Copies reconstructs Adolf Ovchinnikov are the only evidence of their existence.

Currently, VKHNRTS is a complex branched structure, which includes the departments of the restoration of oil and tempera painting, furniture, fabrics, ceramics, graphs, bones, metal, manuscripts, stone sculptures, as well as departments of physico-chemical research, scientific expertise, archive, photoshot . The center created Arkhangelsk, Vologda and Kostroma branches.

Perennial accommodation of workshops in Moscow temples (besides the Cathedral of the Marfo-Mariinsky monastery, various departments were located in the Church of St. Catherine on Fax, Vladimir Cathedral of the Sretensky Monastery, the Church of the Resurrection of Christ in Kadashah), which ITRTS supported and restored, ended in 2006 when The whole organization moved to the reconstructed building on the Radio Street. Expansion of work areas made it possible to equip the departments with modern equipment.

Days of the celebration of the 90th anniversary of the VKHNRTs were noted by the holding of grabarev readings and solemn events involving colleagues-restorers from many Russian museums. The team of the Center received a letter from the President of the Russian Federation with gratitude "for a great contribution to the conservation of the cultural heritage of Russia." All these events took place against the background of the exhibition, the exhibits of which were museum objects "from the restorer desk". Among them, rescued or rescued paintings and graphic sheets from the meeting of the Muranovo Museum Museum, damaged during a fire in July 2006; Sarcophag (Panticapy, I century) from the meeting of the State Historical Museum, found in 1890 during archaeological excavations under the Kerch; Miniatures from the Krasnoyarsk and Tchaikovskaya art galleries, the most complex restoration of which was carried out on a specially developed technique.