Pictures of Aivazovsky: photos with names (the most famous).
Ivan Aivazovsky - genius. His paintings are genuine masterpieces. And not even from the technique of execution. The first plan here comes to surprisingly truthful mapping of the fine nature of the water element. Naturally, a desire arises to understand the nature of the genius of Aivazovsky.
Any part of the fate was the right and insensitive addition to his talent. In this article, we will try to open the doors to the amazing world of one of the most famous marinists in History - Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky.
It goes without saying that world-class painting suggests a large talent. But the mansion always stood marinist artists. Transfer the aesthetics of "big water" difficult. The complexity here is primarily in the fact that it is on the canvases depicting the sea, the falsity is most clearly felt.
Famous paintings by Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky
The most interesting thing for you!
Family and native city
Ivan's father was a human sociable, enterprising and capable. For a long time he lived in Galicia, later moved to Valachia (modern Moldova). Perhaps for some time he traveled with the Gypsy Tabor, because Konstantin spoke of Gypsy. In addition to him, by the way, this curious person owned Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Turkish.
In the end, fate brought him to Feodosia, which quite recently received the status of Porto Franco. The city in which the 350 residents recently lived recently developed into a lively shopping center with a population of several thousand people.
From all south of the Russian Empire, cargoes were delivered to the Feodosiy port, and the goods from sunny Greece and Bright Italy took place. Konstantin Grigorievich, poor, but enterprising successfully engaged in trade and married Armenian named Ripsema. A year later, they were born the son of Gabriel. Konstantin and Ripsey were happy and even began to think about changing housing - a small house built on arrival in the city became cramped.
But soon the Patriotic War of 1812 began, and after her, the plague epidemic came to the city. At the same time, another son was born in the family - Gregory. Constantine's affairs went downstairs, he broke. The need was so great that almost all valuable things had to sell from the house. Father of the family engaged in heavy affairs. He was very helped by his beloved wife - repression was a skillful needlewoman and often nights stretched in order to later sell their products and support the family.
On July 17, 1817, Hovhannes appeared on the world, who became the famous world under the name Ivan Aivazovsky (he changed only in 1841, but we will call Ivan Konstantinovich so now, after all, he became famous as Aivazovsky). It is impossible to say that his childhood was like a fairy tale. The family was poor and already at 10 Yovannes went to work a coffee shop. The elder brother by that time left to study in Venice, and the average just received education in the county school.
Despite the work, the soul of the future artist is truly blooming in the beautiful southern city. Not surprising! Feodosia, despite all the efforts of fate, did not want to lose their brightness. Armenians, Greeks, Turks, Tatars, Russians, Ukrainians - Meszanin traditions, morals, languages \u200b\u200bcreated a colorful background of Feodosian life. But in the foreground was, of course, the sea. It is it that brings the very color that it will not be able to recreate artificially.
Incredible luck Vanya Aivazovsky
Ivan was a very capable child - he himself learned to play the violin and began to draw. The first easel was the wall of the father's house, instead of the canvas he was content with the plaster, and the brush replaced a piece of coal. An amazing boy noticed a couple of prominent benefactors at once. First, the Feodosian architect Yakov Christian Koh drew attention to the drawings of unusual skills.
He gave Vane's first visual art lessons. Later, having heard the game of Ayvazovsky on the violin, Him became interested in Grador Alexander Ivanovich Treaschaev. There was a funny story - when Koh decided to imagine a small artist Kaznowicheev, he was already familiar with him. Thanks to the patronage of Alexander Ivanovich, in 1830 Vanya enters Simferopol lyceum.
The next three years have become an important milestone in the life of Aivazovsky. Studying in a lyceum, he was distinguished from other completely unimaginable talent for drawing. The boy was hard - longing the longing of native and, of course, the sea. But he retained old dating and started new, no less useful. At first they were transferred to Simferopol Treaschaez, and later Ivan became in the house of Natalia Fedorovna Naryshkina. The boy was allowed to use books and engravings, he constantly worked, looking for new plots and techniques. Every day the skill of genius grew.
The notable patrons of the Talent of Aivazovsky decided to apply for his admission to the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, sent the best drawings to the capital. After reviewing them, President of the Academy Aleksey Nikolaevich Olenin wrote the Minister of the courtyard, Prince Volkonsky:
"Young Guyvazovsky, judging by his drawing, has an extraordinary location to the composition, but as he, being in the Crimea, could not be prepared there to draw and painting, so that not only to be sent to other regions and learn there without leadership, but even So, to enroll in full-time academists of the Imperial Academy of Arts, because on the basis of § 2nd adding to the establishments, it must have at least 14 years.
To draw well, at least from the original human figure, draw the order of architecture and have preliminary information in the sciences, then in order not to deprive the young man of the case and ways to develop and improve its natural abilities to the art, I believed the only one for the highest Locked on the definition of it to the Academy by a pensioner of his imperial majesty with production for its maintenance and other 600 p. From the Cabinet of His Majesty so that he was brought here on the execution account. "
The permissions that Olenin asked was received when Volkonsky showed drawings to Emperor Nicholas personally. July 22. St. Petersburg Academy of Arts took on the training of a new student. Childhood ended. But Aivazovsky rode to St. Petersburg without fear - rightly felt that there were brilliant accomplishments in artistic genius.
Big city - great opportunities
St. Petersburg period of the life of Aivazovsky is interesting at once for several reasons. Of course, an important role was played by training at the Academy. Ivan's talent was complemented by such the necessary academic lessons. But in this article, I want to tell about the circle of communication of the young artist. Truly, Aivazovsky has always been lucky on acquaintances.
Peterburg Aivazovsky arrived in August. And although he was heard about terrible St. Petersburg dampness and cold, in the summer nothing was felt. Ivan walked around the city all day. Apparently, the soul of the artist filled the longing of the usual south of the beautiful views of the city on the Neva. Especially Aivazovsky hit the Isaac Cathedral and a monument to Peter Great. The massive bronze figure of the first emperor of Russia caused the artist with genuine admiration. Still would! It was Peter who was obliged to existence this wonderful city.
Amazing talent and acquaintance with the Treaschair made ovansa favorite of the public. Moreover, this audience was very influential and helped young tissue more than once. Sparrow, the first teacher of Aivazovsky at the Academy immediately understood what talent he got. Undoubtedly, these creative people brought more music - Maxim Nikiforovich, as well as his student, also played a violin.
But over time, it became obvious that the Aivazovsky perception of Vorobyov. Then he was directed as a student to the French Marinist Philip Tanner. But with a foreigner, Ivan did not grow up with the characters and because of the disease (either fictional, or the real one) left him. Instead, he began working on a series of paintings for the exhibition. And it should be recognized, the canvas he created impressive. It was then that in 1835 he receives a silver medal for the work of the Etude of Air over the sea and "view of the seaside in the vicinity of St. Petersburg."
But alas, the capital was not only a cultural center, but also an epicenter of intrigue. Tanner complained to the authorities on the recalcitrant Aivazovsky, they say, what is his student during illness during illness? Nikolai і, a well-known adherent of discipline, personally ordered to remove the pictures of a young artist from the exhibition. It was a very painful blow.
Aivazovsky was not allowed to Handar - the entire public of Yaros was opposed to a non-profitable opal. Olenin, Zhukovsky, court artist Zaerweide petitioned Ivan's forgiveness. The wings himself personally came to console ovansa: "- What. Brother, French offends? Eh, what he is ... Well, God is with him! Do not be sad!..". In the end, justice triumphed - the emperor forgave the young artist and ordered to issue a reward.
In many ways, thanks to Cheerway, Ivan was able to pass the summer practice on the ships of the Baltic Fleet. Created only a hundred years ago, the fleet was already a formidable force of the Russian state. And, of course, for a novice marinist could not be found more necessary, useful and pleasant practitioners.
Write ships without the slightest idea of \u200b\u200btheir device - a crime! Ivan did not begged to communicate with the sailors, to carry out minor instructions of officers. And in the evenings, he played for the team on his beloved violin - in the middle of a cold baltic was heard the charming sound of the Black Sea South.
Charming artist
All this time, Aivazovsky did not stop correspondence with his old benefactor treasurers. It was thanks to him, Ivan began to enter the houses of Alexey Romanovich Tomilov and Alexander Arkadyevich Suvorov-Ramnica, the grandson of the famous commander. At the cottage, Tomilovy Ivan even spent the summer vacation. It was then that Aivazovsky got acquainted with Russian nature, unusual for Yazhnina. But the heart of the artist perceives beauty in any of her form. Every day, spent by Ayvazovsky in St. Petersburg or the surrounding area, added something new to the world weight of the future maestro of painting.
In the house of Tomilov, the color of the then intelligentsia was gathered - Mikhail Glinka, Orest Cyprosen, Nestor Dollman, Vasily Zhukovsky. Evenings in such a company were extremely interesting for the artist. The senior comrades of Aivazovsky accepted him in their circle without problems. Democratic tendencies of the intelligentsia and the extraordinary gifting of the young man allowed him to take a worthy place in the company of friends Tomilov. In the evenings, Aivazovsky often played a violin on a special, oriental manner - superposed the tool in his knee or putting it the end. Glinka even included in his opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila" a small passage, played by Aivazovsky.
It is known that Ayvazovsky was familiar with Pushkin and loved his poetry very much. The death of Alexander Sergeevich was very painfully perceived by ovhannes, later he specially came to Gurzuf, exactly where the Great Poet spent time. No less important for Ivan was a meeting with Carl Bullylov. Recently finished work on the web "Last Day Pompeii", he came to Petersburg and each of the students of the Academy would passionately wanted that Bullylov was his mentor.
Aivazovsky Pupil Bryullova was not, but often communicated with him personally, and Karl Pavlovich celebrated the talent of ovansa. Nestor Dollman dedicated to Aivazovsky's extensive article at the insistence of Bryllov. An experienced painter saw that the subsequent training at the Academy would be for Ivan Rather Regress - there were no teachers who could give something new to the young artist.
He proposed to the Council of the Academy to reduce the term of training Aivazovsky and send it abroad. Moreover, the new Marina "Shtil" won the gold medal at the exhibition. And this reward just gave the right to travel abroad.
But instead of Venice and Dresden, ovansa sent for two years to the Crimea. Hardly Aivazovsky was not happy - he will again be at home!
Relaxation…
In the spring of 1838, Aivazovsky arrives in Feodosia. Finally, he saw a family, a favorite city and, of course, the South Sea. Of course, Baltika has its charm. But for Aivazovsky, the Black Sea will always be the source of the brightest inspiration. Even after such a long separation with relatives, the artist puts jobs in the first place.
It finds time for communicating with mother, father, sisters and brother - all sincerely proud of ovanes, the most promising artist of St. Petersburg! At the same time, Aivazovsky works hard. He writes the cloth for hours, and after the tired goes to the sea. Here he may feel the mood, then the elusive excitement, which from the small years caused the Black Sea in it.
Soon, the Treaschair came to visit the Aivazovsky. On a par with his parents, Jovarem's success was happy and the first thing I asked to show his new drawings. Seeing wonderful works, he did not hide the artist with himself, on a trip to the southern coast of Crimea.
Of course, after such a long separation, it was unpleasant after such a long separation, but the desire to feel the native Crimea translated. Yalta, Gurzuf, Sevastopol - everywhere found Aivazovsky material for new canvases. Treaschairs who served in Simferopol, urged the artist to visit, but he again and again grief benefactor refusal - work above all.
... before the fight!
At this time, Aivazovsky met another wonderful person. Nikolai Nikolayevich Raevsky - a traveler, an outstanding commander, son of Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky, the hero of the defense of Raevsky's battery in the Borodino battle. Lieutenant-General participated in Napoleonic wars, Caucasian campaigns.
These two unlike the first glance of people near the love of Pushkin. Aivazovsky, from the small years, admired by the poetic genius of Alexander Sergeyevich, found in Rajevsky soul. Long exciting conversations about the poet ended completely unexpectedly - Nikolay Nikolayevich suggested Aivazovsky to accompany him in the sea hike to the shores of the Caucasus and look at the landing of the Russian landing. It was an invaluable opportunity to see something new, and even on such a beloved Black Sea. Ovanes immediately agreed.
Of course, this trip was important in terms of creativity. But here were invaluable meetings, they would be a crime. At the steamer "Kolkhida", Aivazovsky met with Lvir Sergeevich Pushkin, Alexander's brother. Later, when the steamer joined the main squadron, Ivan got acquainted with people who were an inexhaustible source of inspiration for the Marinistered Artist.
Going from "Colchis" to the Sistorian battleship, Aivazovsky was represented by Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev. The hero of Russia, the participant in the famous Navarrian battle and the discoverer of Antarctica, Novator and the competent commander, he was vividly interested in Aivazovsky and personally suggested that the "Silistria" to study the subtleties of the Fleet, which would undoubtedly come in handy in his work. It would seem wherever: Lion Pushkin, Nikolay Raevsky, Mikhail Lazarev - some of the whole life will not meet even one person of this scale. But Aivazovsky has completely different fate.
Later, he was introduced to Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, the captain of the "Silibor", the future commander of the Russian fleet in the Sinopsky battle and the organizer of the heroic defense of Sevastopol. In this brilliant company, the young University, the future Vice Admiral and the captain of the famous sailboat "Twelve Apostles", was completely untared. Aivazovsky worked with a completely special passion these days: the situation was unique. Warm environment, favorite Black Sea and elegant ships, which could be studied how much soul wishes.
But the time of landing came. Aivazovsky personally wanted to take part in it. At the last moment they found that the artist was completely unarmed (still!) And he was given a couple of pistols. So Ivan and descended into the landing boat - with a portfolio for papers and paints and pistols at the belt. Although his boat, among the first, moored to the shore, did not watch the Aivazovsky fight. A few minutes after the disembarkation was injured, the friend of the artist - Michman Fredericks. Without finding a doctor, Ivan himself puts the wounded help, and then he supplements on the ship on the boat. But after returning to the coast, Ayvazovsky sees that the battle almost ended. He did not make a minute for a minute. However, let us give the floor to the artist, who in the journal "Kievskaya Starina" described the landing of almost forty years later - in 1878:
"... Coast, illuminated by the setting sun, forest, distant mountains, fleet, standing on anchor, boats dancing around the sea, support a message with the shore ... Moving the forest, I went to the glade; Here is a painting of recreation after a recent combat alarm: a group of soldiers sitting on the drums officers, the corpses of those killed and who came for harvesting their Circassian sorts. Deploying the portfolio, I armed with a pencil and began to draw one group. At this time, some Circassian took the briefcase from my hands, it suffered to show my drawing to his. Did he like the mountaineers - I do not know; I only remember that Circass returned to me a drawing with poured in the blood ... This "local color" remained on it, and for a long time shore is a tangible memory of the expedition ... ".
What words! The artist saw everything - shore, the setting sun, forest, mountains and, of course, ships. A little later, he wrote one of his best works "Truck at Subasha". But this genius threatened mortal danger during landing! But fate was shouted for further accomplishments. During the holiday of Aivazovsky, there was still a journey through the Caucasus, and intense work on the transformation of etudes into real web. But he coped with honor. As always, however.
Hi, europe!
Returning to St. Petersburg, Aivazovsky received the title of artist 14 class. Education at the Academy ended, ovanen overgrown with all his teachers and was given the opportunity to travel in Europe, naturally, with state content. He lealed with a light soul: earnings allowed to help parents, and live himself quite comfortable. And although at first Aivazovsky was supposed to visit Berlin, Vienna, Trieste, Dresden - most of all he was drawn to Italy. There was such a favorite southern sea and the elusive magic of the Apennine. In July 1840, Ivan Aivazovsky with his friend and Slashnik, Vasily Sternberg went to Rome.
This trip to Italy was very useful for Aivazovsky. He received a unique opportunity to study the work of great Italian masters. For hours, he was idle by the clouel, painted them, trying to understand the secret mechanism that Rafael's creations and Botichelli masterpieces. I tried to be in many interesting places, for example, the house of Columbus in Genoa. And what kind of landscapes he found! Apennines reminded Ivan his native Crimea, but with her, another charm.
Yes, and the feelings of kinship with the ground was not. But how many opportunities for creativity! And Aivazovsky has always enjoyed the opportunities to him provided. The level of artist's skill is eloquently, a remarkable fact: the painting "chaos" wanted to buy the Pope himself. Who is who, and the pontiff is used to get only the best! A threatening artist refused to pay, just giving "Chaos" Grigory XVI. Dad did not leave him without award, handing a gold medal. But the main thing is the effect of a gift in the world of painting - the name of Aivazovsky thundered to the whole of Europe. In the first, but not the last time.
In addition to work, however, Ivan had another reason to visit Italy, more precisely, Venice. It is there on the island of St. Lazaror lived and his brother Gabriel worked. Staying in San of Archimandrite, he was engaged in research work and teaching. The meeting of the brothers was held warm, Gabriel asked a lot about Feodosia and parents. But soon they broke up. The next time they will meet in Paris in a few years. Rome Aivazovsky met Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol and Alexander Andreevich Ivanov. Even here, on someone else's land, Ivan managed to find the best representatives of the Land Russian!
In Italy, the exhibitions of Pictures of Aivazovsky took place. The public invariably came to admiration and was vividly interested in this young Russian, who managed to convey all the warmth of the south. All more often Aivazovsky began to recognize on the streets, come to him in the workshop and order work. "Neapolitan Bay", "Views of Vesuviy on the Lunar Night", "View of the Venetian Lagoon" - these masterpieces were the quintessence of the Italian spirit of the Iivazovsky's soul. In April 1842, he refers part of the paintings in Petrburg and notifies the venison about the intention to visit France and the Netherlands. Ivan no longer asks permission to travel - he has enough money, he loudly declared himself and will be welcome in any country. Requests only about one thing - that his sorry sent mothers.
Pictures of Aivazovsky were presented at the exhibition in Louvre and were so struck by the French that he was awarded the Golden Medal of the French Academy. But he did not limit himself with one France: England, Spain, Portugal, Malta - everywhere, where you could see such an expensive to the heart of the sea, the artist visited. The exhibitions enjoyed success and Aivazovsky unanimously showered critics and inexperienced visitors with compliments. There was no longer a shortage of money, but Aivazovsky lived modestly, given to work fully.
Artist of the Main Maritime Staff
Not wanting to delay your voyage, already in 1844 he returns to St. Petersburg. On July 1, he was awarded to the Order of St. Anne 3 degrees, and in September of the same year, Aivazovsky receives the title of Academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. In addition, it is ranked at the main sea office with the right wearing uniform! We know how the pita includes sailors to the honor of the uniform. And here it is worn by civilian, and also the artist!
Nevertheless, this appointment was welcomed in the headquarters, and Ivan Konstantinovich (it can already be called it - a world-famous artist, as-in no way!) Enjoy all possible privileges of this position. He demanded ships drawings, for him ship guns (so that he could consider the trajectory of the nucleus), Aivazovsky even participated in maneuvers in Finnish Bay! In short, I did not just served the number, but worked diligently and with the desire. Naturally, the canvas were also at the level. Soon the Pictures of Aivazovsky began to decorate the residence of the emperor, at home for nobility, government galleries and private collections.
The next year was very tense. In April 1845, Ivan Konstantinovich was included in the Russian delegation, which was sent to Constantinople. Having been in Turkey, Aivazovsky was fighting the beauties of Istanbul and the beautiful coast of Anatolia. After some time, he returned to Feodosia, where he bought a land plot and began to build his house-workshop, which designed personally. Many people do not understand the artist - the sovereign, a popular artist, why not live in the capital? Or abroad? Feodosia because wild wilderness! But Iivazovsky does not think so. He suits the exhibition of his paintings in a new-built house, which works in the bottom and Nostano. Many guests noted that despite the kind of household conditions, Ivan Konstantinovich was loyal and turned pale. But, in spite of everything, Aivazovsky finishes work and goes to Petersburg - he is still a serviceful person, it is impossible to treat this irresponsibly!
Love and War
In 1846, Aivazovsky arrived in the capital and stayed there for several years. The reason for this was the permanent exhibitions. With the frequency of half a year, they passed in St. Petersburg, then in Moscow in completely different places, then cash, then free. And at every exhibition was the presence of Aivazovsky. He received gratitude, visited the guest, took gifts and orders. Free time in this sustrone was rare. One of the most famous paintings was created - "Ninth Val".
But it is worth noting that Ivan traveled to Feodosia. The reason for this was archived - in 1848, Aivazovsky married. Suddenly? Until 31 years, the artist did not have a beloved - all his emotions and experiences remained on the canvases. And here such an unexpected step. However, Southern Blood is hot, and love, the thing is unpredictable. But even more surprisingly chosen by Aivazovsky - a simple maid of Julia Grace, Englishwoman, the daughter of Liebe Medica, who served the emperor Alexander.
Of course, this marriage did not pass the St. Petersburg unnoticed in the secular circles - many were surprised by the selection of the artist, many of him were frankly criticized. The charter, apparently, from close attention to his personal life, Aivazovsky with his wife and in 1852 leaves home in Crimea. An additional reason (or maybe the main one?) Was that first Daughter - Elenaalready at the age of three years, and second daughter - MariaRecently celebrated a year. In any case, Aivazovsky waited for Feodosia Feodosia.
At home, the artist is trying to organize art school, but receives a refusal of financing from the emperor. Instead, he, together with his wife, begins archaeological excavations. In 1852, the family is born third daughter - Alexander. Leaves Ivan Konstantinovich, of course, and work on the paintings. But in 1854, the landing land in the Crimea, Aivazovsky hops the family to Kharkov, and himself returns to the deposited Sevastopol to the long friend to Cornilov.
Kornilov orders the artist to leave the city, saving him from possible death. Aivazovsky obediences. Soon the war ends. For everyone, but not for Aivazovsky - he will still write brilliant paintings on the theme of the Crimean War.
Subsequent years are held in Skysotice. Aivazovsky regularly goes to the capital, engaged in the affairs of Feodosia, goes to Paris to a meeting with his brother, reveals the same school of art. In 1859 is born fourth daughter - Jeanne. But Aivazovsky is constantly busy. Despite the connectors, the creativity takes most of all. During this period, paintings are created on biblical topics, battle canvases that regularly appear at exhibitions - in Feodosia, Odessa, Taganrog, Moscow, St. Petersburg. In 1865, Aivazovsky receives the Order of St. Vladimir 3 degrees.
Admiral Aivazovsky
But Julia is dissatisfied. Why should her order? Ivan ignores her requests, she does not receive due attention and in 1866 refuses to return to Feodosia. The disintegration of the Aivazovsky family was experiencing hard, and to distract - everything goes to work. He writes paintings, traveling through the Caucasus, Armenia, pays all his free time to students of his artistic academy.
In 1869, he goes to the discovery, in the same year it arranges the next exhibition in St. Petersburg, and next one receives the title of a valid Stat adviser who corresponded to the rank of admiral. A unique case in Russian history! In 1872, he will have an exhibition in Florence to which he prepared for several years. But the effect exceeded all the expectations - he was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Fine Arts, and his self-portrait was decorated with the Gallery of Pitty Palace - Ivan Konstantinovich stood in one row with the best artists of Italy and the world.
A year later, setting the next exhibition in the capital, Aivazovsky leaves for Istanbul at the personal invitation of Sultan. This year was fruitful - 25 caved for Sultan was written! Sincerely admiring Turkish ruler, Peter Konstantinovich Ottore is the second degree. In 1875, Aivazovsky leaves Turkey and heads to St. Petersburg. But on the way, he visits Odessa - to see his wife and children. It was not necessary to wait for warmth from Julia to wait, he invites her with her daughter Jeanne next year to go to Italy. Wife accepts a proposal.
While traveling spouses attend Florence, Nice, Paris. Julia is nice to appear with her husband in secular receptions, Aivazovsky considers it secondary and devotes all his free time. Realizing that the former marital happiness is not to return, Aivazovsky asks the Church to break the marriage and in 1877 his request is satisfied.
Returning to Russia, he travels to Feodosiya along with his daughter Alexander, son-in-law Michael and the grandson of Nikolai. But Aivazovsky's children did not have to do in a new place - the next Russian-Turkish war began. Next year, the artist sends a daughter with her husband and her son to Feodosia, and himself goes abroad. For two years.
He will be in Germany and France, he will visit again, will prepare pictures for exhibitions in Paris and London. Constantly looking for promising artists from Russia, sending petitions to the Academy about their content. He painfully perceived the news of the death of Brother in 1879. In order not to Handing - the habit went to work.
Love in Feodosia and love for Feodosia
Returning to his homeland in 1880, Aivazovsky immediately rides the Feodosia and begins the construction of a special pavilion for the picture gallery. He spends a lot of time with the grandson of Misha, walking with him for a long time, gently puts an artistic taste. Every day, a few hours Aivazovsky dedicated to students of the Art Academy. It works inspired, with an extraordinary enthusiastic age. But it also requires a lot from students, strict with them and a few standing in Ivan Konstantinovich.
In 1882, an incomprehensible - 65-year-old artist married the second time! His choirs was 25-year-old Anna Nikitichna Bournazyan. Since Anna recently widowed (actually, it was at the funeral of her husband's husband, Aivazovsky drew attention to her), the artist had to wait a little before making a marriage proposal. January 30, 1882 of the Simferopol Sv. Assumption Church "Valid Stat Counselor I. K. Aivazovsky, divided by the decree of the Echmiadzin Sinoid dated May 30, 1877 N 1361 with the first wife from a legitimate marriage, he joined the right marriage with the wife of the Feodosiovsky merchant the widow of Anna MGRCHYAN Sarsisova, both Armenian-Gregorian confession. "
Soon, the spouses go to Greece, where Aivazovsky works again, including the portrait of his wife. In 1883, he constantly writes letters to the ministers, defending Feodosia and proving in every possible way that its location is best suited for the construction of the port, but a little later in the replacement of the urban priest. In 1887, the exhibition of paintings by the Russian artist takes place in Vienna, for which, right, he did not go, remaining in Feodosia. Instead, he gives all his free time with creativity, wife, disciples, builds the art gallery in Yalta. With Pompey, the 50th anniversary of Aivazovsky's artistic activity was celebrated. All the highest light of St. Petersburg came to welcome the professor of painting, which became one of the symbols of Russian art.
In 1888, Aivazovsky receives an invitation to visit Turkey, but does not go on political reasons. Nevertheless, several dozen of their paintings he sends to Istanbul, for which Sultan is in absentia by His Order of the first degree. A year later, the artist and his wife goes to a personal exhibition in Paris, where he was awarded the Order of the Foreign Legion. On the way back, the married couple still visits in so beloved Ivan Konstantinovich Istanbul.
In 1892, Aivazovsky marks 75. And he rides to America! The artist plans to refresh his impressions of the ocean, see the Niagar, visit New York, Chicago, Washington and present their paintings at the World Exhibition. And all this is the eighth ten! Well, sit yourself in the rank of Stat advisor in his native Feodosia surrounded by grandchildren and a young wife! No, Ivan Konstantinovich perfectly remembers, so that he rose so high. Diligence and fantastic dedication - without this, Aivazovsky will cease to be himself. However, he was not long in America for a long time and returned home in the same year. Returned to work. Such was Ivan Konstantinovich.
Aivazovsky said that the sea is his life. The artist believed that, having lived three hundred years, he would still see even after such a time in the sea something new. Not one Ayvazovsky gave life to the sea, but only he managed to give all his magical elements. Love for the sea and talent allowed to convey all the beauty of marine elements. For all his life, Aivazovsky, just imagine, painted the order of six thousand paintings, most of which portrayed the sea. This article will consider the most famous pictures of Aivazovsky, or rather ten of them, because all six thousand in one article is not possible.
Storm at sea at night
Opens the top 10 of the most famous paintings by Aivazovsky "Storm at sea at night". The picture became an example of emotional painting, which brightly transfers the nature of marine elements in detail, and shows its temperament. The picture can be called a living creature that heavily swollen on the endless maritime expanses. The palette "Storms on the sea at night" amazes, first of all, a combination of golden and dark shades. Night Moon covers the waves of the sea, as if, "trembling gold." The same ship is represented as if someone else's, among marine beauty.
Koktebel bay
"Sea. Koktebel "," Sea. Koktebel bay "or just "Koktebel bay" - One of the most beautiful paintings by Aivazovsky, with the creation of which were related to the best years of his childhood. In the picture, the author portrays his homeland - Feodosia. His childhood passed here. Art connoisseurs say that it is when writing this picture, Ivan Aivazovsky reached the most genuine mastery of Marinist. In the picture, the author successfully connected pink, orange and purple colors, which made it possible to betray the picture of the unique warmth, which goes from the Black Sea, which she emits to this day.
Rainbow
No less well-known picture of Aivazovsky is a canvas "Rainbow"which is currently kept in the Tretyakov Gallery. A storm is drawn in the picture and the attempt of people to escape from the relics of marine elements. Aivazovskaya transfers the viewer to the most epicenter of a powerful hurricane who does not want to stop. But still, a rainbow appears at the last moment - it is becoming the hope for sailors who are trying to survive desperately.
Sunset at the sea
One of the most famous paintings by Marinist Aivazovsky - "Sunset on the Sea"Now is stored in the city of Kostroma - in the Kostroma Art Museum. The artist's skill rated Tretyakov and Stasov. First of all, the living movement of nature attracted in the picture, which the author was able to show, depicting the expanses of the sky and the sea. Attention rushes into an infinite variability of marine stroy forms. Somewhere the picture shows a calm calm, and somewhere - a raging element. The steamer seems to be a stranger among the "wild" maritime nature.
Sea battle at head
Aivazovsky painted not only "peaceful marines", but also loved to portray the battle scenes of key marine battles. One of these works was the famous picture of Aivazovsky - "Sea battle with navarian". The powerful Russian fleet together with the allies in battle opposed the Turkish fleet, which eventually was broken down. The victory over the Turkish fleet accelerated the development of the national liberation war in Greece and struck Aivazovsky. Hearing feats, the author embodied the battle on the canvas. The picture transmits all the cruelty of the sea battle: Aborduzh, volleys of artillery ship guns, debris, sinking sailors and fire.
Sinking ship
Among the most famous pictures of Aivazovsky, "Sinking ship" - One of the most tragic works, because it shows the death of a sailing vessel, which cannot contain all the power of the marine element. The shipwreck is transmitted so detailed that it makes any viewer worrying for the crew of an unfortunate ship. A small ship is unable to resist such large and powerful waves. Aivazovsky, when writing special attention paid to the details. To see them, you should look at the picture of hours and only then you can feel the whole pain of the vessel and sailors fighting with death.
Neapolitan Bay
During the trip to Italy, Aivazovsky wrote one of his most famous paintings - "Neapolitan Bay". Europe was so amazed by the skill of the Russian author, which called him one of the best artists throughout Europe. King Ferdinand Karl and Pope Gregory XVI personally expressed a desire to see the picture of the Russian author. After what he saw, they were amazed by the skill of Aivazovsky, and Dad handed him a gold medal. While writing a picture, Aivazovsky finally decided as a marine artist who uses methods for creating picture paintings.
Brig "Mercury
One of the most famous and at the same time the most battle of Aivazovsky is a canvas "Brig" Mercury ", attacked by the two Turkish courts. The picture was written to the picture "Mercury" against two Turkish line ships, which occurred in 1829 off the coast of Bosphorus. Despite the advantage of the enemy in the guns - ten times, the Brig was released by the winner and inspired Aivazovsky to write a picture, which perpetuated the memory of Russian sailors. Now the picture is on the storage in the Feodosian art gallery of Aivazovsky.
View of Constantinople and the Bosphorus Bay
"View of Constantinople and the Bosphorus Bay."During his trip to the Ottoman Empire, Ivazovsky liked the great city and its ports, did not bypass the author and the Bosphorian Bay himself.
Returning home, Aivazovsky wrote a picture, which in 2012 was evaluated in more than three million pounds sterling or 155 million Russian rubles. In the picture, the port of Constantinople, the mosque, the Turkish ships, the sun, which is about to get ready to hide behind the horizon, but most of all attracts the blue water surface and allows the canvas with one of the most famous paintings by Aivazovsky.
Ninth V.
Without any doubt, the most famous picture of Aivazovsky was the canvas "Ninth Val". At the moment, the picture is on storage in the Russian Museum. Art lovers say that it is in this picture that the romantic nature of the Great Artist is most detailed. The author shows that they had to endure sailors, after the crash of their ship with the power of the marine element. The bright colors Aivazovsky depicted all the power and strength not only the marine elements, but also the power of people who managed to overcome it and survive.
Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky is one of the most famous marine artists in the world. His canvas are impregnated with love for life and reverence before nature. Landscapes of the painter are the power of the unbridled elements, dark thoughts about the present and subtle hints on the bright future. A bright example of psychological marina is the picture "Black Sea": Aivazovsky allows the viewer to penetrate the atmosphere of the impending storm and suggests seriously thinking about the meaning of life.
Creative way
I. Aivazovsky was born in the first quarter of the nineteenth century in Feodosia - the city on the Black Sea coast. Love for art has done his own business, and at the age of thirty years old becomes a professor at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.
Throughout the life of Ivan Aivazovsky wrote the work dedicated to the sea, among them the "ninth shaft", "Chesmen fight" and "Night. Blue Wave". An equally well-known picture of the Black Sea picture becomes: Aivazovsky depicted storm waves on it and barely prominent ship in the distance. There is a genuine masterpiece in the Tretyakov Gallery.
Description of the picture of the Aivazovsky "Black Sea"
The plot of the paintings is extremely simple. Sharing a canvas into two equal parts, the artist portrayed the gloomy sky and the storm sea. It is easier to understand the copyright idea if you know the first name of Marina: "A storm begins on the Black Sea." Now the details are visible in which the psychologist of the plot is being hidden: foaming waves in the foreground and a small, almost imperceptible ship on the horizon.
Describing the characteristic features of the creativity of Ivan Konstantinovich, many art historians use the term "wave of Aivazovsky", under which the virtuoso image of the foaming ridges understand. It is they who add a picture of realism, create an anxiety atmosphere, which always pursues people who collided with the unbridled elements. Dark, gaining waves in the foreground cause a feeling of anxiety: it seems that the whole world is stopped waiting for something inevitable. The dull ray of the light here makes its way through thick clouds, causing attention to the raging waters.
Heaven, like water, dynamically: the viewer literally can see how clouds are condensed. The light horizon hints that once the surface of the sea was starred by a friendly sun. The weather changes in front - this artist speaks about changing life.
For most cauldons of Aivazovsky there are vessels. They revive the plot, bring it close to the life of real people. This confirms the picture "Black Sea": Aivazovsky in one movement of the brush managed to show the viewer of the fate of several tens of people. A distant ship that can be seen on the horizon came out in the sea recently. The storm found the sailors by surprise, but turn back too late: they will have to fight the elements to keep their lives and their comrades.
Psychologist painting "Black Sea"
The true meaning of the landscape is difficult to understand without long reflection, but this does not apply to the work that Aivazovsky wrote, "Black Sea". Analysis of the picture does not require special skills: the master managed to convey the idea to everyone. The atmosphere of anxiety and anticipation of danger personifies human life. A distant ship is a symbol of the person himself: he went on the road, not guessing that he was waiting ahead. Difficulties without which no life story costs is waves. The situation that caused the storm, for each person will be its own.
The viewer does not know what the ship is waiting in the future. The artist is silent about it. However, a bright sky on the horizon instills hope for a happy outcome. "Life is difficult and dangerous, but everything will work out" - this is what the viewer is the picture "Black Sea". Aivazovsky wrote her aged 64, when he began to seriously think about the meaning of human existence.
Landscape as a sense of life
Despite the fact that the artist worked and urban landscapes, the main and most famous genre of painting in the work of Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky is Marina. Filled in reflections on the long human path, the paintings of the artistic word masters enjoy well-deserved popularity among art lovers from around the world. The true connoisseurs of the sea landscape will reproduce the reproduction of the picture of the Aivazovsky "Black Sea", because to reflect on life, enjoying the view of the strict waves, never get bored!
Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky, the real name of which sounds like "Ovanes Avazyan", was a collector and a patron, but in the first degree he is still an artist, and, most talented and outstanding in its genre.
In fact, as the artist's family, hesitated from the genocide, moved to Poland, the surname was uttered to the Polish manner of Gaivazyan, and Ivan later became Gaivazovsky. Later, he was called, what a variation and reached our days, Aivazovsky, but this man was remembered as an outstanding marine artist and a battalist. Many critics have a positively responded about his paintings, and today the top five masterpieces of Ivan Konstantinovich, composed of those artist's paintings who have gained world fame. So, the five most famous paintings by I. K. Ayvazovsky.
First place. The world famous "ninth shaft"
About this picture I made a legend. She is the best and truly stunning creation of Aivazovsky, in which he was able to transfer the entire beauty of the sea during the storm. The huge sizes of the paintings are forced to raise the eyebrows from a silent surprise, because such work, detailed and masterfully written in such a scale, not at all.
Ivan Konstantinovich wrote a web for all over eleven days, continuing the tradition of a fast letter and without changing her. The perfect construction, an outstanding plot and the very mood of the picture amazed even distant from the art of man in the streets. In the center of the picture and the composition of the composition - unfortunate, but still surviving sailors who climbed the mast, which is about to absorb the element, putting a cross on their fate. And somewhere on the horizon, the first rays of the rising sun are stuck with almost careless smears. The storm comes to an end. Cold hell retreats. Truly harmony after destruction.
Second place. Victory "Chesme Fight"
The history of Russia is gilded with the glory of many and many victories, but this is remembered by special merit. Chesme battle - episode of the Russian-Turkish war 1768-1774, thundered in the distant 1770th. It was after this battle, Count A. Orlov, one of the favorites of the government, who commanded the fleet, reported by Empress Ekaterina Great to capture control over Dardanelles.
The artist is a truly academic brush writes a bloody bureau of a bloody battle, deafening-ruthless. The enemy ships are softened, in some places they are still tremble to masts, the red glow dropping the reflections into the water; In the sky, the moon, faddy and lifeless glitters with a dragon eye. Black, as if sprinkled ashes. Color contrasts.
The canvas, oddly enough, is distinguished by its amazing calm: everything ended, sailors fold weapons and doctors wounded, celebrate victory. Life trembled, it is only to be returned to the usual cycle, although there are still four years of war ahead. Atmospheric and exclusive masterpiece.
Third place. Anxious "Rainbow"
No matter how cool, and favorite painter theme - Restless water. Storm covering scars marine smooth and ejected by the shore of maritime residents, thunder-roll, lightning glimpses in pitch darkness. Ocean romance, beautiful, but from this no less unpredictable, alien to those who do not like the sea. And the sea Aivazovsky loved like no other.
The picture shows his favorite state of the sea. The ship, dangerous to the left, is about to absorb the castle of the distraught bitter water, a couple of boats, like a tree, throws waves, forcing people sitting in them to lose the last hope for salvation. But the rainbow is overlooked in the sky. According to the Bible, the Rainbow God created in the oath no longer send a flood on his chad. Maybe this is a mysterious sign of sailors ..? Beautiful canvas with deep meaning.
Fourth place. Quiet Flooring Painting "Black Sea"
The Black Sea has always been known as a stronghold of calm. Seagulls, disseminating the dark water horizons (because of which the sea and got its name), warm, humid air, soaring the sun. The local seaside cities are known as a health resort, and there are also the defenders of their homeland, which this sea becomes a kind of Alma mater. And the attention of Ivan Konstantinovich also did not go around this picturesque corner of Russia.
The serene lifestyle is represented by the Black Sea on the painting of the artist. He brings to the perfection of the game of waves on a light breeze to perfection. Such a sea caresses the shore and pumps jellyfish, translucent in transparent water, seeking black and blue from afar. Such a sea manits to himself, promising hesitation in salty arms, but the impression is deceptive: clouds are going to, and soon it can come to this calmness.
A lonely ship on the blossie horizon floats, not leading about the impending danger. But does he avoid fission to become buried in this so far?
Fifth place. "Among the waves," impressive and amazing
This picture is placed at the end of the rating not at all because it is something worse than others: Aivazovsky does not have bad paintings. But it was precisely this chronological sequence that was later than all of the previous ones, and it is precisely it can be considered a certain, even a sign and symbolic, "creative testament" of the marinist, who found his unique style and invested his whole soul in creation.
This canvas can be called logical or, rather, the poetic continuation of the "Black Sea". Both continuing and completion. There, the storm only gives the first signs, hints at what it will soon break down, here it shows itself as an inexorable element, ready to shove the heavens themselves, dark green turquoise prescribed at the top of the painting.
A pale wave flashes can be seen, a dangerous, causing noise of water is almost heard. It's night, this is the epicenter of the spontaneous explosion. At that time, the eighty-a-year-old Konstantin Ivanovich was able to show how tragic and restless could be a storm. "In his bora, there is an ecstasy, there is an eternal beauty ..." - wrote Dostoevsky even much earlier than this picture appeared, the picture-climax of the genius creativity of Aivazovsky. Masterpiece.