Image of a skull on the Orthodox Cross. Calvary Cross: photo, value of inscriptions

Image of a skull on the Orthodox Cross. Calvary Cross: photo, value of inscriptions

The drawing of the skull and two bones under it is often in the image of the crucifixion of Christ and is found not only in iconography, but also in the native crosses. It sometimes causes bewilderment of converts, because it is associated with a modern man with a grave and death. However, in Christianity, this symbol has a slightly different meaning - it's not so gloomy.

Adamova Chapter - Salvation Symbol

It should be said that neither in the New Testaments There is not a single detail that would exist in itself and would not be associated with a variety of semantic and philosophical threads in other details and episodes of the Bible. These threads tightly link both of these books in one whole, giving the stories of humanity unity and volume.
It is known that when, after the fall, the first people were expelled from Paradise, they lived in the same terrain, where they lived, preached and suffered from the Savior. The history of early Christianity states that Christ executed on the elevation - Calvary, at the top of which he was resting the head and two bones of the ancestor of all the people of Adam.
His dead head was for all believers with a symbol of sin and fall, a symbol of death, which after expulsion from paradise died and dying all the descendants of the first people.
And only the sufferings of the Savior redeemed this sin, blending it from all over humanity. Water that flown from the pierced Roman spear of the breast of Christ sheds on the skull of the first term, washed away the fall and opening it - and all of us, - the doors of Paradise.
The skull with the bones in the feet of the crucifixion of Orthodox Christians reminds of falling a person, about his sinful essence and death, but they also say that the Savior destroyed the gate of hell and brought out sinners from there, giving them paradise. This is a really symbol of death, but also a symbol of life, hope for salvation.
Sometimes, next to the dead head of Adam depicts the letters of r and a, which directly mean - "Head of Adam".

How did Adam's head on Calvary got

But how did Adam's head fell into this place? And why only the head? Where is the rest of the body? And why then Jews honor a completely different burial place of the first people, which exists in Hebron?
Perhaps the rapprochement of Adam with Christ, as with his antipode (the first crowd of people in sin, and his second victim redeemed him), was artificially produced?
Then why exactly the head of the ancestor of all people was buried on Golgote, all the early Christian authors refer: pseudo-Athanasius, Holy Epiphany, Vasily Great, John Tultusny?
Moreover, the Savior himself in Scripture itself also called himself the "Son of Man" - "Ben Adam", which directly means - the son of Adam. The Apostle Paul wrote about the Savior as the "second Adam", which is the "spirit of the life-giving". Are they all wrong?
As it turned out, no. According to the traditions of Patriarch, who survived the Great Flood, retained for the descendants the remains of the first people who were really buried in Hebron after the water retreated.
However, Adam's head and his two bones of Noah handed the son to Son to have buried the bones in the center of the world. So Adamova head turned out to be buried at the place of the future of the great city of Jerusalem.

How to use this symbol in Russia

With the baptism of Russia, the symbol of Adamova chapter firmly entered the use of Russian Christians. It is known that Russian Saint Sergius, the Radonezh prevented the Kulikovsky battle for the Skima (Alexander), the head of the first person was depicted. Inok died in a duel with Tatarin, who was also killed, but the battle was won.
The main meaning, which is invested in Adamov, the head of Orthodoxy sounds like this: "Death I will definition!"
In the Russian army, the chapter was first used in the Patriotic War of 1812 in the horse shelf, which was called "Immortal" - Adamova Head was depicted in the form of a silver skull, which was attached to hats.
Before World War, Adamova, the head became the emblem of the Alexandry Gusarsky regiment, decorated the caps of the fourth Mariupol regiment and the seventeenth-don the Cossack regiment.
In the first world, this symbol used Russian aviators - the number of "dead chapters" depicted on the fuselage of the aircraft, they carried the opponent's knocked out of the opponent aircraft.
In the Civil War, Adam's head became a symbol of readiness to die for the right thing. A skull with bones and the inscription - "better death than the death of the Motherland, was blocked on the banner of the Tsarskoselsky battalion. The dead head was present at the flags and distinctive signs of the parts of General Markovna in Drozdovtsev, Cossacks Anenenenkova, the fighters of General Avalov, in parts of the Cossack Ataman Bulk-Balakhovich and in others.
Used the chapter of Adam and Bolsheviks - Employees of the HChK: They attached gold badges on the challenges of the Commissioner's leather jackets and painted them on slogans, accompanying the inscription: "Long live a red terror! The death of world bourgeoisie! "
In Soviet times, Adamova Head lost his washed, turning into danger. Now the Skull with Kosti gradually returns the initial Orthodox washed, but in the youth subculture, it still denotes the human sin and the human body mortality.

Skull and bones under the cross of a crucified Christ

Take a look at fig. 131. See under the cross on which Christ crucifies, skull and bones? This is a skull, or forehead, Adam - so it is called in the Christian tradition. Why are the skull and bones under the cross? After all, our ancestors did not do anything like that, they arranged signs everywhere, so that it was easier to pass the same way that Christ was held.

What is the difference in a living person from the expulsive, turning into the bone? Meat. With the help of meat (muscles), a person moves through life, he records everything that survived in life, all the events that have occurred with it. Rules, samples of behavior, blocks that are not issued by emotions, pain - all this is recorded in meat, including tissues of various organs. It is easy to see if you sit in meditation, calm down and allow yourself to enter the mind into any pain in the body.

And what is the difference between a living person's head from the skull? The same meat and content, that is, brains. All human life is one way or another is controlled by the brain, it is clearly felt. And under the Cross of Jesus, we see a naked skull and bones, without meat and content.

Fig. 131. Calvary and Skull Adam with bones under the cross

What does this mean? Adam is the first person, and he lived in paradise ... Consequently, the skull, that is, the forehead foreman, denotes the purity of the original nature of man, the purity of primitive being, - and this is the same ancient root dean, "Cleanliness and imperturbability of the internal original nature, inconsistency with external phenomena, that is, with phenomena and images," the lost was us and the newly acquired. Jesus, being on the cross, connects the male and female, vertical and horizontal - a cross, and the connection of male and female naturally gives birth fire - the menu. This fire burns all the earthly, everything that Jesus lived, and he passes into the primitive state of being - That is why under the Cross is the forehead and naked bones.

By the way, Baba Yaga is because it has a nickname "bone leg", which also personifies the pure consciousness, the purity of the first. She also connects the male and female, as its name shows.

As you know, in ancient Russian word bonfire Dimen the tower or fortress. Bonfire - Kostya, as eP This is Kommersant - a solid sign in Cyrillic. Bonfire - Kostya - bone.

Fortress - Kostoy - collects inside and around the house of people, and the bone collects meat around him. Since the top is equal to the bottom, names kostya and bone carry in itself the same essence: bone - root kos - Sust. So next to the cross can sometimes meet the word bonfire (See Fig. 85). It means that Jesus Christ and his teaching is at the same time both the fortress - a bonfire / bust, which collects around him and protects people, and the fire that gives warm and spiritual food.

That is, words kostya and bone They played important in antiquity, in my opinion, they carried the meaning of the foundations of the basics and relate close to Susse and the essence.

But we were a little distracted. The following knowledge of the frontal place we will get from the "Song about Oleg".

"Song of the mean Oleg"

"... and Living Oleg, the world has to all countries, princes in Kiev. And the fall of autumn, and I will remember Oleg Horses, I bet feeded and do not mercy on Ny, Be Bo bung off the Volokhvov and Kudeschnik: "What are there any diligence?" And there is a kudesnik one: "Prince! Horse, you love him and rides on it from being dying. " Oleg Acre in the mind, si spear: "Nikolizh everything on Hy, nor seeing him more than"; And prey feed and not to lead him to him, and premissaciously years not the form of it, the idea of \u200b\u200bthe Greeks. And I will send him to Kyov and stay 4 years old, at the fifth summer I am a horse, from the wrong of the Rivers of the Volusvi dying, and the vision of the elder with a string rush: "Come there is a horse Mol, Energie Bech put feed and obstacle?" He spective: "Died there is". Oleg dares and Ukori Kudesnik, the river: "That is the wrong to verify the Voljwi, but there is all a lunge: the horse died there, and I alive." And she knew the sidelines: "And then Vizhu bones of him." And put into place, the idea of \u200b\u200bBesha's dice of his goals: And the forehead goal and Spere from the horse, and laughing at River: "Did the forehead smit for me to take me?" And enter the forehead; And Intruting the serpent of the forehead, and put down in the leg, and from that breath and dying. And the people of the WSI crying the Major and Noskas and Pogrebosh His on Mount, hedgehog glare; There is also the grave of him until now, Olgova could catch. And to be all the years of the prince of it 33. "

I will not interpret the whole passage, we are only interested in the place about the bare forehead and about the snake, which was bitten by Oleg. What is the speech about? Look in Fig. 132. Now see?

Fig. 132. Pharaoh Ramses II. The ruler must have an empty mind, then the Great Snake will be able to connect with wisdom

The forehead goal, it means, but the emptiness belongs to Navi. The emptiness always belongs to Navi, while the people are gone - this is the world of revealed forms, the world of completeness. Great snake - the power of life - where inhabit? In Navi, that is, in the emptiness, in the emptiness of the mind, it is more correct to say.

And when a snake awakens and rises? When the top and bottom are connected, that is, when the previous, filled with images, the half-minded mind dies, becomes empty and gains wisdom. That is why Pharaohs, that is, the rulers connected the top and bottom are depicted with the snake in the forehead.

Oleg stepped on his forehead naked? So when he devastated his mind, the top and bottom had connected. When the top and bottom connected, the power of life in the form of a snake crawled and bitten it. Oleg died - his "I" died. He died from the horse, namely, on a horse - on the mortal Odra - our ancestors went down to the world of Other to Veles.

Under the horse, on which the death descends into the kingdom, the mind is also understood with his desires. It is he who gives us to hell, where "I" dies.

That is, the entire above excerpt describes how Oleg descended into the naval world to Veles for the power of life and wisdom and died there (his "I" died). After that, he became known as "prophet."

Further. The name of Oleg means on the Old Russian Will (we saw it, deciphering the story of the princess Olga). Consequently, when Oleg stepped on his forehead and stem bites him, he gained the will, notice, not freedom, and will. In this story, we are talking about how to get out to the will, and the sign, indicating readers and listeners to this fact, is the name of Oleg.

Fully the history of the thing Oleg, you will understand when we will discuss what gates to Paradise and who is such a ker keyboard. In the meantime, I will return to Christ and His Calvary, we are ready to express this myth.

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In the Christian religion, the image of the cross has a deep philosophical and moral meaning. He became a symbol of a great redemptive sacrifice brought by God to get rid of people from eternal death, which was a consequence of the original sin committed by our progenitors - Adam and Eve. Its images are very diverse, and each has a special semantic shade. One of them, namely the Calvary Cross, is the topic of this article.

Cross - picture of the great event

His outlines are familiar to everyone who somehow met with Orthodox symbolism, and you can see them on the pleasures of monks, objects as well as in attributes related to the consecration of housing and transport. The Calvary Cross is a stylized picture of the event that happened more than two thousand years ago in Palestine, which has fundamentally changed the whole course of world history.

His composition includes images of the cross - the instrument of torment of the Savior of our Jesus Christ, the mountains of Calvary, at the top of which this event occurred, the head of Adam, resting in its depths, traditionally portrayed at the foot of the cross. In addition, there are inscriptions that have both explanatory and purely sacred character.

Sonya in the Roman Sky

The center of the composition is the cross itself. It is known that his image as a magic symbol and even as the image of the Divinity, there were still representatives of the oldest, pre-Christian cultures. Only in the Roman Empire, he turned into an instrument of shameful and painful execution, which was mainly the slaves and particularly dangerous criminals. His characters appeared on the walls of the catacomb, where in the II and III centuries the first Christians made secret services. They were images of palm branches, the screens and abbreviations of the name of Christ.

In the usual, "unencrypted form", the cross first appeared in the IV century, when Christianity received the status of state religion in Rome. According to the sacred legend, Emperor Konstantin in the night vision appeared the Savior and commanded to decorate the image of the cross the banner under which his man was preparing to join the battle with the enemy. In the morning in the sky above Rome, a radiance appeared in the form of a cross, dreamed of his last doubts. Having performed the command of Jesus Christ, Konstantin soon defeated enemies.

Three memorable cross

The Roman historian Eusevia Pamfil describes this banner with the image of a cross in the form of a spear with a transverse crossbar and drawn from above the letter reduction is undoubtedly that the Calval Cross, the photo of which is presented in the article, has become the result of the subsequent modifications of the symbol that adorned the battle banner of the Roman emperor.

After the victory, overlooking Konstantin, as a sign of gratitude to the Savior, he ordered the establishment of three memorable cross and apply the inscription "Jesus Christ Winner" on them. In Greek it looks like this: ic.xp.nika. The same inscription, but in Slavic, contain all Orthodox Calval Crosses.

In 313, a great event was accomplished: on the basis of the Milan Edekta, adopted at the initiative of Emperor Konstantin, freedom of religion was established in the Roman Empire. Christianity after the three centuries of persecution received, finally, the official state status, and his symbolism was given a powerful impetus for further development.

The main elements of the cross

Despite the fact that the main thing has different drawings, the Orthodox Calval Crosses are made to portray three-stroke, that is eight-pointed. They are a combination of a vertical pillar and a large crossbar, located, as a rule, at the level of two thirds of their height. This is, in fact, there is an instrument of torment on which the Savior was crucified.

Above the big horizontal crossbar is depicted parallel to it, a small, symbolizing a plank, kilty to the cross in front of the execution. There were words on it written by Pontiya by Pilate: "Jesus Nazori, the king of the Jewish". The same words, but in Slavic inscription, contain all the Orthodox Calvic Crosses.

Symbolic measure of sinfulness

In the lower part of the vertical post, a small inclined crossbar is placed - the symbolic footage, reinforced after the Savior nailed to the Cross. Calvary Cross, as in general, all Orthodox crosses are depicted with a crossbar, in which the right edge is higher than the left.

This tradition dates back to the biblical text telling that two robber were crucified on both sides of the Savior, and the one thing that was repent, turned, found the life of the eternal, and the one that the left, the lord of the Lord and the entrance of himself for eternal death. Thus, inclined crossbar plays the role of symbolic measure of human sinfulness.

Symbol of the frontal place

The Calval Cross is always portrayed on a certain pedestal, personifying Mount Calp, whose name is translated from the Hebrew Language as Skull. This served as the basis for another name mentioned in the Slavic and Russian translation of the Gospel, the "frontal place". It is known that in ancient times it served as a place of executions of particularly dangerous criminals. There is evidence that consisting of a gray limestone Mountain really looked like a skull.

As a rule, Calvary is depicted in several versions. It can be a semisfer, as well as a pyramid with even or stepped edges. In the latter case, these steps are called "steps of spiritual ascent," and each of them has a specific name: Lower - Vera, Average - Love, Higher - Mercy. On both sides of the mountain, on which the Calval Cross depicted, two letters are placed - "GG", which means Mount Golgotha. Their styling is mandatory.

Cane, spear and skull

In addition to all of the above, the Calval Cross, whose value is primarily - in the personification of the sacrifice and the redemption of humanity through the sufferings of Christ, as a rule, is depicted with the attributes of the executioners mentioned in the Gospel. This is a cane, at the end of which - a sponge with vinegar, and a spear, piercing the body of the Savior. Usually they are marked with appropriate letters - "T" and "K".

An important place in the overall composition is also the skull depicted inside Calvary. This is the symbolic head of the progenitor of our Adam, as evidenced by the letter "G" and "A". It is believed that the sacrificial blood of Christ, penetrating the thickness of the mountain, washed it from the original sin. Regarding how Adam's head was in the depths of this mountain, there are several versions. One of them claims that the body of the progenitor was brought here by the angels, according to another, he burned down the descendant of Adam Sif, and in the most common version, the body brought the water of the World Flood.

Other inscriptions

According to the established tradition, there are other symbolic draws accompanying the Calval Cross. The meaning of the inscriptions (performed always in Slavyansky) is fully consistent with the evangelical story about the passions of the Lord. In the upper part of the cross, the "Son of God" is usually written. In some cases, it replaces the inscription "King of Glory". Over the big horizontal crossbar placed the inscription "IC XP" - "Jesus Christ", and below, as mentioned, "Nika" - "victory". The place of the accomplished event and its main outcome is denoted by the letters "ml" - "Lob's place", and "RB" - "paradise to be".

Particle of God's grace

A schematic representation of the Crucifixion of Christ - Calvary and Pressolny - firmly included in the number of the most revered Orthodox symbols. Nowadays, it is not only an attribute of monastery asksua, but also a shrine, carefully stored with pious laity.

Most Russians, sometimes even those who do not count themselves to believers, are still adhered to, nevertheless, old traditions are the symbols of Christianity, including the Calval Cross. Silver whether it went on its manufacture, gold, or it was made of other metals, consecrated in the Church of Christ, he always carries a particle of Divine Grace, so necessary in the life of each of us.

Archpriest Sergiy Rucholuk

Briefly about the important thing: why is the skull with bones placed under the crucifix? (video + text)

Brief replies of priests on urgent questions about the spiritual life, the life of the Church, as well as questions arising from a person when he first enters the temple - in the "Briefly important" heading. Why are the skull with bones under crucifixion? The abbot of the Nikolaev Cathedral of the Gorlovka Archpriest Sergiy Rich is responsible.

The Lord Our Jesus Christ is used in the place of execution, for the city. This place was called Calvary, or frontal. The Jewish word "Calvary" means - forehead, skull. According to legend, it was here that the remains of the first person were lying - Adam. The crucifixion of the Savior occurred above this place.

According to St. Vasily the Great, when our forefather Adam died, then people, not knowing what to do with the body of a deceased man, put it on a mountain under the scorching rays of the sun. It lay there, and the skin began to go from the forehead. The human face affected by such a kind of face, people began to call this place the place of open skull or head - Calvary.

After a few millennia, the son of God was crucified in this place, and the blood and water from the sparkled rib of the Savior, hitting the adam skull, washed the original sin of man. It was the skull of Adam that we see in the temples under the crucifixion. The burial place of Adam became the place of crucifixion of the second Adam, as Jesus Christ calls the Apostle Paul. It was at this place that Christ redeemed us from the original sin.

Adamov Head symbolically depicts fallen humanity, amazed spiritually and physically sin, and then death.

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