What was written by Arthur Conan Doyle. Arthur Conan Doyle

On May 22, 1859, Sir Arthur Igheyshus Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh (Scotland) - the famous English writer, the author of numerous adventure, detective, historical, publicistic, science fiction and humorous works, the creator of the genius detective of Sherlock Holmes.
about

I gave birth to you, I will kill you! " - Cossack Ataman Taras Bulba pronounces bitterly, before shooting Andria in his son in the same name Nikolai Gogol. I think, a similar thought has repeatedly arose in the head of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in relation to the Hero-created hero - the unsurpassed master of deduction to Mr. Sherlock Holmesu. The popularity of Holmes in the UK has reached such a scale that he departed other aspects of the writer's literary activity - first of all, historical novels, philosophical and journalistic works, which he attached great importance. In the end, Sherlock Holmes got her Creator that Conan Doyle decided - sent the detective to the next world. However, the readers were rebelled here, and had to urgently invent the plausible ways of the resurrection of a brilliant detective. However, adhering to the deductive method, let's go back to the beginning.
Arthur was the first son from the seven children survivors of the Doyle family. Mother - Mary Foyli - came from an ancient Irish family, Father - Architect and artist Charles Doyle - was the younger son of the first English cartoonist John Doyle. Unlike the brilliant brothers career (James was the main artist of the humorous journal "Panch", Henry - director of the National Art Gallery of Ireland), Charles Doyle threw a rather beggar existence, engaged in low-paid, routine paper work in Edinburgh. Joy from such a service was not enough, its bizarre fantastic watercolors were not sold, and the artist's melancholic from nature fell into depression, addicted to the guilt, was sent to the hospital for alcoholics, and then in the shelter for insane. Mother as he could fought with poverty, noticeing the lack of material benefits of the stories about the glorious past ancestors of their family tree. "Already the atmosphere itself breathed at home by the Knight's Spirit. Conan Doyle learned to understand the coat of arms much earlier than met Latin Hindering, "wrote later one of the writers. And he himself confessed: "True love for literature, a tendency to writing is from Mother ... Bright images of the stories that she told me in early childhood, completely replaced the memories of the memories of specific events in my life of those years."
Fortunately, there were rich relatives. It was for their money that Nine-year-old Arthur was sent to England, in a closed school, and then at the Inesuit College in Stonicorst. After 7 years of study in the atmosphere of harsh discipline, harsh bodily punishments and ascetic conditions, which searched sports and fascination with literature, it was time to choose a profession. Arthur decided to study medicine - the Mission of the doctor quite consistent with his ideas about the worthy execution of the debt and the Code of honor, inspired by the mother. With this code, he will be guided by the whole life than the respect of contemporaries will conquer.
In the University of Edinburgh, which Doyle elected, following the example of Brian Waller who had quartered in their house, he met future writers Robert Lewis Stevenson and James Barry. Among the professors of the Medical Faculty, Joseph Bell was especially highlighted. At Lecture Bella, students were piled by a crowd: a deductive method, with the help of which a professor on the smallest details determined the profession, the origin, features of the person and the patient's disease, seemed to them something from the discharge of magic. This very popular surgeon served for Conan Doyle Doyle Sherlock Holmes. A sharp mind, eccentric manners, even physical features of Bella - an eagle nose and closely planted eyes - the writer suffered into the appearance of his ingenious detective.
To pay expensive training, Arthur constantly had to be taken for boring part-time at the pharmacy. So when the ship's surgeon was turned up on the third year on the whale ship sent to Greenland, he did not think for a long time. Apply freshly acquired medical skills, however, did not have to do, Doyle was able to realize a long-standing romantic passion for travel, heroic adventure and deadly hazards - hunting whales on a par with team members. "I became an adult man on 80 degrees of northern latitude," he stated with a pride of his mother, giving 50 pounds earned by dangerous labor. Later impressions of the first Arctic journey became the topic of the story "The captain of the" Polar Star ". Two years later, Doyle again did a similar voyage - this time to the west coast of Africa on board the "Maumba" dry cargo.
After receiving a university diploma and a bachelor's degree in Medicine in 1881, Conan Doyle took up medical practice. The first joint experience with an unfair partner was unsuccessful, and Arthur decided to open his own practice in Portsmouth.

At first, things went worse now - to a young doctor, whom no one knew in the city, patients were in no hurry. Then Doyle decided to become "visible" - signed up in bowling and cricket clubs, helped organize a city football team, joined the literary and scientific Society of Portsmouth. Gradually, patients began to appear in his reception, and in his pocket - fees. In 1885, Arthur married - on the sister of one of his patients. He was very worried that Jack Hawkins, who deceased from cerebral meningitis could not help. Slender pale 27-year-old sister Jack Louise caused his knightly feelings, the desire to protect and take under her custody. In addition, a conservative provincial society has a married doctor who causes much more confidence. Medical practice and family life, Doyle successfully combined with writing. Actually, combat baptism on the literary field took place when he was still a student of the medical faculty. The first story is "The Mystery of the Salskaya Valley", created under the influence of his favorite writers of Edgar in and Brita Garta, published the University of Chamber's Journal, the second - "American History" - London Society magazine. Since then, Arthur with varying degrees of intensity continued writing experiences. One of the portsmouth magazines bought his two stories, and the prestigious "Cornhill Magazine" published an essay "Message of Hebeck Jeffson", paying the author of as many as 30 pounds.
Inspired by success, Doyle without tired rocked articles and pamphlets in the newspaper, sent their stories and novels by editors and publishers. One of them is "etude in the crimson tones" - and laid the beginning of the long-term epopea of \u200b\u200bSherlock Holmes. The idea to write a detective novel was Opener of Conan Doyle, when he once again reread Edgar in the writer, not only the word "detective" first in the story of the "Golden Beetle" (1843), but also made his hero of the deeper dupene the main character of stories. So Dupin, Doyle became Sherlock Holmes - "Detective with a scientific approach, which expects only for its own abilities and a deductive method, and not on the error of the criminal or case."
"Etude in the crimson tones" long walked on the editors until he fell to the eyes of one of the publishers. Roman printed, and soon after the publication in 1887, the new London magazine "Strend" ordered Doyle to 6 more stories about the detective. And here it began incredible: Sherlock Holmes invoking the public that she perceived him as a really living person, in flesh and blood, with admiration expecting new brilliant victories of his acute intelligence in the fight against the criminal world. The "Strond" circulation took off twice, and on the day of the release of the next issue of the magazine, the editorial was crowded a huge queue of thirsty to learn about the new investigations of an independent amateur detective. Doyle demanded more and more stories about Holmes, His glory grew, the financial situation was strengthened, and in 1891 he decided to leave medical practice, move to London and make writing the main profession.

Doyle Polon plans, with inspiration is taken for the historic novel. Now, glorifying His Sherlock Holmes becomes a burden that binds writing freedom. In addition, readers are very distressed - fall asleep with his letters addressed to the detective, send gifts - strings for violin, tubes, tobacco, even cocaine; Checks with large sums of fees, persuading to take up the disclosure of some business. To put this end, Conan Doyle writes the "last case of Holmes", where the detective who persistently was associated with the alter ego writer, dies in a fight with Professor Moriarty. But it was not there: the flow of letters poured into the editors, crowds were gathered around the office with the posters "Return Holmes!", The most radical readers tied black mourning ribbons to the hats, and the writer himself was called home with threats. Doyle requested obviously incredible fees, hoping that "Strend" will retreat, the publishers were ready to pay any money for new stories about Holmes and his faithful friend Dr. Watson.
A fastening heart, the writer agreed to resurrect his hero - in many ways because of his wife, for the treatment of which was the fabulous sums. Arthur could not forgive himself that, being a doctor, did not notice the symptoms of tuberculosis from Louise. Specialists gave her to live for three months - thanks to the superdowed treatment in Davos, Doyle managed to extend the life of the spouse for 13 years in Switzerland. In 1897, a 37-year-old writer met Gene Leki. Over the next 10 years, Arthur burst between a sense of debt to a deadly sick wife-disabled and love for young beauty. Torzable conscience remorse, suppressed his passion and only a year after the death of Louise married Gin.
Conan Doyle always rushed into the thick of the events, trying to achieve truth and defend her: he spoke with articles, discussed, fought for the liberation of innocent convicts, took part in the parliamentary elections, served as a surgeon during the Board War, constantly developed proposals and innovations to improve the state of the army During the First World War, he was a publicist, a human rights activist. The historical novels of Doyle, exploring a huge temporary range, had a resonance in society, and the scientific fiction stories "The Lost World" and the "poison belt" produced in those years. King Edward VII complained to the writer Knight's title and the title of Sir.
When in 1916 in the journal dedicated to the occult sciences, an article with public recognition of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in the acquisition of the "spiritual religion", it produced the effect of a broken bomb. Spiritualism and previously interested in a writer, and when it turned out that his second wife Jin had a gift of medium, faith writer found a new breath. Now the death on the front of his brother, son and two nephews, who became a huge shock in the life of Doyle, did not seem something irreversible - because with them it was possible to communicate, establish contact. The sense of duty, always moving with this strong man, has erected a new mission before him - to facilitate the suffering of people, convince them that there is a way of communication between the lives and those who have passed into the world of others.
Doyle knew that his writing fame would attract people, and, without sparing themselves, korozdil continents, reading lectures around the world. The faithful Holmes and this time came to the aid - the essay of new stories about him brought money that the writer immediately threw on financing its propaganda tours. Journalists were sophisticated in the rougops: "Conan Doyle came crazy! Sherlock Holmes lost his clear analytical mind and believed in ghosts. " But the Doyle was spoiled by the Messianic Introves, and Doyle was careful, and on the persuasion of friends to catch up, and on mockery of ill-wishers: the main thing is to convey to people the doctrine in which he is so Eastovo believed. This topic is devoted to the fundamental work of the "History of Spiritualism", the book "New Revelation" and "Country of Tumanov".
It is not surprising that the 71-year-old writer, convinced of the posthumous existence of a person, met: "I am going to the most exciting and glorious journey, which has not yet been in my complete adventure of life."
At the funeral in the Doyleov garden reigned the raised atmosphere: the widow of the Jean writer was in a bright dress, a special train brought telegrams and flowers that covered the carpet a huge field next to the house. One of the registered telegrams sent: "Conan Doyle died - Long live Sherlock Holmes!"

Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was born on May 22, 1859 in the capital of Scotland, Edinburgh on Picardi Place. His father Charles Altamont Doyle, an artist and architect, married aged twenty-two years on Mary Foli, a young woman of seventeen years old, in 1855. Mary Doyle had a passion for the books and was the main storyteller in the family, probably because, later, Arthur very touchingly recalled her. Unfortunately, Arthur's father was chronic alcoholic, and therefore the family sometimes disagreeed, although the head of the family was, according to his son, a very talented artist. As a child, Arthur read a lot, having completely versatile interests. His favorite author was Main Reed, and his beloved book is "scalp hunters."

After Arthur reached the nine years, the rich members of the Doyle family offered to pay for his training. For seven years, he had to go to the boarding school of Jesuit in England in Hydder - a preparatory school for Stunchersta (a large closed Catholic school in Lancashire). Two years later, Arthur moved from Hodder to Stonchnorst. There were seven subjects: ABC, score, basic rules, grammar, syntax, poetry, rhetoric. Nutrition there was quite scarce and did not have a wide variety, which, nevertheless, did not affect health. Body punishment were harsh. Arthur at that time was often subjected to them. The gun of punishment served a piece of rubber, the size and form of reminded the thick galosh, which was beaten through the hands of the hands.

It was during these difficult years, studying at the boarding school, Arthur realized that he had a talent for writing stories, so he was often surrounded by a meeting of admiring young students who listen to the amazing stories he composed to entertain them. In one of the Christmas holidays, in 1874, he for three weeks, at the invitation of his relatives, rides in London. There he visits: theater, zoo, circus, museum of wax figures Madame Tussao. It remains very pleased with this trip and the heat responds about his aunt Annette, her father's sister, as well as Uncle Dick, with whom, later, will be, gently say, not in friendship, due to the incompatibility of views on his, Arthur, place In medicine, in particular, whether he should become a Catholic doctor ... but this is a distant future, and the university has yet to be completed
At the last year of study, Arthur publishes a college magazine and writes poetry. In addition, he is engaged in sports, mainly a cricket in which it achieves good results. He goes to Germany in Feldkirch learning German, where he continues to engage in sports: football, football on stilts, sledding. In the summer of 1876, Doyle rides home, but on the road he clings to Paris, where he lives a few weeks from his uncle. Thus, in 1876, he was educated and was ready to meet with the world, and also wanted to fill out some of the shortcomings of his father, who by that time was crazy.

The traditions of the Doyle family dictated to follow the artistic career, but still Arthur decided to do medicine. This decision was made under the influence of Dr. Brian Charles, a powerful, young tenant, whom Arthur's mother took to somehow bring ends with the ends. This doctor was educated at the University of Edinburgh, and therefore Arthur decided to study there. In October 1876, Arthur becomes a student of the Medical University, faced with another problem - not to receive a scholarship deserved to him, which was so necessary for him and his family. Study, Arthur met with many future famous authors, such as, James Barry and Robert Louis Stevenson, who also visited the university. But one of his teachers was the greatest influence on him - Dr. Joseph Bell, who was a master of observation, logic, conclusions and error detection. In the future, he served as a prototype of Sherlock Holmes.

Study, Doyle tried to help his family, which consisted of seven children: Annette, Constance, Carolina, Ida, Innes and Arthur, who earned money in their free time, by accelerated examination of disciplines. He worked and the pharmacist, and the assistant of various doctors ... In particular, at the beginning of the summer of 1878, Arthur is hired by a student and pharmacist to the doctor from the poorest quarter of Sheffield. But after three weeks, Dr. Richadson, so his name, parted with him. Arthur does not leave attempts to earn up so far there is an opportunity, there are summer holidays, and after a while I get to Dr. Ellimate Choru from the village of Rayton from Shronshire. This attempt was more successful, this time he worked 4 months before October 1878, when it was necessary to start studying. This doctor reacted well to Arthur, and so the next summer he again spent from him, working as a assistant.

Doyle reads a lot and two years after the start of education decides to try himself in the literature. In the spring of 1879, he writes a small story of the Mystery of Sasassa Valley (The Mystery of Sasassa Valley), which is published in Chamber's Journal in September 1879. The story comes out strongly chopped, which grieves Arthur, but the 3 Gineas gained for him inspire him to write further. He sends a few more stories. But it is possible to publish the American? S Tale in London Society magazine. And yet he understands that he can also make money. His health is worsening, and it is placed in a psychiatric hospital. Thus, Doyle becomes the only breadwinner of his family.

In 1880, twenty years old, learning at the third year of the university, friend Arthur, Claude Augustus Kururie, offered him to accept the position of surgeon, which claimed himself, but could not accept her for personal reasons, "Nadezhda" under the command of John Gray which went in the area of \u200b\u200bthe northern polar circle. At first, "Nadezhda" stopped near the shores of Greenland Island, where the brigade went to the hunt for seals. The young student was shocked by the atrocity of this. But, at the same time, he enjoyed the spirit of the partnership, on board the vessel and the subsequent hunt for China fascinated him. This adventure found a place in his first story about the sea, frightening the story of the Captain of the Polar Star (The Captain of the 'Pole-Star'). Without big enthusiasm, Conan Doyle returned to classes in the fall of 1880, having fluted a total of 7 months, earning about 50 pounds.

In 1881, he graduated from the University of Edinburgh, where he received a bachelor's degree of medicine and a master's degree in surgery and began to look for a place to work, spending summer, working at Dr. Chora. The result of these searches was the position of the ship's doctor on the MAYUBA ship, which went between Liverpool and the Western Coast of Africa and on October 22, 1881 his next swimming began.

Floating, he found Africa as disgusting as the Arctic of seductive.

Therefore, he leaves the ship in mid-January 1882, and moves to England in Plymouth, where it works with some Kalling torrent (Arthur has met him at the last courses of study in Edinburgh), namely from the end of Spring to the beginning of the summer of 1882, during 6 weeks. (These first years of practice are well described in his book Letters Stark Montro (The Stark Munro Letters). In which, in addition to the description of life, the author's reflection on religion and forecasts for the future are presented in large quantities. One of these forecasts is to build a united Europe, and Also associations of English-speaking countries around the United States. The first forecast did not come true so long ago, but the second one is hardly happening. Also, this book is referred to a possible victory over diseases, by their prevention. Unfortunately, the only country in my opinion, which is She went to this, changed its internal device (meaning Russia).)
Over time, there are differences between the former classmates, after which Doyle leaves Portsmouth (July 1882), where he opens his first practice, setting up in a house for 40 pounds per annum, which began to generate income only by the end of the third year. Originally was not customers and therefore Doyle appears the opportunity to devote his free time literature. He writes stories: "Bones" (Bones. The A April Fool of Harvey? S Sluice), Blomensdyke (The Gully of BlueMansdyke), my friend - the murderer (My Friend The Murderer), which publishes in the magazine "London Society" Same 1882. Living in Portsmouth, he meets with Elma Welden, which promised to marry if it was earned by 2 pounds a week. But in 1882, after repeated quarrels, she fears with her, and she leaves Switzerland.

In order to somehow help your mother Arthur invites you to live your brother Innes, who asks the gray weekdays of a novice doctor from August 1882 to 1885 (Innes leaves learning to a closed school in Yorkshire). During these years, our hero is broken between literature and medicine.

In one of the March days of 1885, Dr. Pike, his friend and neighbor, invited Doyle to advise on the occasion of Jack Hawkins disease, the son of the widow Emily Hawkins from Gloucestershira. He had meningitis and he was hopeless. Arthur proposed to put him in his home for permanent care for him, but after a few days Jack dies. This death allowed to get acquainted with his sister Louise (or Tui) Hawkins of the 27 years, with which they wrapped in April, and on August 6, 1885 got married. His income at that time was approximately 300, and its 100 pounds per year.

After the marriage, Doyle is actively engaged in literature and wants to make it his profession. He is printed in the magazine "Cornhill". One after another will be published by his stories: "Jeffson Hebquook" (J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement), a space in John Huxford's Hiatus), "Tota Ring" (The Ring of Thothh). But stories by stories, and Doyle wants more, he wants to notice him, and for this it is necessary to write something more serious. And in 1884, he writes the book "The Firm of Girdlestone: A Romance of the Unromantic). But the book was not interested in publishers. In March 1886, Conan Doyle began writing a novel who led him to popularity. At first it was called A Tangled Skein.. In April, he finishes him and refers to Cornhill to James Peyne, who in May of the same year he is very warm about him, but refuses to publish it, since he, in his opinion, deserves a separate publication. So the authors of the author began to attach their brainchild. Doyle sends a manuscript to Bristol Errousmit, and while he is waiting for an answer to it, participates in political events, where for the first time it is successfully advocated before the multitude of audience. Political passions are fading, and in July a negative feedback comes to the novel. Arthur does not despair and sends the manuscript Fred Warnu and to 0. But their novel was not interested. Next, Lord Ward, Lockers and to 0. Those reluctance agree, but there are a number of conditions: the novel will come out no earlier than the next year, the fee for him will be 25 pounds, and the author will transfer all rights to the work by the publishing house. Doyle reluctantly agrees, since he wants his first novel to be given to the court of readers. And so, in two years later, this novel was published in Beeton's Christmas Annual (Biton's Christmas Weekly) for 1887, called Etude in the Bagger Tones (A Study In Scarlet), who introduced readers with Sherlock Holmes (prototypes: Professor Joseph Bell, Writer Oliver Holmes) and Dr. Watson (prototype Major Wood), who were soon famous. A separate publication Roman came out in early 1888 and was equipped with drawings of Father Doyle - Charles Doyle.

The beginning of 1887 marked the beginning of studying and researching such a concept as "life after death." Together with his other Bolon from Portsmouth, they conduct a spirit session on which the elderly medium, which Doyle saw for the first time in his life, being in a trance, recommended the young arthur not to read the book "Comediographers of restoration", over the purchase of which at that time he was thinking . What it was: an accident, or a deception, now it is difficult to say, but this event left a trace in the soul of this great man and eventually led to spiritualism, which, I must say, almost always accompanied by deception, in particular, the founder of this movement Margaret Fox In 1888 he admitted in deception. This happened not so often, but nevertheless there was a place.

As soon as Doyle sends an "etude in the crimson tones," he starts up for a new book, and at the end of February 1888 ends the adventures of Micah Clark (MICAH CLARKE), which comes only at the end of February 1889 in Longman publishing house. Arthur has always attracted historical novels. His favorite authors were: Meredith, Stevenson and, of course, Walter Cattle. It is under their influence that Doyle writes this and a number of other historical works. Working in 1889 on the wave of positive reviews about Mickey Clarke over the White Council (The White Company) Doyle suddenly receives an invitation for lunch from the American editor of Lippincotes Megazin to discuss writing another story about Sherlock Holmes. Arthur meets with him, and also meets Oscar Wilde. As a result, Doyle agrees to their proposal. And in 1890, the "Sign of Four" appears in American and English issues of this magazine.

Despite his literary success and prosperous medical practice, the harmonious life of the Konan Doyle family, expanded by the birth of his daughter Mary (was born in January 1889), was restless. 1890 was no less productive than the previous one, although it began with the death of his sister Annette. By the middle of this year, he finishes a "white detachment", which takes to the publication of James Paine from Cornellla and announces his best historic novel since "Ivango." By the end of the same year, under the influence of the German microbiologist Robert Koch and even more Malcolm Robert, he decides to leave the practice in Portsmouth, and travels together with his wife in Vienna, where he wants to specialize in ophthalmology to find a job in London. At the time of this trip, the daughter of Arthur Mary Guests at Grandma. However, encountered with a specialized German language and studied 4 months in Vienna, understands that time is wasted. During the period of study, he writes the book "Opening of Raflza Haw", according to Doyle, "... not too significant thing ...". In the spring of this year, Doyle visits Paris and hastily returns to London, where the practice opens on Upper Wimpole. The practice of success did not have (there were no patients), but for this time, short stories are written about Sherlock Holmes for the magazine "Strend". And with the help of Sidney Paget, a Holmes image is created.

In May 1891, Doyle sick influenza and there are several days at death. When he recovers, he decides to leave medical practice, and devote himself to literature. This is happening in August 1891. By the end of 1891, Doyle becomes a very popular person in connection with the advent of the sixth story about Sherlock Holmes: "The man with the twisted lip). But after writing these six stories, the editor "Strend" in October 1891 requested six more, agreeing on any conditions from the author. Doyle calls how it seemed to him, such a sum, 50 pounds, hearing about which, the deal was not to take place, since he no longer wanted to more engage in this character. But to his great surprise it turned out that the editors agree. And the stories were written. Doyle begins work on exiles (The Refugees. A TALE OF TWO Continents) (finished in early 1892) and unexpectedly receives an invitation to dinner from the magazine "Aideler" (Lazy), where he gets acquainted with Jerome K. Jerome, Robert Barrh, with whom Subsequently made friends. Doyle continues his friendship with Barry from March to April 1892, resting with him in Scotland. Having been on the way in Edinburgh, Kiririmiyir, Alford. Upon returning to Norwood, it starts work on the Great Shadow (era of Napoleon), which ends towards the middle of the same year.

In November of the same 1892, living in Norwood, Louise gave birth to the Son, whom they called Alleoun Kingnels. Doyle writes the story of 1815 veteran (A Straggler of '15). Under the influence of Robert Barra Doyle reworcts this story in the Waterloo single acting play, which is successfully placed in many theaters (the rights to this play bought Brem Stocker.). In 1892, the magazine "Strend" again proposed to write a series of stories about Sherlock Holmes. Doyle in the hope that the magazine refuses to exposes a condition - 1000 pounds and ... The magazine agrees. Doyle is already tired of his hero. After all, every time you need to invent a new plot. Therefore, when at the beginning of 1893, Doyle with his wife goes to his holiday in Switzerland and attended Reichnbakh Waterfall, he decides to commit to this annoying hero. ( In the period between 1889 and 1890. Doyle writes a play in three acts of "Angels of Darkness" (according to the story "Etude in the crimson tones"). The main acting person in it is Dr. Watson. Holmes in it is not even mentioned. The action takes place in the USA in San Francisco. We learn a lot of details about his life there, as well as that at the time of marriage to Mary Mostchen, he was already married! This work was not published during the life of the author. However, then it still happened, but the Russian language has not yet been translated!) As a result, twenty thousand subscribers refused to subscribe The Strand magazine. Now liberated from medical career and from a fictional hero ( The only parody of Holmes Charity Fair (The Field Bazaar) is written for the Journal of the Edinburgh Student University for collecting funds for the reconstruction of the crocket field.) who ugned him and overshadowed what he considered more importantly, Conan Doyle devotes more intensive activities. This mad life can explain why the former doctor did not pay attention to a serious deterioration in his wife's health. In May 1893, Operetta was put in the Savoy theater "Jane Annie, or a prize for good behavior" (Jane Annie: OR, The Good Conduct Prize (With J. M. Barrie)). But she suffered a failure. Doyle is very worried and begins to think about whether he is able to write for theater? In the summer of the same year, Arthur's sister Constantia marries Ernest William Horningoma. And in August, he, together with Tui goes to Switzerland to lecture on the topic "Belletritism as part of the literature". He liked this and he more than once before, and after that he was engaged in this. Therefore, when, on returning from Switzerland, he was offered a tour with lectures in England, he enthusiastically took up.

But unexpectedly, although everyone was waiting for this, the father of Arthur - Charles Doyle dies. And over time, he will finally find out that Louise Tuberculosis (Chakhotka) and again goes to Switzerland. (There He writes the letter of Stark Monroe (The Stark Munro Letters), who publishes Jerome K. Jerome in "Lazy".) Although Louise and gave only a few months, Doyle begins late care and he manages to delay her leaving life from more than 10 years, from 1893 to 1906. Together with his wife, they move in Davos, located in the Alps. In Davos, Doyle is actively engaged in sports, starts writing stories about Brigadier Gerard, based, mainly on the book "Memories of General Marbo".

Being on treatment in the Alps Tui becomes better (this happens in April 1894) and it decides to go for several days to England in their Norwegian house. And Doyle, at the suggestion of Major Pond, performs a tour of the United States with reading passages from his works. And at the end of September 1894, together with Brother Innes, who by that time ends with a closed school in Richmond, the Royal Military School in Woolje, becomes an officer, go on the Elba liner, Norddoylcher-Lloyd, from South Adjeton to America. They visited more than 30 cities of the United States. His lectures were successful, but Doyle himself was very tired of them, although he received great satisfaction from this journey. By the way, he first read the first story about the Brigadier Geraré, "Medal of Brigadier Gerard. In early 1895, he returns to Davos to his wife, which by that time feels good. At the same time, in the magazine The Strand begins the publication of the first stories from the feats of Brigadier Gerard and immediately the number of subscribers increases.

Due to the illness of his wife, Doyle is very much permanent positioning, as well as in that it cannot live for this reason in England. And so unexpectedly, he meets the grant Allen, who, pain like Tue, continued to live in England. Therefore, he decides to sell the house in Norwood and build a luxurious mansion in Hindhead in Surrey. In the fall of 1895, Arthur Conan Doyle, together with Louise and his sister, Lottie goes to Egypt and during the winter of 1896 is where he hopes that the warm climate will be useful for her. Before this trip, he finishes the book of Rodney Stone. In Egypt, he lives near Cairo, having entertained by golf, tennis, billiards, horse riding. But one day, during one of the horse walks, the horse drops it, and he also hits the hoof. In memory of this trip, he impose five seams over the right eye. There, along with his family, he takes part on a ship on a steamer to the head of the Nile.

In May 1896, he returns to England and discovers that his new home is still not built. Therefore, he removes another house in Greywood-Bix and all further construction goes under his emergency control. Doyle continues to work on Uncle Bernak (Uncle Bernac: A Memory Of The Empire), which was started in Egypt, but the book is hard to. At the end of 1896, he starts writing a tragedy with Korosko (The Tragedy of The Korosko), which is created on the basis of the impressions of the Egypt obtained in Egypt. And by the summer of 1897, it is in its own home in the county of Surrey, in Andersho (Undershaw), where Doyle had a private office, in which he can safely work, and it is in him that he comes to the thoughts to resurrect his sworn enemy Sherlock Holmes, for the amendment of his material position, which has increasingly worsened due to the high cost of building a house. At the end of 1897 he writes a play "Sherlock Holmes" And sends it to Birbom three. But he wished to significantly alter her for himself and eventually the author refers it to New York Charles Froman, but he in turn handed it to William Gilletu, who also wants to remake her to his taste. This time, the long-suffering author waved on her hand and gave his consent. As a result, Holmes married, and Doyle was expelled to approval a new manuscript. And in November 1899, Gillerian "Sherlock Holmes" was well adopted in Buffalo.

In the spring of 1898, he finishes three stories before the trip to Italy: a hunter for beetles, a person with a clock who disappeared an emergency train. In the last of them, Sherlock Holmes is invisible.

1897 was significant for the fact that the village of the Queen of England Victoria was celebrated (70 years). In honor of this event, the Allper Festival is satisfied. In connection with this event, about two thousand soldiers of all skin colors are tightened to London, from all over the empire, which June 25 passed the march under the educational of residents in London. And on June 26, Prince Welly took the Parade of the fleet in Spinhead: on the raid, four lines, military ships stretched for 30 miles. This event caused a burst of mad enthusiasm, but the approach of the war was already felt, although the victory of the army was not at all in the wonder. On the evening of June 25, the Waterloo Conan Doyle, adopted in the ecstasy of loyal feelings, took place at the Lyceum Theater.

It is believed that Conan Doyle was, he was a man with the highest moral implications, which did not change in the course of his own life Louise. However, this did not prevent him from falling, he fell in love with Gin Lekki immediately as soon as she saw her on March 15, 1897. At the age of twenty-four years, she was a strikingly beautiful woman, with blond hair and bright green eyes. Her many achievements were quite unusual: she was intellectual, a good athlete. They fell in love with each other. The only obstacle that Doyle restrained from love intrigue is a state of health of his spouses - Tui. Surprisingly, Gin turned out to be a smart woman and did not require what was contrary to his knightly education, but nevertheless, Doyle meets his choices of his chosen, and her, in turn, introduces his mother, who invites you to join Jean. It agrees and lives a few days with her brother from Mother Arthur. Between them there are a warm relationship - Jin was adopted by Mother Doyle, and he became his wife only after 10 years, only after the death of Tui. Arthur with Jean is often found. Having learned that his beloved was fond of hunting and sings Konan Doyle well also begins to get involved in hunting and learning to play banjo. From October to December 1898, Doyle writes a duet book with a random choir (a Duet, with An Occasional Chorus), which tells about the life of an ordinary marital couple. The entry into the light of this book was perceived ambiguously by the public, which was completely different from the famous writer, intrigue, adventure, and not descriptions of the life of Frank Cross and Mod Selby. But the author fell special attachment to this book describing just love.

When the Anglo-Board War began in December 1899, Conan Doyle announces his faded family that he is a volunteer. I wrote about a lot of battles, without the ability to check his skills as a soldier, he felt that it would be his last opportunity to believe them. It is not surprising that he was considered unsuitable for service in the army because of its somewhat excessive weight and a forty-year age. Therefore, he goes there as a military doctor. The sail to Africa takes place on February 28, 1900. On April 2, 1900, he arrives at the place and breaks the field hospital to 50 seats. But the wounded turns out many times more. Begins to drink water, leading to the epidemics of intestinal diseases, and therefore instead of fighting markers, Conan Doyle should have conducted a cruel battle against microbes. A day died to hundreds of patients. And it lasted for 4 weeks. Then the battles were followed, which allowed to take the top over the boots and on July 11, Doyle sailed back to England. For several months, he was in Africa, there he saw a greater number of soldiers of the died of fever, typhoid than from military wounds. The Great Boer War written by them (The Great Boer War) (the Great Boer War) (undergoes changes up to 1902) - this is five hundred pages of the chronicles, published in October 1900, was a masterpiece of military scholarship. It was not only a message about the war, but also a highly intelligent and well-informed comment relative to some of the organizational shortcomings of the British forces at the time. After that, he rushed with his head into politics, running into place in Central Edinburgh. But he was illegally accused of being a Catholic fanatics, remembering his boarding school Jesuit. Therefore, he was defeated, but he was happy more than, if he won.

In 1902, Doyle finishes work on another major work about the adventures of Sherlock Holmes - "The Baskervilles" dog. And almost immediately conversations appear that the author of this sensational novel stole him with the idea of \u200b\u200bhis friend Fletcher Robinson journalist. These conversations continue so far. (A little later, Doyle was accused of stealing the thoughts based on the "poisoned belt" from Zh.-senior (the tale "mysterious power", 1913).)

In 1902, King Edward VII assigns Knight's title Conan Doyle for the services rendered by the crown during the Anglo-Board War. Doyle continues on the stories about Sherlock Holmes and Brigadier Gerard, so writes Sir Nigel Loring (Sir Nigel), which, in his opinion, "... is a high literary achievement ..." Literature, care for Louise, courting for Jean Leki as cautiously as possible Golf, driving, flights to the sky in the air balloons and on early, archaic aircraft, spending time on the development of muscles did not bring Conan to Doyl satisfaction. He again goes to politics in 1906, but this time suffers defeat.

After Louise died on his hands on July 4, 1906, Conan Doyle was depressed for many months. He tries to help someone who stays in a worse position than he. By continuing the stories about Sherlock Holmes, he comes in contact with Scotland Yard to point to the mistakes of justice. This justifies the young man named George Edalji, who was convicted of having stabbed the many horses and cows. Conan Doyle proves that Ednji's vision was so bad that he could not physically make it a terrible act. The result was the liberation of the innocent, who managed to serve a part of the term appointed him.

After nine years of secret courtship, Conan Doyle and Jean Leki marry publicly in front of 250 guests, September 18, 1907. With his two daughters, they move into a new house called Windlesham, in Sussex. Doyle happily lives with a new wife and actively begins to work, which brings him a lot of money.

Immediately after the marriage, Doyle tries to help another convict - Oscar Slater, but tolerates defeat. And only after many years, in the fall of 1928 (he was released in 1927), he finishes this case with success, thanks to the help of the witness, which originally rolled the convicted person. But, unfortunately, with Oscar himself, he broke up in bad relations on financial soil. This was due to the fact that Doyle's financial costs had to be covered and he suggested that Slater would pay them from the compensation issued to him at 6,000 pounds during the years spent in prison, which he answered that let him pay the Ministry of Justice, since it was guilty.

A few years after the marriage, Doyle puts the following works on stage: "Pestruy Renta", "Rodney Stone" (Rodney Stone), who published "House of Terper", "Points of Fate", "Brigadier Gerar". After the success of The Speckled Band, Conan Doyle wants to get away from the work, but the birth of two his sons, Denis in 1909 and Adriana in 1910, protects him from it. The last child, their daughter Jean, was born in 1912. In 1910, Doyle publishes the Congo Crime Book (The Crime of the Congo), about the atrocities of workmen in the Congo Belgians. Written works about Professor Challenger (The Lost World (Lost World), The Poison Belt (poisoned belt)) had no longer success than Sherlock Holmes.

In May 1914, Sir Arthur, together with Lady Conan Doyle and children, go to conduct an inspection of the National Reserve in Jacier Park in the northern part of the Rocky Mountains (Canada). On the way, he visits New York, where he visits two prisons: Tommbs and Sing Sing, in which there is inspecting the chambers, an electric chair, talking with prisoners. The city was found by the author unfavorable, in comparison with his first visit twenty years earlier. Canada, where they spent some time, was found charming and Doyle regretted that soon there would be no priority grandeur. Being in Canada, Doyle holds a number of lectures.

They arrived home a month later, probably because for a long time, Conan Doyle was convinced of the upcoming war with Germany. Doyle reads the book of Bernardi "Germany and the next war" and understands about all the seriousness of the situation and writes the response article "England and the next war", which reached the "Fortonightli Review" in the summer of 1913. He sends numerous articles in the newspaper about the upcoming war and military readiness for it. But his warnings were assessed as fantasy. Understanding the fact that England provides himself only at 1/6, Doyle proposes to build a tunnel under La Mansha to provide himself with food in case of the blockade of England submarines of Germany. In addition, it proposes to supply all sailors on the fleet with rubber circles (for keeping the head over water), rubber vests. It was not listened to his proposal, but after another tragedy on the sea, the mass introduction of this idea began.

Before starting the war (August 4, 1914), Doyle joins the detachment of volunteers, who was completely civil and was created in case of the invasion of the enemy to the territory of England. During the war, Doyle also contributes to protecting the soldiers and offers something similar to armor, that is, shouts, as well as plates protecting the most important organs. During the war, Doyle lost many people close to him, including his brother Innes, who was delivered to his death to the Adjutant General of the Corps and the son of Kingsley from the first marriage, as well as two cousins \u200b\u200band two nephews.

On September 26, 1918, Doyle goes to the mainland to become a battle witness, which occurred on September 28 in the French front.

After such a surprisingly complete and structural life, it is difficult to understand why such a person retreated into the imaginary world of spiritualism. And yet it can be understood. The death of loved ones, the desire to at least "delay" their departure from everyday life for a long time - was it the main thing in the new faith of Doyle?

Conan Doyle was a man who was not satisfied with dreams and wishes; He needed to make them come true. He was manicalen and did it with the same stubborn energy he showed in all his affairs when he was younger. As a result, the press laughed at him, the clergy did not approve it. But nothing could hold it. The wife is engaged in this with him. After 1918, because of his deepening involvement in the occult, Conan Doyle wrote a small fiction. Their subsequent trips to America (April 1, 1922, March 1923), Australia (August 1920) and Africa, accompanied by three daughters, were also similar to mental crusades.

In 1920, the case was introduced by Arthur Conan Doyle with Robert Gudini, who, however, was eager to get acquainted, while in England on tour, sending a copy of the book "Reviews Robert Gudini", after which they had a correspondence, which led two weeks later To their meeting on April 14, 1920. They met Doyle in Windl Shex in Sussex. Gudini's convinced materialist was very difficult to hide his true views on the questions of spiritualism, but he pilot kept and precisely this circumstance, as well as what Doyle considered Houdini Medium, made it possible to arise between them friendship lasting several years. It is thanks to Doyle Hudini begins to more closely study the world of mediums and understands that in fact they are fraudsters.

In the spring of 1922, Doyle, together with his family, takes a trip to the United States to promote a "new teaching", where it is planned to hold four lectures in the New York "Carnegie Hall". The lecture comes a huge number of visitors due to the fact that Doyle raises his thoughts to the listeners with a simple, accessible language with a demonstration of various photos confirming the existence of the other world. Upon arrival Doyle in New York, Guediny invites him with his family to stop with him, but he refuses the hotel preferring. Nevertheless, he visits the Hudini House, and after it goes with his lectures on the Nazi of England and the Middle West. In addition to lectures, Doyle visits in the United States of various mediums, spirits of spiritists, as well as memorable places of this direction. In particular, in Washington, he meets with the family of Julius Zangzig (Julius Jorgenson, 1857 - 1929) and his second wife Adoi, who, as well as his first wife, read thoughts at a distance; Boston, where in 1861 someone Mamler received the first "extra" on the plasticine; Rochester in the state of New York, where Fox's sisters were located, from where he went to spirituality

In June of the same year, he returns to New York and attends, at the invitation of Gudini, an annual banquet of "American Focusing Society". On June 17-18, Hudini, together with his wife, Bess, visit the Doyleov Chetla in Atlantic City, where the first teaches to swim, dive children Conan Doyle, and on Sunday (June 18) is present on a spiritual session, organized by the Doyle family, where "Message" From his mother Cecilil Weiss. In fact, it led to the beginning of the Rip of Doyle and Hudini, what was happening in 2 days a conversation in New York. And within a few days (June 24), Doyle sailed to England. Well, then, on increasing! In October 1922, Hudini publishes in the New York San article "In Puudenice of Spirits Purely", in which in the Pooh and dust smashes the movement of the spirits, since he studied them quite well and therefore he knows what he writes. And in March 1923, both publish an impending article on each other, which leads to the final rupture of their relationship.

). In Russia, and previously translated the works of Doyle, but this time it turned out some not a dusting, apparently for ideological reasons.

In 1930, he made his last journey already chained to bed. Arthur rose from his bed, and went to the garden. When he was found, he was on earth, one of his hand, squeezed her, the other held a white snowdrop.

Arthur Conan Doyle died on Monday, July 7, 1930, surrounded by his family. His last words were addressed to his wife before death. He whispered: "You are wonderful." He is buried at the Minstead Hampshire Cemetery.

On the grave of the writer, the words visited them personally were carved:

"Do not remember me with the ukrorist,
If fascinated the story at least a little
And husband sawing lives
And the boy, before whom it is still the road ... "

Name: Arthur Conan Doyle (Arthur Conan Doyle)

Age: 71 year

Place of Birth: Edinburgh, Scotland

Place of death: Crowborough, Sussex, United Kingdom

Activity: english writer

Family status: was married

Arthur Conan Doyle - biography

Arthur Conan Doyle created Sherlock Holmes - the greatest of all detectives, ever existing in the literature. And then all his life unsuccessfully tried to get out of the shadow of his hero.

Who is Arthur Conan Doyle for us? The author of "Stories about Sherlock Holmes", of course. Who else. Contemporary and colleague Konan Doyle Gilbert Keith Chesterton demanded that Sherlock Holmes put a monument in London: "The hero of Mr. Conan Doyle is, perhaps, the first literary character since Dickens, who entered the folk life and language, becoming in the same row with John Bull " The monument to Sherlock Holmes was opened in London, and in Swiss Mainingen, not far from Reichnbakh Falls, and even in Moscow.

Arthur Conan Doyle himself was unlikely to take it with delight. The stories and the story about the detective writer did not consider neither the best, none of the main works in his literary biography. He was in many ways to glory to his hero because, from a human point of view, Holmes was little sympathetic. Conan Doyle above all appreciated the nobility in people. His mother brought him up, Ireland Mary Foil, who originated from a very ancient aristocratic race. True, by the XIX century, the foils were completely broken, so everything that Mary remained, to tell the Son about the Wild Glory and teach him to distinguish the coat of arms of families who had attracted to their family.

Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, born on May 22, 1859 in the family of the Doorstev Edinburgh, in the ancient capital of Scotland, had the right to be proud of an aristocratic origin and the Father's line, Charles Altamonta Doyle. True, Arthur was always treated soon with compassion than proudly. In the biography, he mentioned the cruelty of the fate, which placed this "man with a sensitive soul into the conditions, to whom his age, nor natura was ready to resist."

If we say without lyrics, then Charles Doyle was unsuccessful, although - perhaps - a talented artist. In any case, as an illustrator he was in demand, but not enough to feed the rapidly growing family and ensure its aristocratic wife and children a worthy standard of living. He suffered because of unsatisfied ambitions and drank, every year more and more. The older brothers who succeeded in business despised him. Grandfather Arthur, artist-schedule John Doyle, his son helped, but this aid was a little, and then Charles Doyle considered the degradation of the fact that he needs.

With age, Charles turned into an embittered, aggressive, which suffers from the attacks of uncontrollable human rage, and Mary Doyle at times was afraid of children so much that Arthur had handed over to education in a prosperous and rich house of her friend Mary Barton. She often visited the Son, and two Mary united forces in order to turn the boy in an exemplary gentleman. And both they encouraged Arthur in his passion for reading.

True, Main Rida's novels about the adventures of American immigrants and the Indians. Young Arthur Doyle clearly preferred to Knight's novels Walter Scott, but since he read quickly and a lot, just devoured books, then found time for all the authors of the adventure genre. "I don't know the joy so full and self-chased," he recalled, "as the one that the child is experiencing, uriving time from lessons and clogged into the corner with a book, knowing that no one disturb him in the next hour."

His first book in his biography of Arthur Conan Doyle wrote at the age of six and also illustrated. She was called "Traveler and Tiger". Alas, the book turned out short, because the tiger ate the traveler immediately after the meeting. And Arthur did not find a way to return the hero back to life. "Very easy to place people in difficult provisions, but it is much more difficult to release them from these provisions" - this rule he remembered for all his long creative life.

Alas, happy childhood lasted not long. At the age of eight years, Arthur returned to the family and sent to school. "We have led the Spartan Lifestyle at home," he later wrote, "and in the Edinburgh school, where our young existence poisoned the waving a teacher of the old hardening, was and worse. My comrades were rude boys, and I myself became the same. "

Most Mathematics launched Mathematics. And most often his stroke of Mathematics teachers, in all schools, where he studied. When the enemy of the great detective appeared in the stories about Sherlock Holmes - a criminal genius James Moriarty, "Arthur did the villain not by someone, namely, a professor of mathematics.

For the success of Arthur, rich relatives from the father's side followed. Seeing that the Edinburgh school does not bring a good boy, they sent him to study in Stoniherst, expensive and prestigious institution under the auspices of the Orden of Jesuit. Alas, and in this school children were also subjected to corporal punishments. But learning there really was at a good level, besides, Arthur could pay a lot of time literature. The first fans of his work appeared. Odnoklassniki, who were looking forward to the new heads of his adventure novels, often solved for the young writer in mathematics.

Arthur Conan Doyle dreamed of becoming a writer. But I did not believe that writing could be a profitable profession. Therefore, I had to choose from what was offered to him: the rich relatives of the father wanted him to study at a lawyer, mother - so that he became a doctor. Arthur preferred the choice of mother. He loved her very much. And regretted. After his father finally lost the reason and found himself in a hospital for mentally ill, Mary Doyle had to take rooms for gentlemen and take the tunnels - just as she could feed the children.

In October 1876, Arthur Doyle was enrolled at the first course of the Medical Faculty of the University of Edinburgh. During his studies, Arthur met and even made friends with many enthusiastic writing with young people. But the closest friend who had had a huge influence on Arthur, was one of the teachers -Over Joseph Bell. It was a brilliant person, a fantastically observant, signed using logic to easily calculate both a lie and a mistake.

The deductive method of Sherlock Holmes is in fact the Bell method. Arthur adored the Doctor and held his portrait on the fireplace shelf all his life. Many years after graduating from the university, in May 1892, already being famous writer, Arthur Conan Doyle wrote to a friend: "My dear Bell, it is for you to my Sherlock Holmes, and although I have the opportunity to present it in all sorts of dramatic circumstances, I I doubt that his analytical abilities exceed your skills that I had the opportunity to observe. Based on your deduction, observation and logical conclusions, I tried to create a character who would bring them to the maximum, and I am very glad that you were satisfied with the result, because you have the right to be the most stringent of critics. "

Unfortunately, during training at the University, Arthur did not have opportunities for writing. He was constantly working to work out to help mother and sisters, then a pharmacist, the doctor's assistant. The need usually boots people, but in the case of Arthur Doyle, Knight's nature always won.

Natives remembered how one day a neighbor came, Herr Gleivitz, a scientist with European fame, forced to leave Germany for political reasons and is now desperately distinguished. On that day, his wife got sick, and he in despair asked familiar to give him money in debt. Arthur also had no cash, but he immediately took the clock from his pocket and offered to lay them out. He simply could not leave a man in trouble. For him, it was the only one possible in that situation.

The first publication, which has brought him a fee - whole three Gineas, took place in 1879, when he sold the story "The Mystery of the Salskaya Valley" in Chamber "s journal. Although the beginning of the author was upset that the story came out strongly abbreviated, he wrote a few more and sent it to Different magazines. Actually, the creative biography of Arthur Conan Doyle's creative biography began, although at that time he saw his future connected exclusively with medicine.

In the spring of 1880, Arthur received permission from the University to pass the practice on the whaling ship "Nadezhda", which went to the shores of Greenland. We paid not much, but there was no other opportunity to get a specialty in the future: to get a doctor's place in the hospital, I needed a protection to open a private practice - money. After graduating from the University, Arthur was offered the position of the ship's doctor on a steamer "Mayumba", and he gladly agreed.

But how fastened his Arctic, Africa appeared as disgusting. What he just did not have to survive during swimming! "I have everything safely, but I got sick by the African fever, I almost did not swallow the shark, and to top it all on Mayumbe there was a fire on the way between the island of Madeira and England," he wrote his mother from the next port.

Returning home, Doyle with the permission of the family spent his entire ship's salary to open a medical office. It cost 40 pounds per annum. Patients reluctantly went to a little-known doctor. Arthur Imnevenly devoted a lot of time literature. Ooh's stories wrote one after the other, and it would seem, then it was necessary to come to his senses and forget about medicine ... But the mother dreamed of seeing his doctor. And patients with time fell in love with delicate and attentive Dr. Doyle.

In the early spring of 1885, Friend and Neuro Arthur, Dr. Pike, invited Dr. Doyle to give advice on the disease of the fifteen-year-old Jack Hawkins: a teenager suffered meningitis and now, for several times a day, his terrifying seizures happened. Jack lived together with the mother's widow and a 27-year-old sister on a removable apartment, the owner of which demanded immediately to free the accommodation, because Jack was disturbed by the neighbors. The situation was aggravated by the fact that the patient was hopeless: it was unlikely that he would have stretched out even a few weeks ... Dr. Pike simply did not resolve himself to say about it killed grief to women and wanted to shift the severity of the last explanation on a young colleague.

But he was simply shocked by the incredible decision that Arthur accepted. Having become acquainted with the mother's mother and with his sister, gentle and vulnerable Louise, Arthur Conan Doyle imbued with such compassion to their grief, which offered to transport Jack to his apartment so that the boy was under constant medical supervision. Arthur was worth a few sleepless nights, after which during the day I had to work. And that is very bad - when Jack died, everyone saw how the coffin was carried out from Doyle's house.

The bad rumors crawled about the young doctor, but Doyle, it seems, did not notice anything: the hot gratitude of the sister of the boy turned into an ardent love. Arthur had a few unsuccessful short novels, but not a single girl did not seem so close to the ideal of the beautiful lady from the knightly novel, like this thrift lady, who decided to engage with him already in April 1885, without waiting for the end of the long-term .

Let Tui, as Arthur called the wife, and was not a bright person, but to secure her home comfort and completely deliver him from everyday problems she managed. Doyle suddenly freed a huge amount of time he spent on writing. The more he wrote - the better it turned out. In 1887, his first story was released about Sherlock Holmes - "Etude in the crimson tones", immediately brought a real success. Then Arthur was happy ...

He explained his success by the fact that, thanks to a profitable agreement with the magazine, Doyle finally ceased to need money and only those stories that were interested in him could write. But to compose only about Sherlock Holmes he was not going at all. He wanted to write serious historical novels, and he created them - one by one, but they never had such reader success, as the stories about the brilliant detective ... Readers demanded Holmes and only Holmes.

The story of "Scandal in Bohemia", in which Doyle at the request of readers told about Love Holmes, turned out to be the last straw - the story turned out to be exhausted. Bella Arthur wrote to his teacher: "Holmes is cold, as an analytical machine of Babjj, and has the same chances to find love." Arthur Conan Doyle conceived beat his hero, while the hero did not destroy him. For the first time, he mentioned this in a letter to the mother: "I am thinking about, in the end, to finish off Holmes and get rid of him, because he distracts me from more worthwhile." Mother answered this: "You can't! You do not dare! In no case!"

And yet Arthur did it by writing a story "The Last Case of Holmes". After Sherlock Holmes, clutching with the final fight with Professor Moriarty, fell to Reichnbakh Waterfall, all England plunged into sorrow. "You are a rascal!" - So many letters to Doyle began. Nevertheless, Arthur felt relief - he stopped being called his readers, the "literary agent of Sherlock Holmes".

Soon the Tui gave him the daughter of Mary, then - the son of Kingsley. Births were given to her hard, but as a true Victorian lady, she hid his flour from her husband as he could. He, who was passionate about his creativity and communication with the writers, did not immediately notice that something was wrong with his tender wife. And when I noticed, I almost burned out of shame: he, the doctor, did not see the obvious - the progressive tuberculosis of the lungs and bones of his own wife. Arthur threw everything to help the Tui. He took her for two years in the Alps, where the Tui fastened so much that he had hope for her recovery. Spouses returned to England, where Arthur Conan Doyle ... fell in love with young gin lecture.

It would seem that his soul was already twisted in a snowy veil of the age, but from under the snow, Primezvevevet made his way - this poetic image, together with Snowdrome, Arthur presented to the adorable young Jean Leki a year after their first meeting, on March 15, 1898.

Gin was very beautiful: the contemporaries argued that no photo did not transfer the charms of her subtle-painted face, large green eyes, at the same time insightful and sad ... she had luxurious wavy dark blond hair and swan neck, smoothly turning into the showing shoulders: Conan Doyle was crazy from the beauty of her neck, but for many years she did not dare to kiss her.

In Gene Arthur found the qualities that he lacked in Tui: a sharp mind, love for reading, education, the ability to support the conversation. Jin was passionate in kind, but rather closed. Most of all, she was afraid of woven ... And for her, as well as for the Tui, Arthur Conan Doyle preferred not to talk about his new love even with the smallest, vaguely explaining: "There are feelings too personal, too deep, so that they can be expressed in words "

In December 1899, when the Anglo-Board War began, Arthur Conan Doyle suddenly decided to go to the front volunteer. Biographers believe that in this way he tried to make himself forget gin. The Medical Commission rejected his candidacy - because of age and health, but no one could hinder him to go to the front as a military doctor. However, forget about Gene Leki did not work. Pierre Norton, French Researcher and Creativity Arthur Conan Doyle, wrote about his relationship with Gin:

"For almost ten years she was his mystical wife, and he is her faithful knight and her hero. Over the years, an emotional stress arose between them, painful, but at the same time, Arthur Conan Doyle became the test of the Knight's Spirit. As no other of his contemporaries, he was suitable for this role and, perhaps, even wanted her ... Physical connection with Gin would have become not only the betrayal of his wife, but also by irreparable humiliation. He would be in his own eyes, and his life would turn into a dirty smell. "

Arthur immediately said Jean that the divorce in his circumstances was impossible, because the reason for the divorce could be treated wife, but certainly not cooling of feelings. Although perhaps secretly thought about it. He wrote: "The family is not the basis of public life. The basis of public life is the family is happy. But with our outdated rules of divorce just happy families and does not happen. " Subsequently, Conan Doyle became an active participant in the Union on the reform of the marriage of marriage. True, he defended his interests not by her husbands, and wives, insisting that, with a divorce, women received equal rights with men.

Nevertheless, Arthur has resigned with fate and kept married to the end of the life of the Tui. He struggled with his passion for Gin and with the desire to change Tui and was proud of every another victory: "I struggle with the forces of darkness and defeat."

However, he presented Jean his mother, who still trust in everything, and Mrs. Doyle not only approved his girlfriend, but even offered to make them a company during their joint trips to the countryside: in the company Elderly Matrona Lady and Gentleman could spend time Without breaking the rules of decency. Jin was so loved by Mrs. Doyle, who herself had grown burning with a sick spouse that Mary was led by Miss Leki family jewelery -brochal, who belonged to her beloved sister, soon a sister Arthur, Lotti made friends. Even the mother-in-law Conan Doyle was familiar with Jean and did not oppose her relationship with Artur, the epig was still grateful to him for the kindness manifested to the dying Jack, and understood that any other man in his place would lead themselves at all so noble, and I would not definitely shoot the feelings of the sick wife.

In the introduction remained only the Tui. "She is still the same way to me, but now some of my life, before free, turned out to be busy, wrote Arthur Mother. - I do not feel anything to Tui, except for respect and pleasant. For all of our family life, we never quarreled, and in now, I also do not intend to hurt her. "

Unlike Tui Gin, Arthur's creativity was interested, the plots discussed with him and even wrote several paragraphs in his story. In the letter of Mother Conan Doyle confessed that Gin suggested to him the plot of the "empty house". This story entered the collection, in which Doyle "reanimated" Holmes after his "death" in Reichnbakh Waterfall.

Arthur Conan Doyle held long: almost eight years later readers waited for a new meeting with a loved hero. The return of Holmes produced the effect of a broken bomb. Throughout England, they only said that about the great detective. Rumor rumors about a possible prototype Holmes. One of the first about the prototype was guessed by Robert Lewis Stevenson. "Isn't this old friend Joe Bell?" - He was written in a letter to Arthur. Soon journalists reached out in Edinburgh. Conan Doyle Just in case, Belala warned Bela, that now it will "be brought off his insane letters fans who will need his help in the salvation of unmarried aunts from the encircling attics, where they were locked by the neighbor's villains."

Behind the first interviews, Bell was treated with a calm humor, although later journalists began to annoy him. After the death of Bella, his friend Jesse Saxby was indignant: "This deft, an insensible hunter for people, who, with the stubbornness of the hound, deals with criminals, was not much like a good doctor, always regretted sinners and help them." The same opinion was adhered to the daughter of Bella, stating: "My father was not at all looked like Sherlock Holmes. The detective was worn and harsh, and my father is kind and gentle. "

Indeed, His habits and behavior of Bell did not like Sherlock Holmes, he kept his belongings and did not accept drugs ... But externally high, with the eagle nose and elegant features of the face Bell looked like a great detective. In addition, Arthur Conan Doyle fans simply wanted Sherlock Holmes to exist. "Many readers consider Sherlock Holmes a real face, judging by the letters addressed to him who come to me with a request to transfer them to Holmes.

Watson also receives a lot of letters in which readers ask him about the address or autograph of his brilliant friend, "Arthur Joseph Bell wrote with Goseph Gorony. -When Holmes moved away from affairs, several elderly specials aroused to help him in the housework, and one even assured me that he was perfectly understood in beekeeping and could "separate the uterus from Roy." Many also offer Holmes to investigate any family mystery. Even I myself received an invitation to Poland, where such a fee will be appointed, what I only wish. After thinking, I wished to stay at home. "

However, several Affairs Arthur Conan Doyle still revealed. The most famous of them was the case of Indian George Edalji, who lived with his family in the village of Great Wirlley. Rustic residents did not like the overseas guest, and the poor fellow took anonymous letters with threats. And when a series of mysterious crimes occurred in the district - someone caused deep cuts to cows, - the suspicion firstly fell like a stranger. Edalji was accused not only in mockery of animals, but also that he allegedly wrote his letters. The sentence is seven years of religious work. But the convict did not fell in the spirit and achieved a revision of the case, so that freedom came out after three years.

To defend his reputation, Edalji appealed to Artur Conan Doyle. Still, after all, his Sherlock Holmes solved the case more complicated. Conan Doyle with enthusiasm took the investigation. By paying attention to how close Edalji brings the newspaper to the eyes when reading, Conan Doyle came to the conclusion that he was visually impaired. And how, in this case, he could run around the fields at night and cut the cows with a knife, especially since the fields guarded the guard? Brown spots on his razor were not blood, but rust. An expert graphologist, hired by Conan Doyle, proved that anonymists for Edalji were written by another handwriting. Conan Doyle described his discoveries in a series of newspaper articles, and soon all suspicions were removed from Edalji.

However, participation in investigations, and attempts to run in the local elections in Edinburgh, and the passion for bodybuilding, which ended with a heart attack, and car racing, flights in balloons and even on the first aircraft - all this was just a way to get away from reality: Slow dying Wife, a secret romance with Jean - all this is him. And then Arthur Conan Doyle discovered spiritualism for himself.

Supernatural Arthur was fond of his youth: he consisted in the British Psychological Research Society, studied paranormal phenomena. Nevertheless, to communicate with spirits, he treated skeptical: "I will be glad to get an enlightenment from any source, I have a little hope for perfume, which is said through mediums. In my memory, they only carried nonsense. " However, the familiar Spirit Alfred Draison explained that in a different world, as in the human world, there would be a lot of fools - they must go somewhere after death.

Surprisingly, the passion for spiritualism returned Doyle to the church, in which he was disappointed in the years of study in the institution of Jesuit. Conan Doyle recalled: "I have no respect for the Old Testament, as well as the confidence that the churches are so necessary ... I wish to die, as I lived, without the intervention of clergy and in the state of the rest, which stems from fair actions In accordance with the life principles. "

The stronger Konan Doyla shook the meeting with the spirit of a young girl who died in Melbourne. The Spirit told him that inhabits in the world, consistent with the light and laughter, where there are no rich or poor people. The inhabitants of this world are not experiencing physical pain, although they may experience anxiety and longing. However, the sadness they will be distilled off by spiritual and intellectual classes - for example, music. The picture fell comforting.

Gradually, Spiritism became the center of the Writer's Universe: "I realized that knowledge given to me is intended not only for my consolation, but that God gave me the opportunity to tell the world what he needs to hear."

Once by approving in your views, Arthur Conan Doyle with his stubbornishness peculiar to him adhered to them until the very end: "Suddenly I saw that the topic with which I flushed so long - it's not just a study of some kind of force under the science, But something great and capable of destroying the walls between worlds, an undisputed message from outside, giving hope and travel light to humanity. "

On July 4, 1906, Arthur Conan Doyle Ovdodel. Tui died in his arms. A few months after her death, he was in a state of extreme depression: he was tormented by shame for the fact that in recent years he would seek to get rid of his wife. But the first meeting with Jin Leki returned him hope for happiness. Having won the period of mourning, they married on September 18, 1907.

Jin and Arthur really lived very happy. This was told everyone who was familiar with them. Jin gave birth to two sons - Denis and Adriana, and a daughter called in her honor - Jin Junior. Arthur seemed to have acquired a second breath in the literature. Guin-younger told: "For lunch, the father often proclaimed that in the morning the idea came to him and all this time he worked on her. Then he read us a draft and asked us to criticize the story. The brothers and I rarely acted as critics, but my mother often gave him advice, and he always followed them. "

Love Gin helped Arthur to postpone the losses that the family suffered to the First World War: The son of Doyle Kingsley died on the front, his younger brother, two cousins \u200b\u200band two nephews. He continued to draw in Spiritis - called the ghost of his son. He did never cause the spirit of the late wife ...

In 1930, Arthur was seriously ill. But March 15 - he never forgot about this day when he first met Gene - Doyle got out of bed and entered the garden to bring for his beloved snowdrop. There, in the garden, Doyle and discovered: immobilized stroke, but compressing in his hands the beloved flower of Jean. Arthur Conan Doyle died on July 7, 1930, surrounded by his family. The last words that he said were facing his wife: "You are the best ..."

Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was born on May 22, 1859 in the capital of Scotland, Edinburgh at Picardi Place in the artist's family and architect. His father Charles Altamont Doyle married aged twenty-two years on Mary Foli, a young woman of seventeen years in 1855. Mary Doyle had a passion for the books and was the main storyteller in the family and later Arthur had a very touchingly recalled her. Unfortunately, Arthur's father was a chronic alcoholic and therefore the family sometimes disadvantaged, although he was in the words of his son a very talented artist. As a child, Arthur read a lot, having completely versatile interests. His favorite author was Main Reed, and his beloved book is "scalp hunters."

After Arthur reached it nine years, the rich members of the Doyle family offered to pay for his training. In for seven years, he had to go to the boarding school of Jesuit in England in Hydder - a preparatory school for Stonplerst (a large closed Catholic school in Lancashire). Two years later, from Arthur Khodder, he moved to Stonchnorst. There were seven subjects: ABC, score, basic rules, grammar, syntax, poetry, rhetoric. Nutrition there was quite scarce and did not have a wide variety, which nevertheless did not affect health. Body punishment were harsh. Arthur at that time was often subjected to them. The gun of punishment served a piece of rubber, the size and form of reminded the thick galosh, which was beaten through the hands of the hands.

It was during these difficult years at the boarding school, Arthur realized that he had talent for writing stories, so he was often surrounded by a meeting of admiring young students listening to the amazing stories that he was to entertain them. On the last year of study, he publishes a college magazine and writes poems. In addition, he was engaged in sports, mainly the cricket in which he reached good results. He goes to Germany in Feldkirch to teach German, where he will continue to engage in sports: football, football on stilts, sledding. In the summer of 1876, Doyle rides home, but on the road he clings to Paris, where he lives a few weeks from his uncle. Thus, in 1876, he was educated and was ready to meet with the world and wished to fill out some of the shortcomings of his father, who by that time was mad.

The traditions of the Doyle family dictated to follow the artistic career, but still Arthur decided to do medicine. This decision was made under the influence of Dr. Brian Charles, a wall, young tenant, whom Arthur's mother took to reduce the ends with the ends. Dr. Valereta was educated at Edinburgh University, and therefore Arthur decided to study there. In October 1876, Arthur becomes a student of the Medical University, faced with another problem - not to receive a scholarship deserved to him, which was so necessary for him and his family. Study Arthur met with many future authors, such as, James Barry and Robert Louis Stevenson, who visited the university. But one of his teachers did the greatest impact on him, Dr. Joseph Bell, who was a master of observation, logic, conclusions and error detection. In the future, he served as a prototype of Sherlock Holmes.

Study, Doyle tried to help his family and earned money in his home-free time, which was exhibited by a more accelerated study of disciplines. He worked and the pharmacist and assistant of various doctors ...

Doyle reads a lot and two years after the start of the formation of Arthur decided to try himself in the literature. In 1879, he writes a small story of The Mystery of Sasassa Valley in Chamber "s journal. In the same year, he publishes his second story The American Tale in London Society magazine and understands that he can also make money. Health his father is worsening And it is placed in a psychiatric hospital, thus Doyle becomes the only breadwinner of his family. Twenty years old, studying at the third year of the university, in 1880, Doyle was offered to accept the post of surgeon to the Kitoboe "Nadezhda" under the command of John Gray in the area of \u200b\u200bthe North Parliament Circle. At first, "Nadezhda" stopped near the shores of Greenland Island, where the brigade went to the seal hunt. A young medical student was shocked by the atrocity of it. But, at the same time, he enjoyed the spirit of the partnership, on board the vessel and the subsequent hunt for China fascinated him. This is an adventure Found a place in his first story, concerned by the sea, frightening the story of Captain of the Pole-Star. Without big enthusiasm, Conan Doyle Return In the fall of 1880 in the fall of 1880, having fluted a total of 7 months, earning about 50 pounds.

In 1881, he graduated from the University of Edinburgh, where he received a bachelor's degree from medicine and a master's degree in surgery and began to look for a place to work. The result was the position of ship doctor on the ship "Mayuba", which went between Liverpool and the Western Coast of Africa and on October 22, 1881, another swimming began. Floating he found Africa as disgusting as the Arctic of seductive. Therefore, he leaves the ship and moves to England to Plymouth, where working together with a certain Calling torrent, with whom he met in the last courses of study in Edinburgh, namely from the end of Spring to the beginning of the summer of 1882, within 6 weeks. (These first years of practice are well described in his book "Letters Stark Monroe.") But disagreements arise and after them Doyle leaves for Portsmouth (July 1882), where he opens his first practice, sitting in a house for 40 pounds per annum, which began to bring Income only by the end of the third year. Initially, there were no customers and therefore Doyle appears the opportunity to devote his free time literature. He writes stories: "bones", "Blomensdaiksky ravine", "My friend is a killer", which publishes in the magazine "London Sosaiet" in the same 1882. In order to somehow help your mother Arthur invites you to live your brother Innes, who asks the gray weekdays of a novice doctor from August 1882 to 1885 (Innes leaves learning to a closed school in Yorkshire). During these years, the young man breaks between literature and medicine. During his medical practice, there were deaths of patients. One of them is the death of the son of the widow from Gloucestershira. But this case allows him to get acquainted with her daughter Louise Havingins (Hawkins) on which he marries in August 1885.

After the marriage, Doyle is actively engaged in literature and wants to make it his profession. He is printed in the magazine "Cornhill". One after another will be published by his stories: "Jeffson Hebquook", "Long Necession John Huxford", "Tota Ring". But stories by stories, and Doyle wants more, he wants him to notice him, and for this it is necessary to write something more serious. And in 1884, he writes the book "Trading House Gerdlstons." But the book was never published to his great regret. In March 1886, Conan Doyle began writing a novel who led him to popularity. At first he was called a Tangled Skein. Two years later, this novel was published in Beeton "S Christmas Annual (Biton's Christmas Weekly) for 1887, called A Study in Scarlet (Etude in the Bagger Tones), who introduced readers with Sherlock Holmes (Prototypes: Professor Joseph Bell, Writer Oliver Holmes ) And Dr. Watson (prototype Major Wood), who were soon famous. As soon as Doyle sends this book, he starts up again, and in early 1888 he finishes "Mickey Clark", which comes out in February 1889 in Longman Publishing House. Doyle He gets acquainted with Oscar Wilde and on the wave of positive reviews about Mickey Clarke writes in 1889 "White Detach".

Best days

Despite his literary success and prosperous medical practice, the harmonious life of the Konan Doyle family, extended by the birth of his daughter Mary, was restless. At the end of 1890, under the influence of the German microbiologist Robert Koch and even more Malcolm Robert, he decides to leave the practice in Portsmouth, and goes along with his wife to Vienna, leaving the daughter of Mary at grandmother, where he wants to specialize in ophthalmology, in order to find a job in London, But encountered with a specialized German language and studied 4 months in Vienna understands that time is wasted. During the period of study, he writes the book "Acts of Raffles Hou", according to Doyle "... Not too much a thing ..." In the spring of the same year, Doyle visits Paris and hops back to London, where he opens the practice on Upper Wimpole. The practice of success did not have (there were no patients), but for this time, short stories are written, in particular, for the magazine "Strend" he writes stories about Sherlock Holmes. "With the help of Sidney Paget, a Holmes image is created and a publication of stories in the Strand magazine occurs . In May 1891, Doyle sick influenza and there are several days at death. When he recovered, he decided to leave medical practice, but to devote himself to literature. This is happening in August 1891.

In 1892, living in Norwood, Louise bore her son, they called him Kingsley (Kingsley), Doyle writes the story "I survived from the 15th year," which is successfully placed in many theaters. Sherlock Holmes continues to prevent Doyle and a year later, in 1993, after his trip with his wife in Switzerland and a visit to Reichnbakh Falls, despite universal requests, surprisingly prolific, but a very impulsive author decided to get rid of Sherlock Holmes. As a result, twenty thousand subscribers refused to subscribe the Strand magazine, and Doyle writes the best, in his opinion of the novels: "Exiles", "Great Shadow". Now freed from the medical career and from a fictional hero who ugnet him and darkened what he considered more important. Conan Doyle absorbs itself into more intensive activities. This furious life can explain why the former doctor did not pay attention to a serious deterioration in his wife's health.

Over time, he finally found out that Louise was diagnosed with tuberculosis (Chakhotka) and suggests that this was the joint trip to Switzerland. Although she was given, only a few months, so that Doyle begins late care and he managed to pull her departure from life for 10 years, from 1893 to 1906. Together with his wife, they move in Davos, located in the Alps. In Davos, Doyle is actively engaged in sports, proceeds to writing stories about the Brigadier Geraré, based, mainly on the book "Memories of General Marbo". He has long been attracted to Spiritis, joining it to Society for Psychical Research, was considered by the public statement of his interest and faith in the occult. Doyle is invited to read a number of lectures in the United States. In late autumn of 1894, together with Brother Innes, who by that time ends with a closed school in Richmond, the Royal Military School in Woolje, becomes an officer, goes to lecture in more than 30 cities of the United States. These lectures were successful, but Doyle himself was very tired of them. In early 1895, he returns to Davos to his wife, which by that time feels good. At the same time, the publishing of the first stories from Brigadier Gerard begins in the Strand magazine and immediately the number of subscribers increase.

In the fall of 1895, Arthur Conan Doyle, together with Louise and his sister, Lotti goes to Egypt and during the winter of 1896 is where it is on the warm climate, which will be useful for her. At the end of 1896, he returns to England, and after some time, in the summer of 1897, it is in his own home in the county of Surrey. It is believed that Conan Doyle, a person with the highest moral stood, which is not changing during the rest of the life of Louise. It did not prevent him from falling, he fell in love with Jian Leka for the first time he saw her in March 1897. At the age of twenty-four, she was a strikingly beautiful woman, with blond hair and bright green eyes. Her many achievements were very unusual at that time: she was an intellectual, a good athlete.

When in December 1899, the Anglo-Board War began, Conan Doyle declared his suffering from the family that he was volunteer. Having written relative to many battles, without the possibility of checking his skills as a soldier, he felt that it would be his last opportunity to believe them. It is not surprising that being somewhat excessive in weight at the age of forty, it was considered unsuitable. Therefore, he goes there as a medical doctor and sails to Africa on February 28, 1900. On April 2, 1900, he arrives at the place and breaks the field hospital to 50 seats. But the wounded turns out many times more. Begins to drink water, leading to the epidemics of intestinal diseases, and therefore instead of fighting markers, Conan Doyle should have conducted a cruel battle against microbes. A day died to hundreds of patients. And it lasted for 4 weeks. Then the battles were followed, which allowed to take the top over the boots and on July 11, Doyle sailed back to England. For several months, he was in Africa, there he saw a greater number of soldiers of the died of fever, typhoid than military wounds. The book written by them, which underwent amendment until 1902, The Great Boer War (Great Borde War) is five chronicles of hundreds of pages, published in October 1900, was a masterpiece of military scholarship. It was not only a war message, but also a highly intelligent and well-informed comment on some of the organizational shortcomings of the British forces at the time. After that, he rushed with his head into politics, running into place in Central Edinburgh. But he was illegally accused of being a Catholic fanatics, remembering his boarding school Jesuit. Therefore, he was defeated, but he was happy more than, if he won.

In 1902, King Edward VII assigns Knight's title Conan Doyle for the services rendered by the Crown during the Anglo-Board War. Doyle continues with the stories about Sherlock Holmes and Brigadier Gerard, so he writes "Sir Nagel", who, in his opinion, "... is a high literary achievement ..." Literature, care for Louise, courting for Jean Leki as cautiously as possible , playing golf, driving fast cars flying into the sky on balloons, flying on early, archaic aircraft, spending time on the development of muscles, Conan Doyle was not satisfied. He again goes to politics in 1906, but this time suffers defeat. After Julia died on his hands on July 4th, 1906, Conan Doyle is depressed for many months. He tries to help someone who is in a worse position than he. By continuing the stories about Sherlock Holmes, he comes in contact with Scotland Yard to point to the mistakes of justice. This justifies the young man named George Edalji, who was convicted of having stabbed the many horses and cows. Conan Doyle proved that Ediji's vision it would be so bad a criminal could not make it a terrible thing. The result was the liberation of the innocent, who managed to serve a part of the term appointed him.

After nine years of secret courtship, Conan Doyle and Jian Leki marry publicly in front of 250 guests, September 18, 1907. With his two daughters, they move into a new house called Windlesham, in Sussex. Doyle happily lives with a new wife and actively begins to work, which brings him a lot of money. Immediately after the marriage, Doyle tries to help another convict - the Oscar of the Salad, but tolerates defeat. A few years after the marriage, Doyle puts the following works on stage: "Pestruy Rent", "Rodney Stone", published under the "House of Terper", "Points of Fate", "Brigadier Gerar". After the success of The Speckled Band, Conan Doyle wants to get away from the work, but the birth of two his sons, Denis in 1909 and Adriana in 1910, protects him from it. The last child, their daughter Jean, was born in 1912. In 1910, Doyle publishes the book "Crime in Congo", about the atrocities of workmen in the Congo Belgians. Written by the works about Professor Challenger had no longer success than Sherlock Holmes.

In May 1914, Sir Arthur, together with Lady Conan Doyle and children, go to conduct an inspection of the National Reserve in Jacier Park in the northern part of the Rocky Mountains (Canada). On the way, he visits New York, where he visits two prisons: Tommbs and Sing Sing, in which there is inspecting the chambers, an electric chair, talking with prisoners. The city was found by the author unfavorable altered in comparison with his first visit to his twenty years earlier. Canada, where they spent some time, was found charming and Doyle regretted that soon there would be no priority grandeur. While in Canada, Doyle holds a number of lectures. They arrived home a month later, probably because for a long time, Conan Doyle was convinced of the upcoming war with Germany. Doyle reads the book of Bernardi "Germany and the next war" and understands all the seriousness of the situation and writes the response article "England and the next War", which reached the "Fortonightli Review" in the summer of 1913. It sends numerous articles in newspapers about the upcoming war and military readiness for it. But his warnings were assessed as fantasy. Understanding the fact that England provides himself only at 1/6, Doyle proposes to build a tunnel under La Mansha to provide himself with food in case of the blockade of England submarines of Germany. In addition, it proposes to supply all sailors on the fleet with rubber circles (for keeping the head over water), rubber vests. It did not listen to his proposal a little, but after another tragedy on the sea, the mass introduction of this idea began. Before the beginning of the war (August 4, 1914), Doyle enters the detachment of volunteers, which is completely civil and was created in case of the invasion of the enemy to the territory of England. During the war, Doyle also makes proposals for the protection of soldiers and as it offers something similar to the armor, that is, the shouts, as well as plates protecting the most important organs. During the war, Doyle lost many people close to him, including his brother Innes, who sent to his death to the Adjutant General of the Corps and the Son Kingsley from the first marriage, and two cousins \u200b\u200band two nephews.

On September 26, 1918, Doyle goes to the mainland to become a battle witness, which occurred on September 28 in the French front. After such an amazingly complete and constructive life, it is difficult to understand why such a person retreated into the imaginary world of science fiction and spiritualism. The difference was that Conan Doyle was not a person who was satisfied with dreams and wishes; He needed to make them come true. He was manicane and did it with the same stubborn energy he showed in all his affairs when he was younger. As a result, the press laughed at him, the clergy did not approve it. But nothing could hold it. The wife is engaged in this with him.

After 1918, because of his deepening involvement in the occult, Conan Doyle wrote a small fiction. Their subsequent trips to America (April 1, 1922, March 1923), Australia (August 1920) and Africa, accompanied by three daughters, were also similar to mental crusades. Since the years have passed, spending up to a quarter of a million pounds in the pursuit of his secret dreams, before Conan, Doyle had a need for money. In 1926, he writes The Land of Mist, The Disintegration Machine, When the world screamed. In the fall of 1929, he departs on the last tour of Holland, Denmark, Sweden and Norway. He was already sick of Angina Pectoris.

In 1930, he made his last journey already chained to bed. He rose from his bed, and went to the garden. When he was found, he was on earth, one of his hand, squeezed her, the other held a white snowdrop. Arthur Conan Doyle died on Monday, July 7, 1930, surrounded by his family. His last words were addressed to his wife before death. He whispered: "You are wonderful." He is buried at the Minstead Hampshire Cemetery.

On the grave of the writer, the words visited them personally were carved:

"Do not remember me with the ukrorist,

If fascinated the story at least a little

And husband sawing lives

And the boy, before whom is still the road ... "

155 years ago, May 22, 1859, in the family of one Irish alcoholic, the descendant of kings Heinrich III and Eduard IIIThe addition happened. The baby will be destined to become a doctor-ophthalmologist, a kitobo, the organizer of ski resorts in Davos, an expert in occult sciences, a virtuoso in a banjo game and a knight. Baptized newborn name Ignatius.

Subsequently, it will prefer to be called otherwise. Name Arthur It was inherited to them. Second name, archaic Conan.He took in honor of Uncle Father. Surname Doyle It was considered one of the most ancient and respectable in Ireland and Scotland. Now she is also the most famous.

The author of the body armor

Incredible business: almost the most important of the heroes of the books of the "Library for School and Youth" series was the drunkard, a drug addict, a dubious dealers and an exclusive smoker. Who is it? Allow! After all, it was the following "Mr. Chernillock Golms", as the "leading British detective" was called in domestic pre-revolutionary translations. Tubes from the mouth does not release, regularly evaporated with morphine and cocaine, and whiskey, Portwine and Sherry-brandy are slipped even in sterile Soviet ads.

Does anyone remember Sir Nagel Loring? Or a character with more than strange name Micah Clark? Unlikely. But Sherlock Holmes is always with us. Even in pioneer camps. Andrei Makarevich In his memoirs, wrote: "Most often in" terrible stories "before bedtime, they talked about the adventures of a person named Sherhlomc."

• © www.globallookpress.com.
• © www.globallookpress.com / Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. 1892 year.
• © www.globallookpress.com / Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. 1894 year.
• © Flickr.com / Arturo Espinosa
• © www.globallookpress.com / Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Harry Hudini. Work no later than 1930.
• © www.globallookpress.com / Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. 1911.
• © www.globallookpress.com / Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. 1921.

Meanwhile, if you believe "serious" critics, we must remember Niphel Loring. Because the work of the "White Detach", the main character of which is like this sir, once called the "best historical novel of England, superior to even" Ivango " Walter Scott».

Michea Clark is not remembered at all. And completely in vain. This character is worthy of a good word at least for the reason that Conan Doyle in the novel about his adventures challenged the "light chest rape-proof armor". During the First World Wizard will remember about this idea and will put it in the press. The result is a body armor, who saved many lives in our time.

"Yes, yes, of course," answered our classic. - We remember both Professor Challenger from the "Lost World" and Brigadier Gerard. But only Sherlock Holmes became a hero for our children!

And as if in retaliation for rewarding, Chukovsky later nailed Doyle:

- He was not a great writer ...

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. 1922 year. Photo: Flickr.com / Boston Public Library

School Moriarty.

Maybe not. However, the name of Sherlock remains immentable on the srices of history. And recognizable. And in the life of the author of Holmes now carefully retain any little things. And the fact that in college the most unloved subject of Little Arthur was mathematics - eternal colas. And the fact that the Italian immigrants were scared in this college, brothers Moriarty. An excellent lesson to those who are satisfied with the cavogo. And also to those who poison their comrades. Because it was exactly that the "Genius of the Criminal World, Professor of Mathematics Moriarty" appeared. Before the appearance Hitler He was a sample of the "cruel villain" of all times and peoples.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in a field hospital during the Anglo-Board War. Work not earlier than 1899. Photo: www.globallookpress.com.

It is believed that the biography of the writer is his books. In the case of Sir Ignat, this is not quite so. How many writers have voluntarily sent to the front? And Conan Doyle at the very beginning of the Anglo-Board War, being already a forty-male writer with a world name, asks for the forefront. And not somewhere, but to South Africa.

He is denied him. And then he goes at his own bake. And on its own fees, including from the boring, hateful "Mr. Holmes,", organizes an exemplary field hospital. By the way, it is for these military works, and not at all for literature, Arthur Conan Doyle receives the knight's title and Order of the British Empire.

Returning from the war, Sir Doyle remains a parable in the towns. Is the joke of whether to exchange the fifth ten, to be the strongest British Empire Boxer. And at the same time to master racing cars? And draw the aircraft schemes? And put forward a proposal for the construction of the tunnel under La Mansha?

Then his hobbies seemed fantastic. But remember. Tunnel under La Mansha still built. Let it be not on the project Conan Doyle, but built. On aircraft with a fantastic swamp, we are now easily flying on vacation. But even at the dawn of aviation, he suggested that he was.

And there is still a brilliant detective, who has never uttered the phrase "Well, it is elementary, Watson!" We owe this expression aktore Vasily Livanovawhom you can also call Sir.

By the way, it is quite officially - all who won the Order of the British Empire, just to call and relies. And Russian Holmes and Russian Watson performed Vitaly Solmanthey are recognized as the best in Europe. Not in all, truth, Europe, but only on the continent. Well. The British traditionally do not recognize water mixers, right-sided movement and other wisdoms. Not very, they recognize the real feats of one of their most famous sons. We will remember at least we.