Big mainland. Continent and mainland - two big differences

Ancient peoples who lived around the Mediterranean Sea distinguished Europe and Asia, believing that the Bosphorus Strait and Dardanelles serve between them, and then the Black Sea and the Tanais River (Don). It is clear that such a division was due to the fact that the extensive expanses of the mainland were then poorly studied. The Black Sea was just a large bay of the Atlantic Ocean, the inner sea in the depths of the giant mainland, who later received the name of Eurasia. This largest mainland on Earth has studied long, finally its coast has been applied to the map only in the 19th century. But still in his depths there are many white spots.

Relief

The landscape of Eurasia amazes variety. There are all types of reliefs - from extensive lowland plains (West Siberian and Eastern European Plains) to high-altitude plateau (Tibet). The highest point of the planet is Mount Jomolungma (8848 m), and the deepest landflower - the Dead Sea coast, lying on 427 meters below the world's ocean level. The largest lake, which even ashamed to call the lake, the Caspian Sea is also located in the center of Eurasia. This continent has many geographic and landscape records, which are difficult to even list. Suffice it to say that one of the six continents of the Earth takes 36 percent (more than a third!) Sushi.

The largest mining systems of Eurasia are:

• Himalayas,
• Alps,
• Caucasus,
• Hindukush,
• Karakorum
• Tien Shan
• Kunlun
• Altai
• Pamiro Alay
• Tibet,
• Sayano Tuvinian Highlands,
• Deanskoye Plateau,
• Medium-grained plateore,
• Carpathians,
• Ural.

But what record does not belong to Eurasia - this is the ownership of the longest or the most popular river of the world. This provision has begun precisely due to the diversity of the mainland relief. Numerous mountain systems dismember its surface on insulated in the landscape of the region, not allowing water streams to become full and superficiated. Amazon became the very largest and longest river of the world, the area of \u200b\u200bthe catchment of which is almost half of South America - the mainland with a simple terrain.

Natural zones

Eurasia presents all natural zones of our planet. In the extreme south, this all year round is hot and wet world of equatorial forests, where "the weather is at the same time climate." As you move to the north, the climate is changing to moderate, where there is already a change of seasons. And in the extreme north of Eurasia there is a lifeless Arctic desert, where nothing grows and where even Tundra is already south.

Due to the variety of relief and the presence of warm and cold sea flows of terrain, lying on one latitude, can very much to vary with climate. For example, the city of Vladivostok is located almost a half degrees south than the Crimean Yalta. But the average annual temperature in Vladivostok is +4.4 degrees Celsius, and in Yalta +13.1. On one latitude with Yalta are such world-famous cultural centers as Ravenna and Genoa, also lying in the field with a warm climate.

In the depths of the territory of Eurasia, at a large distance from the oceans, there are areas with a sharp continental climate. The difference between winter and summer temperatures in such areas reaches very high values. The most severe climate of the internal regions of Mongolia. In the desert Gobi, daily temperature fluctuations can reach 40 degrees - from +20 Celsius in the afternoon until -20 at night. And the absolute annual fluctuations here are even more - to 113 degrees: the maximum summer temperature is +58 degrees Celsius, the minimum winter -55 degrees.

Population

The largest mainland on Earth inhabit almost 5 billion people, which is approximately 75 percent of the population of the Earth. The most densely populated are China and India. About half of the inhabitants of the mainland live in these two countries. The population of many countries of South and Southeast Asia is growing rapidly.

Inhabited by Eurasia, nations belong to 21 language family, 4 more languages \u200b\u200bhave the status of isolate, and 12 languages \u200b\u200bfailed to classify. The most "rich" is an Indo-European language family, consisting of 449 languages \u200b\u200bincluded in various groups. And the largest number of carriers is Chinese. It says 1.213 billion people.

During the last century, the population of the continent grew a rapid pace. The number of people in China especially increased. For the period from 1960 to 2010, its population has grown from 680 million to almost 1.4 billion - more than twice! But thanks to the policy of birth restrictions, the Chinese government managed to stabilize the situation. Today the growth rate of the population is 0.49 percent per year, being among the lowest in the world.

If we talk about such categories as more or less, further or closer, better or worse, then you can sometimes defend your point of view to infinity. But in the case when the conversation about some geographical characteristics begins, it is useless to argue, because the truth is obvious.

For example, if you ask the question, which of the mainland is the largest, then even a weak triple will answer you that this is Eurasia. Let's get acquainted with him closer.

Education of our native mainland

When our planet was young, from the point of view of geological age, then there was no talk about any continents. The earth bark was at the formation stage. Gradually began to appear small sections of the bark, around which modern continents were formed.

Due to the low temperature, the atmosphere fell to the ground, and this led to the emergence of the World Ocean, which filled all the depressions of the earth's crust. On this, geological transformations were not over, earthquakes continued and volcanic eruptions. All this ended with the formation on Earth of one giant continent called Gondwan.

About about 70 thousand years ago, modern continents were separated from this mainland, including Eurasia. He, as originally was the largest mainland in the world, and so far remains.

Eurasia has been subjected to various studies for a very long time, only in the 19th century its final borders appeared on the map.

The surface of the earth on the mainland

Probably, it is not surprising that the largest mainland on its surface has all kinds of relief. Starting with absolutely plain terrain, such as the Eastern European Plain, ending with the highest mountains of Tibet.

On the territory of the mainland there are quite a lot of large mountainies, among which it particularly wants to allocate:

1. Himalayas.
2. Caucasus.
3. Altai.
4. Alps.
5. Tien Shan.
6. Tibet.
7. Carpathians.
8. Ural.

You can list the mountain systems for a long time. All of them have many distinctive characteristics, each can boast of attractions.

General characteristics of the mainland

The mainland of Eurasia is conditionally divided into two parts - Europe and Asia. The conditioned border is the Ural Mountains, the north-west coast of the Caspian Sea, the Bosphorus Strait.

Eurasia is the only part of the light that is washed at once with all the existing oceans: a quiet, Atlantic, Indian and Northern Arctic.

For a length from East to the West, she has no equal. These are as much as 16 thousand kilometers. From north to south - two times less.

For such a name, we must thank the geologist Eduard Zyusus, who in 1883 the mainland gave the name of Eurasia, and before that names were not. Some called all the mainland just asia.

Variety of natural zones

Since the Square of Eurasia is the largest mainland, then, accordingly, it follows from this that, moving from the north to the south, one can observe the change of one natural zone. On this continent there are all natural zones that exist on our planet.

If you take the extreme south point, then there is a zone of tropical forests. During the entire calendar year, it is hot and humid. With progress to the north, the climate is replaced by more moderate, you can observe the change of seasons.

The extreme northern point is another pole, where, unlike tropics, where life is boiling, almost lifeless here. All year round lies snow and eternal frozen. Few animals are solved here to settle, although there are such recordsmen.

In the mainland, you can observe an interesting feature: the territories lying on one latitude are completely different by climatic conditions. This can be explained by different terrain and the presence of warm and cold flows.

For example, Yalta and Vladivostok. The latitude is alone, and as far as the different climate.

Even in the depths of the mainland, you can observe a large scatter in summer and winter temperatures, night and daytime can differ dramatically. For example, in the desert Gobi in Mongolia, the temperature can rise to +20 in the afternoon, and at night go down to -20.

Here is what diverse mainland Eurasia.

Uniqueness of Eurasia

Eurasia is not only the largest continent in Square, but also characterized by its unique geographical records. Let's call only some of them:

1. Only Eurasia is washed by all world oceans.
2. In the mainland is the highest mountain range - Jomolungma Mountain.
3. Another extreme in height above sea level is also here. This is the Dead Sea Wpadina.
4. The highest mountain peaks belong to the mainland of Eurasia. These include Himalayas and Tibet.
5. The Caspian Lake is considered the largest on the geographical map, and it is also located on the mainland of Eurasia.
6. The deepest and clean Lake Baikal is also the property of Eurasia.
7. Even such a concept as the maximum amount of precipitation per year, applies to the village of Cherryopunde, located in the foothills of Himalayas.
8. The largest geographic area is Siberia.
9. The coldest point on the globe is also located on the continent of Eurasia. This is Oymyakon.

There is no more such unique and unique mainland on Earth. We are His inhabitants and must be proud of it. Moreover, the population in Eurasia is the largest. Almost 75% of all residents of the planet live here.

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There are six continents on our planet. Each of them has its own unique features - Flora, fauna, climate, culture. And, of course, they differ in size. We invite you to get acquainted with the list of continents and interesting facts about them. The biggest mainland on Earth is Eurasia, the rest are significantly inferior to him in the area.

Eurasia, Area 54 million sq.km

The continent on which we live, has the most diverse relief. This is due to the fact that it is based on three large platforms and several smaller, interconnected. Each platform is expressed by the plain, and the boundaries between them are mountain chains. The depths of Eurasia contain a huge amount of minerals, including metals and precious stones.

The continent stands out among his fellow impressive area of \u200b\u200bsteppes, deserts, taiga, tundra. Climatic and natural diversity here simply amazes.

The animal and vegetable world of Eurasia includes many endemics - specimens growing only in one region from the entire planet. These include the Black Himalayan Bear, Panda, Spotted Deer, many species of monkeys.

Vegetation is also very different depending on the region. For example, in the tundra it is low-spirited species, in the steppe - cereal, in the taiga - spruce and cedar.

Africa, area 29 million sq.km

This mysterious continent for the most part consists of plains. Only from the south and from the North-West there are some mountains, including volcanoes. The most famous of them is Kilimanjaro. And the most famous desert is, of course, sugar, the record holder in size on the planet.

Due to the roast climate in Africa, its own unique composition of flora and fauna was formed. Jungle, extensive savannah and wet forests gave rise to such interesting animals, like lion, hyena, elephant, rhino, leopard, zebra, a huge number of birds and monkeys. The climate is difficult, therefore, both animals and plants should be the most persistent and lively.

From representatives of the flora you can highlight a bottle tree, bubble, breadwinner, as well as cultivated plants, useful for humans - Yams, pumpkin-luffa, Madagascar Liana.

North America, Area 20 million sq. Km

With a sufficiently diverse relief, more than a quarter of this mainland occupy an elevation (more than 1 km high). The basis is the North American platform, on which the island of Greenland is also located. The surface of this platform is pretty erratic - there are many protrusions and depressions, lakes, cereals, small islets, rivers, waterfalls.

Due to the fact that the continent affects all climatic zones, except for Equatorial, his animal and plant world are very diverse. True, a considerable area is occupied by cold belts with eternal Merzlot, where life is practically absent. But to the south, you can find oaks, birch, ash, cypresses and even palm trees.

From animals are often found deer, dickerages, coyotes, bears, opossums. Peers - Bison and Antelope Prairie characters. Widespread turtles, snakes, predatory birds.

South America, area of \u200b\u200b17 million sq.km

The ratio of mountains and plains on this continent is approximately the same. South America is not only the biggest mainland on earth, but also the greatest and wet, due to the features of the earth's crust. But there are arid, and snow-covered terrain, and stony deserts, steppes, savannahs. Of course, it is impossible not to mention the longest chain of the mountains - Andes.

It was from this continent that many plants familiar to us came - potatoes, tomatoes, cocoa, corn. Surprisingly, in this day, biologists open new species here. And how many of them are still hidden in dense rainforests, through which it is almost impossible to pass!

The animal world of South America is represented by such creatures as sloths, poisonous frogs, capibars, river dolphins, hummingbirds, anaconds. Among the plants can be distinguished by the tree of qubbahn, many types of shrubs and cereals.

Antarctica, Area 14 million sq.km

This mainland is covered with a solid ice "shell" formed due to the collision of large tectonic plates. It is curious that under ice it is not a one-way continent. If we assume that there is no frozen cover, then Antarctica would have been a very small continent and a few surrounding archipelagos.

Living nature here, of course, is more scarce than in other places of the planet, and only researchers live from people. The vegetation world is represented by mkhami and lichens, but their species are quite a lot. Ground mammals are absent, although there are insects, birds, crustaceans.

But from semi-dry animals you can allocate sea elephants, seals, sea lions. Whales are inhabited by the coast of Antarctica, both tight and riveted. Mostly animals are resets closer to the coasts of the Sanctarctic Islands.

Australia, an area of \u200b\u200b7 million square meters

Australia is usually combined with Oceania. They are similar in terms of climate, nature and relief. At an amazing mainland, the most unusual, truly unique, types of animals and plants are collected. The relief of Australia is quite smooth, consists most of the desert, savannah and semi-desert. Vegetation is concentrated around rivers and lakes.

Perhaps the main symbol of Australia among plants is eucalyptus. A bamboo, bottlepiece, acacia also is also sufficient. From the animals, first of all, Kangaroo is remembered, behind him - Koala, Wombat, Echidna, Self-flying, many species of bats.

Australian birds are attracted - Ostrich Ehu, Kukabarra, crowded pigeons. In the south of the mainland, you can meet even penguins that migrate here from Antarctica. An interesting feature of Australia: here just one kind of predatory mammals, this is a Dingo dog.

As can be seen, the size of the continent plays a considerable role in the formation and relief, and life on it. But it does not make one continent better, and the other is worse, each of them is beautiful and amazing, like our entire planet.

Interesting facts about the continents of the Earth.

What is continent? This term itself sounds impressive. We involuntarily imagine something large-scale, which can not be embraced at a time. When someone says this word, the thought will fly to the head that we are talking about a huge earthen mass, which keeps afloat on our blue planet and keeps a wide variety of living beings. No less interesting is the word "mainland", but do we mean the meaning of these words? Well, let's deal with this at first glance not a very easy question.

How many continents on earth, in the world: list with titles, area

Before moving to the number of continents, let's see what actually burns the continent.

• According to terminology, this, as stitched above, a large earthen array, which is practically not covered by the waters of the ocean and is called land. Only the edges of this array, driving down, affected by the ocean. Since they are under water, these edges are not available to the human eye (if you, of course, is not a scientist studying this side of the sushi having several submarines in stock).
• There is a well-known fact that on our planet we have only six continents. This List includes: Australia, Antarctica, Old Light (Africa and Eurasia) and New Light (North and South America).
• These earthy blocks are impressive with their sizes and numbers indicating their area. Thanks to the measurements, we know that the area, for example, Australia, is 7,692,000 km². And after all, the Australia is the most small continent of the planet, what we can judge on the world map, at least. By the way, this is the only continent who is busy with one state!
• Although Australia and the smallest continent, it does not prevent her first in other nominations. As it turned out, in Australia we can see the longest wall in the world. And we are not at all about the great Chinese wall, which is considered to be the most large-scale. This is the so-called "dog fence", which shares the entire continent into two parts - in one of them there is a natural habitat of wild dogs wild dogs, they forced the Australians to build this "fence" to protect their pastures. The length of this building is striking - 5614 km of reliable obstacles for Dingo.
• Also, it is worth mentioning that Australia is the only mainlandwhere no acting volcano was detected. And even if it is not too striking, you can still say that it is on this continent that you can find the cleanest air on the planet, namely, in Tasmania (this is one of the regions).
• Australia, like the continent, has many interesting places that occupy the first places in a variety of nominations (for example, a large barrier reef, as the largest coral structure; or the most white sand of the beach Hyams, which is even listed in the Guinness Book of Records).
• As for Antarctica, it is a mainland that is located in the south of our planet Earth and it is considered to be the kingdom of ice and cold. As you know, this is the highest continent in the world (height above sea level - more than 2000 m) and its area is 14,107,000 km², that is, almost twice as much, Ches Australia.

• Interestingly, it is this continent that contains about 70% of freshwater reserves of the planet. Where is there so much water, you ask? Of course, it is there in the form of ice! Antarctica is considered not only the coldest continent, but also the dry. On dried deserts, the strongest wind in the world is freely walking freely, which is able to carry you like a gun. Wonderful place, isn't it? It becomes even more wonderful when double-frosts are double-frozen - the nearby seas are covered with ice crusts at a fairly high speed - about 65 thousand km² a day!
• This mainland is covered with ice arrays so tightly that only occasionally can see the earth itself. It is also known that it was in Antarctica that the most huge and impressive Iceberg is found - his name B-15 and this block of ice has 295 km long and 37 km in width. It's like a separate island from the ice only.
• What about belonging to some state, then this continent is completely free - this is a neutral zone that is only available to tourists and scientists. The second is always there. There is work - despite the cold and dryness, in Antarctica we can detect a variety of fauna, which has adapted to such strong cold and feels quite comfortable in such conditions. You can spend a lot of time to study. Oh, yes, there is no time on this mainland. How can it be so? And so that this is also a neutral temporary zone - everyone who is on the continent live in time of the country from which profits.
• From one of the coldest places, we smoothly go to one of the most warm - the mainland called Africa, which is part of the general group of the old world. Square Africa is 30,370,000 km² and is the second area among all existing mainland.
• Africa herself is unique in that only on this mainland there are places where there has never been a man's leg. Completely untouched flora and fauna. Another Africa boasts the world's largest desert sugar, which heard every schoolboy. It covers as many as 10 countries of the African continent! And even if the desert surprises not everyone, he learned that there were the biggest deposits of diamonds and gold Many could suddenly seize the desire to get on this mainland in search of wealth.
• Surely you heard the legends about the mysterious battlefish, a mysterious pirate ship. And this is precisely in Africa there is a cape of good hope, which is just associated with this legend.
• As for real horrors, this is a fact about bulk sands. Corncotte, right? But their depth reaches about 150 m.
• From sand to water - the Nile River, which is also known as much, is the longest river in the world. Its length is 6,650 km, and it flows through 11 countries of all Africa.
• The next continent, which will be discussed, this is a new light. As mentioned at the beginning, it consists of two parts, called the continents - North and South America.
• North America has some different numbers relating to the area. It all depends on whether the nearby islands are included, or not. In the first case, the area of \u200b\u200bthis mainland is 24.25 million km², in the second - 20.36 million km²
• As you know, the most of North America occupies Canada, which is the second largest country in the world.
• As for truly impressive things, it is in the North American continent that the largest and deepest canyon in the world, which is called the Great Canyon. This place is most popular among tourists, many want to make a memorable photo of the canyon, to then brag about this fact.
• Many have heard about such a person as Christopher Columbus. It was he who was the first European, whose foot stepped into Earth North America, although then he did not suspect that this is not the "earth" where he was heading. Thanks to such an error, today we can see such a mainland as North America with all its charms, which are especially closely related to Canada. After all, when mentioning this country, the thought of maple syrup and hockey immediately comes to the mind, is not it?

• For many, it will be the news that the cause of frequent earthquakes in California is that it is in North America that two tectonic plates face, which cause these underground shocks. Pleasant little, but it is very impressive.
• As for the fauna of this mainland, only off the coast of North America we can see the flocks of dolphins who hunt groups. More neither the mainland or continent can you see it. Land animals differ little from those who inhabit the mainland of Eurasia, we will talk about it later. Wolves, deer, bears, proteins and many other representatives of fauna live here.
• It is possible to mention that next to North America is located the most huge island of our planet - Greenland, whose name is literally translated as a "green country". But it is covered with ice with a thickness of 340 m. Strange, is it not true? And all because Norman Eric Redhead called the "green country" only the part of the island that was covered with plants, and this plot was not very large. But soon and the whole island began to be called that, causing bewilderment from everyone who visited him and did not know the reasons for such a strange name that did not fully correspond to the seen.
• Turning to South America, it is worth saying that she, like North America, is part of the group New World, which is generalized in the same name "America". As far as is known, South and North America used to be not two continents belonging to one group, but a separate continent.
• South America's area - 17.8 million km². By area, it is quite a bit more well-known country in Russia. Also, the composition of South America includes clusters of the islands.
• This mainland can also surprise its interesting and unusual places. For example, here is the very saline lake in the world - Salar de Uyuni, which is located in Bolivia. Just imagine what density of this water. It is unlikely that there is some kind of living creature. Although, we all know that the fauna adapts perfectly under the harsh conditions.
• We all remember horror films about huge snakes that eat a special love for people in a not quite pleasant sense. So it was in South America that dwells such a kind of snakes with the frightening name "Anaconda".
• As for other attractions, this mainland contains the highest waterfall in the world - Angel. Its dimensions are very inspired and always come to be attempted both tourists and people living here. Agree, you will never get used to this, even if you live a lifetime on one mainland with such a huge waterfall.

What is the biggest continent on the globe and what is its area?

As it was promised, go to the largest continent of the planet Earth - Eurasia. It is part of the old world. Its square is quite impressive - 54.3 million km². The population of this continent is more than 70% of the population of the entire planet.

• The mainland itself is divided into two parts, united in his name - Europe and Asia. Also, this is the only mainland, which, as we know, is washed by all four oceans.
• Eurasia also has something to boast regarding the category "most-most." For example, the most narrow strait in the world is the Bosphorus. The largest archipelago are the Stern Islands.

• As for the depth, it is Eurasia who owns the lowest point of sushi - this is a wpadin at the bottom of the Dead Sea. And since we were talking about the seas, it is worth mentioning that only this mainland has the seas of "four colors" - black, white, yellow and red. Quite unusual diversity.
• There is an interesting fact that it was on this continent that such science was formed as geography. And it's not surprising, after all, scientists were quite enough territory to start studying and make some conclusions, create terms, etc.
• And it is on the shores of Eurasia, which, as mentioned, is surrounded by water, the largest ports of the world are located. All travel facilities, import and export to other continents.

Continent and mainland: What do they differ, what's the difference?

Meanwhile, I want to ask: "Do you know the difference between frequently mentioned words" Mainland "and" Continent? "

• Above these words were mentioned chaotically, mixing when it was about the same part of the sushi. As far as it is known, these terms are considered words synonyms, as they mean one value - dry, surrounded by water. Regardless of use, the difference between the "continent" and the "continent" is that the phonetically is pronounced in different ways, the meaning load does not change from this.
• Therefore, all of the above parts of the world are essentially both continents and continents, it will not be considered a mistake.

So, we reviewed all the continents of our planet, with all their pleasant and not very pleasant details that will be interesting to both an ordinary person and a tourist or a scientist. The continents are not particularly different, but completely different in terms of other criteria. Everyone is unique in its own way and is worthy to be interesting not only by scientists, but also to ordinary people.

Videos: Traveling to the mainland of the Earth

The biggest mainland on our planet is Eurasia. This continent combines Asia and Europe, which despite multiple climate differences, relief and other features are one and perfectly complement each other.

For the first time, the name "Eurasia" applied to the mainland Eduard Zyuss (in 1880). Before him, this continent was called in different ways, for example, Alexander Humbolt liked to call His Asia more.

Dimensions of Eurasia

Eurasia ranks 36 percent of the entire land sushi that in square kilometers equals 54,759,000. 93 states are located on the territory of the continent. No other continent can "boast" such a number of available countries. The population of the mainland is ¾ of all living on our planet - 4,947 billion people (according to statistical data from 2010).

Features of geographical location

As already noted above, the continent consists of Asia and Europe. The distinction between these parts of the world is carried out by mountains, rivers, straits and parts of the seas (for example, the Urals, Emba and Kuma rivers, the northwestern part of the Caspian Sea, the Bosphorus Strait, etc.). However, if we consider Europe and Asia from a natural point of view, there are no sharp boundaries between them - the mainland is continuously in the form of sushi by 8,000 km from the north to south, and from the west to the east to 16,000 km.

This mainland is washed by all the oceans available on our planet (four of them four). From the southern part it is washes by the Indian Ocean, with North - Northern Arctic, from Eastern - quiet, and with Western - Atlantic. In terms of washing shores by all world oceans, the mainland is the only one on the planet.

Relief features

Different continent with a rather diverse relief. Here are the Tibetan Highlands, West Siberian and Eastern European Plains (are considered one of the largest). The mainland on the entire planet is recognized as the highest - the height of it on average is 830 meters. Approximately 65 percent of the mainland territory falls on mountain peaks and plateaus. For example, Eurasia is the location of the highest mountains of our planet - Himalayas.

Climatic and natural features

Because of the huge size of the continent, there are all climatic belts and zones. On the islands and in the western part the marine climate prevails. In the east and south, the climate is marked monsoon. When promoting land deployment, it is possible to note the predominance of the continental climate (it is especially characteristic when moving from west to east in a moderate climatic belt). The most characteristic of such a climate for Eastern Siberia.

And the natural zones here is inherent in diversity. The highlands and islands in the northern part are covered with glaciers. Eastern Siberia and Far East are the placement of the TundR and Forestandr. Almost completely covered by Taiga Siberia. In the center of the mainland and its southwestern part there are deserts and semi-deserts. The steppe and forest-steppe zone are inherent in the southern part of Western Siberia and the Russian Plain.

What can "boast" Eurasia?

Eurasia has many geographical points that are recognized as largest: Lake Baikal, Caspian Sea, Tibet, Jomolungma, Arabian Peninsula, Siberia. In this regard, the mainland can be called a kind of record holder in comparison with other continents, which are present on our planet.