You are here: reader (library). Memories in the novel (on the example of Ganin) Central Motive Roman V.V

Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov is one of the most interesting writers of the twentieth century. A lot of disputes and ambiguous judgments caused and causes his work. Therefore, it is quite fascinating to carry out an analysis of the Nabokov. "Masha" is not just a novel, but the first novel writer, which makes it even more significant and valuable.

Creativity Nabokov

Vladimir Nabokov is an unsolved secret and an inexplicable mystery of the literature of the twentieth century. Some consider him a genius, others absolutely do not recognize a talented writer in it. He was born in the XIX century in St. Petersburg and died at the end of the last century in Switzerland. Most of the life was lived abroad, but the Russian childhood is not forgotten. Nabokov wrote both in his native and in English, translated his novels, lectured on philology.

Many of his texts were mentioned by the era of modernism, and the style of his works is so original, which has no analogues in any Russian, or in foreign literature. The ambiguity and heterogeneity of his creations make it impossible to complete the Nabokov. "Masha" takes us to study not only because this is the first novel by Vladimir Vladimirovich, but also because this is the first work written by him in emigration.

History of creation

So, let's start analyzing the Nabokov ("Masha" in the focus of our attention). Roman was written in 1926 in Berlin. It has many biographical motifs, primarily associated with longing in his homeland, intolerable sacrifices of the emigrant on the lost home.

In the magazine "Niva" immediately after the release of the novel, the review of it was printed: "It embraces his fate of Nabokov along the canvas of its works ... reflected the fate of a whole human type - the Russian intellectual emigrant." Life abroad was, as for many people who left the native country of people, difficult. The only thing in what Nabokov could find a consolation - the memories of the past, where were joy, love, house. It is these bright thoughts formed the basis of the novel.

Before proceeding with the analysis, we turn to the retellion of the plot of the novel "Masha". Summary should be started to describe in the spring of 1934 in Berlin. The main character, Ganin Lev Glebovich, lives in a guesthouse for Russians, where, besides him, live:

• Alertov Alexey Ivanovich (mathematician);
• Prettyn \u200b\u200bAnton Sergeevich (old poet)
• "Cozy young lady" Clara, in love with Ganin and a driver working;
• loving couple - Ballet dancers Colin and Mountains.

Ganin arrived in Berlin a year ago, during this time he changed several works: Sanitary, worker, waiter. He managed to scat enough money to leave, but at first he needs to part with Lyudmila, with which they are connected with relations for three months that is terribly tired of the hero. But there can be no preposition to find a gap. The windows of his room, as discharged, go on the railway, and the desire to leave becomes insurmountable. In the rustling of the sunshine feelings, Lev Glebovich declares the hostess of the guesthouse that she was leaving on Saturday.

The first love

A lot of feelings and experiences of the Nabokov himself affected the work of "Masha". The summary of the novel (especially the memories of Ganin about the past) also proves it.

Lev Glebovich learns from Alferov that his spouse will arrive on Saturday - Masha. In the photo of his wife, Mathematics Ganin will find out the girl in which she fell in love for the first time. He is captured by memories of the past, he even, in his feelings, the young people are ten years old. And the next day he tells Lyudmila, which is in love with another. Ganin feels freedom and is completely given to memories.

He is sixteen years old, he is in the summer manor, where he is restored after typhoid. From boredom, the young man creates in thoughts the image of an ideal lover, which is met exactly in a month. It was Masha - a girl with a "chestnut scythe in a black bow", burning eyes, a dark face and a "mobile, kartvy" voice. She was constantly cheerful, very sweetly loved. Somehow Ganin met her with girlfriends, and they agreed to go to ride a boat, but the next day Masha came without friends. Since that time, young people began to meet next to an empty manor.

When they moved on the eve of departure to St. Petersburg for the last time, Ganin noticed that the shutters at one window are open and a face is guessed in the glass. It turned out that she was spying the son of Storam. Ganin so got angry, which beat him very much.

The next morning the main character went. Masha moved to Petersburg only in November. Now you have to meet young people. It became harder - on the street. Frost, do not take a long time. The only welcome was the phone - in the evenings they could talk for hours with each other. And shortly before the new year, the Masha family moved to Moscow. To his surprise, Ganin felt relief from this.

In the summer they had the opportunity to meet again. The only problem is - this year, Masha's father removed the cottage in fifty versts from Ganin's estate. The young man went to his beloved, but he was repaired. She met him with the words: "I'm yours, do everything you want with me." But there were too many rustles around, Ganin seemed that someone goes, so he quickly left.

The last time they met a year after that in the train and since then did not see each other. Only exchanged several letters during the war.

Completion of the novel

As can be seen, realistic and very vital history draws in his novel novel.

In the morning, Ganin says goodbye to the boarders and goes to the station. Until the arrival of the train remains an hour. Gradually, Ganina is beginning to climb the thoughts that their novel with Masha ended in a long time ago. Without waiting for the arrival of a woman, he goes to another railway station and leaving.

Topic and idea

With the definition of the topic and ideas should begin the analysis of the novel "Masha" Nabokov. It seems that the topic of love in the work is in the first place and is leading, but it is not. In fact, the novel is devoted exclusively lost homeland - Russia. All other submers and motifs are grouped around this image.

The image of Ganin.

The image of the main character largely written off Vladimir Nabokov. "Masha" (the analysis of the feelings and experiences of Ganin as an emigrant) once again confirms this. In Berlin, he is not needed to anyone, and he also does not have anything to do. Lev Glebovich is lonely and unhappy, Ugnetn, his soul was overwhelmed with hopeless longing. He has no desire to deal with something or something to change.

The hero is revived only by memories of Masha. Thoughts about the have been reborn his soul and body, the ghostly happiness warms, pushes on the action, gives hope for the future. But not long lasts sitting at the station, waiting for Masha, he suddenly realizes that it is impossible to be returned, about the lost paradise (homeland) can only be dreaming, but it will never come to find again.

The image of Masha

It is impossible, making the analysis of the story of "Masha" (Nabokov), not to pay attention to the image of the main character, let it appear only in the dreams of Ganin. With Masha in the work, only the brightest and happy memories are associated. The image of the girl becomes an impersonation of forever lost happiness, Russia before the war and the revolution.

The fact that Masha, who merges the way of the Motherland does not appear in the novel, speaks of the unattainableness of Paradise (Russia). It appears only in memories and dreams, more for emigrants is not available.

Uniqueness of the end of the novel

Very often in this work plays the deception of the reader's waiting for Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov: Masha (the analysis of its image is presented above) and does not appear, the intended to which the alignment of the main characters does not appear, turns into a PSHIK, and the final does not correspond to the traditional

The end of the novel is rather philosophical than a psychological character. Nabokov does not allow the heroes to meet not because of deep spiritual experiences, but because there is no refund.

Conclusion

Thus, the originality and some mysteriousness of the work confirms the analysis of the Nabokov. "Masha" in such a context is not only the first novel of the author, but also a statement about his unusual talent, which in the late works only developed.

V. Nastokov was written shortly after the wedding with faith Slonim in Berlin in 1925 (and by the way it is dedicated to it) and published in the Berlin "Word" in 1926. It was the first novel Nabokov. Roman about the first, still children's love ...
They say Nabokov called "Masha" a "unsuccessful book", and, signing it for someone, drew a butterfly doll on the title page as a sign that it is far from perfect ... then "Lolita", "other shores", " Protection of a nudge "...
Some consider the Roman autobiographical, even despite the assurances of the author himself, that never "no one buses in their belongings."

The action of the novel occurs in 1924 in Berlin, in the boarding house, where immigrants from Russia live. Lev Ganin, examining the family photos of his neighbor of Alferov, suddenly suddenly learns his first love in his wife ... Masha ... "The wondrous dazzling memory of happiness is a female face that emerged again after many years of everyday life ..." (from)

Fucking childhood memories ... Russia nine years ago, he was then sixteen years old, and he, recovering after typhus in the summer manor under his Swedean, created himself a female image that in a month met in reality. It was Masha. They met not far from the estate all summer and then, when both moved to Petersburg ... And then Masha's parents were taken to Moscow, and their last meeting on the train could be called a random ...

And now she is the wife of another, and a few days later comes to Berlin ... Ganin puts himself a goal to return Masha. By drinking Alferov on the eve, he departed to the station instead of him ... some moments separate him from happiness. And what ... at the very last moment he understands "With merciless clarity that his novel with Masha ended forever. He lasted only four days, - these four days were able to be happier sometimes of his life. But now he has exhausted his memory to the end, he sat down to the end, and the image of Masha remained together with the dying old poet there, in the house of the shadows that he himself had already become remembered. " (from)

And seeing how the train approached with noise, he grabs his suitcases and decides to go to another station.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov was born on April 23, 1899 in the capital of the Russian Empire of St. Petersburg in a notable and rich family. In the saturated event of 1917, his father was a short time in the number of ministers of the Kerensky government, and when the Bolsheviks came to power in the country, Nabokov were forced to emigrate. In 1919, Vladimir entered the University of Cambridge and graduated from him in 1922. In March of the same year, Father Nabokova, whores the Milyukov from the Bulley of the Monarchist, died in Berlin during the attempt on the head of the Cadet Party of Cadets.
The twentieth-thirtieth years spent Nabokov in Berlin, then he lived in Paris, in 1940 he moved to the United States. The brilliant mind and excellent sense of humor allowed Nabokov to become an excellent writer. A characteristic feature of his works was not so much the abilities of the images, ideas and the funquality of the plot, how many virtuositour possession of English - not a native language for him. The writer translated into English "Word about Igor's regiment" and "Eugene Onegin". In 1961, he settled in Switzerland together with his wife. Vladimir Nabokov died on July 2, 1977 at the age of 78.

Other works:

"Chamber of Obscrew", "Dar", "Lolita", "Protection of Luzina", the book of memoirs "Other shores" and others.

Masha - Roman (1926)

Spring 1924, Lev Glebovich Ganin lives in Russian guesthouse in Berlin. In addition to Ganin in the guesthouse, Mathematics Alexey Ivanovich Alferov live, a man "With a liquid beard and a brilliant chubby nose", "Old Russian Poet" Anton Sergeevich Prettyn, Clara - "full-boring, all in black silk, a very cozy young lady", working as typical and in love with Ganina, as well as ballet dancers Colin and mining. "A special shade, mysterious seamanity" separates the latter from other boarders, but, "talking on conscience, it is impossible to pursue a pigeon happiness of this harmless couple."
Last year, at arrival in Berlin Ganin immediately found work. He was both a worker, and waiter, and statist. The remaining money is enough to leave Berlin, but for this you need to break with Lyudmila, the connection with which lasts for three months and it is tired of him. And how to break, Ganin does not know. The window goes on the canvas of the railway, and therefore "the ability to go teases is unconvinced." He declares the hostess that he will leave on Saturday.
From Alferova Ganin finds out that his wife is coming on Saturday
Shenka. Alfers leads Ganin to her to show him the photos of his wife. Ganin will recognize his first love. From that moment on, he is completely immersed in the memories of this love, it seems to him that he grind out exactly nine years old. The next day, on Tuesday, Ganin declares Lyudmila that she loves another woman. Now he is free to remember how nine years ago, when he was sixteen years old, he, who recovered after the typhus in the summer manor under the Swedean, created himself a female image that in a month met in reality. Masha had a "chestate braid in a black bow", "Tatar burning eyes", a dark-minded face, voice "Movable, Cartular, with unexpected breast sounds." Masha was very cheerful, loved sweet. She lived at the cottage in Voskresensk. Somehow with two girlfriends, she climbed into the gazebo in the park. Ganin spoke with the girls, they agreed the next day to go ride a boat. But Masha came alone. They began to meet every day along the side of the river, where there was an empty white manor on the hill.
When in a black rapid night, on the eve of departure to St. Petersburg to the beginning of the school year, he met her at this place for the last time, Ganin saw that the shutters of one of the windows of the manor are open, and a human face was pressed to the glass from the inside. It was the son of Storam. Ganin broke the glass and began to "beat the stone fist on the wet face."
The next day he went to St. Petersburg. Masha moved to St. Petersburg only in November. The "snow era of their love" began. It was difficult to meet, to wander in the cold for a long time, so both remembered about summer. In the evenings, they talked for hours on the phone. All love requires privacy, and they did not have a shelter, their families did not know each other. At the beginning of the new year, Masha was taken to Moscow. And strange: this separation was for Ganin relief.
In the summer, Masha returned. She called Ganin to the cottage and said that Dad didn't want to take her back in Voskresensk again and she now lives in fifty versts from there. Ganin drove to her by bike. Came already dimly. Masha waited for him at the gate of the park. "I'm yours," she said. "Do all you want with me." But strange rusties were heard in the park, Masha lay too submissive and motionless. "Everything seems to me that someone goes," he said and rose.
He met Mashenka a year later in the country train. She saved
At the next station. They did not see anymore. During the war, Ganin and Masha exchanged several times with gentle letters. He was in Yalta, where "Military struggle" was preparing, "she is somewhere in Malorus. Then they lost each other.
On Friday, Colin and Mountains on the occasion of receiving the surgent, Clara's birthday, the departure of Ganin and the alleged departure of the palty drug in Paris to the niece decide to arrange a "festival". Ganin with the tightened goes to the police office to help that with a visa. When the long-awaited visa is received, it rands randomly leave a passport in the tram. His heart fitness happens to him.
Festive dinner passes weightless. Tighten again becomes bad. Ganin will eat and so already drunk Alferov and sends him to sleep, and himself represents how to meet Masha at the station in the morning and takes her.
Having gathered things, Ganin says goodbye to the boarders sitting at the bed of the dying palty drug, and travels to the station. Before the arrival of Masha remains an hour. He sits on the bench in the square near the station, where four days ago recalled the typhus, estate, premonition of Masha. Gradually, "with merciless clarity" Ganin realizes that his novel with Masha ended forever. "He lasted only four days," these four days were, perhaps, the happiest sometimes of his life. " The image of Masha remained with the dying poet in the "House of Shadows". And there is no other Masha and can not be. He waits for the moment when an express walking from the north passes along the railway bridge. Takes a taxi, travels to another station and sits on the train coming to the southwest Germany.
E. A. Zhuravleva

Masha

"Masha" - First Roman V. V. Nabokova; Written in the Berlin period in 1926 in Russian.

The book exhibits the themes, to a greater extent developed in the "gift": Russian emigrant environment in Berlin.

Plot

The main hero Ganin lives in a Russian guesthouse in Berlin. One of the neighbors, Alpheres, all the time talks about the arrival of his wife Masha from Soviet Russia at the end of the week. By photography Ganin learns his former love and decides to wash it from the station. All week, Ganin lives with memories. On the eve of the arrival of Masha in Berlin Ganin sweeps the Alpherov and the alarm clock will incorrectly. At the last moment, however, Ganin decides that the past image will not return and travels to another station, forever leaving Berlin. Masha himself appears in the book only in the memories of Ganin.

Masha and her husband appear later in the novel of the Nabokov Protection of Luzhin (Chapter 13).

In 1991, the same film was filmed on the book.

The image of Russia in the novel

V. Nabokov describes the life of emigrants in the German guesthouse.

These people are beggars, both material and spiritually. They live thoughts about the past, associate life in Russia, and cannot build a present and future.

The image of Russia is opposed to the image of France. Russia is associated with the heroes with Zagurnina, and France - with Zigzag. In France "Very right", in Russia Kavardak. Alferov believes that everything is over with Russia, "they were washed off, as you know, if the wet sponge fell on the black board, according to the hand-drawn ..." Life in Russia is perceived as painful, Alferov calls her "metampsychose." Russia is called damned. Alferov declares that Russia is a kaput, "that the" God-head "turned out to be, as well as it was possible to expect a gray bastard that our homeland, it became forever died."

Ganin lives with memories of Russia. When he sees rapid clouds, his head immediately arises its image. Ganin remembers Motherland most of the time. When the end of July comes, Ganin places memories of Russia ("The end of July in the north of Russia already smells a little autumn ..."). In the memory of the hero basically pops up the nature of Russia, its detailed description: odors, colors ... For him, separation from Masha - this is separation from Russia. The image of Masha is closely intertwined with the image of Russia.

Clara loves Russia, in Berlin feels lonely.

The apocalyptic Petersburg dream is dreaming, and Ganin dreams "only charm".

The heroes of Roman remember the youth, on learning in the gymnasium, the school, as they played in the Cossacks - Robbers, Napta; Remember magazines, poems, birch groves, forest edges ...

Thus, the heroes are ambiguous about Russia, each of them has their own ideas about their homeland, their memories.

Memories in the novel (on the example of Ganin)

Ganin - Hero of the novel "Masha" V. Nabokova. This character is not inclined to actions, apatic. Critics of literature 20-g. They consider Ganin failed attempt to imagine a strong personality. But in the image of this character there is also a dynamics. It is necessary to remember the past Hero and his reaction in the stopping elevator (attempt to find output). Ganin's memories are also a dynamics. His difference from other heroes is that he is the only leaving board.

The memory in the novel V. Nabokov is represented as a comprehensive force as an animated creature. Ganin, having seen a photo of Masha, changes his worldview for the root. Also, the memory is accompanied throughout the hero, it is like a living being. In the novel, the memory is referred to as a gentle companion, which was ruled and spoke.

In his memoirs, the hero is immersed in the youthful temper, where he met his first love. Letter Masha to Ganin awakens in him memories of a light feeling.

Sleep in the novel is equal to the fall. Hero Nabokova withstands this test. A tool to awakening is the memory.

The fullness of life is returned to Ganin through the memoir. This happens with the help of the photo Masha. It is from contact with her begins the resurrection of Ganin. As a result of Healing Ganin recalls its feelings, which he is experiencing during the cure from the typhoid.

The memory of Masha, the appeal of the hero to her image, can be compared with the appealing for help to the Virgin Mary.

N. Poznansky notes that the recall from Nabokov is similar to "prayer-shaped conspiracies."

So, the central role in the novel occupies a memoratory. With the help of it, the plot is built, their fate depends on the memories of heroes.

So The memory is a kind of mechanism by which the dynamics in the novel is carried out.

[When writing this section, the article Dmitrienko OA was used. Folklorno - Mythological motifs in the novel Nabokova\u003e // Russian literature, No.4,2007]

The writing

"Masha" is the first work in which
Nabokov (Sirin) immersed in memories
about "lost paradise" (life in pre-revolutionary
Russia) and makes these experiences subject
artistic understanding.
Conflict probably invented yet not to them, this conflict varies
in all Russian literature - the conflict "exceptional"
and "ordinary", "genuine" and "unnecessary." In order to
implement "Eternal" conflict in the novel, we needed special artistic
means, special writer uncommonness. Problem
confrontation in the "Masha" only declare, but does not find
exhaustive solution.
Hero. The first rows of the novel give this unusual hero
in his name: "- Levo Levo ... Lev Glebovich?" - the name claims to
to constantly cause the reaction of others and the response - the hero.
"Language to dislose you can". - "You can, - quite cold confirmed
Ganin ... " This conversation occurs in the elevator. The interlocutor issues him
interpretation of the name: "Lion and Gleb - a complex, rare combination. It is OT
you require dryness, hardness, originality. And in this dubious
subjective interpretation is the element of truth.
Ganin in the novel "shines" from different sides by "third parties"
glances: Hospital Hospital He seems not like others
young people. The hero himself also knows about his exclusivity.
There is a hidden life of Ganin - in the memoirs of the former
life in which Masha loved him. In memories are always
there is a mythological fiction, and concrete images become
a kind of mythic. Such myth is the first
love, happiness and became Masha.
Learning that Masha Live, the hero literally wakes up
in his "Berlin Emigration": "It was not just a memoratory,
and life, much more valid, much more "intensive," - as they write
in newspapers - than the life of the Berlin shadow. It was amazing
roman, developing with genuine, tender care. "
Masha's husband turns out to be Alfers, on the novel - his antagonist.
The author to oppose his Ganin, makes it a vulgar,
and vulgarity of Alferov begins to manifest themselves from the first meeting
his with Ganin is he pushing his name.
About the vulgarity later posts wrote: "Vulgarity includes
not only a collection of ready ideas, but also use stereotypes,
clichés, banalities expressed in broken words. "
Alferov in Nomokov's novel marks an unpleasant smell ("warm,
the sluggish pan is not a completely healthy, elderly man "), external
the view ("there was something in the fancy, sweet-gospel in his features").
Ganin in contrast with him is healthy, young, sports.
Plot. At the time of dating with Alferov, Ganin - Love
communication with Lyudmila who does not make him honor. Lyudmila in the novel is assigned
the role of a voluptuous predator. Roman with Lyudmila is a concession
from the side of the hero to the vulgar world of Berlin life. Ganin dreams
return your lost "paradise", now specifically indicated
in the face of Masha, his beloved in the past, and in the present -
alferov's wives. He refuses his temporary mistress
(Lyudmila) and is going to kidnap Masha in Alferov, but at the same time
makes an ugly, even a sneody deed (drove up the opponent
on the night before the arrival of Masha and translated the clock so that
Alfers could not meet his wife). He himself rushes running on
station to meet Masha himself. But ultimately
he thinks and calmly leaves the platform, where must arrive
train, in one of the cars of which Mashane rides.
End of a dream. The dream of Ganin, which lasted only four days, suddenly
disappeared, disappeared, went into the world of shadows. The shadow of his dream disappeared, dissolved
in real life. His view attracts the roof of under construction
at home. It seems to be a random item, but described in detail, it turns
in a symbol of real life contrasting with a dream
Ganina: "..This yellow brilliance of fresh wood was the most alive
dreams of last. Ganin looked like a lightly sky
roof - and already felt with merciless clarity that his novel
masha ran out forever. He lasted four days - and these
four days were, perhaps, happier sometimes of his life.
But now he has exhausted his memory to the end, he sat down to the end
they, and the image of Masha stayed with a dying old poet
there, in the house of the shadows (in the boarding house), which he himself was already becoming a memory. "
He did not meet Masha and did not feel remorse
conscience. He calmly goes to another station and leaves.
It seems that the ending sounds optimistic, but ... there is some kind of failure
zeachka in the development of the plot and in his ending. Hero during the extent
narration tried to "find paradise", lived a few days memories,
and when these memories had to find flesh
and blood, he refuses "Paradise". It happens because memories
were only a shadow, and the shadow does not have energy, it is not capable
anything to change "And besides this image, another Masha
no, and can not be. "
The last phrase of Roman finally argues that the hero is resolute
refused hope to meet with the past, which,
as life shows, it is already impossible to return. "And when the train
moved, he tried up, bolding in the folds of Makintosha, hanging
from a hook over a wooden bench. "