The most famous and significant paintings of the world painting. The most famous paintings of all times 100 famous people painting
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Magnificent works of art's arts of great masters are able to surprise even people for whom art means little. That is why world name museums are among the most popular attractions that attract millions of visitors a year.
To stand out from a huge number of paintings written in the history of art, the artist needs not just talent, but also the ability to express a unique plot of an unusual and very relevant way for its time.
The pictures presented below loudly declare not only about the talent of their authors, but also about numerous cultural trends that appeared and disappeared, and the most important historical events that have always been reflected in art.
"Birth of Venus"
This picture, written by the grand master of the revival of Sandro Botticelli, depicts the moment of the appearance of the beautiful Venus from the sea foam. One of their most attractive aspects of the picture is a modest pose of the goddess and her simple, but a beautiful face.
"Dogs play poker"
Written by Kassius Kulij in 1903, a series of 16 paintings depicts dogs collected by poker playing around a magazine or playing table. Many critics recognize these pictures by the canonical image of Americans that era.
Portrait of Madame Reamenier
This portrait written by Jacques-Louis David, depicts a brilliant secular diva in a contrast minimalist and simple setting, dressed in a simple white sleeveless dress. This is a vivid example of neoclassicism in portrait art.
№5
This famous picture written by Jackson Pollock is the most iconic work that brightly depicts all the chaos that raged in the soul and the mind of the midfield. This is one of the most expensive work ever sold by the American artist.
"Son of Man"
The "Son of Man", written by Renie Magritte, is a kind of self-portrait depicting the artist himself in a black suit, but with an apple instead of face.
"Number 1" ("Royal Red and Blue")
This is a fairly fresh work written by Mark Rotko, no more than a stroke of three different shades on handmade canvas. Currently, the picture is exhibited at the Institute of Arts in Chicago.
"Beating innocent"
On the basis of the biblical history about the murder of innocent babies in Bethlehem, Peter Paul Rubens created this terrible and cruel picture that affects the emotions of everyone who looks at her.
"Sunday day on the island of Grand-Zhatt"
Created by George sulfur, this unique and very popular picture depicts a relaxed day off atmosphere in a big city. Such painting is an excellent example of Pointilism, which combines into one entire set of points.
"Dance"
"Dance" Henri Matissea is an example of a style called Formism, which is distinguished by bright, practically unnatural colors and forms and high dynamics.
"American Gothic"
"American Gothic" is a work of art, ideally symbolizing the image of Americans during the Great Depression. In this picture, Grant Wood depicted a strict, probably a religious pair, standing against a simple house with windows in the Gothic style.
"Loader of flowers"
This picture of the most popular Mexican painter of the twentieth century - Diego River, depicts a person who barely carries a basket overloaded with bright tropical flowers.
"Mother Whistler"
Also known as "arrangement in gray and black. Mother of the artist", this is one of the most famous paintings of the American artist James Whistler. In this picture, Whistler depicted his mother sitting on a chair, against a gray wall. The picture uses only black and gray shades.
"The Persistence of Memory"
This is a cult work of no less religious Salvador Dali, famous for the entire world of the Spanish surrealist, who has given this movement to advanced arts.
Portrait of Dara Maar.
Pablo Picasso is one of the most popular and influential Spanish painters. He is the founder of the styled in his time, called Cubism, who seeks to crush any object and transfer it to clear geometric shapes. This picture is the first portrait in the style of cubism.
"Portrait of an artist without beard"
This picture of Van Gogh is a self-portrait, and unique because it depicts a painter without a habitual beard. In addition, this is one of the few paintings by Van Gogh, which were sold in private collections.
"Night terrace cafe"
Winged Van Gogh written by Vincent, this picture depicts the usual sight is completely new, using surprisingly bright colors and unusual forms.
"Composition VIII"
Vasily Kandinsky is recognized as the founder of abstract art - style that uses forms and symbols instead of the usual items and people. "Composition VIII" is one of the first paintings painted exclusively in this style.
"Kiss"
One of the first artistic works in the Art Nouveau style, this picture is almost completely fulfilled in gold tones. The picture of Gustav Clima is one of the brightest pieces of style.
"Ball in Moulin de la Gaette"
Piece Pierre Renuara Pierre is a bright and dynamic image of urban life. In addition, it is one of the most expensive paintings in the world.
"Olympia"
In the picture "Olympia", Edward Mana created this contradiction, practically scandal, as a naked woman with a close look is clearly a mistress, not veiled by myths of the classical period. This one of the early work in the style of realism.
"The third of May 1808 in Madrid"
In this work, Francisco Goya portrayed Napoleon's attack on the Spaniards. This is one of the first Spanish paintings that draw war in negative light.
"Menins"
The most famous picture of Diego Velasquez depicts a five-year-old infanta Margarita against the background of her parents written by Velasquez.
"Portrait of Arnolphin Fours"
This picture is one of the oldest works of painting. She was written by Jan Van Eykom and depicts an Italian businessman Giovanni Arnolphini and his pregnant wife in their home in Brugge.
"Creek"
The picture of the Norwegian artist Edward Minka is depicting a person distorted by fear on the background of a bloody-red sky. Landscape in the background adds a gloomy charm this picture. In addition, Creek is one of the first paintings made in the style of expressionism, where realism is minimized to ensure more freedom for emotions.
"Sweets"
"Sweatshirts" written by Claude Monet are part of a series of 250 paintings depicting elements of the artist's own garden. These paintings are exhibited in various artistic museums of the world.
"Starlight Night"
"Star Night" Van Gogh is one of the most famous images in modern culture. It is currently exposed to the Museum of Contemporary Art in New York.
"Fall of Ikara"
This picture, written by the Dutch artist Peter Breighele, shows the indifference of a person to suffering from his neighbors. A strong social theme is shown here in a pretty simple way, using the image of the ICAR, drowning under water, and people who ignore His suffering.
"Creation of Adam"
"Creation of Adam" is one of the several magnificent Mokelangelo fresco, adorning the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican Palace. It shows the creation of Adam. In addition to the image of the ideal human forms, the fresco is one of the first in the history of the art of attempts to portray God.
"Last Supper"
This fresco of the Great Leonardo depicts the last dinner of Jesus to his betrayal, arrest and death. In addition to the composition, forms and paints, the discussion of this fresco is Pepit theories about hidden symbols and the presence of Mary Magdalen next to Jesus.
"Gernik"
"Gernik" Picasso depicts the explosion of the Spanish city of the same name during the Spanish Civil War. This is a black and white picture, negatively depicting fascism, Nazism and their ideas.
"Girl with pearl earring"
This picture of Johannes Vermeer is often called the Dutch Mona Lisa, not only because of its extraordinary popularity, but also because the expression on the face of the girl is difficult to catch and explain.
"Decoration of John the Baptist"
Picture of Caravaggio very realistic portraits the moment of killing John the Baptist in prison. It is filtered with the paintings and expressions of her characters make it a true classic masterpiece.
"The night Watch"
"Night Watch" is one of the most famous paintings of Rembrandt. It depicts a group portrait of a rifle company led by its officers. The unique aspect of the picture is to be seed, which gives the impression of the night scene.
"Athens School"
Written by Raphael in his early Roman period, this fresco depicts famous Greek philosophers, such as Plato, Aristotle, Euclidean, Socrates, Pythagoras and others. Many philosophers are depicted in the form of contemporaries of Rafael, for example, Plato - Leonardo da Vinci, Heraclit - Michelangelo, Euclidean - Bramte.
"Mona Lisa"
Probably the most famous picture in the world is "Dzokonda" Leonardo da Vinci, better known as "Mona Lisa". This canvas is the portrait of Mrs. Gerardini, attracting the attention of the mysterious expression of the face.
Thursday, December 8, 2016 11:56 + in quote
British newspaper The Timesamounted to Rating 200 best artistswho lived in the period from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day.
As a result, according to British readers, first place took the great Spanish artist Pablo Picasso.
Second place Divided by postpressionist Field Cesannu, the third is the founder of the Austrian Modern Gustav Klimt.. The last line is engaged in modern Japanese artist Hiroshi Sudage.
French artists appear in the top ten Claude Monet, Henri Matisse, Marseille Dushan And the American artist Jackson Pollock.
Dozen closure a legend of pop art Andy Warhole, Representative of abstractionism Villem de Kuning and famous modernist Pete Mondrian.
It is impossible not to notice the overestimation of the rating of some artists and ignoring others, no less talented. Editorial on The Times, summing up the survey, is perplexed: "What does Martin Kippenberger Martin Kippenberger? Why is it estimated above than Rotko, shoe and glue? Did Munch (46th place) worse Freda Calo? Most likely, this is explained by the desire of women to put a fine sex representative as high as possible in the ranking.
From Russian artistsin the ranking appear Basil Kandinsky (15th), Creator "Black Square "Casimir Malevich (17th). 95th noted Ukrainian-American artist Alexander Archookovenko. 135th - one of the founders of constructivism Alexander Rodchenko. Also got into the list Mark Shagal-71th, and Vladimir Tatlin. - 145th.
Here 20 best artists of the 20th century, according to British art lovers
Twenty of the best artists of the XX and early XXI century
1. Pablo Picasso
2. Paul Cesanne
3. Gustav Klimt
4. Claude Monet
5. Marseille Dushan
6. Henri Matisse
7. Jackson Pollock
8. Andy Warhol.
9. Villem de Cuning
10. Pete Mondrian
11. Paul Gogen
12. Francis Bacon
13. Robert Raushenberg
14. George Marriage
15. Vasily Kandinsky
16. Konstantin Brankuzy
17. Kazimir Malevich
18. Jasper Jones
19. Frieda Kalo
20. Martin Kippenberger
………………
Yes, if such a survey was conducted with us, the list would be completely different. As well, the lists of the best literary works - in each country they differ significantly.
But while we only have this list in which many artists do not know.
Therefore, here is a brief story about the first twenty artists.
And full list 200 best artists of the XX and early XXI century- At the end of the post.
...................
1.Picasso Pablo - Spanish artist, schedule
8. Andy Warhol. (real name - Andrew Varchol., Rusin. Andriy Vargola; 1928-1987) - American artist and producer, a noticeable person in the history of pop art a and contemporary art as a whole. The founder of the ideology "Homo Universale".
Warhol has created several paintings that have become a sensation in the world of art. In 1960, he created a design for Coca-Cola cans, which brought him the fame of the artist with an extraordinary vision of art. And in 1960-1962 there was a cycle of works with the image of tin cans of Soup Campbell. 
Warhol. One of the first applied screen printing and silk screen as a method for creating paintings.
Warhol created a number of paintings, which depicted the idols of modern society. Among the stars that Andy painted: repeated Marilyn Monroe, Elizabeth Taylor, Beatles, Michael Jackson, Lenin and others. These drawings in bright colors have become a "calling card" of Warhol. Recreecting the atmosphere of America of the 60s. 
According to critics, these paintings reflected vague culture of mass consumption, the mentality of Western civilization. Warhol is counted to Pop Art and Conceptual Arts, such as Robert Raushenberg, Jasper Jones and Roy Liechtenstein. In the present, the prices of his paintings reach tens of millions of dollars. A whole subculture has gathered around the Figure Warhol.
In 2015, the picture was sold to the Qatar Museum Office for $ 300 million. 287 \\ 237 \\ 225
12.Francis Bacon- (1909-1992) - English artist expressionist. Bacon painting is always expressive, it is a kind of cry that transmits the tragedy of existence. The main theme of his work is the human body - distorted, elongated, enclosed in geometric shapes. Several works are included in the list of the most expensive paintings.
On May 14, 2008, Triptych "Landmark of the Canonical 20th Century" Francis Bacon 1976 sold at Sotby auction for 86.3 million dollars. Family from the Mui family, owners of the production of wine Château Pétrus, the Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich. And the painter received the title of the most expensive post-war artist and hit the third place in the top ten most expensive artists in the world in general, losing only Picasso and Clima. 180 \\ 122 \\ 96
13.robert Raushenberg. (1925, Port Arthur -2008, Captiva Island, Florida) - American artist. A representative of abstract expressionism, and then conceptual art and pop art, in his works, for the technique of collage and redired, used trash.
Like other representatives of pop art, he tried to express his vision of the world in unusual shocking forms. To do this, the canvas, collages, installations were used.
In the early 50s, Rauschenberg passed through three stages of creating picturesque works:
"White painting" - on a white background, black numbers and some characters are depicted.
"Black painting" - pieces of newspapers stuck on the cloth, and all this was covered with black enamel.
"Red painting" - abstract canvas in red colors partly with stickers from newspapers, nails, photos, etc.
In 1953, Raushenberg Star Figure Willem De Kuning and put it under the name "Stretch Drawing De Kuning", touched upon the nature of the nature of art. 
From the mid-50s Raushenberg creates spatial objects that call "combined patterns", for example:
"Odalisk" (Satin Pillow, Scarecrow Chicken, Photos and Reproductions)
"Bed" - block, sprawled paint and set up vertically ... 
At the end of the 50s, mastered the filter technique (rubbing, introduced into the art of Max Ernst) to transfer magazine photos on paper. Rauschenberg used it to create a graphic cycle of 34 illustrations to the "Adu" Dante in the style of pop art. In 1962, he mastered the silkographic technique and created a number of large works in it. One of the paintings of this series " Path in the sky» ( Skyway., 1964). On it, pop cultural symbols (for example, American astronauts) are adjacent to the images of Rubens.
Raushenberg is the owner of many awards, including: the main prize at the Venetian Biennale, Grammy, the US National Medal, the Imperial Prize of Japan and others.
In the 60s and 70s, Raushenberg was involved in the sphere of performances, heptening and other theatrical shares.
1 Pablo Picasso 21587
2 Paul Cezanne 21098
3 Gustav Klimt 20823
4 Claude Monet 20684
5 Marcel Dusymp 20647
6 Henry Matisse 17096
7 Jackson Pollock 17051
8 Andy Warhol 17047
9 Villem de Cuning 17042
10 Pete Mondrian 17028
11 Paul Gaug 17027
12 Francis Bacon 17018
13 Robert Raushenberg 16956
14 Georges Marriage 16788
15 Vasily Kandinsky 16055
16 Konstantin Brankuzі 14224
17 Casimir Malevich 13609
18 Jasper Jones 12988
19 Frida Kalo 12940
20 Martin Kippenberger 12784
21 Paul Klee
22 Egon Shile
23 Donald Judd
24 Bruce Nauman
25 Alberto Dzhacometty
26 Salvador Dali
27 Auguste Roden.
28 Mark Rotko
29 Edward Hopper
30 Lucian Freud.
31 Richard Serra
32 Rene Magritt
33 David Hokney
34 Philip Gaston
35 Geri Cartier Bresson 8779
36 Pierre Bonnar
37 Jean-Michel Baskia
38 Max Ernst
39 Diana Arbus
40 Georgia O'Kef.
41 Sai Tublby
42 Max Bekmann
43 Barnet Newman
44 George de Kiriko
45 Roy Liechtenstein 7441
46 Edward Munk
47 Pierre August Renoir
48 MN REY.
49 Henry Mur.
50 Cindy Sherman
51 Jeff Kuns.
52 Tracy Emin
53 Demin Hurst
54 Yves Klein
55 Henry Russo
56 Haim Soutin
57 Archil Gorki
58 Amadeo Modigliani
59 Umberto Bocchioni
60 Jean Dubuloff
61 Eva Hessse
62 Edward Villard
63 Karl Andre.
64 Juan Gras
65 Lucio Fontana
66 Franz Klin.
67 David Smith
68 Josef Bois
69 Alexander Cauder
70 Louise Bourgeois
71 Mark Shagal
72 Gerhard Richter.
73 Baltus
74 Joan Miro
75 Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
76 Frank Stella
77 Georg Baselitz
78 Francis Picabia
79 Jenny Savil
80 Dan Flavin
81 Alfred Stiglitz
82 Anselm Kifer
83 Matthew Bernie
84 Georges Gros.
85 Bernd and Hill Becher
86 Zigmar Polka
87 Bryce Mard
88 Maurizio Katell
89 Sol Levitt
90 chuck clow 2915
91 Edward Weston
92 Joseph Cornell
93 Karel Appel
94 Bridget Riley
95 Alexander Ariphenko
96 Anthony Karo.
97 Richard Hamilton
98 Clifford Still
99 Luke Tuimans
100 class of Áldenburg
101 Eduardo Luigi Paolotski
102 Frank Auerbach
103 Dinos and Jake Chepman
104 Marlene Dumas
105 Anton Tapies
106 Georgeo Morandi
107 Walker Evans
108 Nan Goldin
109 Robert Frank
110 Georges Ruo
111 Arp Hans
112 August Sender
113 James Rosenquist
114 Andreas Gursky
115 Eugent Atge
116 Jeff Wall
117 Ellsworth Kelly
118 Bill Brandt.
119 Cristo and Jean-Claude
120 Howard Hodgkin
121 Joseph Albers.
122 Piero Mandzoni
123 Agnes Martin
124 Anish Kapar
125 L. S. Lowry
126 Robert Motherwell
127 Robert Delone
128 Stewart Devis
129 Ed Rusha
130 Gilbert and George 2729
131 Walls Spencer
132 James Eneser
133 Fernard Ledger
134 Brassey (Dul Halas)
135 Alexander Rachenko
136 Robert Riman
137 ED Rindhard
138 Hans Belmer
139 IZ Genzken
140 kees van dongen
141 Oyji.
142 Paula Roeg.
143 Thomas Hart Benton
144 Hans Hoffman.
145 Vladimir Tatlin
146 Odilon Redon
147 George Segal
148 YORG namedorf
149 Robert Smithson
150 Peter Doyag 2324
151 ED and Nancy Kinholz
152 Richard Prince
153 Ansel Adams
154 Naum Gabo 2256
155 Diego Rivera 2239
156 Barbara Hepworth 2237
157 Nikola de Stelle 2237
158 Walter de Maria 2229
159 Felix Gonzalez Torres 2228
160 Jacomo Ball 2225
161 Ben Nikalon 2221
162 Anthony Hormones 2218
163 Lionel Feaninger 2216
164 Emil Nolde 2213
165 Mark Wallinger 2211
166 Herman Nitssch 2209
167 Paul Signac 2209
168 Jean Tigley 2209
169 Kurt Shvitters 2209
170 Grayson Perry 2208
171 Julian Snabel 2208
172 Ramon Dushan-Wiyon 2208
173 Robert Gober 2208
174 Duane Hanson 2208
175 Richard Dibencorn 2207
176 Apex Catz 2207
177 Aligiero Booty 2206
178 Genidier-Brzesca Henri 2206
179 Laslo Mokhoy-Naga 2205
180 Jacques Henri Lartig 2205
181 Robert Morris 2205
182 Sarah Lucas 2204
183 Jannis Kunellis 2204
184 Chris Barden 2204
185 Otto Dix 2203
186 David Bomberg 2203
187 Physley and Weiss 2203
188 Ogastes John 2203
189 Marsden Hartley 2203
190 Takashi Murakami 2203Reting
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There are works of art that seem to beat the viewer on the head, silent and amazing. Others are delayed in thought and in search of semantic layers, secret symbolism. Some paintings are sheaven by secrets and mystical riddles, while others surprise an exorbitant price.
We carefully viewed all the main achievements in world painting and chose two dozen more strange paintings from them. Salvador Dali, whose works completely fall under the format of this material and are the first to come to mind, did not intentionally included in this selection.
It is clear that "oddity" is a fairly subjective concept and for everyone there is their amazing paintings, knocking out of a number of other works of art. We will be glad if you share them in the comments and tell about them a bit.
"Creek"
Edward Munk. 1893, cardboard, oil, temperatures, pastel.
National Gallery, Oslo.
"Creek" is considered an iconic event of expressionism and one of the most famous paintings in the world.
There are two interpretations of the depicted: it is the hero himself covered by horror and silently shouts silently, pressing his hands to the ears; Or the hero closes the ears from the crying crying of peace and nature around the cry. Munk wrote four options "Cream", and there is a version that this picture is the fruit of a manic depressive psychosis, from which the artist suffered. After the course of treatment in the clinic, Munk was not returned to work on the web.
"I went on a path with two friends. The sun was sake - unexpectedly the sky became bloody-red, I suspended, feeling exhausted, and leaned about the fence - I looked at blood and flame languages \u200b\u200bover a bluish-black fjord and the city. My friends went further, and I stood, trembled from excitement, feeling an endless cry, piercing nature, "Edward Munk said about the history of the painting.
"Where did we come from? Who are we? Where are we going?"
Paul Gajen. 1897-1898, canvas, oil.
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
At the direction of the Mogen itself, the picture should be read right to left - the three main groups of figures illustrate the questions set in the title.
Three women with a child represent the beginning of life; The average group symbolizes the daily existence of maturity; In the final group, according to the artist, "the old woman approaching death seems to be reconciled and preparing his reflections," her legs "a strange white bird ... represents the uselessness of words."
The deep-philosophical picture of the post-functions of the Gaugaen field was written to them on Tahiti, where he escaped from Paris. At the end of the work, he wanted to even end the life of suicide: "I believe that this canice exceeds all my previous ones and that I will never create something better or even similar." He lived for another five years, and it turned out.
"Gernik"
Pablo Picasso. 1937, canvas, oil.
Queen Sofia Museum, Madrid.
"Gernika" presents scenes of death, violence, atrocities, suffering and helplessness, without specifying their direct reasons, but they are obvious. They say that in 1940 Pablo Picasso was called to Gestapo in Paris. Speech immediately went about the picture. "Did you do it?" "No, you did it."
The huge cloth-fresco "Gernika", written by Picasso in 1937, talks about the tax of the volunteer division of Luftwaffe to the city of Herront, as a result of which the sixdiest city was completely destroyed. The picture was written literally for the month - the first days of work on the picture Picasso worked for 10-12 hours, and in the first sketches you could see the main idea. This is one of the best illustrations of the nightmare of fascism, as well as human cruelty and grief.
"Portrait of Arnolphin Fours"
Jan Van Eyk. 1434, wood, oil.
London National Gallery, London.
The famous painting is entirely filled with symbols, allegories and a variety of references - up to the signature "Yang Van Eyk was here", which turned the picture not just into the work of art, and in the historical document confirming the reality of the event on which the artist was present.
Portrait of presumably Giovanni di Nikolao Arnolphin and his wife is one of the most difficult works of the Western School of Painting of the Northern Renaissance.
In Russia, in the past few years, the picture has gained great popularity thanks to the portrait similarity of Arnolphin with Vladimir Putin.
"Demon Sitting"
Mikhail Vrubel. 1890, canvas, oil.
State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow.
"Hands oppose to him"
Bill Stonehem. 1972.
This work, of course, cannot be counted for the masterpieces of world painting, but the fact that it is strange is a fact.
Around the painting with a boy, doll and palms, pressed against the glass, go legends. From "because of this picture dying" to "the children on it are alive." It looks like a painion and terrible, which creates a lot of fears and speculations in people with a weak psyche.
The artist assured that he himself was depicted at the age of five, that the door is the representation of the dividing line between the real world and the world of dreams, and the doll is a conductor who can spend the boy through this world. Hands represent alternative lives or opportunities.
The picture gained fame in February 2000, when it was put up for sale on eBay with the background, telling that the picture is "with ghosts". "Hands oppose to him" bought for $ 1025 Kim Smith, which was then simply littered with letters with terrible stories and the demands to burn the picture.
100 great paintings (part 1)
The Great Cloths are always a mirror of time, which is the complex allegorical form either enjoyed their artist. Not every picture is clear to the viewer at a glance, some of them require close attention, understanding, certain training and knowledge.
We want on our site not only to tell about the most famous works of world painting, but provide an opportunity for everyone to order a qualitative reproduction on a natural canvas, who liked the masterpiece.
Yana Van Eyka (1390-1441) It is customary to consider the largest Netherlands painter of the XV century, which put the beginning of a realistic tradition in altar painting. Right from a small Dutch town on the Maas River, he in 1422, being a respected master, he entered the service to Count John Bavarian and up to 1424 participated in the works of decorating the Count Palace in the Hague. In 1425, Wang Ayke moved to Lille, where he became the court painter of the Burgundian Duke Philip III of the Good. At the courtyard of the Duke, who highly appreciated the artist, he not only wrote pictures, but also performed many diplomatic instructions, repeatedly leaving in Spain and Portugal.
In 1431, Van Eyk moved to Brugge, where he lived until the end of his days, performing work and as a court painter, and as an artist of the city. The largest number of things that came to us were written by the master at the time when he was in the service of the Duke of Burgundy.
One of the most famous works of Wang Enyk, the portrait of the Arnolphin couple, is located in the collection of the London National Gallery. In a picture depicting the wedding ceremony of two rich young people, the artist found a place for several characters - for example, for a dog, located at the legs of the newlywed, the symbol of loyalty. In a round mirror hanging on the wall in the depths of the composition, there are two-wedliness, witnesses of the marriage. In one of them, the artist portrayed himself, what the inscription above the mirror says. Newlywed artist performed in growth. The painter lovingly depicts things surrounding newlyweds. These items report a lot about the lifestyle of their owners, emphasizing their Burgers virtues - thrift, modesty, love for order.
The picture content described above is only the most common version, but for some researchers another is attractive: it is a self-portrait of the artist. Back in 1934, the famous Austrian art historian Erwin Panofsky suggested that the picture shows not marriage, but the engagement. In addition, it was found that Giovanni Arnolphin and his wife was not, and the woman shown in the picture is clearly waiting for the addition of the family. And Margarita Van Eyk (artist's sister) was given by the Son on June 30, 1434.
So who is the hero of the picture? Or is it, really, a family scene, and not at all a bitch portrait? Until now, the question remains open ...
Van Eyk introduces the viewer to the privacy of people, showing the beauty of everyday life. By this, he opened new, realistic possibilities of visual art, fully implemented only in the XVII century, when many similar paintings were created in Holland.
This is the greatest creation of the artist, as well as his "Spring", three hundred and more years were in a deep oblivion in a quiet villa Castello in the vicinity of Florence. The picture was noticed only in the middle of the last century, when the painters of Prerafaelites Milles and Rossetti re-opened Botticelli as one of the rarest talents of Italy XV century.
"Birth of Venus" was written for Lorenzo di Pierrechic Medici, Cousin Lorenzo magnificent and the most important patron of Botticelli. Florence, where the artist conducted almost all his life, was managed by the powerful family of Medici. The plot of the paintings is associated with the culture of the court Lorenzo Medici, imbued with the philosophy of neoplatonism. This time of the Polyciano and Sonyets of Lorenzo magnificent, the time of tournaments and carnival processions was the time of the heyday of Botticelli.
In the "birth" Sandro Botticelli depicted the image of the Uranian Aphrodite - Heavenly Venus, daughters of uranium born from the sea without a mother. The picture captured not so much the birth of how much the moment that followed when the breathing of the geniuses of the air, Venus reaches the promised shore. The beauty of the nude figure is crowned by Nympho, which is the incarnation of nature, she is ready to cover it with a cloak. Ora is one of the three mountains, the nymph of the time of the year. This mountain, judging by its clothes covering her, patronizing the time of the year, when the power of Venus reaches the vertices. Perhaps this picture of the artist inspired one of Homer's hymns, which describes how Marshmallow, the God of the West Wind, brought to the island of Cyprus Venus, where the mountains took it.
According to the ideas of the Mug Lorenzo Medici Venus, the Goddess of Love, is also the goddess of humanity. It is she who teaches people to reason, valor, she is a mother of harmony, born from the Union of Matter and Spirit, Nature and Ideas, Love and Soul.
The world's most famous picture, "Mona Lisa", the creation of Leonardo da Vinci, is located in Louvre.
"Mona Lisa" was created between 1503 and 1506 and finally improved in 1510. Until now, it remains unclear who exactly posed the Great Master. An artist received an order from France-Ko del Jokondo, the Florentine Silk Trader, and most historians and art historians believe that Lisa Gerardini is captured in the portrait, Jocondo's wife, who ordered a portrait in honor of the birth of their second son, which appeared in December 1502. Nevertheless, there are already 500 years of disputes about who is really depicted at this famous picture.
The word "Mona" is likely the abbreviated form from Monsna or Mia Donna, that is, Milady or Madame. In French, it is called "La Joconde", and in Italian - "La Gioconda" (fun), but this is only a game of words, a coincidence with the name of the one that served as a prototype of paintings.
The portrait is an excellent sample of the favorite technique of Leonard, the so-called spumato - "smoky lighting", a gentle sewer with a soft gamut of tones, which like a slightly smeared and smoothly move one to another. At the same time, Leonardo denotes the corners of the mouth and eyes with such accuracy and grace that the picture acquires truly fantastic quality.
Some researchers argue that the picture is a self-portrait of Leonardo himself, who gave his appearance for women's features or even the traits of hermaphrodite. And indeed, if the image of Mona Lisa remove the hair, it will be a strange punish face. This hypothesis was confirmed by the work done by independent researchers - Lilian Schwartz from Belle Labs laboratory and Digby Kesta from the London Clinic of Modsley, who confirmed the hypothesis that Leonardo could portray himself in the image of Mona Lisa. The researchers have compared with the help of special computer programs "Monu Lisa" and Self-portrait Leonardo, made when he was already at the point of mind. The result was striking. "Mona Lisa" turned out to be hardly a mirror reflection of the face of the Great Master. Almost all the features of the face perfectly coincided, including the tip of the nose, lips and eyes.
In 1911, Monu Lizu stole Italian Vincenzo Perugia from Louvrey, who worked in the museum of the joiner. He just made a picture of the gallery, hiding her under the clothes. The famous painting was found only in 1913, when the kidnapper tried to sell it to a certain collector. Before that, Leonardo's masterpiece was kept in a suitcase with a double bottom. The dedicated attacker explained to the fact that I wished to return a picture to Italy taken by illegally Napoleon Bonaparte.
From the book of Robert Kamming "Great Artists":
"Wide-known as" Dresden Venus ", this picture was extremely original, not having analogues in the art of classical antiquity. The work demonstrates the interest of the artist to the new ideal of beauty, where the poetic mood prevails over rational content.
This lying naked has become one of the most popular images of European painting. Georgeon depicts a shape of a sleeping tree under a tree with closed eyes, immersed in dreams and unsuspecting what is observed behind her. Almost all later variations are depicted on this topic. In particular, Mane in his "Olympia" depicted "Venus" offering sexual services.
Soft shades and rounded forms of Venus talk about the effect of Leonardo da Vinci, it is guessed and in solving the drapery folds. "Dresden Venus" was written in one damnation in the "Mono Liza" - and both immediately spawned many copies and imitations.
Skilly transmitted lights and glare on luxurious drapery demonstrate the master's master's master's master's painting technique.
Smooth body contours strengthen the feeling of deep sleep and, as it were, they would be invited to stick look.
The erotic nature of the image indicates that the picture was ordered for a personal bedroom.
X-ray pictures and recording of the restorers of the XIX century show that initially Georgeon depicted (or was going to portray) on the right side of the Cupid figure.
According to rumors, Georgeon did not have time to end the picture in life, and it is believed that the order for completing the landscape was given to Titian. The "multilayer" landscape and blue hills on the horizon are characteristic of the early manner of Titian. The premature death of the opponent contributed to the climbing of the star of Titian. "
I. Bosch turned out to be a very difficult artist, even now there is no steady point of view on the interpretation of plots and individual images of his paintings.
For medieval artists (as well as for their audience), all items and phenomena had a symbolic meaning, each item received its symbolic interpretation based on the texts of the Bible. So, for example, based on the phrase: "The Word of God is strong, as a lion," Lion considered the symbol of the All-Fivotian Faith, because the figures of Lviv are decorated with the portals of many Romanesque cathedrals in France, and in Italy, the sculptors of the XIII-XIV centuries put lions at the foot of the church departments . Creativity Bosch, maybe also therefore difficult in our time for direct perception, that the artist, in addition to traditional medieval symbols (all known), used another symbolism - less studied and difficult to decipher.
The artistic language of Bosch never stacked entirely in medieval symbolic interpretations. The artist often used certain symbols in the value convertible to the generally accepted, and also invented new symbols. Maybe therefore, he was called a "gloomy scarlet", "honorary professor of nightmares", but modern surrealists saw in Bosche of their spiritual father and the forerunner. Here, for example, one of these scenes. Love couple retired in a transparent bubble. A little higher, the young man hugs a huge owl, the right of the bubble in the middle of the pool, in the water, another man stands on his head, spreading his legs, between which the birds are whining the nest. Not far from Him, the young man who dried out his beloved from the pink hollow apple, feeds the people standing on the neck in the water by the monstrous grape cluster. This is the "Garden of Rasomy Garden" - one of the most famous paintings by Jerome Bosch.
His triptych "Garden of the Rasosas", or "Garden of pleasure" (it is often referred to as the most "Bosshovsky" work), Jerome Bosch created in 1503, and in it his peculiar vision of the world was fully manifested. The name of the picture is already given in modern literature, and in the second half of the XVI century, when she fell into the ownership of King Philip II, it was called "the diversity of the world", in the XVII century she had the name "vanity and glory".
On the left side of this triptych, Paradise is depicted, on the right - hell, and between them the image of the earth existence, the left side of the Garden of Destinations, depicts the scene of the "Creation of Eva", and the paradise itself shines and transfers with bright, sparkling paints. Against the background of the fantastic landscape of Paradise. Filled with various animals and plants, the master shows the awakening Adam just that awakened Adam raised from the ground and in amazement looks at Eve, which God shows him. Famous art critic Sh. De Tolnai notes that a surprised look, which Adam throws on the first woman, is a step towards sin. And Eva, extracted from Adam's edge, is not just a woman, but also an instrument of seduction. The contradiction between a relaxed and sinless man and the seeds of sin's seeds is reproduced in the surrounding nature. Grown on a mysterious orange cliff, a stupid palm tree diagonally opposite to the palm tree. Several incidents discard the gloomy shadow and on the peaceful life of animals: the lion devours a deer, the wild boar pursues a mysterious beast. And over all this, the source of life is towers - a hybrid of plants and a marble cliff, soaring gothic design, installed on dark blue stones of a small island. At the very top of it - while still nearly noticeable crescents, but already from the inside it looks like, like a worm, Owl - Bulletin of misfortune.
The central part of Triptych is the actual "Garden of Rasomy Garden" - depicts a grand landscape covered by nude figures of men and women with human figures Mixed the beasts of unnatural proportions, birds, fish, butterflies, algae, huge flowers and fruits. In the composition "Garden of the Ground Garden" stand out Three plan: In the foreground, the "various joys" is shown, the second busy by the cavalcade of numerous riders who are going on a variety of animals, the third (the furthest) is marked with a blue sky where people fly on the winged fish and with their own wings seemingly on the background This landscape can not be chastener of love games of human couples, but, like psychoanalysis (Psychiatrist R. Haikin offered to even hold a psychopathological analysis of creativity I. Bosch), the dreams of that time open the true importance of these earthly pleasures: cherries, strawberries, strawberries and grapes , with such joy eaten by people, symbolize sinful sexuality, devoid The light of Divine Love; A boat-apple in which lovers will prevent, the form resembles a female breast; Birds become the personification of lust and debauchery, fish - a symbol of restless lust, the shell is a female start.
At the bottom of the picture, the young man hugged a huge strawberry. The meaning of this image will be understood by us if we recall that in the Western European art, the earthquake served as a symbol of purity and virginity. The scene with grape cluster in the pool is a communion, and a giant pelican, picked up on a long beak cherry (sensuality symbol) teases by her people sitting in a fantastic flower bud himself. Pelican symbolizes love for neighbor. Symbols of Christian art The artist often gives a particularly sensual sound, redundant them into a material and body plan
Jerome Bosch creates an amazing imagination of the world of ephemeral desires and sensual pleasures: Aloe is dug into nude flesh, the coral firmly captures the bodies, the sink slams and turns a love couple in his prisoners. In the tower of adultery, which rises from the Lucky Love and the yellow-orange walls of which is sparkled like a crystal, deceived husbands are sleeping among the horns. The glass sphere of the steel color, in which lovers indulge in caressing, is crowned with a crown of crescent and pink marble horns. Sphere and a glass bell, covering three sinners, illustrate the Dutch proverb. "Happiness and glass - as they are short-lived!". And they are the symbols of the heretical nature of sin and those hazards that he carries into the world
Triptych's right sash - blood pressure - dark, dark, disturbing, with separate outbreaks of light piercing the night MGLU, and with sinners who are tormented by some kind of giant musical instruments. In the center of hell there is a huge figure of Satan, this is a kind of "guide" on the hell - the chief "narrator" with a loss-pale face and an ironic smile on thin lips. His legs are hollow tree trunks, and they are relying on two vessels. The body of Satan is an open eggshell, on the fields of his hat demons and witch whether they walk, whether they dance with sinful souls ... or they are driving around a huge flouse (the symbol of the male start) of people who are oppressed in unnatural sin. sins: one sinner crucified, piercing his harp strings; Next to him, a red-made demon spends a diversity of the hellish orchestra on notes written in the buttocks of another sinner. In a high chair sits a demon, punishing rzhor and westering. He shoved his legs into beer jugs, and a pot on his bird his heads. And he punishes sinners, devouring them.
Hell's sash represents the third stage of the fall, when the Earth itself turned into hell. Items previously served as sin now turned into guns. These chimeras of unclean conscience have all the specific values \u200b\u200bof sexual dream symbols. Hare (in the picture he surpasses its size of a person) in Christianity was the symbol of the immortality of the soul. Boschu, he plays on the horn and lowers the sinner head down to the hellish fire. Giant ears serve as an alleged misfortune. A huge key attached to a monk, gives the desire of the latter to marriage, prohibited for representatives of the clergy. Inside the monster is a tavern, over which the banner is fluttered - all the same hacker. In some distance sits in a state of melancholy man leaning over chaos. If you see the features of the hieronim Bosch himself, then the whole picture can appear in front of the viewer in a different light: the artist himself invented this nightmare, all these agony and flour are committed in his soul. Some historians of art insist on this, for example, said already Sh. De Tolnai. However, Bosch was a deeply religious person, and to put himself in hell, he could not think. Most likely the artist should be sought among those images that are in his paintings light and good, it was not for nothing that he belonged to the Brotherhood of the Virgin.
Our contemporaries of the character "Garden of pleasure" are largely incomprehensible, but for the contemporaries of Bosch (as already mentioned above) they were filled with a deep symbolic meaning. His paintings (including the "Garden of Jasom") often frighten the viewer with unnatural compatibility in one character of the human and animal, living and dead, and at the same time they can amuse. His characters are similar to nightmarish images of the apocalypse and at the same time - on the funny devils of the carnival. However, with all the many interpretations of the meaning of the "Garden of the Ground Garden", none of them can
fully cover all images of the picture.
This altar image is the last of the major works of Rafael dedicated to his favorite theme. Even in the early period of creativity, he turned to the image of Madonna with a baby, every time looking for a new approach. The predominant nature of the genius of Rafael was expressed in the desire for the Divine, to the transformation of earthly, human in the eternal, divine.
It seems that the curtain has just spread and the eyes of believers opened the celestial vision - the cloud of Mary's Virgo with the infant Jesus on his hands. Madonna holds a trusting of the student to her Jesus in maternal carefully and carefully. Rafael's genius seemed to concluded a divine baby into the magic circle, formed by the left hand of Madonna, her hopping cover and the right hand of Jesus. Her view, directed through the viewer, is full of anxious foresight of the tragic fate of the Son. Madonna's face is the embodiment of an antique ideal of beauty in conjunction with the spiritualness of the Christian ideal.
Pope Sikst II, who adopted a martyrdom in 258 AD. And the sainted sainted, asks Mary about intercession for everyone, who prays her before altar. Pose of St. Barbara, her face and a disturbed eye express humility and reverence. In the depths of the picture, in the background, barely distinguishable in the golden haze, the faces of the angels are vaguely guessed, reinforcing the overall elevated atmosphere. Views and gestures of two angels in the foreground facing Madonne. The presence of these winged boys, more resembling mythological amusements, gives the canvas special warmth and humanity.
"Sicstinskaya Madonna" was ordered Raphael in 1512 as an altar image for the chapel of the monastery of St. Sict in Piacense. Pope Julius II, at that time, still Cardinal, collected funds for the construction of the chapel, where the relics of St. Sict and St. Barbara were kept.
In Russia, especially in the first half of the 19th century, the "Sicstinskaya Madonna" Rafael was very revered, enthusiastic lines of such different writers and critics, as V. A. Zhukovsky, V. G. Belinsky, N. P. Ogarev. Belinsky wrote from Dresden V. P. Botkin, sharing his impressions about the "Sicstinian Madonna": "What a nobility, that for the grace of the brush! It is impossible to look! I involuntarily remembered Pushkin: the same nobility, the same grace of expression, with the same rigor of the outlines! No wonder Pushkin loved Raphael so much: he is relative to him by nature. " Two great Russian writers, L. N. Tolstoy and F. M. Dostoevsky, had the Reproductions of the Sicstinian Madonna in their working offices. F. M. Dostoevsky's wife recorded: "Fedor Mikhailovich above all in painting put the works of Raphael and his senior recognition recognized" Sisikstinsky Madonna. "
Carlo Maratty so expressed his surprise in front of Rafael: "If I had a picture of Raphael and I wouldn't know anything about him, if at the same time they said that this is the creation of an angel, I would believe it."
The great mind of Goethe not only appreciated Raphael, but also found a taught expression for his assessment: "He always worked that others just dreamed of creating."
This is true, because Rafael embodied in his works not only the desire for the ideal, but the most ideal, affordable mortal.
From the book "100 great paintings" Ionina N.A.:
Augsburg, where the entire Spanish courtyard and many German princes gathered at the time. In Augsburg, Titian wrote a huge equestrian portrait of Karl V in the morning before the battle, in which the monarch won one of his most brilliant victories. Titian's contemporaries This portrait struck with his surprise: It was strange to see the emperor - a thin cabinet diplomat and melancholic - in the image of a knight and a hero with a spear in his hand, with a raised pick-up, lonely jumping among the fields. But such was the will of the monarch.
In the battle at Mühlberg, this fanatkin of Catholism seemed to be moving in some ecstasy: he did not lead the battle from afar, sitting in stretchers under the protection of fortifications. He suffered forward his troops to the attack and even crossed the dangerous Broad of Elba, fasciating his colonels behind him. This commemorative day and the only heroic act of the emperor and had to perpetuate Titian. The portrait shows not a sullen, silent and patient Karl V, as it is stated in the narratives of contemporaries. This is not Karl, whom he portrayed the same Titian in the portrait, which is now in Munich Pinakotek. This is not a pathetic ruins, not a cunning lukava, not the sad "lord of the Universe," not the son of the insane John and the Luxury Philip ... This is the grandson of the "last knight" - Maximilian, and therefore Titian depicted a separate outbreak in the portrait, and not a whole psychological character.
It was the striking and most brave of all works of Titian. In the reddish fog of spring in the morning, one on an extensive plain stretching to the Hills of Elba, the emperor, chased into a chased and gilded steel, with a raised bombard over a pale and decisive face, gallop leaves from the forest with a forward spear. How spectacular and great ^ looks the rider! But how terrible alone he is in this field. And where it rushed to a beautifully glittering horse. The commanding of the peoples, fire and sword punishing the unfortunate, who fell on the enemies of Armada forces, a man, even the lazy gesture of which could be elevated or destroyed, - tired and lonely depicted in the portrait.
The viewer looks at his such characteristic, volitional face with a sharply outstanding chin, and suddenly clearly distinguishes in the eyes of the emperor scattered sadness, some kind of inner fatigue, which is transmitted to his whole figure and wonder even in the silence race. His appearance gives the impression of an evil spirit, and the vision is capturing the surprise and scares. Even portrait paints enclose something ominous, militant. In the face of Karl V, something terrible, "enjoyed": one in the field, one in the world, one with a broken soul. So I understood and so depicted the chician of the emperor. Perhaps he and -sam was not yet aware of his great fatigue, and the artist showed him his own soul - without embellishment.
Titian in this portrait did not extend his passionism, his scope of solemnity, and fed himself within the borders of the customer's requirements, dwelling to the task with a rare cold for himself. It may be, so some researchers also celebrate in the portrait, and in the emperor's posture, some unfortunate, as on mannequins in the arsenal of old weapons. But the psychological penetration of Titian reached its highest limit in this portrait. According to the confidence of art techniques, this portrait is amazing, in terms of the nature and spirit of the era - nothing can compare with him. It seems that Klio itself is a muse of history - drove in those days by the artist's hand.
Perseus - in Greek mythology, the son of Danai, who suffered from Jupiter when he turned himself into the stream of golden rain. His heroic acts included becklamination of jellyfish, one of the serpentine gorgon, and the salvation of excellent Andromeda from the marine monster. The last topic is a frequent non-coming legend. Perseus is depicted either as a typical hero of classical antiquity, or in the image of a warrior in armor. He holds a rounded sword - the gift of Mercury - and a brilliant shield, handed over to him by Miner, his defender.
Ovid in "Metamorphosis" tells about how Andromeda, the daughter of the Ethiopian king, was chained to a rock on the shore as a victim brought by the sea monster. Perseus, fluttering in the sky, fell in love with her at first glance. He rushed down just in time, killed Monster and freed Andromed. The painting "Perseus and Andromeda" Rubens created at that time when his work was especially emotionally and cheerful. According to the perfection of painting and high execution mastery, this work is one of the artist's masterpieces. And here for Rubens remains the main thing for what a person is born: struggle, victory and love.
Rubens occupied not the feat of the Persea, not the struggle and resistance, and the adequacy about the already accomplished victory, when joyful screams ran away from the coast and all piled a mighty hero. In this picture, Perseus acts as a triumph, a winged goddess Victoria (Glory) with a palm branch and a laurel wreath in the hands of the winner. Persea's apotheosis becomes a celebration of life, no longer overshadled, beautiful and joyful. And this artistic task Rubens permits with such a completeness, with such an exciting force, which still has almost no found. The intensive internal dynamics of each line, each form, their growing rhythm reaches exceptional expressive here. An insurmountable force, burst, like a vortex, from somewhere from the outside, gives the whole composition and whining, as in the whirlpool, movements of a single direction.
S.M.Sandomirsky
Robert Wallace in the book World Leonardo, M., 1997 writes: "Of the two problems with which the authors of the" secret evening "were faced with centuries, the problem of allocating Juda Leonardo decided with the greatest ease. He placed the Judas on the same side of the table as everyone else, but psychologically separated him from other loneliness, which is much more smaster than just physical removal. Gloomy and focused, Judah pulled out from Christ. On it, as if the age-old printing of guilt and loneliness. "
Judas sits with everyone as the apostle in a number of apostles. Lonely Christ, because of the cookie, but who is the least alone, is Judas. Hence his confident power. And there is no guilt, because the conversation in the picture is not about betrayal, but about the salvation of the soul of people, the least concerned about it.
Consider the apostles, although after what they already have nothing to decide.
12 11 10 9 8 7 Christ 1 2 3 4 5 6
Bartholomew John Foma Phillip Matthew
Peter Jacob Simeon
Judas
1. Thoms in the doorway door on a light background. The right brush is compressed, index finger up: "God will not allow such a crime."
2. Jacob with horror looks at the blood of the new Testament beside the wrist. Widely stretched hands and palms constrain the words of Christ and try to protect those standing behind him.
3. Philip presses the fingers to the chest and represented by Molba: "Believe me, on my part it is impossible."
4. Both hands take the words of Christ and the look asks for the 6th: "Is it possible that he says."
5. Simeon with the right palm takes the words of Christ and promotes the 6th.
6.Matfea, both palms are directed to Christ, - he returns his words back: "It is impossible!"
7. John. The fingers are clips and lie on the table, which is a flour, weakness. Sharply swung left, eyes covered. The head is powerless on his shoulder.
8. Peter. The left hand takes the words of Christ and soothes the 7th. In the right hand, the knife - he is ready to kill the traitor.
9. Judah: Sustainable Low Power, conviction in its rightness, determination, energy.
10. Raised palms at the chest level: "Who is the traitor?" The look squeeed on the knife.
11. Right hand on the shoulder of the 10th: He agrees with him. She takes the words of Christ.
12. Bartholomew resolutely stood and ready to act.
In general, the right group of the apostles does not allow betrayal; Left - allows such an opportunity and is determined to show the traitor.
In the way to the left of John, freeing the window - the light of the truth of Christ, and Thomas, being in the window at the level of Christ, but hopes not on himself, but on God; As the 2nd Apostle dropped, as they mixed, confused, the remaining students are given to Leonardo da Vinci, that the ideas of the sacrifice and salvation, the commandments of the new Testament of Christ the apostles - these weak people - will not be a victim in vain. This is the reason for the despondency of Christ. Moreover, the artist himself gives tribute to the high aspiration and the victim of the earthly God.
Today we present twenty paintings that are worthy of attention and recognition. These paintings wrote famous artists, and not only the person who works as art should be known, but also easily mortal people, as art collars our life, aesthetics deepens our view of the world. Give your place in your life art ...
1. "The Last Supper". Leonardo da Vinci, 1495 - 1498
Monumental painting of Leonardo da Vinci, depicting the scene of the last meadure of Christ with his students. Created in 1495-1498 in the Dominican Monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan.
The painting was ordered by Leonardo his patron, the duke of Lodovico Sforza and his wife Beatrice d'Est. The coat of arms of the Sforza painted lines over the painting, formed by the ceiling with three arches. The painting was started in 1495 and was completed in 1498; Work went with breaks. The start of work is not accurate, since "the archives of the monastery were destroyed, and an insignificant part of the documents we have, dating from 1497, when the painting was almost completed."
The painting has become a milestone in the history of the Renaissance: the reproduced depth of the prospects has changed the direction of development of painting of the West.
It is believed that in this picture a lot of secrets and hints are hidden - for example, there is an assumption that the image of Jesus and Judah is written off from one person. When Da Vinci wrote a picture, in his vision, Jesus personified good, while Judas was a very evil. And when the master found "his Judas" (drunkard from the street), it turned out that, according to historians, this drunkard has served as a few years before the prototype for writing the image of Jesus. Thus, it can be said that this picture captured a person in different periods of his life.
2. "Sunflowers". Vincent Van Gogh, 1887
The name of the two cycles of Dutch artist Vincent Van Gogh. The first series is performed in Paris in 1887. It is dedicated to lying colors. The second series was completed in a year, in Arle. She depicts a bouquet of sunflowers in a vase. Two Paris paintings acquired a friend Van Gogh Paul Gajn.
The artist wrote sunflowers eleven times. The first four paintings were created in Paris in August - September 1887. Large cut flowers lie like some kind of outstanding creatures in our eyes.
3. "Ninth Val". Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovskyi?, 1850.
One of the most famous paintings of the Russian artist Marinist Ivan Aivazovsky is kept in the Russian Museum.
The painter depicts the sea after the strongest night storm and people who suffered shipwreck. The rays of the sun illuminate huge waves. The biggest one is the ninth tree - ready to fall on people trying to escape on mast wreckage.
Despite the fact that the ship is destroyed and remained only the mast, people on the mast are alive and continue to fight the elements. The warm tones of the picture make the sea not so harsh and give the viewer the hope that people will be saved.
Created in the 1850 picture "The Ninth Val" immediately became the most famous of all his marine and was acquired by Nikolai I.
4. "Mach nude." Francisco Goya, 1797-1800.
Picture of the Spanish artist Francisco Goya, written around 1797-1800. Makes up a couple with a picture of "Maja Vestida". Pictures depicted Maha - Spanish city and XIII-XIX centuries, one of the favorite objects of the image of the artist. "Mach is nude" is one of the early works of Western art depicting a completely naked woman without mythological or negative connotations.
5. "Flying in Love." Mark Chagall, 1914-1918.
Working on the picture "Above the City" began in 1914, and the last strokes Master of the Master was only in 1918. During this time, Bella from the beloved turned not only to the adorable spouse, but also the mother of their daughter Idis, forever becoming the main museum of the painter. The union of the rich daughter of an offacarious jeweler and a simple Jewish young man, whose father earned a living, unloading herring, otherwise I won't call meleallians, but love was stronger, and overlapping all the conventions. It is this love that wrapped around them, ascending to heaven.
Karina depicts two loves of Shagal - Bella and the dear heart Vitebsk. The streets are presented in the form of houses separated by a high dark fence. Not immediately, the viewer will notice a goat, grazing in the left side of the center of the painting, and a simple man with a navalized pants in the forefront - a soufold from the painter, breaking out of the general context and the romantic mood of the work, but this is all walked ...
6. "Face of war." Salvador Dali, 1940.
The picture of the Spanish artist El Salvador Dali, written in 1940.
The picture was created on the road to the United States. An impressed tragedy flewing in the world, bloodthirsty of politicians, the master starts to work on a steamer. Located in the Museum of Bumanza-Van Beningen in Rotterdam.
Having lost all hope for normal life in Europe, the artist from beloved Paris leaves to America. The war covers the old light and seeks to capture the entire remaining world. The master still does not know that staying in the new world for eight years will make it truly famous, and his work is masterpieces of world painting.
7. "Creek". Edward Munk, 1893
"Creek" (Norv. Skrik) - created in the interval between 1893 and 1910 a series of paintings of the Norwegian artist-expressionist Edward Minka. They depict the human figure screaming in despair on the background of a bloody-red sky and an extremely generalized landscape background. In 1895, Munch created a lithograph on the same plot.
Red, the fiery hot sky covered the cold fjord, which, in turn, gives rise to a fantastic shadow, similar to a northern monster. The stress distorted the space, the lines broke, the colors are not consistent, the prospect is destroyed.
Many critics believe that the plot of the paintings is the fruit of a sick fantasy of a mentally unhealthy person. Someone sees a premonition of an environmental disaster in work, someone solves the question of which Mummy inspired the author to this work.
8. "Girl with a pearl serving." Jan Vermeer, 1665
Picture "Girl with a pearl serving" (Notera. "Het Meisje Met De Parel") was written around 1665. At this time is kept in the Mauritzheis Museum, the city of Hague, the Netherlands, and is a visiting museum card. The picture, which received the nickname of the Dutch Mona Lisa, or Mona Lisa of the North, was written in the Tronie genre.
Thanks to Peter Webber's film "Girl with a pearl serving" 2003, a huge number of people far from painting, learned about the wonderful Dutch artist Jan Vermeer, as well as his most famous painting "Girl with a pearl serving".
9. "Babylonian tower." Peter Bruegel, 1563
Famous picture of the artist Peter Bruegel. The artist created at least two pictures on this plot.
The picture is located - the Museum of Art History, Vienna.
The Bible has a story about how the inhabitants of Babylon tried to build a high tower to get to the sky, but God did so that they spoke in various languages, stopped understanding each other, and the tower remained unfinished.
10. "Algerian women." Pablo Picasso, 1955
"Algerian women" - a series of 15 canvases, created by Picasso in 1954-1955 based on the painting of Ezhen Delacroix; The paintings differ in the assigned artist with the literals from A to O. "Version O" was written on February 14, 1955; For a while, she belonged to the famous American assembly of the art of the 20th century Viktor Gantse.
Pattern Pablo Picasso "Algerian women (version o)" was sold for $ 180 million.
11. "New Planet". Konstantin Jun, 1921
Russian Soviet painter, master landscape, theater artist, theorist of art. Academician Ah USSR. People's Artist of the USSR. Winner of the Stalinist Premium of the first degree. Member WCP since 1951.
This is an amazing, created in 1921 and not at all characteristic of the artist-realista of John, the picture "New Planet" - one of the bright work that was embodied the image of the changes in which the October Revolution was in the second decade of the XX century. New system, a new way and a new way of thinking just the originating Soviet society. What is now waiting for humanity? Bright future? It was not yet thought about it yet, but the fact that Soviet Russia and the whole world enters into the era of change obviously, as well as the rapid birth of a new planet.
12. "Sicstinskaya Madonna". Rafael Santi, 1754
The painting of Raphael, which since 1754 is in the gallery of old masters in Dresden. Belongs to the number of generally accepted vertices of high revival.
Huge size (265? 196 cm, the size of the picture in the Dresden Gallery catalog) was created by Rafael for the Altar of the Church of the Saint Sict Monastery in Piacenz by the order of Julia II. There is a hypothesis that the picture was written in 1512-1513 in honor of the victory over the French, who were invaded in Lombardy during the Italian wars, and the subsequent inclusion of Piacenses in the papal region.
13. "Walking Mary Magdalene." Titian (Tiziano Titshevero), written around 1565
The picture, written in about 1565 by the Italian artist Titian Titshevero. Belongs to the State Hermitage in St. Petersburg. Sometimes the creation date is indicated as "1560s."
The model of the picture was Julia Festin, hitting the artist with a wops casting with gold hair. The finished canvas was very impressed by the duke of Gonzag, and he decided to order his copy. Later Titian, changing the background and the positiveness of the woman, wrote a couple more such work.
14. "Mona Lisa". Leonardo da Vinci, 1503-1505
Portrait of Mrs. Liza Del Jocondo, (Ial. Ritratto Di Monna Lisa del Giocondo) - Painting Leonardo da Vinci, located in the Louvre (Paris, France), one of the most famous works of painting in the world, which is believed to be a portrait of Lisa Gerardini, spouses merchant Florentia Francesco Del Jocondo, written about 1503-1505 .
According to one of the extended versions, "Mona Lisa" - a self-portrait of the artist.
15. "Morning in the Pine Forest", Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich, 1889.
Picture of Russian artists Ivan Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky. Savitsky wrote bears, but the collector Paul Tretyakov Stir his signature, so the picture by the picture often indicates one.
The design of the painting was suggested by Shishkin Savitsky, who later performed as a co-author and depicted the figures of the bear. These bears with some differences in poses and quantities (first there were two of them) appear in the preparatory drawings and sketches. Animals turned out from Savitsky so successfully that he even signed in the picture along with Shishkin.
16. "Did not wait." Ilya Repin, 1884-1888.
Picture of the Russian artist Ilya Repin (1844-1930), written in 1884-1888. She is part of the meeting of the State Tretyakov Gallery.
The picture shown in the XII mobile exhibition is included in the narrative cycle dedicated to the fate of the Russian revolutionary population.
17. "Ball in Moulin de La Gaette", Pierre Auguste Renoir, 1876.
Picture written by the French artist Pierre Auguste Renoir in 1876.
The place where the picture is the Museum of D'Ors. Moulin de la Galette is an inexpensive zucchini on Montmartre, where students and labor youth of Paris gathered.
18. "Star Night". Vincent Van Gogh, 1889 year.
De Sterrennacht. - Picture of the Netherlands artist Vincent Van Gogh, written in June 1889, with a view of the predestal sky over the fictional town from the eastern window of the artist's housing in Saint-Remy de Provence. Since 1941, it is stored in the Museum of Contemporary Art in New York. It is considered one of the best works of Van Gogh and one of the most significant works of Western painting.
19. "Creation of Adam". Michelangelo, 1511.
Michelangelo fresco, written around 1511. The fresco is the fourth of the nine central compositions of the ceiling of the Sicastine Chapel.
"Creation of Adam" is one of the most prominent compositions of the painting of the Sicstinian Chapel. In an infinite space, the God-Father flies, surrounded by overcall angels, with a decisive white tunic. The right hand is stretched toward Adam's hand and almost touch her. Adam's body lying on a green cliff is gradually coming in motion, awakens to life. The whole composition is concentrated on the gesture of two hands. The hand of God gives the impulse, and Adam's hand takes it, giving all the body of vital energy. The fact that their hands do not come into contact, Michelangelo stressed the impossibility of the uniform of the Divine and Human. In the image of God, according to the artist's plan, not a wonderful principle, but a giant creative energy. In the form of Adam Michelangelo, the power and beauty of the human body is chasing. In fact, the person's creation itself appears before us, and the moment in which he gets the soul, the passionate search of the Divine, thirst for knowledge.
20. "Kiss in the Star Sky." Gustav Klimt, 1905-1907.
Picture of the Austrian artist Gustav Clima, written in 1907-1908. The canvas belongs to the period of Clima's creativity, called "Golden", the last work of the author in his "golden period".
On the rock, on the edge of the flower glade, in the Golden Aure, there are fully submersible in each other, deserted from around the world in love. Due to the uncertainty of the place of what is happening it seems that the pair depicted in the picture goes to besides the time and space is a cosmic condition, on the other side of all historical and social stereotypes and cataclysms. Full privacy and turned back the face of a man only emphasize the impression of insulation and extension towards the observer.
Source - Wikipedia, Muzei-mira.com, Say-HI.ME
20 paintings that everyone should know (story of painting) Updated: November 23, 2016 by the author: website