In which country, the Rossini composer was born. Italian composer Rossini: biography, creativity, life history and best works

The main dates of life and creativity Joakkino Rossini 1792, 39 February - the birth of Joakkino Rossini in Bezaro. 1800 - Moving with parents in Bologna, learning the game on the oppression and violin. 1801 - Work at theater orchestra. 1802 - Moving with parents in Lugo, classes from J.

Joakkino's works of Rossini 1. Demetrio and Polybio, 1806. 2. "A bill of marriage", 1810. 3. "Strange case", 1811. 4. "Happy deception", 1812. 5. "Cyrus in Babylon", 1812 . 6. "Silk Staircase", 1812. 7. "Trial Stone", 1812. 8. "The case makes a thief, or confused suitcases", 1812. 9. "Signor

Joakkino Rossini is considered to be one of the greatest composers in history. His famous opera "Seville Ciry" remembers, probably, every person familiar with the music. This article will describe in detail about the life of Joakkino Rossini, as well as about his most famous musical works.

Russian childhood

About Rossini was written a lot of various books and publications. The most common among them is the biographical work of Elena Bronchin 1973. All those events are described in detail in this book that, one way or another, was associated with the life and activities of the composer of Rossini. Elena Bronchin describes in detail the children's years of Little Joakkino, tracing his path to the creative top.

Joakkino Antonio Rossini was born on February 29, 1792 in the small Italian town of Pesaro. Parents Joakkino were musicians. Father played on wind instruments, and his mother had a wonderful voice with an expressive soprano. Naturally, parents tried to fall in love with little Joakkino to music.

Bind-free childhood Joakkino overshadowed the French revolution. In addition, the future composer himself, according to many sources, was very lazy and even a naughty boy. Parents saved the situation in time, giving Joakkino to learn to local pastor. It was the priest that he taught Rossini all the necessary composition lessons.

The first creative undertakings of the young Joakkino

At the beginning of the 19th century, the Russian family moved to Lugo. It is in this city that young Joakkino gave his first opera concert. Possessing a very high discount, the future great composer aroused a good interest among the public.

Some sources indicate that their first work as a composer of Rossini began to produce for 12 years. In those small messengers written by a very young joakkino, you can trace very competent enclosures of the opera trends.

Of great importance for future creative manifestations, Joakkino had friendship with the famous Italian tenor Mound. They wrote musical numbers together, composed libretto and developed theatrical productions. In 1808, the composer of Rossini and wrote at all a whole Mass. It was a male choir, accompanied by a bright accompaniment of the organ and orchestra.

About the early creative period

In 1810, the fate of Joakkino radically changed: he was noticed by two famous Italian musicians: Moranley and Morolley. This couple wrote Rossini a letter in which he expressed the desire to see young Joakkino in Venice. The novice composer immediately agreed. Joakkino's task was to write a musical theme to theatrical libretto. The setting was called "marriage on the bill." It was this work that became the brightest debut of Rossini as a composer.

The main quality that composer Rossini possessed was an incredible speed and ease of writing music. This was noted by many contemporaries of the musician: Joakkino as if he had already known and understood how one or another composition should be built. At the same time, the musician himself, as many sources argue, led a very erratic and idle lifestyle. In Venice, he walked a lot and had fun, but at the same time he always managed to write the desired order by the deadline.

"Seville Berber"

In 1813, the composer of Rossini wrote a truly grand essay that turned his life all his life is "Italian in Algeria." Excellent music, deep content of libretto, bright patriotic moods that set the work - all this was the best affected by the composer's future career.

However, the musician started something more ambitious. The monumental two-hot opera, which would become pearl of Italian music, is what Joakkino Rossini sought. Seville Berber became such a opera. The work was delivered according to the Comedy of the Boualem famous in the 19th century.

The main feature of Joakkino's work on the work was, again, incredible ease. Written in less than a month, Seville Berber became the first work of Rossini, famous outside Italy. So, an amazing event occurred with Joakkino in the Austrian Empire: it was there that the composer met the Beethoven himself, a positively responded about the "Ciry".

New ideas Rossini

The main specialization of Joakkino was comedy. The composer of Rossini composed musical themes for the lungs, comedy libretto. However, in 1817, the musician went beyond the comic genre, which is so often associated with the name of Joakkino Rossini. The Opera "Soroka-Worp" was one of the first works of the composer, which was looked, rather, several dramatic character. Written in 1816 Opera "Othello" and was at all the Shakespeare tragedy.

Joakkino became more and more ideas and new ideas. The most important milestone on the creative path of Joakkino was the monumental opera series, which is called "Moses in Egypt". Rossini worked on this work a month and a half. The premiere of "Moses" took place in Naples, where accompanied by huge success.

The composer of Rossini continued further from the "light" genres, composing heavier and monumental works. Such famous historical serias, like "Magomet II", "Zelmir", "Semiramid", had a major success both in Italy herself and beyond.

Vienna, London and Paris

Austrian, English and Paris periods played a big role in the life of Rossini. The reason for sending the composer to Vienna was the deafening success of the Opera "Zelmir". In Austria, the composer first encountered a massachable criticism: many German composers believed that any Opera Rossini did not deserve such success that was accompanied by Joakkino almost throughout Europe. However, there were no Beethoven among haters. Already completely, Ludwig's shooting carefully watched the works of Rossini, reading his music, in the literal sense, on notice paper. Beethoven showed great interest in joakkino; He extremely flattering almost about all his works.

In 1823, the composer received an invitation to the Royal London Theater. The Opera Rossini "Italian in Algeria" and some other works were played here. It was in England that Joakkino acquired both loyal admirers and violent enemies. Even more hate Rossini received in Paris: the envious musicians tried to rub the composer in every way. For Rossini, the times of acute controversy with critics.

Almost all musical figures 19, 20 or 21st centuries talk about one thing: Rossini "raised from his knees" an unusually low level of musical creativity in England and France. Inspired by the works of Joakkino, the musicians finally began to manifest themselves, providing peace more and more beautiful.

Getting closer to creative top

At the end of the twenties, the 19th century Rossini agreed to work as the head of the Italian Opera House in Paris. However, he was delayed in this position for a while: after a couple of years, the work of Rossini has become widely known to all Europe, and therefore the composer decided to take the title of "Inspectorate of the Inspector of singing and composer His Majesty in France." Joakkino received an honorable position at the king.

In Paris, Rossini wrote another musical masterpiece, which is called "Journey to Reims, or a Golden Line Hotel." This opera was played on the coronation of Karl X. However, the success of the general public did not have.

After the "travel", Rossini engaged in the development of the Magomet II monumental opera. This heroic-tragic work was distinguished by many innovative elements that they could not not notice many critics. Next, "Moses in Egypt" and "Osad Corinth" were written. All these works had a strongest influence on young French composers: Beroker, Bualdier, Gerold and others.

"Wilhelm Tool"

Rossini, working immediately in two directions of the French opera - comic and tragic, conceived the formulation of a large work, completely original and innovative. Something new, not similar to any one former an essay - that's what Joakkino Rossini sought. Works of the past, though considered innovative, but only in places. That is why the composer began to compose the opera on brave arrow Wilhelme - a hero of one old Swiss legend.

The main feature of the work was the borrowing of the elements of the local Swiss color: People's Tunnels, combined with Italian classic songs, were an unusually original opera. It is not surprising that "Wilhelm" was all waiting with impatience. The work was in the development of about six months. The premiere of this four-stroke opera took place in 1828.

The reaction of both the public and critics was very cold. The work seemed to many tedious, complex and simply boring. In addition, an essay of about 4 hours has lasted. Opera almost nobody visited. The leadership of the theater, trying to somehow save the situation, strongly reduced the work and began to file it in a distorted form. Of course, Rossini did not suit. He left the theater, promising himself never to continue the activity of the composer.

However, the opera was indignant not all. Many novice composers saw something amazing and wonderful in Wilhelm. Over time, the work still acquired the status of a masterpiece, one of the cult operas Joakkino Rossini.

Biography of the former composer

Joakkino "silent" at the age of 37. For his back there are about 40 operas, huge fame and deafening success. The rapid development of romanticism in Europe also affected the departure of Rossini from art.

Having been in oblivion for several years, Joakkino still began to rarely write a small overture. However, almost nothing remained from the previous intensity. Having moved to Italy, the composer became interested in pedagogical activities. Rossini led Bologna lyceum, the pupil of which he himself was in childhood. It is thanks to Joakkino that a musical education received its fast and high-quality development.

In 1855, Rossini again decides to return to Paris. It is here that he holds the last 13 years of his life.

Rossini-Culinary

What could pass Joakkino Rossini? Overtures, Suites and Opera already stayed behind. The once great composer decided to firmly move away from writing music. He, however, violated only a few times. So, in 1863, a "little solemn mass" was written - the essay is quite famous and to this day.

Joakkino was an exquisite culinary. Witty Russian russia invented an incredible number of a wide variety of dishes. The composer was also a great fan of winemaking. His cellar simply leaned from a wide variety of wines, all types and varieties. However, the cookery ruined Rossini. The former composer began to suffer obesity and stomach diseases.

Death of the composer

No one in Paris was famous for such a celebrity as Joakkino Rossini. "Seville Barber", "Wilhelm Tel" - author of all these works, although he who has moved away from affairs, enjoyed great success in France.

Rossini arranged ambitious techniques. The most famous personalities and political figures achieved opportunities to visit them. Sometimes russia conducted while still attracting this attention to the European music public. The Personality of Joakkino was truly Great: Wagner, Franz Leaf, Saint-Sans and many other major composers communicated with him.

The composer died on November 13, 1868. All its own property composer bequeathed the Italian town of Pesaro, the place where the musician was born.

Heritage

Joakkino left behind the order of 40 major operas and even more overturn with minor essays. His first real opera, "bill of marriage", Rossini wrote aged 18. It is impossible not to note another grand product created in 1817 - the Opera "Cinderella". Joakkino Rossini wrote a cheerful and light comedy based on the famous fairy tale. Opera enjoyed great success of both critics and the general public.

In addition to the opera, Joakkino was engaged in writing a variety of psalms, Messes, Kant and Hymf. Rossini's heritage is truly great. His inventive and innovative style is studied by many composers for many years. Rossini's current music remains today.

"At 14 years old in the list of" fortresses ", so many women were meant, how many experienced lovers ..."

"The Sun of Italy"

Joakkino Rossini is a great Italian composer, the creator of numerous operas and surprisingly bright and beautiful melodies, a brilliant interlocutor and a witness, and donzhuan, gourmet and culinary.

"Hard", the "sweet", "captive", "comforting", "sunny" ... What only the epithets were not awarded Rossini his contemporaries. Under the charm of his music was the most enlightened people of different times and peoples. Alexander Pushkin wrote in Evgenia Onegin:

But the evening dark,

It's time for us to opera speeds:

There is a controlled Rossini,

Europe Balchery - Orpheus.

Not enthusiastic criticism of harsh

He is forever the same, forever new,

He pours sounds - they boil,

They flow, they burn,

How young kisses,

All in Nege, in the flame of love,

How Zakipen AI

String and splashes Golden ...

Onor de Balzac, listening to the "Moses" of Rossini, said: "This music raises the inclined heads and instills hope in the lazy hearts." The French writer says to the mouth of his beloved hero: "Yesterday, the Italians gave the" Sevilian Village "Rossini. I have never heard such sweet music before. God! There are lucky people who have a lie from the Italians. "

German philosopher Hegel, having arrived in September 1824 in Vienna, decided to visit one of the performances of the Italian Opera House. Listening to the "Othello" of Rossini, he wrote to his wife: "For now, I have enough money to go to the Italian opera and pay the return passage, I stay in Vienna." For a month of stay in the capital of Austria, the philosopher at times visited all the performances of the theater, and 12 times (!) Opera "Othello".

Tchaikovsky, after the first time listening to the "Sevilian Village", recorded in the diary: "Seville Barber" will remain for the inimitable sample ... that unconfigured, selfless, uncontrollably exciting fun, what splashes each page of the "Mottric", that gloss and the elegance of the melody and rhythm, Which is full of this opera, it is impossible to find anyone. "

Heinrich Heine, one of the most picky and energous people of their time, was completely disarmed with the music of Italian genius: "Rossini, the Divine Maestro, the Sun of Italy, crumbling his ringing rays around the world! I ... admire your golden tones, the stars of your melodies, your sparkling moths, so lovingly fluttering with me and the kissing heart my mouth of grace! Divine Maestro, forgive with my poor compatriots who do not see your depth, - you covered it with roses ... "

Standal, the former witness to the mad success of the Italian composer, stated: "The glory of Rossini can be limited only to the outside the universe."

Chew your ears is also talent

Excellent - good performers, but the world rules trochi. Once, one friend told Rossini that a certain collector gathered a large collection of torture torture of all times and peoples. "Is it in this collection of piano?" - Rossini asked. "Of course not," the interlocutor responded with surprise. "So, in childhood, he was not taught music!" - sighed the composer.

As a child, the future celebrity Italy did not give any hopes for a bright future. Despite the fact that Rossini was born in a musical family, two undoubted talent, which he managed to discover, was the ability to move the ears and sleep in any atmosphere. Unusually lively and expansive by nature, young Joakkino avoided all sorts of study, preferring her noisy games in the fresh air. His happiness is a dream, delicious food, good wine, a company of street surgovolov and a variety of fun leprosy, in part of which he was a real master. He remained a small man: his letters, always meaningful and witty, are full of monstrous grammatical errors. But is it a reason for chagrin?

You do not know spelling ...

The worse for spelling!

Parents persistently tried to train his family profession - in a vain case: on the gamm did not budge. Parents decide: what to see such a martyr's face Joakkino whenever the music teacher comes, it is better to give it to training for the blacksmith. Physical work, maybe he will like it. After a short time, it turned out that the blacksmithing cause of the son of the trumpet and the opera singers also dislike. But it seems that this little rage realized that much more pleasant and easier to tapping on the keys of the chamblock than having a heavy hammer in different glands. With Joakkino there is a pleasant transformation, he seemed to be woken up - he began to diligently learn and school wisdom, and, most importantly, music. And what else is amazing, a new talent has suddenly discovered in it - phenomenal memory.

At the age of 14, Rossini entered the Bologna musical lyceum, where he became the first student, and soon it was equal to his teachers. The brilliant memory and here was by the way: one day he recorded the music of a whole opera, listening to it only two or three times ... Soon Rossini began to conduct opera performances. By this time, the first creative experiments of Rossini are vocal rooms for traveling troupes and a one-act comic opera "bill of marriage". Merit in music arts were assessed in dignity: in 15 years, Rossini was already crowned with laurels of the Bologna Philharmonic Academy, thus becoming the most young academician of Italy.

Good memory has never changed him. Even in old age. The story was preserved about how one day at one of the evenings, where, besides Rossini, and Alfred Mussse, a young French poet, invited in turns read their poems and excerpts from works. Mussy read his new play - poems approximately sixty. When he finished reading, the applause rang out.

Your humble servant, bowed to Mussse.

Sorry, but this can not be: I taught these verses even at school! And, by the way, I remember until now!

With these words, the composer word for the word repeated poems, just uttered by Mussy. The poet blushed to the roots of the hair and worsened terribly. From confusion, he sat down on the sofa and began to mumble something vague. Rossini, seeing the reaction of Mussy, quickly approached him, friendly shook his hand, and said with a guilty smile:

Forgive me, dear Alfred! This is, of course, your poems. My memory is to blame for everything, which has just committed this literary theft.

How to grab the fortune for a skirt?

The art of saying compliments is one of the most important skills, which should master any man who dreams about success in affairs and, especially, personal life. The psychologist Eric Bern advised all the shy young men to joke more in the presence of an object of love. "Tell her, he said," for example, something like this: "The panelists of all loving eternity, multiplied three times, there are only half of your spell. Ten thousands of joys made of a magic handbag made of deer skin - no more taudo berry, in comparison with a grenade that one touch of your lips is promulit ... ". If she does not appreciate it, she will not appreciate anything other that you can offer her, and better forget about it. If she flashes approvingly, - you have already won half. "

There are people who need to diligently learn to express their feelings so elegantly and originally - such a majority. But there are those who received this skill as if from birth. These lucky ones do everything easily and naturally: as if playing, fascinated, fascinated, seduced and ... also easily elude. To their number belonged to Joakkino Rossini.

"Women are mistaken, believing that all men are the same. And men are mistaken, believing that all women are different, "he once joked. Already at 14 years old in the list of the "Fortresses", so many women were meant, as sometimes only among mature men and experienced lovelaes. A pleasant appearance served only an addition to other, more important advantages - wit, resourcefulness, always a good mood, bribing courtesy, the ability to speak pleasant things and lead an exciting conversation. And in art, it was difficult to embroil the compliments to him, it was generally difficult to find a worthy opponent. In addition, he was a generous waters: smeared with verbal barely, all women without parsing. Including those with whom, according to him, "it was possible to kiss only with closed eyes."

At the right time and in the right place, he, a novice composer, meets with Maria Marcolini, one of the most outstanding singers of his time. She draws attention to a smiling handsome musician and herself begins with him a conversation: "Do you love music?" - "Adore". - "And singers too ... love?" - "If they look like you, adore, just like music." Marcolini with a challenge looks straight into his eyes: "Maestro, but it is hardly recognized in love!" - "Why hardly? It broke out so involuntarily, and I'm not going to renounce him. You can take these words for a light breeze, ticking the ears, and let them go to the will. But I will catch them and return you - with great pleasure. " Beauty laughs: "I think we can greatly enjoy Joakkino. Why don't you write for me a new opera? .. " So, not happily, from toast, you can, as the Italians say, "grab the fortune for a skirt"!

Once some kind of journalist asked Rossini question: "Maestro, everything in life is given to you easily: Glory, money, love of the public! .. Admit how you managed to become a favorite of fortune?" - "Indeed, good luck loves me," Rossini answered with a smile, "but only one simple reason: Fortuna is a woman and despises those who robustly kicker her love." I do not pay attention to it, but at the same time I hold this anemone for a hem of her luxurious dresses! .. "

Who is so fake meowing?

A mad mercenary and adventurer, an infinitely cheerful fifteer of all sorts of drawing and jokes, funny Zhuir, always ready to respond to a dressing female smile, a gentle look or note, how many times he found himself in funny, spicy and even life-threatening situations! "I happened," he confessed, - to have extraordinary rivals; Throughout my life, I moved three times a year from the city to the city and changed friends ... "

One day in Bologna, one of his mistresses, Countess B., who lived in Milan, who left the palace, her husband, children, forgetting his reputation, came on one day in the room he held in more than a modest hotel. They met very gently. However, soon by negligence, the door was unfolded and ... another lover of Rossini seemed on the threshold - Princess K., the most famous beauty Bologna. Without thinking, the ladies clung to hand-to-hand. Rossini tried to intervene, but he was unable to deal with the ladies. During this valtusny, this is true: the trouble does not come alone! - Suddenly the door of the cabinet is revealed and ... half-tissue F. Family appears the gateway. - Another lover of Maestro, all this time is quietly sitting in his closet. What happened next story, as they say, silent. For the protagonist of this "opera-buff", by this moment a very prudent one who took the place closer to the exit, quickly grabbing a hat and cloak, rapidly left the scene. On the same day, without warning anyone, he left Bologna.

Another time he was lucky somewhat less. However, in order to understand the essence of what happened next, we will make a small remark and retell one of the favorite jokes of Rossini. So: the French Duke of Karl was brave was militant and in the wars' affairs, he took himself for a sample of the famous commander - Hannibal. His name he remembered at every step, about and without reason: "I chased him like Hannibal for a scipium!", "This is an act worthy of Hannibal!", "Hannibal would be satisfied with you!" etc. In the battle at Murtten, Karl was the headwound, and was forced to run from the battlefield in his carriage. A dowry jester, surprising with his master, ran next to the carriage and, from time to time he looked into her, shouted: "Ec otganized us!"

A good joke, isn't it? But back to Rossini. In Padua, where he soon arrived, he liked one charming young person, known as he himself, his own faders. However, these quirks are only Polbie. The charming man, unfortunately, was an extremely jealous and warrant patron, who was tirelessly followed by his ward. To divide the forbidden fruit with the beauty, as Rossini himself was told, "I was forced every time at three o'clock in the morning meow feline; And since I was a composer and was proud of the melodiousness of my music, then I demanded that, meow, I took fake notes ... "

It is not known whether Rossini meoweal is unnecessarily false, and maybe too loud, - from love, impatience! "But one day from the cherished balcony, instead of the usual review" Mur-Mur-Moore ... ", a waterfall of silent oots collapsed. The humiliated and overturned from the head to the legs, the unlucky lover under the evil laughter of the jealous and his servants, who came from the balcony, hurried home ... "ek we are detached!" "So he exclaimed on the road."

Well, it can be seen, and the Fortuna pets are drying on!

"Usually, men present gifts to beauties, followed by," Rossini confessed, "and everything was the opposite, the beauties did gifts to me, and I did not interfere ... Yes, I didn't interfere with them!". He did not seek women - they were looking for him. He did not ask them about anything - they begged him about attention to themselves and love. It would seem that you can only dream about it. But here, imagine, have your inconvenience. Necessary, noisy Women's jealousy was pursued by Rossini as indifferently, as a serious and even life-threatening anger of deceived husbands, forcing all the time to change hotels, cities and even countries. Sometimes it reached the fact that women themselves offered him money for the night of love with the "Divine Maestro." For self-respecting men, especially Italian, it is already a shame. Then the ladies were stuck to the trick and came to Rossini with a request to take music lessons from him. To scare away unwanted students, Maestro climbed invisible prices for his musical advice. However, rich aging ladies gladly paid the required amount. Rossini said about this:

You want - do not want, but you have to rich ... but what is the price! Oh, if at least someone knew what flour I had to tolerate, listening to the voices of these elderly singers, who creak, as if the unwashed door loops!

Monstrous woman in love

Once, returned from the next concert tour, Rossini told his friends about the adventure that happened to him in one provincial city, where he put his opera "Tancred". The main batch in it was performed by one very famous singer - a lady of unusually high growth and no less impressive volume.

I conducted, sitting, as always, in my place in the orchestra. When Tancred appeared on stage, I was admired by the beauty and magnificent view of the singer who performed the batch of the main character. She was already eloxy, but still quite attractive. High, well folded, with sparkling eyes, in the helmet and armor, she looked really very militant. In addition, she sang great, with great feeling, so after Aria "Oh, the Motherland, an ungrateful homeland ..." I shouted: "Bravo, Bavvimo!", And the public has stolen stolen. The singer was apparently very flattered by my approval, because until the end of the act did not cease to throw very expressive views on me. I decided that I was allowed to go to her restroom to thank for execution. But I barely crossed the threshold, the singer, as if distraught, grabbed the maid by the shoulders, pushed out and locked the door to the key. Then she rushed to me and exclaimed in the greatest excitement: "Oh, finally came the moment I was waiting for! In my life there was only one dream - to meet you! Maestro, my idol, hug me! "

Imagine this scene: Alone - I barely took her to the shoulder - a mighty, twice the thickness of me, besides in a male suit, in lats, she rushes to me, such a tiny next to her, presses to his chest - to which breast! - and squeezes in a choking hug. "Signora," I say to her, "do not dismiss me! Do you have at least the benches, so that I could find yourself at the proper height. And then this helmet and these lats ... "-" Oh yeah, of course, I haven't taken a helmet yet ... I completely went crazy, I don't know what I do! " And she drags a sharp movement with a sharp movement, but he clings to the lats. She is trying to tear it off, but can not. Then she grabs the dagger, hanging on her side, and the cardboard lats dissect with one blow, representing my astonished gaze, not military, and quite feminine, which was under them. Only speckrs and knee pads remained from the heroic tancred.

"God is merciful! - I scream. - What did you do? " "What it matters now," she answers. - I want you, maestro! I want you ... "-" A performance? You need to go on stage! " This comment seemed to return it to reality, but not quite, and her excitement did not pass, judging by a crazy look and nervous excitement. I, however, took advantage of this brief pause, jumped out of the restroom and rushed to look for the maid. "Rather, rather! - I told her. - Your mistress has trouble, the lats broke, it is necessary to fix them urgently. A few minutes later her exit! " And he himself hurried to take his place in the orchestra. But waiting for her outlet for a long time. The intermission lasted longer than the usual, the audience began to indignant and finally raised such noise that the scene inspector was forced to reach the Ramp. And the audience with amazement learned that Signorina singer, who fulfills the role of Tancred, is not in the order of Latvas and she asks permission to go on stage in a raincoat. The public is outraged, expresses displeasure, but Signorina appears without armor, only in a raincoat. I, barely ended the performance, immediately went to Milan and, I hope, I will never bring it to meet this huge and monstrously in love with a woman ...

"WHAT IS YOUR NAME?" - "I am satisfied!"

No incidents are capable of forming it. Somehow in Vienna, he met a glorious company of young vision, which, like he, followed the famous principle of medieval troubadurov - "Wine, Women and Songs". Rossini did not know a word in German, except if the only phrase: "ICH BIN ZUFRIEDEN" - "I am satisfied." But it did not prevent him from performing excursions in all the best Tavern, tasting local wines and dishes, and participate in merry, although a few dubious, walks with ladies "not strict behavior" for the city.

As it should be expected, and this time did not cost without a scandal. "Once, walking but the streets of Vienna," Rossini witnessed his impressions later, "I witnessed the fight between the two gypsies, of which one, having received a terrible strike by the dagger, fell onto the pavement. Immediately gathered a huge crowd. As soon as I wanted to get out of it, a policeman approached me and a few words in German was very excited, of which I did not understand anything. I replied him very politely: "Ich Bin Zufrieden". Initially, he was taken away, and then, taking two tones above, he broke out by Tirava, the ferryness of which, it seemed to me that I was growing at a continuous Crescendo while I am more and more politely and constantly repeated before this armed person my "Ich Bin Zufriaden" . Suddenly I am overgrown from rage, he called another policeman, and both foam feasting me under his arms. All I could understand from their shouts, it was the words "Police Commissioner".

Fortunately, when they led me, there was a carriage in which the Russian ambassador was driving. He asked what was going on here. After a short explanation in German, these young people let me go, apologize in every way. True, I understood the meaning of their verbal renerests only by their expressing gestures and endless bows. The ambassador put me in his carriage and explained that the policeman first asked me only about the name, in case of need to call as a witness committed on my eyes. In the end he performed his duty. But my endless zufrieden was so brought him out of themselves, that he took them for mockery and wished to deliver me to the commissioner so that he inspires me respect for the police. When the ambassador told the policeman, that I could excuse me, since I do not know German, he was indignant: "This one? Yes, he speaks at the purest Vienna Dialect! " "Then be polite ... and in the pure Vienna adveria!" ... "

Speaking without exaggeration, the biography of Rossini is half the facts, half a joke. Rossini and himself were known as the first-class supplier of all sorts of stories and acute. What is really true, and that fiction - we will not guess. In any case, they almost always correspond to the nature of the composer, its extraordinary life, spiritual simplicity and ease. One of his favorite stories tells about the Parisian clever.

Once under the windows of the house, in which it settled, arriving in Paris, the composer, rang out the false sounds of the old scarmer. Just because the same melody repeated several times, Rossini suddenly learned in her an incredibly distorted topic from an overture to his opera Wilhelm Tel. Until the extreme angry, he opened the window and wanted to order the flore immediately to leave, but immediately changed his mind and fun shined the street musician so that he rose up.

Tell me, buddy, doesn't your wonderful charm play any of the music of Galevi? He asked the Sharmancan when he appeared in the doorway. (Galevy - Popular Opera Composer, at that time - rival and competitor Rossini. - A.K.)

Still would! "Daughter Cardinal".

Excellent! - Rossini was delighted. - Do you know where he lives?

Sure. Who in Paris does not know this?

Perfectly. Here is a franc. Go and play him his "Daughter Cardinal". The same melody and at least six times. Okay?

The flore smiled and shook his head:

I can not. After all, Monsieur Galevi sent me to you. However, he is kinder: asked to play your overture only three times.

"Beige beiges, like beige hands ..."

Beauty - credential grades. One of the small weaknesses of the maestro is narcissism. He was very proud of his appearance. Once in a conversation with a certain important minister of the Church, hanging it in the hotel, he said: "You are talking about my glory, but do you know Montinor, what is my real right to immortality? The fact that I am beautiful of our time! Kanov (the famous Italian sculptor - A.K.) told me that I was going to sculpt the Achilla! ". With these words, he pops up with bed and appears before the eyes of the Roman prelate in Adam's costume: "Look at this leg! Look at this hand! I think that when a person is so well complicated, he can be sure of his immortality ... "The prelate opens the mouth and begins to slowly fall to the exit. Satisfied Rossini is poured by wild laughter.

"Who eats a lot of sweet, he learns what tootted pain; Who indulges her lust, he brings his old age. " Rossini could serve as a visual example for this quotation from Avicenna. Excessive work (about 40 operas for 16 years!), Invertible moving and rehearsals, an unthinkable amount of love connections, plus the most natural increasingness turned the grudging health and the energy of a handsome man in a sick old man. Already at the thirty-four years, he looked at least ten years older. Thirty-nine years he lost all his hair on his head and teeth. The whole appearance has changed: his once a slender figure disguised obesity, the corners of the mouth were wrapped, the lips, due to the lack of teeth, wrinkled and dragged themselves as an ancient old woman, and the chin snapped, even more ugly the once beautiful face.

But Rossini and now a big hunter to pleasure. The basements of his house are filled with bottles and barrels with wine from different countries. These are gifts from countless fans, among which there are quite a few and the August. That's just savoring these gifts now more and more alone. Yes, and that secret - doctors prohibit ... The same thing is also part of the food: you have to limit yourself. Only here the problem is not in some prohibitions, but in the absence of physical opportunity there is something that I would like. "Without teeth, like decorations of the face, he complains, exaggeratedly whispered," you can do without teeth, like a tool for food, unfortunately, it is impossible ... ".

Rossini carries his artificial teeth with me in the handkerchief and demonstrates to all curious. Just somehow suspiciously often he drops them (and at the most inappropriate moment, right out of his mouth!) That in the broth, then, in moments of a loud laughter, it doesn't know how to laugh in a different maestro), just on the floor, causing a rapid reaction to The circle of the aesthetic Signor and the Sign Signor. Above his dentures are not laughing, perhaps, only lazy yes dumb. However, Maestro, it seems, is not insulted, but, on the contrary, rejoices and so glory.

The artist de Sanctis, who wrote a portrait of the aged composer, noted: "He has a beautiful, ideal shape of his head, there is not a single hairs on it, and she is so smooth and pink, which glows like alabaster ...". Regarding its "alabastric" head, the composer also did not combine. No, he did not demonstrate it to everyone in a row as his insertion teeth. He skillfully masked her with the help of numerous and diverse wigs.

"I have the most beautiful chapels in the world," he reported in one of the letters to a familiar lady, - or rather, even the most beautiful, because they have for any season and for all occasions. You probably believes that I should not say "my hair", because these are strange hair? But my hair is really mine, because I bought them, and I paid a lot. They are my exactly the same as the clothes I buy, so it seems to me, I am quite fair, I can consider my own other people's hair for which I paid money. "

About the wigs of Rossini were composed of legends. They assured them in their whole hundred. Wigs, indeed, there was a lot: different textures, different styles, hairstyles, character. Light and wavy - for spring days, for hot sunny weather; Strict, important and solid - for cloudy days and solemn cases. There was a purely Rossiniyev invention - wigs with a "moral tint" (probably for not very beautiful fans ...). In addition, he had separate wedding wigs, sad wigs for funerals, charming wigs for dance evenings, receptions and secular assemblies, important wigs for present places, "frivolous" curly wigs for dates ... If anyone tried to joke, Surprising that such an outstanding person, like Rossini, has weakness to wigs, maestro perplexed:

Why is weakness? Since I wear a wig, it means that I have at least a head. I know some, even very important people who, do you try to wear a wig, nothing to wear it ...

"Aristocrats are not needed to be addressed ..."

"When there is an opportunity, I am always happy to do anything," the author of the Seville Village said. However, to name Russians by lazy - does not turn the language. To write 40 operas, as well as even more than a hundred of other different musical works - this is a huge work. Why do everyone say that he is an exemplary lazy?

This is what the composer himself said about this: "I generally think that a person perfectly feels only in bed, and is convinced that a genuine, natural position of a person is horizontal. And the vertical - on the legs, - probably, came up with some kind of vain type, which walked the original. Well, because in the light, unfortunately, crazy enough, then humanity was forced to take a vertical position. " Of course, the said is more like a joke. But she is not far from the truth.

Rossini composed his famous operas not behind the piano and not at the table, but, most advantage, in bed. Once, having wrapped off with his head in a blanket, it was winter on the street, "he composed a duet for a new opera. Suddenly, a sheet of tank paper slipped out of his hands and fell under the bed. Carry out from a warm cozy bed? Rossini easier to compose a new duet. He did it. When after a while the first duet was extracted (with the help of a friend) from under the bed, Rossini adapted him to another opera - not to disappear!

"It is always necessary to avoid labor," Rossini claimed. - They say, labor is engraving a person. But this suggests me that it is for this reason that many noble gentlemen and aristocrats are not working - they have no need to enjoy. " Those who knew Russian well understood that the maestro was not joking at all.

"Genius," said the famous inventor Thomas Edison, is 1 percent of inspiration and 99 percent of the sweating. " It seems that this formula is not at all suitable for the Great Maestro. Let us allow yourself a bold statement: a huge heritage of the Italian composer - the result is not so much spilled sweat, how much game is genius. Talents are sweating, the geniuses are creating, playing. In his case, in the composition of music, Rossini considered himself a truly almighty. He could make a "candy" from everything. Well known his statement: "Give me an account from the laundry, and I will put it on music." Beethoven was surprised by the author of the "Mutnik": "Rossini ... He writes with such an ease that he needs so many weeks to write a single opera, how many years would need for this for the German composer."

The genius of Rossini has two sides: one - the fantastic fruitfulness and ease of his muse, the other is disregard for their own gift, laziness and "epicurestriness". The vital philosophy of the composer was reduced to the following: "Try to avoid any trouble, and if it fails, trying to be upset as much as possible because of them, never worry because it does not concern you, never come out of ourselves, unless in the most extreme cases, because it is always more expensive, even if you are right, and especially if you are right. And most importantly - always take care of not to disturb your peace, this gift of the gods. "

Despite the fact that Rossini wrote his operas, in comparison with other composers, almost lightningly, there was often cases when he did not have time to finish the score on time. So it was and with an overture to Opera "Othello": the premiere on the nose, and there are still no odors! The director of the San Carlo Theater, no longer thinking, lured the composer into an empty room with lattices on the window and locked it in it, leaving him only a plate with spaghetti, and promising that until the last notch of Overtures, Rossini will not come out of their "Prisons" and will not get food. Sitting locked up, the composer finished his overture very quickly.

It was also with Overture to the Opera Sortiek, which he composed in the same conditions locked in the room, and composed it on the day of the premiere! Under the "Prison" window stood work scenes and caught ready-made sheets with notes, then fled to music rewriters. The fascinated director of the theater ordered people who guarded Rossini: if sheets of tight scores are not thrown out of the window, then the composer itself from the window!

The lack of exquisite food, wine, a soft bed and other familiar pleasures only spurred the already energetic Muse Rossini. (By the way, not because of its operations so much quick music?) In addition, another incentive to the early completion of the opera served and the threats of the director of the theater - Domenico Barbaya, who had Rossini, the treacherously "hung" a mistress, beautiful and wealthy Prima-singer Isabella Collectran marrying her. There were rumors, as if Barbay wanted to even call a maestro to a fight ... But now he locked him in a close room and is waiting for him from him just some kind of overtures. It seems that our composer easily got rid of: it's easier for him to write a dozen overture, than to participate in the duel and risk life. Although Russians, of course, and genius, but he is clearly not a hero ...

Sandy coward

Once in Bologna, still being a young and little-known musician, Rossini wrote a revolutionary song that inspired Italians to fight for liberation from the Austrian yoke. The young composer understood that after that he was not at all safe to stay in the city occupied by the Austrian troops. However, it was impossible to leave Bologna without permission from the Austrian Commandant. Rossini came to him for the pass.

Who you are? - asked the Austrian General.

I am a musician and composer, just not like this robber of Rossini, who composes revolutionary songs. I love Austria and wrote an anti-war march for you, which you can give to descend your military orchestras.

Rossini gave general notes with a march and received a pass in return. On the other day, the march was intelligent, and the Austrian Military Orchestra performed him on Bologna Square. Meanwhile, it was the same revolutionary song.

When the residents of Bologna heard a familiar motive, they were delighted and immediately picked it up. You can imagine how the Austrian general was treated and how he regretted that "this robber of Rossini" is already outside Bologna.

This case is a rare example of the bold behavior of Rossini. Rather, it is not even courage, but ordinary mischief, the audacity of youth. The one who loves life and her pleasure is rarely the hell.

Fearing a call for military service, Rossini diligently avoided meetings with military gendarmerie, constantly changing his place of interest. When, sometimes the patrol found him in place, he pretended to be an outrageous creditor of Rossini, whom the latter, not wanting to pay a duty, is inflamed. It is not known how this game is ended in hide and seek if the head of the Milan garrison was not a big music lover. He, it turns out, was in La Rock on the triumphal performance "Trial Stone" and was delighted with the opera. And he believes that it would be unfair to subjected to the difficulties and dangers of military life just that born musical glory of Rossini. Therefore, the general signs him liberation from military service. Happy maestro comes to thank him:

General, now thanks to you I can again write music. Not sure, the truth is that musical art will also be grateful as me ...

Doubt? And I - not at all. Do not modify.

But I can assure you in the other - you will undoubtedly be grateful to the art of military, because I would be a bad soldier.

Here I agree with you! - Laughing general.

The Italian writer Arnaldo Frackaroli in the book "Rossini" leads a story about one episode of the composer. "When Romini arrived in Rome, he immediately caused a valley and he tried him into continuation of several days, not allowing him to be with him any familiarity. But when it approached the day of the first orchestral rehearsal "Torvaldo", he, having committed his work with all thoroughness, shook his hand without a ceremony, kindly adding: "To the meeting!" - "That is, as?" - asked a few puzzled Rossini. "Yes, we will soon see you in the theater." - "In the theatre?" - exclaimed surprised maestro. - "Of course. I am the first trumpeter in the orchestra. "

This discovery made russia, a man is not a brave ten. He was very strict and demanding at the rehearsals of his opera. Fake note, the wrong rhythm was angry with him. He shouted, scared, came to rabies, seeing how the fruits of his inspiration were distorted. Then he did not gem anyone, even the most revered artists. However, the idea that he can buy a deadly enemy in the person of a person who spends a sharp blade daily for his face, forced to become more restrained. No matter how big there were mistakes performed by a trumpet-brand, the composer did not make him the slightest reproach in the theater, and only the next day after shavet, he politely pointed to him than he was extremely polished and he tried to please his famous client. "

A large disadvantager of travel and, according to his own words, a sensible coward, Rossini always chose horses and a sled - even only to make a five-minute trip from the house to the theater. Horses he preferred thin and tired, which will certainly drag slowly and calmly, without exposing any danger. "After all, you sit down in the stroller in order to get where it is necessary, and not to rush through the head!"

"Triangle of Pleasure"

One of his biographers said: "Do not be Rossini a great composer, he, of course, would have awarded the title of the greatest grocery of the XIX century." Indeed, nature awarded the Italian composer with an enviable appetite and exquisite taste. The combination, I must say, very favorable, for a good appetite without taste is a stupid gluttony, and the taste without appetite is almost a perversion.

"As for me, - revealed Rossini, - then I do not know more wonderful classes than food ... that love for the heart, then appetite for the stomach. The stomach is a cappermaster, which leads the large orchestra of our passions and leads them into action. An empty stomach is like a baroon or flute piccolo, when he grabs from displeasure or overflows a lady from desire. On the contrary, a full stomach is a triangle of pleasure or a litavra of joy. As for love, I consider it as a primaudon, as a goddess that leaves the brain by Cavatnami, intoxicates the hearing and admire the heart. Food, love, singing and digestion - this is truly four acts of the comic opera, which is called life and which disappears as a foam from a bottle of champagne. The one who she proceeds without pleasure, is a very fool. "

This could only say a real epicurez. And, as a connoisseur of ordinary and natural pleasures, Rossini could talk for hours about the merits and disadvantages of a particular kitchen, a dish or a sauce. High cooking and wonderful music he called "two trees of one root."

Rossini was not only an excellent eater, but also a skillful culinary. He loved her breeding as much as his music. His biographers still diverge in opinions, how many times in the life of the maestro we cried. Some argue that twice: from joy - when Paganini first heard for the first time, and from Grief - when the dish of his personally cooked pasta was dropped. Most inclined to the fact that four times: after listening to Paganini, after the failure of the first opera, after receiving the news of the death of the mother, as well as after the fall of the desired Kushan. Most likely, it was cooked by him for the festive dinner stuffed turpels turkey, which fell aboard the boat, where he passed a picnic. For this bird with his favorite delicious mushrooms, the composer was ready to give if I'm not soul, then any of my operas is accurate. Not to mention others - after all, it was about these unusual mushrooms of Rossini: "I can compare truffles only with the Opera Mozart" Don Juan ". The more you eat them, the greater the charm you will be opened. "

The composer never missed the opportunity to put a turkey, stuffed with truffles, the former cause of the massive insanity of the gourmets of that time. Once Rossini won the betting, the bid in which was his favorite delicacy. However, his desired winnings had to wait for a long time. In response to the persistent claims of Maestro, the loser was justified every time - then the unsuccessful season, then the fact that the first good truffles had not yet appeared. "Church, nonsense! Rossinny shouted. - These are only false rumors that are blossomed by turkeys who do not want to be unfarshed! "

Russian letters are full of cooking. Even lovers. In one of the letters of his beloved, he writes: "What is much more interesting for me to music, kinda angelika is the invention of a wonderful, incomparable salad. The recipe looks like this: it takes a bit of olive oil, a little English mustard, a few drops of French vinegar, pepper, salt, salad leaves and a little bit of lemon juice. There are also cut the truffles of the most excellent quality. Everything is well mixed. "

A few years ago, a book called "Rossini and the sin of increments" was published in Paris. It contains about fifty recipes invented by the famous gourmet of their time. For example, Figaro salad from the boiled calf language, Cannelloni (pasta) A la Rossini, and, of course, the famous "Rossini Turnedo" is a fried clipping with a pate of goose liver and sauce from Maders. About how this appetizer dish received its name, there is also a legend.

Everything happened in Cafe Anglais in Paris. Allegedly, Rossini insisted on cooking a dish under a personal supervision and ordered a chef to cook in a room that would be viewed because of his table. During the cooking, Maestro all the time commented on the actions of the cook, indifferently giving it important, from his point of view, instructions and advice. When the cook in the end was indignant by constant intervention, Maestro exclaimed: "Et Alors! Tournez Le Dos! " - "Ah well! Then turn back! " In short, "Turno".

What is "Haltus in German"?

Like any outstanding person, Rossini had their own antipode. His name is Richard Wagner, the famous German composer. If Rossini is ease, melody, emotionality, then Wagner is monumentality, pompousness and rationality. Each of them had desperate fans who climbed in a fierce controversy. The fans of the Italian maestro ruthlessly ridiculed the Opera "Mr. losera", as the Wagner nicknamed in Italy, for their emotional dryness, non-door and excessive volume. The Germans, who considered themselves "modishables modes" in philosophy, science and music, were unhappy that their authority questioned some kind of Italian junk, which all of Europe suddenly began to wander. Therefore, they accused Rossini and other Italian composers in the earthenovemth and profanation - they say, these are not real composers, but a shaman who plow the tastes of an unassicular crowd. And what did the composers themselves spoke each other?

Wagner, listening to several operas of Rossini, said that this fashionable Italian is nothing more than a "dexterous manufacturer of artificial colors." Rossini, having visited one of the operas of Wagner, noticed: "Such music needs to listen more than once and not two. But I can't do more than once. "

Rossini did not hide their dislike for the music of the German composer. One of the jokes tells how one day in the house of Rossini, when, after lunch, everyone sat down on the terrace with sweet wine glasses, an unimaginable noise came from the dining room. I heard the ringing, knock, crash, crackling, hum and, finally, moan and grind. Guests frozen in amazement. Rossini ran into the dining room. A minute later he returned to guests with a smile:

Thank God, - this maid hooked the tablecloth and overturned the entire serving. And I, imagine, the sinful work thought that someone dares in my house to play an overture to the "tangseyzer"!

"Where is the Wagner melody? - Rossini outraged. "Yes, something is rings there, something is rubbing, but it seems he doesn't know himself why it rings and why tramples"! " Somehow, on one of his weekly dinners, he invited several musical critics, passionate wagner fans. The main dish in the menu on this dinner was "Haltus in German". Knowing the great culinary abilities of the maestro, guests were looking forward to this delicacy. When the turn was "Haltus", the servants filed a very appetizing sauce. Everyone put it on their plates and began to wait for the main dish ... But the mysterious "Falus in German" was never filed. Guests were embarrassed and began to be twisted: what to do with sauce? Then Rossini, amused by confusion, exclaimed:

What are you waiting for, gentlemen? Try the sauce, believe me, he is great! As for the halotus, then, alas ... the supplier of fish forgot to deliver it. But do not be surprised! Isn't that the same we see in Wagner's music? Good sauce, but he is without a halotus! Melodia is not!

When Rossini settled in Paris, the fans, musicians and just well-known people were reached for him, as in Mecca, and simply famous people - see their lovely legend and express their admiration for him with their own eyes. Wagner, having arrived in Paris, witnessed this unpleasant pilgrimage for him. In one of the letters home, he reported: "Rossini, I, however, have not yet seen, but the caricatures are written here, as in a fatty epicurea, who has not been filled with music, because he has been emptied from her for a long time, and Bologna sausage." What was the surprise of Rossini when he was informed about the hot desire of Wagner to visit the "Great Maestro" in his house.

The meeting of the two composers took place. What could these two different people talk about? Of course, about music. After this conversation, all personal misunderstandings were resolved. Despite the fact that Rossini still did not understand the music of Wagner, now he was not so categorical in his estimates, and already talked about her like this: "Wagner has a charming moments and terrible quarters of an hour." Wagner also changed his opinion on "Cleaner Factory Factory":

I confess, "he said after the conversation with Rossini," I didn't expect to meet such Rossini, which he was, - a man of simple, direct, serious, with a living interest belonging to everything we talked about ... as Mozart, he is in the most A high degree has a melodic gift, which is supported by the amazing little scene and dramatic expressiveness ... From all the musicians, what I met in Paris, he is the only really great musician!

(As you know, Wagner loved his music and his own artistic exclusivity, rather than truth and art. According to his views, if the art is not created by him, it means that it is not art. You have to be surprised at this Forest and, of course, sincerely Wagner's review about Rossini. Whatever it was, these words do the honor of the German composer.)

Little Crash in the Big Heart

"If we tell the truth," Rossini recognized at the end of the life of Rossini, "then I'm still able to write comic operas more. I was sweptily taken for comic plots than serious. Unfortunately, I did not choose Libretto for myself, and my impresario. And how many times did I have to write music, having only the first act before my eyes and not imagine how the action develops and how will the whole opera end? Think only ... at that time I had to feed my father, mother and grandmother. Kochua from the city to the city, I wrote three, four operas per year. And, you can believe me, it was still far from material well-being. For the "Seville Village" I received from the impresario a thousand two hundred francs and as a gift a walnut suit with gold buttons, so that I could appear in the orchestra in a decent form. This outfit cost, perhaps, a hundred francs, everything, therefore, a thousand three hundred francs. Since "Seville Village" I wrote thirteen days, then it was one hundred francs per day. As you can see, "Rossini added, smiling," I still received a solid salary. I was very proud of my own father, who was only two frenches of fifty centimes a day in the Perezaro to be a trumpet.

The decisive fracture in the material situation of Rossini came on the day when he decided to tie his destiny with Isabella Kolbran. This marriage brought Russian twenty thousand livra annual income. Before that day, Rossini could not afford to buy more than two costumes per year.

A constant lack of money - and maybe they are enough to have someone who is not used to refuse to ourselves in big and small pleasures? - Little-inlets turned Rossini, a person by nature of their grateful and generous, in the excellent screeching. When Rossini was asked if he had friends, he answered: "Of course there is. Lord Rothschild and Morgan. " - "Are that millionaires?" - "Yes, those the most." - "Probably, Maestro, did you choose such friends to be able to occupy money from them if necessary?" - "On the contrary, I call them friends just because they never take money from me!"

The superconduct of the maestro served as a source of numerous jokes and jokes. One of them tells about the domestic music evenings of Rossini, which almost always took place in the sinister twilight. The huge living room covered only two pathetic candles on the piano. One day, when the concert approached the end, and the flame already licked the Candlestick outlet, someone from his friends noticed the composer, which would be nice to add candles. What Rossini replied:

And you advise the ladies to wear more diamonds, they sparkle in the dark and well replace lighting ...

The famous dinners that gave the "generous" spouses of Rossini, did not cost them almost a single lira or franc. At the request of the "Divine Maestro", each invited was ... to bring food with me. Some carried a refined fish, others - expensive wines, the third - rare fruits ... Well, Ms. Rossini reminded of this "responsibilities" to guests. If there were a lot of invited (which was particularly beneficial for the purpose of savings), the number of dishes brought repeatedly exceeded the needs of one dinner, and surplus with joy hiding to the master's buffet - until the next dinner ...

But for "especially solemnly" dinners on Saturdays, Rossini is not considered any expenses. However, his second wife, Signora Olympia, can not cope with his misfortune. Each time a beautifully covered table is vases with amazingly fresh fruits. But before them, the case almost never comes. And all because of the Signora Olympia. That, she suddenly feels bad and comes out of the table, and if the hostess rose, and guests get up, then the servant Tonino will appear with some kind of specially prepared news or a message about an urgent visit, in a word, between guests and fruits always arises an obstacle. One day, one of the regular guests of Rossini gives a servant good tips and asks why in the house of Rossini guests can never try fruit.

Everything is very simple, "the servant confesses," Madame takes the fruit for a hire and must return them.

And yet, we will be honest: misfortune, no matter how fun it looks like, still the thing is unsightly and repulsive. For a man, this is completely vice. After parting with your first wife, Isabella Kolbran, Rossini left her Villa Kastenazo - the very villa that before the marriage belonged to her, one hundred and fifty Scoudo per month (pathetic crumbs!) And a modest apartment in the city for winter time. He spoke to friends:

I did no younger, in any case, everyone is opposed to her because of endless madness.

By madness, he meant her passion for the cards ...

On this occasion, Arnaldo Frakkaroli exclaims with regret: "Ah, Joakkino, the greatest and most famous maestro, have you already forgotten years spent in Naples, how did she help in your triumphs? What was the kind, glorious, generous friend? How expensive do people, even the greatest, thought about this metal! And how many cracks in the human heart are even someone who is assessed by a spark genius! "

"And moms are not! Moms no more ... "

Perhaps the only person who truly loved Rossini was his mother. To anyone, he did not write such long letters, was not so frank with anyone, he did not worry about anyone and did not care how his mother. To her, the favorite, he, without any shy, addresses his, full of hot love and respect, Messages: "The most beautiful Signore Rossini, the mother of the famous maestro, in Bologna." All his victories is her happiness, all his failures are her tears.

The death of the mother became a shock for him, from which he could not recover. A month after her funeral, on the day of the premiere of his new opera Moses, the audience began to demand the author on the stage. On challenges, for persistent requirements to go out to bows, he answered: "No, no, leave me!" We needed decisive actions and brought it almost force on the stage to the public. In response to a hurricane of applause and frantic cries, Rossini bowed several times, and the audience of the nearest rows with amazement saw in the eyes of Maestro tears. Is it possible? Is it possible for Rossini, incorrigible prejudice to Rossini, unnecessary prejudice, was so excited? So, the storm of this success shook him? But only nearby artists could understand the riddle of this excitement. Leaving the scene, they told, the winner mumbled through the tears, loosely, like a child: "And there are no moms! Moms no more ... "

The death of the mother, the failure of his new opera "Wilhelm Tool", the decision of the new French government to refuse him in his appointed pension, gastric pains, impotence and other misfortunes, and once filled with him, led to severe depression. They became more and more to master the thrust for loneliness, pusing his natural tendency to merry. In 39 years of illness, Rossini, at that time, the most famous and demanded composer of Europe, suddenly throw writing music, refuses secular life and former friends, and retire in his small house in Bologna, together with the new wife - Frenchwoman Olympia Pejsis.

In the next four decades, the composer has not written a single opera. All his creative baggage over the years is several small compositions in vocal and instrumental genres. For some twenty years, it has achieved everything, and suddenly - complete silence and demonstrative removal from the world. Such a cessation of composer activity in the very zenith of skills and glory is a unique phenomenon in the history of world musical culture.

When the disease began to inspire serious concerns for his psyche, Olympia persuaded him to change the situation and go to Paris. Fortunately, treatment in France turned out to be successful: very slowly his physical and mental state began to improve. It returned to him if not gaiety, then wit; The music that was a forbidden topic for many years, again began to come to his mind. April 15, 1857 - Name Day of Olympia - became a kind of turning point: on this day, Rossini devoted his wife a cycle of romances, which composed secretly from everyone. In this miracle it was difficult to believe: the brain of the Great Man, who considered forever faded, suddenly caught fire again with bright light!

A number of small plays followed the romance cycle - Rossini called them "sins of my old age." Finally, in 1863 it appeared last - and truly significant - the work of Rossini: "Little solemn Mass". This Mesa is not very solemn and not at all small, but beautiful on music and imbued with deep sincerity.

Rossini died on November 13, 1868 and was buried in Paris on the cemetery of Per Lashez. After a maestro left two and a half million perishes. Most of these funds he bequeathed to the creation of a music school in Pesaro. Expressing the appreciation of France for hospitality, he established two annual prizes of three thousand francs for the best performance of opera or spiritual music and for outstanding libretto in verses and prose. It also intended for the creation of a house for elderly French singers, as well as vocalists from Italy, who made a career in France.

After 19 years, at the request of the Italian government, the coffin with the body of the composer was transported to Florence and ran into the Church of Santa Croce near the ashes of Galilee, Michelangelo, Machiavelli and other great Italians.

"LIFE WOULD BE A MISTAKE WITHOUT MUSIC"

Trying to explain what the secret of the extraordinary attractiveness of the music of Rossini, Standal wrote: "The main feature of the music of Rossini is speed, already in itself distracting the soul from sad sadness. This is a freshness that makes me smile with each cloth. None of what difficulties do not think: we are entirely in the power of pleasure, which we captured. I do not know any other music that would be so purely physically acted on you ... That's why the scores of all other composers seem heavy and boring compared to the music of Rossini. "

Lion Tolstoy made one time this entry in his diary: "I do not disappear if this world is flying to Tartarara. That's just a pity music. " Friedrich Nietzsche said: "Without music, life would be a mistake." Maybe the music is just that little, what makes our life more or less tolerable?

A, actually, what is music? This is, first of all, our experience. And the task of any music, expressing the words of Berran Russell, is to give us emotions, the main of which is joy and consolation. If Bach is cleansing and humility, Beethoven is despair and hope, Mozart - a game and laughter, then Rossini is delighted and joy. The delight of sincere and unrestrained. And the joy is clean and jubilant, as in childhood ...

For the joy of this - our low bow to you, Signor Joakkino Rossini! And our grateful applause:

Bravo, Maestro! Bravo, Rossini !! BRAVSIMO !!!

Alexander Kazakevich