Lesson property of air and its application presentation. Presentation on the topic "air and its properties"
Read also
Description of the presentation on individual slides:
1 slide
Description of the slide:
Completed by: Makarova I.N. Municipal autonomous educational institution "Gymnasium No. 76", Rostov-on-Don Mezhdurechensk, 2007
2 slide
Description of the slide:
I. Introduction. 1. Rationale for the choice of the topic of work. 2. Goals and objectives of the work. II. Main part. 1. Composition of air and its properties. Experiences. 2. The use of air in human life. 3. The negative impact of human activities on the air. 4. Ways to maintain clean air in urban life. III. Conclusion.
3 slide
Description of the slide:
At the lessons of the world around us at school, we studied the composition and properties of air. I got interested in this topic. I wonder if air weighs and how people use it. What will further air pollution, deforestation and burning of forests lead to? How to protect the earth, sky and ourselves from global climate change? I think this is a hot topic. This is what I want to talk about in my work. Purpose: to clarify the properties of air and its significance in human life. Tasks: 1. Collect and analyze information about the properties of air and its importance in life. 2. Perform experiments proving the "useful" properties of air. 3. Develop and propose ways to maintain clean air in urban life. The object of study is air. The subject of research is the properties of air and its significance in life. Methods of work - experiments, observation, comparison, analysis of literature. Hypothesis - I, like many others, suggested that air is of great importance in human life.
4 slide
Description of the slide:
Air is a mixture of different gases: nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen. You can depict this as a circle with multi-colored segments. All gases are invisible. There are other gases in the air: argon, neon, helium, methane, krypton. The quantitative ratio of these gases in the air is small.
5 slide
Description of the slide:
Experiments We inhale air in which there is oxygen, and we exhale air with almost no oxygen. Experience number 1. Take a large inflatable ball and inflate it. Now let's inhale the air from the ball and exhale it there. Breathe in, breathe out, breathe in, breathe out. But we won't be able to do it for a long time. Because we can not, because there is not enough oxygen. We “caught” it all out of the ball. If there was a mouse inside the ball, it would suffocate. But oxygen is needed for more than just breathing. Experience number 2. I light a piece of paper on a saucer. Is it on? Lit. I cover it with a glass. One, two, three... went out. And why? Yes, because there can be no fire without oxygen. All gases in air are transparent and colorless. But you can see the air - invisible. Experience number 3. Let's put a drinking tube into the water and blow. Bubbles will run out of it or let's put an empty bottle into a bucket of water, then bubbles will also run out of the neck. This is the air!
6 slide
Description of the slide:
The air in the atmosphere is constantly moving. Warm air is lighter than cold air, so it rises. Colder air rushes down to fill the vacant space. It turns out the wind. Man has used the power of the wind for a long time. Already in ancient times, the waves of the seas and oceans plowed sailing ships. In order to grind grain, people forced the wind to rotate the huge wings of windmills. And the Montgolfier brothers figured out how to use the ability of warm air to rise. They They filled the balloon with air, it took off. Car tires Automatic door opening in an electric train Soccer ball
7 slide
Description of the slide:
Humanity has long polluted the planet with smoke, garbage and other rubbish. The pipes of plants, factories, power plants release entire rivers of carbon dioxide. Jets of carbon dioxide escape from the exhaust pipes of cars. Its amount in the air is increasing. Aerosols and refrigerators emit chlorinated and fluorinated hydrocarbons. Nitrous oxide comes from exhaust gases and fertilizers. Rotting plants and debris release methane. Carbon dioxide is produced when forests are burned.
8 slide
Description of the slide:
How can we stop unwanted climate change? For this, all people should make as much effort as possible. In December 1997, at a meeting in Kyoto (Japan) dedicated to global climate change, delegates from more than 160 countries adopted a convention obliging developed countries to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Scientists and engineers are improving ways to store solar and wind energy. In the production of electricity by these methods, polluting gases are not emitted. Many enterprises operate installations that trap dust, soot, and poisonous gases. Scientists are developing new cars that will not pollute the air.
Organizes problem research.
What is air?
Well done. But air is not just a gas, but a mixture of gases?
Does anyone know what gases air is made of? Open textbooks on C25 and find out what gases the air consists of.
Look at the chart
What gas is in the air the most?
What is the most important gas in the air? Why?
What gas becomes more in the exhaled air?
What helps reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air?
In the classroom we see a board, a desk, walls, outside the window - houses, trees, clouds. Can we see air?
And how to prove that air is not an empty place, how to prove its presence? I suggest you do some experiments.
Group work. Task for conducting experiments
1 group
Experiences:
Experience 1. Wave your hands around your face. What do you feel? Wind is the movement of air. It makes objects move and spin, forms waves, raises clouds of dust.
Think about how a person makes the wind help himself?
You and I were able to feel the air, can you see it?
Experience 2. Take the straws and blow through them into the water. What do you see?
So you can see air.
Experience 3. On the desks there are basins of water and pieces of a sponge. Take the sponge in your hand, lower it to the bottom of the basin and squeeze the sponge with your fingers. What do you see?
And how can you prove that there is air, for example, in a funnel?
Experience 4. Look, I have a large funnel in my hands, a rubber ball is attached to its narrow part. I will now lower the funnel with a wide part into the water. What happens to the ball? Why is he pouting?
Experience 5. Take a book in one hand. What do you feel? Does the book weigh? Is the air heavy? Does it have weight?
Let's take two balloons, inflated by- differently and weigh them. (I hang two balls to the pharmacy scales - inflated and inflated). See which ball is heavier? So air has weight.
Experience 6. And now I will ask you a difficult task, How can you lower a piece of cork floating on the surface to the bottom of a basin of water without soaking its upper part, and soaking your hands?
This can be done with a glass turned upside down, placed over the cork and lowered to the bottom of the basin. The air bell displaces the water and the plug descends with the water level.
Use of this property.
During underwater work, when work needs to be done in a dry environment, huge bells - caissons - are lowered into the water. Air remains under such a bell and a person can work without scuba gear and an underwater suit. This property has been used for a long time. When ships sank, people searched for treasures.
Experience 7 . Immerse a transparent glass bottle with an insert tube into boiling water and after 1-2 minutes quickly remove it and lower it with a tube down into a glass of tinted water. A colored fountain is formed.
Think about why a fountain is formed?
This means that air expands when heated and contracts when cooled.
What other useful properties does air have? Think about which mittens are warm: cloth or down? Why do animals and birds put on warm fluffy coats for winter?
Why do you think bushes, beds are covered with snow, do
snow retention in the fields?
What color do you think the air is?
We open first property of air: pure air is invisible and colorless.
But a thick layer of air has color. Look out the window.
What do you see above?
(Sky) What color is it? What can it be? Why?
Conclusion: With the help of vision, air can still be detected in some cases.
We can feel the air as it moves
The blue sky is a thick layer of air illuminated by the sun. If the Earth were not surrounded by air, we would see the fiery disk of the Sun in the black sky.
We are accustomed to call the ocean of air - the sky.What is the role of the air ocean on Earth?
Can a person live without air?
Cover your mouth and nose with your hands.
Take a deep breath and count how much you can without air.
What was the desire?
It's scary to even think what will happen if the air suddenly disappears. Without air, we will simply die.
Experience 8
Now take a deep breath, what do you feel?
Does the air smell like anything?
Close your eyes.
And now?
We smell when particles of a substance enter our nose.
Questions are being asked:
What action has been taken now? How did you manage to smell at a short distance?
Where do you smell strong odors?
So what is the conclusion?
Fizminutka
The air will help you relax.
Ex. "Flower field".
Now relax, imagine that you are in a forest clearing, surrounded by beautiful flowers. Pick the flower you like best. Smell it.
What word expresses its fragrant aroma?
Take a deep breath and say (AH!)
Where could people apply this property of air?
People noticed this property of air and decided to use it to lift various objects up. So the balloon was invented.
He moved where the wind blew. Soon, scientists created a balloon that was equipped with a steering wheel, it could be controlled. Such a balloon was called an aerostat.
Continuation of the experiment: The water in the cup was diluted with cold water and the balloon was blown away.
Conclusion: Air expands when heated and contracts when cooled.
Experience 9.
Put a book on the inflated balloon.
What happened to the ball?
put away book
Now what do we see? (Acquired a round shape)
Air resists compression. This property is called elasticity.
Show 2 balloons - one is more elastic.
Which ball is more elastic? Why?
Can I make the second ball as bouncy as the first? How?
And what will happen to the air in the second balloon if we add more air there? (The air will compress) Soair can be compressedConclusion: Air is compressible and elastic.
Where is the compressibility property applied?
The use of air in balls, car tires is based on this property.needed by astronauts, divers, used in the hospital, in intensive care).Used by firefighters to get a strong jet of water to extinguish a fire. With the help of compressed air, painters spray paint, covering the walls with it. A jackhammer is activated, with which the miners break off coal. Compressed air is used to brake trams and trains.)
Look at the window frames. This is a great invention. It lets light into the room, but does not let heat and cold through. Why? Why are the windows double-glazed? What is between them? What property of air is manifested
CONCLUSION : Air is a poor conductor of heat
Why clothes keep our body warm?
- Why sparrows in cold weather
sitting ruffled?
What is warmer in winter: in felt boots or leather boots?
In grades 2-3 of elementary school, when studying the topic of air around the world, children are often offered to make a presentation as homework.
So that your presentation does not look like classmates' projects, we offer a selection of materials on the topic of air.
To create your own presentation, you will need:
- images
Download a presentation about air from our website.
Some of the slides are shown below.
Texts used for presentation about air:
Air is a mixture of gases, consisting of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, relatively little carbon dioxide, and water vapor.
Air is transparent and invisible, odorless, has no definite volume, has a mass lighter than water, warm is lighter than cold and rises.
The flight of airplanes, balloons, the movement of a sailboat and a wind farm, the soaring of birds, the operation of a vacuum cleaner - all this happens due to the properties of air: elasticity, compressibility, mass.
The low thermal conductivity of the air is used, for example, in double window frames. Glasses themselves do not protect from the cold, they only retain air, which does not conduct heat well. And the desired temperature is maintained in the apartment.
Animals raise their fur, birds flutter when they are cold, and a person puts on a warm sweater, all this only in order to surround himself with an airy shell that does not conduct heat well.
Sound is vibrations in the air that are picked up by the ear. The most grandiose cosmic catastrophes, for example, the explosion of a star, pass completely silently, in perfect silence. We can experience the pleasure of hearing sound only on Earth, where there is atmospheric air.
Air pollution leads to the greenhouse effect. The surface of the globe is gradually warming up. The glaciers at the poles are melting, the level of the world ocean is rising. More and more cataclysms fall on humanity. A person, in order to live comfortably in the future, must take care of protecting the purity of the air, reducing emissions from industrial enterprises and cars. This is a question of the existence of a bright future.
Wind is one of the ordinary phenomena of nature. Familiar and understandable to everyone. Sometimes pleasant, sometimes unpleasant (tornado, tornado, hurricane).
What is the wind? Where the air is heated more, it rises, colder and heavier air sinks. We say the wind is blowing.
slide 1
slide 2
Formation of ideas about air as an important component of the life of all life on earth. Formation of skills to present the received information in the form of graphic drawings. Formation of skills to work in a group
slide 3
If we look at our Earth from space, we will see that there is more water on Earth than land.
slide 4
slide 5
slide 6
AIR OCEAN In addition to the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian and Arctic oceans, there is another ocean in the world - the largest of all, and you, every day, every hour, every minute, without noticing it, "bath" in it. And passers-by on the street, and cats, and dogs, and pigeons, even buses and cars “bathe” in this ocean day and night. This ocean is not salty, not fresh, and besides, without shores and water. Like huge silver fish, planes float through its expanses. What do you think about the ocean? (Air)
Slide 7
WHAT IS AIR COMPOSED OF? The air consists of several gases, they are invisible, but in order to better imagine which gases in the air are more and which are less, I will show you a graphic drawing - a “balloon”.
Slide 8
Man and space Four oceans of water have spread widely over the Earth, and the fifth - air - over the Earth. At the surface of the Earth, the air is thick, dense, although we do not notice it. The higher, the less air density, here it is, as scientists say, DISCHARGED. And you can “emerge” from the ocean of air only on a spaceship. After all, where airless space ends - space.
Slide 9
PROTECTING THE EARTH The air surrounding our Earth is its amazing blue "shirt". In such a "shirt" our planet does not overheat from the Sun. In addition, the air shell, like combat chain mail, protects the Earth from space projectiles - meteorites. When heavenly stones bombard our planet, they fall into the air layers of the Earth. Here they are so hot that, before reaching the Earth, they burn out. The air shell of the Earth protects us from invisible cosmic rays. They would have destroyed all life on Earth long ago, but the air does not let them through.
slide 10
WORK OF AIR The air surrounding our Earth performs a very important job - it monitors the climate on our planet. Distills cold air to the south, warm - to the north. It collects moisture from the seas and oceans, rivers and lakes and gives it to the land. In summer, he waters the earth with rain, and in winter he covers it with a fluffy blanket so that plants do not freeze, so that animals and birds do not suffer from severe frosts.
slide 11
SIGNIFICANCE OF AIR As soon as they do not call the air surrounding our Earth: an air shell; air ocean; ATMOSPHERE. All life on earth breathes air. But what is surprising is that people and animals breathe oxygen, planes and cars burn it, plants and factories cannot work without it. Why isn't it getting smaller? Because there are green plants on Earth! They are a real oxygen factory. Plants use sunlight to convert CARBON DIOXIDE, which is harmful to all living things, into OXYGEN and return it back to the atmosphere.
slide 2
What is air?
Air is a mixture of gases. It consists of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gases. Nitrogen (78%) Oxygen (21%) Carbon dioxide (1%)
slide 3
The air is transparent, colorless, tasteless. Can we see air? - In some cases, yes! If you take a glass of water and blow through a straw, you can see air bubbles.
slide 4
Air occupies the entire volume provided to it
slide 5
There is always air around us in the classroom, on the street, at home; If we begin to inflate the balloon, the air will fill all the space provided.
slide 6
A person uses the property of air - movement.
Windmills and wind farms are being built. The wind blows the sails of the ships.
Slide 7
Air is compressible and elastic
When the ball hits the floor, the air in the ball compresses. But since the air is elastic, it tends to expand, and the ball bounces off the floor with force.
Slide 8
Warm air rises
This property of air can also be seen at home, when warm air rises from the chimney. People noticed this property of air and decided to use it to lift various objects up. So the balloon was invented.
Slide 9
Air keeps you warm
Why do animals wear warm fluffy coats for winter? In fluffy fur coats between the villi there is more air, which retains heat. Why do animals and birds hide in the snow in extreme cold? Although the snow is cold, there is air between the snowflakes. This air also protects animals from the cold.