Tretyakov Gallery Number of exhibits. Masterpieces of the Tretyakov Gallery

In the list of famous art museums in the world State Tretyakov Gallery It takes one of the highest places. Today, its collections present more than 180 thousand exhibits, among which are paintings, sculptures and jewelry. The exhibited masterpieces were created in the historical period dated by the XI-twentieth centuries. The building, where the main collection is located, was built in 1906, and today is incorporated into the register of cultural heritage of the Russian Federation.

Every year the museum visits more than one and a half million people.

History of creating a gallery

May 22, 1856, patron and successful industrialist Pavel Tretyakov I bought the picture of Vasily Khudyakova "Shake with Finnish smugglers." This day is considered the date of the founding of the museum, which Tretyakov together with his brother conceived for a long time. He dreamed of presenting people of Russian artists. Soon the collection was replenished with the "Procession in Easter" web, "Peter I interrogated Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich in Peterhof" N. Ge and many others. The collection has grown and multiplied, and Tretyakov decided to show the pictures of the audience. In 1867, he opened the first gallery in his own estate in Lavrushinsky Lane. At that time, the meeting included 1276 paintings, almost five hundred drawings, a small collection of sculptures and several dozen works of foreign artists.

Tretyakov supported many little-known masters and, thanks to his patronage, became famous Vasnetsov and Makovsky. By purchasing paintings, unwanted by the authorities, the founder of the gallery inspired painters to freedom of thoughts and courage against censors.

The National Museum of the Tretyakovka became at the end of the XIX century, and from now on anyone could visit it and absolutely free. In 1892, after the death of Brother Pavel Tretyakov transmits a collection of a gift to the city. So in Moscow appears art gallery, which over time becomes one of the largest assemblies of artwork on the planet.

When the Tretyakov had just begun to collect pictures, their collection was located in the rooms of the mansion where the brothers lived. But in 1860, they decided to build a separate building for the storage of the collection, which by that time went into a solid artistic assembly. A two-story extension to the Tretyak mansion received a separate entrance for visitors, and the pictures are two spacious halls.

New paintings continued to arrive, and the gallery was put up and completed. After the death of the owners, the mansion was reconstructed, and at the beginning of the twentieth century it was united with gallery halls. The facade in the form of an ancient terme was designed by the artist Vasnetsov.

Golden Foundation Tretyakovka

The oldest exhibits of the museum will see in the collection of icon painting of the XII-XVII centuries. For example, the image of the Vladimir icon of the Mother of God, brought at the beginning of the XII century from Constantinople. After the persecution of the ROC during the formation of the Soviet power, Icon got into the museum.

Rublevskaya "Trinity" - Another world-famous masterpiece of Russian icon painting. The author created it in memory of Sergei Radonezh in the first third of the XV century.

Master Dionysia - no less famous icon painter, and his work "Alexey Metropolitan", written in the late XV century, is also in the list of the most valuable exhibits of the Tretyakov Collections.

Unknown to the master of the Mikhailovsky Gosteuric Monastery at the beginning of the XII century produced mosaic depicting Saint Dmitry Solunsky. In the work of them were used frosted colored stones and Golden Smalta. Work is exhibited in the department of Russian icon painting.

Among the set of clients of the State Tretyakovskaya Gallery of special attention of visitors, the most famous pictures are usually honored.

The XVIII century is presented by works Dmitry Levitsky, Vladimir Borovikovsky and Fedor Rockotov. The most famous works of this era - portraits of Gabriel Golovkin, the former companion of Peter I, and the Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. The first was written by Ivan Nikitin, and the queen was painted Georg Groot.

The replacement of the XIX century gave the world of new artists, presented in the museum especially widely:

Outstanding masterpiece I. Kramsky "Stranger" Pictures a young woman who drives in an open crew along Nevsky Prospect. Neither in the letters of the artist, nor in his diaries there is not even a hint of the identity of the model, and her name remains a mystery at all times.

- "Princess Tarakanova" Konstantin Flavitsky Pictures the death of the adventurers who gave himself for the daughter of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna and Sister Pugachev. After exposing the woman was thrown into the caasemates of the Petropavlovsk fortress, where, as the legend says, died from flooding. The picture was written by Flavitsky in 1864. The critic of Stasov called her "the brilliant creation of Russian painting."

Another amazingly beautiful female portrait, exposed in Tretyakov - "Girl with peaches". The picture shows the daughter of Savva Mamontov, but attracts viewers to the canvas V. Serov. completely different. The work is permeated with amazing light and filled with freshness, which does not disappear over time.

The textbook scenery is called work A. Savrasova "Gracchi flew". Critics consider the picture an important stage in the development of landscape painting in Russia. Despite the simpleness of the plot, the picture seems to be particularly close to the heart of any Russian man.

- "Moonlight Night on Capri" Pictures the sea scenery of the Naples Bay. Her author is a famous Russian marinist artist I. Ayvazovsky, painter of the Chief Maritime Staff and the author of amazing works dedicated to the sea.

There is an opinion that "Prival Hunters" were written V. Pepov Based on the stories I. Turgenev. The plot composition, represented by the author of the audience, depicts three landowners who stayed on vacation after successful hunting. Perov managed so brightly portray the characters and the surrounding environment that the viewer becomes an involuntary participant in the conversation of hunters.

- "Unequal marriage" V. PukirevaAccording to his contemporaries, it was written by the artist at the time of his own torment: the beloved girl Pukireva was married for the calculation. The picture is made with great love, and the mood of the heroes are transferred to the master. Self-portrait of the artist on the canvas you can also see - he stands behind the bride, arms crossed on his chest.

Another three famous canvas XIX century. In the Tretyakov, the enthusiastic spectators are invariably:

Picture "Ivan Grozny and Son His Ivan on November 16, 1581" Ilya Repin Look more known to the public called "Ivan Grozny kills his son." The artist depicts the moment that occurred in a couple of seconds after the fateful strike, which the king inflicted Tsarevich Ivan. The distraught from Grief Tyran and the failed heir taking his fate was discharged so skillfully that the picture still causes the brightest feelings and emotions from the audience.

- "The phenomenon of Christ to the people" A. Ivanov wrote about 20 years. During the work, he created several hundred etudes and called the plot of his canvas "Worldwide". Ivanov believed that I was depicting the moment of time that played a decisive role in the fate of all mankind. Huge cloth is exhibited in a separate room built for him in the 30s of the last century.

- "Bogatyri" Vasnetsova Pictures three heroes of Russian epic in mighty horses in military armor. They inspect the surroundings and demonstrate their readiness to protect the land Russian from enemies. According to the author, he sought to "identify the continuity of the heroic past of the Russian people with his great future."

The twentieth century is presented by the works of Petrova-Vodkina, Benoit, Crimea, Shagal, Konchalovsky, Korovina, as well as the sculptures of faith Muhina. The authors of the Soviet period, whose pictures were honored to take their place on the walls of the Tretyakov - Isaac Brodsky, the team of Kukryniks, Tatyana Yablonskaya, Evgeny Vuchethich and many others.

Branches of the Tretyakov Gallery

The main body of the gallery is located at: Lavrushinsky Lane, 10. It represents the permanent exposition of the museum and periodically introduces visitors with temporary exhibitions. Recently, an engineering building was attached to the main building, where residents and guests of the capital are presented meetings of regional museums. In addition, the Tretyakovka has several branches:

- New Tretyakovka on the Crimean Shaft It was built near the place where P. Tretyakov was born, who founded the museum. The branch demonstrates work in the modern style, written in the XX-XI centuries.

Tretyakovka for more than century of existence managed to become legendary: every year, people from all corners of the globe come to see the exhibits that are stored here. A unique museum that gathered picturesque masterpieces in his walls leads a story not only about the development of art, but also about the difficult path of the Russian people reflected in the paintings of the famous domestic masters.

Long and glorious officially began in 1856. The emergence of a famous now museum is associated with the name Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov, who at that time began to collect a collection of works of modern domestic artists.

About Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov

Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov was born in 1832 in a rich family belonging to the well-known merchant family. Like all siblings of wealthy surnames, Paul received an excellent formation. Over time, he began to help his father in commercial affairs. After leaving both parents, Tretyakov engaged in the development of a family case: the factory enterprise grew and brought more and more income.

However, Pavel Mikhailovich has always been interested in the history of art. On the creation of the first permanent exposition of Russian painting, he wondered long before the foundation of the museum. True, two years before the discovery of the Tretyakov Gallery, the future patronage acquired pictures of Dutch masters, and only in 1856 the beginning of its legendary Russian collection was found. The first canvases in it were painted by oil "temptation" N. Schilder and "Shash with Finnish smugglers" V. Khudyakov. Then the names of these artists were not yet known to the general public, and Pavel Mikhailovich began his assembly of paintings from their work.

Within a few decades, the Tretyakov collected the canvas of the outstanding masters of painting, supported friendly relations with many artists and helped those of them who needed it. A brief history of the birth of the Great Collection would not attend the names of everyone who was grateful to the patron.

House for paintings.

The Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow is among the leading world museums. The main building is located in Lavrushinsky Lane, relating to one of the most ancient regions of the capital - Zamoskvorechye, the new halls on the Crimean shaft.

The history of the Tretyakov Buildings is a permanent expansion of the area. Initially, the paintings were located directly in the collector's house. Then the merchant mansion of the Tretyakov was attached a kind of passage, which surrounded the house from three sides. Since 1870, the exhibition has become available for visiting. Over time, an understanding has come to accommodate the entire pictorial collection on the existing space is no longer possible, therefore in 1875 and was built on a special order of Pavel Mikhailovich the building of the Tretyakov Gallery, constantly growing with those times the necessary squares.

Application Replenishment: Major Milestones

According to the creator, the Tretyakov Museum should include only the works of Russian artists and only those of their works that would transmit a special essence of the genuine Russian soul.

In the summer of 1892, the collection was presented as a gift to Moscow. At that time, the meeting consisted of 1,287 paintings and 518 graphic works of Russian artists. The exposition included more than 80 works of European authors and a numerous assembly of icons. Since then, at the expense of the city treasury, the gallery began to be replenished by real masterpieces of world art. Thus, the collateral of the Treasury for the history of Russia in 1917 to the fatal of the Russian history consisted of 4,000 storage units. A year later, the gallery became state, then there was a nationalization of a variety of private collections. In addition, the history of the artistic assembly continued to enter the foundation of works from small Moscow museums: the Tsvetkov Gallery, the Rumyantsev Museum, the Museum of Icon Pouring and Painting I. S. Ostrukhov. That is why at the beginning of the thirties of the last century the collection was more than five times increased. At the same time, the work of Western European masters go to other meetings.

Such is the history of the creation of the State Tretyakov Gallery, which stores the canvas, capable of taking the identity of the Russian person.

Today's day and prospects

Now the Tretyakov Gallery is no longer just a museum exposition, but also the Center for the Study of Art. The opinion of its employees and specialists is highly appreciated worldwide, experts and restorers are considered among the most professional arts in the modern world. A unique local library is another taste of the Tretyakov: the book assembly contains more than 200,000 specialized volume volumes.

The most significant exhibits are exhibited in a historic building. Exposure is divided into sections:

• old Russian art (XII-XVIII centuries);
• painting from the XVII century to the first half of the XIX;
• painting the second half of the XIX and turn of the XIX and XX centuries;
• russian graphics of the XIII - early XX century;
• russian sculpture of the XIII - early XX century.

Today, the collection includes more than 170,000 works of Russian art, while the replenishment of exposures and storage continues. Artists, private donors, a variety of organizations and heirs bring wonderful works as a gift, which means that the history of the creation of a unique collection of domestic masterpieces is not completed.

Once to the main building of the Tretyakov Gallery, you can see the canvas of the famous artists of Russia. The most ancient work dates from the eleventh century.

Tretyakov Gallery: How to get to see

The famous museum was founded - a rich merchant. He began to buy Russian artists. Over time, the entertainment has become a real hobby, and the patrons spent big money around the world to acquire the work of his compatriots.

The museum became a real bank of paintings, where the most famous masterpieces of the Tretyakov Gallery are posted. It presents the best painting of Russia from the 11th century and at our day.

You can get to the gallery on Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday from 10 am and up to 6 pm, and on Thursday and Friday - from 10 am and up to 9 pm. Monday is a weekend. So what can be seen in the Tretyakov Gallery?

Paintings with historical background

One of the most famous masterpieces, which are exhibited in the main exposition of the museum, became the picture "Apotheosis of War". Posted by her famous artist in 1871. He created an eternally relevant picture, being impressed by the fight in Turkestan. Then the gentle soul of the painter struck the cruelty to which people are capable of.

The initial title of the picture is "Tamerlan Celebration."

The painting has a prehistory. The legend says that Tamerlan punished the crop male Damascus. He heard complaints from women that men ceased to behave decently. Then Tamerlan gathered an army, and each soldier ordered to bring such a depraved man on one head of such a depraved man. It is said that at the legs of the military man then it turned out to be seven huge pyramids built from the skulls of those killed.

A little later, Vereshchagin realized that this image was suitable for absolutely any war, which carries destruction and death. In the Tretyakov Gallery you can see other creations.

Another historic web is the Picture of Surikov called "Boayn Morozov". The artist in his picture depicted a historical event of the seventeenth century. Then the church was split. Some of her representatives wanted change, while others adhered to old traditions. The second later named Old Believers. Among them was the Feodosia Morozov. The fate of Boyari was very heavy. Representatives of the new church were severely straightened with dissent, without sparing children and women. Morozov was arrested, and then planted to the earthen pit, where they stopped feeding. She died of hunger.

Surikov painted himself in the image of a wanderer watching cruel action.

Household paintings

What can be seen in the Tretyakov Gallery on the themes from ordinary life?

Artist Vasily Pukirev in the painting "unequal marriage" managed to transfer all despair, tested by a young girl who was doomed to marriage with an old man.

The painter for no accident drew this canvas as believable, and it seems that he is alive. The guide in the museum will definitely tell visitors that the author himself suffered from such a marriage. His beloved was obliged to go beyond the rich dignitary.

If you look at the masterpiece more closely, then Chapher's bride is clearly opposed to this marriage, and there is Vasily Pukirev. His sullen face and folded on his chest hand indicate how much he is saddened and angry.

Political paintings

What can be viewed in the Tretyakov Gallery on this topic? One of the bright examples of political canvases was the painting of Repin "did not expect".

Under such a name in the gallery, two works are hanging at once. Both of them are the creation of the hands of Ilya Repin. Both became one of the most famous paintings in the popular culture of Russia. Works presented in the Tretyakov Gallery:

On the first picture, the student returns home.

In the Tretyakov Gallery, you can see the "bathing of a red horse" Petrov-Vodkina (also partially political themes).

The name of the canvas is a symbol of Russia the times of the artist. The horse rushes to the will. And the ride, ascending on it, is too inexperienced and small.

Petrov-Vodkin handed the horse with real. The living prototype responded to the nickname boy. A teenager in the picture was the student of the artist named Kalmykov Sergey. The recording of Kalmykov himself left its descendants, proud of what was on the masterpiece.

Religious paintings

The highlight of the collection was the "Trinity", written by Andrey Rublev. He was a famous icon painter. The picture was created back in the fifteenth century. It depicts three angels who gathered for conversation. This work stores the Tretyakov Gallery. Pictures (what to see more, we describe in the article) religious themes are not limited to this epochable work.

The image is placed in the department The gallery administration fenced the picture with a special glass, in which the desired temperature and the level of humidity is always adjusted so that it can be seen and the next generation.

The painting of the Kramsky "Unknown" became a symbol of St. Petersburg. On her, a girl in a carriage rides on an anichkov bridge. Many studies of artist's creativity are trying to find out who this mysterious lady. According to one version, it is Anna Karenina - the heroine of the artwork of L. Tolstoy. On the second one - and the third version states that the picture is depicted the daughter of Kramsky himself. The girl compares Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece - "Joconda".

Romanticism

Posted quite provocative for this time a picture with the proud title "Beauty". This work is not recommended to watch opponents of nude graphics, because it shows the charming actress of the local theater, which the artist wrote from nature. Boris Kustodiev drew a picture, relying only on a small sketch of the pencil, which the actress did during the visit.

The interior of the room was syrupted from the artist's apartment.

Fairy tales and legends

Fans of interesting legends who do not know what can be seen in the Tretyakov Gallery from this, do not despair. In this section, you can easily put the picture of Vasnetsov "Bogatyry". This work is known to the majority of us. The painter worked over her for almost twenty years.

Three famous Russian heroes are drawn in the picture. They are the main characters of many folk fairy tales.

In this work, there is also a mystery. Despite the fact that Dobrynya is always depicted in the form of a young guy, Vasnetsov made it more mature. Art historians are confident that its creator is in the picture.

The only real character is Ilya Muromet. He became famous for his feats that really had a place. Muromets became a monk in old age, he lived in the Kiev Lavra to death.

The second most popular is called the work of Vrubel "Tsarevna-Swan". The picture can be found on the huge and sad eyes of the heroine. The artist remained faithful to his style. The author had the opportunity to create a design to the Opera "Tale of the Tsar Saltan". Her author is Roman-Korsakov, inspired by the famous work of Pushkin.

Vrubel spoke very highly about the master party's performer. It was from her "Tsarevna-Swan" was drawn.

Nature

Nobody, probably, did not like the nature like Ivan Shishkin. Visitors to the Museum, tired of walking in different chairs, but still interested in what can be seen in the Tretyakov Gallery, it is recommended to sit down from the painting "Morning in Pine Bor", relax, and completely imbued with the beauty of the surrounding nature. This masterpiece in the people called this: "Three Bear." However, on the canvas four bears, and not three.

The picture was so popular that candy was issued with its reproduction in Soviet times.

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At least in order to see the paintings "Girl with Peaches", "Gracchi flew", "the phenomenon of Christ to the people", "Morning in the Pine Forest" and many other works of Russian visual art, familiar even to all far from painting people for candy Wraps and Internet memes.

website I had kicked up in the Collections of the Art Museum and chose 10 paintings with an interesting story. We hope they will inspire you to go to the Tretyakov Gallery.

"Apotheosis of War" Vasily Vereshchagin

The picture was written in 1871 under the impression of hostilities in Turkestan, struck eyewitnesses to their cruelty. Initially, the canvas was called "Tamerlane Celebration", the troops of which were left behind such pyramids of skulls. According to the story, the women of Baghdad and Damascus turned to Tamerlan, who complained about their husbands, mired in sins and debauchery. Then the cruel commander ordered each soldier from his 200 thousandth army to bring down the chopped head of the briefings. After the order was executed, 7 pyramids from the heads were laid.

"Unequal marriage" Vasily Pukirev

The picture shows the process of wedding in the Orthodox Church. Young bride-idleness against the will is married to an old official. According to one of the versions, the painting is the love drama of the artist himself. The prototype in the image of the bride shows the failed bride of Vasily Pukireva. And in the image of the shower, depicted at the edge of the painting for the bride, with hands folded on the chest, is the artist himself.

"Boayer Morozova" Vasily Surikov

Giant sizes (304 per 586 cm) Painting Vasily Surikova depicts a scene from the history of church split in the XVII century. The picture is devoted to the Frost Feodosia of the procopievna - the associate of the spiritual leader of the supporters of the old faith of the Avvakum Protopopa. Around 1670, she secretly kneaded into the nuns, in 1671 he was arrested and sent to the Paftyev-Borovsky monastery, where she was wororagorized by hunger in an earthen prison.

The picture shows the episode when Morozov is drunk in Moscow to the place of imprisonment. Next to Morozova - her sister Evdokia Urusova, dividing the fate of the splitter; In the depths - a wanderer, in the person of which the artist features.

"I did not expect" Ilya Repin

In the second picture, written in 1884-1888, depicts the moment of an unexpected return home of the political exile. A boy and a woman behind the piano (apparently, his wife) is happy, the girl looks alert, the maid is incredulously, in the messenger eagle in the foreground, a deep peaceful shock is felt.

Currently both paintings are part of the Collection of the Tretyakov Gallery.

"Trinity" Andrei Rublev

The Tretyakov Gallery has the richest collection of the ancient Russian painting of the XI-XVII centuries, which includes works by Dionysius, Simon Ushakov and Andrei Rublev. In the 60 Hall of the gallery, one of the most famous and famous icons in the world is "Trinity", written by Andrei Rublev in the first quarter of the XV century. Three angel gathered around the table, on which the sacrificial bowl is worth, for a quiet, unhurried conversation.

Trinity is kept in the hall of the Old Russian painting of the Tretyakov, in a special glass cabinet, which supports constant humidity and temperature, and which protects the icon from any external influences.

"Unknown" Ivan Kramskaya

The scene of the picture of doubt does not cause the Nevsky Prospect in St. Petersburg, Anichkov Bridge. But the image of a woman still remains a mystery of the artist. Neither in letters nor in the Kramskoy diaries did not leave references to the person unknown. Critics joined this image with Anna Karenina Lion Tolstoy, with Nastasya Filippovna Dostoevsky, called the names of famous ladies of light. There is also a version that the picture is depicted in the picture of the artist's daughter, Sofia Ivanovna Kramskaya.

In Soviet times, the "unknown" Kramsky became almost the Russian Sycstine Madonna - the ideal of unearthly beauty and spirituality. And hung in every decent Soviet house.

"Bogatyri" Victor Vasnetsov

Almost twenty years wrote Vasnetsov this picture. On April 23, 1898, it was completed and soon bought P. M. Tretyakov for his gallery.

In the eponymists, Dobrynya is always young, like Alyosha, but Vasnetsov for some reason portrayed him with a mature man with a luxurious beard. Some researchers believe that the features of the Dobryny reminds the artist himself. The prototype for Ilya Murometas served as a peasant Vladimir province Ivan Petrov, whom Vasnetsov had previously captured on one of the etudes.

By the way, Ilya Muromets is not a fabulous character, but a historical face. The history of his life and tough exploits is real events. Together and finishing his work on the protection of the Motherland, he became a monk Kiev-Pechersk Monastery, where he died in 1188.

"Bathing of a Red Kony" Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin

The painting "Bathing of the Red Horse", which struck contemporaries with his monumentality and fate, brought the artist Kuzme Petrov-Vodkin world fame. Red horse acts as a fate of Russia, which is unable to keep fragile and young sedoxes. According to another version, the red horse is Russia herself. In this case, it is impossible not to note the valid gift of the artist, symbolically predicted by his picture "Red" the fate of Russia of the 20th century.

Horse Petrov-Vodkin wrote from a real stallion named boy. To create an image of a teenager, sitting on horseback horse, the artist used the features of his student - artist Sergey Kalmykova: "To make up the future compilers of my monograph. On the Red Kone, our Miley Kuzma, Sergeevich portray me. ... In the image of a languid youth, this banner is depicted by my own person. "

"Tsarevna-Swan" Mikhail Vrubel

The picture was written in 1900 on the basis of the scenic image of the heroine of Opera N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov "Tale of the Tsar Saltan" in the plot of the Tale of the same name A. S. Pushkin. Vrubel made up this performance, and the party of the princess-swan was performed by the wife of the artist Nadezhda Barrule. "All singers sing, like birds, and Nadia - like a man!" - spoke of a Vrubel about her.

State Tretyakov Gallery, GTG (also known as Tretyakovka) - Art Museum in merchant and having one of the world's largest collections of Russian visual art. Exposition in the main building "Russian painting XI - early XX B" ( , d. 10) is part of the All-Russian Museum Association "State Tretyakov Gallery" formed in .

History

He began to collect his collection of painting in the middle of the 1850s. The year of the foundation of the Tretyakov Gallery is considered to be 1856, when Pavel Tretyakov acquired two pictures of Russian artists: "Temptation" N. G. Schilder and "Shake with Finnish smugglers" Although earlier in 1854-1855, he bought 11 graphic sheets and 9 paintings of the old Dutch masters. IN For the general public in The Moscow City Gallery of Paul and Sergey Tretyakov was opened. Its collection numbered 1276 paintings, 471 drawing and 10 sculptures of Russian artists, as well as 84 paintings of foreign masters.

In August Pavel Mikhailovich passed his art gallery as a gift . In the meeting, by this time there were 1287 picturesque and 518 graphic works of Russian school, 75 paintings and 8 drawings of European school, 15 sculptures and icons collection. The official opening of the museum entitled "Moscow City Gallery Paul and Sergey Mikhailovich Tretyakov".

The gallery was in the house that the Tretyakov family bought in another . As the meeting grows, new premises required for storing and demonstrating works of art gradually were gradually attached to the residential part of the mansion. Such an extensions were made in 1873, 1882, 1885, 1892 and finally in 1902-1904, when the famous facade developed in - Architect in the drawings of the artist . Construction management carried out architect .

The Tretyakov Gallery was announced by the "state property of the Russian Federal Soviet Republic" and received the name of the State Tretyakov Gallery. The director of the museum was appointed again who held this post still with . With his active participation, the State Museum Fund was created in the same year, which up to He remained one of the most important sources of replenishment of the museum collection.

IN Academician architecture became the director of the museum . Already next year, the gallery received a neighboring house for the Small Tolmachevsky Lane (the former home of the merchant Sokolikova). After perestroika B. The Gallery Administration, Scientific Departments, Library, Manuscript Department, Graphic Funds are located. Later, in 1985-1994, the administrative building was prescribed under the project of architect A. L. Bernstein 2 floors and in height was equal to the exposure halls.

In 1928, a serious repair of heating and ventilation was performed in the gallery, Electricity has been carried out.

In 1929, the Church of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi was closed, and in 1932 her building was transferred to the gallery and became a stained with painting and sculpture. Later it was connected to the exposition halls built by a two-story building, the top floor of which was specifically designed to explorate the picture " "(1837-1857). A transition between the halls located on both sides of the main staircase was also built. This ensured the continuity of the exposure review. The museum began the development of a new concept of placement of exhibits.

IN A new two-storey building was opened on the northern side of the main building - the so-called "Shchushevsky Corps". These halls were first used for exhibitions, and with were included in the main exposure route.

From the first days The gallery began dismantling the exposition - like other museums of Moscow, she was preparing for evacuation. In the middle of summer Echelon from 17 cars went from Moscow and delivered a collection in . Only The gallery was reopened in Moscow.

IN In honor of the 100-year-old anniversary, the Tretyakov Gallery was honored by A. A. Ivanov.

IN - The Tretyakov Gallery headed . Because of the increased number of visitors, he actively engaged in the expansion of exposure area. In 1983, construction work began. IN Depository was put into operation - a repository of works of art and restoration workshops. IN The reconstruction of the main building of the Tretyakov Gallery (architects I. M. Vinogradsky, G. V. Astafiev, B. A. Klimov and others). IN From the south side of the main building, a new building was built, where a conference room, an information and computing center, a children's studio and exhibition halls were hosted. The building was called "Engineering Corps", because most of the engineering systems and services were concentrated in it.

From 1986 to The Tretyakov Gallery in Lavrushinsky Lane in connection with the conduct of capital reconstruction was closed for visitors. The only exposure area of \u200b\u200bthe museum for this decade was the building on the Crimean Shaft, d. 10, which in 1985 was united with the Tretyakov Gallery.

Composition of the All-Russian Museum Association "State Tretyakov Gallery"

• Tretyakov Gallery in Lavrushinsky Lane, 10,
• Museum-Temple of St. Nicholas in Tolmachi,
• Tretyakov Gallery on the Crimean Shaft, d. 10,

In 1985. Located on , 10, was merged with the Tretyakov Gallery in a single museum complex under the general name of the State Tretyakov Gallery. Now in the building there is an updated constant exposition "Art of the XX Century".

Part of the Tretyakov Gallery is representing a unique compound of the museum exposure and the acting temple. The complex of the museum in Lavrushinsky Lane includes engineering corps and an exhibition hall in Tolmachi intended for temporary exhibitions. The museum offers services .

Heads of the State Tretyakov Gallery

• (- present time)
• ( — )
• ( — )
• (1926—1929)
• (1913—1925)

Museum collection

By 1917, the Collection of the Tretyakov Gallery numbered about 4,000 works, by 1975 - 55,000 works. The gallery collection was constantly growing at the expense of planned public purchases.

Currently, the collection includes Russian painting, graphics, sculpture, separate works of decorative and applied art - Beginning.

Second half

The Russian painting of the second half of the XIX century is particularly fully represented. Tretyakov Gallery has the best collection of works ( , , , , , , , , and etc.).

Creativity is multifaceted (including "not waiting", ) And (including "", "", "") ,, sculptor.

End of the XIX - start

The main artists presented in the Collection: ,,,,, Masters (,