The most famous paintings of Russian painters. The main genres of the painting of Russian artists with examples of paintings

Among Russian artists there are many talented personalities. Their creativity is highly appreciated throughout the world and makes a worthy competition to such world masters as Rubens, Michelangelo, Van Gogh and Picasso. In this article we collected 10 of the most famous Russian artists.

1. Ivan Aivazovsky

Ivan Aivazovsky is one of the most famous Russian artists. He was born in Feodosia. From childhood, Aivazovsky showed his incredible creative abilities: he adored to draw and he learned the game on the violin.

At the age of 12, young talent began to study in Simferopol at the Academy of Painting. Here he learned to copy engravings and write pictures from nature. A year later, he managed to enter the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy, although he did not reach the age of 14.

For a long time the artist traveled in Europe and lived in Italy, where his paintings were also recognized in dignity. So a young artist from Feodosia became a rather famous and rich man.

Later, Aivazovsky returned to his homeland, where he received the uniform of the Maritime Ministry and the title of Academician. Also, the artist visited Egypt and attended when the new Suez Channel was opened. The artist described all his impressions in the paintings. By this time he had already developed his unique style and the ability to write in memory. Sophisticated elements Aivazovsky sketched in a notebook to move them later to the canvas. Worldwide, he brought paintings "Odessa", "The Ninth Val" and "Black Sea".

The last years of life, the artist spent in Feodosia, where he built a house in Italian style. A little later, Aivazovsky attached a small gallery towards him, so that everyone could freely enjoy his amazing paintings and drown in the ocean of paints. Today, this mansion, everything also serves as a museum and many visitors comes every day here, in order to see the mastery of the Marinist who lived a long and happy life.

2. Victor Vasnetsov

Continues the list of the most famous Russian artists Viktor Vasnetsov. He was born in the spring of 1848 in the family of the priest in the small village of Lopyal. The thrust for painting woke up at him at a very early age, but the parents could not give him proper education due to the lack of money. Therefore, at the age of 10, Victor began to study in a free spiritual seminary.

In 1866, almost without money, he went to St. Petersburg. Vasnetsov easily coped with the entrance exam and entered the Academy of Arts. Here his friendship began with the famous Repin artist, with whom he later went to Paris. After returning to St. Petersburg, Vasnetsov begins to write his most famous paintings: "Three heroes", "Snow Maiden" and "God Savaof."

The artist was able to fully reveal his talent only after moving to Moscow. Here it is cozy and comfortable, and each subsequent picture is better than the previous one. It was in Moscow that Vasnetsov wrote such paintings as "Alyonushka", "Ivan Tsarevich and a gray wolf" and "Nestor Chronicler".

3. Karl Brullov

This famous Russian artist was born in 1799. Father Carl was a famous painter and professor of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Therefore, the fate of the boy was predetermined in advance. Fortunately, Carlo Bhorryov managed to inherit from the father of the artist's talent.

Study was given to the young artist very easy. He has many times superior to the rest of the students in his class and graduated from the Academy of Arts with honors. After that, Karl went to travel around Europe, he stopped only in Italy for a long time. It was here that he created his masterpiece - "Last Day Pompeii", spending on his writing for about six years.

Upon returning to St. Petersburg, Charles Bryullov was waiting for fame and glory. He was glad to see everywhere and certainly admired him with new pictures. During this period, the artist creates several of its immortal cloths: "Horseman", "Osad Pskov", "Narcissus" and others.

4. Ivan Shishkin

Ivan Shishkin is one of the most famous Russian landscape artists who could present any inconspicuous landscape in his paintings. It seems that Nature itself plays on the canvases of this artist with live paints.

Ivan Shishkin was born in 1832 in Elabuga, which today applies to Tatarstan. Father wanted the Son to take the post of urban official with time, but Ivan was painted. At the age of 20, he went to Moscow to study painting. After the successful end of the Moscow School of Arts, Shishkin entered the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg.

Later he traveled for a long time in Europe, sketching amazing landscapes. At that time, he created a picture of the "view in the vicinity of Düsseldorf", which brought him a huge glory. After returning to Russia, Shishkin continues to do with double energy. According to him, Russian Nature is a few hundred times higher than European landscapes.

Ivan Shishkin for his life wrote a lot of stunning paintings: "Morning in a pine forest", "First snow", "Pine forest" and others. Even the death of the outbreak of this painter right behind the easel.

5. Isaac Levitan

This great Russian master of landscapes was born in Lithuania, but all his life lived in Russia. Repeatedly, his Jewish origin caused him a lot of humiliation, but it did not make it offended this country, which he idolized and praised in his paintings.

Already the first landscapes of Levitan received high estimates of Perov and Savrasov, and Tretyakov himself even bought his picture of the "Autumn Day in Sokolniki". But in 1879, Isaac Levitan, together with all Jews, exhibit from Moscow. Only enormous efforts of friends and teachers he managed to return to the city.

In the 1880s, the artist wrote a lot of stunning paintings that made it very famous. These were "pines", "Autumn" and "First Snow". But the next humiliation forced the author to leave Moscow again and go to the Crimea. On the peninsula, the artist writes a number of amazing works and significantly improves its financial condition. This allows him to travel in Europe and get acquainted with the work of world masters. The vertex of creativity of Levitan became his picture "Over the Eternal Region".

6. Vasily Tropinin

Amazing fate was among the great Russian linen-portraitist Vasily Tropinin. He was born in the family of Fortress Count Markov in 1780 and only at the age of 47 received the right to be a free person. As a child, a tendency for drawing was observed for little Vasily, but the count gave it to study him. Later, it is still given to the Imperial Academy, where he manifests his talent in his entire beauty. For his portraits, the "la view" and "beggar old man" Vasily Tropinin was awarded the title of academician.

7. Petrov-Vodkin Kuzma

The rich heritage in world painting managed to leave behind the famous Russian artist Petrov-Vodkin. He was born in 1878 in Hurlask, and at his young years was going to become a railwayman. However, fate made a world-famous painter from it.

8. Alexey Savrasov

The paintings of this Russian artist were already well sold, hardly he was 12 years old. A little later, he entered the Moscow School of Painting and instantly became one of the best disciples. A trip to Ukraine helped Savrasov ahead of schedule to complete the school and get the title of the artist.

Pictures "Stone in the Forest" and "Moscow Kremlin" made from this painter academician at 24 years old! Young talent is interested in the royal family, and Tretyakov himself buys many of his works for international exhibitions. Among them were "Winter", "Graci flew", "Rasolota" and others.

The death of two daughters and the subsequent divorce strongly affect Savrasov. He drinks a lot and soon dies in the hospital for the poor.

9. Andrei Rublev

Andrei Rublev is the most famous Russian icon painter. He was born in the XV century and left behind a big heritage in the form of an icon "Trinity", "Annunciation", "Baptism of the Lord." Andrei Rublev together with Daniel Black decorated with frescoes many temples, and wrote icons for iconostasis.

10. Mikhail Vrubel

Completes our list of the most famous Russian artists Mikhail Vrubel, who for his life created many masterpieces in various topics. He was engaged in the painting of the Kiev Temple, and later in Moscow began to create his famous series of "demonic" paintings. Creative throwing of this artist did not find a proper understanding of his contemporaries. Only a few decades after the death of Mikhail Vrubel, art historians gave him due, and the church agreed with his interpretations of biblical events.

Unfortunately, the personal life of the artist was the cause of developing a serious form of mental disorders. The rank of academician overtook him in a house for crazy, from where he was no longer judged. Nevertheless, Mikhail Vrubel managed to create a lot of amazing works of art that are worthy of genuine admiration. Among them, it is especially worth highlighting the pictures "Demon Sitting", "Tsarevna-Swan" and "Faust".

Speaking about the genre of the landscape it is impossible not to turn to the work of great landscape players. Now it is difficult to imagine that two hundred years ago, such a thing as a landscape, has not yet existed. The traditions of Russian landscape painting began to form only at the end of the 18th century. Prior to this, the artists were written under the influence of Italian and French masters, engraving nature according to academic laws of construction, considered mandatory in painting of that time.

A huge contribution to the development of the Russian landscape made a partnership of mobile exhibitions (Mobile) under the leadership of I. N. Kramsky. Artists chased the beauty of a careless Russian nature, ease of rural landscapes, immense expanses of Russia.

The largest masters of the landscape:

• Alexey Kondratievich Savrasov (1830-1897)
• Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (1817-1900)

Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (1832-1898)

Art of I.I. Shishkin is surprisingly clear and transparent. His paintings are anthem wildlife, her beauty. He created landscape art with coniferous thickets, with a non-routing Razl, with all the simplicity of the northern landscape.

At the age of 12 at the insistence of his father was defined in the 1st Kazan gymnasium. The full course did not finish. In 1852, he moved to Moscow and entered the School of Painting, Scary and Architecture. Here, A. N. Mokritsky became the mentor of Shishkin. After graduating from the course (1856), a talented student was advised to continue their education in St. Petersburg at the Academy of Arts. His learning was led by S. M. Vorobyov.

The teachers immediately noted the tendency of Shishkin to landscape painting. Already in the first year of stay at the Academy, a small silver medal for "view in the vicinity of St. Petersburg" was awarded. In 1858, the artist received a large silver medal for the painting "View on the island of Valaam."

The successes achieved allowed Shishkin to make a foreign trip as a scholarship of the Academy. The journey began with Munich (1861), where Ivan Ivanovich attended the workshops of popular animal artists B. and F. Adam. In 1863, Shishkin moved to Zurich, then to Geneva, Prague, Düsseldorf. Squiroving for the Fatherland, he returned to Petersburg in 1866, before the expiration of his scholarships.

In Russia, the artist was awarded the title of academician (1865). Since that time, the most fruitful period of painting creativity began. Pictures "Ringing of the Forest" (1867), "Rye" (1878), "Pines illuminated by the Sun" (1886), "Morning in the Pine Forest" (1889; Bears were written by K. a . Savitsky), "Ship Grove" (1898) and many others.

Shishkin actively worked at the plenier, often undertaken with an artistic purpose of traveling in Russia. He almost annually exhibited his works - first at the Academy, and then, after the partnership of mobile art exhibitions was established (1870), on these expositions.

Ivan Ilyich Levitan (1860-1900)

Born on August 30, 1860 in the Lithuanian town of Cybartai in a Jewish family. Father was small employees in urban management. Shortly after the birth of the youngest son, the family moved to Moscow. At the age of 13, Isaac took part in the Moscow School of Painting, Scary and Architecture, in class A. K. Savrasova and V. D. Polenova. From the very beginning, levitan earned the lessons and custom portraits. Brilliantly graduated from the school, but because of the origin, he was awarded a certificate teacher's diploma.

The first major picture of the "quiet abode" he wrote after the trip in 1890 in the Russian North. The canvas acquired P. M. Tretyakov for his gallery. In 1892, the artist was forced to leave Moscow, as the Jews were not allowed to stay in the capitals. He settled in a village, located along the Vladimir tract, according to which the catzhan drove into Siberia. The artist captured these places in the picture "Vladimirk" (1892). In the 90s. Levitan made another journey, this time along the Volga. There was a picture of "Fresh wind. Volga "(1891-1895). The exacerbation of Tuberculosis caused the departure of the artist abroad, to France, then to Italy, although the troubles of friends helped to get him permission to accommodate in Moscow.

Returning home, from 1898, Levitan began to lead the class of the landscape in the school, which he graduated. He has deteriorated his health, and in 1899 the artist at the invitation of A. P. Chekhov went to Yalta. Returning, again began to teach, but health continued to deteriorate, and on August 4, 1900, Levitan died.

Landscapes of the singer of Russian Nature is not just a photographic image of nature - the artist managed to transfer her live breath. No wonder Critic V. V. Stasov called Luvitan's paintings by emotional poems. At the same time, Levitan was not only a magnificent landscape. His creative heritage also draws pictures, watercolors, books illustrations.

For the name Isaac Levitan connects the city of the film. Levitan arrives in the plates three years in a row, in 1888-1890. There is no corner and paths in the vicinity of the film, wherever the Great Master has been. Inspired by the magic beauties of the film, he writes almost 200 paintings here and etudes! Now famous paintings are "Over the Eternal Region", "after the rain. Fleas "," Evening. Golden Files, "Birch Grove" and many others - became the decoration of the Collections of the Tretyakov Gallery, the Russian Museum and many meetings in Russia and abroad.

Vasily Dmitrievich Polenov (1844-1927)

Born on June 1, 1844 in the estate of Borok (now Polenovo in the Tula region) in the family of archaeologist and bibliographer D. V. Polenova. After receiving secondary education, Vasily entered the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts (1863), and a little later began to attend lectures at the Law Faculty at the University.

In 1872, he graduated from both courses with honors from the polenov awarded a trip abroad at the expense of the Academy. He visited Vienna, Venice, Florence, Naples, lived in Paris for a long time. A visit home was short-lived; In 1876, the artist went to a volunteer at the Serbo-Chernogor-Turkish war.

In subsequent years, a lot traveled through the Middle East and Greece (1881-1882, 1899, 1909), Italy (1883-1884, 1894-1895). In 1879, joined the Society of Movie Artists. In 1882-1895 He taught in the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.

The degree of merit Polenov in 1893 was elected by a valid member of the Academy of Arts. Since 1910, he was engaged in the development of provincial theaters, after three years by the head of the Special Section in the Moscow Society of People's Universities.

Polenov is known as the author of the divorce works. He applied to historical and religious topics - "Christ and sinning" (1886-1887), "on the Tivsel Lake" (1888), "among teachers" (1896); In 1877, he created a series of etudes of the Kremlin Councils and Palace Chambers; At different times, theatrical scenery did. His sketches were built churches in Abramtsev (in co-authorship with V. M. Vasnetsov) and in Behov under Tuire (1906). But the greatest glory of Polenov brought landscapes: "Moskovsky Dvorik" (1878), "Babushkin Garden", "Summer" (both 1879), "overgrown pond" (1880), "Golden Autumn" (1893 ), transmitting the poetic charm of the corners of urban life and the pristine Russian nature.

The last years of life, the artist spent in the estate of Borok, where he organized the museum of art and scientific collections. Here since 1927 there is a Museum-Usadba V. D. Polenova.

Alexey Kondratievich Savrasov (1830 - 1897)

The artist was born 12 (24) in May 1830 in Moscow, in the family of a merchant of the 3rd guild of Kondiya Artemyevich Savrasova. Contrary to the wishes of the Father, who dreamed of adapting the Son to "Commercial Affairs", a boy in 1844 entered the Moscow School of Painting and Vajania, where he studied in the class of landscape officer K.I. Probus. During the training, in 1850 they had a picture of the "stone in the forest at the spill", which art historians consider somewhat clumsy along the composition. In the same year, for the painting "The view of the Moscow Kremlin under the Moon" he was awarded the title of a non-class artist.

Member of the Founder of the Association of Mobile Art Exhibitions (see Movie). In the early works of S. the romantic effects prevail ("View of the Kremlin in rainy weather", 1851, Tretyakov Gallery).

In the 1850-60s. Savrasov more often proceeds to calm, narrative images, in some cases of works marked by the desire for the color unity of the works ("Losine Island in Sokolniki", 1869, there), to strengthen the emotional sound of lighting. The result of these searches was the picture "Grachei flew" (1871, ibid), where Savrasov, depicting an externally rigorous motive and emphasizing in the life of the natural environment the moment of transition (the onset of early spring), managed to show the profound incessity of his native nature. Lyric immediacy, interest in the captivity, and the subsequent works of Savrasova ("Rasklok", 1873, "Dvorik", 1870s; "Tomb over Volga", 1874, Private Assembly, Moscow).

Alexey Savrasov, one of the largest representatives of the lyrical destination in the Russian landscape, had a huge impact on Russian landscape players of the late 19th - early 20th centuries.

Concluded A.K. Savrasov September 26, 1897, buried in Moscow, at the Vagankovsky cemetery. The alley on which he is buried, carries his name. His favorite student was Isaac Levitan

Archka Ivanovich Kindji (1841-1910)

Born in January 1841 in Mariupol in the family of a shoemaker, Greek by origin. Osapotev, brought up in the family of relatives. Early began to draw and mastered the painting mostly independently.

In 1855, on foot went to Feodosia to learn from I. K. Aivazovsky. The influence of the famous marinist on the young Queenji was undoubtedly. In the late 60s. Queenji came to St. Petersburg. The first work, the artist presented in 1868 at the exhibition of the Academy of Arts and soon it was firmly established as a master of landscape: "Autumn Rasolia" (1872); "Forgotten village" (1874); "Chumatsky tract in Mariupol" (1875) and others.

In 1870, for the first time visited the island of Valaam, where he subsequently painted. As contemporaries believed, the landscapes were created there they attracted the attention of the audience.

The painting "Ukrainian night" (1876) was simply stolen to the public and determined the special path of the author in art. With her, Quinji began his "pursuit of the light" - he sought to achieve the full illusion of natural lighting. In the highest degree, it manifested in the picture "Night on the Dnieper" (1880) with a sparkling lunar path, in velvet darkness.

The painter in a new way revealed the possibilities of the landscape, transformation, cleaning and elevated reality. It sought the extraordinary intensity and brightness of paints, new color solutions. Numerous "sunny" paintings and sketches are characteristic of it (among them "Birch Grove", 1879).

Intense contrast of saturated tones, light effects - all this was unusual for painting XIX century. phenomenon. The misunderstanding of colleagues forced Kindji at the time of the highest success to refuse to participate in exhibitions. For the last time he exhibited his work in 1882

The artist lived herd in the Crimea, where he created a series of large calendas and hundreds of etudes, continuing to experiment with paints and color. Among the later works of Queenji is the only story of Christ's story (1901) and breathing the extraordinary harmony "Night" (1905-1908)

In 1909, Ivanovich's archup founded the Society of Artists (who then received his name), which supported the people of art. This society, the painter bequeathed his own state and was in the workshop of the work.

The most famous and significant paintings of the world painting for your inspiration.

Millions of people admire the immortal paintings of great artists. Art, classic and modern, it is one of the most important sources of inspiration, taste and cultural education of any person, and creative and suppressed.

The world-famous pictures are certainly more than 33. There are several hundreds of hundreds, and they all would not fit in one review. Therefore, for convenience of viewing, we selected several, most significant for world culture and often copied. Each work is accompanied by an interesting fact, an explanation of the artistic meaning or history of its creation.

Rafael "Sicstinskaya Madonna" 1512

Stored in the gallery of old masters in Dresden.

The paintings have a little secret: the rear background, published the apparent clouds, with careful examination turns out to be heads of angels. And the two angels depicted in the picture below became the motive of numerous postcards and posters.

Rembrandt "Night Watch" 1642

Stored in the State Museum in Amsterdam.

The true name of the painting of Rembrandt "Speech by rifle company Captain France Bannang Coca and Lieutenant Villem Van Rateitbürga." I found a picture of art historians in the 19th century it seemed that the figures protrude on a dark background, and it was called "Night Watch". Later, it was found that a dark picture makes the cootter layer, and the action actually happens during the day. However, in the treasury of world art, the picture has already entered the name "Night Watch".

Leonardo da Vinci "Last Supper" 1495-1498

Located in the monastery of Santa Maria Delle Grazie in Milan.

For a more than 500-year-old history of the existence of the work of the fresco, more than once was destruction: through the painting was done, and then laid the doorway, a meadow monastery, where the image is located, used as a weapon warehouse, prison, subjected to bombing. The famous fresco restored at least five times, and the last restoration took 21 years. Today, to see the work of art, visitors must order tickets in advance and can spend in the meadow only 15 minutes.

Salvador Dali "Constancy of Memory" 1931

According to the author himself, the picture was written as a result of associations arising from Dali at the form of a melted cheese. Returning out of the cinema, where she went that evening, Gala completely predicted that no one had seen the "constancy of memory", he would not forget him.

Peter Bruegel Senior "Babylonian Tower" 1563

Stored in the Museum of Art History in Vienna.

According to Bruegel in the failure, comprehended by the construction of the Babylonian tower, they did not suddenly arise according to the biblical plot of linguistic barriers, but mistakes made in the construction process. At first glance, a huge structure seems strong enough, but at the closest consideration it is clear that all the tiers are laid unevenly, the lower floors are either unfinished, or they are already crumbling, the building itself is rapped towards the city, and the prospects for the entire project are very sad.

Casimir Malevich "Black Square" 1915

According to the artist, he wrote a picture for several months. Subsequently, Malevich performed several copies of the Black Square (according to some data, seven). According to one of the versions, the artist could not finish the work on the picture at the right time, so he had to smear the work of black paint. Subsequently, after the admission of the public, Malevich wrote new "black squares" already on clean canvas. Malevich was also written paintings "Red Square" (in two copies) and one "white square".

Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin "Bathing of the Red Kony" 1912

Located in the State Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.

Written in 1912, the picture was invented. Red horse acts as the fate of Russia or Russia itself, which is unable to keep the fragile and young sedox. Thus, the artist symbolically predicted his picture "Red" the fate of Russia of the XX century.

Peter Paul Rubens "Abduction of the Daughters of Levkippa" 1617-1618

Stored in the old Pinakotek in Munich.

The painting "Abduction of the Daughters of Levkippa" is considered an impersonation of courageous passion and physical beauty. Strong, muscular hands of young men pick up young naked women to put them on her horses. The sons of Zeus and the Ice steal the brides of their cousins.

Paul Gogen "Where did we come from? Who are we? Where are we going?" 1898.

Stored in the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston.

At the direction of the Mogen itself, the picture should be read right to left - the three main groups of figures illustrate the questions set in the title. Three women with a child represent the beginning of life; The average group symbolizes the daily existence of maturity; In the final group, according to the artist, "the old woman approaching death seems to be reconciled and preparing his reflections," her legs "a strange white bird ... represents the uselessness of words."

Eugene Delacroix "Freedom, Leading People" 1830

Stored in the Louvre in Paris

Delacroix created a picture based on the July 1830 revolution in France. In a letter to Brother on October 12, 1830, Delacroix writes: "If I did not fight for my homeland, then I will at least write for her." The naked breast of women, the leading people symbolizes the dedication of the French people of the time that with the "bare breasts" went to the enemy.

Claude Monet "Impression. Ascending Sun" 1872

Marmottan is kept in Paris Museum.

The name of the work of "Impression, Soleil Levant" with the light hand of the journalist L. Lerua became the name of the artistic direction "Impressionism". The picture is written from nature in the old Avantport of Gold in France.

Jan Vermeer "Girl with a pearl serving" 1665

Stored in the Gallery Mauritzhais in the Hague.

One of the most famous paintings of the Netherlands artist Jan Vermeer is often called the Northern or Dutch Mona Liza. It is very little known about the picture: it is not dated, the name of the depicted girl is not known. In 2003, the artistic film "Girl with a pearl serving" was removed on the Trecy Sergey, in which the history of the canvas in the context of the biography and the Vermeer's family life was hypothetically restored.

Ivan Aivazovsky "Ninth Shaft" 1850

Stored in St. Petersburg in the State Russian Museum.

Ivan Aivazovsky is the world famous Russian marinist artist, who devoted his life to the image of the sea. They created about six thousand works, each of which was recognized during the life of the artist. The picture "The Ninth Val" is included in the book "100 Great Patterns".

Andrei Rublev "Trinity" 1425-1427

The icon of the Holy Trinity, written by Andrei Rublev in the XV century, is one of the most famous Russian icons. Icon is a vertical format board. The kings (Ivan Grozny, Boris Godunov, Mikhail Fedorovich) "folded" icon with gold, silver and precious stones. Today, the salary is kept in the Sergiev Posad State Museum-Reserve.

Mikhail Vrubel "Demon Sitting" 1890

Stored in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.

The plot of the paintings is inspired by the poem Lermontov "Demon". The demon is the image of the power of the human spirit, inner struggle, doubt. Tragically chanting his hands, the demon sits with sad, directed in the distance in huge eyes, surrounded by unprecedented colors.

William Blake "Great Architect" 1794

Stored in the British Museum in London.

The name of the painting "The Ancient of Days" is literally translated from English as "Old Days." This phrase was used as a name of God. The main character of the painting is God at the time of creation, which does not establish order, but limits freedom and denotes the limits of imagination.

Eduar Mana "Bar in" Foli-Berger "" 1882

Stored at the Institute of Art Kurto in London.

Foli-Berger is variety and cabaret in Paris. Mana often visited Foli-Berger and eventually wrote this picture - the last before his death in 1883. Behind the bar, in the midst of drinking, eating, talking and smoking crowd, is absorbed by the bartender's own thoughts, observing an acrobat on a trapezium, which can be seen in the upper left corner of the picture.

Titian "Love earth and Love Heaven" 1515-1516

Stored in Borghese Gallery in Rome.

It is noteworthy that the modern title of the picture was not given by the artist himself, and the beginning is used only two centuries later. Until that time, the paintings had different names: "Beauty Adjusted and Uncooked" (1613), "Three Love Types" (1650), "Divine and Silent Women" (1700), and, in the end, "Love earthly and Love Heavenly "(1792 and 1833).

Mikhail Nesterov "Vision Patterns of Bartholomew" 1889-1890

Stored in the State Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.

The first and most significant work from the cycle dedicated to Sergia Radonezh. Until the end of his days, the artist was convinced that "Vision of the Pattern of Bartholomew" - its best work. At the end of the years, the artist loved to repeat: "I will not live. There will be a" tag of warfolomes. "Now, after thirty, after fifty years after my death, he will still say something to people - it means he is alive, it means alive I am alive . "

Peter Bruegel Senior "Parable on the Blind" 1568

Capodimont in Naples in Naples Museum is stored.

Other names of the picture - "blind", "Parabola blind", "blindly leads the blind." It is believed that the plot of the paintings is based on the biblical parable of the blind: "If blind is blind, then both will fall into the pit."

Victor Vasnetsov "Alenushka" 1881

Stored in the State Tretyakov Gallery.

As a basis, a fairy tale "On sister Alyonushka and Bratz Ivanushka" was taken. Initially, the picture of Vasnetsova was called "Falc of Alyonushka". "Fuckles" at the time called orphans. "Alenushka", "said the artist himself," as if I lived in my head for a long time, but I really saw her in Akhtyrka, when I met one proliferant girl, hit my imagination. So many longing, loneliness and pure Russian sadness was in her eyes ... Some kind of special Russian spirit has sunk from her. "

Vincent Van Gogh "Star Night" 1889

Stored in the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

Unlike most paintings, the "Star Night" was written in memory. Van Gogh was at that time in the hospital Saint-Remy, tormented by the attacks of madness.

Karl Bromlov "Last Day Pompeii" 1830-1833

Stored in the State Russian Museum in St. Petersburg.

The picture shows the famous eruption of Vesuvius volcano in 79 n. e. and the destruction of the city of Pompei near Naples. An image of an artist in the left corner of the picture is a self-portrait of the author.

Pablo Picasso "Girl on Share" 1905

Stored in Pushkin Museum, Moscow

The picture was in Russia thanks to the industrialist Ivan Abramovich Morozov, who in 1913 acquired it for 16,000 francs. In 1918, the Personal Collection I. A. Morozova was nationalized. At the moment, the picture is in the meeting of the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin.

Leonardo da Vinci "Madonna Litta" 1491

Stored in the Hermitage in St. Petersburg.

The initial name of the picture is "Madonna with a baby." The current name of the picture is derived from the name of its owner - Graph Litt, the owner of the family gallery in Milan. There is a suggestion that the figure of the baby was written not by Leonardo da Vinci, but belongs to the brush of one of his students. This is evidenced by an unusual infant pose manner for the author's manner.

Jean Engr "Turkish Baths" 1862

Stored in the Louvre in Paris.

Engr finished writing this picture when he was 80 years old. This picture, the artist brings a peculiar result of the image of the bathing rooms, the subject of which has long been present in his work. Initially, the canvas was in the form of a square, but a year after its completion, the artist turned it into a round picture - TDO.

Ivan Shishkin, Konstantin Savitsky "Morning in the Pine Forest" 1889

Stored in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow

"Morning in a pine forest" - a picture of Russian artists Ivan Shishkin and Konstantin Savitsky. Savitsky painted bears, but the collector Pavel Tretyakov, when he acquired a picture, erased his signature, so that now the author of the picture is indicated by one Shishkin.

Mikhail Vrubel "Tsarevna-Swan" 1900

Stored in the State Tretyakov Gallery

The picture is written on the basis of the scenic image of the heroine of Opera N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov "Tale of the Tsar Saltan" in the plot of the same name Tazzle A. S. Pushkin. Vrubel created the premieres of the 1900 Opera premiere sketches for scenery and suits, and his wife sang a batch of princes.

Giuseppe Archimboldo "Portrait of Emperor Rudolph II in the image of a vertoon" 1590

Located in the Castle of the Skocoloster in Stockholm.

One of the few preserved works by the artist, which was portraits from fruits, vegetables, colors, crustaceans, fish, pearls, musical and other instruments, books, and so on. "Vertun" is a portrait of the emperor represented in the form of ancient Roman god of the time of the year, vegetation and transformation. In the picture, Rudolph fully consists of fruits, colors and vegetables.

Edgar Dega "Blue Dancers" 1897

Located in the Art Museum. A. S. Pushkin in Moscow.

Degi was a big ballet fan. He is called the artist ballerin. The work of the "blue dancers" refers to the late period of Degi's creativity, when his vision weakened, and he began to work in large color spots, giving the paramount importance to the decorative organization of the picture surface.

Leonardo da Vinci "Mona Lisa" 1503-1505

Stored in Louvre, Paris.

"Mona Lisa" may not receive worldwide fame if she did not kidnap her in 1911. The picture was found two years later in Italy: the thief responded to the announcement in the newspaper and suggested selling the "Joke" director of the Uffiza gallery. All this time, while the investigation went, "Mona Lisa" did not go with the covers of newspapers and magazines around the world, becoming an object of copying and worship.

Sandro Botticelli "Birth of Venus" 1486

Stored in Florence in the Uffizi Gallery

Picture illustrates Afrodite's birthday. The nude goddess is floating to the shore in the opened shell, driven by the wind. In the left side of the picture of Marshmallow (Western Wind) in the arms of his wife, chlorides blows on the sink, creating a wind filled with flowers. On the shore, the goddess meets one of the grants. The Birth of Venus is well preserved due to the fact that Botticelli inflicts a protective layer of egg yolk into the picture.

Michelangelo "Creation of Adam" 1511

Located in the Sicastine Chapel in the Vatican.

The page presents the most famous pictures of Russian artists of the 19th century with titles and descriptions.

The diverse painting of Russian artists since the beginning of the 19th century attracts its originality and versatility in domestic visual art. The masters from painting of that time did not cease to surprise with their unique approach to the plot and a trepidative attitude towards the feelings of people, to their native nature. In the 19th century, portrait compositions with an amazing combination of an emotional image and an epically calm motive were often written.

Pictures of Russian artists are great in the skill and in truth beautiful in perception, strikingly accurately reflected the breath of their time, the unique character of the people and his desire for the beautiful.

The canvas of Russian painters who are most popular: Alexander Ivanov is a bright representative of the picturesque biblical direction, in the colors telling us about the episodes of the life of Jesus Christ.

Karl Brullov is a popular painter at one time, his direction is historical painting, portrait theme, romantic work.

Marinister Ivan Aivazovsky, his paintings are great and can simply say unrivamentally reflect the beauty of the sea with transparent rolling waves, sea sunsets and sailboats.

The work of the famous Ilya Repin, which created genre and monumental works, reflecting the life of the people are distinguished by distinctive versions.

Very picturesque and large-scale paintings by the artist Vasily Surikova, a description of Russian history is his direction in which the artist in the colors stressed the episodes of the life path of the Russian people.

Each artist is unique, for example, a picturesque master of fairy tales and epic Victor Vasnetsov is always juicy and bright, romantic canvas, whose heroes of us are well-known heroes of folk fairy tales.

Each artist is unique, for example, a picturesque master of fairy tales and epic Victor Vasnetsov is always juicy and bright, romantic canvas, whose heroes of us are well-known heroes of folk fairy tales. Very picturesque and large-scale paintings by the artist Vasily Surikova, a description of Russian history is his direction in which the artist in the colors stressed the episodes of the life path of the Russian people.

In Russian painting of the 19th century, it was also manifested by the current as critical realism, emphasizing in plots, ridicuing, satire and humor. Of course, it was a new course not every artist could afford it. In this direction, the artists, like, Pavel Fedotov and Vasily Pereov, were determined

Artists of the landscape players of the time were taken by the niche, among them Isaac Levitan, Alexey Savrasov, Archka Queenji, Vasily Polenov, Young Artist Fyodor Vasilyev, a picturesque master of the forest, Forest Polyala with pines and birchings with mushrooms Ivan Shishkin. All of them colorfully and romanticically reflected the beauty of the Russian nature, the variety of forms and the images of which is associated with the colossal potential of the surrounding world.

According to Levitan, in every notch of Russian nature there is a unique colorful palette, from here and there is a huge detriment for creativity. Maybe this is a riddle that the canvas created on the endless expanses of Russia are distinguished by some exquisite severity, but at the same time, attract a careless beauty, from which it is difficult to take a look. Or not at all intricate and pretty not the catchy plot of Levitan's dandelions, as if calling the viewer to think and see the perfect in simple.

Genius, innovators, scandalists, pioneers who have incredible influence on world culture. The greatest Russian artists - who are they?

Top 7 Russian artists

Among the most prominent and influential Russian artists:

1. Kazimir Malevich(1879-1935) - author of the most controversial work in the history of world painting, "black square". However, Malevich's heritage is great and includes, in particular, not only "black", but also "red" and "white" squares. The most scandalous and most expensive of Russian artists. His masterpiece "Suprematic composition" was sold at Sotheby's auction for $ 60 million.

"Suprematic composition"

2. Ivan Aivazovsky (1817-1900) - the greatest Russian marinist artist, author of the immortal "ninth shaft". The most prolific artist - wrote more than 6 thousand paintings. Due to the huge heritage, at the same time is one of the most fake artists in the world. Widely known in the West, work is regularly sold at auctions, including "Sotheby".

Ninth Val.

3. Victor Vasnetsov (1848-1936) - Perhaps the most Russian of all Russian artists. Known by works that folklore, fairy tales, epic. Not only the author of the "three heroes", but also one of the developers of the Soviet Budanov.

4. Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin (1878-1939) - the most revolutionary artist. The picture "Bathing of the Red Horse" prophetic predicted terrible shocks in Russia. Although it was often criticized for eroticism (boldly depicted not only naked women, but also men), in general, it can be considered the forerunner of social realism. In foreign auctions, not so much revolutionary work is enjoying tremendous success, how much still lifes.

"Swimming red horse"

5. Vasily Vereshchagin (1842-1904) - the artist-battalist, famous for documentary displays of the horror of war. The most famous work is "apotheosis of war", depicting a pile of skulls, elevated by the scorching sun. For the pacifist position, decades were injured by the royal government. At the same time used incredible popularity both in Russia and in the West. His exhibition in St. Petersburg in 1880 was visited by 240 thousand people (40 days), in Berlin - 140 thousand people (in 65 days), in Vienna - 110 thousand (in 28 days). Such a fame did not dream of many pop stars of modernity.

"Apotheosis of War"

6. Vladimir Tatlin (1885-1953) - the founder of constructivism, artist, architect, schedule. His artwork, similar to style with the early creations of Picasso, are exhibited in the Paris Museum Pompidou and in the Oxford Library. His masterpiece "Tower of Tatlin" is one of the most recognizable and constructed anti-garde symbols in the world. He enjoyed tremendous success in the West ("Machine Art of Tatlin"), inspired the whole generation of Dadaist artists, including the Marselli Marseille Marsee.

"Tower of Tatlin"

7. Ilya Glazunov (born 1930) - the most monumental Russian artist. The most famous of his canvas "Eternal Russia" (size - 3x6 m) - picturesque chronicle of Russian history for 988-1988, dedicated to the 1000th anniversary of the Baptism of Russia. Total created more than 3 thousand works (portraits, landscapes, historical and political canvases). The reputation of the Glazunov of the Sports - someone considers him a genius, someone - a conjunct trainer. One thing is clear - this is the figure of a titanic scale, like his canvas.

"Eternal Russia"

I want to believe that in the future, artists who can turn the ideas of humanity about beautiful in Russia will also appear in Russia.