The most terrible catastrophe in the history of mankind. The most terrible catastrophes in the world
1. Earthquake in Haiti (number of victims 313,000)
The earthquake in Haiti occurred on January 12, 2010 at 16:53 local time. His magnitude was 7.0 points, and the epicenter was located in the area of \u200b\u200bLogan, which is almost 25 km west of the capital of Haiti, Port-O-Prince.
Shone continued until January 24 and had a magnitude of 4.5 points. It is estimated that about 3 million people suffered from a natural disaster, and the number of dead reached about 316,000 people, the number of wounded - 300,000 wounded, and a million inhabitants were left without bed. The natural disaster has become a serious problem, because there are serious problems with the distribution of help, as well as outbreaks of violence and robbery.
Haiti is the poorest country in the western hemisphere and one hundred forty-ninth in the ranking of 182 countries on the human development index. Haitian Minister of Education, Joel Jean-Pierre, said that the entire education system in the country collapsed, since almost 1,300 schools and three main universities were destroyed in Port-O-Prince. About 1.1 billion dollars were donated to facilitate the consequences.
2. Tsunami in the Indian Ocean (the number of victims is 230,000)
In December 2004, the Indian Ocean occurred an earthquake, known in the scientific world as a Sato-Adaman earthquake. The epicenter of the jog was the area near the Indonesian Island of Sumatra. The tsunami, which followed the impetus, took the lives of almost 230 thousand people in 14 countries.
The most affected countries were Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand. The earthquake was felt at the same time in places such as Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Singapore, Maldives. The amount of energy released as a result of an earthquake can be compared with an explosion 1502 times more bomb explosion thrown on Hiroshima, but less than the explosion king bombs.
This tsunami is considered one of the most terrible catastrophes in the history of mankind. The waves achieved heights of thirty meters, and the oscillations had a magnitude of 9.1 and 9, 3 points. This is the third largest earthquake, ever registered by seismographs. It also had the longest duration: from 8 to 10 minutes. In general, the international community donated more than $ 14 billion for humanitarian activities.
3. Cyclone "Nargis", Myanmar (the number of victims of 146,000)
Cyclone "Nargis" - a tropical cyclone, which became the worst natural disaster in Myanmar on May 2, 2008 and led to death about 146 thousand, and 55 thousand people were missing. The number of dead may be higher, but the Burmese government, fearing the unfavorable political consequences, underestimated the numbers.
Damage, according to experts, amounted to 10 billion dollars. This cyclone is the most dangerous in the Northern Pool of the Indian Ocean, the second one by the number of deaths after Typhoon "Nina" in 1975. The name of the cyclone "Nargis" is the word of Persian origin and means the name of the Narcissus flower.
4. Earthquake 2008 in Kashmir province, Pakistan (the number of killed 86,000)
In the morning at 8:52 am local time October 8, 2005, in the controlled Pakistan part of the state of Kashmir, known as Azad Kashmir, an earthquake occurred, from which the neighboring areas of Hilgit Baltistan suffered and most of the province of Hyber-Pakhtunwa. The force of jesters, according to the estimates of the meteorological agency Japan, was 7.8 points. According to official data of the Government of Pakistan, about 75,000 people died, and international experts estimate the number of those killed in 86,000. Various reports suggest that dozens of cities and villages were destroyed in Northern Pakistan.
The jackets were also felt in such neighboring countries as Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Western China, as well as the Indian part of Kashmir, where about 1400 people died. The earthquake was a consequence of the growth of Himalayas. Measurements of satellites show that parts of the mountains immediately over the epicenter rose a few meters. About 6.2 billion dollars were received by the Government of Pakistan to eliminate the effects of disaster.
5. Earthquake in Sichuan Province, China (the number of dead 67 197)
In 2008, an earthquake in the province of Sichuan, which is also sometimes called a great earthquake in Sichuan province. The strength of the jigsaw was 8.0 points on the Richter scale. The earthquake began at 14:28 local time on May 12. According to official data, about 69 197 people died. It also became known that 374176 people were injured, 18222 were listed missing, and about 4.8 million people were left without bed.
This earthquake is considered the most deadly in China, after the 1976 earthquake in the province of Tanhankhan, where about 240 thousand people died. The oscillations were felt in Beijing and Shanghai, as well as in neighboring countries. The Chinese government was forced to spend $ 146.5 billion to eliminate the effects of misfortune.
6. Waves of heat from Russia of 2010 (the number of deaths 56,000)
In 2010, the summer in the northern hemisphere was very extreme on temperature indicators in the United States, Canada, Russia, Mongolia, China, Japan, Korea, Kazakhstan, Indochita and the European continent as a whole. It even dubbed the "Russian wave of heat".
The whole period from April to June became the warmest in the continental sites in the northern hemisphere. These extreme weather conditions led to forest fires in China, and to the strongest drought over the past 60 years in the province of Yunnan. About 56,000 people died in the specified region because of this disaster. Moscow and the Moscow region also torn in the smoke of forest fires.
The largest piece of the shelf glacier was departed in the Arctic Ocean, which connects Greenland and the strait of neurs. Apparently, such anomalies are caused by a high content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which leads to an increase in average temperatures.
7. The 2003 Earthquake in the city of Bam, Iran (the number of victims of 43,000)
An earthquake in the city of Bam and the surrounding places in the province of Kerman in the south-east of Iran occurred at 5:46 am local time on December 26, 2003. The earthquake was estimated at 6.6 points according to the data of the Geological Service of the United States. 26271 deaths were recorded and about 30,000 wounded.
But some other estimates, the death toll was 43,000. Destruction took a catastrophic nature due to the use of raw bricks as a standard material in structures, which did not comply with the rules for the construction of construction adopted in Iran in 1989. It is significant that about 44 countries immediately sent help and 60 made a proposal of assistance.
8. Heat in Europe in 2003 (the number of victims is 40,000)
In 2003, the European heat became a murderous factor, especially in France. Because of serious health problems and drought, the number of dead reached almost 40,000. According to the French National Institute of Health, the cause of almost 14802 deaths in France was heat.
In Portugal, where the air temperature reached 48 degrees Celsius, extensive forest fires swept: almost five percent of the countryside and ten percent of forests were under fire. In the Netherlands, about 1,500 deaths were also associated with high temperatures for this country (almost 37, 8 degrees Celsius).
A couple of hundreds of deaths were recorded in Spain and Germany, where the temperature reached 45.1 and 41 degrees Celsius, respectively. In Switzerland, many glaciers melted in the Alps, causing a gathering of avalanche and flooding. A new national temperature record was established in 41.5 degrees Celsius. Thousands of people died throughout the UK. The productivity of the agricultural sector decreased by ten percent due to drought and heat.
9. Tsunami and earthquake in the Toshoku region, Japan (the number of victims of 18,400)
An earthquake in Tokhok, which is also called the "Marine earthquake in the Northeast of the Pacific Ocean", the amount of about 9.0 points hit on the coast of Japan around 14:46 local time March 11, 2011. The epicenter was 72 km east of the Toshoku region. Tsunami waves reached 23.6 m. They got to the shores of Japan within a few minutes after the earthquake. A smaller shock wave has reached other countries along a few hours along the Pacific coast.
The volcano, who destroyed the ancient Pompeii, cannot be responsible for the saddest natural disaster in history, despite the fact that many films have been shot on this topic and supo a lot of songs. Modern natural disasters carry out countless human victims. Take a look at our gloomy list. It contains only the most terrible catastrophes of all time.
Earthquake in the Syrian city of Aleppo (1138)
Fortunately, these days, news reports do not shock us with gigantic faults in the Dead Sea area. Now there is a relatively stable tectonic relief. Unprecedented cataclysms Syria experienced in the 12th century. Seismic activity in the north of the country lasted almost a year and eventually resulted in the destroying cataclysm. In 1138, the city of Aleppo was destroyed to the foundation, other settlements and military facilities were injured. In total, the element took the life of 230,000 people.
Earthquake and Tsunami in the Indian Ocean (2004)
This is the only event in the list that many of us caught. This tragedy is considered the most deadly for the entire modern history. It all started with a submarine earthquake of 9.3 points near the shores of Indonesia. Then the element was transformed into cruel tsunami, rushing to the shores of 11 countries. A total of 225,000 people died, about a million inhabitants of the Indian Ocean coast remained homeless. It is sad that this happened during the heyday of the development of seismically resistant architectural technologies, and not at the time of earthquakes with straw roofs.
Earthquake in Antioch (526)
People love to compare the potential end of the world with biblical disasters. The earthquake in Antioch is the only natural cataclysm, which is more or less close to the biblical era. This natural disaster occurred in the first millennium from the Nativity of Christ. Byzantine city from 20 to 29 May 526 survived the earthquake of magnitude 7.0 points. Because of the high density of the population (which was rare for the region at that time) killed 250,000 people. An increase in the number of victims contributed to fires arising from the cataclysm. 
Earthquake in the Chinese province of Gansu (1920)
The next natural disaster in our list formed a giant for more than 160 kilometers long. According to experts, the greatest damage was not caused by an earthquake by force of 7.8 points on the Richter scale, but landslides that were carried out entire cities under the ground and were the main reason that slows the assistance. According to different estimates, the cataclysm fell from 230,000 to 273,000 inhabitants.
Earthquake in Tanção (1976)
Another terrible earthquake of the 20th century shows that the natural disaster itself is not so scary as the imperfections of the infrastructure of the area in which it occurs. The shakers of the magnitude of 7.8 points hit the Chinese Tangshan on the night on the night of July 28 and instantly fired 92 percent of residential buildings in this Million City. Lack of food, water and other resources became the main obstacles in rescue work. In addition, railway tracks and bridges were destroyed, so the help was to wait for now. Many sacrifices died under the rubble. 
Cyclone in Corning, India (1839)
By the beginning of the 19th century, Corying became the main Indian port city at the mouth of the Genvyari River. On the night of November 25, 1839, this title had to be folded. Flowing cyclone destroyed 20,000 ships and 300,000 people. Many victims were thrown into the open sea. Now there is a small village on the site of Corinth. 
Cyclone Bhola, Bangladesh (1970)
In Bengal bay, natural disasters regularly occur, but none of them were more destructive than cyclone Bhol. The gusts of the hurricane wind on November 11, 1970 reached 225 kilometers per hour. Because of the extreme poverty in the region, no one could warn the population about the impending danger. As a result, Cyclone destroyed more than half a million lives. 
Chinese earthquake (1556)
Despite the fact that in the 16th century, the system of assessing the magnitude of underground jolts was not yet introduced, historians calculated that the earthquake that occurred in China in 1556 could have a force of 8.0 - 8.5 points. It so happened that the main blow accepted the densely populated area. As a result of a disaster, deep canyons were formed, which were forever turned over 800,000 people.
Flood on Juanhe (1887)
One of the largest rivers in the world is responsible for such a number of deaths as all other rivers have not brought together. In 1887, the most deadly flood was recorded, which was enhanced by the torrential rains and the destruction of the dam in the city of Changshu. Flooded lowland plains took the lives of about two million Chinese. 
Flooding on the Yangtze River (1931)
The record natural cataclysm happened with the beginning of torrential rains and flooding on the Yangtze River in April 1931. This natural disaster is associated with dysentery and other diseases destroyed about three million lives. In addition, the destruction of rice fields caused mass hunger.
About the accident on the oil platform of Deepwater Horizon, mankind will never forget. The explosion and fire happened on April 20, 2010 in 80 kilometers from the coast of the state of Louisiana, at the Magonau Department. Oil spill has become the largest in the history of the United States and actually ruined the Mexican Bay. We remembered the largest technogenic and ecological catastrophes of the world, some of which are almost worse than the tragedy of Deepwater Horizon.
Is it possible to avoid accidents? Technogenic disasters often occur as a consequence of natural disasters, but besides, due to worn out equipment, greed, negligence, inattention ... The memory of them serves as an important lesson for humanity, because natural disasters can damage people, but not the planet, but Technogenic carry a threat to an absolutely surrounding world.
15. Explosion at the factory of fertilizers in the city of West - 15 victims
On April 17, 2013, an explosion occurred at the plant for the production of fertilizers in the Texas city of West. The explosion thundered at 19:50 local time and he completely destroyed the plant, which belonged to the local company Adair Grain Inc. The explosion was destroyed by the school and nursing home. About 75 buildings of the city of West were seriously injured. As a result of the explosion, 15 people died, about 200 people were injured. Initially, a fire happened at the factory, and the explosion happened at that moment when the firefighters tried to cope with the fire. At least 11 firefighters died.
According to eyewitnesses, the explosion was so strong that it was heard about 70 km from the plant, and the US Geological Service was recorded by the soil fluctuations in magnitude 2.1. "It looked like an atomic bomb explosion," the eyewitnesses said. Residents of a number of areas near West were evacuated due to the leakage of ammonia used in the production of fertilizers, the authorities warned everyone about leakage of toxic substances. Over West, an upholstered zone was introduced at an altitude of up to 1 km. The city reminded the area of \u200b\u200bhostilities ...
In May 2013, a criminal case was instituted for the explosion. The investigation has shown that the company kept the chemicals that caused an explosion, with violation of security requirements. The US Chemical Security Committee found that the company did not undertake the necessary measures to prevent fire and explosion. In addition, at that time, there were no rules that would prohibit the storage of ammonium nitrate near settlements.
14. Flooding of Boston Falcon - 21 sacrifice
The flooding of Boston's molasses happened on January 15, 1919 after the Giant reservoir with molasses exploded in the Boston district of North and End, and the wave of a saham-containing fluid swept through the streets of the city at high speed. 21 people died, about 150 fell into hospitals. The catastrophe occurred at the Purity Distilling Company alcohol plant during the "dry law" (fermented molasses at the time was widely used to produce ethanol). On the eve of the introduction of a complete ban, the owners tried to have time to do as much as possible Roma ...
Apparently, due to the fatigue of the metal in a crowded reservoir with 8700 m³ of modules, metal sheets were separated. The earth trembled, and a wave of molasses up to 2 meters rushed into the streets. The pressure of the wave was so great that he moved from the paths of the cargo. Nearby buildings were flooded on a meter altitude, some collapsed. People, horses, dogs are knitted in a sticky wave and squeezing.
The mobile hospital of the "Red Cross" was deployed in the disaster zone, the US Navy division was included in the city - the rescue operation lasted a week. A molasses were cleaned with sand, which absorbed a viscous mass. Although the owners of the factory are vinyl in an explosion of anarchists, the citizens achieved payments from them the total amount of $ 600 thousand (today it is about $ 8.5 million). According to Bostonians, even now in hot days from old houses, the shower of caramel is coming ...
13. Explosion at Phillips Himmeal in 1989 -23 Victims
The explosion at the Phillips Petroleum Company Himzavoda happened on October 23, 1989, in Pasaden, Texas. Because of the employee's mistake, a large leakage of fuel gas occurred, and a powerful explosion was occurring equivalent to two and a half tons of dynamite. The tank with 20,000 gallons of Gaza isobutan exploded and the chain reaction caused 4 more explosions.
During scheduled maintenance, air ducts were accidentally closed on the valves. Thus, the control room showed that the valve is open, while it was as closed. This led to the formation of a pair cloud, which exploded from the slightest spark. The initial explosion is registered equal to 3.5 points on the Richter scale and the explosion fragments were found within a radius of 6 miles from the explosion.
Many of the fire hydrants failed, the pressure of water in the remaining hydrants fell. Firefighters required more than ten hours to take the situation under control and fully extinguish the flame. 23 people died, another 314 were injured.
12. Fire on a pyrotechnic factory in Enschede in 2000 - 23 victims
May 13, 2000 as a result of a fire on the pyrotechnic factory S.f. Fireworks In the Dutch city of Enschede (Enshed), an explosion was happening, 23 people died, including four firefighters. The fire began in the central building and spread to two full containers with fireworks, illegally stored outside the building. Several subsequent explosions happened to the biggest explosion felt so far as 19 miles.
During the fire, a significant part of the Rombeck District was burned and a significant part of Rombeck was burned, 1500 houses were damaged, and 400 houses were destroyed. In addition to the death of 23 people, 947 people were injured and 1250 people were left without bed. Fireman calculations arrived from Germany to help fight fire.
When S.f. Fireworks built a pyrotechnic factory in 1977, it was located far from the city. As the city grew, new inexpensive housing in surrounded the warehouses, which led terrible destruction, injury and death. Most locals did not have the slightest idea that they lived in such close proximity to the pyrotechnic warehouse.
11. Explosion on a chemical factory in Flixboro - 64 victims
In the city of Flixboro, England was an explosion on June 1, 1974, 28 people died. The accident happened at the Nipro factory, which was engaged in ammonium production. The catastrophe caused material damage to the colossal amount - 36 million pounds sterling. This catastrophe english industry has not yet known. The chemical plant in Flixboro almost ceased to exist.
Chemical plant near the village of Flixboro specialized in the production of caprolactam - the source product for the production of synthetic fiber.
The accident happened like this: the bypass pipeline, which connects the reactors 4 and 6, and steam began to escape from the taps. A cloud of vapor cyclohexane, containing several tens of tons of substance. The source of ignition clouds served as the torch of the hydrogen installation. Because of the accident at the factory, an explosive mass of preheated vapors was thrown into the air, for the ignition of which was enough to be the slightest spark. 24 minutes after the accident, when the mushroom cloud reached the hydrogen installation, a powerful explosion occurred. The explosion in its destructive strength was equivalent to the explosion of 45 tons of TNT, undermined at an altitude of 45 m.
About 2000 buildings, which were outside the enterprise, were damaged. In the village of Amkotts, located on the other side of the Trent River, from 77 suffered a lot of 73 at home. In the fluxboro, located at a distance of 1200 meters from the center of the explosion, from 79 houses collapsed 72. 64 people died from the explosion and subsequent fire, 75 people at the enterprise and outside of it were injured in varying severity.
The engineers of the plant under pressure the owners of the company NIPRO was often accomplished on retreat from the established technological regulations, ignored the security requirements. The sad experience of this catastrophe showed that at chemical plants it is necessary to have a high-speed automatic fire extinguishing system, which allows you to eliminate hard chemicals to eliminate hard chemicals after 3 seconds.
10. Spill shot steel - 35 victims
On April 18, 2007, 32 people died and 6 were injured when the bucket containing molten steel fell at the Qinghe Special Steel Corporation plant in China. Thirty tons of liquid steel, shot up to 1500 degrees Celsius fell from a suspended conveyor. Liquid steel broke through the doors and windows into the neighboring room, where the workers are on duty shifts.
Perhaps the most terrible fact discovered during the study of this catastrophe is that it could be prevented. The immediate cause of the accident was the illegal use of substandard equipment. The investigation concluded that there was a number of shortcomings and security violations that accidentally contributed.
When emergency services got to the disaster site, they stopped the heat of the molten steel, and they were not able to get to the victims for a long time. After the steel began to cool, they found 32 sacrifices. Surprisingly, 6 people miraculously survived this accident, and with the hardest burns were taken to the hospital.
9. The collapse of the composition with oil in Lac-Megantik - 47 victims
The explosion of the composition with oil occurred in the evening of July 6, 2013 in the town of Lac Megantik in Canadian Quebec. The train belonging to The Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Railway and transported 74 tanks with crude oil, came up with rails. As a result, several tanks caught fire and exploded. It is known about 42 dead, another 5 people are missing missing. As a result of a fire that covered the city, about half of the buildings in the city center were destroyed.
In October 2012, on the diesel locomotive GE C30-7 # 5017 when repairing the engine to complete the repair, epoxy materials were applied. In subsequent operation, these materials were collapsed, the locomotive began to smoke very much. The flowing fuel and lubricants accumulated in the casing of the turbocharger, which led to fire in the night of the crash.
The train was driven by Tom Harding. At 23:00 the train stopped at the station Nantes, on the main way. Tom contacted the dispatcher and reported problems with a diesel engine, a strong black exhaust; The solution of the problem with the diesel locomotive was postponed until the morning, and the driver went to sleep in the hotel. The train with the engineered diesel locomotive and dangerous cargo was left overnight at a non-servant station. At 23:50 in service 911 received a message about the fire on the head locomotive. It did not work the compressor, and the pressure in the brake line decreased. At 00:56 the pressure fell to such a level that manual brakes could not hold the cars and the unmanaged train went under the slope to the lacquer megantics. At 00:14 The train at a speed of 105 km / h gone from the rails and found himself in the city center. The wagons came up from the rails, the explosions followed and the burning oil was spread along the railway.
People in the near cafe, feeling the impulse of the earth, decided that the earthquake began and hid under the tables, in the end they did not have time to escape from the fire ... This railway catastrophe became one of the most deadly in Canada.
8. Accident on Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP - at least 75 victims
The accident at the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP is an industrial technogenic catastrophe, which occurred on August 17, 2009 - "Black Day" of Russian hydropower. As a result of the accident, 75 people were killed, the equipment and stations were seriously damaged, the production of electricity was suspended. The consequences of the accident were reflected in the environmental situation in the water area adjacent to the HPP, on the social and economic spheres of the region.
At the time of the accident, the HPP was loaded at 4100 MW, from 10 hydraulic units in the work there were 9. At 8:13 of the local time, on August 17, the destruction of the hydraulic unit No. 2 was destroyed with an admission of a hydraulic unit under high pressure of significant water volumes. Power plant personnel, which was in the machine room, heard a loud cotton and saw the release of a powerful pillar of water.
Water streams quickly flooded the machine room and rooms under it. All hydraulic units of HPP were flooded, while there were short circuits on the worked ha (their outbreaks are clearly visible on the amateur video of the catastrophe), which authorized them.
Non-obvious cause of the accident (according to the Minister of Energy of Russia Shmatko, "This is the most large-scale and incomprehensible accident of hydropower engineering, which was only in the world") caused a number of versions that did not find confirmation (from terrorism to the hydrowarder). As the most likely, the causes of the accident are called fatigue destruction of studs, which have arisen during the period of operation of the hydraulic unit No. 2 with a temporary imperative wheel and an invalid level of vibrations in 1981-83.
7. Explosion on Piper Alpha - 167 Victims
On July 6, 1988, the oil production platform in the North Sea called "Piper Alpha" was destroyed as a result of an explosion. Platform "Piper Alpha", installed in 1976, the Bala of the largest design at the Piper Platage, owned by the Scottish company "Oxidental Petroleum". The platform was located 200 km north-east of Aberdeen and served the control center of oil production on the site. The platform was a helicopter platform and a residential module for 200 oil workers working. On July 6, an unexpected explosion occurred at Piper Alfa. The fire that covered the platform did not even give the staff to send the SOS signal.
As a result of the leakage of gas and the subsequent explosion, 167 people from 226 were at that time on the platform were died, only 59 remained alive. It took 3 weeks to repay the fire, with the strongest wind (80 miles per hour) and 70-foot waves. The final cause of the explosion was established and failed. According to the most popular version, gas leakage happened on the platform, as a result of which a small spark was enough for a fire. The accident on the Piper Alpha platform led to a serious criticism and the subsequent revision of the safety standards for oil production in the North Sea.
6. Fire in Tianjin Binhai - 170 Victims
On the night of August 12, 2015, two explosions broke out on the storage area of \u200b\u200bcontainers in the port of Tianjin. At 10:50 pm local time began to receive messages about the fire located in the port of Tianjin's warehouses of the company Zhuihai, engaged in transportation of hazardous chemicals. As the investigators later found out, his reason was the self-burning of the drying and heated at the summer sun of nitrocellulose. For 30 seconds after the first explosion, a second container with ammonium nitrate occurred. The local seismological service estimated the power of the first explosion in 3 tons of trotyl equivalent, the second is 21 tons. Arrived firefighters for a long time could not stop the spread of fire. Fires raged for several days and another 8 explosions happened. The explosions created a huge crater.
The explosions led to the death of 173 people, 797 wounded, and 8 people are missing missing. . Thousands of Toyota cars, Renault, Volkswagen, Kia and Hyundai were damaged. 7,533 Containers, 12,428 cars and 304 buildings were destroyed or damaged. In addition to death and destruction, the damage was $ 9 billion. It turned out that three apartment buildings were built within a radius of one kilometer from the warehouse of chemicals, which is prohibited by Chinese legislation. The authorities were charged with 11 officials from the city of Tianjin in the case of the explosion. They are accused of negligence and abuse of powers.
5. Val di-old, breakthrough dam - 268 victims
In the north of Italy above the village, the Plotina Val di will collapsed on July 19, 1985. The accident destroyed 8 bridges, 63 buildings, died 268 people. After the catastrophe, during the investigation it was found that there was poor maintenance and a small supply of operational safety.
In the top of two dams, due to precipitation, the drainage pipe has become less efficient, it was clogged. Water continued to enter the reservoir and pressure in the damaged pipe increased, it also caused pressure on the coastline. Water began to penetrate into the soil, lingering in the dirt and weaken the shore, until finally, did not occur. Literally in 30 seconds, water and mud streams of the upper dam broke through and poured into the lower dam.
4. Terrikon collapse in Nambiy - 300 victims
By 1990, Namibiya, the mining settlement in the south-east of Ecuador had a reputation as aggressive ecocrenders. Local mountains were disturbed by miners, permeated with holes from mineral mining, air is wet and filled with chemicals, toxic gases from mines and a huge area.
On May 9, 1993, most of the mountain coal slag at the end of the valley collapsed, and about 300 people died under the landslide. 10,000 people lived in the village on the square about 1 square mile. Most of the houses of the city were built right at the entrance to the tunnel at the mine. Experts have long warned that the mountain has become practically a hollow. They said that further coal mining would lead to landslides, and after several days of heavy rains of the soil softened, and the worst forecasts came true.
3. Texas explosion - 581 victim
A technogenic catastrophe happened on April 16, 1947 in the port of Texas City, USA. The fire on the French ship "Grankan" (GrandCamp) led to detonation about 2100 tons of ammonium nitrate (ammonium nitrate), which resulted in a chain reaction in the form of fires and explosions on nearby ships and refinery.
As a result of the tragedy, at least 581 people died (including all, with the exception of one, fire protection staff of Texas City), more than 5,000 people were injured, 1784 fell into hospitals. The port and considerable part of the city were completely destroyed, many enterprises were compared with the Earth or burned. More than 1,100 cars were damaged and 362 cargo wagons are crowded - property damage is estimated at $ 100 million. These events caused the first collective claim against the US government.
The court recognized the federal government guilty of criminal negligence committed by government agencies and their representatives involved in production, packaging and marking of ammonium nitrate, aggravated with rude errors in its transportation, storage, loading and fire prevention measures. 1,394 compensation was paid for a total of about $ 17 million.
2. Bhopalic catastrophe - 110,000 victims
This one of the most terrible man-made disasters occurred in the Indian city of Bhopal. As a result of the accident on a himsage, owned by the American chemical company Union Carbide, and a pesticide producing, a poisonous substance of methylocyanate occurred. It was kept at the plant in three partially covered in the land of capacities, each of which could accommodate about 60,000 liters of fluid.
The cause of the tragedy was the emergency emission of a methylisocyanate vapor, which in the factory reservoir was heated above the boiling point, which led to an increase in pressure and breaking the emergency valve. As a result, on December 3, 1984, about 42 tons of poisonous vapors were thrown into the atmosphere. The methylocyanate cloud covered nearby slums and railway station, 2 km away.
The Bhopalskaya catastrophe is the largest in the number of victims in modern history, the imposed immediate death of at least 18 thousand people, of which 3 thousand died directly on the day of the accident, and 15 thousand in subsequent years. According to other data, the total number of victims is estimated at 150-600 thousand people. A large number of victims is due to the high density of the population, untimely informing residents about the accident, the lack of medical staff, as well as unfavorable weather conditions - the cloud of hard vapors was broadcast by the wind.
Union Carbide, responsible for this tragedy, in 1987, as part of an extrajudicial settlement paid victims of $ 470 million in exchange for refusal of complaints. In 2010, the Indian court recognized the seven former leaders of the Indian branch of Union Carbide guilty of negligence, which caused the death of people. The convicts were sentenced to two years in prison and a fine of 100 thousand rupees (approximately $ 2,100).
1. Tragedy on the Balziao Dam - 171,000 dead
In this catastrophe, it is impossible to reproach the dam designers, it was designed for severe floods, but this was completely unprecedented. In August 1975, in the western part of China, during Typhoon, Damb Balzia - about 171,000 people died. The dam was built in the 1950s for the production of electricity and prevent flooding. Engineers have developed it with a margin of strength for a thousand years.
But in those society days in early August 1975, Typhoon "Nina" immediately produced more than 40 inches of precipitation, which exceeded the annual total of precipitation in this area in just one day. After several days of even stronger rains, the dam did not resist and was blurred on August 8.
A breakthrough of the dams caused a wave high 33 feet, 7 miles wide, which was with a speed of 30 miles per hour. In total, more than 60 dams and additional reservoirs were destroyed due to the destruction of the Banqiao dam. Flood destroyed 5,960,000 buildings, 26,000 people immediately destroyed and another 145,000 died later as a result of hunger and epidemics due to natural disaster.
The war takes tens of thousands of human lives, but even the most bloody can not be compared with the elements: the planet does not spare us - and does not even draw attention to the number of victims affected by cyclones, floods and other terrible misfortunes. What is worse - tornado or fire? What are the chances to survive when the volcanic eruption? And when giving avalanche? Unfortunately, the answer in both cases is minimal. We have gathered 10 of the most terrible natural disasters in the entire history of mankind: judging by all, nature begins, gradually, punish us for the inappropriate destruction of the planet.
Mont-Pele volcanic eruption
1902 On May 8, 1902, the volcano of the Mont-Pele, who had a peacefully despised for decades, unexpectedly exploded. The eruption of this catastrophe is simply impossible: the streams of lava and rocks of the breed literally destroyed the main port of Martinique, Saint-Pierre. In just a few minutes, the whole 36,000 people died.
Flooding in China
1931 The beginning of the 31st year became a terrible test for the entire people of China. A series of terrible floods, which modern historians call the largest natural disaster in the entire history of mankind, took almost 4 million lives.
Fire in Kursa-2
1936 The summer of 1936 was very hot. The fire began not far from the village blown by the wind. The fire moved towards people. At night, the train approached the village, work began on the salvation of logging. Already at the very end, when the danger was very high, the composition was moving away - the villagers sat on the logs. When the train went to the canal, the wooden bridge was already burning. From him, the composition was engaged in logs. People burned alive. For one night about 1,200 people died.
Avalanie Wascarana
1970 Earth-standing off the coast of Peru destabilized the northern slope of the magnifier of the Mountain Mountain Wascaran. Avalanche of ice and rocks rushed down at a speed of 180 miles per hour. Located at Szogg, the town of Jungau met already 80 million cubic meters of dirt, ice and snow. From the 25,000 residents of the village did not survive.
Cyclone Bhola.
1970 This tropical cyclone is recognized as one of the most detrimental natural disasters of the modern world. The storm tide, which collapsed on the island of Delta Ganges, carried the life of half a million people. Once again, think about this number: 500,000 people died in just one day.
Storm in Iran
1972 The terrible snow storm lasted a whole week: Rural Iranians were completely covered with a three-meter layer of snow. Some villages were literally buried under avalanches. Subsequently, the authorities counted as much as 4,000 dead people.
Tanshhan Earth-Station
1976 This natural disaster occurred in the Chinese city of Tanshan. At about four o'clock in the morning, a strongest earthquake happened at a depth of 22 kilometers. The city was destroyed to the ground, none of 655,000 people survived.
Tornado in Dulatpur
1989 The deadly tornado, whose radius exceeded 1.5 kilometers, observers noticed on April 26. A little later, this giant fell on Bangladesh. The power of the tornado was enough to easily raise whole home into the air. People literally ruined into parts: about a day for about a half thousand people died during the day, another 12,000 were in the hospital.
European heat
2003 The heat of 2003, which walked in the summer of 2003, claimed 70,000 people. According to authorities, the local health system is simply not focused on such incredible loads. It is noteworthy that weather forecasters claim to repetition like a thermal attack approximately every thirteen years.
Tsunami in the Indian Ocean
2004 Underwater Earth-Station, which happened on December 26, 2004, caused the tsunami of an incredible force. The Earth-Station itself was recognized by the third in the level in the entire history at all. Tsunami with waves, the height of which exceeded 15 meters, collapsed on the shores of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and took the lives of more than 250,000 people.It is impossible to live past, dream about the future, you need to appreciate the present, rejoice in everybody's stay. The horrors that have suffered humanity in the twentieth century can not be forgotten. The most tragic events shocking fate lessons can be found in our review.
Catastrophes on water
The death of thousands of people on aquatic spaces is caused by different reasons: human factor, structural errors, military actions, natural elements. Consider the most ambitious in the number of victims of the tragedy, which occurred in the last century on the water:
1. "Goya". At a military ship confiscated by the Germans after the classes of Norwegian territories in the period of the Great Patriotic War, 7,000 people died. On April 16, 1945, Torpeda was sent to a powerful ship with a Russian submarine, as a result of which Goya was sank in the Baltic Sea.
2. Wilhelm Gustloff. The German ship is named after the Nazi party leader. At the time of construction, it was considered the largest ship in the world. Before the war it was used as a means for recreation. Sound the ship on January 30, 1945. The reason is the attack of the Soviet military with a submarine. The accurate composition of passengers is unknown, but according to the official version, 5,348 people died. On board were women and children.
3. Mont Blanc. On December 6, 1917, an explosion of a military French ship occurred in the Canadian Havan, which faced the "IMO" vessel (Norway). As a result of the fire managed to survive a little. Mortality - 2,000 people (identified 1,950 people), and the reason is a banal human factor. Not counting the militant era, this explosion was the most powerful in the history of mankind. About the terrible tragedy you can watch a film shot in Canada in 2003 - "destructive city".
4. "Bismarck". The German battleship Skils British Aviation on June 12, 1944 during the war. The number of victims amounted to 1,995 people.
The death of "Titanic" At the time of commissioning, the ship was considered the most huge on Earth. The giant ship sank in the first flight swimming on April 15, 1912, faced with Iceberg.
Horrors and death in the air
In the middle of the twentieth century, air transportation gained massive. The active development of passenger aviation led to the ability of the death of a person in the sky compared with the "water" mortality. Here is a list of "bright" tragedies who have claimed the lives of many in no guilty of people:
1. Collision on Tenerife. The catastrophe occurred on March 27, 1977. Place Events - Canary Islands (Tenerif). The rock "meeting" of two liners was the cause of the death of 583 people. 61 people managed to escape in the tragedy. For the period of the twentieth century, this aircraft crash is the largest in terms of the number of civil aviation.
2. Catastrophe under Tokyo. On August 12, 1985, a Japanese liner 12 minutes after his takeoff lost control, having lost the vertical stabilizer. For 32 minutes, the crew struggled for the rescue of the aircraft in the air, but the collision with Mount Otsutak influenced the destructive outcome of the events. Died 520 people, and survived only 4. The catastrophe is called the largest in the history of "one aircraft".
3. Charch Dadri (city in India). Aviation crash occurred as a result of the collision of the flagship and Kazakhstan liners at an altitude of 4,109 meters. All passengers died, including the crew of both planes (only 349 people).
4. Aerial collapse under Paris. On March 3, 1974, a wide-visor airliner, built by the Turkish company, was due to the life of 346 people. A few minutes after the take-off, the cargo compartment door suddenly opened.
Explosive compression destroyed all control systems. The plane picketed and crashed into the forest. The investigation indicated the imperfection of the locking mechanism in the compartment. After, in many airlines there were changes in the structures of aircraft to avoid catastrophic repetitions.
5. Cork terrorist attack. In the direction of London, the flagship carrier of India became a victim of a cruel terrorist attack. Literally a few minutes before the arrival, an explosion happened on board the aircraft and all those who were in it were killed (329 people). In the history of Canada, this is the largest terrorist attack.
Tragedy on earth
Some tragedies that happened in the past century on Earth still cause concern and concern, continuing to destroy the health and life of ordinary residents, namely:
1. Bhopalic catastrophe. Technogenic tragedy is the largest in history. An accident occurred at the Chemical Plant in India (1984). 18,000 people died. 3,000 of the dead became victims of instant death, and the rest died in the next months and years after the tragedy. The cause of the terrible event could not be installed.
2. Chaps. On April 26, 1986, a major deadly accident occurred, an explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (Ukraine). The emission of a huge number of radioactive substances was the death of hundreds of people, and not immediately, but gradually.
3. Piper Alpha. At the oil station in 1988, 167 people died (members of the personnel), 59 people - were lucky, they managed to survive, in the oil-producing industry, this catastrophe is the largest.
In addition to man-made tragedies in the twentieth century, many other shocking events occurred - a warrior, the total number of million victims of which is no longer counting: the First World War (1914-1818), civil war in Russia (1917-1923), World War II (1939 -1945), Korean War (1950-1053).
Natural disasters
1. Cyclone "Bhola". Disaster occurred in 1970. The tropical element covered several territories of Pakistan and Bengal, erased from the face of the city and small villages. Find out the exact number of dead citizens researchers failed (approximately 5,000,000 people).
2. Valdiv earthquake (1960 - Chile). Caused by the tsunami did not save many innocent residents. The number of victims reached several thousand people. In addition to the death, the natural phenomenon caused impressive damage to the affected territories (value assessment - $ 500 million).
3. Megatsuny on Alaska (1958). Earthquake, landslides, collapse of stones and ice into the water, the highest world tsunami. Element has a victim in the amount of 5,000,000 people.
